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Retirement and Postemployment Benefits (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule Of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs (Credits)
The following table provides the components of net periodic defined benefit costs (credits) for PPL's domestic (U.S.) and WPD's (U.K.) pension and other postretirement benefit plans for the years ended December 31.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Net periodic defined benefit costs (credits):
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Service cost
$
50

 
$
62

 
$
65

 
$
68

 
$
82

 
$
76

 
$
6

 
$
7

 
$
7

Interest cost
164

 
156

 
168

 
187

 
185

 
178

 
22

 
21

 
23

Expected return on plan assets
(245
)
 
(249
)
 
(231
)
 
(588
)
 
(587
)
 
(514
)
 
(18
)
 
(23
)
 
(22
)
Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost (credit)
8

 
10

 
10

 
1

 

 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Actuarial (gain) loss
56

 
84

 
69

 
92

 
151

 
144

 
1

 

 
1

Net periodic defined benefit costs
(credits) prior to settlements and termination benefits
33

 
63

 
81

 
(240
)
 
(169
)
 
(116
)
 
10

 
4

 
8

Settlements
1

 

 
1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Termination benefits

 

 
1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net periodic defined benefit costs
(credits)
$
34

 
$
63

 
$
83

 
$
(240
)
 
$
(169
)
 
$
(116
)
 
$
10

 
$
4

 
$
8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in OCI and Regulatory Assets/Liabilities - Gross:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Settlement
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (gain) loss
(121
)
 
157

 
27

 
723

 
201

 
346

 
(18
)
 
8

 
(28
)
Prior service cost
(credit)
2

 
1

 
(1
)
 

 
13

 

 

 

 
8

Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service (cost) credit
(8
)
 
(10
)
 
(10
)
 
(1
)
 

 

 
1

 
1

 
1

Actuarial gain (loss)
(56
)
 
(84
)
 
(69
)
 
(92
)
 
(151
)
 
(144
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities (a)
(184
)
 
64

 
(54
)
 
630

 
63

 
202

 
(18
)
 
9

 
(20
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total recognized in net periodic
defined benefit costs, OCI and regulatory assets/liabilities (a)
$
(150
)
 
$
127

 
$
29

 
$
390

 
$
(106
)
 
$
86

 
$
(8
)
 
$
13

 
$
(12
)
 
(a)
WPD is not subject to accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation as prescribed by GAAP. As a result, WPD does not record regulatory assets/liabilities.
Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income and Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
For PPL's U.S. pension benefits and for other postretirement benefits, the amounts recognized in OCI and regulatory assets/liabilities for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
 
U.S. Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
OCI
$
(194
)
 
$
90

 
$
(53
)
 
$
(13
)
 
$
20

 
$
(25
)
Regulatory assets/liabilities
10

 
(26
)
 
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
(11
)
 
5

Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
$
(184
)
 
$
64

 
$
(54
)
 
$
(18
)
 
$
9

 
$
(20
)

Schedule of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs Included in Income Statement
The following net periodic defined benefit costs (credits) were charged to expense or regulatory assets, excluding amounts charged to construction and other non-expense accounts. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
$
18

 
$
40

 
$
59

 
$
(287
)
 
$
(226
)
 
$
(151
)
 
$
8

 
$
2

 
$
5

PPL Electric (a)
(4
)
 
4

 
12

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
4

 
(1
)
 

LKE (b)
12

 
21

 
28

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
2

 
3

 
5

LG&E (b)
3

 
4

 
8

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
2

 
2

 
3

KU (a) (b)
(1
)
 
2

 
4

 
 

 
 

 
 

 

 
1

 
1

 
(a)
PPL Electric and KU do not directly sponsor any defined benefit plans. PPL Electric and KU were allocated these costs of defined benefit plans sponsored by PPL Services (for PPL Electric) and by LKE (for KU), based on their participation in those plans, which management believes are reasonable. KU is also allocated costs of defined benefit plans from LKS for defined benefit plans sponsored by LKE. See Note 14 for additional information on costs allocated to KU from LKS.
(b)
As a result of the 2014 Kentucky rate case settlement that became effective July 1, 2015, the difference between net periodic defined benefit costs calculated in accordance with LKE's, LG&E's and KU's pension accounting policy and the net periodic defined benefit costs calculated using a 15 year amortization period for gains and losses is recorded as a regulatory asset. Of the costs charged to Other operation and maintenance, Other Income (Expense) - net or regulatory assets, excluding amounts charged to construction and other non-expense accounts, $2 million for LG&E and $1 million for KU were recorded as regulatory assets in 2019, $3 million for LG&E and $2 million for KU were recorded as regulatory assets in 2018 and $4 million for LG&E and $2 million for KU were recorded as regulatory assets in 2017.
Defined Benefit Plan Assumptions and Impact of One Point Change on Postretirement Plans
 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the valuation of the benefit obligations at December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.64
%
 
