Exhibit
Exhibit 1.01
Conflict Minerals Report
for the year ended December 31, 2017
The date of filing of this Conflict Minerals Report is May 29, 2018
I. Introduction
Unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “we,” “its,” “us,” and “our” refer to Masco Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries. The “Conflict Minerals Rule” means, collectively, Rule 13p-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Form SD. As used in this Conflict Minerals Report and consistent with the Conflict Minerals Rule, “Conflict Minerals” or “3TG” are defined as columbite-tantalite (coltan), cassiterite, gold, wolframite and the derivatives tantalum, tin and tungsten, without regard to their location of origin.
Masco Corporation has included this Conflict Minerals Report for the year ended December 31, 2017 as an exhibit to its Form SD pursuant to the Conflict Minerals Rule.
II. Applicability of the Conflict Minerals Rule to our Business
We are a global leader in the design, manufacture and distribution of branded home improvement and building products. We are subject to the Conflict Minerals Rule because a portion of the products that we manufacture or contract to manufacture contain 3TG that are necessary to the functionality or production of the products. Each of our in-scope products contains one or more of the 3TGs.
We do not directly source 3TG from mines, smelters or refiners, and we believe that we are, in most cases, many levels removed from, and have limited influence over, these market participants. However, through the efforts described in this Conflict Minerals Report, and as part of our reasonable country of origin inquiry and due diligence processes, we endeavored in good faith to determine if any of the 3TG necessary to the functionality or production of the products that we manufactured or contracted to manufacture originated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (“DRC”) or any adjoining country (as defined in the Conflict Minerals Rule) and, if so, whether they directly or indirectly financed or benefited an armed group (as defined in the Conflict Minerals Rule) in the DRC or an adjoining country.
III. Our Conflict Minerals Policy
We have adopted and communicated to our suppliers a Conflict Minerals policy for our company (the “Conflict Minerals Policy”). Our Conflict Minerals Policy is part of our Supplier Business Practices Policy, which is available at http://masco.com/suppliers-policy/. We do not incorporate the information contained on our website into this Conflict Minerals Report or the Form SD, and such information should not be considered part of this Conflict Minerals Report or our Form SD.
Our Conflict Minerals Policy states our expectations that our suppliers source 3TG from suppliers that meet the requirements of our Supplier Business Practices Policy, implement traceability measures for 3TG and provide us with all requested information, including information about all suppliers in their supply chains, so that we can comply with the Conflict Minerals Rule.
We do not support the embargoing of 3TG from the DRC region; we support continued responsible sourcing from the region.
IV. Reasonable Country of Origin Inquiry Information
As required by the Conflict Minerals Rule, we conducted a “reasonable country of origin inquiry” (“RCOI”) covering 2017.
We designed our RCOI in good faith to determine the origin of 3TG that are necessary to the functionality or production of products that we manufacture or contract to manufacture. To the extent applicable, for our RCOI, we utilized the same processes and procedures that we used for conducting our due diligence, particularly Steps 1 and 2 of the OECD Due Diligence Guidance (as defined below), which are described below in this Conflict Minerals Report. Our outreach included those suppliers that we identified as having provided us with components, parts or products that contain or may contain 3TG.
To identify and assess risk in our supply chain, we determined which of our products and vendors were potentially in-scope for purposes of the Conflict Minerals Rule through review of product specifications, bills of material, supplier inquiries and other relevant information. We used the Conflict Minerals Reporting Template (“CMRT”), developed by the Responsible Minerals Initiative (the “RMI”), formerly known as the Conflict-Free Sourcing Initiative, to identify smelters and refiners in our supply
chain, and we requested that our direct suppliers that provided us with components, parts or products containing, or that we believe may have contained, 3TG, submit information to us by completing the CMRT. The information requested included the usage and processing source of 3TG in each supplier’s components, parts and products, as well as information concerning the supplier’s related compliance efforts.
