Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income Information - AOCI Rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 13,816	$ 14,516	$ 15,117	$ 12,931
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(625)	(135)	(1,242)	100
Balance at the end of the period	14,156	14,530	14,156	14,530
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(7,362)	(7,486)	(6,750)	(7,721)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	(600)	(242)	(1,280)	(219)
Amounts reclassified out	82	176	287	516
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(518)	(66)	(993)	297
Tax effect	(105)	(68)	(242)	(196)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(623)	(134)	(1,235)	101
Balance at the end of the period	(7,985)	(7,620)	(7,985)	(7,620)
Cumulative Translation Adjustment
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(2,814)	(1,502)	(1,943)	(1,450)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	(773)	(286)	(1,587)	(303)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(773)	(286)	(1,587)	(303)
Tax effect	(46)	(15)	(103)	(50)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(819)	(301)	(1,690)	(353)
Balance at the end of the period	(3,633)	(1,803)	(3,633)	(1,803)
Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Plans Adjustment
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(4,581)	(5,858)	(4,753)	(6,098)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts reclassified out	112	158	339	477
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	112	158	339	477
Tax effect	(26)	(39)	(81)	(118)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	86	119	258	359
Balance at the end of the period	(4,495)	(5,739)	(4,495)	(5,739)
Cash Flow Hedging Instruments, Unrealized Gain (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	33	(126)	(54)	(173)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	173	44	307	84
Amounts reclassified out	(30)	18	(52)	39
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	143	62	255	123
Tax effect	(33)	(14)	(58)	(28)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	110	48	197	95
Balance at the end of the period	$ 143	$ (78)	$ 143	$ (78)