4.35
%
 
1.94
%
 
2.98
%
 
3.60
%
 
4.31
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.79
%
 
3.25
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.76
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.62
%
 
4.35
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.59
%
 
4.32
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.60
%
 
4.33
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic defined benefit costs for the years ended December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate service cost
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
3.12
%
 
2.73
%
 
2.99
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
Discount rate interest cost
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
2.62
%
 
2.31
%
 
2.41
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.78
%
 
3.95
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.75
%
 
3.92
%
Expected return on plan assets
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.21
%
 
7.23
%
 
7.22
%
 
6.46
%
 
6.40
%
 
6.21
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.69
%
 
4.19
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
4.32
%
 
3.65
%
 
4.12
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
7.00
%
 
7.15
%
 
6.82
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.33
%
 
3.65
%
 
4.13
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
The expected long-term rates of return for pension and other postretirement benefits are based on management's projections using a best-estimate of expected returns, volatilities and correlations for each asset class. Each plan's specific current and expected asset allocations are also considered in developing a reasonable return assumption.


(PPL and LKE)
 
The following table provides the assumed health care cost trend rates for the years ended December 31:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
PPL and LKE
 
 
 
 
 
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
– cost
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
7.0
%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
– cost
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
2024

 
2023

 
2022

– cost
2023

 
2022

 
2022


Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
The funded status of PPL's plans at December 31 was as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Change in Benefit Obligation
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Benefit Obligation, beginning of period
$
3,883

 
$
4,288

 
$
7,275

 
$
8,219

 
$
538

 
$
589

Service cost
50

 
62

 
68

 
82

 
6

 
7

Interest cost
164

 
156

 
187

 
185

 
22

 
21

Participant contributions

 

 
12

 
13

 
14

 
13

Plan amendments
2

 
1

 

 
12

 

 

Actuarial (gain) loss
368

 
(352
)
 
1,220

 
(406
)
 
34

 
(34
)
Settlements
(21
)
 

 

 

 

 

Gross benefits paid
(300
)
 
(272
)
 
(363
)
 
(381
)
 
(58
)
 
(58
)
Federal subsidy

 

 

 

 
1

 

Currency conversion

 

 
116

 
(449
)
 

 

Benefit Obligation, end of period
4,146

 
3,883

 
8,515

 
7,275

 
557

 
538

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in Plan Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Plan assets at fair value, beginning of period
3,109

 
3,488

 
7,801

 
8,490

 
301

 
405

Actual return on plan assets
735

 
(260
)
 
1,095

 
(30
)
 
71

 
(20
)
Employer contributions
63

 
153

 
278

 
188

 
10

 
23

Participant contributions

 

 
12

 
13

 
10

 
11

Transfer out (a)

 

 

 

 

 
(65
)
Settlements
(22
)
 

 

 

 

 

Gross benefits paid
(300
)
 
(272
)
 
(363
)
 
(381
)
 
(52
)
 
(53
)
Currency conversion

 

 
122

 
(479
)
 

 

Plan assets at fair value, end of period
3,585

 
3,109

 
8,945

 
7,801

 
340

 
301

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funded Status, end of period
$
(561
)
 
$
(774
)
 
$
430

 
$
526

 
$
(217
)
 
$
(237
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Noncurrent asset
$
24

 
$

 
$
440

 
$
535

 
$
11

 
$
2

Current liability
(8
)
 
(13
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
(3
)
Noncurrent liability
(577
)
 
(761
)
 
(9
)
 
(8
)
 
(226
)
 
(236
)
Net amount recognized, end of period
$
(561
)
 
$
(774
)
 
$
430

 
$
526

 
$
(217
)
 
$
(237
)

 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities (pre-tax) consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost (credit)
$
34

 
$
40

 
$
11

 
$
12

 
$
10

 
$
10

Net actuarial (gain) loss
1,029

 
1,207

 
3,435

 
2,806

 
6

 
24

Total (b)
$
1,063

 
$
1,247

 
$
3,446

 
$
2,818

 
$
16

 
$
34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total accumulated benefit obligation
for defined benefit pension plans
$
3,910

 
$
3,668

 
$
7,821

 
$
6,689

 
 

 
 



(a)
In May 2018, PPL received a favorable private letter ruling from the IRS permitting a transfer of excess funds from the PPL Bargaining Unit Retiree Health Plan VEBA to a new subaccount within the VEBA to be used to pay medical claims of active bargaining unit employees.
(b)
WPD is not subject to accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation as prescribed by GAAP and as a result, does not record regulatory assets/liabilities.

