UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| For
the quarterly period ended | |
| OR | |
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| For the transition period from _____to _____ | |
Commission
File Number:
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| State or other jurisdiction | (I.R.S. Employer | |
| of incorporation or organization | Identification No.) |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
| The Stock Market LLC | ||||
| The Stock Market LLC |
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☐ |
Smaller
reporting company | |
| Emerging growth company
|
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐
As of November 9, 2022, the Registrant had shares of common stock outstanding.
SOLUNA HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
| 1 |
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Soluna Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of September 30, 2022 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands, except per share)
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Assets | ||||||||
| Current Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Deposits on equipment | ||||||||
| Current assets associated with discontinued operations | ||||||||
| Total Current Assets | ||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||
| Equity investment | ||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Line of credit | ||||||||
| Notes payable | ||||||||
| Current portion of debt | ||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability | ||||||||
| Income taxes payable | ||||||||
| Current liabilities associated with discontinued operations | ||||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | ||||||||
| Other liabilities | ||||||||
| Long term debt | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability | ||||||||
| Deferred tax liability, net | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | ||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10) | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity: | ||||||||
| Series B Preferred Stock, par value $ per share, authorized ; shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 | ||||||||
| Common stock, par value $ per share, authorized; shares issued and shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and shares issued and shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Common stock in treasury, at cost, shares at September 30, 2022 and shares at December 31, 2021 | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total Soluna Holdings, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Non-Controlling Interest | ||||||||
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
| 2 |
Soluna Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
(Dollars in thousands, except per share)
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
| September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Cryptocurrency mining revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Data hosting revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating costs: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, exclusive of depreciation | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining | ||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of data hosting revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization associated with general and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Total general and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Impairment on equity investment | ||||||||||||||||
| Impairment on fixed assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Loss on sale of fixed assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Other income, net | ||||||||||||||||
| Loss before income taxes from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) from continuing operations | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| (Loss) Income before income taxes from discontinued operations (including (loss) gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $( | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income from discontinued operations | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Consolidated net loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| (Less) Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc. | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Basic and Diluted (loss) earnings per common share: | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations per share (Basic & Diluted) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Net income from discontinued operations per share (Basic & Diluted) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Basic & Diluted loss per share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding (Basic and Diluted) | ||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
| 3 |
Soluna Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands, except per share)
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-in | Accumulated | Treasury Stock | Total Stockholders’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
Capital |
Deficit | Shares | Amount |
Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | ( | ) | — | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – option exercises | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – restricted stock | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | ( | ) | — | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – stock offering | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – option exercises | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – restricted stock | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | ( | ) | — | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends | — | — | ( | ) | — | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – preferred offering | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – option exercises | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – warrant exercises | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | ( | ) | — | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends | — | — | ( | ) | — | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – preferred offering | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – option exercises | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares- restricted stock | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares- Notes conversion | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares- termination shares | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants issued in relation to debt financing | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share consideration of asset acquisition | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – warrant exercises | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 |
Soluna Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share)
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Treasury Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series A Shares |
Amount | Series B Shares |
Amount | Shares | Amount | Additional Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Deficit | Shares | Amount | Non-Controlling Interest |
Total Stockholders’ Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | ( |
) | — | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends distribution | — | — | — | - |
— | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – preferred offering | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – warrant exercises | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares- Notes conversion | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants issued in relation to debt financing | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | ( |
) | — | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends distribution | — | — | — | - |
— | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – option exercises | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – preferred offering | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares-restricted stock | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – warrant exercises | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Promissory note conversion to preferred shares | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants issued in relation to debt financing | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Treasury Shares conversion | — | — | — | ( |
) | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| June 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | ( |
) | —— | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends distribution | — | — | — | ( |
) | — | ( |
) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – option exercises | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares – preferred offering | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares-restricted stock | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock units vested | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surrender of warrants for common shares | — | — | ( |
) | — | ( |
) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares- notes conversion | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrants and valuation issued in relation to debt financing | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common shares in relation to preferred offering | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contribution to Non-Controlling interest | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
| 5 |
Soluna Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
(Dollars in thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Operating Activities | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Net income from discontinued operations (including gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $ | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||
| Consultant stock compensation | ||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ) | ||||||
| Impairment on fixed assets | ||||||||
| Amortization of operating lease asset | ||||||||
| Impairment on equity investment | ||||||||
| Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation | ||||||||
| Amortization on deferred financing costs and discount on notes | ||||||||
| Loss (gain) on sale of fixed assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other long-term assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Accounts payable | ||||||||
| Deferred revenue | ||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities- discontinued operations | ||||||||
| Investing Activities | ||||||||
| Purchases of equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Purchases of intangible assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from disposal on equipment | ||||||||
| Deposits of equipment, net | ( | ) | ||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities- discontinued operations | ( | ) | ||||||
| Financing Activities | ||||||||
| Proceeds from preferred offering | ||||||||
| Proceeds from common stock offering | ||||||||
| Proceeds from notes and debt issuance | ||||||||
| Costs of preferred offering | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Costs of common stock offering | ( | ) | ||||||
| Costs of notes and short term debt issuance | ( | ) | ||||||
| Cash dividend distribution on preferred stock | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Contributions from non-controlling interest | ||||||||
| Proceeds from stock option exercises | ||||||||
| Proceeds from common stock warrant exercises | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||
| (Decrease) increase in cash-continuing operations | ( | ) | ||||||
| Increase in cash- discontinued operations | ||||||||
| Cash – beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash – end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
| Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information | ||||||||
| Noncash equipment financing | ||||||||
| Interest paid on NYDIG loans | ||||||||
| Proceed receivable from sale of MTI Instruments | ||||||||
| Notes converted to common stock | ||||||||
| Warrant consideration in relation to promissory notes and convertible notes | ||||||||
| Promissory note conversion to preferred shares | ||||||||
| Noncash proceed on sale of equipment | ||||||||
| Purchase of miner equipment using restricted stock | ( | ) | ||||||
| Registration fees in prepaids and accounts payable | ( | ) | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
| 6 |
Soluna Holdings, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
1. Nature of Operations
Description of Business
Unless the context requires otherwise in these notes to the consolidated financial statements, the terms “SHI,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Soluna Holdings, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “SCI” refers to Soluna Computing, Inc., formerly known as EcoChain, Inc., and “MTI Instruments” refers to MTI Instruments, Inc.
SHI currently conducts our business through our wholly-owned subsidiary, SCI. SCI is engaged in the mining of cryptocurrency through data centers that can be powered by renewable energy sources. Recently, SCI has built, and intends to continue to develop and build, modular data centers that are used for cryptocurrency mining and that in the future can be used for computing intensive, batchable applications, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, with the goal of providing a cost-effective alternative to battery storage or transmission lines. Headquartered in Albany, New York, the Company uses technology and intentional design to solve complex, real-world challenges.
SCI was incorporated in Delaware on January 8, 2020 as EcoChain, Inc., which operates a cryptocurrency mining facility that integrates with the cryptocurrency blockchain network. Through the October 2021 acquisition by EcoChain, Inc. of an entity at the time named Soluna Computing, Inc., SCI also has a pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects previously owned by Harmattan Energy, Ltd. (“HEL”) (formerly known as Soluna Technologies, Ltd.), a Canadian corporation incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Colombia that develops vertically-integrated, utility-scale computing facilities focused on cryptocurrency mining (“prop mining”) and cutting-edge blockchain applications. Following such acquisition, on November 15, 2021, SCI completed its conversion and redomicile to Nevada and changed its name from “EcoChain, Inc.” to “Soluna Computing, Inc.”. The following day, the acquired entity, Soluna Computing, Inc., changed its name to “Soluna Callisto Holdings Inc.” (“Soluna Callisto”). We earn revenue from this business as the mined cryptocurrencies are converted into U.S. dollars. SCI has also began mining operations in fiscal year 2021 in Murray, Kentucky and Calvert City, Kentucky. The mining facility in Calvert City currently performs hosting services and prop mining in which 10 megawatts is used for hosting services and 10 megawatts is used for prop mining. The mining facility in Murray, Kentucky operates fully on prop mining with a capacity of 25 megawatts. On September 17, 2022, SCI sold specified assets consisting mainly of mining equipment and other general equipment items to a buyer at its Wenatchee, Washington location. In addition, SCI entered into a management and hosting services agreement with the buyer to host several mining equipment now owned by the buyer. We have a development site in Texas (“Project Dorothy”) for a potential of up to 100 megawatts to be built at a wind farm with initial energization of 50 megawatts anticipated to begin in the first quarter of 2023, subject to Electric Reliability Council of Texas (“ERCOT”) approval and with ramp up likely to continue in fiscal year 2023.
Until
the Sale (as defined below), we also operated though our wholly owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments, an instruments business engaged in
the design, manufacture and sale of vibration measurement and system balancing solutions, precision linear displacement sensors, instruments
and system solutions, and wafer inspection tools. MTI Instruments was incorporated in New York on March 8, 2000. MTI Instruments’
products consisted of engine vibration analysis systems for both military and commercial aircraft and electronic gauging instruments for
position, displacement and vibration application within the industrial manufacturing markets, as well as in the research, design and
process development markets. These systems, tools and solutions were developed for markets and applications that require consistent operation
of complex machinery and the precise measurements and control of products, processes, and the development and implementation of automated
manufacturing and assembly. On December 17, 2021, we announced that we had entered into a non-binding letter of intent with a potential
buyer (the “Buyer”) regarding the potential sale of MTI Instruments (the “LOI”) to an unrelated third party.
Pursuant to the LOI, the Buyer would acquire
Soluna Holdings, Inc., formerly known as Mechanical Technology, Incorporated was incorporated in Nevada on March 24, 2021, and is the successor to Mechanical Technology, Inc., which was incorporated in the State of New York in 1961, as a result of a merger which became effective on March 29, 2021, and is headquartered in Albany, New York. Effective November 2, 2021, the Company changed its name from “Mechanical Technology, Incorporated” to “Soluna Holdings, Inc.”
On
April 11, 2022, SHI entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with NKX Acquiror, Inc. (the
“Purchaser”), pursuant to which the Company sold on such date all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of
its wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments, for approximately $
| 7 |
Going Concern and Liquidity
The Company’s financial statements as of September 30, 2022 have been prepared using generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. As shown in the accompanying financial statements, the Company did not generate sufficient revenue to generate net income, and has negative working capital as of September 30, 2022. In addition, the Company has seen a decline in the price of Bitcoin due its volatility, which could have a material and negative impact to our operations. These factors, among others indicate that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after issuance of these financial statements as of September 30, 2022, or November 14, 2022.
The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. In the near term, management is evaluating and implementing different strategies to obtain financing to fund the Company’s expenses and growth to achieve a level of revenue adequate to support the Company’s current cost structure. Financing strategies may include, but are not limited to, stock issuances, project level equity, debt borrowings, partnerships and/or collaborations. If the Company is unable to meet its financial obligations, it could be forced to restructure or refinance, seek additional equity capital or sell its assets. The Company might then be unable to obtain such financing or capital or sell its assets on satisfactory terms. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to the Company when needed or, if available, that it can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. If the Company is not able to obtain the additional financing on a timely basis, if and when it is needed, it will be forced to delay or scale down some or all of its development activities or perhaps even cease the operation of its business.
In
addition, as discussed above and further in Notes 14, and 15, the Company sold the MTI Instruments business in April 2022 to focus on
developing and monetizing green, zero-carbon computing and cryptocurrency mining facilities. The Company received approximately $
To
further implement management’s strategy, the Company entered into
transactions to (i) recapitalize and negotiate revised terms with senior secured lenders, which released collateral (thus enabling
execution of the project financing strategy), (ii) provide a means for Noteholders (as defined in Note 8) to reduce the Company’s
debt through the equity markets, including by entering into the Addendum and Addendum Amendment (as defined in Note 8), which was intended
to allow the Company to convert up to $
In
addition to the proceeds from the foregoing transactions and together with the Company’s cash on hand of approximately $
The COVID-19 global pandemic has been unprecedented and unpredictable, and the impact is likely to continue to result in significant national and global economic disruption, which may adversely affect our business. Although the Company has experienced some minor changes to our miner shipments due to disruptions in the global supply chain, the Company does not expect any material impact on our long-term strategic plans, our operations, or our liquidity due to the impacts of COVID-19. Further, various macroeconomic factors could adversely affect our business and the results of our operations and financial condition, including changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions. For instance, inflation could negatively impact the Company by increasing our labor costs, through higher wages and higher interest rates. If inflation or other factors were to significantly increase our business costs, our ability to develop our current projects may be negatively affected. Interest rates, the liquidity of the credit markets and the volatility of the capital markets could also affect the operation of our business and our ability to raise capital in order to fund our operations. However, the Company is actively monitoring this situation and the possible effects on our financial condition, liquidity, operations, suppliers, and the industry.
| 8 |
2. Basis of Presentation
In the opinion of management, the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report.
The information presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements. All other information has been derived from the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021.
Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and our wholly-owned subsidiary, SCI, as of September 30, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, also include the accounts of our then wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
Variable Interest Entities
Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) are entities that, by design, either (i) lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities independently, or (ii) have equity holders that do not have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the entity’s expected losses, or the right to receive the entity’s expected residual returns. The Company consolidates a VIE when it is the primary beneficiary, which is the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) through its interests in the VIE, the obligation to absorb expected losses or the right to receive expected benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
The
Company consolidates the accounts of Soluna DVSL ComputeCo, LLC (“DVSL”), a VIE, in which the Company holds a
Non-Controlling Interests
The ownership interest held by owners other than the Company in less than wholly-owned subsidiaries are classified as non-controlling interests. The value attributable to the non-controlling interests is presented on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets separately from the equity attributable to the Company. Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests are presented separately on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, respectively.
Unless otherwise noted, all capital values, share and per share amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated for the effects of the Company’s change in par value from $0.01 to $0.001, which became effective after the reincorporation to the State of Nevada on March 29, 2021.
