Financial Instruments

The estimated fair value of the Company’s significant financial instruments is provided below. Certain estimates and judgments were required to develop the fair value amounts. The fair value amounts shown below are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company would realize upon disposition, nor do they indicate the Company’s intent or need to dispose of the financial instrument.



	September 30, 2012				December 31, 2011
(In millions of dollars)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,044	$	2,044	$	2,113	$	2,113
Long-term investments	$	48	$	48	$	58	$	58
Short-term debt	$	259	$	263	$	260	$	261
Long-term debt	$	2,660	$	2,984	$	2,668	$	2,958

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The estimated fair value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents approximates their carrying value.

Long-term Investments: Long-term investments include certain investments carried at cost and unrealized gains related to available-for-sale investments held in a fiduciary capacity as discussed below.

The Company has long-term investments of $29 million and $37 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, carried on the cost basis for which there are no readily available market prices. The remaining long-term investments are publicly traded mutual funds related to voluntary deferred compensation plans. The fair value of the mutual funds is based on quoted market prices. Management's estimate of the fair value of non-publicly traded investments is based on valuation methodologies including discounted cash flows, estimates of sale price based on multiples of revenue, earnings or EBITDA or estimates from private equity managers of the fair value of underlying investments in private equity funds. The ability to accurately predict future cash flows, revenue or earnings may impact the determination of fair value. These investments are included in Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company monitors these investments for impairment and makes appropriate reductions in carrying values when necessary. These investments would be classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

A portion of the Company’s fiduciary funds described in Note 3 are invested in high quality debt securities and are classified as available for sale. There were no gross unrealized gains or losses (pre-tax) on these securities at September 30, 2012.

Short-term and Long-term Debt: The fair value of the Company’s short-term debt, which consists primarily of term debt maturing within the next year, approximates its carrying value. The estimated fair value of a primary portion of the Company’s long-term debt is based on discounted future cash flows using current interest rates available for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. Short and long-term debt would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.