For PPL's U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plans, the amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities at December 31 were as follows:
 
U.S. Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
AOCI
$
352

 
$
370

 
$
13

 
$
21

Regulatory assets/liabilities
711

 
877

 
3

 
13

Total
$
1,063

 
$
1,247

 
$
16

 
$
34


Schedule of Projected or Accumulated Benefit Obligations In Excess of Plan Assets
The following tables provide information on pension plans where the projected benefit obligation (PBO) or accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) exceed the fair value of plan assets:
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
PBO in excess of plan assets
 
PBO in excess of plan assets
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Projected benefit obligation
$
3,861

 
$
3,883

 
$
10

 
$
9

Fair value of plan assets
3,275

 
3,109

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
ABO in excess of plan assets
 
ABO in excess of plan assets
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Accumulated benefit obligation
$
3,624

 
$
3,668

 
$
10

 
$
9

Fair value of plan assets
3,275

 
3,109

 

 


Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.S. Pension Trusts Assets
The asset allocation for the trust and the target allocation by portfolio at December 31 are as follows:
 
Percentage of trust assets
 
2019
 
2019 (a)
 
2018 (a)
 
Target Asset
Allocation (a)
Growth Portfolio
57
%
 
55
%
 
55
%
Equity securities
34
%
 
30
%
 
 
Debt securities (b)
14
%
 
15
%
 
 
Alternative investments
9
%
 
10
%
 
 
Immunizing Portfolio
42
%
 
43
%
 
43
%
Debt securities (b)
35
%
 
39
%
 
 
Derivatives
7
%
 
4
%
 
 
Liquidity Portfolio
1
%
 
2
%
 
2
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
(a)
Allocations exclude consideration of a group annuity contract held by the LG&E and KU Retirement Plan.
(b)
Includes commingled debt funds, which PPL treats as debt securities for asset allocation purposes.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of net assets in the Master Trust by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
182

 
$
182

 
$

 
$

 
$
220

 
$
220

 
$

 
$

Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Equity
194

 
194

 

 

 
159

 
159

 

 

U.S. Equity fund measured at NAV (a)
451

 

 

 

 
340

 

 

 

International equity fund at NAV (a)
554

 

 

 

 
466

 

 

 

Commingled debt measured at NAV (a)
621

 

 

 

 
543

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and U.S. government sponsored
agency
310

 
309

 
1

 

 
212

 
212

 

 

Corporate
951

 

 
931

 
20

 
899

 

 
874

 
25

Other
14

 

 
14

 

 
17

 

 
17

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Real estate measured at NAV (a)
88

 

 

 

 
90

 

 

 

Private equity measured at NAV (a)
62

 

 

 

 
65

 

 

 

Hedge funds measured at NAV (a)
194

 

 

 

 
175

 

 

 

 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Derivatives
3

 

 
3

 

 
33

 

 
33

 

Insurance contracts
4

 

 

 
4

 
21

 

 

 
21

PPL Services Corporation Master Trust assets, at
fair value
3,628

 
$
685

 
$
949

 
$
24

 
3,240

 
$
591

 
$
924

 
$
46

Receivables and payables, net (b)
99

 


 
 

 
 

 
(2
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

401(h) accounts restricted for other
postretirement benefit obligations
(142
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(129
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

Total PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
pension assets
$
3,585

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
3,109

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Reconciliation of U.S. Pension Trust Assets Classified as Level 3 Included in Earnings
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2019 is as follows:
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(1
)
 
4

 
3

Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
(7
)
 
(21
)
 
(28
)
Balance at end of period
$
20

 
$
4

 
$
24

 
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2018 is as follows: 
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
11

 
(4
)
 
7

Balance at end of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46


Schedules of Target Allocation of U.S. Other Postretirement Benefit Plans VEBA Trust The asset allocation for the PPL VEBA trusts, excluding LKE, and the target allocation, by asset class, at December 31 are detailed below.
 
Percentage of plan assets
 
Target Asset
Allocation
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
Asset Class
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Equity securities
45
%
 
40
%
 
45
%
Debt securities (a)
52
%
 
56
%
 
50
%
Cash and cash equivalents (b)
3
%
 
4
%
 
5
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 

(a)
Includes commingled debt funds and debt securities.
(b)
Includes money market funds.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Postretirement Benefits
The fair value of assets in the U.S. other postretirement benefit plans by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Money market funds
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

 
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

U.S. Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Large-cap equity fund measure at NAV (a)
89

 

 

 

 
69

 

 

 

Commingled debt fund measured at NAV (a)
68

 

 

 

 
68

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Corporate bonds
35

 

 
35

 

 
28

 

 
28

 

Total VEBA trust assets, at fair value
198

 
$
6

 
$
35

 
$

 
171

 
$
6

 
$
28

 
$

Receivables and payables, net (b)

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
1

 
 

 
 

 
 
401(h) account assets
142

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
129

 
 

 
 

 
 
Total other postretirement benefit plan assets
$
340

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
301

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables represent amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.K. Pension Plan Assets
The asset allocation and target allocation at December 31 of WPD's pension plans are detailed below.
 