Reclassification
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations or net assets. The reclassifications relate to the presentation of discontinued operations and a correction of an error.
| 9 |
Correction of an Error
The
Company recorded cash preferred dividend distributions of $
The following tables present the effects of the correction of the prior period error to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity:
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-in | Accumulated | Treasury Stock | Total Stockholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount |
Capital |
Deficit | Shares | Amount |
Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustment for correction of an error-Preferred dividends | — | — | ( | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance September 30, 2021-as adjusted | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustment for correction of an error-Preferred dividends | — | — | ( | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2021-as adjusted | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3. Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivables consist of the following at:
| (Dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||
| Data Hosting | $ | |||||||
| Other receivable | ||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ||||||
The
Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts was $
Employee Receivables
Certain
employees have a receivable due to the Company related to the vesting of stock awards, in which $
| 10 |
4. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following at:
| (Dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||
| Land | $ | $ | ||||||
| Land improvements | ||||||||
| Buildings | ||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||||
| Vehicles | ||||||||
| Computers and related software | ||||||||
| Machinery and equipment | ||||||||
| Office furniture and fixtures | ||||||||
| Construction in progress | ||||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
Depreciation
expense was $
The
Company incurred a $
During
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company concluded that there were impairment indicators on property, plant and
equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners in storage. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September
30, 2022. As such, the Company reassessed its estimates and forecasts as of September 30, 2022, to determine the fair values of the S-9
and L3 miners held in storage. As a result of the analysis, as of September 30, 2022, the Company concluded the carrying amount of the
property, plant and equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners exceeded its fair value, which resulted in impairment charges of
$
In
addition, the Company assessed the active miners in operations and determined there has been a decline in the market value of the active
miners in the Company’s operations. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September 30, 2022. As such,
the Company reassessed its estimates and forecasts as of September 30, 2022, to determine the undiscounted cash flows to determine whether
the miners would be recoverable. It was determined based on the analysis, that the undiscounted cash flow with residual value was less
than the net book value as of September 30, 2022, confirming the existence of a triggering event, and therefore required an impairment
to be recognized. Based on the fair value of the active miners compared to the net book value, the Company determined that an impairment
of approximately $
5. Asset Acquisition
As discussed above in Note 1, on October 29, 2021, the Company completed the Soluna Callisto acquisition pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of August 11, 2021, by and among the Company, SCI and Soluna Callisto (the “Merger Agreement”). The purpose of the transaction was (i) for SCI to acquire substantially all of the assets (other than those assets physically located in Morocco) formerly held by HEL, which assets consisted of Soluna Callisto’s existing pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects that HEL previously transferred to Soluna Callisto and (ii) to provide SCI with the opportunity to directly employ or retain the services of four individuals whose services it had retained through HEL prior to the merger. As a result of the merger, each share of common stock of Soluna Callisto issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, other than shares owned by the Company or any of our subsidiaries, was cancelled and converted into the right to receive a proportionate share of up to shares (the “Merger Shares”) of the Company’s common stock payable upon the achievement of certain milestones within five years after the effective date in the merger, as set forth in the merger agreement and the schedules thereto (the “Merger Consideration”). See Note 11 for further information regarding our relationship with HEL.
The acquisition was accounted for, for purposes of U.S. GAAP, using the asset acquisition method of accounting under the ASC 805-50. We determined that we acquired in the acquisition a group of similar identifiable assets (primarily, the “strategic pipeline contract” of certain cryptocurrency mining projects), which it classified as an intangible asset for accounting purposes. As a result, our acquisition of the set of assets and activities constituted an asset acquisition, as opposed to a business acquisition, under ASC 805. ASC 805-50 provides that assets acquired in an asset acquisition are measured based on the costs of the acquisition, which is the consideration that the acquirer transfers to the seller, and includes direct transaction costs related to the acquisition. We include Soluna Callisto’s results of operations in our results of operations beginning on the effective date of the acquisition.
| 11 |
Termination Consideration
In
connection with the Soluna Callisto acquisition, effective as of October 29, 2021, pursuant to the terms of a termination agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) dated
as of August 11, 2021 by and among the Company, SCI, and HEL, on November 5, 2021, SCI paid
HEL $
Merger Consideration
The fair value of the Merger Consideration includes various assumptions, including those related to the allocation of the estimated value of the maximum number of Merger Shares ( shares) issuable as Merger Consideration, which issuance is contingent on the achievement of certain milestones of generating active Megawatts from Qualified Projects in which the Cost Requirement is satisfied within five years after the effective date of the merger, as set forth in the Merger Agreement and the schedules thereto, as set forth below. The Merger Consideration and the timing of the payment thereof is subject to the following qualifications and limitations:
| 1a) |
| i. | ||
| ii. | ||
| iii. | No Merger Shares will be issued to HEL without our prior written consent; | |
| iv. | Issuance of the Merger Shares will also be subject to the continued employment with or engagement by SCI or the surviving corporation of (A) John Belizaire and (B) at least two of Dipul Patel, Mohammed Larbi Loudiyi, (through ML&K Contractor), and Phillip Ng at the time that such Merger Shares are earned. If both (A) and (B) cease to be satisfied on or prior to the date that all Merger Shares are earned (such date, a “Trigger Date”), then “Qualified Projects” for purposes of determining Merger Shares shall only apply to those Qualified Projects that are in the pipeline as of the Trigger Date. For these purposes, if any such individual’s employment or service relationship with SCI is terminated without cause, as a result of his death or disability, or with good reason (as such terms are defined in the employment and consulting agreements), such individual shall be deemed to continue to be employed or engaged by SCI for these purposes; | |
| v. | If
SHI or SCI consummates a Change of Control before the fifth anniversary of the date of the closing of the merger, then we will be
obligated to issue all of the unissued Merger Shares (subject to (ii) and (iii) above). The Merger Agreement defines “Change
of Control” as (A) the sale, exchange, transfer, or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of us or SCI,
(B) our failure to continue to own (directly or indirectly) | |
| vi. | if on any of the fifth anniversary of the effective time of the merger, June 30, 2022 or June 30, 2023, a facility has not become a Qualified Facility and therefore is not taken into consideration in the calculation of Active MW because any of the elements set forth in the definition of “Qualified Facility” as defined in the Merger Agreement have not been met for reasons beyond the reasonable control of SCI’s management team, but SCI’s management team is then actively engaged in the process of completing and is diligently pursuing the completion of the missing elements, then (A) the target dates set forth above shall be extended for an additional 90 days, and (B) additional extensions of time may be granted by our Board of Directors (the “Board”) in its commercially reasonable discretion, in each case for the purpose of enabling SCI’s management team to complete the steps needed to qualify the facility as a Qualified Facility. |
| 12 |
The number of Merger Shares is also subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments in the event of any stock split, stock consolidation, stock dividend, or similar event involving the shares of our common stock. Based on the assessment performed, the fair value of the merger consideration as of October 29, 2021 was approximately $33.0 million.
Based on management’s evaluation, management concluded that due to the high volatility of its share price, the low probability of not achieving the MW targets, and the fact the value associated with meeting the performance measures are not intended to drive the number of shares to be issued, but rather act as a proxy for and driver of share value, the monetary value of the obligation at inception is predominantly a function of equity shares. As such, the consideration will be treated as equity as ASC 480-10-25-14 is not applicable since the monetary value of the Merger Shares is not (1) fixed, or (2) dependent on (i) variations in something other than the fair value of the Company’s equity shares, or (ii) variations inversely related to changes in the fair value of the Company’s equity shares and is instead exposed to changes in the fair value of the Company’s share price, and as such does not represent a liability under ASC 480. The economic risks and characteristics of the share consideration are clearly and closely related to a residual equity interest since the underlying (i.e., the incremental shares of common stock delivered upon achievement of each MW target) will participate in the increase in value of the common equity of the Company, similar to a call option on common stock. Based on guidance in ASC 815-40-25-7 through 25-35, the share consideration is considered to be indexed to the Company’s stock and meets the additional criteria for equity classification.
6. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consisted of the following as of September 30, 2022:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Intangible Assets | Accumulated Amortization | Total | |||||||||
| Strategic pipeline contract | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Assembled workforce | ||||||||||||
| Patents | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Intangible assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2021:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Intangible Assets | Accumulated Amortization | Total | |||||||||
| Strategic pipeline contract | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Assembled workforce | ||||||||||||
| Patents | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Amortization
expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $
The strategic pipeline contract relates to supply of a critical input to our digital mining business. The Company has analyzed this strategic pipeline contract similar to a permit for future benefit. The strategic pipeline contract relates to potential renewable energy datacenters that fit in the alignment of the Company structure to expand operations of the Company’s new focus in their business.
The Company expects to record amortization expense of intangible assets over the next five years and thereafter as follows:
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||
| Year ending December 31, | ||||
| 2022 (remainder of the year) | $ | |||
| 2023 | ||||
| 2024 | ||||
| 2025 | ||||
| 2026 | ||||
| Thereafter | ||||
| Total | $ | |||
| 13 |
7. Income Taxes
During
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company’s effective income tax rate on the tax benefit was -
In
connection with the strategic contract pipeline acquired in the Soluna Callisto acquisition as further discussed in Note 5, ASC 740-10-25-51
requires the recognition of a deferred tax impact of acquiring an asset in a transaction that is not a business combination when the
amount paid exceeds the tax basis on the acquisition date.
The Company provides for recognition of deferred tax assets if the realization of such assets is more likely than not to occur in accordance with accounting standards that address income taxes. Significant management judgment is required in determining the period in which the reversal of a valuation allowance should occur. The Company has considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, such as historical levels of income and future forecasts of taxable income amongst other items, in determining its valuation allowance. In addition, the Company’s assessment requires us to schedule future taxable income in accordance with accounting standards that address income taxes to assess the appropriateness of a valuation allowance which further requires the exercise of significant management judgment.
The
Company believes that the accounting estimate for the valuation of deferred tax assets is a critical accounting estimate because judgment
is required in assessing the likely future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns.
The Company based the estimate of deferred tax assets and liabilities on current tax laws and rates and, in certain cases, business plans
and other expectations about future outcomes. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates or the Company adjusts these
estimates in future periods, the Company may need to adjust the recorded valuation allowance, which could materially impact our financial
position and results of operations. The valuation allowance was $
8. Debt
Convertible Notes
Debt consists of the following
(dollar in thousands):
| Maturity Date | Interest Rate | September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||
| Convertible Note | % | $ | $ | |||||||||||
| Less: debt discount | ||||||||||||||
| Less: discount from issuance of warrants | ||||||||||||||
| Less: debt issuance costs | ||||||||||||||
| Total convertible notes, net of discount and issuance costs | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
On
October 25, 2021, pursuant to a Securities
Purchase Agreement (the “October SPA”), the Company issued to certain accredited investors (the “Noteholders”)
(i) secured convertible notes in an aggregate principal amount of $
| 14 |
The
October Secured Notes, subject to an original issue discount of
On
July 19, 2022, the Company entered into an addendum to the October SPA
(the “Addendum”), pursuant to which a portion of the October Secured Notes would be converted and may be redeemed in three
tranches, with each tranche of $ required to be converted into common stock in each case at the then in effect conversion price
of the October Secured Notes, with such price, prior to each conversion, to be reduced (but not increased) to a
On
September 13, 2022, the Company and the Noteholders entered into an agreement further amending the Addendum (the “Addendum Amendment”),
which among other matters, extended the Maturity Date of the October Secured Notes by six months to April 25, 2023, and increased the
principal amount of the October Secured Notes by an aggregate of $
Pursuant
to the Addendum, between July 21, 2022 to August 3, 2022, the October Secured Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $
| 15 |
Promissory Notes
On
February 22, 2022, the Company issued to certain institutional lenders (the “Lenders”) promissory notes in an aggregate principal
amount of $ million for an aggregate purchase price of $ million (collectively, the “First Tranche Notes”). The Notes
were issued as the first tranche of an aggregate financing of $ million. On March 10, 2022, the Company has issued to the lenders
a second tranche of an aggregate principal amount of $ million (the “Second Tranche Notes”). The Company issued to the
Lenders a third tranche of promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of $ million for an aggregate purchase price of $
million (the “Third Tranche Notes” and, together with the First Tranche Notes and Second Tranche Notes, the “Notes”)
along with Class D common stock purchase warrants (collectively, the “Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of
The
exercise of the Warrants is subject to beneficial ownership limitations such that the Lenders may not exercise the Warrants to the extent
that such exercise would result in each of the Lenders being the beneficial owner in excess of
The total fair value of the Warrants, as of the issuance date, was $ million and is recorded as equity with the offset recorded as debt discount against the net proceeds. The proceeds of $ million were allocated between the Promissory Notes and the Warrants, in which the discount related to the warrants is being amortized based on the straight-line method through the date of Maturity. None of the Warrants have been exercised and exchanged for the Company’s common stock as of September 30, 2022.
On
April 29, 2022, the Company issued in a registered direct offering shares of Series A Cumulative Perpetual Preferred
Stock, par value $ per share, of the Company (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) to the Lenders, at an offering price
of $ per share, the same price as the public offering price of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock in the underwritten
public offering completed concurrently, in full satisfaction of the Company’s obligations under the outstanding Notes in an aggregate amount of $
NYDIG Financing
| Maturity Dates | Interest Rate | September 30, 2022 | ||||||
| NYDIG Loans #1-11 | April 25, 2023 thru January 25, 2027 | $ | ||||||
| Less: principal payments | ||||||||
| Less: debt issuance costs | ||||||||
| Total outstanding debt | ||||||||
| Less current portion of debt | ||||||||
| Total Long term debt | $ | |||||||
On
December 30, 2021, Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC (the “Borrower”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company entered
into a Master Equipment Finance Agreement (the “Master Agreement”) with NYDIG ABL LLC (“NYDIG”) as lender, servicer
and collateral agent (the “NYDIG facility”). The Master Agreement outlined the framework for a financing up to approximately
$
On
January 14, 2022, the Borrower effected an initial drawdown under the Master Agreement in the aggregate principal amount of approximately
$
| 16 |
In
connection with the NYDIG Transactions, on January 13, 2022, the Company entered into a Consent and Waiver Agreement, dated as of January
13, 2022 (the “Consent”), with the Noteholders, in connection with the October SPA, pursuant to which the Noteholders agreed
to waive any lien on, and security interest in, certain assets, provided various contingencies
are fulfilled, and each Noteholder who acquired October Secured Notes having a principal amount of not less than $
Promptly
after the date of the Consent, the Company issued warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock to the Noteholder holding
the largest outstanding principal amount of October Secured Notes as of the date of the Consent. Such warrants are substantially in form
similar to the other warrants held by the Noteholders. Such warrants are exercisable for three years from the date of the Consent at
an exercise price of $
The
Company, through the Borrower, is required to make average monthly principal
and interest payments to NYDIG of approximately $
Line of Credit with KeyBank
On
September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a $
9. Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred Stock
The
Company has two series of preferred stock outstanding: the Series A Preferred Stock, with
a $
Series B Preferred Stock
On July 19, 2022, the Company
entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Series B SPA”) with an accredited investor (the “Series B Investor”)
pursuant to which the Company sold to the Series B Investor shares of Series B Preferred Stock, for a purchase price of $
In
addition, on July 19, 2022, the Company issued to the Series B Investor common stock purchase warrants (the “Series B
Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of shares of common stock at an initial exercise price of $
| 17 |
Common Stock
The Company has one class of common stock, par value $ per share. Each share of the Company’s common stock is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to stockholders. As of September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, there were and shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.
Dividends
Pursuant
to the Certificate of Designations,
Reservation of Shares
| Stock options outstanding | ||||
| Restricted stock units outstanding | ||||
| Warrants outstanding | ||||
| Common stock available for future equity awards or issuance of options | ||||
| Number of common shares reserved |
(Loss) Income per Share
The Company computes basic (loss) income per common share by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted (loss) income per share reflects the potential dilution, if any, computed by dividing (loss) income by the combination of dilutive common stock equivalents, comprised of shares issuable under outstanding investment rights, warrants and the Company’s stock-based compensation plans, and the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Dilutive common stock equivalents include the dilutive effect of in-the-money stock options, which are calculated based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the exercise price of a stock option and the amount of compensation cost, if any, for future service that the Company has not yet recognized are assumed to be used to repurchase shares in the current period.
The Company notes as continuing operations were in a Net loss position for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, as such basic and diluted Earnings-per-share (“EPS”) is the same amount as continuing operations acts as the control amount in which would cause antidilution. Not included in the computation of earnings per share, assuming dilution, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, were options to purchase up to shares of the Company’s common stock, nonvested restricted stock units, outstanding warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock, and shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of a portion of the October Secured Notes pursuant to the Addendum, as discussed in Note 8. These potentially dilutive items were excluded because the calculation of incremental shares resulted in an anti-dilutive effect.
