-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Uykm2BBgy+oLXHHbKFhoXnBW+WTBKUdmjlN5iJBGZ2Y9iaBAoLv3HnbO5gemBM2E Px3yMrXRXEQq5rWGj2Ppaw== 0000950130-96-000111.txt : 19960117 0000950130-96-000111.hdr.sgml : 19960117 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950130-96-000111 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: SC 14D9 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 17 FILED AS OF DATE: 19960116 SROS: NYSE SUBJECT COMPANY: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LORAL CORP /NY/ CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000060357 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SEARCH, DETECTION, NAVIGATION, GUIDANCE, AERONAUTICAL SYS [3812] IRS NUMBER: 131718360 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NY FISCAL YEAR END: 0331 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: SC 14D9 SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 005-14282 FILM NUMBER: 96503328 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 600 THIRD AVE CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10016 BUSINESS PHONE: 2126971105 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 600 THIRD AVENUE CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10016 FILED BY: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LORAL CORP /NY/ CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000060357 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SEARCH, DETECTION, NAVIGATION, GUIDANCE, AERONAUTICAL SYS [3812] IRS NUMBER: 131718360 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NY FISCAL YEAR END: 0331 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: SC 14D9 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 600 THIRD AVE CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10016 BUSINESS PHONE: 2126971105 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 600 THIRD AVENUE CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10016 SC 14D9 1 SCHEDULE 14D-9 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 ---------------- SCHEDULE 14D-9 SOLICITATION/RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 14(D)(4) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 ---------------- LORAL CORPORATION (Name of Subject Company) LORAL CORPORATION (Name of Person(s) Filing Statement) COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $.25 PER SHARE (Title of Class of Securities) 543859 10 2 (CUSIP Number of Class of Securities) ---------------- MICHAEL B. TARGOFF SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY LORAL CORPORATION 600 THIRD AVENUE NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10016 (212) 697-1105 (Name and address and telephone number of person authorized to receive notice and communications on behalf of the person(s) filing statement) with a copy to: BRUCE R. KRAUS, ESQ. WILLKIE FARR & GALLAGHER ONE CITICORP CENTER 153 EAST 53RD STREET NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10022 (212) 821-8000 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ITEM 1. SECURITY AND SUBJECT COMPANY. The name of the subject company is Loral Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Company"), and the address of the principal executive offices of the Company is 600 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10016. The title of the class of equity securities to which this statement relates is the common stock (the "Common Stock"), par value $.25 per share, of the Company, and the associated preferred stock purchase rights (the "Rights", and together with the Common Stock, the "Shares"). The Rights will be issued on January 22, 1996 pursuant to a Rights Agreement, dated as of January 10, 1996, as amended, between the Company and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agreement"), and will be evidenced by and trade with certificates evidencing Common Stock. See Section 3 for a brief description of the Rights Agreement and its application to the Offer and the Merger (as hereinafter defined). ITEM 2. TENDER OFFER OF THE BIDDER. This statement relates to a tender offer (the "Offer") by LAC Acquisition Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Purchaser") and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, a Maryland corporation ("Parent"), disclosed in a Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 (the "Schedule 14D- 1"), dated January 12, 1996, for all outstanding Shares for a per Share consideration of $38.00 net in cash to the seller, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 7, 1996 (the "Merger Agreement"), among Parent, the Purchaser and the Company. Pursuant to the provisions of the Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement, dated as of January 7, 1996 (the "Distribution Agreement"), among the Company, certain of its subsidiaries and Parent, immediately prior to the consummation of the Offer, the Company intends to (i) transfer the space and telecommunications businesses of the Company and its subsidiaries, including, without limitation, the Company's direct and indirect interests in Globalstar, L.P. ("Globalstar"), Space Systems/Loral, Inc. ("SS/L") and other affiliated businesses, to Loral Space & Communications Ltd., a newly-formed Bermuda company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Loral Space"), and (ii) declare a dividend (conditioned upon consummation of the Offer) of one share of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of Loral Space (the "Loral Space Shares"), for each Share held of record as of a date (the "Spin-Off Record Date") determined by the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board"). The transactions referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) of the previous sentence are hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Spin-Off." In connection with the Spin-Off, the Distribution Agreement also provides that Parent will contribute to the Company, simultaneously with the consummation of the Offer, a cash amount in immediately available funds of $712.4 million (subject to adjustment under certain circumstances as set forth in the Merger Agreement), which amount will be transferred to Loral Space. Of the total contributed, $344 million is designated as consideration for preferred stock of Loral Space that is convertible into 20% of Loral Space's common stock. After giving effect to the foregoing transactions, the assets of the Company will consist of the defense electronics and systems integration businesses and other businesses of the Company not transferred to Loral Space (collectively, the "Retained Business") and a 20% equity interest in Loral Space in the form of the preferred stock described above. The Merger Agreement also provides that, following completion of the Offer and the approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement by the shareholders of the Company, if required by applicable law, and the satisfaction or waiver of the other conditions to the Merger, the Purchaser will be merged (the "Merger") with and into the Company, with the Company being the corporation surviving the Merger (the "Surviving Corporation"). The Offer, the Spin-Off and the Merger are hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Transaction." Based on the information in the Schedule 14D-1, the principal executive offices of the Purchaser and Parent are located at 6801 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817. ITEM 3. IDENTITY AND BACKGROUND. (a) The name and address of the Company, which is the person filing this statement, are set forth in Item 1 above. 2 (b) Certain contracts, agreements, arrangements or understandings between the Company or its affiliates and (i) the Company, its executive officers, directors or affiliates or (ii) the Purchaser, its executive officers, directors or affiliates are described at pages 10 through 13 of the Company's Proxy Statement, dated June 26, 1995, relating to the Company's 1995 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "1995 Proxy Statement"). Copies of such pages are filed as Exhibit 1 hereto and are incorporated herein by reference. As of the date hereof, except as described below or as set forth in either Schedule I to this Statement or pages 10 through 13 of the 1995 Proxy Statement (each of which is incorporated herein by reference), there exists no material contract, agreement, arrangement or understanding and no actual or potential conflict of interest between the Company or its affiliates and (i) the Company's executive officers, directors or affiliates, or (ii) Purchaser or Purchaser's executive officers, directors or affiliates. COMPENSATORY ARRANGEMENTS WITH EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Annual Bonus Plan The Company's executive officers participate in the Loral Corporation Incentive Compensation Plan for Senior Executives (the "Annual Bonus Plan"). This Annual Bonus Plan was adopted by the Compensation and Stock Option Committee of the Board (the "Compensation Committee") on June 23, 1994, and approved by the Company's shareholders on July 26, 1994. The following is a general description of the Annual Bonus Plan. The Annual Bonus Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee. Participants include the Company's executive officers and any other senior officers of the Company designated by the Compensation Committee. The Annual Bonus Plan authorizes the Compensation Committee to set such performance targets as are appropriate relating to one or more of the following: revenues, earnings per share, profit before or after taxes, net income, or operating income; return on or growth in shareholders' equity; return on assets, capital or investment; stock price performance; attainment of expense reduction levels; and implementation or completion of critical projects. The goals established by the Committee can be different each year and different goals may be set for different participants. The Committee may permit participants to elect that up to 100% of their annual bonus, which would otherwise be paid in cash, be deferred and used to fund acquisitions of restricted Common Stock awarded in accordance with the incentive stock purchase provisions of the 1994 Stock Plan (described below). The Annual Bonus Plan caps the maximum annual incentive compensation element for any participant at $9 million, including the fair market value of any Common Stock awarded under the incentive stock purchase provisions of the 1994 Stock Plan. This limit is adjusted according to changes in the Consumer Price Index. 1994 Stock Option and Incentive Stock Purchase Plan The Company's executive officers participate in the Loral Corporation 1994 Stock Option and Incentive Stock Purchase Plan (the "1994 Stock Plan"). This 1994 Stock Plan was adopted by the Compensation Committee on June 23, 1994, and approved by the Company's shareholders on July 26, 1994. The following is a general description of the 1994 Stock Plan. Awards granted under the 1994 Stock Plan may be "incentive stock options" within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code"), nonqualified stock options or incentive stock purchase awards. All options and incentive stock purchase awards relate to Common Stock. The 1994 Stock Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee, which selects the participants, determines the number and duration of the options to be granted and the terms and conditions of option agreements and sets limitations on the extent to which a participant's earned annual bonus may be deferred and applied to the funding of restricted stock. The Compensation Committee may establish performance or other 3 conditions which must be satisfied for options to become exercisable or for incentive stock purchase awards to vest. The Compensation Committee may also provide for accelerated vesting of options and incentive stock purchase awards upon certain prescribed events, or in its discretion. In addition to executive officers, participants may include all other senior officers of the Company, all group and divisional officers and such other key employees of the Company and its operating subsidiaries as are designated by the Compensation Committee. Non-employee directors are not eligible to participate in the 1994 Stock Plan. The Compensation Committee may permit participants in the 1994 Stock Plan to elect that up to 100% of their annual bonus which would otherwise be paid in cash, either under the Annual Bonus Plan or under any other Company bonus plan, be deferred into a Restricted Stock Purchase Account which will be used to fund acquisitions of Common Stock, subject to such maximums as the Committee may establish from time to time. Other Stock Plans In addition to the 1994 Stock Plan, executive officers of the Company hold stock options granted under the Company's 1983 Stock Option Plan and 1986 Stock Option Plan, as well as shares of restricted stock acquired under the Company's 1987 Restricted Stock Purchase Plan. Options and Restricted Stock Held by Executive Officers and Directors Information describing stock options and shares of restricted stock held by the Company's five most highly-compensated executive officers as of the last day of its fiscal year ending March 31, 1995 are set forth in the pages of the 1995 Proxy Statement which are incorporated herein by reference. The following information gives effect to the two-for-one stock split distributed on September 29, 1995. On June 6, 1995, the Company granted options to purchase 150,000 shares of Common Stock to Mr. Frank C. Lanza, and options to purchase 70,000 shares of Common Stock to each of Messrs. Michael P. DeBlasio, Robert V. LaPenta, and Michael B. Targoff. All options were granted under the 1994 Stock Plan at a price of $23.8125 per share, the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. On July 25, 1995, the Company granted an option to purchase 400,000 shares to Mr. Bernard L. Schwartz. The option was granted under the 1994 Stock Plan at a price of $27.2344 per share, the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. All non-employee directors of the Company other than Messrs. Gittis, Lazarus, Shinn and Simon hold options to purchase 20,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock at a price of $8.86 per share. As of December 31, 1995, the executive officers of the Company held, as a group, (i) an aggregate of 28,550 shares of restricted stock and (ii) options to purchase an aggregate of 3,242,728 shares of Common Stock. Exercise prices applicable to these options range from $3.00 per share to $27.2344 per share. Treatment of Options and Restricted Stock in the Merger The treatment of outstanding stock options and shares of restricted stock upon consummation of the Offer is discussed below under the heading "The Merger Agreement." Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan The Loral Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the "SERP"), adopted by the Board effective April 1, 1995, provides supplemental retirement benefits to Company employees which generally makes up for certain reductions in retirement benefits caused by limitations imposed under the Code. Information concerning the SERP is set forth on page 12 of the 1995 Proxy Statement which is incorporated herein by reference. All executive officers of the Company participate in the SERP. The description of the SERP referred to above does 4 not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan which is attached hereto as Exhibit 2 and incorporated by reference herein. Supplemental Bonus Program The Board has adopted the Loral Corporation Supplemental Bonus Program. Under this program, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Bernard L. Schwartz, may designate key employees of the Company (including executive officers) to receive bonuses (referred to below in the description of the Merger Agreement as "Transaction Bonuses") in connection with the successful consummation of the Offer. The aggregate amount payable under the program may not exceed the difference between (1) $40 million and (2) the cash amount payable to Mr. Schwartz pursuant to his Restated Employment Agreement with the Company dated April 1, 1990, as amended June 14, 1994, as a result of the consummation of the Offer. The amount so payable to Mr. Schwartz is approximately $18 million (see discussion below under "The Merger Agreement"). The description of the Supplemental Bonus Program referred to above does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Supplemental Bonus Program which is attached hereto as Exhibit 3 and incorporated by reference herein. Supplemental Severance Program The Company has adopted the Loral Corporation Supplemental Severance Program which will provide enhanced severance benefits for up to 150 Company employees upon a dismissal without "cause" or a voluntary termination for "good reason" within twenty-four months after the consummation of the Offer. The benefits under this program, which are payable in addition to a participant's regular severance benefits, will generally be equal to one year's base salary and bonus, plus the cost of acquiring continued welfare benefits coverage for a period of one year. Also, if a participant's regular severance benefits are reduced after the consummation of the Offer, the benefits payable under the program are increased by an equivalent amount. In no event may the payments made to any participant exceed the maximum amount which can be so paid without causing the payments to be treated as "excess parachute payments" for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. The description of the Supplemental Severance Program referred to above does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Supplemental Severance Program which is attached hereto as Exhibit 4 and incorporated by reference herein. Employment Protection Agreements Effective as of January 7, 1996, the Company entered into "Employment Protection Agreements" with each of Messrs. Frank C. Lanza, Michael P. DeBlasio, Robert V. LaPenta, Michael B. Targoff, Eric J. Zahler, Nicholas C. Moren, Lawrence H. Schwartz, Stephen L. Jackson, Harvey B. Rein, Frederick W. Rhodes, Felix W. Fenter, Hugh Bennett, Jay A. Musselman, Arthur E. Johnson and Jimmie V. Adams. The Employment Protection Agreements provide for certain payments to be made to the executive in the event of a termination without "cause" or a voluntary termination for "good reason" which occurs within three years following a "Change of Control." The definition of "Change of Control" for this purpose excludes (1) the consummation of the Offer or the consummation of any transaction approved by the Company's incumbent directors as a result of which Parent acquires substantially all of the Company's voting securities or defense electronics and systems integration businesses, and (2) any other transaction approved by the Company's incumbent directors. The amount payable to an executive upon a termination without cause, or a voluntary termination for good reason, is equal to all accrued compensation and benefits, plus an amount equal to three times the sum of (1) the executive's base salary and annual bonus, (2) the average annual compensation received by the executive under the Company's restricted stock plan over the three fiscal years prior to the Change of Control and (3) the present value of the cost of obtaining continued welfare benefit coverage for a period of three years. In addition, in the event such payments (together with any other payments received by the Executive) would be considered "excess parachute payments" under Section 280G of the Code subjecting the executive to an excise tax imposed under Section 4999 of the Code (the "Excise Tax"), the Executive would be entitled to receive an additional "gross 5 up" payment in an amount which, after deduction of all income taxes and excise taxes applicable thereto, is equal to the Excise Tax so imposed. The Employment Protection Agreements will terminate upon the consummation of the Offer or any transaction approved by the Company's incumbent directors as a result of which Parent acquires substantially all of the Company's voting securities or defense electronics and systems integration businesses. The description of the Employment Protection Agreements referred to above does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of Employment Protection Agreement which is attached hereto as Exhibit 5 and incorporated by reference herein. Employment Protection Plan The Company has adopted the Loral Corporation Employment Protection Plan effective January 7, 1996. The Employment Protection Plan, like the Employment Protection Agreements, provides for payments to participating employees upon a termination without "cause" or a voluntary termination for "good reason" occurring within three years after a "Change of Control." As with the Employment Protection Agreements, the definition of Change of Control for this purpose excludes (1) the consummation of the Offer or the consummation of any transaction approved by the Company's incumbent directors as a result of which Parent acquires substantially all of the Company's voting securities or defense electronics and systems integration businesses and (2) any other transaction approved by the Company's incumbent directors. The amount payable to participants in the Employment Protection Plan upon an eligible termination is equal to all accrued compensation and benefits, plus an amount equal to two times the sum of (1) the employee's annual salary and bonus and (2) the average annual compensation received by the employee under the Company's restricted stock plan over the three fiscal years prior to the change of control. Eligible employees are also entitled to continued welfare benefits coverage, at the Company's expense, for a period of three years. The maximum amounts payable to participants under the Employment Protection Plan, however, may not exceed the maximum amount which can be paid without causing such payments to be treated as "excess parachute payments" for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. The Employment Protection Plan will terminate upon the successful consummation of the Offer or any transaction approved by the Company's incumbent directors as a result of which Parent acquires substantially all of the Company's voting securities or defense electronics and systems integration businesses. The description of the Employment Protection Plan referred to above does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Employment Protection Plan which is attached hereto as Exhibit 6 and incorporated by reference herein. BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF LORAL SPACE It is anticipated that the members of the Board, other than Mr. Lanza, will become members of the Board of Directors of Loral Space, and that Mr. Schwartz will serve as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Loral Space. Mr. Schwartz's compensation arrangements are expected to be substantially similar to his existing arrangements with the Company, with such changes as Mr. Schwartz and the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of Loral Space shall agree. Certain senior executive officers of the Company are expected to serve in such positions with Loral Space. INDEMNIFICATION Pursuant to Section 722 of the New York Business Corporation Law ("NYBCL"), a corporation incorporated under the laws of the State of New York is permitted to indemnify its current and former directors, officers, employees and agents under certain circumstances against certain liabilities and expenses incurred by 6 them by reason of their serving in such capacities, if such persons acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. The Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Charter") provides, among other things, that the Company will indemnify each of its directors and officers, against all reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, actually and necessarily incurred by him in connection with the defense of such action, suit or proceeding, or in connection with any appeal therein, arising by reason of fact that he was a director or officer of the Company, except in relation to matters as to which it shall be adjudged in such action, suit or proceeding that such officer or director is liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his duties. EXISTING BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PARENT AND THE COMPANY Parent and the Company regularly engage in arms' length purchases of goods and services from one another in the ordinary course of their respective businesses. THE MERGER AGREEMENT The following summary of the Merger Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Merger Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 7 hereto and incorporated herein by reference. The Offer. The Merger Agreement provides for the making of the Offer by the Purchaser. The Purchaser has agreed to accept for payment and pay for all Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer as soon as practicable following the date on which the Offer expires (the "Expiration Date") and to extend the Offer until immediately following the Spin-Off Record Date and the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Antitrust Laws (as defined below). The obligation of Purchaser to accept for payment and pay for Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer is subject to (i) the satisfaction or waiver of all of the conditions to the Spin-Off, (ii) the tender and non- withdrawal of Shares which, when added to the Shares then beneficially owned by Parent, constitute two-thirds of the outstanding Shares and represent two- thirds of the voting power of the outstanding Shares on a fully diluted basis, and (iii) the satisfaction of certain other conditions described in Section 15 of the Schedule 14D-1. The Purchaser has agreed that, without the written consent of the Company, no amendment to the Offer may be made which changes the form of consideration to be paid or decreases the price per Share, the number of Shares sought in the Offer or which imposes additional conditions to the Offer other than those described in Section 15 of the Schedule 14D-1 or amends any other term of the Offer in any manner materially adverse to holders of Shares. The Merger. The Merger Agreement provides that, following the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, and the satisfaction or waiver of the other conditions to the Merger, the Purchaser will be merged with and into the Company. The Merger will become effective at such time (the "Effective Time") as a certificate of merger or, if applicable, a certificate of ownership and merger, is filed with the Secretary of State of the State of New York in the manner required by the NYBCL. At the Effective Time, (i) except as provided in (ii) below, each Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time will be converted into the right to receive $38.00 in cash, or any higher price paid per Share in the Offer, without interest (the "Merger Price"); (ii) (a) each Share held in the treasury of the Company or held by any subsidiary of the Company (other than a subsidiary that will be owned directly or indirectly by the Company following the Spin-Off (each such company a "Retained Subsidiary")) and each Share held by Parent or any subsidiary of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time will be cancelled and retired and cease to exist; provided, that Shares held beneficially or of record by any plan, program or arrangement sponsored or maintained for the benefit of employees of Parent or the Company or any subsidiaries thereof will not be deemed to be held by Parent or the Company regardless of whether Parent or the Company has, directly or indirectly, the power to vote or control the disposition of such shares; (b) each Share held by any 7 holder who has not voted in favor of the Merger and has delivered a written objection to the Merger and demanded fair value with respect to such Share in accordance with Section 623 of the NYBCL will not be converted into or be exchangeable for the right to receive the Merger Price (the "Dissenting Shares"); and (iii) each share of common stock of the Purchaser issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of the Effective Time will be converted into and exchangeable for one share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation. The Company will take all actions (including, but not limited to, obtaining any and all consents from employees to the matters contemplated by Section 2.10 of the Merger Agreement) necessary to provide that all outstanding options and other rights to acquire Shares ("Stock Options") granted under any stock option plan, program or similar arrangement of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company, each as amended (the "Option Plans"), will become fully exercisable and vested on the date (the "Vesting Date") which will be set by the Company and which, in any event, shall be not less than 30 days prior to the consummation of the Offer, whether or not otherwise exercisable and vested. All Stock Options which are outstanding immediately prior to Purchaser's acceptance for payment and payment for Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer will be cancelled as of the consummation of the Offer and the holders thereof (other than holders who are subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")) will be entitled to receive from the Company, for each Share subject to such Stock Option, (1) an amount in cash equal to the difference between the Merger Price and the exercise price per share of such Stock Option, which amount will be payable upon consummation of the Offer, plus (2) one share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share of Loral Space ("Loral Space Common Stock"), which will be held by an escrow agent pending delivery on the Distribution Date (as defined below). All applicable withholding taxes attributable to the payments made hereunder or to distributions contemplated hereby will be deducted from the amounts payable under clause (1) above and all such taxes attributable to the exercise of Stock Options on or after the Vesting Date will be withheld from the proceeds received in the Offer or the Merger, as the case may be, in respect of the Shares issuable on such exercise. The Company will take all actions (including, but not limited to, obtaining any and all consents from employees to the matters contemplated by the Merger Agreement) necessary to provide that all restrictions on transferability with respect to each Share which is granted pursuant to the Company's 1987 Restricted Stock Purchase Plan (the "1987 Plan") and which is outstanding and not vested on the Vesting Date will lapse, and each such Share will become free of restrictions as of the Vesting Date. All applicable withholding taxes attributable to the vesting of restricted Shares will be withheld from the proceeds received in respect of such Shares in the Offer or the Merger, as the case may be. Except as provided in the Merger Agreement or as otherwise agreed to by the parties and to the extent permitted by the Option Plans and the 1987 Plan, (i) the Option Plans and the 1987 Plan will terminate as of the Effective Time and the provisions in any other plan, program or arrangement, providing for the issuance or grant by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any interest in respect of the capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries will be deleted as of the Effective Time and (ii) the Company will use all reasonable efforts to ensure that following the Effective Time no holder of Stock Options or any participant in the Option Plans or any other such plans, programs or arrangements will have any right thereunder to acquire any equity securities of the Company, the Surviving Corporation or any subsidiary thereof. The Merger Agreement provides that the Charter and by-laws of the Company at the Effective Time will be the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with applicable law; provided, that promptly following the Effective Time, the certificate of incorporation of the Company will be amended to change the name of the Surviving Corporation so that the word "Loral" will be deleted therefrom. The Merger Agreement also provides that the directors and officers of the Purchaser at the Effective Time will be the initial directors and officers of the Surviving Corporation and will hold office from the Effective Time until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualify in the manner provided in the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Surviving Corporation, or as otherwise provided by applicable law. 8 Recommendation. In the Merger Agreement, the Company states that the Board has unanimously (i) determined that the Offer, the Merger and the Spin-Off are fair to and in the best interests of the shareholders of the Company and (ii) resolved to recommend acceptance of the Offer and approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement and the Merger by the shareholders of the Company. Interim Agreements of Parent, Purchaser and the Company. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company has covenanted and agreed that, during the period from the date of the Merger Agreement to the consummation of the Offer and until such time as the directors designated by Parent in accordance with the Merger Agreement constitute in their entirety a majority of the Company's Board (the "Board Reorganization"), the Company and its subsidiaries (other than Loral Space and the Loral Space Companies (as defined below)) will each conduct its operations according to its ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice, and will use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) preserve intact its business organization, (ii) maintain its material rights and franchises, (iii) keep available the services of its officers and key employees, and (iv) keep in full force and effect insurance comparable in amount and scope of coverage to that maintained as of the date of the Merger Agreement (collectively the "Ordinary Course Obligations"); provided, that Loral Space and the Loral Space Companies will comply with the Ordinary Course Obligations to the extent that non-compliance therewith could adversely affect the Retained Business or adversely affect (or materially delay) the consummation of the Offer, the Merger or the Spin-Off. "Loral Space Companies" means Loral General Partner, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("LGP"), SS/L, Globalstar, Globalstar Telecommunications Limited, a company organized under the laws of Bermuda ("GTL"), Loral Globalstar, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Loral Globalstar Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation ("LGL"), K&F Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("K&F"), Loral/QUALCOMM Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ("LQP"), Loral/QUALCOMM Satellite Services, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ("LQSS"), Continental Satellite Corporation, a California corporation ("Continental"), Loral Travel Services Inc., a Delaware corporation, Loral Properties Inc., a Delaware corporation and each of the subsidiaries of such companies. Without limiting the generality of and in addition to the foregoing, and except as otherwise contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement (as defined below) or the Distribution Agreement (the Tax Sharing Agreement together with the Distribution Agreement, the "Ancillary Agreements"), prior to the consummation of the Offer and the Board Reorganization, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries (other than Loral Space and the Loral Space Companies insofar as any action of the type specified below could not adversely affect the Retained Business and could not adversely affect (or materially delay) the Offer, the Spin-Off or the Merger) will, without the prior written consent of Parent: (a) amend its charter or by-laws other than filing a Certificate of Amendment of the Company's Charter as contemplated by the Rights Agreement; (b) subject to certain exceptions, authorize for issuance, issue, sell, deliver or agree to commit to issue, sell or deliver (whether through the issuance or granting of options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions, rights to purchase or otherwise) any stock of any class or any other securities or amend any of the terms of any such securities or agreements (subject to certain exceptions); (c) split, combine or reclassify any shares of its capital stock, declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its capital stock (other than pursuant to the Rights Agreement) or redeem or otherwise acquire any of its securities or any securities of its subsidiaries (other than pursuant to the Rights Agreement); provided, that the Company may declare and pay to holders of Shares regular quarterly dividends of not more than $0.08 per Share on the dividend declaration and payment dates normally applicable to the Shares; (d) (i) pledge or otherwise encumber shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; or (ii) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices, (A) incur, assume or prepay any long-term debt or incur, assume, or prepay letters of credit or any material short-term debt; (B) assume, guarantee, endorse or otherwise become liable or responsible (whether directly, contingently or otherwise) for any material obligations of any other person except wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company; (C) make any material loans, advances or capital contributions to, or investments in, any other person; (iii) change the practices of the Company and its Retained Subsidiaries with respect to the timing of payments or collections; or (D) mortgage or pledge any assets of the Retained Business, or create or permit to exist any material lien thereupon; (e) except (i) as disclosed in 9 the disclosure schedule to the Merger Agreement and except for arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices, (ii) as required by law or (iii) as specifically provided for in the Merger Agreement or Distribution Agreement enter into, adopt or materially amend any bonus, profit sharing, compensation, severance, termination, stock option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock, performance unit, pension, retirement, deferred compensation, employment, severance or other employee benefit agreements, trusts, plans, funds or other arrangements of or for the benefit or welfare of any Retained Employee (i.e., all current and former officers and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, other than Loral Space employees) (or any other person for whom the Retained Business will have liability), or (except for normal increases in the ordinary course of business that are consistent with past practices) increase in any manner the compensation or fringe benefits of any Retained Employee (or any other person for whom the Retained Business will have liability), or pay any benefit not required by any existing plan and arrangement (including, without limitation, the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, shares of restricted stock or performance units) or enter into any contract, agreement, commitment or arrangement to do any of the foregoing; (f) transfer, sell, lease, license or dispose of any lines of business, subsidiaries, divisions, operating units or facilities (other than facilities currently closed or currently proposed to be closed) relating to the Retained Business outside the ordinary course of business or enter into any material commitment or transaction with respect to the Retained Business outside the ordinary course of business; (g) acquire or agree to acquire, by merging or consolidating with, by purchasing an equity interest in or a portion of the assets of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation, partnership, association or other business organization or division thereof, or otherwise acquire or agree to acquire any assets of any other person (other than the purchase of assets in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice), in each case where such action would be material to the Retained Business; (h) except as may be required by law or as disclosed in the Disclosure Schedule to the Merger Agreement, take any action to terminate or materially amend any of its pension or retiree medical plans with respect to or for the benefit of Retained Employees or any other person for whom the Retained Business will have liability; (i) materially modify, amend or terminate (1) any significant contract related to the Retained Business or waive any material rights or claims of the Retained Business, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or (2) any contract having an aggregate contract value of $100 million or greater, whether or not in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, unless such modification, amendment or termination does not materially diminish the projected profit or materially increase the projected loss anticipated from such contract; provided, that nothing contained in this clause shall limit the Company and its subsidiaries in connection with programs or contracts with respect to which Parent or a subsidiary of Parent has submitted, or is reasonably expected to submit, a competing bid; provided further, that the provisions of this clause will not apply to any arrangement, agreement or contract proposal previously submitted by the Company or a subsidiary thereof which proposal, upon acceptance thereof, cannot be revised or withdrawn; (j) effect any material change in any of its methods of accounting in effect as of March 31, 1995, except as may be required by law or generally accepted accounting principles; (k) except as expressly provided in the Merger Agreement, amend, modify, or terminate the Rights Agreement or redeem any Rights thereunder; provided, that if the Board by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment, based as to legal matters upon the written opinion of legal counsel, that the failure to redeem any Rights would likely constitute a breach of the Board's fiduciary duty, the Rights may be redeemed; (l) enter into any material arrangement, agreement or contract that individually or in the aggregate with other material arrangements, agreements and contacts entered into after the date of the Merger Agreement, the Company reasonably expects will adversely affect in a significant manner the Retained Business after the date of the Merger Agreement; provided, that nothing contained in this clause will limit the Company and its subsidiaries from submitting bids for programs or contracts with respect to which the Company reasonably expects Parent or a subsidiary of Parent to submit a bid; and (m) enter into a legally binding commitment with respect to, or any agreement to take, any of the foregoing actions. Acquisition Proposals. In the Merger Agreement, the Company has agreed that the Company and its officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents will immediately cease any existing discussions or negotiations with any parties conducted prior to the date of the Merger Agreement with respect to any Acquisition Proposal (as defined below). The Company and its subsidiaries may not, and will use their best efforts to cause their respective officers, directors, employees and investment bankers, attorneys, accountants or 10 other agents retained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries not to, (i) initiate or solicit, directly or indirectly, any inquiries with respect to, or the making of any Acquisition Proposal, or (ii) except as permitted below, engage in negotiations or discussions with, or furnish any information or data to any Third Party (as defined below) (other than the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and by the Ancillary Agreements). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Merger Agreement, the Company may furnish information to, and participate in discussions or negotiations (including, as a part thereof, making any counter-proposal) with, any Third Party which submits an unsolicited written Acquisition Proposal to the Company if the Board by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment, based as to legal matters upon the written opinion of legal counsel, that the failure to furnish such information or participate in such discussions or negotiations would likely constitute a breach of the Board's fiduciary duties under applicable law; provided, that nothing in the Merger Agreement will prevent the Board from taking, and disclosing to the Company's shareholders, a position contemplated by Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act with regard to any tender offer; provided further, that the Board will not recommend that the shareholders of the Company tender their Shares in connection with any such tender offer unless the Board by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment, based as to legal matters on the written opinion of legal counsel, that failing to take such action would likely constitute a breach of the Board's fiduciary duty; provided further, that the Company may not enter into any agreement with respect to any Acquisition Proposal except concurrently with or after the termination of the Merger Agreement (except with respect to confidentiality and standstill agreements to the extent expressly permitted below). The Company will promptly provide Parent with a copy of any written Acquisition Proposal received and a written statement with respect to any non-written Acquisition Proposal received, which statement shall include the identity of the parties making the Acquisition Proposal and the terms thereof. The Company will promptly inform Parent of the status and content of any discussions regarding any Acquisition Proposal with a Third Party. In no event will the Company provide non-public information regarding the Retained Business to any Third Party making an Acquisition Proposal unless such party enters into a confidentiality agreement containing provisions designed to reasonably protect the confidentiality of such information. In the event that following the date of the Merger Agreement the Company enters into a confidentiality agreement with any Third Party which does not include terms and conditions which are substantially similar to the "standstill" provisions of the confidentiality agreement between the Company and Parent, dated as of December 4, 1995, then Parent and its affiliates will be released from their obligations under such standstill provisions to the same extent as such Third Party. "Acquisition Proposal" means any bona fide proposal, whether in writing or otherwise, made by a Third Party to acquire beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13(d) under the Exchange Act) of all or a material portion of the assets of, or any material equity interest in, any of the Company, a Retained Subsidiary or the Retained Business pursuant to a merger, consolidation or other business combination, sale of shares of capital stock, sale of assets, tender offer or exchange offer or similar transaction involving either the Company, a Retained Subsidiary or the Retained Business, including, without limitation, any single or multi-step transaction or series of related transactions which is structured to permit such Third Party to acquire beneficial ownership of any material portion of the assets of, or any material portion of the equity interest in, either the Company, a Retained Subsidiary or the Retained Business (other than the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements); provided, however, that the term "Acquisition Proposal" does not include any transactions which relate solely to the businesses to be owned by Loral Space and the Loral Space Companies following the Spin-Off and which do not have a material adverse effect on the consummation of the Offer, the Merger, the Spin-Off or the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Board Representation. The Merger Agreement provides that in the event that Purchaser acquires at least a majority of the Shares outstanding pursuant to the Offer, Parent will be entitled to designate for appointment or election to the Board upon written notice to the Company, such number of persons so that such designees of Parent constitute the same percentage (but in no event less than a majority) of the Board (rounded up to the next whole number) as the percentage of Shares acquired in connection with the Offer. Prior to the consummation of the Offer, the Board will obtain the resignation of such number of directors as is necessary to enable such number of Parent designees to be so elected. In connection therewith, the Company will mail to the shareholders of the 11 Company the information required by Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14f-1 thereunder unless such information has previously been provided to such shareholders in the Schedule 14D-9. Parent and the Purchaser will provide to the Company in writing, and be solely responsible for, any information with respect to such companies and their nominees, officers, directors and affiliates required by such Section and Rule. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties to the Merger Agreement will use their respective best efforts to ensure that at least three of the members of the Board will, at all times prior to the Effective Time be, Continuing Directors (as defined in the Merger Agreement). Miscellaneous Agreements. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company has agreed to amend, and has amended, the Rights Agreement as necessary (i) to prevent the Merger Agreement or the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or Distribution Agreement (including, without limitation, the publication or other announcement of the Offer and the consummation of the Offer and the Merger) from resulting in the distribution of separate rights certificates or the occurrence of a "Distribution Date" under the Rights Agreement or being deemed to be a "Triggering Event" or a "Section 13 Event" under the Rights Agreement and (ii) to provide that neither Parent nor the Purchaser will be deemed to be an "Acquiring Person" under the Rights Agreement by reason of such transactions. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, if required under applicable law in order to consummate the Merger, the Company, acting through its Board, will, in accordance with applicable law, its Charter and by-laws and the rules and regulations of the NYSE: (a) duly call, give notice of, convene and hold a special meeting of its shareholders as soon as practicable following the consummation of the Offer for the purpose of considering and taking action on the Merger Agreement (the "Stockholders' Meeting"); (b) subject to its fiduciary duties under applicable laws as advised by counsel, include in the Information Statement prepared by the Company for distribution to shareholders of the Company in advance of the Stockholders' Meeting in accordance with Regulation 14C promulgated under the Exchange Act (the "Information Statement") the recommendation of its Board referred to above; and (c) use its best efforts to (i) obtain and furnish the information required to be included by it in the Information Statement, and, after consultation with Parent, respond promptly to any comments made by the Commission with respect to the Information Statement and any preliminary version thereof and cause the Information Statement to be mailed to its shareholders following the consummation of the Offer and (ii) obtain the necessary approvals of the Merger Agreement by its shareholders. Parent will provide the Company with the information concerning Parent and Purchaser required to be included in the Information Statement and will vote, or cause to be voted, all Shares owned by it or its subsidiaries in favor of approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement. In accordance with the Merger Agreement, simultaneously with the execution of the Merger Agreement, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into the Distribution Agreement. Immediately prior to the Spin-Off Record Date, the Company, Loral Space and certain other parties will enter into the Tax Sharing Agreement (as defined below). From and after the Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to perform any and all obligations and agreements of the Company set forth in the Merger Agreement or in the Ancillary Agreements or in any other agreements contemplated in the Merger Agreement or in the Ancillary Agreements. Parent and Purchaser accept and agree that, subject to the provisions of the Distribution Agreement, the form of certificate of incorporation and by-laws of Loral Space adopted in contemplation of the Spin-Off will be as agreed to by the Company and Loral Space in their sole discretion; provided, that nothing in the certificates of incorporation and by-laws will adversely affect or otherwise limit (i) Loral Space's ability to perform its obligations under the Ancillary Agreements or the other agreements contemplated by the Distribution Agreement or (ii) the Company's or its affiliates' rights under the Stockholders Agreement. In no event shall Parent or Purchaser or any of their subsidiaries be entitled to receive any shares of Loral Space Common Stock as a distribution with respect to Shares purchased upon consummation of the Offer. If, for any reason, any shares of Loral Space Common Stock distributed in the Spin-Off are received by Parent or Purchaser or any of their subsidiaries with respect to Shares acquired by Purchaser in the Offer, then Parent or Purchaser will convey, on behalf of the Company, such shares of Loral Space to the shareholders of the Company who would have otherwise received such shares of Loral Space pursuant to the Distribution Agreement; provided, that the 12 foregoing provisions will not apply with respect to Shares held by Parent or any of its subsidiaries prior to the date of the Merger Agreement. If the Company reasonably determines that the Spin-Off may not be effected without registering the shares of common stock of Loral Space to be distributed in the Spin-Off pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), the Company, Parent and Purchaser, as promptly as practicable, will use their respective best efforts to cause the shares of Loral Space to be registered pursuant to the Securities Act and thereafter effect the Spin-Off in accordance with the terms of the Distribution Agreement including, without limitation, by preparing and filing on an appropriate form a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of Loral Space and using their respective best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective and preparing and making such other filings as may be required under applicable state securities laws. Parent will, and will cause the Surviving Corporation to, treat the Spin-Off for purposes of all federal and state taxes as an integrated transaction with the Offer and the Merger and thus report the Spin-Off as a constructive redemption of a number of Shares equal in value to the value of the Loral Space Common Stock distributed in the Spin-Off. Employment Agreements. Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company will use its best efforts to, and will use its best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to, assign to Loral Space or subsidiaries of Loral Space or terminate all employment agreements with employees of the Company who are not Retained Employees (the "Employment Agreements") and all individual severance agreements with employees of the Company who are not Retained Employees (the "Severance Agreements"). The parties acknowledge and agree that, whether or not such Employment Agreements and Severance Agreements are so assigned or terminated, all liabilities under or arising from such Employment Agreements and Severance Agreements other than as expressly contemplated in the Distribution Agreement or the Merger Agreement will be deemed to be Loral Space Liabilities (as defined in Section 10 of the Schedule 14D-1), with respect to which Loral Space will indemnify the Company and Parent as provided therein. Parent acknowledges and agrees that all employment agreements and severance agreements with the Retained Employees will be binding and enforceable obligations of the Surviving Corporation, except as the parties thereto may otherwise agree. The parties to the Merger Agreement acknowledge and agree that all liabilities under or arising from such agreements with the Retained Employees from and after the consummation of the Offer will be deemed to be Company Liabilities (as defined in the Distribution Agreement), with respect to which the Company and Parent will indemnify Loral Space as provided therein. Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 1996 Bonus. Parent agrees to cause the Company to pay in cash to each Company Bonus Employee (as defined below) to the extent not previously paid, all bonus compensation payable with respect to the fiscal year of the Company ending March 31, 1996 under any bonus program of the Company or its subsidiaries in which such Company Bonus Employee participated prior to the consummation of the Offer or under any employment agreement. Such bonus compensation will be paid at the time or times that comparable bonus compensation was paid to a similarly situated employee after March 31, 1995 with respect to the fiscal year ended March 31, 1995. Bonus compensation which is based on objective criteria will be calculated and paid in accordance with such criteria. With respect to bonus compensation which is wholly or partially discretionary, such bonus compensation will be determined and paid on a basis consistent with past practices of the Company. Subject to the conditions regarding the aggregate amount of discretionary bonuses as described below, the amount of discretionary bonus compensation to be paid to any Company Bonus Employee will be determined by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company in office immediately prior to the date of the consummation of the Offer or by his designee. "Company Bonus Employee" means a person (other than any current or former officer or employee of Loral Space, any Loral Space Company or the Loral Space Business (as defined below) (the "Loral Space Employees")), employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries immediately prior to the date the Offer is consummated, who was eligible to receive a bonus under any bonus program of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in effect at December 31, 1995, or under any employment agreement in effect on such date, with respect to the fiscal year ending March 31, 1996. Loral Space agrees to pay in cash to each Loral Space Bonus Employee (as defined below) to the extent not previously paid, all bonus compensation payable with respect to the fiscal year of the Company ending March 31, 1996 under any bonus program of the Company or its subsidiaries in which such Loral Space Bonus 13 Employee participated prior to the consummation of the Offer or under any employment agreement. Such bonus compensation will be paid at the time or times that comparable bonus compensation was paid to any similarly situated employee after March 31, 1995 with respect to the fiscal year ended March 31, 1995. Bonus compensation which is based on objective criteria will be calculated and paid in accordance with such criteria. With respect to bonus compensation which is wholly or partially discretionary, such bonus compensation will be determined and paid on a basis consistent with past practices of the Company. Subject to the following paragraph, the amount of discretionary bonus compensation to paid to any Loral Space Bonus Employee will be determined by Loral Space. "Loral Space Bonus Employee" means any Loral Space Employee employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries immediately prior to the date the Offer is consummated, who was eligible to receive a bonus under any bonus program of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in effect at December 31, 1995, or under any employment agreement in effect on such date, with respect to the fiscal year ending March 31, 1996. Upon payment of such bonuses to Loral Space Bonus Employees, Loral Space shall submit to Parent a statement showing the individual and aggregate bonus amounts paid to Loral Space Bonus Employees, and Parent will thereupon promptly pay to Loral Space (or cause the Company to pay to Loral Space) the aggregate amount of bonuses so paid; provided, that if the consummation of the Offer occurs prior to March 31, 1996, the amount of such reimbursement will be a prorated amount of the aggregate bonus amounts so paid, based on a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days of the Company's fiscal year ending March 31, 1996 which had elapsed as of the consummation of the Offer, and the denominator of which is 365. The aggregate amount of discretionary bonuses payable to all Company Bonus Employees and Loral Space Bonus Employees as a group for the fiscal year ending March 31, 1996 will not exceed a dollar amount to be mutually agreed to by the Chief Executive Officer of Parent and the Chief Executive Officer of Loral Space; provided, that in the event the Chief Executive Officer of Parent and the Chief Executive Officer of Loral Space cannot agree on such dollar amount, the maximum aggregate amount of discretionary bonuses payable to Company Bonus Employees and Loral Space Bonus Employees shall be based on the aggregate amount of discretionary bonuses paid to all such employees for the Company's fiscal year ending March 31, 1995, increased by a percentage equal to the average of the percentage increases in discretionary bonuses paid to all such employees over the Company's three fiscal years ending March 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995. Transaction Bonus. Pursuant to the "change of control" provisions of the Restated Employment Agreement between the Company and Bernard L. Schwartz dated April 1, 1990, as amended June 14, 1994, the Company will, subject to the following sentences of this paragraph, make a cash payment to Mr. Schwartz upon consummation of or following the Offer, calculated in accordance with such agreement, less $18 million waived by Mr. Schwartz. The net amount payable to Mr. Schwartz, taking this waiver into account, is approximately $18 million. The Company also may make a cash payment of a bonus (inclusive of the amount paid to Mr. Schwartz pursuant to the preceding sentence, the "Transaction Bonus") to Transaction Bonus Employees (as defined below) other than Mr. Schwartz; provided, that the aggregate Transaction Bonus paid will not exceed $40 million; and provided further, that the Transaction Bonus payable to any Transaction Bonus Employee will not exceed the maximum amount which can be paid at such time without such amounts being treated as "excess parachute payments" within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code, taking into account all payments made on or prior to the time the Transaction Bonus is paid (including the value of accelerated vesting of stock options or restricted shares granted under the 1987 Plan determined in accordance with proposed regulations promulgated under Section 280G of the Code) which constitute parachute payments for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. The Transaction Bonus may be paid by the Company, in its discretion, prior to, on or immediately following, the date the Offer is consummated. "Transaction Bonus Employee" means Mr. Schwartz and each person employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries on or prior to the date the Offer is consummated who is selected by Mr. Schwartz to receive a Transaction Bonus. Employment Protection Agreements. The Company may provide for employment protection payments to be made to certain Company employees upon qualifying terminations of employment pursuant to "Employment Protection Agreements" and an "Employment Protection Plan" (each substantially in the forms attached to the Merger Agreement as Exhibits C and D, respectively; together, the "Employment Protection Arrangements") 14 occurring after a change in control of the Company; provided that (i) neither the execution of the Merger Agreement nor the Distribution Agreement, nor any transaction contemplated thereby, will constitute a change in control of the Company for any purpose under the Employment Protection Arrangements or give rise to any rights thereunder and (ii) the Employment Protection Arrangements will terminate as of the consummation of the Offer and no rights thereunder will continue after the consummation of the Offer. Supplemental Severance Program. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company will adopt a severance plan substantially in the form attached to the Merger Agreement as Exhibit E (the "Supplemental Severance Plan") covering up to 150 employees of the Company or its subsidiaries selected by the Company prior to the Effective Time. The Supplemental Severance Program will provide enhanced severance benefits to Company employees upon a dismissal without "cause" or a voluntary termination for "good reason" within twenty-four months after the consummation of the Offer. The benefits under this program, which are payable in addition to a participant's regular severance benefits, will generally be equal to one year's base salary and bonus, plus the cost of acquiring continued welfare benefits coverage for a period of one year. Also, if a participant's regular severance benefits are reduced after the consummation of the Offer, the benefits payable under the program are increased by an equivalent amount. In no event may the payments made to any participant exceed the maximum amount which can be so paid without causing the payments to be treated as "excess parachute payments" for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. Employee Benefits. Except with respect to accruals under any defined benefit pension plans, Parent will, or will cause the Company to, give Retained Employees full credit for purposes of eligibility, vesting and determination of the level of benefits under any employee benefit plans or arrangements maintained by the Parent, the Company or any subsidiary of Parent or Company for such Retained Employees' service with the Company or any subsidiary of the Company to the same extent recognized by the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time. Parent will, or will cause the Company to, (i) waive all limitations as to pre-existing conditions, exclusions and waiting periods with respect to participation and coverage requirements applicable to the Retained Employees under any welfare plans that such employees may be eligible to participate in after the Effective Time, other than limitations or waiting periods that are already in effect with respect to such employees and that have not been satisfied as of the Effective Time under any welfare plan maintained for the Retained Employees immediately prior to the Effective Time, and (ii) provide each Retained Employee with credit for any co-payments and deductibles paid prior to the Effective Time in satisfying any applicable deductible or out-of-pocket requirements under any welfare plans that such employees are eligible to participate in after the Effective Time. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement and without limitation to the provisions below, Parent, Purchaser and the Company agree to use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all action, and to do, or cause to be done, all things reasonably necessary, proper or advisable under applicable laws and regulations to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements (including, without limitation, (i) cooperating in the preparation and filing of the Offer documents, the Schedule 14D-9, the Form 10, the Information Statement and any amendments to any thereof; (ii) cooperating in making available information and personnel in connection with presentations, whether in writing or otherwise, to prospective lenders to Parent and Purchaser that may be asked to provide financing for the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement; (iii) taking of all action reasonably necessary, proper or advisable to secure any necessary consents or waivers under existing debt obligations of the Company and its subsidiaries or amend the notes, indentures or agreements relating thereto to the extent required by such notes, indentures or agreements or redeem or repurchase such debt obligations; (iv) contesting any pending legal proceeding relating to the Offer, the Merger or the Spin-Off; and (v) executing any additional instruments necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements). In case at any time after the Effective Time any further action is necessary to carry out the purposes of the Merger Agreement, the proper officers and directors of each party will use all reasonable efforts to take all such necessary action. 15 Each of the Company, Parent and Purchaser shall cooperate and use their respective reasonable efforts to make all filings and obtain all consents and approvals of governmental authorities (including, without limitation, the Federal Communication Commission ("FCC")) and other third parties necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements. Each of the parties to the Merger Agreement will furnish to the other party such necessary information and reasonable assistance as such other persons may reasonably request in connection with the foregoing. In addition to and without limiting the agreements of Parent and Purchaser described in the immediately preceding paragraph, Parent, Purchaser and the Company will (i) take promptly all actions necessary to make the filings required of Parent, Purchaser or any of their affiliates under the applicable Antitrust Laws, (ii) comply at the earliest practicable date with any request for additional information or documentary material received by Parent, Purchaser or any of their affiliates from the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") or the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (the "Antitrust Division") pursuant to the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act") and from the Commission or other foreign governmental or regulatory authority pursuant to the Antitrust Laws, and (iii) cooperate with the Company in connection with any filing of the Company under applicable Antitrust Laws and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry concerning the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements commenced by any of the FTC, the Antitrust Division, state attorneys general, the Commission, or other foreign governmental or regulatory authorities. In furtherance and not in limitation of the covenants of Parent and Purchaser described above, Parent, Purchaser and the Company shall each use all reasonable efforts to resolve such objections, if any, as may be asserted with respect to the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements under any Antitrust Law. If any administrative, judicial or legislative action or proceeding is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) challenging the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements as violative of any Antitrust Law, Parent, Purchaser and the Company will each cooperate to contest and resist any such action or proceeding, and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent) (any such decree, judgment, injunction or other order is hereafter referred to as an "Order") that is in effect and that restricts, prevents or prohibits consummation of the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements, including, without limitation, by pursuing all reasonable avenues of administrative and judicial appeal. Parent and Purchaser will each also use their respective reasonable efforts to take all reasonable action, including, without limitation, agreeing to hold separate or to divest any of the businesses or assets of Parent or Purchaser or any of their affiliates, or, following the consummation of the Offer or the Effective Time, of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries, as may be required (i) by the applicable governmental or regulatory authority (including without limitation the FTC, the Antitrust Division, any state attorney general or any foreign governmental or regulatory authority) in order to resolve such objections as such governmental or regulatory authority may have to such transactions under any Antitrust Law, or (ii) by any domestic or foreign court or other tribunal, in any action or proceeding brought by a private party or governmental or regulatory authority challenging such transactions as violative of any Antitrust Law, in order to avoid the entry of, or to effect the dissolution, vacating, lifting, altering or reversal of, any Order that has the effect of restricting, preventing or prohibiting the consummation of the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements; provided that Parent will not be required to take any action, divest any asset or enter into any consent decree if the taking of such action, disposing of such asset or entering into such decree would have a Significant Adverse Effect. "Significant Adverse Effect" means any change or effect that, in Parent's judgment, is reasonably likely to adversely affect in a substantial way the benefits and opportunities which Parent reasonably expects to receive from the acquisition of the Retained Business or from Parent's current business. Each of the Company, Parent and Purchaser will promptly inform the other party of any material communication received by such party from the FTC, the Antitrust Division, the Securities and Exchange 16 Commission (the "Commission") or any other governmental or regulatory authority regarding any of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Parent and/or Purchaser will promptly advise the Company with respect to any understanding, undertaking or agreement (whether oral or written) which it proposes to make or enter into with any of the foregoing parties with regard to any of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. "Antitrust Law" means the Sherman Act, as amended, the Clayton Act, as amended, the HSR Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, EC Merger Regulations and all other federal, state and foreign statutes, rules, regulations, orders, decrees, administrative and judicial doctrines, and other laws that are designed or intended to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade. Representations and Warranties. The Merger Agreement contains certain representations and warranties of the parties including, without limitation, representations by the Company as to organization, capitalization, authority relative to the Merger Agreement, consents and approvals, absence of certain changes concerning the Company's business, undisclosed liabilities, reports, offer documents, no default, litigation and compliance with law, employee benefit plans, assets and intellectual property, certain contracts and arrangements, taxes, Retained Business FCC licenses, labor matters, Rights Agreement and certain fees. Conditions to the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the obligations of each of Parent, the Purchaser and the Company to effect the Merger are subject to the satisfaction or waiver, at or prior to the Effective Time, of certain conditions, including: (a) if required by applicable law, the Merger Agreement will have been adopted by the affirmative vote of the shareholders of the Company by the requisite vote in accordance with applicable law; (b) no statute, rule, regulation, order, decree, or injunction will have been enacted, entered, promulgated or enforced by any court or governmental authority which prohibits or restricts the consummation of the Merger, (c) any waiting period applicable to the Merger under the Antitrust Laws will have terminated or expired and all approvals required under the Antitrust Laws will have been received; (d) the Spin-Off will have been consummated in all material respects; and (e) the Offer will not have been terminated in accordance with its terms prior to the purchase of any Shares. Except if the Purchaser has accepted for payment and paid for Shares validly tendered pursuant to the Offer or fails to accept for payment any Shares pursuant to the Offer in violation of the terms thereof, the obligation of the Company to effect the Merger is further subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions: (a) the representations and warranties of Parent and the Purchaser contained in the Merger Agreement will be true and correct in all material respects at and as of the Effective Time as if made at and as of such time; and (b) each of Parent and the Purchaser will have performed in all material respects its obligations under the Merger Agreement required to be performed by it at or prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the terms thereof. Except if the Purchaser has accepted for payment and paid for Shares validly tendered pursuant to the Offer or fails to accept for payment any Shares pursuant to the Offer in violation of the terms thereof, the obligations of Parent and the Purchaser to effect the Merger are further subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions: (a) the representations and warranties of the Company contained in the Merger Agreement will be true and correct in all material respects at and as of the Effective Time as if made at and as of such time; (b) the Company will have delivered to Purchaser certain legal opinions in connection with the Company's public indebtedness; and (c) the Company will have performed in all material respects each of its obligations under the Merger Agreement required to be performed by it at or prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the terms thereof. Termination. The Merger Agreement may be terminated and the Offer and the Merger may be abandoned at any time (notwithstanding approval of the Merger by the shareholders of the Company) prior to the Effective Time: (a) by mutual written consent of Parent, the Purchaser and the Company; (b) by Parent, Purchaser or the Company if any court of competent jurisdiction in the United States or other United States governmental body will have issued a final order, decree or ruling or taken any other final action restraining, enjoining or otherwise 17 prohibiting the consummation of the Offer, the Spin-Off or the Merger and such order, decree, ruling or other action is or shall have become nonappealable; (c) by Parent or Purchaser if due to an occurrence or circumstance which would result in a failure to satisfy any of the conditions set forth in Section 15 of the Schedule 14D-1, Purchaser will have (i) failed to commence the Offer within the time required by Regulation 14D under the Exchange Act, (ii) terminated the Offer, or (iii) failed to pay for Shares pursuant to the Offer prior to June 30, 1996; (d) by the Company if (i) there is no material breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement on the part of the Company and Purchaser has (A) failed to commence the Offer within the time required by Regulation 14D under the Exchange Act, (B) terminated the Offer or (C) failed to pay for Shares pursuant to the Offer prior to June 30, 1996 or (ii) prior to the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, a Third Party has made a bona fide offer that the Board by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment and in the exercise of its fiduciary duties, based as to legal matters on the written opinion of legal counsel, is a Higher Offer (as defined below); provided, that such termination under this clause (ii) will not be effective until payment of the fee discussed below; (e) by Parent or Purchaser prior to the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, if (i) there has been a breach of any representation or warranty on the part of the Company or Loral Space contained in the Merger Agreement or the Distribution Agreement resulting in a Material Adverse Effect (as defined in the Merger Agreement) or materially adversely affecting (or materially delaying) the consummation of the Offer, (ii) there has been a breach of any covenant or agreement on the part of the Company or Loral Space under either the Merger Agreement or the Distribution Agreement resulting in a Material Adverse Effect or materially adversely affecting (or materially delaying) the consummation of the Offer, which will not have been cured prior to the earlier of (A) 10 days following notice of such breach or (B) two business days prior to the date on which the Offer expires, (iii) the Company engages in Active Negotiations (as defined below) with a Third Party with respect to a Third Party Acquisition (as defined below), (iv) the Board has withdrawn or modified (including effecting any amendment of Schedule 14D-9) in a manner adverse to Purchaser, its approval or recommendation of the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger, the Merger Agreement or the Distribution Agreement, has recommended to the Company's shareholders another offer, has authorized the redemption of any Rights (whether or not in accordance with the Merger Agreement) after the Company's receipt of an Acquisition Proposal, or has adopted any resolution to effect any of the foregoing or (v) the number of shares validly tendered and not withdrawn when added to the shares beneficially owned by Parent, prior to the expiration of the Offer, does not constitute at least two-thirds of the Shares, determined on a fully diluted basis, and on or prior to such date an entity or group (other than Parent or Purchaser) has made and not withdrawn a proposal with respect to a Third Party Acquisition; or (f) by the Company if (i) there has been a breach of any representation or warranty in the Merger Agreement or the Distribution Agreement on the part of Parent or Purchaser which materially adversely affects (or materially delays) the consummation of the Offer or (ii) there has been a material breach of any covenant or agreement in the Merger Agreement or the Distribution Agreement on the part of Parent or Purchaser which materially adversely affects (or materially delays) the consummation of the Offer which has not been cured prior to the earlier of (A) 10 days following notice of such breach or (B) two business days prior to the date on which the Offer expires. Termination Fee. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, (a) if: (i) Parent or Purchaser terminates the Merger Agreement pursuant to Clause (e)(ii), (iii) or (v) of the immediately preceding paragraph and within 12 months thereafter the Company enters into an agreement with respect to a Third Party Acquisition, or a Third Party Acquisition occurs, involving any party (or any affiliate thereof) (A) with whom the Company (or its agents) had negotiations with a view to a Third Party Acquisition, (B) to whom the Company (or its agents) furnished information with a view to a Third Party Acquisition or (C) who had submitted a proposal or expressed an interest in a Third Party Acquisition, in the case of each of clauses (A), (B) and (C) after the date of the Merger Agreement and prior to such termination; or (ii) Parent or Purchaser terminates the Merger Agreement pursuant to clause (e)(iii) or (v) of the immediately preceding paragraph and, within 12 months thereafter, a Third Party Acquisition will occur involving a Higher Offer (as defined below); or (iii) Parent or Purchaser terminates the Merger Agreement pursuant to Clause (e)(iv) of the immediately preceding paragraph; or (iv) the Company terminates the Merger Agreement pursuant to clause (d)(ii) of the immediately preceding paragraph; then, in each case, the Company will pay to Parent, within one business day following the execution and delivery of such agreement or such occurrence, as the case may be, or simultaneously with such determination pursuant to 18 clause (d)(ii) above, a fee, in cash, of $175 million; provided, that the Company in no event will be obligated to pay more than one such $175 million fee with respect to all such agreements and occurrences and such termination. "Active Negotiations" means negotiations with a Third Party that has proposed a Third Party Acquisition or made an Acquisition Proposal, or with such Third Party's agents or representatives with respect to the substance of such Third Party Acquisition or Acquisition Proposal, but will not include (x) communications in connection with, or constituting, the furnishing of information pursuant to a confidentiality agreement as contemplated by the Merger Agreement or (y) communications that include no more than an explicit bona fide rejection of such proposal and a very brief statement of the reasons therefor. "Third Party Acquisition" means the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the acquisition of the Company by merger or otherwise by any person (which includes for these purposes a "person" as such term is defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) or entity other than Parent, the Purchaser or any affiliate thereof (a "Third Party"); (ii) the acquisition by a Third Party of more than 30% of the total assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (iii) the acquisition by a Third Party of 30% or more of the outstanding Shares; (iv) the adoption by the Company of a plan of liquidation or the declaration or payment of an extraordinary dividend; or (v) the purchase by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of more than 20% of the outstanding shares. "Higher Offer" means any Third Party Acquisition which reflects a higher value for the Shares than the aggregate value being provided pursuant to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements including, without limitation, the shares of Loral Space Common Stock distributed in the Spin-Off. Prior to the termination of the Merger Agreement by the Company pursuant to clause (d)(ii) above, the Board of Directors will provide a reasonable opportunity to a nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by Parent, Purchaser or their designee (the "IB") to evaluate the proposed Third Party Acquisition, to determine whether it is a Higher Offer and to advise the Board of Directors of the Company of the basis for and results of its determination. The Company agrees to cooperate and cause the Company's financial advisors to cooperate with the IB (including, without limitation, providing the IB with full access to all such information which the IB deems relevant and which the IB agrees to keep confidential) to the extent reasonably requested by the IB. The fees and expenses incurred by the IB shall be paid by Parent. Nothing contained in the definitions of "Active Negotiations", "Third Party Acquisitions" or "Higher Offer" will prevent Parent and Purchaser from challenging, by injunction or otherwise, the termination or attempted termination of the Merger Agreement pursuant to clause (d)(ii) above. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, in the event of the termination and abandonment of the Merger Agreement, the Merger Agreement will become void and have no effect, without any liability on the part of any party or its affiliates, directors, officers or shareholders, other than the provisions relating to the termination fee, fees and expenses, governing law, brokerage fees and commissions, indemnification and confidentiality of information, provided, that a party will not be relieved from liability for any breach of the Merger Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Merger Agreement, upon payment by the Company of the fees and expenses referred to in the Merger Agreement, the Company will be released from all liability thereunder, including any liability for any claims by Parent, the Purchaser or any of their affiliates based upon or arising out of any breach of the Merger Agreement or any Ancillary Agreements. Fees and Expenses. If the Merger Agreement is terminated pursuant to Clause (e)(i) or (e)(ii) above (the "Designated Termination Provisions") or Parent is entitled to receive the $175 million fee under the Merger Agreement, then the Company will reimburse Parent, Purchaser and their affiliates (not later than one business day after submission of statements therefor) for actual documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses, not to exceed $45 million, actually incurred by any of them or on their behalf in connection with the Offer, the proposed Merger and the proposed Spin-Off and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Distribution Agreement (including, without limitation, fees payable to financing sources, investment bankers 19 (including to the IB), counsel to any of the foregoing and accountants), whether incurred prior to or after the date of the Merger Agreement. The Company will in any event pay the amount requested (not to exceed $45 million) within one business day of such request, subject to the Company's right to demand a return of any portion as to which invoices are not received in due course. Except as specifically provided in Section 8.3 of the Merger Agreement and except as otherwise specifically provided in the Distribution Agreement, each party shall bear its own respective expenses incurred in connection with the Merger Agreement, the Offer and the Merger, including, without limitation, the preparation, execution and performance of the Merger Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements and the transactions contemplated thereby, and all fees and expenses of investment bankers, finders, brokers, agents, representatives, counsel and accountants. THE DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT The following summary of the Distribution Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Distribution Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 8 hereto and incorporated herein by reference. Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Company and certain subsidiaries of the Company, through a series of transactions, will transfer to Loral Space all of their respective right, title and interest in and to the following assets (such assets, the "Loral Space Assets"): (a) all shares of capital stock or partnership interests, as the case may be, then owned in the Loral Space Companies, (b) the $712,400,000 cash amount being transferred to the Company pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, (c) the rights to the "Loral" name, (d) all rights to receive management fees from certain of the Loral Space Companies, (e) all rights and interests in any prospective domestic or international direct broadcast satellite projects currently under consideration, (f) certain service provider operations related to Globalstar, (g) certain rights and liabilities with respect to certain litigation in which the Company has an interest, (h) certain corporate aircraft, (i) a portion of the leasehold interest in the Company's New York corporate offices, (j) certain FCC license applications, and (k) certain Warrants to be received from Globalstar in connection with the Company's guarantee of certain Globalstar bank indebtedness, and (l) certain other assets described in the Distribution Agreement, in exchange for the issuance by Loral Space to the Company and its subsidiaries of a certain amount of Loral Space capital stock. Concurrently with the actions in the immediately preceding sentence, Loral Space will assume and will in due course pay, perform and discharge (or will cause to be assumed and cause in due course to be paid, performed and discharged), all of the various liabilities (the "Loral Space Liabilities") relating to (a) each business and each former business which is or was conducted by Loral Space or a Loral Space Company as of the date of the Distribution or which is or was included within the Loral Space Assets (all such businesses, the "Loral Space Business"), (b) the employees of Loral Space, and (c) certain other liabilities relating to the Loral Space Companies or the Loral Space Business or otherwise. As promptly as practicable after the date of the Distribution Agreement and prior to the Distribution Date, the Company and Loral Space will prepare an Information Statement (which will set forth appropriate disclosure concerning Loral Space and the Loral Space Companies, the Loral Space Business, the Spin- Off and certain other matters) and Loral Space will file with the Commission a registration statement on Form 10 (which will include or incorporate by reference the Information Statement). The Company and Loral Space will use their respective reasonable efforts to cause the Form 10 to be declared effective under the Exchange Act or, if either the Company or Parent reasonably determines that the Distribution may not be effected without registering the Loral Space Common Stock pursuant to the Securities Act, the Company shall use its best efforts to cause the Loral Space Common Stock to be registered pursuant to the Securities Act and thereafter effect the Distribution in accordance with the terms of the Distribution Agreement, including, without limitation, by preparing and filing on an appropriate form of registration statement under the Securities Act covering the Loral Space Common Stock and using its best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective. Following the effectiveness of such Form 10 (or registration statement, as the case may be), the Company will mail the Information Statement to the holders of the Company Common Stock. Subject to terms and conditions of the Distribution Agreement, the Board (or any duly appointed committee thereof) will in its reasonable discretion establish the Spin-Off Record Date and the Distribution Date and any 20 appropriate procedures in connection with the Distribution (subject in each case to the provisions of applicable law) as soon as reasonably practicable following the date of the Distribution Agreement or on such other dates as Parent may reasonably request; provided that (x) the Spin-Off Record Date may not be earlier than the twentieth day following the date on which the Offer is commenced and also may not be earlier than the tenth day following the date on which this Board takes action to establish the Spin-Off Record Date (the "Distribution Declaration Date") and (y) the parties hereto will use their reasonable efforts to cause the Spin-Off Record Date to be established so as to occur immediately prior to the acceptance for payment by the Purchaser of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Offer (provided that in no event will the Spin-Off Record Date be established so as to occur as of or at any time after the acceptance for payment by the Purchaser of the shares of common stock pursuant to the Offer); provided further that if all conditions to the Offer have been satisfied or waived prior to the date on which all of the Distribution Conditions (as defined below) have been satisfied (or waived, to the extent expressly permitted by the provisions of the Distribution Agreement), then the Purchaser will be permitted, but not required, to accept for payment at such time the shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Offer notwithstanding the fact that the Distribution Conditions have not been satisfied or waived (provided that prior to such acceptance for payment Purchaser first obtains the consent of the Company, which consent may not be unreasonably withheld). The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that payment of the Distribution will be conditioned on (x) the satisfaction (or waiver, to the extent expressly permitted by the provisions of the Distribution Agreement) of each of the Distribution Conditions on a date which is prior to the fiftieth (50th) day following the Spin-Off Record Date and (y) Parent and Purchaser not having taken any action, on or after the Distribution Declaration Date, to extend or delay the expiration of the Offer to a date which is later than the Spin-Off Record Date. The obligations of each of the Company, its subsidiaries and Loral Space under the Distribution Agreement are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions (the "Distribution Conditions"): (i) the Purchaser will have notified the Company that it is prepared to immediately accept for payment shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Offer as set forth in Section 15 of the Schedule 14D-1, (ii) the Spin-Off Record Date will have been set by the Board, (iii) the Form 10 (or any registration statement filed in lieu thereof) will have been declared effective by the Commission, (iv) the Loral Space Common Stock will have been accepted for listing or quotation in accordance with the Distribution Agreement, (v) no court order or law will have been enacted, promulgated, issued or entered against any of the parties which (x) prohibits or materially restricts consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Distribution Agreement and (y) remains in effect as of the date on which the satisfaction of this condition is determined, (vi) the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries will have obtained all consents required to be obtained by the Company as a result of or in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Distribution Agreement in order to avoid a material default under any material contract to or by which the Company, Loral Space or any of their respective subsidiaries is a party or may be bound, or otherwise necessary to permit the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries to conduct their business in a manner consistent with its past practices, (vii) all consents and approvals of, and notices to and filings with, any governmental entity or any other person or entity arising out of or relating to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Distribution Agreement, will have been obtained or made (as the case may be), (viii) the guarantee by the Company of certain bank indebtedness of Globalstar (the "Globalstar Bank Guarantee") will have been amended so that the provisions thereof shall, following the transactions described above (the "Restructuring"), be amended in the manner contemplated pursuant to the Distribution Agreement (with such changes thereto as Parent and the Company may approve prior to the Offer Purchase Date), and (ix) certain Merchant Banking Partnerships affiliated with Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (the "Lehman Partnerships") and all other holders of the preferred stock of Loral Aerospace Holdings, Inc. ("Holdings") (if any) will have exchanged all issued and outstanding shares of such preferred stock for shares of capital stock or other equity securities of either Loral Space, any Loral Space Company or any subsidiary of Loral Space. Following the Spin-Off, Loral Space will establish a qualified defined benefit pension plan and trust ("Loral Space Pension Plan"). Thereafter, the Company will direct the trustees of the trusts under the Loral Corporation Pension Plan and the Retirement Plan of Loral Aerospace Corp. (the "Company Pension Plans") to transfer in 21 cash or in kind, as agreed to by the Company and Loral Space, to the trust under the Loral Space Pension Plan, an amount determined by the certified actuary of the Company Pension Plans to be equal to, with respect to each such Company Pension Plan, (A) the product of (i) the fair market value of the assets held under such Company Pension Plan as of the last day of the month prior to the month in which the transfer occurs (the "Valuation Date") and (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the present value of all accrued benefits under such Company Pension Plan as of the Distribution Date in respect of Loral Space Employees and the denominator of which is equal to the present value of all accrued benefits under such Company Pension Plan less (B) the payments made by such Company Pension Plan between the Distribution Date and the date of transfer in respect of Loral Space Employees. From the Valuation Date to the date of transfer, the assets to be transferred will be credited with interest at the interest rate available on a 30-day treasury note at the auction date on or immediately preceding the Valuation Date. Following the Distribution Date, Loral Space shall cause SSL to establish a trust intended to qualify under Section 501(a) of the Code ("Loral Space SSL Trust") and intended to hold the assets of the Retirement Plan of SSL (the "SSL Plan"). Thereafter, the Company shall direct the Trustees of the Loral Master Pension Trust (the "Master Trust") to transfer in cash or in kind as agreed to by SSL and the Company from the Master Trust to the Loral Space SSL Trust, the assets held by the Master Trust under the SSL Plan. Upon the transfers described above, Loral Space agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its officers, directors, employees, agents and affiliates from and against any and all indemnifiable losses arising out of or related to the Loral Space Pension Plan and the SSL Plan, including all benefits accrued by Loral Space Employees prior to the Distribution Date under the Company Pension Plans and the SSL Plan. Loral Space will assume and be solely responsible for all liabilities and obligations arising under the Company's retiree welfare plans (including retiree medical plans) with respect to Loral Space Employees. The Company will retain and be solely responsible for all liabilities and obligations arising under the Company's retiree welfare plans (including retiree medical plans) with respect to Retained Employees. Loral Space represents and warrants to the Company that (i) except as expressly provided in the Globalstar Bank Guarantee (as amended pursuant to the Distribution Agreement), neither the Company nor any of the Retained Subsidiaries will, after giving effect to the Restructuring, be liable directly or indirectly, as borrower, surety, guarantor, indemnitor or otherwise, with respect to (and that none of the assets of the Company other than the Loral Space Assets (such assets the "Retained Assets") will be bound by or subject to) any of the Loral Space Liabilities or any Loral Space indebtedness, (ii) there are no intercompany agreements between the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries, on the one hand and Loral Space and the Loral Space Companies on the other in effect as of the date of the Distribution Agreement, which, either individually or in the aggregate, are materially adverse to (i) the business, properties, operations, prospects, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Retained Business or (ii) the ability of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries to perform their respective obligations under the Distribution Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement (as defined below) or the Stockholders Agreement (as defined below), (iii) there are no Loral Space Assets which have been used within the Retained Business within one year prior to the date of the Distribution Agreement, other than those Loral Space Assets which are listed on the Disclosure Schedule to the Distribution Agreement, (iv) except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedule to the Distribution Agreement neither Loral Space nor any Loral Space Company will, immediately after giving effect to the Restructuring and the Distribution, own, hold or lease, in whole or in part, any of the assets, properties, licenses and rights which are reasonably necessary to carry on the Retained Business as presently conducted, and (v) prior to, on or shortly after the Distribution Date, GTL or Globalstar (as the case may be) will issue to the Company warrants to acquire equity of GTL or Globalstar (as the case may be), which warrants will be on the terms and conditions described in the December 21, 1995 memorandum from Michael B. Targoff to Enrique Fernandez relating to, among other things, the Globalstar Bank Guarantee and the Globalstar Credit Agreement (the "Globalstar Warrant Memorandum") and shall otherwise be on such terms and conditions as are customary to transactions of a similar nature. Except as otherwise specified by Loral Space prior to the date on which the Purchaser accepts for payment and pays for Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer (the "Offer Purchase Date"), the executive officers of the Company shall be the executive officers of Loral Space on and after the Distribution Date. Effective as of the 22 Distribution Date, (a) those current and former officers and employees of the Company, other than the Loral Space Employees (as defined below) (the "Retained Employees") who are employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries immediately prior to the Distribution Date will become employees of the Company in the same capacities as then held by such employees (or in such other capacities as the Company will determine in its sole discretion) and (b) those persons who are employed as officers or employees of Loral Space and the Loral Space Companies immediately prior to or effective as of the Distribution Date and all former officers and employees of Loral Space, any Loral Space Company or one Loral Space Business ("Loral Space Employees") together with those persons whose primary employment is with the Loral Space Business, who are employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries immediately prior to the Distribution Date will become employees of Loral Space in the same capacities as then held by such employees (or in such other capacities as Loral Space will determine in its sole discretion). Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company will establish a rabbi trust or trusts for the benefit of participants in the Company's Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") and will deposit in such rabbi trust or trusts an amount at least equal to the present value of the accrued benefits under the SERP. This amount is not expected to exceed $11 million. The liabilities for the accrued benefits under the SERP with respect to Loral Space Employees, and any assets held in the rabbi trust or trusts relating to such liabilities, will be transferred to Loral Space as soon as practicable after the Distribution Date. Each of the parties agrees that except as otherwise expressly provided in Article IV of the Distribution Agreement, all existing intercompany agreements in effect immediately prior to the Distribution Date will not be deemed altered, amended or terminated as a result of the Distribution Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Distribution Agreement and will otherwise remain in effect immediately after giving effect to the Restructuring. In addition to any indemnification required by Articles II, VI and VIII of the Distribution Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, from and after the Distribution Date, Loral Space shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company, each Retained Subsidiary, the Purchaser and Parent and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, representatives, advisors, agents and affiliates (collectively, the "Parent Indemnified Parties") from, against and in respect of any and all indemnifiable losses of the Parent Indemnified Parties arising out of, relating to or resulting from, directly or indirectly, (i) any misrepresentations or breach of warranty made by or on behalf of Loral Space or, on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, made by or on behalf of the Company which misrepresentation or breach of warranty is contained in the Distribution Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement (as defined in this Section 10), (ii) any breach of any agreement or covenant under the Distribution Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement on the part of Loral Space or, on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, on the part of the Company, (iii) any and all Loral Space Liabilities, (iv) the conduct of the Loral Space Business or any part thereof on, prior to or following the Distribution Date, (v) any transfer of Loral Space Assets to, or assumption of Loral Space Liabilities by, Loral Space or any Loral Space Company in accordance with the Distribution Agreement or otherwise in connection with the Restructuring (other than any costs and expenses which have been expressly assumed by the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Distribution Agreement), (vi) any indemnifiable loss resulting from any claims that any statements or omissions relating to or describing directly or indirectly, Loral Space, any Loral Space Company, the Loral Space Business, any Loral Space Asset or any Loral Space Liability, and which occur on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date (A) in the Information Statement, the Form 10 or in any registration statement filed pursuant to the Distribution Agreement (in each case other than with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Parent, the Purchaser or their affiliates, representatives or advisors) and other than any statements or omissions which relate solely to the Merger Agreement and the Distribution Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby), or (B) in any document(s) filed with the Commission by Loral Space or any Loral Space Company after the date hereof pursuant to either the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (in each case other than with respect to any statements or omissions which relate solely to the Merger Agreement and the Distribution Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby), which, in the case of either clause (A) or (B) above, are false or misleading with respect 23 to any material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, (vii) the failure of the Company or Loral Space to obtain any final order or other consent or approval of the FCC with respect to any of the transactions contemplated pursuant to either the Distribution Agreement or the Merger Agreement and (viii) any Excluded Indemnifiable Losses (as defined below). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Loral Space's indemnification obligations pursuant to the Distribution Agreement will not in any event include any indemnifiable losses arising out of or relating to litigation relating to the Offer and the transactions contemplated thereby, except to the extent of any indemnifiable losses (such indemnifiable losses, the "Excluded Indemnifiable Losses") which the Company is able to demonstrate resulted directly from (a) any statement or omission on the part of Loral Space or any of its affiliates in the documents referred to in clause (vi) above or (b) any business activities, assets or liabilities of Loral Space, any of the Loral Space Companies or the Loral Space Business. Notwithstanding Loral Space's obligations to indemnify Parent Indemnified Parties described above, Loral Space shall be obligated to indemnify the Parent Indemnified Parties only for those indemnifiable losses under clauses (i), (ii) or (vi) of the immediately preceding paragraph as to which the Parent Indemnified Parties have given Loral Space written notice thereof on or prior to the third anniversary of the Distribution Date (it being understood that there shall be no corresponding time limitation with respect to any Indemnifiable Losses arising under clauses (iii), (iv), (v), (vii) and (viii) of the immediately preceding paragraph; provided further that claims with respect to breaches of covenants and agreements set forth in the Distribution Agreement or in the Stockholders Agreement will survive for the applicable statute of limitations period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if on or before the expiration of such indemnification period any Parent Indemnified Party has given notice to Loral Space pursuant to the Distribution Agreement of any matter which would be the basis for a claim of indemnification by such Parent Indemnified Party pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph, such Parent Indemnified Party will have the right after the expiration of such indemnification period to assert or to continue to assert such claim and to be indemnified with respect thereto. In addition to any indemnification required by Articles II, VI and VIII of the Distribution Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, from and after the Distribution Date, the Company will indemnify, defend and hold harmless Loral Space, each Loral Space Company and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, representatives, advisors, agents and affiliates (collectively, the "Loral Space Indemnified Parties") from, against and in respect of any and all indemnifiable losses of the Loral Space Indemnified Parties arising out of, relating to or resulting from, directly or indirectly, (i) any breach of the Distribution Agreement or any agreement or covenant set forth in the Distribution Agreement or in the Stockholders Agreement on the part of Parent or the Purchaser or, following the Offer Purchase Date, on the part of the Company, (ii) any and all liabilities of the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries (such liabilities, the "Retained Liabilities"), (iii) the conduct of the businesses of the Company, the Retained Subsidiaries and the Retained Business or any part thereof on, prior to or following the Distribution Date, (iv) any Indemnifiable Loss resulting from any claims that any statements or omissions (A) relating to or describing, directly or indirectly, Parent or the Purchaser, and which occur on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date in any Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 of the Company filed in connection with the Offer, the Information Statement, the Form 10 or in any registration statement filed pursuant to Section 3.1 or Section 3.3 of the Distribution Agreement (in each case only to the extent of any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Parent, the Purchaser or their affiliates, representatives or advisors), (B) in any Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 of the Purchaser or Parent filed in connection with the Offer (other than any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by the Company, and Retained Subsidiary, Loral Space, any Loral Space Company or any of their respective affiliates, representatives or advisors), or (C) in any other document(s) filed after the date of the Distribution Agreement by Parent or the Purchaser with the Commission pursuant to either the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (e.g., statements or omissions made in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed by either Parent or the Purchaser after the date of the Distribution Agreement pursuant to the Exchange Act), which, in the case of either clauses (A), (B) or (C) above, are false or misleading with respect to any material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the 24 statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (v) any Indemnifiable Loss arising out of or resulting from litigation relating to the Offer and the transactions contemplated thereby (other than Excluded Indemnifiable Losses). Notwithstanding the foregoing and anything to the contrary in the Distribution Agreement or any other agreement to be entered into pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Company shall not be required to indemnify, defend and hold harmless any Loral Space Indemnified Party from and against any Indemnifiable Loss resulting from any claims that the statements included in the Information Statement, the Form 10 or in any registration statement filed pursuant to Section 3.1 or Section 3.3 of the Distribution Agreement (in each case other than statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Parent, the Purchaser or their affiliates, representatives or advisors expressly for use therein) are false or misleading with respect to any material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Notwithstanding the Company's obligations to indemnify the Loral Space Indemnified Parties described in the preceding paragraph, the Company will be obligated to indemnify the Loral Space Indemnified Parties only for those Indemnifiable Losses under Clause (i) and (iv) of the immediately preceding paragraph as to which the Loral Space Indemnified Parties have given the Company written notice thereof on or prior to the expiration of any applicable statute of limitations period (it being understood that there will be no corresponding time limitation with respect to any Indemnifiable Losses arising under clauses (ii) and (iii) of the immediately preceding paragraph). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if on or before the expiration of such indemnification period any Loral Space Indemnified Party has given notice to the Company of any matter which would be the basis for a claim of indemnification by such Loral Space Indemnified Party pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph, such Loral Space Indemnified Party will have the right after the expiration of such indemnification period to assert or to continue to assert such claim and to be indemnified with respect thereto. THE TAX SHARING AGREEMENT Pursuant to a tax sharing agreement, to be entered into prior to the consummation of the Offer, between Parent, Purchaser, the Company and Loral Space (the "Tax Sharing Agreement"), Parent generally has agreed, among other things, to file all tax returns with respect to, and to pay all taxes imposed upon or attributable to, the Company or the Retained Subsidiaries for all taxable periods, including the taxes incurred in connection with the transfers of the Loral Space Assets to Loral Space and the Spin-Off Loral Space. Loral Space generally has agreed, among other things, to file all tax returns with respect to Loral Space or the Loral Space Companies for all taxable periods beginning after the Distribution Date and to pay all taxes imposed upon or attributable to Loral Space or the Loral Space Companies for all taxable periods. The Tax Sharing Agreement will become effective only upon consummation of the Offer. The foregoing summary of the Tax Sharing Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Tax Sharing Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 9 hereto and is incorporated herein by reference. THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT Pursuant to the Rights Agreement, on January 7, 1996 the Board of Directors of the Company declared a dividend distribution of one Right for each share of Common Stock outstanding at the close of business on January 22, 1996 (the "Rights Record Date") and with respect to the Common Stock issued thereafter until the Rights Distribution Date (as defined below) and, in certain circumstances, with respect to Common Stock issued after the Distribution Date. Except as set forth below, each Right, when it becomes exercisable, entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company a unit consisting initially of one one-thousandth of a share (a "Unit") of Series A Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share (the "Rights Preferred Stock"), of the Company at a Purchase Price of $180 per Unit, subject to adjustment (the "Rights Purchase Price"). The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in the Rights Agreement. 25 Initially, the Rights were and are attached to all certificates representing shares of Common Stock then outstanding, and no separate certificates evidencing the Rights (the "Rights Certificates") were or have been distributed. The Rights will separate from the Common Stock and a "Rights Distribution Date" will occur upon the earlier of (i) ten days (or such later date as the Board shall determine) following public disclosure that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons has become an "Acquiring Person" (as defined below), or (ii) ten business days (or such later date as the Board shall determine) following the commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer that would result in a person or group becoming an "Acquiring Person". Except as set forth below, an "Acquiring Person" is a person or group of affiliated or associated persons who has acquired beneficial ownership of 20% or more of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. The term "Acquiring Person" excludes (i) the Company, (ii) any subsidiary of the Company , (iii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or (iv) any person or entity organized, appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan. Until the occurrence of the Rights Distribution Date, (i) the Rights will be evidenced by the Common Stock certificates and will be transferred with and only with such Common Stock certificates, (ii) new Common Stock certificates issued after the Rights Record Date will contain a notation incorporating the Rights Agreement by reference, and (iii) the surrender for transfer of any certificates for Common Stock outstanding will also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Stock represented by such certificate. Pursuant to the Rights Agreement, the Company reserves the right to require prior to the occurrence of a Triggering Event (as defined below) that, upon any exercise of Rights, a number of Rights be exercised so that only whole shares of Preferred Stock will be issued. As soon as practicable after the occurrence of the Rights Distribution Date, Rights Certificates will be mailed to holders of record of Common Stock as of the close of business on the Rights Distribution Date and, thereafter, the separate Rights Certificates alone will represent the Rights. Except in certain circumstances specified in the Rights Agreement or as otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, only shares of Common Stock issued prior to the Rights Distribution Date will be issued with Rights. The Rights are not exercisable until the occurrence of the Rights Distribution Date. The Rights will expire at the close of business on January 22, 2006, unless extended or earlier redeemed by the Company as described below. In the event that, at any time following the Rights Distribution Date, a person becomes an Acquiring Person, each holder of a Right will thereafter have the right to receive, upon exercise of the Right, Common Stock (or, in certain circumstances, cash, property or other securities of the Company) having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Right. Notwithstanding the foregoing, following the occurrence of the event set forth in this paragraph, all Rights that are, or (under certain circumstances specified in the Rights Agreement) were, beneficially owned by any Acquiring Person will be null and void and nontransferable and any holder of any such Right (including any purported transferee or subsequent holder) will be unable to exercise or transfer any such Right. For example, at an exercise price of $200 per Right, each Right not owned by an Acquiring Person (or by certain related parties) following an event set forth in this paragraph would entitle its holder to purchase $400 worth of Common Stock (or other consideration, as noted above) for $200. Assuming that the Common Stock had a per share value of $40 at such time, the holder of each valid Right would be entitled to purchase ten shares of Common Stock for $200. In the event that, at any time following the date on which there has been public disclosure that, or of facts indicating that, a person has become an Acquiring Person (the "Stock Acquisition Date"), (i) the Company is acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction in which the Company is not the surviving corporation (other than a merger which follows an offer described in the preceding paragraph), or (ii) 50% or more of the Company's assets or earning power is sold, mortgaged or transferred, each holder of a Right (except Rights which previously have been voided as set forth above) shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon exercise, common stock of the acquiring company having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Right. The events set forth in this paragraph and in the preceding paragraph are referred to as the "Triggering Events." 