 
 
 
 
Target Asset
 
Percentage of plan assets
 
Allocation
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
Asset Class
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
2
%
 
2
%
 
%
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
U.K.
%
 
%
 
2
%
European (excluding the U.K.)
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
Asian-Pacific
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
North American
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
Emerging markets
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
Global equities
19
%
 
19
%
 
9
%
Global Tactical Asset Allocation
29
%
 
31
%
 
41
%
Debt securities (a)
43
%
 
38
%
 
38
%
Alternative investments
6
%
 
6
%
 
6
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 

(a)
Includes commingled debt funds.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.K. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of assets in the U.K. pension plans by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents
$
154

 
$
154

 
$

 
$

 
$
147

 
$
147

 
$

 
$

Equity securities measured at NAV (a) :
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
U.K. companies
22

 

 

 

 
27

 

 

 

European companies (excluding the U.K.)
54

 

 

 

 
76

 

 

 

Asian-Pacific companies
35

 

 

 

 
49

 

 

 

North American companies
74

 

 

 

 
105

 

 

 

Emerging markets companies
32

 

 

 

 
44

 

 

 

Global Equities
1,684

 

 

 

 
1,465

 

 

 

Other
2,584

 

 

 

 
2,437

 

 

 

Debt Securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
U.K. corporate bonds
5

 

 
5

 

 
4

 

 
4

 

U.K. gilts
3,819

 

 
3,819

 

 
2,933

 

 
2,933

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Real estate measured at NAV (a)
519

 

 

 

 
485

 

 

 

Fair value - U.K. pension plans
8,982

 
$
154

 
$
3,824

 
$

 
7,772

 
$
147

 
$
2,937

 
$

Receivables and payables, net (b)
(37
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total U.K. pension assets
$
8,945

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
7,801

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Schedule of Expected Cash Flows - U.S. Defined Benefit Plans - Expected Payments and Related Federal Subsidy
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plans and the following federal subsidy payments are expected to be received by PPL.
 
 
 
Other Postretirement
 
Pension
 
Benefit
Payment
 
Expected
Federal
Subsidy
2020
$
271

 
$
50

 
$
1

2021
267

 
48

 
1

2022
266

 
47

 

2023
264

 
46

 

2024
265

 
44

 

2025-2029
1,278

 
200

 
1


Schedule of Expected Cash Flows - U.K. Pension Plans - Expected Payments
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plans.
 
Pension
2020
$
353

2021
351

2022
356

2023
359

2024
364

2025-2029
1,826


Expected Employer Contributions to U.S. Savings Plans
Substantially all employees of PPL's subsidiaries are eligible to participate in deferred savings plans (401(k)s). Employer contributions to the plans were:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
$
42

 
$
40

 
$
36

PPL Electric
6

 
6

 
6

LKE
21

 
20

 
18

LG&E
6

 
6

 
5

KU
5

 
5

 
4


PPL Electric Utilities Corp [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans Allocations to PPL Electric resulted in liabilities at December 31 as follows:

 
2019
 
2018
Pension
$
179

 
$
285

Other postretirement benefits
122

 
120


LG And E And KU Energy LLC [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule Of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs (Credits)
The following table provides the components of net periodic defined benefit costs for LKE's pension and other postretirement benefit plans for the years ended December 31.
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Net periodic defined benefit costs (credits):
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Service cost
$
22

 
$
25

 
$
24

 
$
4

 
$
4

 
$
4

Interest cost
66

 
63

 
68

 
8

 
8

 
9

Expected return on plan assets
(101
)
 
(102
)
 
(92
)
 
(8
)
 
(9
)
 
(7
)
Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost
8

 
9

 
8

 
1

 
1

 
1

Actuarial (gain) loss (a)
22

 
35

 
31

 
(1
)
 

 

Net periodic defined benefit costs (b)
$
17

 
$
30

 
$
39

 
$
4

 
$
4

 
$
7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in OCI and
Regulatory Assets/Liabilities - Gross:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Net (gain) loss
$
(37
)
 
$
40

 
$
30

 
$
(14
)
 
$
1

 
$
(14
)
Prior service cost
2

 

 
7

 

 

 
8

Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service credit
(8
)
 