Pursuant to the Conflict Minerals Rule, based on the results of our RCOI, we were required to conduct due diligence for 2017. Our due diligence efforts are discussed below.
V. Design of Due Diligence Measures
We designed our due diligence measures relating to 3TG to conform, in all material respects, with the criteria set forth in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas, including the Supplement on Tin, Tantalum and Tungsten and the Supplement on Gold (Third Edition) (the “OECD Due Diligence Guidance”). As described in this section and below under “Due Diligence Program Execution,” our diligence process included all five steps of the OECD Due Diligence Guidance, as follows:
Step1: Establish strong company management systems
Step 2: Identify and assess risks in the supply chain
Step 3: Design and implement a strategy to respond to identified risks
Step 4: Carry out independent third-party audit of smelter/refiner’s due diligence practices
Step 5: Report annually on supply chain due diligence
VI. Due Diligence Program Execution
We performed the following due diligence measures for the 2017 reporting period, or continually perform such measures on an ongoing basis, corresponding with the steps in the OECD Due Diligence Guidance:
Step 1: Establish strong company management systems
We have a 3TG compliance team that includes individuals from the appropriate domestic and international business units and departments, including compliance, finance, procurement, sales, and legal. Leadership of the 3TG compliance team resides with our Director - Global Supply Chain Services. The team includes the involvement of other individuals in upper management roles, including our Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, our Vice President of Masco Operating System, and our Vice President, General Counsel, to ensure critical information, including the Company’s Conflict Minerals Policy, reaches relevant employees and suppliers.
We also retained a third-party information management service provider to complement our internal management processes (the “Service Provider”) and communicate with our suppliers regarding our Conflict Minerals Rule compliance. Certain of the procedures described in this Conflict Minerals Report were performed by the Service Provider on our behalf.
In addition, specialist outside counsel assisted with certain aspects of our compliance program.
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b. | Conflict Minerals Policy |
Our Conflict Minerals Policy, which is incorporated into our Supplier Business Practices Policy, is communicated both internally and externally to our direct suppliers. In addition, our Supplier Business Practices Policy is publicly available in multiple languages on our website.
Under our standard supplier contracts and purchase order terms and conditions, suppliers are required to comply with our Supplier Business Practices Policy. Because our Conflict Minerals Policy is part of our Supplier Business Practices Policy, our suppliers are therefore required to comply with it under our standard terms and conditions.
Our Supplier Business Practices Policy states that we encourage responsible sourcing and do not discourage suppliers from sourcing from the DRC region, to the extent that they are doing so responsibly.
c. Internal engagement
We trained our 3TG compliance team and other relevant internal personnel on the Conflict Minerals Rule, the OECD Due Diligence Guidance and our compliance plan, including the goals of our program and our reporting obligations as a supplier and a reporting company under the Exchange Act.
d. Supplier engagement
We furnish our direct suppliers with an overview of the Conflict Minerals Rule and other training materials. Certain of the overview materials have been translated into multiple languages. We also furnish our direct suppliers with the CMRT to gather information about the usage and processing sources of 3TG in their materials and products and related compliance efforts. In-person supplier trainings were conducted in Asia to educate a portion of our supply base on our Supplier Business Practices Policy, including the Conflict Mineral Rule, to help ensure the quality and completeness of the CMRTs received from our suppliers.
e. Records management
We have a formal records maintenance process under which we will maintain records relating to our conflict minerals program for five years, in accordance with the OECD Due Diligence Guidance recommended record retention guidelines.
