Significant Accounting Policies - Earnings Per Share Computations (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 division	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2023 division	Mar. 31, 2023 shares	Mar. 31, 2023 segment	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Number of business segments	4			3		4
Earnings per share
Options outstanding not included in computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)					35.6		23.1
Numerator:
Net income attributable to 3M | $		$ 976					$ 1,299
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)					552.7		572.3
Dilution associated with the Company's stock-based compensation plans (in shares)					0.5		2.7
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)					553.2		575.0
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - basic (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 1.77				$ 2.27
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders - diluted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 1.76				$ 2.26