4. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

(All Registrants)

The following is a description of the principal activities from which the Registrants and PPL’s segments generate their revenues.

U.K. Regulated Segment Revenue (PPL)

The U.K. Regulated Segment generates revenues from contracts with customers primarily from WPD’s DUoS operations.

DUoS revenues result from WPD charging licensed third-party energy suppliers for their use of WPD’s distribution systems to deliver energy to their customers. WPD satisfies its performance obligation and DUoS revenue is recognized over-time as electricity is delivered. The amount of revenue recognized is based on actual and forecasted volumes of electricity delivered during the period multiplied by a per-unit energy tariff, plus fixed charges. This method of recognition fairly presents WPD's transfer of electric service to the customer as the calculation is based on volumes, and the tariff rate is set by WPD using a methodology prescribed by Ofgem. Customers are billed monthly and outstanding amounts are typically due within 14 days of the invoice date.

DUoS customers are “at will” customers of WPD with no term contract and no minimum purchase commitment. Performance obligations are limited to the service requested and received to date. Accordingly, there is no unsatisfied performance obligation associated with WPD’s DUoS contracts.

Pennsylvania Regulated Segment Revenue (PPL and PPL Electric)

The Pennsylvania Regulated Segment generates substantially all of its revenues from contracts with customers from PPL Electric’s tariff-based distribution and transmission of electricity.

Distribution Revenue

PPL Electric provides distribution services to residential, commercial, industrial, municipal and governmental end users of energy. PPL Electric satisfies its performance obligation to its distribution customers and revenue is recognized over-time as electricity is delivered and simultaneously consumed by the customer. The amount of revenue recognized is the volume of electricity delivered during the period multiplied by a per-unit of energy tariff, plus a monthly fixed charge. This method of recognition fairly presents PPL Electric's transfer of electric service to the customer as the calculation is based on actual volumes, and the per-unit of energy tariff rate and the monthly fixed charge are set by the PUC. Customers are typically billed monthly and outstanding amounts are typically due within 21 days of the date of the bill.

Distribution customers are "at will" customers of PPL Electric with no term contract and no minimum purchase commitment. Performance obligations are limited to the service requested and received to date. Accordingly, there is no unsatisfied performance obligation associated with PPL Electric’s retail account contracts.

Transmission Revenue

PPL Electric generates transmission revenues from a FERC-approved PJM Open Access Transmission Tariff. An annual revenue requirement for PPL Electric to provide transmission services is calculated using a formula-based rate. This revenue requirement is converted into a daily rate (dollars per day). PPL Electric satisfies its performance obligation to provide transmission services and revenue is recognized over-time as transmission services are provided and consumed. This method of recognition fairly presents PPL Electric's transfer of transmission services as the daily rate is set by a FERC approved formula-based rate. PJM remits payment on a weekly basis.

PPL Electric's agreement to provide transmission services contains no minimum purchase commitment. The performance obligation is limited to the service requested and received to date. Accordingly, PPL Electric has no unsatisfied performance obligations.

Kentucky Regulated Segment Revenue (PPL, LKE, LG&E and KU)

The Kentucky Regulated Segment generates substantially all of its revenues from contracts with customers from LG&E's and KU's regulated tariff-based sales of electricity and LG&E's regulated tariff-based sales of natural gas.

LG&E and KU are engaged in the generation, transmission, distribution and sale of electricity in Kentucky and, in KU's case, Virginia. LG&E also engages in the distribution and sale of natural gas in Kentucky. Revenue from these activities is generated from tariffs approved by applicable regulatory authorities including the FERC, KPSC and VSCC. LG&E and KU satisfy their performance obligations upon LG&E's and KU's delivery of electricity and LG&E's delivery of natural gas to customers. This revenue is recognized over-time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by LG&E and KU. The amount of revenue recognized is the billed volume of electricity or natural gas delivered multiplied by a tariff rate per-unit of energy, plus any applicable fixed charges or additional regulatory mechanisms. Customers are billed monthly and outstanding amounts are typically due within 22 days of the date of the bill. Additionally, unbilled revenues are recognized as a result of customers' bills rendered throughout the month, rather than bills being rendered at the end of the month. Unbilled revenues for a month are calculated by multiplying an estimate of unbilled kWh or Mcf delivered but not yet billed by the estimated average cents per kWh or Mcf. Any difference between estimated and actual revenues is adjusted the following month when the previous unbilled estimate is reversed and actual billings occur. This method of recognition fairly presents LG&E's and KU's transfer of electricity and LG&E's transfer of natural gas to the customer as the amount recognized is based on actual and estimated volumes delivered and the tariff rate per-unit of energy and any applicable fixed charges or regulatory mechanisms as set by the respective regulatory body.

LG&E's and KU's customers generally have no minimum purchase commitment. Performance obligations are limited to the service requested and received to date. Accordingly, there is no unsatisfied performance obligation associated with these customers.