Step 2: Identify and assess risks in our supply chain
a.Identified in-scope products
Our 3TG compliance team conducted a review of the products manufactured or contracted to be manufactured by us during the 2017 reporting period, to identify products that should be deemed in-scope, or potentially in-scope, for purposes of our supplier outreach and reporting.
b.Conducted RCOI
We utilized the industry-developed CMRT to survey our suppliers for conflict minerals information. We requested this information from the suppliers who provided materials or components for the products deemed in-scope, or potentially in-scope, by our 3TG compliance team. We then reviewed the completed responses and, where appropriate, followed up with suppliers that did not fully respond to our request or submitted a response that we believed to be inconclusive, incomplete or erroneous, or that triggered other specified quality control concerns. We then evaluated the responses from the CMRTs submitted by our suppliers to determine our reporting obligation, required due diligence and other appropriate follow up action. See Appendix A for a list of smelters and refiners and countries of origin identified through the RCOI process.
c.Completed additional follow-up
We contacted direct suppliers that did not respond to our request for conflict minerals information by the requested date and direct suppliers that did not provide complete responses. We also worked to clarify and validate the accuracy of information provided by our suppliers.
d.Smelter assessment and validation
To the extent that a completed response identified a smelter or refiner, we reviewed this information against the lists of “Conformant” and “Active” (as these terms are defined on AppendixA) smelters and refiners and country of origin information designated by the RMI’s Responsible Minerals Assurance Process (“RMAP”). The RMAP completes independent, third-party audits of smelters and refiners to determine which can be validated as having systems in place that ensure the minerals are responsibly sourced according to the OECD Due Diligence Guidance. To the extent that a smelter or refiner identified by a direct supplier was not indicated as Conformant, we consulted publicly available information to attempt to determine whether that smelter or refiner is known to
obtain 3TG from sources that directly or indirectly finance or benefit armed groups in the DRC or an adjoining country. We also cross-checked identified smelters and refiners against the lists published by the RMI, London Bullion Market Association (the “LBMA”), the Responsible Jewellery Council (the “RJC”) and the U.S. Department of Commerce. If an identified entity was not present on those lists, we or the Service Provider either attempted to contact the listed entity or contacted the RMI to determine whether that entity was a smelter or refiner.
Step 3: Design and implement a strategy to respond to identified risks
Our risk management plan included the following:
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a. | Designed and implemented a plan |
Our 3TG compliance team reported the findings of its supply chain risk assessment to senior management with oversight for our compliance program (as described earlier in this Conflicts Minerals Report). We reviewed these findings and developed steps to improve our due diligence process, as described below under “Steps to Improve Due Diligence.”
We followed up with suppliers who provided incomplete or inconsistent information to confirm the presence and source of 3TG and determine whether any additional compliance or risk mitigation steps should be taken. We also regularly followed up with suppliers who failed to respond to our request for information.
For risk mitigation, we used our risk rating criteria to evaluate each supplier based on the content and quality of the responses provided within its CMRT, as well as any additional documentation provided to support those responses. The resulting risk ratings are used to develop specific supplier outreach and training to address the identified risks and to take corrective actions with suppliers found not in compliance with our Conflict Minerals Policy. This flexible approach enables us to tailor the response to the risks identified.
We also conducted smelter assessment and validation as described above in this Step 2, under “Smelter assessment and validation.”
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b. | Smelter and refiner assessment, validation and improvement |
We utilized information made available by the RMI to its members to monitor smelter and refiner improvement. For smelters that were not Conformant, we sent a communication to encourage their participation in the RMAP.
Step 4: Carry out independent third-party audit of smelter/refiner's due diligence practices
We used and relied on information provided by the independent third-party audit programs of the RMI, LBMA and RJC to verify Conformant or equivalent status of the smelters and refiners identified during our due diligence. We are a member of the RMI and, as such, carry out and support third party audits of smelters and refiners through our membership.
Step 5: Report annually on supply chain due diligence
We file a Form SD, and to the extent applicable a Conflict Minerals Report, with the SEC and make them available on our website at http://investor.masco.com/investor-relations/financial-information/sec-filings/default.aspx.
VII. Product Information
Notwithstanding our due diligence efforts, due to the challenges of tracing a multi-tier supply chain, for 2017, we were unable to determine the origin of at least a portion of the 3TG contained in each of the products that we manufactured or contracted to manufacture to the extent that the 3TG were necessary to the functionality or production of the products. The in-scope product categories included the categories described below. However, not all of our products in each of these categories were in-scope for purposes of our compliance with the Conflict Minerals Rule.