Not included in the computation of earnings per share, assuming dilution, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, were options to purchase shares of common stock and restricted stock units of the Company’s common stock, as well as warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock outstanding. These potentially dilutive items were excluded because the Company incurred a loss during the period and their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.
Placement Agent Agreement
On September 13, 2022, the Company entered into a
placement agent agreement with Univest Securities LLC (“Univest”) in which all of the
10. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments:
Leases
The
Company determines whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company and our subsidiaries have operating leases for certain
manufacturing, laboratory, office facilities and certain equipment. The leases have remaining lease terms of less than
| 18 |
Lease expense for these leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, total lease costs are comprised of the following:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Operating lease cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Short-term lease cost | ||||||||||||||||
| Total net lease cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Short-term leases are leases having a term of twelve months or less. The Company recognizes short-term leases on a straight-line basis and does not record a related lease asset or liability for such leases.
Other information related to leases was as follows:
| (Dollars in thousands, except lease term and discount rate) | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 | |||
| Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (in years): | ||||
| Operating leases | ||||
| Weighted Average Discount Rate: | ||||
| Operating leases | % | |||
| (Dollars in thousands) | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 | ||||||
| Supplemental Cash Flows Information: | ||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ||||||||
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | $ | ||||||
| Non-Cash Activity Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: | ||||||||
| Operating leases | $ | $ | ||||||
Maturities of noncancellable operating lease liabilities are as follows for the nine months ending September 30:
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||
| 2022 | ||||
| 2022 (remainder of year) | $ | |||
| 2023 | ||||
| 2024 | ||||
| Total lease payments | ||||
| Less: imputed interest | ( | ) | ||
| Total lease obligations | ||||
| Less: current obligations | ( | ) | ||
| Long-term lease obligations | $ | |||
As of September 30, 2022, there were no additional operating lease commitments that had not yet commenced.
| 19 |
Contingencies:
Legal
We are subject to legal proceedings, claims and liabilities which arise in the ordinary course of business. When applicable, we accrue for losses associated with legal claims when such losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. These accruals are adjusted as additional information becomes available or circumstances change. Legal fees are charged to expense as they are incurred.
The
Company has been named as a party in the December 19, 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) Demand Letter
regarding the Malta Rocket Fuel Area Superfund Site (“Site”) located in Malta and Stillwater, New York in connection with
an alleged release of hazardous materials into the environment. The EPA is seeking reimbursement of response costs from all named parties
in the amount of approximately $
11. Related Party Transactions
MeOH Power, Inc.
On
December 18, 2013, MeOH Power, Inc. and the Company executed a Senior Demand Promissory Note (the “Note”) in the amount of
$
Legal Services
During
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company incurred $
HEL Transactions
On
January 8, 2020, the Company formed SCI as a wholly-owned subsidiary to pursue a new business line focused on cryptocurrency and the
blockchain ecosystem. In connection with this new business line, SCI established a facility to mine cryptocurrencies and integrate with
the blockchain network. Pursuant to an Operating and Management Agreement dated January 13, 2020, by and between SCI and HEL, HEL assisted
the Company, and later SCI, in developing, and is now operating, the cryptocurrency mining facility. The Operating and Management Agreement
requires, among other things, that HEL provide project sourcing services to SCI, including acquisition negotiations and establishing
an operating model, investments/financing timeline, and a project development path, as well as developmental and operational services,
as directed by SCI, with respect to the applicable cryptocurrency mining facility in exchange for SCI’s payment to HEL of a one-time
management fee ranging from $
Pursuant
to the Operating and Management Agreement, during the developmental phase of the cryptocurrency mining facility, which ended on March
14, 2020, HEL gathered and analyzed information with respect to SCI’s cryptocurrency mining efforts and produced budgets, financial
models, and technical and operational plans, including a detailed business plan, that it delivered to SCI in March 2020 (the “Deliverables”),
all of which was designed to assist with the efficient implementation of a cryptocurrency mine. The agreement provided that, following
SCI’s acceptance of the Deliverables, which occurred on March 23, 2020, HEL, on behalf of SCI, would commence operations of the
cryptocurrency mine in a manner that would allow SCI to mine and sell cryptocurrency. In that regard, on May 21, 2020, SCI acquired the
intellectual property of GigaWatt, Inc. (“GigaWatt”) and certain other property and rights of GigaWatt associated with GigaWatt’s
operation of a crypto-mining operation located in Washington State. The acquired assets formed the beginning of SCI’s cryptocurrency
mining operation. SCI sells all cryptocurrency it mines for U.S. dollars and is not in the business of accumulating cryptocurrency on
the Company’s balance sheet for speculative gains. On October 22, 2020, SCI loaned HEL $
| 20 |
On
November 19, 2020, SCI and HEL entered into a second Operating and Management Agreement related to a potential location for a cryptocurrency
mine in the southeast United States. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, which are consistent with the first Operating and
Management Agreement noted above, HEL was entitled to ongoing success payments of 20.0% of the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation
and amortization of the mine. SCI paid HEL $
On
December 1, 2020, SCI and HEL entered into a third Operating and Management Agreement with respect to a potential location for a cryptocurrency
mine in the Southwestern United States. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, which are consistent with the first Operating
and Management agreement noted above, HEL is entitled to ongoing success payments of
On
February 8, 2021, SCI and HEL entered into a fourth Operating and Management Agreement related to a potential location for a cryptocurrency
mine in the Southeast United States. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, which are consistent with the first Operating and
Management agreement noted above, HEL is entitled to ongoing success payments of 20.0% of the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation
and amortization of the mine. SCI paid HEL $
For
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the Company paid $
Each
Operating and Management Agreement, all of which were terminated effective November 5, 2021, pursuant to the Termination Agreement, among
other things, required that HEL provide project sourcing services to SCI, including acquisition negotiations and establishing an operating
model, investments/financing timeline, and project development path. The Company made one final payment to HEL in the first quarter of
2022 of $
Simultaneously
with entering into the initial Operating and Management Agreement with HEL, the Company, pursuant to a purchase agreement it entered
into with HEL, made a strategic investment in HEL by purchasing Class A Preferred Shares of HEL for an aggregate purchase price
of $
As discussed above, on October 29, 2021, we completed the Soluna Callisto acquisition pursuant to the Merger Agreement. The purpose of the transaction was for SCI to acquire substantially all of the assets (other than those assets physically located in Morocco) formerly held by HEL, which assets consisted of SCI’s existing pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects that HEL previously transferred to SCI, which was formed expressly for this purpose, and to provide SCI with the opportunity to directly employ or retain the services of four individuals whose services it had retained through HEL prior to the merger. As a result of the merger, each share of common stock of Soluna Callisto issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, other than shares owned by the Company or any of our subsidiaries, was cancelled and converted into the right to receive a proportionate share of the Merger Consideration.
In
connection with the Soluna Callisto acquisition, effective as of October 29, 2021, upon and subject to the terms and conditions of the
Termination Agreement, on November 5, 2021: (1) the existing Operating and Management Agreements between HEL and SCI were terminated
in all respects; and (2)(A) SCI paid HEL $
Please see Note 5 for additional information regarding the Soluna Callisto acquisition and related transactions.
Several of HEL’s equity holders are affiliated with Brookstone Partners, the investment firm that holds an equity interest in the Company through Brookstone Partners Acquisition XXIV, LLC. The Company’s two Brookstone-affiliated directors also serve as directors and, in one case, as an officer, of HEL and also have ownership interest in HEL. In light of these relationships, the various transactions by and between the Company and SCI, on the one hand, and HEL, on the other hand, were negotiated on behalf of the Company and SCI via an independent investment committee of the Board and separate legal representation. The transactions were subsequently unanimously approved by both the independent investment committee and the full Board.
| 21 |
Five of the Company’s directors have various affiliations with HEL.
Michael
Toporek, the Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company, owns
In
addition, one of the Company’s directors, Matthew E. Lipman, serves as a director and currently acting as President of HEL. Mr.
Lipman does not directly own any equity interest in
John
Belizaire and John Bottomley, who were elected to the Board upon the effective time of SCI’s acquisition of Soluna Callisto, serve
as directors of HEL.
Finally, William P. Phelan, Chairman of the Board, served as an observer on HEL’s board of directors on behalf of the Company through March 2021.
The
Company’s investment in HEL was initially carried at the cost of investment and was $
The
Company owned approximately
2021 Plan
The Company’s 2021 Stock Incentive Plan was initially adopted by the Board on February 12, 2021 and approved by the stockholders on March 25, 2021. The 2021 Plan was amended and restated effective as of October 29, 2021 and as of May 27, 2022 (as amended and restated, the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan authorizes the Company to issue shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options, the grant of restricted stock awards, and the conversion of restricted stock units (collectively, the “Awards”). The Compensation Committee has full authority, subject to the terms of the 2021 Plan, to interpret the 2021 Plan and establish rules and regulations for the proper administration of the 2021 Plan. Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the 2021 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the 2021 Plan (i) pursuant to the exercise of stock options, (ii) as unrestricted or restricted stock, and (iii) in settlement of restricted stock units shall be limited to (A) during the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2021, shares of common stock, which is equal to 15% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on January 1, 2021, (B) for the period from January 1, 2022 to June 30, 2022, fifteen percent (15%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of January 3, 2022, which was the first trading day of 2022, and (C) beginning with the third quarter of the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 (or July 1, 2022), 15% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the first trading day of each quarter. Subject to certain adjustments as provided in the 2021 Plan, (i) shares of common stock subject to the 2021 Plan shall include shares of common stock which reverted back to the 2021 Plan pursuant to the paragraph below in a prior quarter or fiscal year, as applicable, and (ii) the number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the 2021 Plan may never be less than the number of shares of common stock that are then outstanding under (or available to settle existing) Award grants.
In the event that, prior to the date on which the 2021 Plan shall terminate, any Award granted under the 2021 Plan expires unexercised or unvested or is terminated, surrendered, or cancelled without the delivery of shares of common stock, or any Awards are forfeited back to the Company, then the shares of common stock subject to such Award may be made available for subsequent Awards under the terms of the 2021 Plan.
| 22 |
During
the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company awarded restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan, valued at $ through
$ per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, with a weighted average
fair value of $ per share.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company awarded restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan, valued at $ through
$ per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, with a weighted average
fair value of $ per share.
During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company did not grant any options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock under the 2021 Plan or award restricted common stock or restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan.
During
the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company granted options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock
under the 2021 Plan, of which
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company awarded shares of restricted common stock under the 2021 Plan, valued at $ per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the award. The shares will be restricted for one year, with the entire award vesting on the first anniversary of the award date.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company awarded restricted stock units under the 2021 Plan, valued at $ per share based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant. 33 1/3% of such restricted stock units will vest on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of the grant.
13. Effect of Recent Accounting Updates
Accounting Updates Not Yet Effective
Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) in the form of accounting standard updates (“ASUs”) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The Company considered the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not mentioned below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 (Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)) and its subsequent amendments to the initial guidance within ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02, respectively (collectively, Topic 326). Topic 326 changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not accounted for at fair value through net income. This standard replaces the existing incurred credit loss model and establishes a single credit loss framework based on a current expected credit loss model for financial assets carried at amortized cost, including loans and held-to- maturity debt securities. The current expected loss model requires an entity to estimate credit losses expected over the life of the credit exposure upon initial recognition of that exposure when the financial asset is originated or acquired, which will generally result in earlier recognition of credit losses. This standard also requires expanded credit quality disclosures. For available-for-sale debt securities, entities will be required to record allowances rather than reduce the carrying amount, as they do today under the other-than-temporary impairment model. This standard also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans. This standard will affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. ASU 2018-19 clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are accounted for using lease guidance and not as financial instruments. ASU 2019-04 clarifies that equity instruments without readily determinable fair values for which an entity has elected the measurement alternative should be remeasured to fair value as of the date that an observable transaction occurred. ASU 2019-05 provides an option to irrevocably elect to measure certain individual financial assets at fair value instead of amortized cost. This standard should be applied on either a prospective transition or modified-retrospective approach depending on the subtopic. This standard will be effective for the Company for annual and interim reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2022, and while early adoption is permitted, the Company does not expect to elect that option. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements, including assessing and evaluating assumptions and models to estimate losses. Upon adoption of this standard on January 1, 2023, the Company will be required to record a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings for the impact as of the date of adoption. The impact will depend on the Company’s portfolio composition and credit quality at the date of adoption, as well as forecasts at that time. We do not expect material changes to the consolidated financial statements upon adoption of this standard.
| 23 |
There have been no other significant changes in the Company’s reported financial position or results of operations and cash flows as a result of our adoption of new accounting pronouncements or changes to our significant accounting policies that were disclosed in its consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 (the “2021 Fiscal Year”).
14. Discontinued Operations
As
described in Note 1, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Purchaser, pursuant to which the Company sold on April
11, 2022 all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments for approximately
$ million in cash, net of transaction costs. As of September 30, 2022, our Instrumentation business segment was classified as discontinued
operations in our financial statements for all periods presented. The Company incurred a $
Set forth below are the results of the discontinued operations:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 (*) | 2022 | 2021 (*) | |||||||||||||
| Product revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | ||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | - | 404 | 398 | 1,196 | ||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income | - | 15 | - | 21 | ||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposal and income taxes | ||||||||||||||||
| Pretax (loss) gain on sale of MTI Instruments | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax benefit | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | $ | ( | ) | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||
| (*) |
The following table summarizes information about assets and liabilities from discontinued operations held for sale as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
(Dollars in thousands)
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Assets held for sale from discontinued operations: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Inventories | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net | ||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets held for sale from discontinued operations | $ | $ | ||||||
| Liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities held for sale from discontinued operations | $ | $ | ||||||
| 24 |
15. MTI Instruments Sale
As
described in Note 1, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Purchaser, pursuant to which the Company sold on April
11, 2022 all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of our wholly-owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments for an all-cash purchase
price of $
The following table presents the gain associated with the Sale.
(Dollars in thousands)
| As of April 11, | ||||
| 2022 | ||||
| Consideration received | $ | |||
| Plus: closing cash | ||||
| Less: transaction costs | ( | ) | ||
| Less: closing indebtedness | ( | ) | ||
| Plus: new working capital adjustments | ( | ) | ||
| Adjusted consideration received | ||||
| Cash | ||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ||||
| Inventories | ||||
| Prepaid expense and other current assets | ||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | ||||
| Deferred tax assets | ||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | ||||
| Total assets | ||||
| Accounts payable | ||||
| Accrued liabilities | ||||
| Operating lease liability | ||||
| Total liabilities | ||||
| Net assets transferred | ||||
| Gain on sale | $ | |||
16. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY
On
January 26, 2022, DVSL was created in order to construct, own, operate and maintain variable data centers in order to support the mining
of cryptocurrency assets, batch processing and other non-crypto related activities (collectively, the “Project”). On May
3, 2022, SCI entered into a Bilateral Master Contribution Agreement (the “Bilateral Contribution Agreement”) with Spring
Lane, pursuant to which Spring Lane agreed, pursuant to the terms and conditions of such agreement, to make one or more capital contributions
to, and in exchange for equity in, SCI or one of its subsidiaries up to an aggregate amount of $
| 25 |
On
August 5, 2022, the Company entered into a Contribution Agreement (the “Dorothy Contribution Agreement”) with Spring Lane,
Soluna DV Devco, LLC (“Devco”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of SCI, and DVSL
an entity formed in order to further the Company’s development for Project Dorothy, (each, a “Party” and, together,
the “Parties”).