26 The Purchase Price payable, and the number of Units of Rights Preferred Stock or other securities or property issuable, upon exercise of the Rights are subject to adjustment from time to time to prevent dilution (i) in the event of a stock dividend on, or a subdivision, combination or reclassification of, the Rights Preferred Stock, (ii) if holders of Rights Preferred Stock are granted certain rights or warrants to subscribe for Rights Preferred Stock or convertible securities at less than the current market price of the Rights Preferred Stock, or (iii) upon the distribution to holders of the Rights Preferred Stock of evidences of indebtedness or assets (excluding regular quarterly cash dividends) or of subscription rights or warrants (other than those referred to above). With certain exceptions, no adjustment in the Rights Purchase Price will be required until cumulative adjustments amount to at least 1% of the Rights Purchase Price. No fractional Units will be issued and, in lieu thereof, an adjustment in cash will be made based on the market price of the Rights Preferred Stock on the last trading date prior to the date of exercise. Because of the nature of the Rights Preferred Stock's dividend and liquidation rights, the value of the one one-thousandth interest in a share of Rights Preferred Stock purchasable upon exercise of each Right should approximate the value of one share of Common Stock. Shares of Rights Preferred Stock purchasable upon exercise of the Rights will not be redeemable. Each share of Rights Preferred Stock will be entitled to a quarterly dividend payment of 1,000 times the dividend declared per share of Common Stock. In the event of liquidation, each share of Rights Preferred Stock will be entitled to a $1.00 preference and, thereafter the holders of the shares of Rights Preferred Stock will be entitled to an aggregate payment of 1,000 times the aggregate payment made per share of Common Stock. Each share of Rights Preferred Stock will have one vote, voting together with the shares of Common Stock. These rights are protected by customary antidilution provisions. At any time until ten days following the Stock Acquisition Date, the Company may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price (the "Redemption Price") of $.0001 per Right (payable in cash Common Stock or other consideration deemed appropriate by the Board of Directors) by resolution of the Board of Directors. The redemption of the Rights may be made effective at such time, on such basis, and with such conditions as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion may establish. Immediately upon such action of the Board of Directors ordering redemption of the Rights, the Rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price. Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, will have no rights as a shareholder of the Company including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends. While the distribution of the Rights will not be taxable to shareholders or to, shareholders may, depending upon the circumstances, recognize taxable income in the event that the Rights become exercisable for Common Stock (or other consideration) of the Company or for common stock of the acquiring company as set forth above. Other than those provisions relating to the principal economic terms of the Rights, any of the provisions of the Rights Agreement may be amended by resolution of the Company's Board of Directors. After the Rights Distribution Date, the provisions of the Rights Agreement may be amended by resolution of the Company's Board of Directors in order to cure any ambiguity, to make changes which do not adversely affect the interests of holders of Rights (excluding the interests of any Acquiring Person or its affiliates or associates), or to shorten or lengthen any time period under the Rights Agreement; provided, however, that no amendment to adjust the time period governing redemption shall be made at such time as the Rights are not redeemable. Because (i) the Offer is an offer to purchase all of the outstanding Shares and the Board has unanimously determined that the Offer described herein is fair to and in the best interests of the Company's shareholders and (ii) on January 7, 1996, the Board approved amending the Rights Agreement in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement, the acquisition of Shares pursuant to the Offer or the consummation of the Merger will not (a) cause any person to become an Acquiring Person or, (b) cause a Rights Distribution Date or a Stock Acquisition Date to occur or cause or require the distribution of any Rights Certificates to the record holders of Common Stock or, (c) give rise to a Triggering Event. 27 The foregoing summary of the Rights Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Rights Agreement and Amendment No. 1 thereto, copies of which are filed as Exhibit 10 and Exhibit 11 hereto, respectively, and is incorporated herein by reference. THE STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT On or prior to the Distribution Date, the Company and Loral Space will enter into a Stockholders Agreement (the "Stockholders Agreement"), which establishes, among other things, certain conditions with respect to the relationship between Loral Space, on the one hand, and the Company and its affiliates (the "Subject Stockholders"), on the other hand. The Stockholders Agreement limits the ability of the Subject Stockholders, during the term of the Stockholders Agreement, to acquire any voting securities or assets of, or solicit proxies or make a public announcement of a proposal for any extraordinary transaction with respect to, Loral Space. The Stockholders Agreement provides that, subject to certain exceptions, the Subject Stockholders are obligated to vote any equity securities of Loral Space, at the option of the Subject Stockholders, either (i) as recommended by the Board of Directors or management of Loral Space, or (ii) in the same proportions as the holders of equity securities of Loral Space vote their securities. The Stockholders Agreement also limits the ability of the Subject Stockholders to transfer the equity securities of Loral Space held by the Subject Stockholders except pursuant to a registered public offering or the provisions of Rule 144 under the Exchange Act or pursuant to certain permitted transfers. The Stockholders Agreement provides that if, within one year following the date thereof, the Subject Stockholders vote against certain business combination transactions, Loral Space shall have the right to purchase from the Subject Stockholders all of the equity securities of Loral Space held by the Subject Stockholders at an agreed upon price. The Stockholders Agreement also provides that if, within one year following the date thereof certain transactions occur, the Company shall have the right to purchase from Loral Space (including any successor to the rights and obligations of Loral Space) a certain number of shares of Loral Space (or such successor) at an agreed upon price. The Stockholders Agreement also provides that in the event of certain transactions, the Subject Stockholders shall have the right to require Loral Space to purchase the Globalstar Warrants (as defined in the Stockholders Agreement) for an agreed upon price. The Stockholders Agreement further provides that under certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions the Subject Stockholders may require Loral Space to register under the Securities Act any Loral Space securities held by the Subject Stockholders. The Stockholders Agreement provides, subject to certain exceptions, that, in the event of a tender offer, if Subject Stockholders wish to sell or transfer any Loral Space securities pursuant to the tender offer the Subject Stockholders must first offer the shares for sale to Loral Space. The term of the Stockholders Agreement will continue until the earlier of (x) the date on which the voting power of the equity securities owned by the Subject Stockholders represents, on a fully-diluted basis, less than five percent (5%) of the total voting power, (y) the seventh anniversary of the date of the agreement, or (z) a change of control in Loral Space. The foregoing summary of the Stockholders Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Stockholders Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 12 hereto and is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 4. THE SOLICITATION OR RECOMMENDATION. (a) RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS The Board of Directors has unanimously (i) approved the Merger Agreement, the Distribution Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, (ii) determined that the Offer, the Merger and the Spin-Off are fair to and in the best interests of the shareholders of the Company and (iii) determined to recommend acceptance of the Offer and approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement and the Merger by the shareholders of the Company. (b)(1) BACKGROUND The Company has been able to achieve substantial growth and profitability over the past ten years through a strategy of strategic acquisitions and internal growth. This strategy was aided by the consolidation of the defense industry and the availability of acquisition opportunities at reasonable prices. 28 As presently constituted, the Company principally depends on sales of advanced electronic systems, components and services to United States and foreign governments for defense-related applications. Since the end of the Cold War, the needs of the Company's primary customer, the United States Department of Defense, have changed significantly, military budgets have been sharply reduced and, in the future, expenditures in the defense area are likely to be inhibited by the same factors. At the same time, the Company's ability to grow through acquisitions is less certain. Due to rapid consolidation in the defense industry, the number of suitable potential acquisition candidates is dwindling while the cost of such potential acquisitions has increased substantially. As a result, the Company's opportunities for continued growth through acquisitions are already under substantial and continuing pressure. The Company has also been faced with increased competition from larger competitors, particularly prime contractor suppliers of platform systems such as aircraft, ships and combat vehicles. In particular, there has been a trend toward vertical integration in the defense industry, with platform manufacturers integrating backward through the acquisition of defense electronics companies, a trend which the Company believes will continue, and which would have the effect of placing the Company at a competitive disadvantage as the prime contractors retain more and more subsystem work. Alongside its strategy of growth through defense and government systems integration businesses, the Company has pursued a parallel strategy of leveraging the capabilities of its satellite manufacturing affiliate, SS/L, and the resources of SS/L's strategic partners to integrate forward into satellite-based telecommunications operations. The Company's most notable and advanced effort in this regard is the Globalstar low-earth orbit worldwide telecommunications system, which to date has raised the majority of its projected $2 billion in construction financing requirements, in part through its publicly-traded affiliate, Globalstar Telecommunications Limited. Over the last several years, the Company has considered how the changing nature of the defense industry has affected the Company and its markets and has considered several strategies in order to maximize shareholder value, maintain and enhance its position within the United States military/industrial base and maximize the security, career and employment opportunities of its employees. Recognizing the high growth potential of its space and telecommunications businesses, their high capital requirements, and the differing segments of the capital market to which the Company's defense and communications businesses appealed, the Company developed a long-term strategic plan to separate these two businesses and thereby unlock for shareholders the values inherent in Globalstar, SS/L and future possible satellite telecommunications, direct broadcast and broadband data operating ventures. On July 31, 1995, representatives of Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. ("Bear Stearns") met with Mr. Bernard L. Schwartz, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, to review certain recent developments in the defense industry, including certain current trends and opportunities with respect to the consolidation of the defense industry. At this meeting, Mr. Schwartz stated to the Bear Stearns representatives that if Parent were interested in exploring the possibility of a transaction between the two companies, he would be interested as well. On September 14, 1995, Mr. Augustine and Mr. Schwartz were attending a meeting at the Pentagon with certain government officials on an unrelated matter. At this September 14th meeting, Mr. Augustine and Mr. Schwartz briefly discussed the general topic of a possible transaction between Parent and the Company and agreed to meet at a subsequent date to discuss the matter further. During the course of discussions between the parties continuing through the month of October, the parties discussed a stock-for-stock transaction whereby the Company would combine its defense and systems integration businesses with Parent. In particular, the parties discussed valuation levels in relation to a possible acquisition of the Company's defense and systems integration businesses for Parent stock valued at $32 per share in a stock-for-stock transaction (assuming pooling-of-interests accounting treatment). During this time, the Company consulted with its legal advisors as to a variety of issues 29 concerning a possible spin-off to its shareholders of a new company that would own and manage the Company's space and telecommunications businesses. At a meeting on October 31, 1995, and at later meetings in early November, 1995, representatives of both parties, including Messrs. Schwartz, Tellep and Augustine, met to further discuss the possibility of such a transaction. The parties discussed certain management and organizational issues, as well as certain broad transaction valuation parameters. Messrs. Schwartz, Tellep and Augustine agreed that representatives of the two companies should meet to continue discussions. At subsequent meetings later in November, members of the management of Parent and the Company, together with their respective legal counsel and representatives of Bear Stearns, met to discuss possible transaction structures and various financial, operational, accounting and legal issues. The discussions at these meetings focused initially on structuring the proposed transaction as a stock-for-stock merger, but due to pooling-of- interests accounting and other concerns raised by the proposed Spin-Off, the parties agreed to pursue a transaction in which the Company's shareholders would receive cash and Shares of the company now known as Loral Space. The parties also discussed the possibility of Parent acquiring a 20% equity interest in Loral Space. On December 4, 1995, Parent and the Company entered into a Confidentiality and Standstill Agreement (the "Confidentiality and Standstill Agreement"), relating to, among other things, the information to be provided by each company to the other and limiting the ability of each party for three years to acquire any voting securities or assets of, or solicit proxies or make a public announcement of a proposal for any extraordinary transaction with respect to, the other party. Parent and the Company subsequently obtained various financial and other information regarding each other's business. At a meeting on December 5, 1995, Messrs. Schwartz, Tellep, Augustine, and Mr. Frank C. Lanza, the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, met to further discuss the proposed transaction between Parent and the Company, and various operational and management issues related thereto. On the same day, other officers and legal representatives of the two companies and Bear Stearns met to discuss structure and business issues and commenced financial due diligence. On December 7, 1995, at a meeting of the Board, Mr. Schwartz informed the Board of the current discussions between senior management of the Company and members of Parent's management. After Mr. Schwartz presented the transaction, there was a discussion of the transaction's merits. At this meeting the Board discussed and adopted the Rights Plan and authorized the Executive Committee to set certain terms thereof and to implement the plan. The Board also authorized management to approach Lazard Freres & Co. LLC ("Lazard Freres") regarding an engagement to advise the Company with respect to the proposed transaction with Parent and to provide a fairness opinion in regard thereto and also authorized management to approach Lehman Brothers Inc. ("Lehman Brothers") regarding an engagement to advise the Company with respect to the proposed transaction, and in particular, with respect to Loral Space and the proposed Spin-Off. Following the meeting, management contacted Lazard Freres and Lehman Brothers regarding such engagements. At meetings held in early December, Messrs. Schwartz, Tellep and Augustine, together with representatives of Bear Stearns and counsel, continued their discussions as to specific organizational and operational issues related to the proposed transaction, but ultimately acknowledged that there were still very significant issues that were not yet resolved and that it might therefore be advisable to suspend the current discussions pending further study. On December 12, 1995, the Board held a regular meeting. Among other items, the Board discussed the status of negotiations with Parent. Mr. Schwartz indicated that the parties had not agreed upon price and certain management and other issues. Following renewed valuation discussions between Messrs. Schwartz, Tellep and Augustine and representatives of Bear Stearns, during the week commencing December 18, 1995, Parent and its legal advisers delivered initial drafts of the principal transaction documents to the Company and its legal advisers, and over the next two weeks the parties and their respective legal counsel met to discuss and negotiate with respect to the principal transaction documents. 30 At subsequent meetings on December 21, 1995 and December 22, 1995 involving Messrs. Schwartz, Tellep and Augustine and various other members of the management of both Parent and the Company, along with representatives of Bear Stearns and certain legal counsel to Parent and the Company, the parties continued to discuss the structure of the proposed transaction, various operational and management issues relating to the transaction, and various price, timing and other significant terms and conditions related thereto. Although progress was made at these latter meetings with respect to a number of outstanding issues, many issues remained unresolved. Commencing on January 2, 1996, members of Parent's management met with members of the Company's management to review various information relating to the Company and to conduct a detailed due diligence review of the Company's defense and systems integration business. In addition, during this period, legal representatives of each company and various outside financial and accounting advisors of Parent and the Company met to conduct business, financial, accounting and legal due diligence, to discuss outstanding legal and other issues and to continue to negotiate the terms of the Merger Agreement and the Merger, the Distribution Agreement and the other transaction documents. Letter agreements with Lazard Freres and Lehman Brothers formally engaging them were entered into on January 4 and 5, 1996, respectively. On January 5, 1996, the Board met to discuss the proposed transaction. At that meeting, representatives of Lazard Freres gave a presentation analyzing the financial terms of the proposed transaction, and representatives of Lehman Brothers gave a presentation analyzing Loral Space and the proposed Spin-Off. The Company's legal counsel summarized for the Board the legal aspects of the proposed transaction. At a special meeting of the Board on January 7, 1996, the Board received summaries of their earlier presentations from representatives of Lazard Freres and Lehman Brothers and received the written fairness opinion of Lazard Freres. The Board deliberated as to the transaction and its merits and effects. After consideration of the presentations made by the Company's management and its financial and legal advisers at the January 5 and January 7 meetings of the Board, the Board unanimously (i) approved the Merger Agreement, the Distribution Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, (ii) determined that the Offer, the Merger and the Spin-Off, taken as a whole, are fair to and in the best interests of the shareholders of the Company and (iii) determined to recommend acceptance of the Offer and approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement and the Merger by the shareholders of the Company. On January 7, 1996, the Company was informed that the Parent Board had unanimously approved the terms and conditions of the proposed transaction with the Company, including the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, the Distribution Agreement and the other transaction documents contemplated thereby. The parties executed the Merger Agreement and the Distribution Agreement as of January 7, 1996 and publicly announced the transaction on January 8. On January 12, 1996, Purchaser commenced the Offer. (b)(2) REASONS FOR THE RECOMMENDATION In reaching the conclusions and recommendations described above, the Board considered a number of factors, including, without limitation, the following: 31 The proposed transaction provides a unique opportunity for the Company to consolidate its defense and systems integration businesses with those of Parent on very favorable terms, while refocusing the Company's future through Loral Space on space-based telecommunications services and satellite design, manufacture and systems integration. The creation and financing of Loral Space in connection with the transaction realized the important long-term strategy of the Board described above, and was, therefore, a significant factor leading to the Board's approval and recommendation of the transaction. Loral Space will emerge as a company with the management and the financial and technical resources needed to complete its current projects and to take advantage of the promising growth opportunities present in the satellite and telecommunications services businesses on a world-wide scale. In this regard, the Board considered the benefits to Loral Space of the technology sharing arrangement included in the Distribution Agreement. Loral Space will be permitted to purchase at cost research and development, technological and technical consulting and support services from all parts of Parent (subject to any applicable legal constraints). In addition, Loral Space will continue its ongoing access to certain intellectual property rights of the Company and its defense and systems integration subsidiaries. The proposed transaction will allow the Company to accomplish this fundamental redirection of its business on terms which are very favorable to the Company's shareholders in a transaction that has also been structured to take all due account of the interests of Company employees and the communities in which the Company operates. In addition, the proposed transaction preserves for Company shareholders the growth potential of Loral Space and enhances its prospects by affording it sufficient liquidity to ensure the completion of the Globalstar system and support other satellite telecommunications ventures. In considering the transaction, the Board considered the presentations of Lehman Brothers with respect to Loral Space and of Lazard Freres as to the financial terms of the proposed transaction and the written opinion of Lazard Freres that the aggregate consideration to be received by holders of Shares in the Offer, the Merger and the Spin-Off is fair to the holders of Shares from a financial point of view. Lazard Freres's presentation included a comparative analysis of the financial terms of the transaction with those of comparable transactions. A copy of the opinion of Lazard Freres is attached hereto as Schedule III and filed as Exhibit 14 and incorporated herein by reference. SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO READ THE OPINION OF LAZARD FRERES IN ITS ENTIRETY. The Board concluded that the value of the consideration to be received by the shareholders, including the cash price to be paid to the shareholders of the Company in connection with the Offer and the Merger, taken together with the shares of Loral Space stock to be received pursuant to the Spin-Off, represented a substantial premium over the recent market prices for Shares of Common Stock of the Company. The Board also concluded that the financial terms of the proposed transaction were very favorable when compared to the consideration received by shareholders in recent comparable transactions in the defense industry. The Board noted that it is contemplated that, following consummation of the transaction, Mr. Bernard L. Schwartz would become Vice-Chairman of Parent's Board of Directors and Mr. Frank C. Lanza would become a director and serve as one of two executive vice presidents and co-COO's of Parent with responsibility for the Parent business segment that will comprise Parent's existing electronics, systems integration, information and technical services businesses, including those Company businesses to be acquired in the transaction. The Board concluded that these provisions offered the best available reasonable assurance that the Company's defense and systems integration personnel and facilities would be integrated with those of Parent in a fair and reasonable manner from the point of view of the Company's transferred employees and the communities in which its defense and systems integration business operates. The Board did not assign relative weights to the factors or determine that any factor was of particular importance. Rather, the Board viewed its position and recommendations as being based on the totality of the information presented to and considered by it. ITEM 5. PERSONS RETAINED, EMPLOYED OR TO BE COMPENSATED. The Company entered into a letter agreement (the "Lazard Advisory Agreement") with Lazard Freres dated January 4, 1996, pursuant to which Lazard Freres agreed to act as financial advisor to the Company in connection 32 with a potential transaction involving the possible sale of a substantial interest in the Company or of a substantial portion of the Company's assets to another corporation or other business entity, which transaction may take the form of a merger or a sale of assets or equity securities or other interests and may also include the retention of certain assets and liabilities by the Company's shareholders (a "transaction"). As financial advisor, Lazard Freres agreed, among other things, to assist the Company as necessary to analyze the business and financial condition of the Company, formulate appropriate strategy and structural alternatives, advise in connection with negotiations and aid in the consummation of a transaction. Pursuant to the Lazard Advisory Agreement, the Company agreed to pay Lazard Freres a cash fee equal to $12 million upon the earlier to occur of (a) the acquisition by a buyer of beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Company's outstanding stock (or other common equity interest equivalent thereto) or 50% of the Company's assets and (b) consummation of a transaction, either during the term of the Lazard Advisory Agreement or during the one-year period following the expiration or termination thereof. 25% of such fee is payable upon the announcement of a definitive agreement. If a transaction is not completed, the Company agreed to reimburse Lazard Freres for its out-of- pocket expenses, including fees and expenses of legal counsel. In addition, pursuant to a letter agreement dated January 5, 1996, the Company also has agreed to indemnify Lazard Freres against certain liabilities, including fees and expenses of legal counsel, whether or not a transaction is completed. Lazard Freres has provided certain investment banking services to the Company from time to time for which it has received customary compensation. Lazard Freres has also in the past provided financial advisory and financing services to Parent unrelated to the foregoing proposed transactions and has received fees for the rendering of such services. In the ordinary course of its business, Lazard Freres may from time to time effect transactions and hold positions in securities of the Company and Parent. The Company entered into a letter agreement (the "Lehman Advisory Agreement") with Lehman Brothers dated January 5, 1996, pursuant to which Lehman Brothers agreed to provide financial advisory services to the Company in connection with the possible sale of the Company, or a substantial interest in the Company or a substantial portion of the Company's assets to another business entity, and in particular in connection with the transaction. In this connection, Lehman Brothers agreed, among other things, to provide general business and financial advice to the Company with regard to the transaction, consult with and advise the Company concerning the transaction and, if so requested by the Company, participate on the Company's behalf in negotiations related thereto, advise the Company and Loral Space generally with respect to valuation, capital structure and financing for Loral Space and advise the Company and Loral Space concerning the distribution of Loral Space common stock to the Company's shareholders. Pursuant to the Lehman Advisory Agreement, the Company agreed to pay Lehman Brothers a fee of $12 million payable if a transaction occurs either (i) during the term of Lehman Brothers' engagement or (ii) at any time during a period of 12 months following the effective date of termination or expiration of Lehman Brothers' engagement, with such fee payable 25% upon the announcement of a definitive agreement with respect to a transaction and the remaining 75% upon the earlier to occur of (a) the purchase of 50% of the Company's outstanding common stock or assets and (b) the consummation of a sale transaction. The 25% of the fee paid upon announcement of a definitive agreement shall be returned by Lehman Brothers if 50% of the Company's outstanding stock or assets are not sold and a sale transaction is not consummated within a period of 12 months following termination or expiration of Lehman Brothers' engagement. The Company also agreed to reimburse Lehman Brothers for its reasonable expenses, including professional and legal fees and disbursements, and to indemnify Lehman Brothers against certain liabilities, including legal fees and disbursements, whether or not a sale transaction is completed. Certain Merchant Banking Partnerships affiliated with Lehman Brothers (the "Lehman Partnerships") own 731.85 shares of Series S Preferred Stock of Loral Aerospace Holdings, Inc. ("LAH"), representing approximately an 18% indirect beneficial interest in LAH's 51%-owned affiliate, SS/L. Each share of Series S 33 Preferred Stock represents a beneficial interest in one share of common stock of SS/L. If the Lehman Partnerships continue to hold Series S Preferred Stock after January 1, 1998, or after a change of control of the Company, they will have the right to request that the Company purchase their Series S Preferred Stock at an appraised fair market value ("Appraised Value"). In such event, the Company may elect to purchase such Series S Preferred Stock at Appraised Value, or, if the Company elects not to purchase the stock, the Lehman Partnerships may require the combined interests of the Company and the Lehman Partnerships in SS/L to be sold to a third party. It is a condition to the transaction that the Lehman Partnerships exchange their shares of Series S Preferred Stock in LAH for equity securities in Loral Space which will have terms substantially equivalent to those of the Series S Preferred Stock. The Lehman Partnerships also have an aggregate equity interest of approximately 48% in K&F Industries, Inc. ("K&F"), a corporation of which Mr. Bernard L. Schwartz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, is a 27% stockholder and the Company is a 22% stockholder, and which acquired the Company's Aircraft Braking Systems and Engineered Fabrics divisions in 1989. Following the transaction, Loral Space will own the Company's 22% equity interest in K&F. From time to time, Lehman Brothers has provided certain investment banking, underwriting, financial advisory and other services to the Company and its affiliates (including Globalstar Telecommunications Limited, for which Lehman Brothers acted as lead managing underwriter for its initial public offering in February 1995), for which it has received customary compensation. Lehman Brothers also has in the past provided, and is currently providing, financial advisory and financing services to Parent unrelated to the foregoing proposed transactions, and has received, and will receive, fees for the rendering of such services. Lehman Brothers may trade debt and equity securities of the Company, Parent, Globalstar and K&F in the ordinary course of its business for its own account and the account of its customers and, accordingly, may at any time hold a long or short position in such securities. Except as disclosed herein, neither the Company nor any person acting on its behalf currently intends to employ, retain or compensate any other person to make solicitations or recommendations to security holders on its behalf concerning the Spin-Off, the Offer or the Merger. ITEM 6. RECENT TRANSACTIONS AND INTENT WITH RESPECT TO SECURITIES. (a) Except as set forth in Schedule II hereto, no transactions in the Shares have been effected during the past 60 days by the Company or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, by any executive officer, director, affiliate or subsidiary of the Company. (b) To the best of the Company's knowledge, except for Shares the sale of which may trigger liability for the holder(s) under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, each executive officer, director and affiliate of the Company currently intends to tender all Shares over which he or she has sole dispositive power to the Purchaser. ITEM 7. CERTAIN NEGOTIATIONS AND TRANSACTIONS BY THE SUBJECT COMPANY. (a) Except as set forth above or in Items 3(b) and 4(b), the Company is not engaged in any negotiation in response to the Offer which relates to or would result in (i) an extraordinary transaction, such as a merger or reorganization, involving the Company or any subsidiary of the Company; (ii) a purchase, sale or transfer of a material amount of assets by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company; (iii) a tender offer for or other acquisition of securities by or of the Company; or (iv) any material change in the present capitalization or dividend policy of the Company. (b) Except as set forth above or in Items 3(b) or 4(b) above, there are no transactions, Board resolutions, agreements in principle or signed contracts in response to the Offer that relate to or would result in one or more of the events referred to in Item 7(a) above. 