Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Hierarchy

The Company has categorized its assets and liabilities that are valued at fair value on a recurring basis into a three-level fair value hierarchy as defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"). The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1) and lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). In some cases, the inputs used to measure fair value might fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy, for disclosure purposes, is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assets and liabilities recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value are categorized based on the inputs in the valuation techniques as follows:


Level 1.	Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market (examples include active exchange-traded equity securities and money market mutual funds).

Assets and liabilities utilizing Level 1 inputs include exchange-traded mutual funds and money market funds.


Level 2.	Assets and liabilities whose values are based on the following:


a)	Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;


b)	Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets (examples include corporate and municipal bonds, which trade infrequently);


c)	Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (examples include most over-the-counter derivatives, including interest rate and currency swaps); and


d)	Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means for substantially the full asset or liability (for example, certain mortgage loans).

The Company does not have any assets or liabilities that utilize Level 2 inputs.

Level 3.

Assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices, or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability (examples include private equity investments, certain commercial mortgage whole loans, and long-dated or complex derivatives including certain foreign exchange options and long-dated options on gas and power).

Liabilities utilizing Level 3 inputs include liabilities for contingent purchase consideration.

Valuation Techniques

Equity Securities and Mutual Funds – Level 1

Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the sale price on their principal exchange, or official closing bid price for certain markets.

Contingent Consideration Liability – Level 3

Purchase consideration for some acquisitions made by the Company includes contingent consideration arrangements. Contingent consideration arrangements are primarily based on meeting EBITDA and revenue targets over periods from two to four years. The fair value of contingent consideration is estimated as the present value of future cash flows resulting from the projected revenue and earnings of the acquired entities.

The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.



	Identical Assets (Level 1)				Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)				Total
(In millions of dollars)	06/30/15		12/31/14		06/30/15		12/31/14		06/30/15		12/31/14		06/30/15		12/31/14
Assets:
Financial instruments owned:
Mutual funds^(a)	$	142	$	150	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	142	$	150
Money market funds^(b)	40		107		—		—		—		—		40		107
Total assets measured at fair value	$	182	$	257	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	182	$	257
Fiduciary Assets:
Money market funds	$	66	$	57	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	66	$	57
Total fiduciary assets measured at fair value	$	66	$	57	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	66	$	57
Liabilities:
Contingent purchase consideration liability^(c)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	244	$	207	$	244	$	207
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	244	$	207	$	244	$	207


^(a)	Included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.


^(b)	Included in cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets.


^(c)	Included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

During the six-month period ended June 30, 2015, there were no assets or liabilities that were transferred between any of the levels.

The table below sets forth a summary of the changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 liabilities as of June 30, 2015 and 2014 that represent contingent consideration related to acquisitions:



(In millions of dollars)	2015			2014
Balance at January 1,	$	207		$	104
Additions	49			67
Payments	(33		)	(36		)
Revaluation Impact	21			9
Balance at June 30,	$	244		$	144

The fair value of the contingent liability is based on projections of revenue and earnings for the acquired entities that are reassessed on a quarterly basis. As set forth in the table above, based on the Company's ongoing assessment of the fair value of contingent consideration, the Company recorded a net increase in the estimated fair value of such liabilities for prior-period acquisitions of $21 million in the six-month period ended June 30, 2015. A 5% increase in the above mentioned projections would increase the liability by approximately $23 million. A 5% decrease in the above mentioned projections would decrease the liability by approximately $31 million.

Fair Value of Long-Term Investments

The Company holds investments in certain private companies, public companies and certain private equity investments that are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The carrying value of these investments amounted to $424 million at June 30, 2015 and $388 million at December 31, 2014. The Company's investments in private equity funds were $77 million and $61 million at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The carrying values of these private equity investments approximate fair value. The underlying private equity funds follow investment company accounting, where investments within the fund are carried at fair value. The Company records in earnings, investment gains/losses for its proportionate share of the change in fair value of the funds. These investments would be classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy and are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

During 2014, the Company purchased 34% of the common stock of Alexander Forbes. As of June 30, 2015, the carrying value of the Company’s investment in Alexander Forbes was approximately $301 million. As of June 30, 2015, the market value of the approximately 443 million shares of Alexander Forbes owned by the Company, based on the June 30, 2015 closing share price of 9.00 South African Rand per share, was approximately $324 million. The Company’s investment in Alexander Forbes and its other equity investments in private companies are accounted for using the equity method of accounting and included in revenue in the consolidated income statements and in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company records its share of income or loss on its equity method investments on a one quarter lag basis.

On February 24, 2015, Mercer purchased shares of common stock of Benefitfocus (NASDAQ:BNFT) constituting approximately 9.9% of BNFT's outstanding capital stock as of the acquisition date. The purchase price for the BNFT shares and certain other rights and other consideration was approximately $75 million. The Company has elected to account for this investment under the cost method of accounting as the shares purchased are categorized as restricted and cannot be sold for more than one year. When the restrictions on sale are less than one year in duration (January 1, 2017), the shares are expected to be classified as available for sale. This investment would then be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy and included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The value of the BNFT shares based on the closing price on the NASDAQ at June 30, 2015 and without regard to the restrictions on sale was approximately $124 million.