In
exchange for their contributions, the Company and Spring Lane were issued
Soluna evaluated this legal entity under ASC 810, Consolidations and based on the following factors, determined that DVSL is a variable interest entity that should be consolidated into Soluna, with a non-controlling interest recorded to account for Spring Lane’s equity ownership of the Company. Soluna has a variable interest in DVSL. The entity was designed by Soluna to create an entity for outside investors to invest in specific projects. The creation of this entity resulted in Soluna, through its equity interest in DVSL, absorbing operational risk that the entity was created to create and distribute, resulting in Soluna having a variable interest in DVSL.
DVSL is a variable interest entity of Soluna due to DVSL being structured with non-substantive voting rights. This is due to two factors being met as outlined in ASC 810-10-15-14 that require the Variable Interest Entity model to be followed.
| a. | The voting rights of Soluna are not proportional to their obligation to absorb the expected losses of the legal entity. Soluna gave Spring Lane veto rights over significant decisions, which results in Soluna having fewer voting rights than their obligation to absorb the expected losses of the legal entity. | |
| b. | Substantially all of DVSL’s activities are conducted on behalf of Soluna, who has disproportionally fewer voting rights. |
Also, Soluna is the primary beneficiary due to having the power to direct the activities of DVSL that most significantly impact the performance of the Company due to its role as the manager handling the day-to-day activities of DVSL as well as majority ownership of Class B Units and has the obligation to absorb losses or gains of DVSL that could be significant to Soluna.
Accordingly, the accounts of DVSL are consolidated in the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements.
The carrying amount of the VIE’s assets and liabilities was as follows:
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Other receivable-current | ||||||||
| Total current assets | ||||||||
| Property, plant, and equipment | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||
| Due from – intercompany | $ | $ | ||||||
| Total current liabilities | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||
| 26 |
The summarized operating results of the VIE’s are as follows:
| For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| General and administrative expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
17. Segment Information
The Company applies ASC 280, Segment Reporting, in determining its reportable segments. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had two reportable segments in Continuing Operations: Cryptocurrency Mining and Data Center Hosting. The Company notes that previously there was an additional segment: Test and Measurement Instrumentation, however as discussed in Notes 1, 14, and 15, the Company sold MTI Instruments in April 2022, and therefore has classified as discontinued operations. The guidance requires that segment disclosures present the measure(s) used by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) to decide how to allocate resources and for purposes of assessing such segments’ performance. The Company’s CODM is comprised of several members of its executive management team who use revenue and cost of revenues of both reporting segments to assess the performance of the business of our reportable operating segments.
No operating segments have been aggregated to form the reportable segments. The Company does not allocate all assets to the reporting segments as these are managed on an entity-wide basis. Therefore, the Company does not separately disclose the total assets of its reportable operating segments.
The Cryptocurrency Mining segment generates revenue from the cryptocurrency the Company earns through its mining activities. The Data Center Hosting segment generates revenue from contracts for the provision/consumption of electricity and operation of the data center from the Company’s high performance computing facility in Calvert City, Kentucky.
For
the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, approximately
The Company evaluates performance based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes, accounting changes, items management does not deem relevant to segment performance, and interest income and expense. Inter-segment sales and expenses are not significant. Non-cash items of depreciation and amortization are included within both costs of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses.
The following table details revenue and cost of revenues for the Company’s reportable segments for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and reconciles to net loss on the consolidated statements of operations:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Reportable segment revenue: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cryptocurrency mining revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Data hosting revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Total segment and consolidated revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Reportable segment cost of revenue: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, inclusive of depreciation | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of data hosting revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Total segment and consolidated cost of revenues | ||||||||||||||||
| Reconciling items: | ||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Impairment on fixed assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Impairment on equity investment | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation | ||||||||||||||||
| Loss on sale of fixed assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
| Income before income tax from discontinued operations (including (loss) gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $( | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit from discontinued operations | ||||||||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Net loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
| (Less) Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc. | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
| Capital expenditures | ||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||||||||||
| 27 |
18. Subsequent Events
Convertible Promissory Note
On
October 7, 2022, the Company entered into a promissory note agreement with Spring Lane, as amended, for a principal amount of
$
October 2022 Underwritten Public Offering
On October 24, 2022, the Company entered into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Univest Securities, LLC (“Univest”) in connection with the offer and sale to such underwriter, in a firm commitment public offering (the “October 2022 Offering”) of shares (the “October 2022 Shares”) of the Company’s common stock at a price to the public of $ per share. Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the Company also granted the underwriter a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional shares (the “October 2022 Option Shares”) of the Common Stock on the same terms as the October 2022 Shares sold in the Offering (the “October 2022 Over-Allotment Option”). On October 26, 2022, the October 2022 Offering closed.
The
aggregate gross proceeds were approximately $
Pursuant
to the Underwriting Agreement and the engagement letter, dated as of October 4, 2022, by and between the Company and Univest, the Company
agreed to issue to Univest, in connection with the October 2022 Offering, warrants to purchase up to a number of shares of common stock,
representing 5% of the October 2022 Shares and any October 2022 Option Shares sold, at an initial exercise price of $
Upon
the closing of the October 2022 Offering, the Company also issued shares of common stock to the holder of the Company’s Series B Preferred Stock, reflecting the number of shares
of common stock equal to 10% of the capital raised from the October 2022 Offering and the Spring Lane Note, pursuant to that certain
securities purchase agreement, dated July 19, 2022, by and between the Company and the purchaser named therein. Additionally, upon the closing of the October 2022 Offering, the exercise price of the Series B Warrants reset to
from $
| 28 |
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Unless the context requires otherwise, the terms “SHI,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Soluna Holdings, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “SCI” refers to Soluna Computing, Inc., formerly known as EcoChain, Inc., and “MTI Instruments” refers to MTI Instruments, Inc.
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 31, 2022.
In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements, which involve risk and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ include those set forth in Part I Item 1A-Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Readers should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which the statements were made and are not guarantees of future performance. Except as may be required by applicable law, we do not undertake or intend to update any forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Please see “Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” below.
Overview
SHI currently conducts our business through our wholly-owned subsidiary, SCI. SCI is engaged in the mining of cryptocurrency through data centers that can be powered by renewable energy sources. Recently, SCI has built, and intends to continue to develop and build, modular data centers that are currently used for cryptocurrency mining and that in the future can be used for computing intensive, batchable applications, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, with the goal of providing a cost-effective alternative to battery storage or transmission lines. Headquartered in Albany, New York, the Company uses technology and intentional design to solve complex, real-world challenges.
SCI was incorporated in Delaware on January 8, 2020 as EcoChain, Inc., which operates a cryptocurrency mining facility that integrates with the cryptocurrency blockchain network. Through the October 2021 acquisition by EcoChain, Inc. of an entity at the time named Soluna Computing, Inc., SCI also has a pipeline of certain cryptocurrency mining projects previously owned by Harmattan Energy, Ltd. (“HEL”) (formerly known as Soluna Technologies, Ltd.), a Canadian corporation incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Colombia that develops vertically-integrated, utility-scale computing facilities focused on cryptocurrency mining and cutting-edge blockchain applications. Following such acquisition, on November 15, 2021, SCI completed its conversion and redomicile to Nevada and changed its name from “EcoChain, Inc.” to “Soluna Computing, Inc.”. The following day, the acquired entity, Soluna Computing, Inc., changed its name to “Soluna Callisto Holdings Inc.” (“Soluna Callisto”). We earn revenue from this business as the mined cryptocurrencies are converted into U.S. dollars. SCI has also began mining operations in fiscal year 2021 in Murray, Kentucky and Calvert City, Kentucky. The mining facility in Calvert City currently performs hosting services and prop mining in which 10 megawatts is used for hosting services and 10 megawatts is used for prop mining. The mining facility in Murray, Kentucky operates fully on prop mining with a capacity of 25 megawatts. On September 17, 2022, SCI sold specified assets consisting mainly of mining equipment and other general equipment items to a buyer at its Wenatchee, Washington location. In addition, SCI entered into a management and hosting services agreement with the buyer to host several mining equipment now owned by the buyer. We have a development site in Texas (“Project Dorothy”) for a potential of up to 100 megawatts to be built at a wind farm with initial energization of 50 megawatts anticipated to begin in the first quarter of 2023, subject to ERCOT approval and with ramp up likely to continue in fiscal year 2023.
Until the April 11, 2022 sale described below, we also operated though our wholly owned subsidiary, MTI Instruments, an instruments business engaged in the design, manufacture and sale of vibration measurement and system balancing solutions, precision linear displacement sensors, instruments and system solutions, and wafer inspection tools. MTI Instruments was incorporated in New York on March 8, 2000. MTI Instruments’ products consist of engine vibration analysis systems for both military and commercial aircraft and electronic gauging instruments for position, displacement and vibration application within the industrial manufacturing markets, as well as in the research, design and process development markets. These systems, tools and solutions are developed for markets and applications that require consistent operation of complex machinery and the precise measurements and control of products, processes, and the development and implementation of automated manufacturing and assembly. On December 17, 2021, we announced that we had entered into a non-binding letter of intent with a potential buyer (the “Buyer”) regarding the potential sale of MTI Instruments (the “LOI”) to an unrelated third party. Pursuant to the LOI, the Buyer would acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding common stock of MTI Instruments (the “Sale”). As a result of the foregoing, the MTI Instruments business was reported as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2021 and prior periods included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2022 (our “Annual Report”), as well as in these consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2022 and prior periods. On April 11, 2022, we consummated the Sale, MTI Instruments ceased to be our wholly-owned subsidiary. As a result, we have exited the instruments business. See Notes 1, 14, and 15 of our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the Sale.
| 29 |
Recent Developments
We used the net proceeds of our recent debt financing and preferred stock offerings during the quarter primarily for the construction of Project Dorothy which is anticipated to launch in fiscal year 2023, additional miners for our cryptocurrency mining facilities in Kentucky to continue to expand our growth in those facilities, and operational expenses for our SCI business unit.
October 2022 Underwritten Public Offering
On October 24, 2022, we entered into the Underwriting Agreement with Univest in connection with the offer and sale to Univest, in a firm commitment public offering of 1,388,889 shares of our common stock at a price to the public of $1.44 per share. Pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, we also granted the underwriter a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 208,333 shares of common stock on the same terms as the October 2022 Shares. On October 26, 2022, the October 2022 Offering closed.
The aggregate gross proceeds were approximately $2.0 million before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of 8.0% ($0.16 million) and other offering fees and expenses, resulting in aggregate net proceeds to us of approximately $1.63 million. The net proceeds of the offering are intended for the acquisition, development and growth of data centers, including cryptocurrency mining processors, other computer processing equipment, data storage, electrical infrastructure, software and real property (i.e. land and buildings) and business, including but not limited to the Project Dorothy facility, and for working capital and general corporate purposes, which include, but are not limited to, operating expenses. We expect to develop and implement a capital strategy consisting of debt and equity to finance new projects, equipment purchases and upgrades for the remaining fiscal year 2022 and fiscal year 2023.
Upon the closing of the October 2022 Offering, we also issued 158,333 shares of common stock to the Series B Investor, reflecting the number of shares of common stock equal to 10% of the capital raised from the October 2022 Offering and the Spring Lane Note, pursuant to that certain securities purchase agreement, dated July 19, 2022, by and between us and the purchaser named therein. Additionally, upon the closing of the October 2022 Offering, the exercise price of the Series B Warrants reset to from $10.00 per share to $1.584 per share, 110% of the price per share of common stock issued and sold in the October 2022 Offering.
Miner Purchases and Deployments
As of September 30, 2022, we had purchased, received and/or deployed the following miners:
Number of Miners | ||||
| Miners deployed as of January 1, 2022 | 13,240 | |||
Miners received and deployed in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 | 12,289 | |||
Miners in storage as of September 30, 2022, not deployed | (7,876 | ) | ||
Miners disposed or sold in the nine months ended of September 30, 2022 | (6,284 | ) | ||
| Total Active Miners as of September 30, 2022 | 11,369 | |||
In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we received and deployed 12,289 miners and disposed or sold 6,284 miners. We had 11,369 active miners within our mining operations as of September 30, 2022.
Consolidated Results of Operations
Consolidated Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Compared to the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021.
The following table summarizes changes in the various components of our net loss during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 | Three September | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Cryptocurrency mining revenue | $ | 5,387 | 2,018 | 3,369 | 167 | % | ||||||||||
| Data hosting revenue | $ | 985 | 1,106 | (121 | ) | (11 | )% | |||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, exclusive of depreciation | $ | 4,100 | 623 | 3,477 | 558 | % | ||||||||||
| Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining | $ | 6,010 | 156 | 5,854 | 3,753 | % | ||||||||||
| Cost of data hosting revenue | $ | 1,078 | 964 | 114 | 12 | % | ||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | $ | 5,686 | 2,316 | 3,370 | 146 | % | ||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization associated with general and administrative expenses | $ | 2,378 | 1 | 2,377 | 237,700 | % | ||||||||||
| Impairment on equity investment | $ | 750 | - | 750 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
| Impairment on fixed assets | $ | 28,086 | - | 28,086 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
| Operating loss | $ | (41,716 | ) | (936 | ) | (40,780 | ) | 4,357 | % | |||||||
| Other income, net | $ | 2 | 3 | (1 | ) | (33 | %) | |||||||||
| Interest expense | $ | (1,671 | ) | - | (1,671 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Loss on sale of fixed assets | $ | (988 | ) | - | (988 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation | $ | (12,317 | ) | - | (12,317 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Loss before income taxes from continuing operations | $ | (56,690 | ) | (933 | ) | (55,757 | ) | 5,976 | % | |||||||
| Income tax benefit from continuing operations | $ | 547 | - | 547 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | $ | (56,143 | ) | (933 | ) | (55,210 | ) | 5,917 | % | |||||||
| (Loss) Income before income taxes from discontinued operations (including loss on sale of MTI Instruments of $21 for the three months ended September 30, 2022) | $ | (21 | ) | 323 | (344 | ) | 107 | % | ||||||||
| Income tax benefit from discontinued operations | $ | - | - | - | - | % | ||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | $ | (21 | ) | 323 | (344 | ) | 107 | % | ||||||||
| Consolidated Net loss | $ | (56,164 | ) | (610 | ) | (55,554 | ) | 9,107 | % | |||||||
| Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | $ | (272 | ) | - | (272 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc. | $ | (55,892 | ) | (610 | ) | (55,282 | ) | 9,063 | % | |||||||
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The following table summarizes changes in the various components of our net loss during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
| (Dollars in thousands) | Nine Months September | Nine Months September | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Cryptocurrency mining revenue | $ | 20,696 | 4,670 | 16,026 | 343 | % | ||||||||||
| Data hosting revenue | $ | 3,668 | 1,106 | 2,562 | 231 | % | ||||||||||
| Operating costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
| Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, exclusive of depreciation | $ | 11,092 | 1,272 | 9,820 | 772 | % | ||||||||||
| Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining | $ | 15,872 | 380 | 15,492 | 4,076 | % | ||||||||||
| Cost of data hosting revenue | $ | 3,192 | 964 | 2,228 | 232 | % | ||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization | $ | 15,441 | 6,118 | 9,323 | 152 | % | ||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization associated with general and administrative expenses | $ | 7,127 | 1 | 7,126 | 712,600 | % | ||||||||||
| Impairment on equity investment | $ | 750 | - | 750 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
| Impairment on fixed assets | $ | 28,836 | - | 28,836 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
| Operating loss | $ | (57,946 | ) | (2,959 | ) | (54,984 | ) | 1,858 | % | |||||||
| Other income, net | $ | 2 | 10 | (8 | ) | (80 | %) | |||||||||
| Interest expense | $ | (7,856 | ) | - | (7,856 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation | $ | (12,317 | ) | - | (12,317 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Loss on sale of fixed assets | $ | (2,606 | ) | - | (2,606 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Loss before income taxes from continuing operations | $ | (80,723 | ) | (2,949 | ) | (77,774 | ) | 2,637 | % | |||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) from continuing operations | $ | 1,344 | (3 | ) | 1,347 | (44,900 | %) | |||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | $ | (79,379 | ) | (2,952 | ) | (76,427 | ) | 2,589 | % | |||||||
| Income before income taxes from discontinued operations (including gain on sale of MTI Instruments of $7,581 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022) | $ | 7,681 | 500 | 7,181 | 1,436 | % | ||||||||||
| Income tax benefit from discontinued operations | $ | 70 | - | 70 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | $ | 7,751 | 500 | 7,251 | 1,450 | % | ||||||||||
| Consolidated Net loss | $ | (71,628 | ) | (2,452 | ) | (69,176 | ) | 2,821 | % | |||||||
| Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | $ | (272 | ) | - | (272 | ) | 100 | % | ||||||||
| Net loss attributable to Soluna Holdings, Inc. | $ | (71,356 | ) | (2,452 | ) | (68,904 | ) | 2,810 | % | |||||||
Cryptocurrency Mining Revenue: Cryptocurrency mining revenue consists of revenue recognized from SCI’s cryptocurrency mining operations.