(All Registrants)

The following tables reconcile "Operating Revenues" included in each Registrant's Statement of Income with revenues generated from contracts with customers for the periods ended September 30, 2018.



	Three Months
	PPL			PPL Electric			LKE			LG&E			KU
Operating Revenues (a)	$	1,872		$	548		$	802		$	362		$	447
Revenues derived from:
Alternative revenue programs (b)	(4		)	(3		)	(1		)	(4		)	3
Other (c)	(15		)	(3		)	(5		)	(2		)	(3		)
Revenues from Contracts with Customers	$	1,853		$	542		$	796		$	356		$	447



	Nine Months
	PPL			PPL Electric			LKE			LG&E			KU
Operating Revenues (a)	$	5,846		$	1,704		$	2,417		$	1,116		$	1,332
Revenues derived from:
Alternative revenue programs (b)	37			(1		)	38			16			22
Other (c)	(43		)	(9		)	(14		)	(5		)	(9		)
Revenues from Contracts with Customers	$	5,840		$	1,694		$	2,441		$	1,127		$	1,345


(a)	PPL includes $517 million and $1.7 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 of revenues from external customers reported by the U.K. Regulated segment. PPL Electric and LKE represent revenues from external customers reported by the Pennsylvania Regulated and Kentucky Regulated segments. See Note 3 for additional information.

(b)

Alternative revenue programs for PPL Electric include the over/under-collection of its transmission formula rate. Alternative revenue programs for LKE, LG&E and KU include the over/under collection for the ECR and DSM programs as well as LG&E's over/under collection of its GLT program and KU's over/under collection of its generation formula rate. Over-collections of revenue are shown as positive amounts in the table above; under-collections are shown as negative amounts.


(c)	Represents additional revenues outside the scope of revenues from contracts with customers such as leases and other miscellaneous revenues.

As discussed in Note 2 in PPL's 2017 Form 10-K, PPL's segments are segmented by geographic location. Revenues from external customers for each segment/geographic location are reconciled to revenues from contracts with customers in the table above. For PPL Electric, revenues from contracts with customers are further disaggregated by distribution and transmission, which were $442 million and $100 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and $1.4 billion and $306 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

The following tables show revenues from contracts with customers disaggregated by customer class for the periods ended September 30, 2018.



	Three Months
	PPL		PPL Electric		LKE		LG&E		KU
Licensed energy suppliers (a)	$	475	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Residential	647		328		319		162		157
Commercial	307		88		219		112		107
Industrial	156		12		144		45		99
Other (b)	119		14		65		27		39
Wholesale - municipal	30		—		30		—		30
Wholesale - other (c)	19		—		19		10		15
Transmission	100		100		—		—		—
Revenues from Contracts with Customers	$	1,853	$	542	$	796	$	356	$	447



	Nine Months
	PPL		PPL Electric		LKE		LG&E		KU
Licensed energy suppliers (a)	$	1,606	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Residential	2,039		1,036		1,003		505		498
Commercial	928		275		653		343		310
Industrial	466		37		429		134		295
Other (b)	339		40		200		88		113
Wholesale - municipal	91		—		91		—		91
Wholesale - other (c)	65		—		65		57		38
Transmission	306		306		—		—		—
Revenues from Contracts with Customers	$	5,840	$	1,694	$	2,441	$	1,127	$	1,345


(a)	Represents customers of WPD.


(b)	Primarily includes revenues from pole attachments, street lighting, other public authorities and other non-core businesses.


(c)	Includes wholesale power and transmission revenues. LG&E and KU amounts include intercompany power sales and transmission revenues, which are eliminated upon consolidation at LKE.

Contract receivables from customers are primarily included in "Accounts receivable - Customer" and "Unbilled revenues" on the Balance Sheets.

The following table shows the accounts receivable balances that were impaired for the periods ended September 30, 2018.



	Three Months		Nine Months
PPL	$	11	$	24
PPL Electric	7		17
LKE	4		7
LG&E	2		3
KU	2		4

The following table shows the balances of contract liabilities resulting from contracts with customers.



	PPL		PPL Electric		LKE		LG&E		KU
Contract liabilities as of December 31, 2017	$	29	$	19	$	8	$	4	$	4
Contract liabilities as of September 30, 2018	40		17		8		4		4

The following table shows the revenue recognized during the period ended September 30, 2018 that was included in the contract liability balance at December 31, 2017.



	Nine Months
PPL	$	22
PPL Electric	8
LKE	8
LG&E	4
KU	4

Contract liabilities result from recording contractual billings in advance for customer attachments to the Registrants' infrastructure and payments received in excess of revenues earned to date. Advanced billings for customer attachments are recognized as revenue ratably over the billing period. Payments received in excess of revenues earned to date are recognized as revenue as services are delivered in subsequent periods.

At September 30, 2018, PPL had $65 million of performance obligations attributable to Corporate and Other that have not been satisfied. Of this amount, PPL expects to recognize approximately $44 million within the next 12 months.