(9
)
 
(8
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Actuarial gain (loss)
(22
)
 
(35
)
 
(32
)
 
1

 

 

Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
(65
)
 
(4
)
 
(3
)
 
(14
)
 

 
(7
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total recognized in net periodic
defined benefit costs, OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
$
(48
)
 
$
26

 
$
36

 
$
(10
)
 
$
4

 
$

 
(a)
As a result of the 2014 Kentucky rate case settlement that became effective July 1, 2015, the difference between actuarial (gain)/loss calculated in accordance with LKE's pension accounting policy and actuarial (gain)/loss calculated using a 15 year amortization period was $5 million in 2019 and $11 million in 2018 and 2017.
(b)
Due to the amount of lump sum payment distributions from the LG&E qualified pension plan, settlement charges of $5 million in 2019, $6 million in 2018 and $5 million in 2017 were incurred. In accordance with existing regulatory accounting treatment, LG&E has maintained the settlement charge in regulatory assets. The amount will be amortized in accordance with existing regulatory practice.

Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income and Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
For LKE's pension and other postretirement benefits, the amounts recognized in OCI and regulatory assets/liabilities for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
OCI
$
13

 
$
(25
)
 
$
33

 
$
(7
)
 
$
4

 
$
(2
)
Regulatory assets/liabilities
(78
)
 
21

 
(36
)
 
(7
)
 
(4
)
 
(5
)
Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
$
(65
)
 
$
(4
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
(14
)
 
$

 
$
(7
)

Defined Benefit Plan Assumptions and Impact of One Point Change on Postretirement Plans
 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the valuation of the benefit obligations at December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.64
%
 
4.35
%
 
1.94
%
 
2.98
%
 
3.60
%
 
4.31
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.79
%
 
3.25
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.76
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.62
%
 
4.35
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.59
%
 
4.32
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.60
%
 
4.33
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic defined benefit costs for the years ended December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate service cost
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
3.12
%
 
2.73
%
 
2.99
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
Discount rate interest cost
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
2.62
%
 
2.31
%
 
2.41
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.78
%
 
3.95
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.75
%
 
3.92
%
Expected return on plan assets
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.21
%
 
7.23
%
 
7.22
%
 
6.46
%
 
6.40
%
 
6.21
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.69
%
 
4.19
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
4.32
%
 
3.65
%
 
4.12
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
7.00
%
 
7.15
%
 
6.82
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.33
%
 
3.65
%
 
4.13
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
The expected long-term rates of return for pension and other postretirement benefits are based on management's projections using a best-estimate of expected returns, volatilities and correlations for each asset class. Each plan's specific current and expected asset allocations are also considered in developing a reasonable return assumption.


(PPL and LKE)
 
The following table provides the assumed health care cost trend rates for the years ended December 31:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
PPL and LKE
 
 
 
 
 
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
– cost
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
7.0
%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
– cost
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
2024

 
2023

 
2022

– cost
2023

 
2022

 
2022


Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
The funded status of LKE's plans at December 31 was as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Change in Benefit Obligation
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Benefit Obligation, beginning of period
$
1,580

 
$
1,771

 
$
205

 
$
223

Service cost
22

 
25

 
4

 
4

Interest cost
66

 
63

 
8

 
8

Participant contributions

 

 
7

 
8

Plan amendments
2

 

 

 

Actuarial (gain) loss (b)
166

 
(168
)
 
5

 
(16
)
Settlements
(16
)
 

 

 

Gross benefits paid (a)
(136
)
 
(111
)
 
(21
)
 
(22
)
Benefit Obligation, end of period
1,684

 
1,580

 
208

 
205

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in Plan Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Plan assets at fair value, beginning of period
1,294

 
1,402

 
117

 
116

Actual return on plan assets
304

 
(106
)
 
27

 
(9
)
Employer contributions
24

 
109

 
11

 
24

Participant contributions

 

 
7

 
8

Settlements
(16
)
 

 

 

Gross benefits paid
(136
)
 
(111
)
 
(21
)
 
(22
)
Plan assets at fair value, end of period
1,470

 
1,294

 
141

 
117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funded Status, end of period
$
(214
)
 
$
(286
)
 
$
(67
)
 
$
(88
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Noncurrent asset
$
24

 
$

 
$
11

 
$
2

Current liability
(5
)
 
(4
)
 
(2
)
 
(3
)
Noncurrent liability
(233
)
 
(282
)
 
(76
)
 
(87
)
Net amount recognized, end of period
$
(214
)
 
$
(286
)
 
$
(67
)
 
$
(88
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities (pre-tax) consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost
$
30

 
$
35

 
$
10

 
$
12

Net actuarial (gain) loss
380

 
439

 
(37
)
 
(25
)
Total
$
410

 
$
474

 
$
(27
)
 
$
(13
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total accumulated benefit obligation
for defined benefit pension plans
$
1,561

 
$
1,467

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
Gross benefits paid by the plans include lump-sum cash payments made to participants during 2019 and 2018 of $74 million and $52 million.
(b)
The actuarial (gain) loss for all pension plans in 2019 and 2018 was primarily related to changes in the discount rate used to measure the benefit obligations of those plans.

The amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities at December 31 were as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
AOCI
$
132

 
$
118

 
$
4

 
$
10

Regulatory assets/liabilities
278

 
356

 
(31
)
 
(23
)
Total
$
410

 
$
474

 
$
(27
)
 
$
(13
)


Schedule of Projected or Accumulated Benefit Obligations In Excess of Plan Assets
The following tables provide information on pension plans where the projected benefit obligation (PBO) or accumulated benefit obligations (ABO) exceed the fair value of plan assets: 
 
PBO in excess of plan assets
 
2019
 
2018
Projected benefit obligation
$
1,398

 
$
1,580

Fair value of plan assets
1,160

 
1,294

 
 
 
 
 
ABO in excess of plan assets
 
2019
 
2018
Accumulated benefit obligation
$
1,276

 
$
1,467

Fair value of plan assets
1,160

 
1,294


Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.S. Pension Trusts Assets
The asset allocation for the trust and the target allocation by portfolio at December 31 are as follows:
 
Percentage of trust assets
 
2019
 
2019 (a)
 
2018 (a)
 
Target Asset
Allocation (a)
Growth Portfolio
57
%
 
55
%
 
55
%
Equity securities
34
%
 
30
%
 
 
Debt securities (b)
14
%
 
15
%
 
 
Alternative investments
9
%
 
10
%
 
 
Immunizing Portfolio
42
%
 
43
%
 
43
%
Debt securities (b)
35
%
 
39
%
 
 
Derivatives
7
%
 
4
%
 
 
Liquidity Portfolio
1
%
 
2
%
 
2
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
(a)
Allocations exclude consideration of a group annuity contract held by the LG&E and KU Retirement Plan.
(b)
Includes commingled debt funds, which PPL treats as debt securities for asset allocation purposes.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of net assets in the Master Trust by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
182

 
$
182

 
$

 
$

 
$
220

 
$
220

 
$

 
$

Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Equity
194

 
194

 

 

 
159

 
159

 

 

U.S. Equity fund measured at NAV (a)
451

 

 

 

 
340

 

 

 

International equity fund at NAV (a)
554

 

 

 

 
466

 

 

 

Commingled debt measured at NAV (a)
621

 

 

 

 
543

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and U.S. government sponsored
agency
310

 
309

 
1

 

 
212

 
212

 

 

Corporate
951

 

 
931

 
20

 
899

 

 
874

 
25

Other
14

 

 
14

 

 
17

 

 
17

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Real estate measured at NAV (a)
88

 

 

 

 
90

 

 

 

Private equity measured at NAV (a)
62

 

 

 

 
65

 

 

 

Hedge funds measured at NAV (a)
194

 

 

 

 
175

 

 

 

 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Derivatives
3

 

 
3

 

 
33

 

 
33

 

Insurance contracts
4

 

 

 
4

 
21

 

 

 
21

PPL Services Corporation Master Trust assets, at
fair value
3,628

 
$
685

 
$
949

 
$
24

 
3,240

 
$
591

 
$
924

 
$
46

Receivables and payables, net (b)
99

 


 
 

 
 

 
(2
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

401(h) accounts restricted for other
postretirement benefit obligations
(142
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(129
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

Total PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
pension assets
$
3,585

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
3,109

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Reconciliation of U.S. Pension Trust Assets Classified as Level 3 Included in Earnings
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2019 is as follows:
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(1
)
 
4

 
3

Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
(7
)
 
(21
)
 
(28
)
Balance at end of period
$
20

 
$
4

 
$
24

 
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2018 is as follows: 
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
11

 
(4
)
 
7

Balance at end of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46


Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Postretirement Benefits
The fair value of assets in the U.S. other postretirement benefit plans by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Money market funds
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

 
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

U.S. Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Large-cap equity fund measure at NAV (a)
89

 

 

 

 
69

 

 

 

Commingled debt fund measured at NAV (a)
68

 

 

 

 
68

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Corporate bonds
35

 

 
35

 

 
28

 

 
28

 

Total VEBA trust assets, at fair value
198

 
$
6

 
$
35

 
$

 
171

 
$
6

 
$
28

 
$

Receivables and payables, net (b)

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
1

 
 

 
 

 
 
401(h) account assets
142

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
129

 
 

 
 

 
 
Total other postretirement benefit plan assets
$
340

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
301

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables represent amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Schedule of Expected Cash Flows - U.S. Defined Benefit Plans - Expected Payments and Related Federal Subsidy
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plans and the following federal subsidy payments are expected to be received by LKE.
 