Cryptocurrency mining revenue was approximately $5.4 million and $20.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to $2.0 million and $4.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. We maintained our facility in Washington and in 2021 added two new mining site operations in Murray, Kentucky and Calvert City, Kentucky, however only the East Wenatchee and Calvert City sites were operational in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, and operations for the Calvert City site did not begin to ramp up until the third quarter of 2021. Megawatts deployed increased from approximately 2 megawatts at the beginning of 2021 and increased slowly in fiscal year 2021 to 20 megawatts for the Calvert City facility and 25 megawatts for their Murray facility for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This growth in capacity and expected hashrate contributed to the growth in the business for the three and nine months of 2022.
Data Hosting Revenue: In August 2021, SCI began cryptocurrency hosting services in which SCI provides energized space and operating services to third-party mining companies who locate their mining hardware at one of SCI’s mining locations, in which they may receive a fee per miner installed, revenue share and if additional services are rendered, an additional service fee is charged to the outside parties. The Company’s data hosting revenue was approximately $985 thousand and $3.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, with $1.1 million in data hosting revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Company saw a decline in data hosting revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 due to a change in contract in which the Company is now, as of August 2022, charging a lower flat fee per month as compared to fees charged by miner, and charging the electricity expense as a pass-through thus does not get recognized as revenue. The Company still receives a profit share component from the hosting contract. The data hosting revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 is entirely attributed to the Calvert City, Kentucky mining site.
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Cost of Cryptocurrency Mining Revenue: Cost of cryptocurrency revenue includes direct utility costs, site overhead expenses, depreciation expenses, as well as overhead costs that relate to the operations of SCI’s cryptocurrency mining facilities.
Cost of cryptocurrency mining revenue, exclusive of depreciation costs, was approximately $4.1 million and $11.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to approximately $623 thousand and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. Depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency revenue was approximately $6.0 million and $15.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to $156 thousand and $381 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. As noted above, SCI did not commence cryptocurrency mining operations until the second quarter of 2020 and did not start to significantly increase capacity until the third quarter of 2021. The Murray, Kentucky mining site did not energize until the fourth quarter of 2021. Therefore, there was no material cryptocurrency mining revenue or associated costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. As the Company began increasing its capacity, the associated costs began to increase. As noted above, depreciation costs associated with cryptocurrency mining revenue began to significantly increase as miners and equipment were being installed into operations and depreciated over their useful life.
Cost of Data Hosting Revenue: Cost of data hosting revenue includes utility charges, site overhead expenses, and other charges. These expenses are allocated based on the cost driving activity.
Cost of data hosting revenue was approximately $1.1 million and $3.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $964 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. As noted above, SCI began hosting services in August 2021, in which expenses are allocated based on the cost driving activity, and as operations began to increase, the Company incurred higher cost of revenue.
General and Administrative Expenses: General and administrative expenses include cash and non-cash compensation, benefits and related costs in support of our general corporate functions, including general management, finance and accounting, human resources, marketing, information technology, corporate development, and legal services.
General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2022 increased by $3.4 million or 146%, to $5.7 million from $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was a result of expenses incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2022 for which there was no comparable expense in the three months ended September 30, 2021. The general and administrative expenses incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2022 were related to the ramp of the integration of the Soluna Callisto acquisition and the subsequent development and growth of the business unit SCI (i.e.: salary, stock-based compensation and future pipeline expenses), as well as from changes in a number of our traditional general and administrative expenses such as payroll, legal, insurance, audit and tax fees.
Salaries and benefit expenses increased by approximately $1.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. Of these expenses, approximately $1.0 million was related to salary and fringe benefits for new employees of Soluna Callisto in connection with the October 2021 acquisition, as compared to no payroll expenses for SCI employees in the comparable period in 2021. It was noted that SCI had twenty-two employees as of September 30, 2022. Approximately $270 thousand was related to salary and fringe benefits for twelve SHI corporate employees as of September 30, 2022 compared to five SHI corporate employees in the comparable period in 2021. The Company saw increases in stock grants for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 by $604 thousand due to growth in Company’s headcount. The Company also incurred an increase in recruitment fees of $67 thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2022 due to the rapid growth of the Company’s operations. The increase in the salaries and benefits expenses is reflective of the addition of several functions and departments within the SCI organization and continued growth in corporate functions to support the expanding business line.
Legal fees increased by approximately $1.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 due to legal expenses of approximately $785 thousand in relation to Project Dorothy, and increases of approximately $430 thousand in relation to general corporate matters with the growth of the business, corporate filings such as Current Reports on 8-K and Quarterly Reports on 10-Q filings, and preparation for the special meeting of the stockholders held in September 2022.
Consultant and professional service fees increased by approximately $309 thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 due to valuations of complex transactions, advisory fees for complex accounting research matters, and pipeline development project costs, in which the Company involves multiple consultants to help build out future plans. Office and information and technology fees increased by $156 thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021, due to related to additional office expenses and software expenses. The Company incurred operations and management expenses paid to Soluna BC in the three months ended September 30, 2021 which was not paid for the three months ended September 30, 2022 for $575 thousand.
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General and administrative expenses, exclusive of depreciation and amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased by $9.3 million or 152%, to $15.4 million from $6.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was a result of expenses incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for which there was no comparable expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 for the SCI business unit. The expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 related to the hiring of new employees for the Soluna Callisto transactions (i.e.: salary, stock-based compensation and future pipeline expenses), as well as from changes in a number of our traditional general and administrative expenses.
Salaries, benefits and other employee related expenses increased by $4.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Approximately $3.3 million related to salary and fringe benefits for new employees of Soluna Callisto in connection with the October 2021 acquisition and the subsequent hires, as compared to no payroll expenses associated with SCI as there were no employees for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2022, SCI had twenty-two employees. Approximately $800 thousand related to additional hires for supporting a larger corporate organization for SHI including more accounting functionality, compliance and financial planning.
Stock-based compensation costs included $2.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 related to grants of restricted stock units and options granted to members of our board of directors, executives and employees.
Consulting and professional services increased by $1.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to valuations of complex transactions, advisory fees for complex accounting research matters, and pipeline development project costs, in which the Company involves multiple consultants to help build out future plans.
Legal fees increased by approximately $1.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to legal expenses of approximately $785 thousand in relation to Project Dorothy, and increases of approximately $300 thousand in relation to general corporate matters with the growth of the business, higher fees for annual filing and additional corporate filings such as 8Ks, and the special proxy meeting that was done in September 2022.
Insurance expenses increased by approximately $616 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to an increase in general business insurance and directors and officers insurance.
Audit and tax fees increased by $438 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 associated with increased fees for the fiscal year 2021 audit, as well as the nature of the Company’s operations changing from an instrumentation business to a cryptocurrency mining business.
Office and general information and technology expenses increased by approximately $378 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to an increase in general office expense and software expenses as the company was working on developing and growing new technology to help build a stronger and more efficient internal infrastructure.
Board of directors expenses increased by approximately $164 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to the addition of two board members in the fourth quarter of 2021 and an increase in board fees in the fiscal year 2022.
The company incurred operations and management expenses paid to Soluna BC for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 which was not paid for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for $819 thousand.
Depreciation and Amortization associated with general and administrative expenses: Depreciation and amortization expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 totaled approximately $2.4 million and $7.1 million, respectively, compared to $1 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. This increase was mainly related to amortization expense of approximately $2.4 million and $7.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, related to the strategic pipeline contract that was acquired in October 2021, as well as small increases in depreciation expenses related to general and administrative items.
Impairment on Equity Investment: During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company fully impaired the equity method investment of $750 thousand due to current projections with the equity investment in HEL.
Impairment on Fixed Assets: During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company concluded that there were impairment indicators on property, plant and equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners in storage. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September 30, 2022. As such, the Company reassessed its estimates and forecasts as of September 30, 2022, to determine the fair values of the S-9 and L3 miners held in storage. As a result of the analysis, as of September 30, 2022, the Company concluded the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment associated with the S-9 and L3 miners exceeded its fair value, which resulted in impairment charges of $1.1 million and $1.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. In addition, the Company assessed the active miners in operations and determined that based on Bitcoin pricing and other market factors, there has been a decline in the market value of the active miners in the Company’s operations. As a result, a quantitative impairment analysis was required as of September 30, 2022. It was determined based on the analysis, that the undiscounted cash flow with residual value was less than the net book value as of September 30, 2022, confirming the existence of a triggering event, and therefore required an impairment to be recognized. Based on the fair value of the active miners compared to the net book value, the Company determined that an impairment of approximately $26.9 million to be recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 in relation to active miners. The Company notes that if we had depreciated the active miners over 12 months, total depreciation expense would have been $21.9 million, and that it would have taken the Company approximately 15 months to depreciate the impairment costs recognized on the active miners.
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Operating Loss: Operating loss increased to $41.7 million and $57.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, from $936 thousand and $3.0 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. This $40.8 million and $55.0 million loss increase for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, was the result of the non-cash impairments of fixed assets and the equity investment, significant increases in general, and administrative expenses for items not incurred in the prior year related to the significant growth in the SCI operations, which led to increased revenue and costs in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Interest Expense: Interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $1.7 million and $7.9 million, respectively. Interest expense was primarily related to the $1.2 million and $6.5 million of interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively in relation to the October Secured Notes issued on October 25, 2021 and certain promissory notes issued in each of February, March, and April 2022. Interest expense of $424 thousand and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively was also incurred under the NYDIG facility. The Company did not incur any material interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Loss on Debt Extinguishment and Revaluation: For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company entered into the Addendum and Addendum Amendment in which per guidance in ASC 470, were treated as a debt extinguishment in our condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company incurred a loss on the fair value valuation of approximately $12.3 million. The Company did not incur a loss on debt for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021. See Note 8.
Loss on Sale of Fixed Assets: The Company incurred a $1.0 million and $2.6 million loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, in connection with the disposal and sale of miners and equipment with a net book value of approximately $3.3 million and $5.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, which the Company received net proceeds of $2.35 million and $2.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. There were no such disposals or sale of miners or equipment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Income Tax Benefit (Expense) from Continuing Operations: Income tax benefit from continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $547 thousand and $1.3 million, respectively, compared to an income tax expense from continuing operations of $0 and $3 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The increase in income tax benefit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was related to deferred tax amortization impact of acquiring an asset in a transaction that is not a business combination when the amount paid exceeds the tax basis on the acquisition date. As such, the Company is required to adjust the value of the strategic contract pipeline by approximately $10.9 million at inception date on (October 29, 2021), which was recorded as a deferred tax liability. This amount will be amortized over the life of the asset. For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company amortized $547 thousand and $1.6 million, respectively. Income tax benefit from continuing operations was offset by a $295 thousand deferred tax expense incurred in the second quarter of 2022 related to increasing the Company’s valuation allowance associated with the deferred tax asset.
Net Loss from Continuing Operations: Net loss from continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $56.1 million and $79.4 million, respectively, compared to net loss from continuing operations of $933 thousand and $3.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The increase in loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 were the result of the factors noted above, including expenses not incurred in the prior year period, such as amortization expense for the strategic pipeline contract intangible, depreciation on miners installed, impairments on fixed assets, and revaluation of debt and interest costs, utilities operating in the Company’s two facilities in Kentucky, and noncash compensation expense related to equity awards, partially offset by increases in cryptocurrency mining revenue and data hosting revenue.
Net Income from Discontinued Operations: As of September 30, 2022, the Company’s MTI Instruments business was reported as discontinued operations up to the date of the sale on April 11, 2022. Net loss from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $21 thousand compared to net income of $323 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2021 The $21 thousand loss for the third quarter of 2022 related to a net working capital adjustment for the gain on sale. For the nine months ended, the Company’s net income from discontinued operations was $7.7 million compared to $500 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. This was primarily due to the $7.6 million gain on the sale of MTI Instruments offset with MTI Instruments only having ten days of operations prior to the sale on April 11, 2022, in addition to fewer sales of higher margin products, incurred a loss for the ten days in April, compared to a period of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
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Consolidated Net Loss: Consolidated net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $56.1 million and $71.6 million, respectively, compared to consolidated net loss of approximately $610 thousand and $2.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, primarily as a result of the factors noted above as related to net loss from continuing operations, as the Company continues to grow and build out their operations for the future.
Net Loss attributable to non-controlling interest: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $272 thousand in relation to the Company’s DVSL entity. There was no comparable balance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Non-GAAP Measures
In addition to financial measures calculated in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), we also use “Adjusted EBITDA.” Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure defined as net income (loss) from continuing operations before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) adjusted to eliminate the effects of certain non-cash, non-recurring items, that do not reflect our ongoing strategic business operations. Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA results in a performance measurement that represents a key indicator of the Company’s business operations of cryptocurrency mining.
We believe Adjusted EBITDA can be an important financial measure because it allows management, investors, and the Board to evaluate and compare our operating results, including our return on capital and operating efficiencies, from period-to-period by making such adjustments. Non-GAAP financial measures are subject to material limitations as they are not in accordance with, or a substitute for, measurements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. For example, we expect that stock-based compensation costs, which is excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures, will continue to be a significant recurring expense over the coming years and is an important part of the compensation provided to certain employees, officers, and directors. Similarly, we expect that depreciation and amortization of fixed assets will continue to be a recurring expense over the term of the useful life of the assets.
Adjusted EBITDA is provided in addition to, and should not be considered to be a substitute for, or superior to net income, the comparable measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Further, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to revenue growth, net income, diluted earnings per share or any other performance measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider such measures either in isolation or as substitutes for analyzing our results as reported under U.S. GAAP.
Reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA to net income from continuing operations, the most comparable U.S. GAAP financial metric, for historical periods are presented in the table below:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | $ | (56,143 | ) | $ | (933 | ) | $ | (79,379 | ) | $ | (2,952 | ) | ||||
| Interest expense | 1,671 | — | 7,856 | — | ||||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense | (547 | ) | — | (1,344 | ) | 3 | ||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 8,388 | 157 | 22,999 | 381 | ||||||||||||
| EBITDA | (46,631 | ) | (776 | ) | (49,868 | ) | (2,568 | ) | ||||||||
| Adjustments: Non-cash items | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation costs | 890 | 334 | 2,869 | 1,422 | ||||||||||||
| Loss on sale of fixed assets | 988 | — | 2,606 | — | ||||||||||||
| Loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation | 12,317 | — | 12,317 | — | ||||||||||||
| Impairment of equity investment | 750 | — | 750 | — | ||||||||||||
| Impairment on fixed assets | 28,086 | — | 28,836 | — | ||||||||||||
| Adjustments: Non-recurring items | ||||||||||||||||
| Exchange registration expenses | — | — | — | 293 | ||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (3,600 | ) | $ | (442 | ) | $ | (2,490 | ) | $ | (853 | ) | ||||
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Stock-based compensation costs were approximately $635 thousand and $2.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to approximately $130 thousand and $280 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, related to grants of restricted stock units to members of the Board and employees, and approximately $200 thousand and $765 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to approximately $200 thousand and $1.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, related to grants of stock options. Stock-based compensation costs to consultants were $53 thousand and $121 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $0 and $49 thousand and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
The exchange registration expenses related to non-recurring expenses of approximately $189 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 associated with the Company’s reincorporation in Nevada in March 2021 and the related special meeting of stockholders we held on March 25, 2021 to approve the reincorporation and the adoption of the 2021 Stock Incentive Plan. In addition, the Company incurred approximately $104 thousand in fees related to the initial listing of its common stock on Nasdaq and associated legal expenses in connection with the Company’s initial listing and registration matters for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. There were no comparable exchange registration expenses related for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Several key indicators of our liquidity are summarized in the following table:
| (Dollars in thousands) | Nine Months Ended or As of | Nine Months Ended or As of | Year Ended or As of | |||||||||
| September 30, | September 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2021 | ||||||||||
| Cash | $ | 1,083 | $ | 15,817 | $ | 10,258 | ||||||
| Working capital | (21,427 | ) | 18,322 | 9,299 | ||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | (79,379 | ) | (2,952 | ) | (6,388 | ) | ||||||
| Net income from discontinued operations | 7,751 | 500 | 1,127 | |||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (5,121 | ) | 2,381 | 4,635 | ||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities- discontinued operations | 369 | 496 | 917 | |||||||||
| Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (61,867 | ) | (17,632 | ) | (45,792 | ) | ||||||
| Cash dividends distributed on preferred stock | (3,852 | ) | (176 | ) | (630 | ) | ||||||
The Company has historically incurred significant losses primarily due to our past efforts to fund direct methanol fuel cell product development and commercialization programs, and most recently with the Company’s operations in cryptocurrency mining. The Company had a consolidated accumulated deficit of approximately $194.4 million as of September 30, 2022. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had negative working capital of approximately $21.4 million, a line of credit outstanding of $650 thousand, $13.3 million outstanding in notes payable that may be converted to common stock, and received additional equipment financing for up to $14.6 million, of which $6.5 million was a current liability. The Company had outstanding commitments as of September 30, 2022 related to SCI for $0.9 million in capital expenditures, and approximately $1.1 million of cash available to fund its operations.
Based on business developments, including changes in production levels, staffing requirements, and network infrastructure improvements, we will require additional capital equipment in the foreseeable future. With the Company’s shift in focus of the business, and the sale of the MTI Instruments business that occurred in April 2022, the Company has now exited the instrumentation business and is focused on developing and monetizing green, zero-carbon computing and cryptocurrency mining facilities.
As we have done historically, we expect to continue funding operations from our current cash position and our projected 2022 cash flows pursuant to management’s plans. If necessary, we may also seek to supplement our resources by increasing credit facilities to fund operational working capital and capital expenditure requirements. We expect to fund growth (additional cryptocurrency mining facilities and miners) through capital raise activities, to the extent that we can successfully raise capital through sales of additional debt or equity securities. Any additional financing, if required, may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all.
As shown in the accompanying financial statements, the Company did not generate sufficient revenue to generate net income and has negative working capital as of September 30, 2022. In addition, the Company has seen a decline in the price of Bitcoin, which could have material and negative impacts to our operations. These factors, among others, may indicate that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after issuance of the financial statements as of September 30, 2022, or November 14, 2022.
Further, various macroeconomic factors could adversely affect our business and the results of our operations and financial condition, including changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions. For instance, inflation could negatively impact the Company by increasing our labor costs, through higher wages and higher interest rates. If inflation or other factors were to significantly increase our business costs, our ability to develop our current projects may be negatively affected. Interest rates, the liquidity of the credit markets and the volatility of the capital markets could also affect the operation of our business and our ability to raise capital in order to fund our operations. If our revenue estimates are off either in timing or amount, or if cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy the operational working capital and capital expenditure requirements, the Company plans to implement additional steps to ensure liquidity including, but not limited to, the deferral of planned capital spending and/or delaying existing or pending product development initiatives, or the Company may be required to obtain credit facilities or other loans, if available, to fund these initiatives. However, the Company is actively monitoring this situation and the possible effects on our financial condition, liquidity, operations, suppliers, and the industry.
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Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations was approximately $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Cash was used in operations by a net loss from continuing operations of $79.4 million, less non-cash items of $75.9 million, consisting primarily of $23.0 million of amortization and depreciation expense for the year for the intangible asset acquired in 2021 and significant additions in fixed assets, approximately $2.8 million in stock-based compensation expense, $2.6 million in loss on sale of fixed assets, $28.8 million in impairment of fixed assets, $750 thousand for impairment on equity investment, $12.3 million on loss on debt extinguishment and revaluation, and $6.7 million for amortization on deferred financing costs and discount on notes payables issued during the year, offset with $1.3 million in deferred income tax benefits. The change in asset and liabilities of $1.6 million consisted primarily of an increase in accounts receivable of $1.5 million, with other incremental adjustments for the other asset and liability accounts.
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations was $2.4 million thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Cash was consumed from operations by a net loss of $3.0 million, less $381 thousand of depreciation, $1.4 million of stock-based compensation expense, and $121 thousand for amortization of the Company’s operating lease assets. The change in assets and liabilities of $4.0 million was mainly due to increases of accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $4.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, offset by an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets and other long-term assets of $1.4 million.
Net cash provided by operating activities from discontinued operations was $369 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $4 thousand for net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The relative changes in assets and liabilities were comparable between the two periods.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $53.0 million compared to 23.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we had $61.9 million worth of capital expenditures, less a net change in deposits on equipment of $6.4 million, and $2.5 million in proceeds from the sale of equipment. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we had $17.6 million in capital expenditures and $5.6 million additions for net change in deposits on equipment.
Net cash provided by investing activities from discontinued operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $9.0 million compared to net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations of $37 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The change represented the net cash proceeds from the sale of MTI Instruments of $9.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $39.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which consisted primarily of $14.7 million in net proceeds from the sale of Series A and Series B Preferred Stock and $23.4 million in net proceeds from notes and short-term debt issuances. Proceeds of $779 thousand were also received in relation to common stock warrant exercises. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company made cash dividend payments of approximately $3.8 million to holders of its Series A Preferred Stock. Also, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company had a contribution of $4.3 million from its non-controlling interest in DVSL. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s net cash provided by financing activities of $33.6 million consisted of primarily of $15.4 million of net proceeds from a common stock capital raise in April 2021 and $18.3 million of net proceeds from preferred stock capital raises in August and December 2021.
On June 9, 2022, we entered into an At-the-Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Univest Securities, LLC (“Univest”) pursuant to which we may sell, at our option, up to an aggregate of $10 million in shares of Series A Preferred Stock, with a $25.00 liquidation preference per share (the “ATM Shares”) through Univest, as sales agent. Sales of the ATM Shares made pursuant to the Sales Agreement, if any, will be made under the Company’s previously filed and currently effective shelf Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-261427) and related prospectus supplement thereto. Prior to any sales under the Sales Agreement, the Company will deliver a placement notice to Univest that will set the parameters for such sale of the ATM Shares, including the number of ATM Shares to be sold, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, any limitation on the number of ATM Shares that may be sold in any one trading day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, Univest may sell the ATM Shares, if any, only by methods deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) including, without limitation, sales made directly through the Nasdaq or any other trading market on which the ATM Shares are listed or quoted or to or through a market maker. In addition, subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, with the Company’s prior written consent, Univest may also sell ATM Shares by any other method permitted by law, or as may be required by the rules and regulations of Nasdaq or such other trading market on which the Company’s common stock is listed or quoted, including, but not limited to, in negotiated transactions. Univest will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the ATM Shares in accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement and any applicable placement notice. The Company cannot provide any assurances that Univest will sell any ATM Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement. No ATM Shares have been sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement as of September 30, 2022.
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Debt
On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a $1.0 million unsecured line of credit with KeyBank, that will, among other things, allow the Company to request loans and to use the proceeds of such loans for working capital and other general corporate purposes. The line of credit bears interest at a rate of Prime + 0.75% per annum (6.25% interest rate as of September 30, 2022). Accrued interest is due monthly and principal is due in full following KeyBank’s demand. As of December 31, 2021, the entire line of credit of $1.0 million was drawn and outstanding. As of September 30, 2022, $350 thousand of the line has been paid down; therefore $650 thousand of the line of credit remains outstanding. The Company has been repaying a weekly $25 thousand of principal on the KeyBank facility each week since the beginning of September 2022. The Company does not plan to draw down on the line of credit in the foreseeable future. In addition, future drawdown may require pre-approval by KeyBank.
On October 25, 2021, the Company issued to certain institution investors secured convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $16.3 million for an aggregate purchase price of $15.0 million. The notes are convertible, subject to certain conditions, at any time at the option of the investors, into an aggregate of 1,776,073 shares of the Company’s common stock. On July 19, 2022, the Company entered into the Addendum with the Noteholders to amend the terms the October Secured Notes. Pursuant to the Addendum, a portion of the October Secured Notes would be converted and may be redeemed in three tranches, with each tranche of $1,100,000 required to be converted into common stock in each case at the then in effect conversion price of the October Secured Notes, with such price, prior to each conversion, to be reduced (but not increased) to a 20% discount to the 5-day VWAP of the Company’s common stock. In addition, the Noteholders may require the Company to redeem up to $2,200,000 worth of October Secured Notes in connection with each tranche at a rate of $1.20 for every $1.00 owed, less the amount of October Secured Notes converted during such tranche, not including the required conversion amount if the Noteholders are unable to convert out of such amount of the October Secured Notes in each tranche. The Company is also required to deposit up to $1,950,000 in an escrow account in connection with each tranche to satisfy any redemptions, except with respect to the first tranche as provided in the Addendum Amendment. The Addendum also provides the right for the Company to pause the commencement of the conversion of the second and third tranches each for 45 days in the event the Company pursues an equity financing. On September 13, 2022, the Company entered into the Addendum Amendment with the Noteholders to amend the terms to extend the maturity date to April 15, 2023 and increase the principal amount of the October Secured Notes by approximately $520 thousand for a total outstanding principal amount of approximately $13 million.
On January 14, 2022, the Company effected an initial drawdown under the Master Equipment Finance Agreement with NYDIG in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $4.6 million that bore interest at 14%. On January 26, 2022, the Company had a subsequent drawdown of $9.6 million. Refer to Footnote 8 for the breakout of current and long term portion outstanding as of September 30, 2022.
On May 3, 2022, SCI entered into the Contribution Agreement with Spring Lane, pursuant to which Spring Lane agreed, pursuant to the terms and conditions of such agreement, to the Spring Lane Commitment. We anticipate that these capital contributions, once deployed into the projects, will help develop three behind-the-meter (BTM) projects designed to convert wasted renewable energy into clean computing services such as bitcoin mining and artificial intelligence. The Contribution Agreement outlines the framework for the Spring Lane Commitment; however, neither we nor Spring Lane are obligated to complete any projects under such agreement and any actual capital contributions are subject to various conditions precedent, including the receipt of requisite lender and other consents, acceptance by Spring Lane of specific projects and negotiations of agreements regarding those projects, including milestones and structure. In partial consideration of the amendment to the October notes discussed above, the investors agreed to release certain collateral covered by their security agreement to permit the Company to proceed forward with the initial phase of Project Dorothy, which we expect to be partially funded by Spring Lane, which the Company expects to complete in the near future. On August 5, 2022, the Company entered into the Dorothy Contribution Agreement with Spring Lane for an initial funding of up to $12.5 million for Project Dorothy.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates
The above discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Note 2, Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report includes a summary of our most significant accounting policies. There have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies previously disclosed in our Annual Report. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosure of assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, income taxes, fair value measurements, and stock-based compensation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Periodically, our management reviews our critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of the Board.
Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Any statements contained in this Form 10-Q that are not statements of historical fact may be forward-looking statements. When we use the words “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plans,” “projects,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expects,” “management believes,” “we believe,” “we intend,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “will” and similar words or phrases, we are identifying forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:
| ● | management’s strategy and planned initiatives, including anticipated growth; |
| ● | our ability to continue as a going concern; |
| ● | conditions in the energy or cryptocurrency industries; |
| ● | future capital expenditures and spending on research and development; |
| ● | our ability to develop and utilize new products and technologies that address the needs of our customers; |
| ● | our realization of income tax benefits in future years; |
| ● | expected funding of future cash expenditures; |
| ● | our expectations with respect to pending legal proceedings; |
| ● | our expected operations and any adverse impacts on our business, operating results and financial condition; |
| ● | failure of our strategic alliances to achieve their objectives or perform as contemplated and the risk of cancellation or early termination of such alliance by either party; |
| ● | our expectations regarding increases in certain general and administrative expenses; |
| ● | potential dispositions or acquisitions; |
| ● | our issuance of additional preferred equity or debt securities, particularly in connection with growth or acquisition activities; |
| ● | the expected impact of pending accounting updates; |
| ● | general economic conditions and the uncertainty of the U.S. and global economy, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and its continuing effects, the impact of recent inflation globally, and the foreign and domestic government sanctions imposed on Russia as a result of their invasion of Ukraine and effects on the global economy; |
| ● | anticipated cryptocurrency mining facility plans and operations; |
| ● | fluctuating valuations of cryptocurrency; and |
| ● | other factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in this report and in our Annual Report. |
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Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions, or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.
Known Trends, Events and Uncertainties
We expect our revenues to comprise a combination of: (i) block rewards in Bitcoin, which are fixed rewards programmed into the Bitcoin software that are awarded to a miner or a group of miners for solving the cryptographic problem required to create a new block on a given blockchain and (ii) transaction fees in Bitcoin, which are flexible fees earned for verifying transactions in support of the blockchain.
Block rewards are fixed and the Bitcoin network is designed to periodically reduce them through halving. Currently the block rewards are fixed at 6.25 Bitcoin per block, and it is estimated that it will halve again to 3.125 Bitcoin in March 2024.