34 ITEM 8. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED. The Information Statement attached as Schedule I hereto is being furnished in connection with the possible designation by the Purchaser, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, of certain persons to be appointed to the Board other than at a meeting of the Company's shareholders. ITEM 9. MATERIAL TO BE FILED AS EXHIBITS. Exhibit 1. Pages 10 through 13 of Loral Corporation's Proxy Statement dated June 26, 1995 relating to its 1995 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Exhibit 2. Loral Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. Exhibit 3. Loral Corporation Supplemental Bonus Program. Exhibit 4. Loral Corporation Supplemental Severance Program. Exhibit 5. Form of Employment Protection Agreement between Loral Corporation and executive officers of Loral. Exhibit 6. Loral Corporation Employment Protection Plan. Exhibit 7. Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 7, 1996 among Lockheed Martin Corporation, LAC Acquisition Corporation and Loral Corporation. Exhibit 8. Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement dated as of January 7, 1996 among Loral Corporation, certain of its subsidiaries and Lockheed Martin Corporation. Exhibit 9. Form of Tax Sharing Agreement by and among Loral Corporation, Loral Space & Communications Ltd., Lockheed Martin Corporation and LAC Acquisition Corporation. Exhibit 10. Rights Agreement dated as of January 10, 1996 between Loral Corporation and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent. Exhibit 11. Amendment No. 1 to Rights Agreement dated as of January 10, 1996 between Loral Corporation and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent. Exhibit 12. Form of Stockholders Agreement between Loral Corporation and Loral Space & Communications Ltd. Exhibit 13. Confidentiality and Standstill Agreement dated December 4, 1995 between Loral Corporation and Lockheed Martin Corporation. Exhibit 14. Opinion of Lazard Freres & Co. LLC dated January 7, 1996.* Exhibit 15. Form of Letter to Shareholders of Loral Corporation dated January 12, 1996.* Exhibit 16. Press Release issued by Loral Corporation and Lockheed Martin Corporation on January 8, 1996. - -------- * Included in copies mailed to shareholders. 35 SIGNATURE After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that the information set forth in this statement is true, complete and correct. Dated: January 12, 1996 Loral Corporation /s/ Michael B. Targoff By: _________________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President and Secretary 36 SCHEDULE I LORAL CORPORATION 600 THIRD AVENUE 36TH FLOOR NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10016 INFORMATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 14(F) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 AND RULE 14f-1 THEREUNDER ---------------- This Information Statement ("Information Statement") is being mailed on or about January 12, 1996, as a part of the Company's Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 (the "Schedule 14D-9") to the holders of record of Common Stock at the close of business on or about January 12, 1996. You are receiving this Information Statement in connection with the possible election of persons designated by Parent to a majority of the seats on the Board of Directors of the Company. The Merger Agreement provides that in the event the Purchaser acquires at least a majority of the Shares on a fully diluted basis pursuant to the Offer, Parent shall be entitled to designate for appointment or election to the Board upon written notice to the Company, such number of persons so that the designees of the Parent (the "Parent Designees") constitute the same percentage (but in no event less than a majority) of the Company's Board of Directors (rounded up to the next whole number) as the percentage of Shares acquired in connection with the Offer. Prior to consummation of the Offer, the Board of Directors of the Company will obtain the resignation of such number of directors as is necessary to enable such number of Parent Designees to be so elected. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties have agreed to use their respective best efforts to ensure that at least three of the members of the Company's Board of Directors shall, at all times prior to the Effective Time (as defined in Section 2.2 of the Merger Agreement) be, Continuing Directors (as defined in Section 8.4 of the Merger Agreement). The following information is based on the Company's Proxy Statement dated as of June 26, 1995, and, except as indicated, such information is given as of such date. You are urged to read this Information Statement carefully. You are not, however, required to take any action. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Schedule 14D- 9. The information contained in this Information Statement concerning Parent has been furnished to the Company by Parent, and the Company assumes no responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of such information. INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO THE COMPANY OUTSTANDING VOTING STOCK There were 173,068,379 shares of common stock, par value $.25 per share ("Common Stock"), of the Company outstanding on December 31, 1995 and each share is entitled to one vote on each matter and provides the holder with certain preferred stock purchase rights. As of December 31, 1995, the only officer or Director owning 1% or more of the Company's Common Stock was Bernard L. Schwartz, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, who owned beneficially 3,574,402 shares constituting approximately 2.0% of the Company's outstanding voting securities. All Directors and current executive officers as a group (27 persons) owned beneficially 5,864,853 shares constituting approximately 3.3% of outstanding voting securities. I-1 Based upon filings made with the Company, the only reported 5% Stockholder as of [June 16, 1995] is Fidelity Investments, FMR Corp. ("FMR") on behalf of advisory accounts and/or investment companies. FMR reported ownership of 10,710,508 (6.3%) shares of the Company's Common Stock, as adjusted to reflect the two-for-one stock split distributed on September 29, 1995. FMR represented that the shares were acquired for investment purposes for managed accounts, trusts or employee benefit plans. BOARD OF DIRECTORS The Company has three classes of Directors serving staggered three-year terms. Class I currently consists of three Directors and Classes II and III consist of four Directors. The terms of the Class I, Class II and Class III Directors expire on the date of the Annual Meeting in 1998, 1996 and 1997, respectively. The Company has a standing Audit and Government Compliance Committee (the "Audit Committee"), Nominating Committee, and Compensation and Stock Option Committee (the "Compensation Committee"). The Audit Committee, which met three times during fiscal 1995, is comprised of four members: Messrs. Hodes, Ruderman, Shapiro and Stanton. The Audit Committee reviews and acts or reports to the Board with respect to government procurement compliance matters as well as various auditing and accounting matters, including the selection of the Company's independent auditors, the accounting and financial practices and controls of the Company, audit procedures and findings, and the nature of services performed for the Company by, and the fees paid to, the independent auditors. The Nominating Committee, which met once in fiscal 1995, is comprised of Messrs. Kekst, Shapiro and Stanton. The Nominating Committee is chartered to establish criteria for recommendations for director nominees and in connection therewith, to consider the participation and contribution of current Directors. The Nominating Committee does not generally accept nominees randomly received from third parties, including Stockholders. The Compensation Committee, which met twice during fiscal 1995, is comprised of four members: Messrs. Gittis, Hodes, Kekst and Shapiro. The Compensation Committee reviews and provides recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding executive compensation matters. The Compensation Committee is also responsible for the administration of the Company's Stock Option and Incentive Stock Purchase Plans, Restricted Stock Purchase Plan and the Incentive Compensation Plan for Senior Executives. The Board of Directors held seven meetings during fiscal 1995. No Director attended fewer than 75% of the meetings of the Board of Directors and of its committees. Directors are paid a fixed fee of $25,000 per year. Non-employee Directors are also paid $6,000 for personal attendance at each meeting. Audit Committee members are paid $2,000 per year and $1,000 per meeting. Compensation Committee members are paid $500 per year. The Company provides certain life insurance and medical benefits to certain non-employee Directors. For fiscal 1995 the value of these benefits was $13,565 for Mr. Gittis, $15,515 for Mr. Hodes, $14,553 for Mr. Kekst, $14,223 for Mr. Ruderman, $12,928 for Mr. Shapiro and $14,170 for Mr. Yankelovich. In addition, Mr. Shapiro received compensation in the amount of $35,570 with respect to early cancellation of a prior life insurance policy. The Company has purchased insurance from the Reliance Insurance Company insuring the Company against obligations it might incur as a result of its indemnification of its officers and Directors for certain liabilities they might incur, and insuring such officers and Directors for additional liabilities against which they might not be indemnified by the Company. The insurance expires on April 1, 1996, and costs $321,300. Pursuant to the New York Business Corporation Law, the Company has entered into Indemnity Agreements with its Directors and executive officers. The Indemnity Agreements are intended to provide the full indemnity protection authorized by New York law. I-2 The following table provides certain relevant information as of June 26, 1995 concerning the Directors and their principal occupations:
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION AND SERVED AS DIRECTOR NAME AGE DIRECTORSHIPS CONTINUOUSLY SINCE ---- --- ------------------------ ------------------ Bernard L. Schwartz(1).. 70 Chairman of the Board of 1972 (Class III) Directors and Chief Executive Officer Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of K&F Industries, Inc. Director of Globalstar Telecommunications Limited, Reliance Group Holdings, Inc., and certain subsidiaries, Sorema International Holding N.V., First Data Corporation, and Trustee of N.Y. University Medical Center Frank C. Lanza.......... 63 President and Chief 1981 Operating Officer (Class II) Director of Globalstar Telecommunications Limited Howard Gittis........... 61 Director, Vice Chairman and 1990 (Class I) Chief Administrative Officer of MacAndrews & Forbes Holdings Inc. Director of Andrews Group Incorporated, Consolidated Cigar Corporation, First Nationwide Holdings, Inc., First Nationwide Bank, Jones Apparel Group, Inc., Mafco Worldwide Corporation, National Health Laboratories Holdings, Inc., NWCG Holdings Corporation, New World Communications Group Incorporated, New World Television Incorporated, Revlon Consumer Products Corporation, and Revlon Worldwide Corporation. Robert B. Hodes (1)(2).. 70 Of Counsel to Willkie Farr & 1959 (Class II) Gallagher, law firm, New York, N.Y. Director of Aerointernational, Inc., W.R. Berkley Corporation, Crystal Oil Company, Globalstar Telecommunications Limited, R.V.I. Guaranty, Ltd., LCH Investments N.V., Mueller Industries, Inc. and Restructured Capital Holdings, Ltd. Gershon Kekst (1)....... 60 President of Kekst and 1972 (Class I) Company Incorporated, corporate and financial communications consultants, New York, N.Y. Charles Lazarus......... 71 Chairman of Toys "R" Us, 1994 (Class II) Inc. Director of Automatic Data Processing, Inc. Malvin A. Ruderman...... 68 Professor of Physics, 1975 (Class III) Columbia University, New York, N.Y. E. Donald Shapiro....... 63 The Joseph Solomon 1973 (Class III) Distinguished Professor of Law since 1983 and Dean/Professor of Law (1973-1983), New York Law School Director of Bank Leumi Trust Co., Eyecare Products PLC, Vasomedical, Inc., Kranzco Realty Trust, MacroChem Corporation and Premier Laser Systems Vice Admiral Allen M. 87 Independent Consultant 1973 Shinn, U.S.N. (Ret.).... Director Emeritus of (Class II) Pennzoil Company
I-3
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION AND SERVED AS DIRECTOR NAME AGE DIRECTORSHIPS CONTINUOUSLY SINCE ---- --- ------------------------ ------------------ Arthur L. Simon......... 63 Independent Consultant 1995 (Class I) Partner, Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P., Certified Public Accountants, from 1968 to 1994 Thomas J. Stanton, Jr. 67 Chairman Emeritus of 1988 (2)..................... National Westminster (Class III) Bancorp NJ Director of Reliance Group Holdings, Inc., and Reliance Insurance Co. Daniel Yankelovich (2).. 70 Chairman of DYG, Inc., 1982 (Class I) market, consumer and opinion research, New York, N.Y. Director of U.S. West Inc., Meredith Corporations and Arkla, Inc.
- -------- (1) Member of Executive Committee. (2) Member of Pension Advisory Committee. I-4 SECURITIES OWNED BY DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS The following table presents the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Directors, the named executive officers in the Summary Compensation Table ("NEOs"), and all Directors and officers as a group on December 31, 1995. Individuals have sole voting and investment power over the stock unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes.
AMOUNT AND NATURE OF PERCENT NAME OF INDIVIDUAL BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP(1)(2) OF CLASS ------------------ -------------------------- -------- Bernard L. Schwartz....................... 3,574,402(3) 2.0% Michael P. DeBlasio....................... 180,926(4) * Howard Gittis............................. 6,000 * Robert B. Hodes........................... 28,800(5) * Gershon Kekst............................. 26,400 * Frank C. Lanza............................ 1,231,618(6) * Robert V. LaPenta......................... 206,350(7) * Charles Lazarus........................... 14,000(8) * Malvin A. Ruderman........................ 32,000(9) * E. Donald Shapiro......................... 28,000(10) * Allen M. Shinn............................ 22,341 * Arthur L. Simon........................... 2,000 * Thomas J. Stanton, Jr..................... 24,000 * Michael B. Targoff........................ 93,264(11) * Daniel Yankelovich........................ 33,000 * All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (27 persons)....................... 5,864,853(12) 3.3%
- -------- * Represents holdings of less than one percent. (1) Includes shares which, as of December 31, 1995, may be acquired within sixty days pursuant to the exercise of options (which shares are treated as outstanding for the purposes of determining beneficial ownership and computing the percentage set forth); shares held by trusts of which Directors and their wives are trustees; shares held by a trust in which an officer and Director is a trustee; and shares held for the benefit of officers as of March 31, 1995 in the Loral Master Savings Plan (the "Savings Plan"). (2) Except as noted, all shares are owned directly with sole investment and voting power. All Directors other than Messrs. Schwartz, Lanza, Gittis, Lazarus, Shinn and Simon have the right to exercise Loral stock options for 20,000 shares at $8.86 per share; such exercisable shares are included in the table. (3) Includes 160,000 shares held by Mr. Schwartz's wife, 2,400,000 shares exercisable under Company Stock Option Plans, and 12,224 shares in the Savings Plan. (4) Includes 63,428 shares exercisable under Company Stock Option Plans, 7,310 shares in the Savings Plan, and 3,936 shares restricted under the Company's Restricted Stock Purchase Plan. (5) Includes 800 shares as to which Mr. Hodes disclaims beneficial ownership held by Mr. Hodes' minor child. (6) Includes 525,700 shares exercisable under Company Stock Option Plans, 4,254 shares in the Savings Plan, and 9,362 shares restricted under the Company's Restricted Stock Purchase Plan. (7) Includes 6,222 shares in the Savings Plan, and 3,936 shares restricted under the Company's Restricted Stock Purchase Plan. (8) Includes 4,000 shares held by Mr. Lazarus' wife. (9) Includes 12,000 shares owned jointly with Mr. Ruderman's wife. (10) Includes 8,000 shares as to which Mr. Shapiro disclaims beneficial ownership held by Mr. Shapiro's wife. (11) Includes 44 shares in the Savings Plan, and 3,936 shares restricted under the Company's Restricted Stock Purchase Plan. (12) Includes 3,242,728 shares exercisable under Company Stock Option Plans, 52,614 shares in the Savings Plan, and 28,550 shares restricted under the Company's Restricted Stock Purchase Plan. I-5 FISCAL YEAR 1995 SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
ANNUAL COMPENSATION LONG-TERM COMPENSATION AWARDS ------------------- -------------------------------------- RESTRICTED SECURITIES ALL OTHER NAME AND STOCK UNDERLYING COMPEN- PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR SALARY BONUS AWARD(a)(b) STOCK OPTIONS(d) SATION(d) ------------------ ---- -------- ---------- ----------- ---------------- --------- Bernard L. Schwartz..... 1995 $908,300 $5,335,891 -- -- $88,252 Chairman of the Board of Directors 1994 $884,000 $3,604,237 -- 1,200,000 $97,399 and Chief Executive Officer 1993 $859,000 $3,525,669 -- 800,000 $86,266 Frank C. Lanza.......... 1995 $635,964 $2,611,215 -- -- $31,965 President and Chief Operating Officer 1994 $618,925 $1,751,404 -- 300,000 $25,000 1993 $600,924 $1,200,000 $1,623,019 -- $25,000 Michael P. DeBlasio..... 1995 $427,527 $ 527,106 -- -- $ 8,813 Senior Vice President-- Finance 1994 $402,973 $ 355,584 -- 140,000 $ 5,385 1993 $402,973 $ 330,556 $ 682,500 -- $ 5,284 Robert V. LaPenta....... 1995 $357,753 $ 526,226 -- -- $ 7,246 Senior Vice President and Controller 1994 $337,723 $ 311,069 -- 140,000 $ 8,620 1993 $337,723 $ 290,917 $ 682,500 -- $ 7,881 Michael B. Targoff...... 1995 $347,715 $ 526,712 -- -- $ 9,117 Senior Vice President and Secretary 1994 $327,684 $ 311,495 -- 140,000 $10,758 1993 $327,684 $ 291,301 $ 682,500 -- $ 9,692
- -------- (a) Value of shares awarded under the Restricted Stock Purchase Plan in 1993. Shares awarded under the plan vest and become freely transferable in accordance with a formula based upon Loral earnings. The total number of shares vesting under the plan each year is equal to 3% of the Company's pre-tax profit divided by the grant value (currently $52.50 per share) of restricted shares outstanding. Any shares not earned at the earlier of completion of the seventh year or termination of employment, will be forfeited. Dividends are paid on the restricted shares awarded. As of March 31, 1995, the number, as adjusted to reflect the two-for-one stock split distributed on September 29, 1995, and value of restricted stock holdings, respectively, were 9,362 shares and $198,357 for Mr. Lanza, 3,936 shares and $83,394 for each of Messrs. DeBlasio, LaPenta, and Targoff. (b) Under the 1994 Incentive Stock Purchase Plan, the Compensation Committee may permit participants to defer up to 100% of their annual bonus into a Restricted Stock Purchase Account (the "Restricted Account"). The Restricted Account will be used to purchase Loral Common Stock equal to 150% of the deferred bonus, subject to limits the Committee may establish from time to time. The shares in the Restricted Account earn dividends and generally vest 25% per year commencing upon the second anniversary of the grant date. The Committee may establish specified performance conditions that, if attained, will result in accelerated vesting. All non-vested shares are forfeited upon termination of employment and the remaining balance of the Restricted Account equal to the lesser of the original cost or the market value of the shares is returned to the participant. No shares have been issued under this plan. (c) Stock options, which have been adjusted to reflect a two-for-one stock split distributed on October 7, 1993 and a two-for-one stock split distributed on September 29, 1995, generally vest over a four and one-half to six year period. (d) Includes annual Board of Directors fee in 1995, 1994 and 1993 of $25,000 for Messrs. Schwartz and Lanza, company matching contributions of $3,100 in 1995, $3,598 in 1994 and $3,722 in 1993 to the Savings Plan for Messrs. DeBlasio, LaPenta and Targoff and the value of supplemental life insurance programs attributable to 1995, 1994 and 1993 in the amounts of $63,252, $72,399 and $61,266 for Mr. Schwartz, $5,713, $1,787 and $1,562 for Mr. DeBlasio, $4,146, $5,022 and $4,159 for Mr. LaPenta, and $6,017, $7,160 and $5,970 for Mr. Targoff, respectively, and $6,965 attributable to 1995 for Mr. Lanza. I-6 FISCAL YEAR 1995 OPTION EXERCISES AND YEAR-END VALUE TABLE AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
SECURITIES UNDERLYING VALUE OF UNEXERCISED UNEXERCISED OPTIONS IN-THE-MONEY OPTIONS NUMBER OF AT YEAR-END(a) AT YEAR-END(b) SHARES ACQUIRED VALUE ------------------------- ------------------------- NAME ON EXERCISE(a) REALIZED(b) EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE ---- --------------- ----------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------- Bernard L. Schwartz..... -- -- 2,000,000 -- $23,500,000 -- Frank C. Lanza.......... 112,000 $1,802,500 428,560 391,440 $ 6,672,850 $5,511,525 Michael P. DeBlasio..... -- -- 56,856 190,288 $ 937,785 $2,694,305 Robert V. LaPenta....... 27,996 $ 398,745 8,000 207,448 $ 130,000 $2,986,025 Michael B. Targoff...... -- -- 49,428 218,288 $ 845,205 $3,191,305
- -------- (a) As adjusted to reflect the two-for-one stock split distributed on September 29, 1995. (b) Market value of underlying securities at exercise date or year-end, as the case may be, minus the exercise price. EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS AND OTHER ARRANGEMENTS The Company has an employment agreement with Mr. Schwartz, which expires on March 31, 2000. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Schwartz's annual base salary was $908,300 for fiscal 1995, to be increased annually by the percentage change in a specified consumer price index. Under the agreement, Mr. Schwartz is entitled to annual incentive compensation equal to 3% of the increase over 9 1/4% in the Company's shareholders' equity as adjusted for stock issuances, other non-operating charges or credits and before dividends. In accordance with the incentive bonus provisions, Mr. Schwartz received fiscal 1995 incentive compensation of $5,214,426. The agreement also includes a cap on maximum annual incentive compensation of $9 million, as adjusted for inflation. Pursuant to the agreement, if Mr. Schwartz is removed as Chairman of the Board of Directors or as Chief Executive Officer other than for cause, or if his duties, authorities or responsibilities are diminished, or if there is a change of control (as defined to encompass the Company becoming a subsidiary of another company, the acquisition of 35% or more of the voting securities of the Company by a particular stockholder or group, or a change in 35% of the Company's directors at the insistence of the shareholder group), Mr. Schwartz may elect to terminate the contract. In any such event, or upon his death or disability, Mr. Schwartz will be entitled to receive a lump sum payment discounted at 9% per annum, in an amount equal to his base salary as adjusted for defined consumer price index changes for the remainder of the term, an amount of incentive compensation equal to the highest received by Mr. Schwartz in any of the prior three years, times the number of years (including partial fiscal years) remaining during the term, and an amount calculated to approximate the annual compensation element reflected in the difference between fair market value and exercise price of stock options granted to Mr. Schwartz. All such sums are further increased to offset any tax due by Mr. Schwartz under the excise tax and related provisions of Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code but subject to a cap equal to 200% of any such tax. The Company also has an employment agreement with Mr. Lanza for a five year term expiring March 31, 1997. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Lanza's annual base salary was $634,500 for fiscal 1995, to be increased annually by the percentage change in a specified consumer price index. Under the agreement, Mr. Lanza is entitled to annual incentive compensation under the growth in shareholders' equity formula applicable under Mr. Schwartz's employment agreement, but at 1 1/2% of the increase over the 9 1/4% threshold. As a result, Mr. Lanza received fiscal 1995 incentive compensation of $2,607,213. If Mr. Lanza becomes disabled, he will receive 50% of his salary for the remainder of the term. The Company has established Supplemental Life Insurance Programs for certain key employees including the executives listed in the Summary Compensation Table. For Messrs. Schwartz, Lanza, DeBlasio, LaPenta and I-7 Targoff, the Plans are funded with "Split-Dollar" insurance policies in the face amounts of $20,500,000, $1,000,000, $1,060,000, $1,200,000 and $1,450,000 respectively. In the event of death, the Company will be entitled to receive an amount not less than the Company's cumulative contributions. If any of such officers terminates his employment prior to the time that the Company's contributions equal the cash value of the insurance policy, he will be responsible for repayment of the remainder of the Company's contribution to the extent cash becomes available in the policy. Such officers contribute to the payment for this program. PENSION PLANS The individuals named in the Summary Compensation Table participate in a pension plan that generally provides an annual benefit for each year of membership for the first 14 years of Loral service, of 1.2% of such remuneration up to the Social Security Wage Base and 1.45% of such remuneration in excess of that Base, and for 15 or more years of Loral service, 1.5% of such remuneration up to the Social Security Wage Base and 1.75% of such remuneration in excess of that Base, all subject to certain vesting and other requirements. These individuals also participate in a supplemental plan which generally makes up for certain reductions in such benefits caused by Internal Revenue Code limitations. Remuneration covered by the plans primarily includes salary and bonus. Estimated annual benefits upon retirement for Messrs. Schwartz, Lanza, DeBlasio, LaPenta and Targoff under the pension and supplemental plans are $1,117,000, $486,000, $249,000, $344,000 and $295,000, respectively. The retirement benefits have been computed assuming that (i) employment will be continued until normal retirement, or until the expiration of current employment agreements, if later; and (ii) current levels of creditable compensation and the Social Security Wage Base will continue without increases or adjustments throughout the remainder of the computation period. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS Mr. Schwartz is Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, 27% owner, and controlling shareholder of K&F Industries, Inc. ("K&F"), which acquired the Company's Aircraft Braking and Engineered Fabrics businesses in April 1989. Certain other individuals named in the Summary Compensation Table are directors of K&F's operating subsidiaries. Mr. Schwartz and the other individuals named in the Summary Compensation Table receive compensation from K&F for rendering advisory services to K&F. Such compensation is not included in the Summary Compensation Table but is considered by the Compensation Committee regarding compensation from Loral. In September 1994, the Company exchanged its $30 million 14.75% pay-in-kind subordinated convertible K&F debenture due in 2004 for $11,514,000 in cash, net of expenses, and a 22.5% voting equity interest in K&F. Pursuant to agreements between the Company and K&F, the parties provide services to each other and share certain expenses relating to a production program, real property occupancy, benefits administration, treasury, accounting and legal services. The related charges agreed upon by the parties were established to reimburse each party for the actual cost incurred without profit or fee. The Company believes that the arrangements with K&F are as favorable to the Company as could have been obtained from unaffiliated parties. The Company's billings to and from K&F in fiscal 1995 were $3,014,000 and $15,000, respectively. The Company's sales to K&F in fiscal 1995 were $4,181,000. Mr. Robert B. Hodes, a Director and a member of the Executive, Audit, Pension Advisory, and Compensation Committees, is of counsel to the law firm of Willkie Farr & Gallagher, which is general counsel to the Company. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 1995, the Company paid fees and disbursements in the amount of $182,000 for corporate communications consultations to Kekst and Company Incorporated, of which company Mr. Gershon Kekst, a Director and member of the Executive, Nominating, and Compensation Committees, is President and the principal stockholder. Kekst and Company Incorporated continues to render such services to the Company. I-8 INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO PARENT PARENT DESIGNEES Set forth below are the names, ages, present principal occupations, five year employment history and other directorships held in public companies of the Parent Designees. MARCUS C. BENNETT, 60, Director since 1995; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Parent since March 16, 1995; Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Martin Marietta Corporation since 1988; served as Vice President of Finance of Martin Marietta Corporation from 1984 to 1988; serves as Chairman of Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., a majority owned subsidiary of Martin Marietta Corporation, and Orlando Central Park, Inc. and Chesapeake Park, Inc., wholly owned subsidiaries of Martin Marietta Corporation; director of Carpenter Technology, Inc.; member of the Financial Executives Institute, MAPI Finance Council and The Economic Club of Washington; serves as a director of the Private Sector Council and as a member of its CFO Task Force. VANCE D. COFFMAN, (51), Director since 1996; Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since 1996; President and Chief Operating Officer, Space and Strategic Missiles Sector from March 1995 to December 1995; previously served in Lockheed Corporation as Executive Vice President, from 1992-1995; and President of Lockheed Space Systems Division from 1988-1992. JOHN F. EGAN, 60, Vice President, Corporate Development, of Lockheed Martin Corporation since March 1995, after having served in a similar position at Lockheed Corporation and served as Vice President for planning and technology for Lockheed Electronics Group from 1986 to 1993 following the acquisition of Sanders Associates, Inc., by Lockheed Corporation. Joined Sanders Associates, Inc. in 1973 as Director of Business Development for the Federal Systems Group; became General Manager of two product divisions in 1975 and became Vice President, Corporate Development in 1978. Dr. Egan is a member of the Chief of Naval Operations Executive Panel and the Naval Studies Board, National Research Council. JOHN E. MONTAGUE, 41, Vice President, Financial Strategies, for Lockheed Martin Corporation since March 1995, after having served as Vice President of Corporate Development and Investor Relations for Martin Marietta Corporation from 1991 to 1995; served as Director of Corporate Development prior to being promoted to Vice President in 1991; served as Manager of Strategic Planning for Martin Marietta Information & Communications Systems in Denver from 1984 to 1985; and joined Martin Marietta Corporation in 1977 as a member of the Engineering staff of Martin Marietta Denver Aerospace. Mr. Montague is a member of the Board of Directors of Martin Marietta Corporation and of Rational Software Corporation. FRANK H. MENAKER, JR., 55, Vice President and General Counsel for Lockheed Martin Corporation since March 1995, after having served in the same capacity for Martin Marietta Corporation since 1981. He joined Martin Marietta Corporation in 1970 as an Assistant Division Counsel for aerospace operations in Baltimore; became a Corporate Assistant General Counsel in 1973 and in 1977 was named General Counsel of that corporation's aerospace operations. Mr. Menaker is Chair of the ABA Public Contract Law Section, a member of the Board of Directors of the National Chamber Litigation Center, and a member of the Steering Committee for the Lawyer's Committee for Human Rights. LILLIAN M. TRIPPETT, 42, Corporate Secretary and Associate General Counsel of Lockheed Martin Corporation since March 1995, after having served as Corporate Secretary and Assistant General Counsel of Martin Marietta Corporation since April 1993. Ms. Trippett joined Martin Marietta Corporation in July 1989 as a Director of Washington Operations. Prior to joining Martin Marietta Corporation, she served for fourteen years on the staff of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology in the House of Representatives. From 1983-1989 she served as Counsel to the Subcommittee on Space, Science and Applications, specializing in space commercialization. Ms. Trippett is a member of the International Institute of Space Law of the International Astronautical Federation, American Bar Association and the American Society of Corporate Secretaries. ROBERT B. CORLETT, 56, Vice President, Human Resources, of Lockheed Martin Corporation since March 1995, after having served in the same capacity for Lockheed Corporation since 1991; served as Vice President, Human Resources, for the former Lockheed Aeronautical Systems, Company in 1987, after leaving the Corporation in 1980 and rejoining the Corporation in 1987; served as Director of Industrial Relations in 1979 and in 1971 transferred to the Lockheed California Company, where he held a variety of Human Resources I-9 positions leading to his appointment as Manager of Union Relations in 1975. Mr. Corlett serves on the Board of Directors and Executive Committee of the Labor Policy Association, and is a member of the Personnel Roundtable, the Aerospace Human Resources Council, and the Human Resource Roundtable of the University of California at Los Angeles. WALTER E. SKOWRONSKI, 47, Vice President and Treasurer of Lockheed Martin Corporation since March 1995, after having served in the same capacity for Lockheed Corporation since 1992, and as its staff Vice President--Investor Relations since 1990. Prior to joining Lockheed Corporation in 1990, Mr. Skowronski was Assistant Treasurer of Boston Edison Company and from 1987 to 1990 was an instructor of Corporate Finance and Investor Relations at Northeastern University's Graduate School of Business Administration. Mr. Skowronski is a former director of the National Investor Relations Institute and served as its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF NOMINATED DIRECTORS No Parent Designee directly or beneficially owns shares of Common Stock of the Company. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS There have been no transactions or series of transactions, since April 1, 1995, to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries was or is to be a party in which the amount involved exceeds $60,000 and in which any of the Parent Designees had or will have a direct or indirect material interest, nor has any Parent Designee been indebted to the Company or its subsidiaries in an amount in excess of $60,000 or been involved in a material business relationship with the Company or its subsidiaries. I-10 SCHEDULE II CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS IN SHARES OF COMMON STOCK OF LORAL CORPORATION EFFECTED DURING THE PAST 60 DAYS There have been no transactions in the Shares during the past 60 days by the Company or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, by any executive officer, director, affiliate or subsidiary of the Company, except that the following stock options have been exercised by the Company's executive officers:
PARTY DATE NUMBER OF PRICE EFFECTING OF SHARES PER TRANSACTION TRANSACTION PURCHASED SHARE ----------- ----------- --------- -------- Michael Targoff.............................. 12/19/1995 16,000 $4.43750 Michael Targoff.............................. 12/19/1995 13,976 5.00000 Michael Targoff.............................. 12/19/1995 12,000 2.25000 Michael Targoff.............................. 12/19/1995 2,300 5.00000 Michael Targoff.............................. 12/19/1995 28,000 7.90625 Eric Zahler.................................. 12/26/1995 8,000 3.00000 Eric Zahler.................................. 12/26/1995 10,000 8.00000 Eric Zahler.................................. 12/26/1995 2,400 7.90625 Nicholas Moren............................... 12/28/1995 6,400 7.90625 Nicholas Moren............................... 12/28/1995 7,200 4.28125 Nicholas Moren............................... 12/28/1995 12,000 9.28125 Robert LaPenta............................... 12/28/1995 8,000 4.43750 Robert LaPenta............................... 12/28/1995 8,568 4.25000 Robert LaPenta............................... 12/28/1995 11,428 5.00000 Robert LaPenta............................... 12/28/1995 4,000 5.00000 Robert LaPenta............................... 12/28/1995 4,000 5.00000 Robert LaPenta............................... 12/28/1995 28,000 7.90625
SCHEDULE III [Letterhead of Lazard Freres & Co. LLC] January 7, 1996 The Board of Directors Loral Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, NY 10016 Dear Members of the Board: We understand that Lockheed Martin Corporation (the "Company"), LAC Acquisition Corporation ("LM Sub") and Loral Corporation ("Loral") have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 7, 1996 (the "Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company will commence a tender offer (the "Offer") to purchase all the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock of Loral ("Loral Common Stock") and associated preferred stock purchase rights for $38.00 per share in cash. Pursuant to the Agreement, following consummation of the Offer, LM Sub will merge (the "Merger") with and into Loral, and each remaining outstanding share of Loral Common Stock, with the exception of holders of dissenting shares, will be converted into the right to receive $38.00 in cash, all as more fully provided in the Agreement. In accordance with the Agreement and the Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement (the "Distribution Agreement") referred to therein, immediately prior to the consummation of the Offer, Loral will declare a distribution (the "Distribution") to holders of shares of Loral Common Stock of shares in a newly formed corporation ("New Loral") which will hold certain assets, including Loral's investments in Globalstar, L.P., Space Systems/Loral, Inc. ("SS/L"), and K&F Industries, Inc. and $712 million in cash to be provided to the Company pursuant to the Agreement, and be subject to certain liabilities. Such consideration to be received by the holders of shares of Loral Common Stock in the Offer, the Merger and the Distribution is hereinafter defined as the "Consideration". Also pursuant to the Agreement, the Company will retain a preferred stock interest in New Loral convertible into 20% of the common stock of New Loral, and will assume certain guarantees of Globalstar, L.P. bank debt. The Merger Agreement and the Distribution Agreement assume, with respect to the distributions to holders of Loral Common Stock, that all options, restricted shares and other securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Loral Common Stock are exercised or otherwise participate in the distributions. You have requested our opinion as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, to the holders of shares of Loral Common Stock of the aggregate Consideration. In connection with this opinion, we have: (i) Reviewed the financial terms and conditions of the proposed form of the Agreement; (ii) Reviewed the financial terms and conditions of the proposed form of the Distribution Agreement; (iii) Analyzed certain publicly available historical business and financial information relating to Loral and Globalstar Telecommunications Limited (together with Loral, a general partner of Globalstar, L.P.) and certain non-public financial information regarding Loral and the assets that will comprise New Loral; (iv) Reviewed certain projected financial information for Loral and New Loral furnished by Loral and New Loral; (v) Held discussions with members of the senior management of Loral and New Loral with respect to the businesses and prospects of Loral and New Loral; (vi) Considered certain terms of the agreements which govern the interests in SS/L and Globalstar, L.P., including certain put rights with respect to SS/L and certain restrictions on transfers relating to Globalstar, L.P.; (vii) Reviewed public information with respect to certain other companies in lines of businesses we believe to be generally comparable to the businesses of Loral and New Loral; (viii) Reviewed the terms of selected transactions in industries generally comparable to the businesses of Loral and New Loral; (ix) Reviewed the historical stock prices and trading volumes of Loral Common Stock and Globalstar Telecommunications Limited common stock; (x) Reviewed the presentation by Lehman Brothers Inc. to Loral's Board of Directors dated January 7, 1996 concerning New Loral; and (xi) Conducted such other financial studies, analyses and investigations as we deemed appropriate. We have not had the opportunity to review the final documents that may be used in connection with the Offer, the Merger or the Distribution, as such materials have not yet been prepared or, in certain cases, finalized. Neither have we had the opportunity to review the financial statements, pro forma financial statements or registration statement for New Loral, which have also not yet been prepared. We have relied upon the accuracy and completeness of the foregoing information, and have not assumed any responsibility for any independent verification of such information or any independent valuation or appraisal of any of the assets or liabilities of Loral or New Loral. With respect to financial forecasts, we have assumed that they have been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of management of each of Loral and New Loral as to the future financial performance of Loral and New Loral. We assume no responsibility for and express no view as to such forecasts or the assumptions on which they are based. Further, our opinion is necessarily based on economic, monetary, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to us as of, the date hereof. Loral has not authorized us to solicit third party indications of interest in acquiring Loral, New Loral or portions thereof. In rendering our opinion, we have assumed that the transactions described above will be consummated on the terms described in the forms of the agreements reviewed by us, without any waiver of any material terms or conditions by Loral, and that obtaining the necessary regulatory approvals for the transactions will not have an adverse effect on New Loral. Lazard Freres & Co. LLC is acting as financial advisor to Loral in connection with the transactions and will receive a fee for our services that is contingent in part upon the consummation of the transactions. We have in the past provided investment banking services to Loral, for which we have been paid customary fees. Our engagement and the opinion expressed herein are solely for the benefit of Loral's Board of Directors and the holders of Loral Common Stock. It is understood that this letter may not be disclosed or otherwise referred to without our prior consent, except as may otherwise be required by law or by a court of competent jurisdiction. Based on and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the aggregate Consideration is fair to the holders of Loral Common Stock from a financial point of view. Very truly yours, LAZARD FRERES & CO. LLC /s/ Felix G. Rohatyn By___________________________________ Managing Director 2 EXHIBIT INDEX
PAGE EXHIBIT NUMBER DOCUMENT NO. -------------- -------- ---- Exhibit 99.1. Pages 10 through 13 of Loral Corporation's Proxy Statement dated June 26, 1995 relating to its 1995 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Exhibit 99.2. Loral Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. Exhibit 99.3. Loral Corporation Supplemental Bonus Program. Exhibit 99.4. Loral Corporation Supplemental Severance Program. Exhibit 99.5. Form of Employment Protection Agreement between Loral Corporation and executive officers of Loral. Exhibit 99.6. Loral Corporation Employment Protection Plan. Exhibit 99.7. Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 7, 1996 among Lockheed Martin Corporation, LAC Acquisition Corporation and Loral Corporation. Exhibit 99.8. Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement dated as of January 7, 1996 among Loral Corporation, certain of its subsidiaries and Lockheed Martin Corporation. Exhibit 99.9. Form of Tax Sharing Agreement by and among Loral Corporation, Loral Space & Communications Ltd., Lockheed Martin Corporation and LAC Acquisition Corporation. Exhibit 99.10. Rights Agreement dated as of January 10, 1996 between Loral Corporation and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent. Exhibit 99.11. Amendment No. 1 to Rights Agreement dated as of January 10, 1996 between Loral Corporation and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent. Exhibit 99.12. Form of Stockholders Agreement between Loral Corporation and Loral Space & Communications Ltd. Exhibit 99.13. Confidentiality and Standstill Agreement dated December 4, 1995 between Loral Corporation and Lockheed Martin Corporation. Exhibit 99.14. Opinion of Lazard Freres & Co. LLC dated January 7, 1996.* Exhibit 99.15. Form of Letter to Shareholders of Loral Corporation dated January 12, 1996.* Exhibit 99.16. Press Release issued by Loral Corporation and Lockheed Martin Corporation on January 8, 1996.
- -------- * Included in copies mailed to shareholders.
EX-99.1 2 PGS 10 THROUGH 13 OF LORAL CORP'S PROXY STATEMENT Exhibit 99.1 FISCAL YEAR 1995 SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
LONG TERM COMPENSATION AWARDS ANNUAL ------------------------------------ NAME AND PRINCIPAL COMPENSATION SECURITIES -------------------- RESTRICTED UNDERLYING ALL OTHER POSITION YEAR SALARY BONUS STOCK AWARD(A)(B) STOCK OPTIONS(C) COMPENSATION(D) - ------------------------ ---- -------- ---------- ------------------ ---------------- --------------- Bernard L. Schwartz 1995 $908,300 $5,335,891 -- -- $88,252 Chairman of the Board 1994 $884,000 $3,604,237 -- 600,000 $97,399 of Directors and Chief 1993 $859,000 $3,525,669 -- 400,000 $86,266 Executive Officer Frank C. Lanza 1995 $635,964 $2,611,215 -- -- $31,965 President and 1994 $618,925 $1,751,404 -- 150,000 $25,000 Chief Operating 1993 $600,924 $1,200,000 $1,623,019 -- $25,000 Officer Michael P. DeBlasio 1995 $427,527 $ 527,106 -- -- $ 8,813 Senior Vice 1994 $402,973 $ 355,584 -- 70,000 $ 5,385 President - 1993 $402,973 $ 330,556 $ 682,500 -- $ 5,284 Finance Robert V. LaPenta 1995 $357,753 $ 526,226 -- -- $ 7,246 Senior Vice President 1994 $337,723 $ 311,069 -- 70,000 $ 8,620 and Controller 1993 $337,723 $ 290,917 $ 682,500 -- $ 7,881 Michael B. Targoff 1995 $347,715 $ 526,712 -- -- $ 9,117 Senior Vice President 1994 $327,684 $ 311,495 -- 70,000 $10,758 and Secretary 1993 $327,684 $ 291,301 $ 682,500 -- $ 9,692
__________ (a) Value of shares awarded under the Restricted Stock Purchase Plan in 1993. Shares awarded under the plan vest and become freely transferable in accordance with a formula based upon Loral earnings. The total number of shares vesting under the plan each year is equal to 3% of the Company's pre-tax profit divided by the grant value (currently $105 per share) of restricted shares outstanding. Any shares not earned at the earlier of completion of the seventh year or termination of employment, will be forfeited. Dividends are paid on the restricted shares awarded. As of March 31, 1995, the number and value of restricted stock holdings, respectively, were 4,681 shares and $198,357 for Mr. Lanza, 1,968 shares and $83,394 for each of Messrs. DeBlasio, LaPenta, and Targoff. (b) Under the 1994 Incentive Stock Purchase Plan, the Compensation Committee may permit participants to defer up to 100% of their annual bonus into a Restricted Stock Purchase Account (the "Restricted Account"). The Restricted Account will be used to purchase Loral Common Stock equal to 150% of the deferred bonus, subject to limits the Committee may establish from time to time. The shares in the Restricted Account earn dividends and generally vest 25% per year commencing upon the second anniversary of the grant date. The Committee may establish specified performance conditions that, if attained, will result in accelerated vesting. All non-vested shares are forfeited upon termination of employment and the remaining balance of the Restricted Account equal to the lesser of the original cost or the market value of the shares is returned to the participant. No shares have been issued under this plan. (c) Stock options, which have been adjusted to reflect a two-for-one stock split distributed on October 7, 1993, generally vest over a four and one- half to six year period. (d) Includes annual Board of Directors fee in 1995, 1994 and 1993 of $25,000 for Messrs. Schwartz and Lanza, company matching contributions of $3,100 in 1995, $3,598 in 1994 and $3,722 in 1993 to the Savings Plan for Messrs. DeBlasio, LaPenta and Targoff and the value of supplemental life insurance programs attributable to 1995, 1994 and 1993 in the amounts of $63,252, $72,399 and $61,266 for Mr. Schwartz, $5,713, $1,787 and $1,562 for Mr. DeBlasio, $4,146, $5,022 and $4,159 for Mr. LaPenta, and $6,017, $7,160 and $5,970 for Mr. Targoff, respectively, and $6,965 attributable to 1995 for Mr. Lanza. FISCAL YEAR 1995 OPTION EXERCISES AND YEAR-END VALUE TABLE AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
VALUE OF UNEXERCISED SECURITIES UNDERLYING IN-THE-MONEY NUMBER OF UNEXERCISED OPTIONS OPTIONS AT SHARES AT YEAR-END YEAR-END(A) ACQUIRED ON VALUE -------------------------- -------------------------- NAME EXERCISE REALIZED(A) EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE - --------------------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------- Bernard L. Schwartz -- -- 1,000,000 -- $23,500,000 -- Frank C. Lanza 56,000 $1,802,500 214,280 195,720 $ 6,672,850 $5,511,525 Michael P. DeBlasio -- -- 28,428 95,144 $ 937,785 $2,694,305 Robert V. LaPenta 13,998 $ 398,745 4,000 103,724 $ 130,000 $2,986,025 Michael B. Targoff -- -- 24,714 109,144 $ 845,205 $3,191,305 - ----------
(a) Market value of underlying securities at exercise date or year-end, as the case may be, minus the exercise price. EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS AND OTHER ARRANGEMENTS The Company has an employment agreement with Mr. Schwartz, which expires on March 31, 2000. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Schwartz' annual base salary was $908,300 for fiscal 1995, to be increased annually by the percentage change in a specified consumer price index. Under the agreement, Mr. Schwartz is entitled to annual incentive compensation equal to 3% of the increase over 9 1/4% in the Company's shareholders' equity as adjusted for stock issuances, other non- operating charges or credits and before dividends. In accordance with the incentive bonus provisions, Mr. Schwartz received fiscal 1995 incentive compensation of $5,214,426. The agreement also includes a cap on maximum annual incentive compensation of $9 million, as adjusted for inflation. Pursuant to the agreement, if Mr. Schwartz is removed as Chairman of the Board of Directors or as Chief Executive Officer other than for cause, or if his duties, authorities or responsibilities are diminished, or if there is a change of control (as defined to encompass the Company becoming a subsidiary of another company, the acquisition of 35% or more of the voting securities of the Company by a particular stockholder or group, or a change in 35% of the Company's directors at the insistence of the shareholder group), Mr. Schwartz may elect to terminate the contract. In any such event, or upon his death or disability, Mr. Schwartz will be entitled to receive a lump sum payment discounted at 9% per annum, in an amount equal to his base salary as adjusted for defined consumer price index changes for the remainder of the term, an amount of incentive compensation equal to the highest received by Mr. Schwartz in any of the prior three years, times the number of years (including partial fiscal years) remaining during the term, and an amount calculated to approximate the annual compensation element reflected in the difference between fair market value and exercise price of stock options granted to Mr. Schwartz. All such sums are further increased to offset any tax due by Mr. Schwartz under the excise tax and related provisions of Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code but subject to a cap equal to 200% of any such tax. The Company also has an employment agreement with Mr. Lanza for a five year term expiring March 31, 1997. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Lanza's annual base salary was $634,500 for fiscal 1995, to be increased annually by the percentage change in a specified consumer price index. Under the agreement, Mr. Lanza is entitled to annual incentive compensation under the growth in shareholders' equity formula applicable under Mr. Schwartz' employment agreement, but at 1 1/2% of the increase over the 9 1/4% threshold. As a result, Mr. Lanza received fiscal 1995 incentive compensation of $2,607,213. If Mr. Lanza becomes disabled, he will receive 50% of his salary for the remainder of the term. The Company has established Supplemental Life Insurance Programs for certain key employees including the executives listed in the Summary Compensation Table. For Messrs. Schwartz, Lanza, DeBlasio, LaPenta and Targoff, the Plans are funded with "Split-Dollar" insurance policies in the face amounts of $20,500,000, $1,000,000, $1,060,000, $1,200,000 and $1,450,000 respectively. In the event of death, the Company will be entitled to receive an amount not less than the Company's cumulative contributions. If any of such officers terminates his employment prior to the time that the Company's contributions equal the cash value of the insurance policy, he will be responsible for repayment of the remainder of the Company's contribution to the extent cash becomes available in the policy. Such officers contribute to the payment for this program. PENSION PLANS The individuals named in the Summary Compensation Table participate in a pension plan that generally provides an annual benefit for each year of membership for the first 14 years of Loral service, of 1.2% of such remuneration up to the Social Security Wage Base and 1.45% of such remuneration in excess of that Base, and for 15 or more years of Loral service, 1.5% of such remuneration up to the Social Security Wage Base and 1.75% of such remuneration in excess of that Base, all subject to certain vesting and other requirements. These individuals also participate in a supplemental plan which generally makes up for certain reductions in such benefits caused by Internal Revenue Code limitations. Remuneration covered by the plans primarily includes salary and bonus. Estimated annual benefits upon retirement for Messrs. Schwartz, Lanza, DeBlasio, LaPenta and Targoff under the pension and supplemental plans are $1,117,000, $486,000, $249,000, $344,000 and $295,000, respectively. The retirement benefits have been computed assuming that (i) employment will be continued until normal retirement, or until the expiration of current employment agreements, if later; and (ii) current levels of creditable compensation and the Social Security Wage Base will continue without increases or adjustments throughout the remainder of the computation period. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS Mr. Schwartz is Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, 27% owner, and controlling shareholder of K&F Industries, Inc. ("K&F"), which acquired the Company's Aircraft Braking and Engineered Fabrics businesses in April 1989. Certain other individuals named in the Summary Compensation Table are directors of K&F's operating subsidiaries. Mr. Schwartz and the other individuals named in the Summary Compensation Table receive compensation from K&F for rendering advisory services to K&F. Such compensation is not included in the Summary Compensation Table but is considered by the Compensation Committee regarding compensation from Loral. In September 1994, the Company exchanged its $30 million 14.75% pay- in-kind subordinated convertible K&F debenture due in 2004 for $11,514,000 in cash, net of expenses, and a 22.5% voting equity interest in K&F. Pursuant to agreements between the Company and K&F, the parties provide services to each other and share certain expenses relating to a production program, real property occupancy, benefits administration, treasury, accounting and legal services. The related charges agreed upon by the parties were established to reimburse each party for the actual cost incurred without profit or fee. The Company believes that the arrangements with K&F are as favorable to the Company as could have been obtained from unaffiliated parties. The Company's billings to and from K&F in fiscal 1995 were $3,014,000 and $15,000, respectively. The Company's sales to K&F in fiscal 1995 were $4,181,000. Mr. Robert B. Hodes, a Director and a member of the Executive, Audit, Pension Advisory, and Compensation Committees, is a partner in the law firm of Willkie Farr & Gallagher, which is general counsel to the Company. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 1995, the Company paid fees and disbursements in the amount of $182,000 for corporate communications consultations to Kekst and Company Incorporated, of which company Mr. Gershon Kekst, a Director and member of the Executive, Nominating, and Compensation Committees, is President and the principal stockholder. Kekst and Company Incorporated continues to render such services to the Company.