 
 
Other Postretirement
 
Pension
 
Benefit
Payment
 
Expected
Federal
Subsidy
2020
$
114

 
$
14

 
$
1

2021
115

 
15

 

2022
115

 
15

 

2023
113

 
15

 

2024
115

 
15

 

2025-2029
545

 
72

 
1


Louisville Gas And Electric Co [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule Of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs (Credits)
The following table provides the components of net periodic defined benefit costs for LG&E's pension benefit plan for the years ended December 31.
 
Pension Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Net periodic defined benefit costs (credits):
 

 
 

 
 

Service cost
$
1

 
$
1

 
$
1

Interest cost
11

 
12

 
13

Expected return on plan assets
(21
)
 
(22
)
 
(22
)
Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost
5

 
5

 
5

Actuarial loss (a)
9

 
7

 
9

Net periodic defined benefit costs (b)
$
5

 
$
3

 
$
6

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations
Recognized in Regulatory Assets - Gross:
 

 
 

 
 

Net (gain) loss
$
(19
)
 
$
22

 
$
(9
)
Prior service cost

 

 
7

Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service credit
(5
)
 
(5
)
 
(5
)
Actuarial gain
(9
)
 
(7
)
 
(9
)
Total recognized in regulatory assets/liabilities
(33
)
 
10

 
(16
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total recognized in net periodic defined benefit costs and regulatory assets
$
(28
)
 
$
13

 
$
(10
)
 
(a)
As a result of the 2014 Kentucky rate case settlement that became effective July 1, 2015, the difference between actuarial (gain)/loss calculated in accordance with LG&E's pension accounting policy and actuarial (gain)/loss calculated using a 15 year amortization period was $3 million in 2019, $2 million in 2018 and $7 million in 2017.
(b)
Due to the amount of lump sum payment distributions from the LG&E qualified pension plan, settlement charges of $5 million in 2019, $6 million in 2018 and $5 million in 2017 were incurred. In accordance with existing regulatory accounting treatment, LG&E has maintained the settlement charge in regulatory assets. The amount will be amortized in accordance with existing regulatory practice.
Schedule of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs Included in Income Statement
In the table above, LG&E amounts include costs for the specific plans it sponsors and the following allocated costs of defined benefit plans sponsored by LKE. LG&E is also allocated costs of defined benefit plans from LKS for defined benefit plans sponsored by LKE. See Note 14 for additional information on costs allocated to LG&E from LKS. These allocations are based on LG&E's participation in those plans, which management believes are reasonable:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
LG&E Non-Union Only
$

 
$
2

 
$
5

 
$
2

 
$
2

 
$
3


Defined Benefit Plan Assumptions and Impact of One Point Change on Postretirement Plans
 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the valuation of the benefit obligations at December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.64
%
 
4.35
%
 
1.94
%
 
2.98
%
 
3.60
%
 
4.31
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.79
%
 
3.25
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.76
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.62
%
 
4.35
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.59
%
 
4.32
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.60
%
 
4.33
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic defined benefit costs for the years ended December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate service cost
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
3.12
%
 
2.73
%
 
2.99
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
Discount rate interest cost
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
2.62
%
 
2.31
%
 
2.41
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.78
%
 
3.95
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.75
%
 
3.92
%
Expected return on plan assets
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.21
%
 
7.23
%
 
7.22
%
 
6.46
%
 
6.40
%
 
6.21
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.69
%
 
4.19
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
4.32
%
 
3.65
%
 
4.12
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
7.00
%
 
7.15
%
 
6.82
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.33
%
 
3.65
%
 
4.13
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
The expected long-term rates of return for pension and other postretirement benefits are based on management's projections using a best-estimate of expected returns, volatilities and correlations for each asset class. Each plan's specific current and expected asset allocations are also considered in developing a reasonable return assumption.


Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
(LG&E)

The funded status of LG&E's plan at December 31, was as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
2019
 
2018
Change in Benefit Obligation
 

 
 

Benefit Obligation, beginning of period
$
285

 
$
326

Service cost
1

 
1

Interest cost
11

 
12

Actuarial (gain) loss
25

 
(24
)
Gross benefits paid (a)
(36
)
 
(30
)
Benefit Obligation, end of period
286

 
285

 
 
 
 
Change in Plan Assets
 

 
 

Plan assets at fair value, beginning of period
281

 
325

Actual return on plan assets
64

 
(24
)
Employer contributions
1

 
10

Gross benefits paid
(36
)
 
(30
)
Plan assets at fair value, end of period
310

 
281

 
 
 
 
Funded Status, end of period
$
24

 
$
(4
)
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
 

 
 

Noncurrent asset (liability)
$
24

 
$
(4
)
Net amount recognized, end of period
$
24

 
$
(4
)
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in regulatory assets (pre-tax) consist of:
 

 
 

Prior service cost
$
17

 
$
22

Net actuarial loss
79

 
107

Total
$
96

 
$
129

 
 
 
 
Total accumulated benefit obligation for defined benefit pension plan
$
286

 
$
285

 
(a)
Gross benefits paid by the plan include lump-sum cash payments made to participants during 2019 and 2018 of $21 million and $16 million.
Allocations to LG&E resulted in (assets)/liabilities at December 31 as follows:
 
2019
 
2018
Pension
$
(7
)
 
$
7

Other postretirement benefits
63

 
65


Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.S. Pension Trusts Assets
The asset allocation for the trust and the target allocation by portfolio at December 31 are as follows:
 
Percentage of trust assets
 
2019
 
2019 (a)
 
2018 (a)
 
Target Asset
Allocation (a)
Growth Portfolio
57
%
 
55
%
 
55
%
Equity securities
34
%
 
30
%
 
 
Debt securities (b)
14
%
 
15
%
 
 
Alternative investments
9
%
 
10
%
 
 
Immunizing Portfolio
42
%
 
43
%
 
43
%
Debt securities (b)
35
%
 
39
%
 
 
Derivatives
7
%
 
4
%
 
 
Liquidity Portfolio
1
%
 
2
%
 
2
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
(a)
Allocations exclude consideration of a group annuity contract held by the LG&E and KU Retirement Plan.
(b)
Includes commingled debt funds, which PPL treats as debt securities for asset allocation purposes.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of net assets in the Master Trust by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
182

 
$
182

 
$

 
$

 
$
220

 
$
220

 
$

 
$

Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Equity
194

 
194

 

 

 
159

 
159

 

 

U.S. Equity fund measured at NAV (a)
451

 

 

 

 
340

 

 

 

International equity fund at NAV (a)
554

 

 

 

 
466

 

 

 

Commingled debt measured at NAV (a)
621

 

 

 

 
543

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and U.S. government sponsored
agency
310

 
309

 
1

 

 
212

 
212

 

 

Corporate
951

 

 
931

 
20

 
899

 

 
874

 
25

Other
14

 

 
14

 

 
17

 

 
17

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Real estate measured at NAV (a)
88

 

 

 

 
90

 

 

 

Private equity measured at NAV (a)
62

 

 

 

 
65

 

 

 

Hedge funds measured at NAV (a)
194

 

 

 

 
175

 

 

 

 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Derivatives
3

 

 
3

 

 
33

 

 
33

 

Insurance contracts
4

 

 

 
4

 
21

 

 

 
21

PPL Services Corporation Master Trust assets, at
fair value
3,628

 
$
685

 
$
949

 
$
24

 
3,240

 
$
591

 
$
924

 
$
46

Receivables and payables, net (b)
99

 


 
 

 
 

 
(2
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

401(h) accounts restricted for other
postretirement benefit obligations
(142
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(129
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

Total PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
pension assets
$
3,585

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
3,109

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Reconciliation of U.S. Pension Trust Assets Classified as Level 3 Included in Earnings
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2019 is as follows:
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(1
)
 
4

 
3

Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
(7
)
 
(21
)
 
(28
)
Balance at end of period
$
20

 
$
4

 
$
24

 
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2018 is as follows: 
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
11

 
(4
)
 
7

Balance at end of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46


Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Postretirement Benefits
The fair value of assets in the U.S. other postretirement benefit plans by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Money market funds
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

 
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

U.S. Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Large-cap equity fund measure at NAV (a)
89

 

 

 

 
69

 

 

 

Commingled debt fund measured at NAV (a)
68

 

 

 

 
68

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Corporate bonds
35

 

 
35

 

 
28

 

 
28

 

Total VEBA trust assets, at fair value
198

 
$
6

 
$
35

 
$

 
171

 
$
6

 
$
28

 
$

Receivables and payables, net (b)

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
1

 
 

 
 

 
 
401(h) account assets
142

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
129

 
 

 
 

 
 
Total other postretirement benefit plan assets
$
340

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
301

 
 

 
 

 
 

Kentucky Utilities Co [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans Allocations to KU resulted in (assets)/liabilities at December 31 as follows.
 
2019
 
2018
Pension
$
(31
)
 
$
1

Other postretirement benefits
16

 
25