Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Hierarchy

The Company has categorized its assets and liabilities that are valued at fair value on a recurring basis into a three-level fair value hierarchy as defined by the FASB. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1) and lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). In some cases, the inputs used to measure fair value might fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy, for disclosure purposes, is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Assets and liabilities recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value are categorized based on the inputs in the valuation techniques as follows:


Level 1.	Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market (examples include active exchange-traded equity securities, most U.S. Government and agency securities, money market mutual funds and certain other sovereign government obligations).


Level 2.	Assets and liabilities whose values are based on the following:


a)	Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;


b)	Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets (examples include corporate and municipal bonds, which trade infrequently);


c)	Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (examples include most over-the-counter derivatives, including interest rate and currency swaps); and


d)	Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means for substantially the full asset or liability (for example, certain mortgage loans).

Level 3.

Assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices, or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability (examples include private equity investments, certain commercial mortgage whole loans, and long-dated or complex derivatives including certain foreign exchange options and long-dated options on gas and power).

Valuation Techniques

Mutual Funds and Money Market Funds - Level 1

Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the sale price on their principal exchange, or official closing bid price for certain markets. If no sales are reported, the security is valued at its last reported bid price.

U.S. Municipal Bonds - Level 2

These investments are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by an independent pricing service. Such services or dealers determine valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional traders, between securities.

Interest Rate Swap Derivative - Level 2

The fair value of interest rate swap derivatives is based on the present value of future cash flows at each valuation date resulting from utilization of the swaps, using a constant discount rate of 1.6% compared to discount rates based on projected future yield curves (See Note 12).

Senior Notes due 2014 - Level 2

The fair value of the first $250 million of Senior Notes maturing in 2014 is estimated to be the amortized cost of those notes adjusted by the fair value of the interest rate swap derivative, discussed above. In the first quarter of 2011, the Company entered into two interest rate swaps that effectively convert interest on a portion of its Senior Notes from a fixed rate to a floating rate. The swaps are designated as fair value hedging instruments. The change in the fair value of the swaps is recorded on the balance sheet. The carrying value of the debt related to these swaps is adjusted by an equal amount (See Note 12).

Contingent Consideration Liability - Level 3

Purchase consideration for some acquisitions made by the Company includes contingent consideration arrangements. Contingent consideration arrangements are primarily based on achieving EBITDA and revenue targets over two to four years. The fair value of contingent consideration is estimated as the present value of future cash flows that would result from the projected revenue and earnings of the acquired entities.

The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012.



	Identical Assets (Level 1)				Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)				Total
(In millions of dollars)	09/30/13		12/31/12		09/30/13		12/31/12		09/30/13		12/31/12		09/30/13		12/31/12
Assets:
Financial instruments owned:
Mutual funds^(a)	$	146	$	139	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	146	$	139
Money market funds^(b)	23		483		—		—		—		—		23		483
Interest rate swap derivatives^(c)	—		—		3		6		—		—		3		6
Total assets measured at fair value	$	169	$	622	$	3	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	172	$	628
Fiduciary Assets:
U.S. Municipal Bonds	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3
Money market funds	4		149		—		—		—		—		4		149
Total fiduciary assets measured at fair value	$	4	$	149	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	4	$	152
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration liability^(d)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	92	$	63	$	92	$	63
Senior Notes due 2014^(e)	—		—		253		256		—		—		253		256
Total liabilities measured at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	253	$	256	$	92	$	63	$	345	$	319


^(a)	Included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.


^(b)	Included in cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets.


^(c)	Included in other receivables in the consolidated balance sheets.


^(d)	Included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.


^(e)	Included in long term debt in the consolidated balance sheets.

During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013, there were no assets or liabilities that transferred between Level 1 and Level 2 or between Level 2 and Level 3.

The table below sets forth a summary of the changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 liabilities as of September 30, 2013 and 2012 that represent contingent consideration related to acquisitions:



(In millions of dollars)	2013			2012
Balance at January 1,	$	63		$	110
Additions	21			19
Payments	(8		)	(20		)
Revaluation Impact	16			(32		)
Balance at September 30,	$	92		$	77

The fair value of the contingent liability is based on projections of revenue and earnings for the acquired entities that are reassessed on a quarterly basis. As set forth in the table above, based on the Company's ongoing assessment of the fair value of contingent consideration, the Company recorded a net increase in the estimated fair value of such liabilities for prior period acquisitions of $16 million in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013. A 5% increase in the above mentioned projections would increase the liability by approximately $15 million. A 5% decrease in the above mentioned projections would decrease the liability by approximately $13 million.

Fair Value of Long-term Investments

The Company has certain long-term investments, primarily related to investments in non-publicly traded private equity funds of $12 million and $16 million at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 carried on the cost basis for which there are no readily available market prices. The carrying values of these investments approximates their fair value. Management's estimate of the fair value of these non-publicly traded investments is based on valuation methodologies including estimates from private equity managers of the fair value of underlying investments in private equity funds. The ability to accurately predict future cash flows, revenue or earnings may impact the determination of fair value. The Company monitors these investments for impairment and makes appropriate reductions in carrying values when necessary. If carried at fair value, these investments would be classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy and are included in Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.