Plumbing Products: Faucet, bathing and showering devices, including faucets, showerheads, handheld showers, valves; tub and shower systems, bath and shower enclosure units, shower trays and toilets; spas and exercise pools and systems; and brass and copper plumbing system components and other plumbing specialties.
Decorative Architectural Products: Cabinet, door and window hardware; and decorative bath hardware and shower accessories.
Cabinets Products: Cabinetry for kitchen, bath, storage, home office and home entertainment applications.
Windows and Other Specialty Products: Vinyl, fiberglass and aluminum windows and patio doors, windows and doors that combine a wood interior with a fiberglass exterior and composite and panel doors.
For a further discussion of these products, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. The information contained in our Form 10-K is not incorporated by reference into this Conflict Minerals Report or our Form SD and should not be considered part of this Conflict Minerals Report or our Form SD.
We have made efforts to determine the mine or location of origin of the necessary 3TG contained in our in-scope products by requesting that our direct suppliers provide us with a completed CMRT. Where a smelter or refiner was identified, we also reviewed information made available by the RMI to its members and publicly available information, in each case to the extent available, to try to determine the mine or location of origin.
The facilities listed in Appendix A have been identified by our direct suppliers as having processed the necessary 3TG contained in our products. The facilities listed in Appendix A may not be all of the smelters and refiners in our supply chain, since our direct suppliers did not identify the facilities that processed some of the necessary 3TG content contained in our in-scope products, and since we did not receive responses from all of our direct suppliers. In addition, not all of the included smelters and refiners may have processed the necessary 3TG contained in our in-scope products, since some suppliers may have reported to us smelters and refiners that were not in our supply chain, due to over-inclusiveness in the information received from their suppliers or for other reasons.
VIII. Steps to Improve Due Diligence
In addition to the due diligence steps that we took for the 2017 reporting period, which we intend to continue to take for the 2018 reporting period to the extent applicable, we will endeavor to improve our due diligence for the 2018 reporting period by:
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• | Continuing to conduct training to educate suppliers on our Supplier Business Practices Policy, which will include training on the Conflict Minerals Rule; |
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• | Continuing to segment our supplier base to direct our focus on those suppliers that we have determined to be in scope for purposes of the Conflict Mineral Rule; |
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• | Enhancing supplier outreach through communications in multiple languages; |
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• | Engaging with suppliers that provided incomplete responses or failed to respond to requests, to better ensure that they provide requested information for 2018; |
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• | Monitoring the progress of traceability measures at suppliers that indicated for 2017 that the source of 3TG was unknown or undeterminable; |
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• | Considering whether updates to the Conflict Minerals Policy are appropriate to help ensure alignment with market practice and advances in traceability; |
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• | Communicating to new suppliers our sourcing expectations, including by disseminating our Supplier Business Practices Policy to them; |
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• | Communicating to our suppliers that we do not support the embargoing of 3TG from the DRC region, but that we do support their responsible sourcing from the region; |
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• | Reviewing selected supplier policies to confirm that they do not provide for an embargo of 3TG from the DRC region; |
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• | Reaching out to suppliers suspected to be embargoing the DRC region; and |
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• | Encouraging suppliers to source, when practicable, from Conformant smelters and refiners that source from the DRC region. |
Appendix A
Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Appendix have the meanings indicated in our Conflict Minerals Report.
Smelter and Refiner and Country Location Information.
In connection with our reasonable country of origin inquiry and due diligence, as applicable, our suppliers identified to us the smelters and refiners listed below as having processed the necessary 3TG contained in our in-scope products for 2017. Our Conflict Minerals Report and the notes that accompany the table contain additional information concerning the information in the table.
Approximately 93% of the 92 identified smelters on this Appendix were listed as Conformant (as defined below).