Bitcoin miners also collect transaction fees for each transaction they confirm. Miners validate unconfirmed transactions by adding the previously unconfirmed transactions to new blocks in the blockchain. Miners are not forced to confirm any specific transaction, but they are economically incentivized to confirm valid transactions as a means of collecting fees. Miners have historically accepted relatively low transaction confirmation fees, because miners have a very low marginal cost of validating unconfirmed transactions; however, unlike the fixed block rewards, transaction fees may vary, depending on the consensus set within the network.
As the use of the Bitcoin network expands and the total number of Bitcoin available to mine and, thus, the block rewards, declines over time, we expect the mining incentive structure to transition to a higher reliance on transaction confirmation fees, and the transaction fees to become a larger proportion of the revenues to miners.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Economic Conditions
In response to the COVID-19 global pandemic, the Company has implemented procedures to support flexible working arrangements for our workforce based on business needs. While these measures have been necessary and appropriate, they may result in additional costs and may adversely impact the Company’s business and financial performance. As the Company’s response to the pandemic evolves, the Company may incur additional costs and will potentially experience adverse impacts to our business, each of which are uncertain at this time.
Further, various macroeconomic factors could adversely affect our business and the results of our operations and financial condition, including changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions. For instance, the continuing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine and inflation have caused an unstable economic environment globally, which could negatively impact the Company by increasing our labor costs, through higher wages and higher interest rates, among others. If inflation or other factors were to significantly increase our business costs, our ability to develop our current projects may be negatively affected. Interest rates, the liquidity of the credit markets and the volatility of the capital markets could also affect the operation of our business and our ability to raise capital in order to fund our operations.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not applicable.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
The certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officers are attached as Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, in paragraph 4 of such certification, information concerning our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. Such certification should be read in conjunction with the information contained in this Item 4 for a more complete understanding of the matters covered by such certification.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2022. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. We recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and we necessarily apply our judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective at the reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2022, due to the following material weakness:
| ● | During the quarter ended September 30, 2022 the Company incurred a debt amendment towards the end of the quarter. The Company performed accounting analysis to record this transaction. However, due to the complexity and timing of this transaction, additional material adjustment was identified, recorded and reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements later during the quarterly review. |
Notwithstanding the existence of this material weakness, management has concluded that the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2022 are fairly stated in all material respects in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
Remediation:
Our Board of Directors and management take internal control over financial reporting and the integrity of our financial statements seriously. Management continues to work to improve its controls related to our material weaknesses. The remediation actions include: (i) enhancing design and documentation related to complex transactions and control activities, and (ii) developing robust review procedures to ensure the proper recording and reporting the complex transactions, specifically for those incurred at the end of reporting periods due to the limited time available for analyzing, processing, recording and reporting. To achieve the timely implementation of the above, management has commenced the following actions and will continue to assess additional opportunities for remediation on an ongoing basis:
| ● | Implementing more robust policies and procedures, relating to complex transactions and assessments, to ensure the reliability of controls and financial reporting | |
| ● | Engaging consultants and third-party specialists to ensure that all entries recorded in regards to complex transactions align to accounting guidance and align to expectations on the condensed financial statements. |
We cannot provide any assurance that these remediation efforts will be successful or that our internal control over financial reporting will be effective as a result of these efforts. In addition, we continue to evaluate and work to improve our internal control over financial reporting related to the identified material weakness, management may determine to take additional measures to address control deficiencies or determine to modify the remediation plan described above.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We are taking the remedial actions described above and expect to implement them prior to December 31, 2022. Other than the changes for our control procedures around complex transactions in which we plan to remediate above, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act, during our fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
At any point in time, we may be involved in various lawsuits or other legal proceedings. Such lawsuits could arise from the sale of products or services or from other matters relating to our regular business activities, compliance with various governmental regulations and requirements, or other transactions or circumstances.
We have been named as a party in the December 19, 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) Demand Letter regarding the Malta Rocket Fuel Area Superfund Site (“Site”) located in Malta and Stillwater, New York, in connection with an alleged release of hazardous materials into the environment. The EPA is seeking reimbursement of response costs from all named parties in the amount of approximately $358 thousand plus interest in connection with the investigation and disposal activities associated with the various drum caches discovered at the Site, issuance of the Explanation of Significant Differences (“ESD”) of the Site, and implementation of the work contemplated by the ESD. We consider the likelihood of a material adverse outcome with respect to this matter to be remote and do not currently anticipate that any expense or liability that we may incur as a result of this matter in the future will be material to the Company’s business or financial condition. Further, we are not presently involved in any other litigation that we believe is likely, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Part II, Item 1A (Risk Factors) of our Annual Report sets forth information relating to important risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. Except to the extent that information disclosed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relates to such risk factors (including, without limitation, the matters described in Part I, Item 2 (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Statement Concerning Forward Looking Statements) and as set forth below, there have been no material changes to our risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report. Those risk factors continue to be relevant to an understanding of our business, financial condition and operating results, however, and, accordingly, you should review and consider such risk factors in making any investment decision with respect to our securities.
Risks Related to Our Business
Our inability or failure to access power sources to provide adequate energy to our facilities and operations would materially impact our operations.
Our cryptocurrency mining operations require significant amounts of energy, and the lack of a power supply agreement and inability to access power sources could result in our inability to obtain adequate power needed for our cryptocurrency mining operations. Unless and until we were able to obtain such power directly from power suppliers, such would result in a significant interruption to our business. We may also incur significant costs associated with negotiating and entering into power supply agreements to provide power to our facilities, and with setting up corresponding infrastructure to receive such power directly. Further, there can be no assurances that we would be able to enter into power supply agreements with power suppliers, or negotiate power supply agreements on favorable terms to us.
We may undertake cost-reduction initiatives to reduce our expenses and to better align our expenses with our business.
In order to reduce our expenses and better align our expenses with our business, we may take one or more measures, including but not limited to, a reduction in personnel, restructuring initiatives and a reduction in other expenditures. These expense reduction measures may yield unintended consequences and costs, such as the loss of institutional knowledge and expertise, attrition beyond our intended reduction-in-force, lowered morale among our remaining employees, and the risk that we may not achieve the anticipated benefits of such cost-saving measures, all of which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. We may also discover that the reductions in workforce and other cost-cutting measures may make it difficult for us to pursue new opportunities and initiatives and require us to hire qualified replacement personnel, which may require us to incur additional and unanticipated costs and expenses. There can be no assurances that any cost-saving initiatives we may take will be successful in reducing our expenses.
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Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
Our obligations under the October Secured Notes are secured by substantially all of our assets, and if we default on those obligations, the holders of the October Secured Notes could foreclose on our assets. As a result of these security interests, such assets would only be available to satisfy claims of our general creditors or to holders of our equity securities if we were to become insolvent at a time when the value of such assets exceeded the amount of our indebtedness and other obligations.
On October 20, 2021, we entered into the October SPA with the Noteholders, and issued, upon closing of the offering on October 25, 2021, the October Secured Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $16,304,348 for an aggregate purchase price of $15 million to the Noteholders. The Noteholders have a security interest in substantially all of our assets pursuant to the October Secured Notes. As a result, if we default under our obligations to the Noteholders, the Noteholders could foreclose on their security interests and liquidate some or all of these assets, which would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. The outstanding principal amount of the October Secured Notes as of November 9, 2022, was $13,006,022.
In the event of a default, the Noteholders would have a prior right to substantially all of our assets to the exclusion of our general creditors. In that event, our assets would first be used to repay in full all indebtedness and other obligations secured by the Noteholders, resulting in all or a portion of our assets being unavailable to satisfy the claims of any unsecured indebtedness. Only after satisfying the claims of any unsecured creditors would any amount be available for our equity holders. These events of default include, among other things, our failure to pay any amounts due under the October Secured Notes and the October SPA, including any amendments thereto, a breach of covenants or obligations under the October Secured Notes and the October SPA, our insolvency, a material adverse effect occurring, the occurrence of certain defaults under certain other indebtedness or certain final judgments against us.
The pledge of these assets and other restrictions may limit our flexibility in raising capital for other purposes. Because substantially all of our assets are pledged under October Secured Notes, our ability to incur additional secured indebtedness or to sell or dispose of assets to raise capital may be impaired, which could have an adverse effect on our financial flexibility.
In addition, following an event of default under the October Secured Notes, the Noteholders will have the right to declare all outstanding borrowings under the October Secured Notes, together with accrued interest and other amounts payable thereunder, to be immediately due and payable in cash. If the debt under the October Secured Notes was to be accelerated, we cannot assure you that our assets would be sufficient to repay in full our debt.
Our outstanding debt obligations may adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to operate our business.
As of November 9, 2022, we had the principal balance remaining of approximately $13.0 million on the October Secured Notes, approximately $9.9 million under the Master Equipment Finance Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2021, as amended, by and between Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC, our indirect wholly owned subsidiary, and NYDIG as lender, servicer and collateral agent, and we had the principal balance remaining of $500,000 under an unsecured line of credit we entered into with KeyBank on September 15, 2021, of which accrued interest is due monthly, and principal is due in full following the lender’s demand. We have agreed to repay $25,000 of principal under the KeyBank facility each week. Under the NYDIG facility, we, through Soluna MC Borrowing 2021-1 LLC, are required to make average monthly principal and interest payments of approximately $730,000 on initial drawdown in aggregate principal amount of approximately $4.6 million bearing interest at 14%, and a subsequent drawdown of $9.6 million. Although we are currently in discussions with NYDIG to potentially modify the repayment schedule under the NYDIG Facility, and for the month of September 2022, made interest-only payments which has delayed our future monthly principal and interest payments by one month each, there is no assurance that we will be able to modify the repayment schedule under the NYDIG Facility. Pursuant to the terms of October Secured Notes, on April 25, 2023, the maturity date of the October Secured Notes, to the extent the October Secured Notes are not converted, the October Secured Notes are payable in full. Additionally, pursuant to the Addendum and the Addendum Amendment, we are required to hold certain funds in escrow for conversion or redemption of the October Secured Notes in tranches. We may be unable to repay the outstanding debt obligations. Such failure to repay the outstanding debt obligations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
The terms of our October Secured, the NYDIG facility and the KeyBank facility could have negative consequences to us, including but not limited to limiting our to obtain additional financing to fund working capital, operating losses, capital expenditures or acquisitions on terms acceptable to us, or at all, limiting the amount of cash we have to operate our business, reducing the number of authorized and unissued shares of our common stock available for issuance, including in subsequent equity financings, in the event the Noteholders elect to convert the October Secured Notes into common stock, and increasing our vulnerability to economic downturns and adverse developments in our industry or the economy in general.
Our ability to meet our expenses and debt obligations will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors. We will be unable to control many of these factors, such as economic conditions. We cannot be certain that we will continue to have sufficient capital to allow us to pay the principal and interest on our debt and meet any other obligations. If we do not have enough money to service our debt, we may be required, but unable to refinance all or part of our existing debt, sell assets, borrow money or raise equity on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and the lender could foreclose on its security interests and liquidate some or all of our assets.
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Risks Related to Our Financial Position, Capital Requirements and Financings
There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
As shown in the accompanying financial statements as of September 30, 2022, we did not generate sufficient revenue to generate net income, and have negative working capital as of September 30, 2022. In addition, we have seen a decline in the price of Bitcoin due its volatility, which could have material and negative impact to our operations. These factors, among others including, but not limited to the changes in inflation, interest rates and overall economic conditions, may indicate that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after issuance of the financial statements for the three months ended September 30, 2022, or November 14, 2022. If we are unable to meet our financial obligations, we could be forced to restructure or refinance, seek additional equity capital or sell our assets. We might then be unable to obtain such financing or capital or sell our assets on satisfactory terms. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to us when needed or, if available, that it can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. If we are not able to obtain the additional financing on a timely basis, if and when it is needed, we will be forced to delay or scale down some or all of our development activities or perhaps even cease the operation of our business.
Our outstanding notes, the terms of our preferred stock and certain of our warrants contain provisions that could limit our financing options and liquidity position or make it difficult to consummate public or private equity offerings, debt financings or corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements, which would limit our ability to grow our business.
Certain provisions in our outstanding notes, the certificates of designation for our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock and certain of our warrants impose operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions prohibit, make difficult, or limit our ability to, among other things:
● pay cash dividends to our stockholders, subject to various conditions;
● redeem or repurchase or otherwise acquire our common stock or other equity;
● sell, lease, license, lend or otherwise convey an interest in a material portion of our assets;
● sell or otherwise issue shares of our common stock or other capital stock, including in equity offerings, subject to certain limited exceptions.
Pursuant to the October SPA Agreement pursuant to which we issued the October Secured Notes, until the obligations are paid in full, the only financings we may pursue are certain equity financings, subject to pricing limitations and conditions. In addition, the securities purchase agreement contains a “most favored nation” provision. See “—Risks Related to Our Securities—Certain provisions in our debt instruments and Series B Certificate of Designations may require us to issue additional securities to the holders of such debt instruments and Series B Preferred Stock, which would dilute the interests of other security holders and may depress the market price of our securities.”
Moreover, the Series B Certificate of Designations and certain of our outstanding warrants contain conversion price or exercise price adjustments upon subsequent public offering of our securities, subject to certain conditions.
Additionally, failure to comply with the restrictions in our debt instruments could result in events of default, which, if not cured or waived, could result in us being required to repay the borrowings before their due date. If we are forced to refinance these borrowings on less favorable terms, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected by increased costs and rates.
These restrictions, as well as certain conversion price adjustments and other anti-dilution features of the Series B Preferred Stock, October Secured Notes and certain of our warrants, including but not limited to, the potential reset of conversion or exercise prices, as applicable, and “most favored nation” provisions, may limit our ability to obtain additional financing on favorable terms to us, or at all, or make it difficult to consummate public or private equity offerings, debt financings or corporate collaboration and licensing arrangements, which would limit our ability to grow our business or take advantage of certain business opportunities, all of which could have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
We will require additional capital to fund our operations. Failure to obtain this necessary capital if needed may force us to delay, limit, or terminate our business plans or our operations.
We are considering further increasing the processing power of our cryptocurrency mining operations as we seek to leverage our experience and expertise in this area of operations. To do so, however, we will need to raise additional capital by debt and/or equity financing, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. If we experience a significant and sustained drop in operating profits, or if there are unanticipated reductions in cash inflows or increases in cash outlays, we may be subject to cash shortfalls. Failure to generate adequate cash from our operations or find sources of funding would require us to scale back or curtail our operations or expansion efforts, including limiting our ability to expand the SCI cryptocurrency business to a larger-scale cryptocurrency mining operation, and would have an adverse impact on our business and financial condition.
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Raising additional capital through equity or convertible debt securities may cause dilution to your ownership interest in our securities.
We may continue to seek funds through equity or debt financings, collaborative or other arrangements with corporate sources, or through other sources of financing, and the price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable into our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share which you purchased our securities. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the issuance and sale of equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest in our securities may be diluted. The exercise or conversion of such securities into shares of common stock, or further shares issued, may result in further dilution to your ownership interest. Further, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans.
The price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable into our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share which you purchased our securities.
The terms of any financing arrangements we enter into may adversely affect the holdings or the rights of our stockholders and the issuance of additional securities by us, or the possibility of such issuance, may cause the market price of our shares to decline.
Certain of our agreements with investors and our outstanding warrants contain provisions that impose limitations on our ability to participate in certain variable rate transactions, including at-the-market transactions, which may limit our opportunities to obtain financing in sufficient amounts or on acceptable terms. The sale of additional equity or convertible debt securities would dilute all of our stockholders, and if such sales occur at a deemed issuance price that is lower than the current exercise price of certain of our outstanding warrants, the exercise price for those warrants would adjust downward to the deemed issuance price pursuant to price adjustment protection contained within those warrants.
