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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Aug. 31, 2015
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income tax disclosure
INCOME TAXES

Income taxes for the three months ended August 31, 2015, included $1.1 million of discrete tax benefits, consisting principally of the following: (i) the reversal of unrecognized tax benefits and related interest of $0.7 million associated with the expiration of a statute of limitation in an international jurisdiction; and (ii) a $0.4 million benefit as a result of the adjustment of prior year tax accruals upon completion of the related tax return.

Income taxes for the nine months ended August 31, 2015, included $18.3 million of discrete tax benefits, consisting of the amounts described above as well as an additional $17.2 million of discrete tax benefits consisting principally of the following; (i) a reversal of a previously established valuation allowance on a foreign deferred tax asset of $8.6 million due to a change in facts that favorably impacted our assessment of the likely recoverability of that deferred tax asset; (ii) the reversals of unrecognized tax benefits and related interest of $6.8 million associated with expirations of statutes of limitations in the U.S. and international jurisdictions; and (iii) the remainder principally related to recognition of a 2014 research tax credit. A new law was enacted in the first quarter 2015 that retroactively granted the credit for our 2014 tax year. Other than the reversals previously described and additions for current year tax positions, there were no significant changes to unrecognized tax benefits during the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2015.
Income tax expense for the three months ended August 31, 2014 included discrete tax benefits of $6.2 million. The principal components of those discrete tax benefits recognized in the third quarter of 2014 included the following: (i) the reversal of international tax expense in the amount of $3.7 million related to fiscal 2013, initially recorded in the first quarter of 2014 as a result of a retroactive change in French tax law enacted in the first quarter of 2014, but reversed in the third quarter of 2014 when final legislative guidance on that retroactive French tax law was issued that allowed us to conclude this additional tax would no longer be required; (ii) a $1.4 million benefit as a result of the adjustment of prior year tax accruals upon completion of the related tax returns; and (iii) the reversal of previously provided reserves for uncertain tax benefits and related interest in the amount of $0.8 million, principally as a result of statute of limitation expirations.
Income tax expense for the nine months ended August 31, 2014 included discrete tax benefits of $5.5 million. The principal components of those discrete tax benefits recognized in the first nine months of 2014 included the following: (i) a $5.8 million benefit related to the reversal of previously provided reserves for uncertain tax benefits and related interest recognized in connection with our settlement with respect to the French taxing authority’s audits of the 2007-2013 tax years in the first quarter of 2014; (ii) a $1.4 million benefit as a result of the adjustment of prior year tax accruals upon completion of the related tax returns; (iii) the reversal of previously provided reserves for uncertain tax benefits and related interest in the amount of $0.8 million, principally as a result of statute of limitation expirations; less (iv) international tax expense of $2.2 million related to prior year adjustments agreed as part of the previously described French tax settlement.

As of August 31, 2015, we believe that the reasonably possible total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that could change in the next 12 months as a result of various statute expirations, audit closures, and/or tax settlement would not result in a change to unrecognized tax benefits that is material to our consolidated financial results.