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RMI Metal | RMI Standard Smelter Name | RMI Country | Status |
Gold | Allgemeine Gold-und Silberscheideanstalt A.G. | GERMANY | Conformant |
Gold | Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex (AMMC) | UZBEKISTAN | Conformant |
Gold | Asahi Refining Canada Ltd. | CANADA | Conformant |
Gold | Aurubis AG | GERMANY | Conformant |
Gold | Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Philippines) | PHILIPPINES | Conformant |
Gold | Caridad | MEXICO | Known |
Gold | Chugai Mining | JAPAN | Known |
Gold | Dowa | JAPAN | Conformant |
Gold | DSC (Do Sung Corporation) | KOREA | Conformant |
Gold | Great Wall Precious Metals Co., Ltd. of CBPM | CHINA | Known |
Gold | Heimerle + Meule GmbH | GERMANY | Conformant |
Gold | Heraeus Precious Metals GmbH & Co. KG | GERMANY | Conformant |
Gold | Ishifuku Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | JAPAN | Conformant |
Gold | Istanbul Gold Refinery | TURKEY | Conformant |
Gold | Japan Mint | JAPAN | Conformant |
Gold | JSC Ekaterinburg Non-Ferrous Metal Processing Plant | RUSSIAN FEDERATION | Conformant |
Gold | Kyrgyzaltyn JSC | KYRGYZSTAN | Conformant |
Gold | Materion | UNITED STATES | Conformant |
Gold | Metalor Technologies S.A. | SWITZERLAND | Conformant |
Gold | Metalor USA Refining Corporation | UNITED STATES | Conformant |
Gold | Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd. | JAPAN | Conformant |
Gold | Moscow Special Alloys Processing Plant | RUSSIAN FEDERATION | Conformant |
Gold | Nadir Metal Rafineri San. Ve Tic. A.S. | TURKEY | Conformant |
Gold | PAMP S.A. | SWITZERLAND | Conformant |
Gold | Prioksky Plant of Non-Ferrous Metals | RUSSIAN FEDERATION | Conformant |
Gold | PT Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Gold | Royal Canadian Mint | CANADA | Conformant |
Gold | Sabin Metal Corp. | UNITED STATES | Known |
Gold | Samwon Metals Corp. | KOREA | Known |
Gold | SOE Shyolkovsky Factory of Secondary Precious Metals | RUSSIAN FEDERATION | Conformant |
Gold | Solar Applied Materials Technology Corp. | TAIWAN | Conformant |
Gold | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | JAPAN | Conformant |
Gold | Torecom | KOREA | Conformant |
Gold | Umicore S.A. Business Unit Precious Metals Refining | BELGIUM | Conformant |
Gold | Zhongyuan Gold Smelter of Zhongjin Gold Corporation | CHINA | Conformant |
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Tantalum | Exotech Inc. | UNITED STATES | Conformant |
Tantalum | Guangdong Rising Rare Metals-EO Materials Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tantalum | Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd. | JAPAN | Conformant |
Tantalum | Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co., Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tantalum | RFH Tantalum Smeltery Co., Ltd./Yanling Jincheng Tantalum & Niobium Co., Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tantalum | Solikamsk Magnesium Works OAO | RUSSIAN FEDERATION | Conformant |
Tantalum | Ulba Metallurgical Plant JSC | KAZAKHSTAN | Conformant |
Tin | Alpha | UNITED STATES | Conformant |
Tin | China Tin Group Co., Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tin | CNMC (Guangxi) PGMA Co., Ltd. | CHINA | Known |
Tin | CV Ayi Jaya | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | CV Dua Sekawan | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | CV United Smelting | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | CV Venus Inti Perkasa | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | EM Vinto | BOLIVIA | Conformant |
Tin | Fenix Metals | POLAND | Conformant |
Tin | Gejiu Kai Meng Industry and Trade LLC | CHINA | Conformant |
Tin | Guangdong Hanhe Non-Ferrous Metal Co., Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tin | Jiangxi New Nanshan Technology Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tin | Malaysia Smelting Corporation (MSC) | MALAYSIA | Conformant |
Tin | Metallo Belgium N.V. | BELGIUM | Conformant |
Tin | Mineracao Taboca S.A. | BRAZIL | Conformant |
Tin | Minsur | PERU | Conformant |
Tin | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | JAPAN | Conformant |