The incurrence of indebtedness through credit facilities would result in increased fixed payment obligations and, potentially, the imposition of restrictive covenants. Those covenants may include limitations on our ability to incur additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends, and may impose limitations on our ability to acquire, sell, or license intellectual property rights and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business.
If we raise additional funds through collaborations, strategic alliances, or licensing arrangements or other marketing or distribution arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies or future revenue streams on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to expand our operations or otherwise capitalize on our business opportunities, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or commercialization efforts, or grant others rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.
Risks Related to Our Preferred Stock
We may not have sufficient cash from our operations to enable us to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock.
Although dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock are cumulative, our board of directors must approve the actual payment of the dividends. We will pay monthly dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock from funds legally available for such purpose when, as and if declared by the board of directors or any authorized committee thereof. The board of directors can elect at any time or from time to time, and for an indefinite duration, not to pay any or all accumulated dividends. The board of directors could do so for any reason. The amount of dividends we can pay depends upon the amount of cash we generate from and use in our operations, which may fluctuate significantly based on, among other things:
| ● | the level of our revenues and our results of operations; | |
| ● | prevailing global and regional economic and political conditions; | |
| ● | the effect of domestic and foreign governmental regulations on the conduct of our business; | |
| ● | our ability to service and refinance our current and future indebtedness; | |
| ● | our ability to raise additional funds through future offerings of securities to satisfy our capital needs; and | |
| ● | our ability to draw on our existing credit facilities and the ability of our lenders to perform their obligations under their agreements with us. |
In addition, if payment of dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock for any dividend period would cause us to fail to comply with any applicable law, including the requirement under the Nevada Revised Statutes (“NRS”) that dividends be paid out of surplus or net profits, we will not declare or pay a dividend for such dividend period. Our ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock may also be restricted or prohibited by the terms of any senior equity securities or indebtedness. The instruments governing the terms or future financings or refinancing of any borrowings may contain covenants that restrict our ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock places no restrictions on our ability to incur indebtedness with such restrictive covenants. In the event that the payment of a dividend on the Series A Preferred Stock would cause us to fail to comply with any applicable law or would be restricted or prohibited by the terms of any senior equity securities or indebtedness, holders of the Series A Preferred Stock will not be entitled to receive any dividend for that dividend period, and the unpaid dividend will cease to accrue or be payable.
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So long as any shares of Series A Preferred Stock remain outstanding, unless we have also either paid or declared and set part in full the payment for cumulative dividends on our Series A Preferred Stock for all past completed dividend periods, we may not declare or set apart for payment any dividends or make any distribution of cash or other property on our common stock or other capital stock ranking junior or on parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, including our Series B Preferred Stock. We may not have sufficient cash available to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred Stock when such dividends become payable which will in turn prohibit us from declaring or paying any cash dividend or other distribution to holders of shares of our Series B Preferred Stock.
The amount of cash that we will have available for dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock will not depend solely on our profitability.
The actual amount of cash that we will have available for dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock also depends on many factors, including, among others:
| ● | changes in our operating cash flow, capital expenditure requirements, working capital requirements and other cash needs; | |
| ● | restrictions under our existing or future credit, capital lease and operating lease facilities or any future debt securities; and | |
| ● | the amount of any reserves established by our board. |
The amount of cash that we generate from our operations may differ materially from our net income or loss for the period, which is affected by non-cash items, and the board in its discretion may elect not to declare any dividends. As a result of these and the other factors mentioned above, we may pay dividends during periods when we record losses and may not pay dividends during periods when we record net income.
Our ability to meet our obligations under the Series A Preferred Stock depends on the earnings and cash flows of our subsidiaries and the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or advance or repay funds to us.
We conduct all of our business operations through our subsidiaries. In servicing dividend payments to be made on the Series A Preferred Stock, we will rely on cash flows from these subsidiaries, mainly dividend payments and other distributions. The ability of these subsidiaries to make dividend payments to us will be affected by, among other factors, the obligations of these entities to their creditors, requirements of corporate and other law, and restrictions contained in agreements entered into by or relating to these entities.
We may incur additional indebtedness, which may impact our financial position, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock.
As of November 9, 2022, we had total indebtedness of approximately $23.4 million. We may incur additional indebtedness and become more highly leveraged, which may negatively impact our financial position, cash flow and ability to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock. Increases in our borrowing could affect our financial condition and make it more difficult for us to comply with the financial covenants governing our indebtedness.
While there are no restrictions under our current indebtedness on our ability to pay dividends to the holders of our preferred stock, our future indebtedness may restrict payments of dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred Stock.
The Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock represent perpetual equity interests.
The Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock represent perpetual equity interests in us and, unlike our indebtedness, will not give rise to a claim for payment of a principal amount at a particular date. As a result, holders of such shares of our preferred stock may be required to bear the financial risks of an investment in the shares of preferred stock for an indefinite period of time.
Additionally, if the Series A Preferred Stock is delisted from Nasdaq, the ability to transfer or sell shares of the Series A Preferred Stock may be limited and the market value of the Series A Preferred Stock will likely be materially adversely affected.
Dividends or other payments with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock may be subject to withholding taxes in circumstances where we are not obliged to make gross up payments, and this could result in holders receiving less than expected in such circumstances.
In the event of certain changes to current tax law that require tax to be withheld from dividends or other payments on the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, we are not required to make gross up payments in respect of such taxes. This would result in holders of Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock receiving less than expected and could materially adversely affect the return on such holders’ investment.
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Risks Related to Our Securities
Provisions of our corporate charter documents, bylaws and certain of our debt instruments may make an acquisition of us or a change in our management more difficult.
Provisions in our articles of incorporation, as amended (the “Articles of Incorporation”) and our bylaws (the “Bylaws”) may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control of us that our stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, thereby depressing the market price of our common stock. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors. Because our board of directors is responsible for appointing the members of our management team, these provisions could in turn affect any attempt by our stockholders to replace current members of our management team. Among others, these provisions include that:
| ● | allow the authorized number of directors to be changed by of our board of directors; | |
| ● | alter our bylaws without obtaining stockholder approval; | |
| ● | authorize the board of directors to amend the Bylaws; | |
| ● | limit who may call stockholder meetings; and | |
| ● | require the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote in order to amend certain provisions of our Articles of Incorporation. |
In addition, under the October Secured Notes, a consolidation, merger or transfer of all or substantially all of our assets or to effect a change in control of our ownership could constitute events of default, absent a waiver from the Noteholders. If such defaults were to occur absent a waiver, the holders of the October Secured Notes may elect to declare the outstanding principal amount due under the October Secured Notes, together with liquidated damages and other amounts payable thereunder, to become immediately due and payable in cash. Under the Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of our Series A Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on August 18, 2021, as amended (the “Series A Certificate of Designations”), upon a change of control, holders of our Series A Preferred Stock may also elect to convert all or some of their shares into shares of common stock.
Further, the concentration of ownership of our outstanding voting stock held by our directors and officers may delay, defer or prevent a change in control. As of November 9, 2022, our directors and executive officers held the current right to vote approximately 25.6% of the Company’s outstanding voting stock, and of this total, 21.4% was owned or controlled by Brookstone XXIV, for which Michael Toporek, our Chief Executive Officer, also serves as Managing General Partner. Our directors and executive officers also have the right to acquire additional shares of our common stock by exercising their equity awards under our equity compensation plans, which could increase their voting percentage significantly. As a result, Mr. Toporek acting alone, and/or many of our officers and directors acting together may have the ability to exert significant control over our decisions and control our management and affairs, including delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving us; or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us.
Additionally, we have a classified board of directors, which means that at least two stockholder meetings, instead of one, will be required to effect a change in the majority control of our board of directors. This applies to every election of directors, not just an election occurring after a change in control. The classification of our board increases the amount of time it takes to change majority control of our board of directors and may cause potential acquirers to lose interest in a potential purchase of us, regardless of whether our purchase would be beneficial to us or our stockholders. The additional time and cost to change a majority of the members of our board of directors makes it more difficult and may discourage our existing stockholders from seeking to change our existing management in order to change the strategic direction or our operational performance. As a result of these provisions in our corporate charter documents, bylaws and certain of our debt instruments, the price investors may be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock may be limited.
Certain provisions in our debt instruments and Series B Certificate of Designations may require us to issue additional securities to the holders of such debt instruments and Series B Preferred Stock, which would dilute the interests of other security holders and may depress the market price of our securities.
Pursuant to the October SPA and the MFN Provision thereunder, as long as any Noteholder holds any of the October Secured Notes with a principal amount in excess of $1,500,000, in the event that we issue or sell any common stock or common stock equivalents, if the Noteholder holding outstanding securities issued pursuant to the October 2021 Purchase Agreement reasonably believes that any of the terms and conditions of an offering by the Company of common stock or common stock equivalents are more favorable than the terms and conditions granted to the Noteholder pursuant to the October SPA, upon notice to us within five trading days after disclosure of such sale or issuance, we will amend the terms of the October SPA as to such Noteholder, only so as to give such Noteholder the benefit of such more favorable terms or conditions. In the event the Noteholder provides such notice and the terms of the October SPA are amended as to such Noteholder as a result of issuances of common stock or common stock equivalents, we may need to issue additional securities to such Noteholders, which could result in further dilution to our investors.
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To raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of common stock or other securities convertible exchangeable, or exercisable for shares of our common stock at prices and other terms that may be more favorable than the terms offered to the holders of the October Secured Notes. This may result in additional dilution to our stockholders and could afford our stockholders a smaller percentage interest in our voting power, liquidation value and aggregate book value. The existence of the MFN Provision may also make it more difficult for us to consummate future offerings of our securities at a time and a price that we deem appropriate and may trigger our obligation to obtain stockholder approval in connection with our future offerings under certain Nasdaq Listing Rules and related guidance.
Additionally, the Series B Certificate of Designations contains an anti-dilution provision which, at any time after the October Secured Notes have been fully redeemed, defeased or converted, subject to limited exceptions, would reduce the conversion price of the Series B Preferred Stock (and increase the number of shares common stock issuable upon such conversion) to 90% of the VWAP as reported on Nasdaq for the five consecutive trading days after the effective date of the registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of the shares of Series B Preferred Stock has been declared effective, and in the event we undertake a public offering of our common stock or common stock equivalents, upon the completion of the public offering, the conversion price shall be equal to 90% of the average VWAP reported on Nasdaq for the five consecutive trading days after the completion date of public offering. The shares of Series B Preferred Stock are initially convertible to 1,155,268 at a conversion price of $5.41 per share and the conversion price shall in no event be lower than $1.08 per share.
The shares of Series B Preferred Stock will not be convertible into shares of our common stock until the October Secured Notes have been either redeemed in full, defeased or converted. In the event that the average price of our common stock is below the conversion price of the Series B Preferred Stock at the time such shares may be converted, the number of shares of common stock issuable upon such conversion would increase, which would dilute the percentage ownership interest of all stockholders, increase the number of our publicly traded shares and may dilute the book value per share of our common stock, which could depress the market price of our securities regardless of our business performance.
Our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock have liquidation preferences that are senior to our common stock.
The payment due upon liquidation on the Series A Preferred Stock is fixed at the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid dividends thereon to the date of liquidation, whether or not declared. In addition, our Series B Preferred Stock ranks pari passu with our Series A Preferred Stock and upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up is entitled to the greater of the aggregate stated value of the Series B Preferred Stock or the amount the holder of the Series B Preferred Stock would be entitled to receive if the Series B Preferred Stock were fully converted to common stock, which amounts shall be paid on par with all shoulders of our common stock. In the event of our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive out of our assets that are legally available for distribution, prior to and in preference to distributions to the holders of our common stock or classes and series of securities of the Company which by their terms do not rank senior to the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, and either in preference to or pari passu with the holders of any other series of preferred stock that may be issued in the future that is expressly made senior or pari passu, as the case may be. After the payment of the liquidation preference to the holders of our Series A Preferred Stock and payment of the greater of the aggregate stated value of the Series B Preferred Stock or the amount the holder of the Series B Preferred Stock would be entitled to receive if such shares were converted into shares of common stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive our remaining assets in proportion to the respective number of shares held after payment of and reservation for our liabilities. There can be no assurance that we will have available assets to pay to the holders of common stock, or any amounts, upon such a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our business and you could lose some or all of your investment. The existence of the liquidation preferences may reduce the value of our common stock, make it harder for us to sell shares of common stock in offerings in the future, or prevent or delay a change of control.
There may be future sales of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or securities convertible into common stock, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock.
Subject to the terms of the October Secured Notes, the certificates of designations of our Series A and Series B Preferred Stock, our Articles of Incorporation and the NRS, we are not restricted from issuing additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or securities convertible into common stock. The market price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock could decline as a result of sales of Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, or securities convertible into common stock, or as a result of the perception that such sales could occur. Because our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of any future offerings. Thus, holders of our common stock and our Series A Preferred Stock bear the risk of our future offerings or sales, or the perception that such offerings or sales may occur, of our Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or securities convertible into common stock reducing the market price of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock and diluting their holdings. Future sales of our Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, or securities convertible into common stock could additionally result in further dilution to your shares of common stock or Series A Preferred Stock in the event such shares of preferred stock are converted into shares of common stock.
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We may incur additional indebtedness and obligations to pay dividends on our preferred stock, some of which may be senior to the rights of our common stock.
We may, subject to certain limitations, incur additional indebtedness and obligations to pay cumulative dividends on preferred stock, some of which may be senior to the rights of our common stock. Subject to certain limitations, the certificates of designations of our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock do not prohibit us or our subsidiaries from incurring additional indebtedness or issuing additional series of preferred stock. Any such indebtedness will in all cases be senior to the rights of holders of our common stock. We may also issue additional series of preferred stock that contain dividend rights and liquidation preferences that are senior to the rights of holders of our common stock. If we issue any additional preferred stock that ranks senior or pari passu with the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock, the holders of those shares will be entitled to a senior or ratable share with the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock in any proceeds distributed in connection with our insolvency, liquidation, reorganization or dissolution. This may have the effect of reducing the amount of proceeds paid to the holders of our common stock.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On August 25, 2022, the Company granted 3,250 shares of common stock to MZHCI, LLC at a price basis of $3.34 per share as partial compensation for consulting advisory services. The shares were granted pursuant to the Consultant Agreement dated as of May 25, 2022 by MZHCI, LLC and the Company. The shares were issued in reliance upon an exemption pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
On September 14, 2022, the Company granted 180,451 shares of common stock to Univest, at a price basis of $2.66 per share. These shares were granted pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement dated as of September 13, 2022 by Univest and the Company as partial compensation for Univest’s services as placement agent. The shares of common stock were issued in reliance upon the exemption from the registration requirements in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation D promulgated thereunder.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None
Item 6. Exhibits
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All other exhibits for which no other filing information is given are filed herewith.
* Submitted electronically herewith. Attached as Exhibit 101 are the following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) and tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021; and (iv) related notes.
** Filed herewith.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| Soluna Holdings, Inc. | ||
| Date: November 14, 2022 | By: | /s/ Michael Toporek |
| Michael Toporek Chief Executive Officer | ||
| By: | /s/ Philip Patman, Jr. | |
| Philip Patman, Jr. Chief Financial Officer | ||
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