Tin | Operaciones Metalurgical S.A. | BOLIVIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Aries Kencana Sejahtera | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Artha Cipta Langgeng | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT ATD Makmur Mandiri Jaya | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Babel Inti Perkasa | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Bangka Prima Tin | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Bangka Tin Industry | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Belitung Industri Sejahtera | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Bukit Timah | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT DS Jaya Abadi | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Eunindo Usaha Mandiri | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Inti Stania Prima | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Menara Cipta Mulia | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Mitra Stania Prima | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Panca Mega Persada | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Premium Tin Indonesia | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Prima Timah Utama | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Refined Bangka Tin | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Sariwiguna Binasentosa | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Stanindo Inti Perkasa | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Sukses Inti Makmur | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Sumber Jaya Indah | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Timah (Persero) Tbk Kundur | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Timah (Persero) Tbk Mentok | INDONESIA | Conformant |
Tin | PT Tinindo Inter Nusa | INDONESIA | Conformant |
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Tin | Rui Da Hung | TAIWAN | Conformant |
Tin | Thaisarco | THAILAND | Conformant |
Tin | White Solder Metalurgia e Mineracao Ltda. | BRAZIL | Conformant |
Tin | Yunnan Chengfeng Non-ferrous Metals Co., Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tin | Yunnan Tin Company Limited | CHINA | Conformant |
Tungsten | Fujian Jinxin Tungsten Co., Ltd. | CHINA | Conformant |
Tungsten | Kennametal Huntsville | UNITED STATES | Conformant |
Tungsten | Wolfram Bergbau und Hutten AG | AUSTRIA | Conformant |
We note the following in connection with the information in the table:
(a) All information in the table is as of April 23, 2018.
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(b) | “Conformant” means that the smelter or refiner was listed as conformant with the RMI’s RMAP assessment protocols, including through mutual recognition and those listed as “Re-audit in progress.” Included smelters or refiners were not necessarily Conformant for all or part of 2017 and may not continue to be Conformant for any future period. |
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(c) | “Active” is an RMAP designation that means that the smelter or refiner is a participant in the RMAP and has committed to undergo an audit or is participating in a cross-recognized certification program. For 2017, none of the identified smelters or refiners were listed as Active. |
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(d) | “Known” means the smelter or refiner is listed on the Smelter Look-up Tab of the CMRT but is not listed as Conformant or Active. |
(e) “Country Location” is the country in which the listed smelter or refiner is located.
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(f) | The compliance status and smelter or refiner location reflected in the table is based solely on information made publicly available by the RMI, without independent verification by us. |
Country of Origin Information
The countries of origin of the 3TG processed by the Conformant smelters and refiners listed above may have included countries in each of the categories listed below. The countries below are sorted by risk level. Our country of origin determinations were based on information made available by the RMI to its members.
L1 - Countries that are not identified as conflict regions or plausible areas of smuggling or export from the DRC and its nine adjoining countries: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Mexico, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Russia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Spain, Thailand, Togo, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Vietnam and Zimbabwe.
L2 - Countries that are known or plausible countries for smuggling, export out of region or transit of materials containing 3TG: Mozambique and South Africa.
L3 - The DRC and its nine adjoining countries (applicable countries of origin only): Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda.
DRC - The Democratic Republic of the Congo.
In addition, some of the listed Conformant smelters and refiners may have processed 3TG originating from recycled or scrap sources.
For 2017, we were not able to determine the country of origin of the 3TG processed by any of the smelters or refiners listed as Known.