EX-99.2 3 LORAL SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT PLAN EXHIBIT 99.2 LORAL SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT PLAN Informally Known As The Loral SERP Effective April 1, 1995 Table of Contents
Page INTRODUCTION........................................................ iii Article I - Definitions............................................. 1 1.1 Annuity Starting Date........................... 1 1.2 Basic Plan...................................... 2 1.3 Basic Plan Benefit.............................. 2 1.4 Beneficiary..................................... 2 1.5 Board........................................... 2 1.6 Code............................................ 2 1.7 Committee....................................... 2 1.8 ERISA........................................... 3 1.9 Loral........................................... 3 1.10 Participant..................................... 3 1.11 Plan............................................ 3 1.12 Proper Application.............................. 3 1.13 QDRO or Qualified Domestic Relations Order...... 4 1.14 Trust Agreement or Trust........................ 4 1.15 Trustee......................................... 4 Article II - Benefits............................................. 5 2.1 Amount of Benefits.............................. 5 2.1.1 Formula Benefit................................. 5 2.1.2 Actual Benefit.................................. 5 2.2 Post-Retirement Death Benefits.................. 6 2.3 Pre-Retirement Death Benefits................... 6 2.4 Special Rules................................... 6 2.4.1 Small Benefit Cashout........................... 7 2.4.2 Lump Sum Benefit Limitation..................... 7 2.4.3 No Insured Death Benefit........................ 7 2.5 Benefits under Multiple Qualified Plans......... 8 2.5.1 Different Annuity Starting Dates................ 8 2.5.2 Same Annuity Starting Dates..................... 8 2.5.3 Death Benefits.................................. 9 Article III - Administration; Accrued Benefits; Right to Amend...... 10 3.1 Committee's Discretionary Power to Interpret and Administer the Plan............................. 10 3.1.1 Appointment..................................... 10 3.1.2 Role under ERISA................................ 10 3.1.3 Committee establishes Plan procedures........... 10 3.1.4 Role of Human Resource and Benefits Personnel... 10 3.1.5 Discretionary Power to Interpret Plan........... 11 3.2 Rules of the Committee.......................... 11 3.3 Claims Procedure................................ 13 3.4 QDRO Claim...................................... 15
i 3.5 Indemnification of Committee Members........... 16 3.6 Power to Execute Plan and Other Documents...... 16 3.7 Conclusiveness of Records...................... 16 3.8 No Personal Liability.......................... 17 3.9 How Plan Benefits are Accrued.................. 17 3.10 Right to Amend................................. 17 3.10.1 General Power to Amend......................... 17 3.10.2 No Cut-Back of Accrued Benefits................ 18 Article IV - Vesting and Forfeiture................................ 19 4.1 Vesting........................................ 19 4.2 Dismissed for Cause............................ 20 4.3 Forfeiture after Plan Benefits have Commenced.. 20 4.4 Determinations by Committee.................... 20 Article V - General Provisions..................................... 21 5.1 No Assignment or Alienation of Benefits........ 21 5.2 Withholding Taxes.............................. 21 5.3 No Right to Continue Employment................ 21 5.4 Unfunded Plan.................................. 22 5.5 Governing Law.................................. 22 5.6 Payment of Benefits............................ 22 5.7 Section Headings............................... 22 5.8 Payment to a Minor or Incompetent.............. 23 5.9 Doubt as to Right to Payment................... 24 5.10 Missing Payees................................. 24 5.11 Mistaken Payments.............................. 25 5.12 Receipt and Release for Payments............... 25 5.13 Illegality of Particular Provisions............ 26 5.14 Discharge of Liability......................... 26
ii INTRODUCTION In response to certain limitations under the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, on the maximum amount of compensation that can be taken into account and the maximum amount of benefits that can be paid from a qualified defined benefit plan, Loral Corporation ("Loral") has adopted this Plan effective April 1, 1995 to permit employees and their beneficiaries to be able to enjoy the benefits that would have been provided to them but for these limitations. The Plan shall be known as the Loral Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, or the Loral SERP, and reads as follows: iii Article I - Definitions The following terms shall have the designated meaning, unless a different meaning is clearly required by the context: 1.1 Annuity Starting Date. Subject to Section 2.5, "Annuity Starting Date" shall mean: (a) generally, the "Annuity Starting Date" defined in the Basic Plan, provided that the Participant is fully vested under Article IV, and Proper Application has been made. (b) With respect to any lump sum, the first day of the month coincident with or next following the date as of which the Participant is both (1) eligible to receive Plan payment and (2) has completed his Proper Application. (c) With respect to any one of a series of payments over the life or life expectancy of one or more distributees, the first day of the month for which the Plan benefit is paid, even if this date is not the date of actual payment. (d) The term "Annuity Starting Date" shall be determined with respect to Plan payments made to the Participant, rather than with respect to any survivor benefit payments. (e) The term "Annuity Starting Date" shall, in all events, be defined by Code Regulation Section 1.401(a)-20. 1.2 Basic Plan. The qualified defined benefit pension plan sponsored by Loral (or its subsidiaries or affiliates) in which an employee participates. If an employee has an interest in more than one such plan, then the term "Basic Plan" shall refer to such plans collectively except as the context shall otherwise require. 1.3 Basic Plan Benefit. The amount accrued by a Participant from a Basic Plan. 1.4 Beneficiary. Beneficiary means the person, trust, estate, or other entity entitled to receive benefits (if any) after the Participant's death under the Plan, which Beneficiary shall be the same as such Participant's beneficiary under the Basic Plan. 1.5 Board. The Board of Directors of Loral Corporation or the Executive Committee thereof. 1.6 Code. The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and all appropriate regulations and administrative guidance. 1.7 Committee. The administrative Committee appointed to administer the Plan pursuant to Article III. 2 1.8 ERISA. The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and all appropriate regulations and administrative guidance. 1.9 Loral. Loral Corporation, and depending on the context, its subsidiaries or affiliates. Loral shall act by resolution of the Board. 1.10 Participant. A Participant in a Basic Plan who accrues benefits thereunder on or after April 1, 1995 and whose Basic Plan Benefit is limited by (S) 415 of the Code or whose compensation for purposes of calculating a Basic Plan Benefit is limited by (S) 401(a)(17) of the Code. As context demands, the term "Participant" shall also include a former Participant. 1.11 Plan. This Loral Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, as amended, and as from time to time in effect. 1.12 Proper Application. For all Plan purposes, making any election, granting any consent, giving any notice or information, and making any communication whatsoever to the Committee or its delegates, in compliance with all Plan procedures, on forms provided by the Committee, and providing all information required by the 3 Committee. A Proper Application will be deemed to have been made only if it is properly completed, as determined by the Committee. 1.13 QDRO or Qualified Domestic Relations Order. A QDRO shall mean an order as defined in Code Section 414(p) and ERISA Section 206(d)(3), and shall be subject to all administrative rules established under the Basic Plan. The Committee shall have full discretionary authority to determine whether any court order is a QDRO. 1.14 Trust Agreement or Trust. The document executed by Loral and by the Trustee fixing the rights and liabilities of each with respect to holding assets to be used to pay Plan benefits, should any such assets be held in the Trust. The Trust is established pursuant to Loral's intention that the Plan shall be an unfunded plan, as detailed in Section 5.4. 1.15 Trustee. The trustee or trustees that may, from time to time, be in office, pursuant to the Trust Agreement. 4 Article II - Benefits 2.1 Amount of Benefits. The benefit payable from this Plan shall be in the form of a monthly annuity equal to the amount determined under Section 2.1.1 minus the amount determined under Section 2.1.2. Subject to Section 2.2, such benefit shall be payable as of the Participant's Annuity Starting Date and continue for the remainder of the Participant's life. 2.1.1 Formula Benefit. The benefit that would be payable to a Participant under the Basic Plan, in the form elected by the Participant pursuant to the provisions of the Basic Plan, irrespective of any limitations imposed by (S) 415 or (S) 401(a)(17) of the Code. 2.1.2 Actual Benefit. The Basic Plan Benefit actually paid to the Participant in whichever form he elects, after compliance with (S)(S) 415 and 401(a)(17) of the Code, plus any additional benefits paid to the Participant under any non-qualified defined benefit plan (besides this Plan) sponsored by Loral or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates. If benefits under the Basic Plan are increased as a result of an increase in the limitations under Code (S)(S) 415 or 401(a)(17) (or corresponding provisions of applicable law), benefits under this Plan shall be reduced by the amount of any such increase. 5 2.2 Post-Retirement Death Benefits. Upon the death of the Participant after his Annuity Starting Date, benefits will continue to be paid to such Participant's Beneficiary in an amount equal to the benefit determined under Section 2.1 multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the benefit payable from the Basic Plan after the Participant's death, and the denominator of which is the benefit payable from the Basic Plan immediately before the Participant's death. No amount will be paid after the Participant's death under this Plan if no such benefits are paid under the Basic Plan. 2.3 Pre-Retirement Death Benefits. Upon the death of the Participant prior to his Annuity Starting Date, his Beneficiary shall receive a benefit equal to the difference between the benefit received by such Beneficiary under the Basic Plan and the benefit that would have been paid under the Basic Plan irrespective of any limitations imposed by (S)(S) 415 or 401(a)(17) of the Code. No amount will be paid under this Plan on account of the Participant's death prior to his Annuity Starting Date unless such benefits are paid under the Basic Plan. 2.4 Special Rules. The following rules shall apply notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan. 6 2.4.1 Small Benefit Cashout. If the actuarial present value (utilizing the assumptions set forth in the small benefit cashout provisions of the Basic Plan) of a Participant's benefit under Section 2.1 or a Beneficiary's benefit under Section 2.3 is $3,500 or less, payment will be made from this Plan in a single lump sum as soon as practicable after the Annuity Starting Date (with respect to a benefit paid pursuant to Section 2.1) and the death of the Participant (with respect to a benefit paid pursuant to Section 2.3). 2.4.2 Lump Sum Benefit Limitation. Unless special approval of the Committee is obtained, and except for benefits paid pursuant to Section 2.4.1, no benefits under this Plan shall be paid in a lump sum. Accordingly, if any benefits are paid under the Basic Plan to a Participant in a lump sum, the amount payable under this Plan pursuant to the methodology set forth in Section 2.1 shall nevertheless be paid in the form of a straight life annuity for the Participant, beginning on the Annuity Starting Date and ending with the payment for the month in which the Participant dies. 2.4.3 No Insured Death Benefit. No benefit pursuant to Section 2.3 shall be paid with respect to any death benefit under the Basic Plan which is provided by insurance, to the extent that such benefit exceeds the minimum benefit required to be provided under the Basic Plan 7 under Code (S) 401(a)(11). 2.5 Benefits under Multiple Qualified Plans. The following rules shall apply if a Participant has a benefit under more than one Basic Plan: 2.5.1 Different Annuity Starting Dates. Benefits under this Plan shall be payable as of the Participant's earliest Annuity Starting Date under all such Basic Plans. In the event that the Participant has benefits payable under different Basic Plans, with different Annuity Starting Dates, then the amount of his benefit under this Plan shall initially be determined based only on the Basic Plans for which the Participant's Annuity Starting Date has occurred, as though such Plans were the only Basic Plans in which the Participant had accrued a benefit. When benefits later begin under the other Basic Plans, benefits hereunder shall be increased to reflect the intent of this Plan to fully make up to the Participant the benefits he had not received under all Basic Plans, as a result of the Code's limitations. 2.5.2 Same Annuity Starting Dates. If a Participant's Annuity Starting Date is the same under all Basic Plans, then benefits under this Plan shall generally be payable as of such date, provided the Participant is fully vested under Article IV, and that Proper Application has been made. 8 2.5.3 Death Benefits. If benefits are paid under the Basic Plans in different forms, the death benefits pursuant to Section 2.2 shall be determined with respect to each individual plan. 9 Article III - Administration; Accrued Benefits; Right to Amend 3.1 Committee's Discretionary Power to Interpret and Administer the Plan 3.1.1 Appointment. The Committee shall be appointed from time to time by the Board to serve at its pleasure. Any member of the Committee may resign by delivering his written resignation to the Board. 3.1.2 Role under ERISA. The Committee is the "named fiduciary" for operation and administration of the Plan, and the "administrator" under ERISA. The Committee is designated as agent for service of legal process. 3.1.3 Committee establishes Plan procedures. The Committee and its delegates shall from time to time establish rules and procedures for the administration and interpretation of the Plan and the transaction of its business. 3.1.4 Role of Human Resource and Benefits Personnel. Employees of Loral and its subsidiaries and affiliates who are human resources personnel or benefits representatives are the Committee's delegates and shall, under the authority of the Committee, perform the routine administration of the Plan, such as distributing and collecting forms and providing information about Plan procedures. They shall also establish Plan rules and procedures. 10 3.1.5 Discretionary Power to Interpret Plan. 3.1.5.1 The Committee has complete discretionary and final authority to (1) determine all questions concerning eligibility, elections, contributions, and benefits under the Plan, (2) construe all terms under the Plan and the Trust, including any uncertain terms, and (3) determine all questions concerning Plan administration. All administrative decisions made by the Committee, and all its interpretations of the Plan documents, shall be given full deference by any court of law. 3.1.5.2 Information that concerns an interpretation of the Plan or a discretionary determination, can be properly provided only by the Committee, and not by any delegate (other than legal counsel). 3.1.5.3 Should any individual receive oral or written information concerning the Plan, which is contradicted by a subsequent determination by the Committee, then the Committee's final determination shall control. 3.2 Rules of the Committee. 3.2.1 Any act which the Plan authorizes or requires the Committee to do may be done by a majority of 11 its members. The action of such majority, shall constitute the action of the Committee and shall have the same effect for all purposes as if made by all members of the Committee at the time in office. The Committee may act without any writing that records its decisions, and need not document its meetings or teleconferences. The Committee may also act through any authorized representative. 3.2.2 The members of the Committee may authorize one or more of their number to execute or deliver any instrument, make any payment or perform any other act which the Plan authorizes or requires the Committee to do. 3.2.3 The Committee may employ counsel and other agents and may procure such clerical, accounting, actuarial and other services as they may require in carrying out the provisions of the Plan. Legal counsel are authorized as the Committee's delegates. 3.2.4 No member of the Committee shall receive any compensation for his services as such. All expenses of administering the Plan, including, but not limited to, fees of accountants, counsel and actuaries shall be paid by Loral, to the extent that they are not paid under the Trust. 3.2.5 Each member of the Committee may delegate Committee responsibilities among Loral directors, officers, or employees, and may consult with or hire outside experts. 12 The expenses of such experts shall be paid by Loral, to the extent that they are not paid under the Trust. 3.3 Claims Procedure. 3.3.1 The Committee shall determine Participants' and Beneficiaries' rights to benefits under the Plan. In the event that a Participant or Beneficiary disputes an initial determination made by the Committee, then he may dispute the determination only by filing a written claim for benefits. 3.3.2 If a claim is wholly or partially denied, the Committee shall provide the claimant with a notice of denial, generally within 90 days of receipt, written in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant and setting forth: 3.3.2.1 The specific reason(s) for such denial; 3.3.2.2 Specific references to the pertinent Plan provisions on which the denial is based; 3.3.2.3 A description of any additional material or information necessary for the claimant to perfect the claim with an explanation of why such material or information is necessary (if applicable); and 13 3.3.2.4 Appropriate information as to the steps to be taken if the claimant wishes the Committee to revise its initial denial. The notice of denial shall be given within a reasonable time period but no later than 90 days after the claim is received, unless circumstances require an extension of time for processing the claim. If such extension is required, written notice shall be furnished to the claimant within 90 days of the date the claim was received stating that an extension of time and the date by which a decision on the claim can be expected, which shall be no more than 180 days from the date the claim was filed. 3.3.2.5 If no written notice of denial is provided by the Committee, then the claim shall be deemed to be denied, and the claimant may appeal the claim as though the claim had been denied. 3.3.3 The claimant and/or his representative may appeal the denied claim and may: 3.3.3.1 Request a review by making a written request to the Committee provided that such a request is made, within 65 days of the date of the notification of the denied claim; 3.3.3.2 Review pertinent documents. 14 3.3.4 Upon receipt of a request for review, the Committee shall within a reasonable time period but not later than 60 days after receiving the request, provide written notification of its decision to the claimant stating the specific reasons and referencing specific plan provisions on which its decision is based, unless special circumstances require an extension for processing the review. If such an extension is required, the Committee shall notify the claimant of the date, no later than 120 days after receiving the request for review, on which the Committee will notify the claimant of its decision. 3.3.5 In the event of any dispute over benefits under this Plan, all remedies available to the disputing individual under this Article must be exhausted, within the specified deadlines, before legal recourse of any type is sought. 3.4 QDRO Claim. Claims relating to or affected by a domestic relations order as defined by Code (S) 414(p) ("QDROs") or draft order shall be determined under the Basic Plan Committee's procedures concerning domestic relations orders. The claims procedure described in the preceding section shall not apply to any such domestic relations order claim. 15 3.5 Indemnification of Committee Members. To the fullest extent permitted by law, Loral agrees to indemnify, to defend, and hold harmless the members of the Committee and its delegates, individually and collectively, against any liability whatsoever for any action taken or omitted by them in good faith in connection with this Plan or their duties hereunder and for any expenses or losses for which they may become liable as a result of any such actions or non-actions unless resultant from their own willful misconduct; and Loral will purchase insurance for the Committee and its delegates to cover any of their potential liabilities with regard to the Plan. 3.6 Power to Execute Plan and Other Documents. The Vice President of Administration of Loral Corporation shall have the authority to execute governmental filings or other documents relating to the Plan (including the Plan document), or this authority may be delegated to another officer or employee of Loral or a subsidiary or affiliate, by either the Vice President of Administration of Loral Corporation or the Board. 3.7 Conclusiveness of Records. In administering the Plan, the Committee may conclusively rely upon the Basic Plan employer's payroll and personnel records maintained in the ordinary course of business. 16 3.8 No Personal Liability. No Committee member or delegate shall be personally liable by reason of any contract or other instrument executed by him or on his behalf in his capacity as a member or delegate of a Committee nor for any mistake of judgment made in good faith, and Loral shall indemnify and hold harmless each member of the Committee and each other officer, employee, or director of Loral to whom any duty or power relating to the administration or interpretation of the Plan may be allocated or delegated, against any cost or expenses (including counsel fees) or liability (including any sum in settlement of a claim with the approval of the Board) arising out of any act or omission to act in connection with the Plan unless arising out of such person's own fraud or bad faith. 3.9 How Plan Benefits are Accrued. Benefits that would be accrued under the Basic Plan, but for the limiting provisions of Code (S)(S) 415 and/or 401(a)(17), shall be deemed to be accrued under the Plan. 3.10 Right to Amend. 3.10.1 General Power to Amend. The Board may at any time amend the Plan in any respect or suspend or terminate the Plan in whole or in part without the consent of any Participant or Beneficiary or any subsidiary of Loral whose employees are covered by this Plan, subject to Section 3.10.2. Any such amendment, suspension or termination may be made with or without retroactive effect, save as provided 17 in Section 3.10.2. 3.10.2 No Cut-Back of Accrued Benefits. Notwithstanding the previous Section 3.10.1, this Plan may not be amended or terminated in any respect that has the effect of reducing or eliminating any Plan benefit that had accrued as of the effective date of the amendment or termination, unless the affected Participants or Beneficiaries each gives his consent. That is, there shall be no retroactive cut-backs of accrued Plan benefits, without individual consent. 18 Article IV - Vesting and Forfeiture 4.1 Vesting. 4.1.1. A Participant shall be entitled to a benefit under this Plan only upon satisfying the vesting requirements set out in this Section 4.1. 4.1.2. Vesting, as defined by this Section 4.1, shall occur only when the Participant has (i) satisfied the vesting requirements of the Basic Plan and made any contributions that are required to receive benefits under the Basic Plan, (ii) terminated employment with Loral, (iii) satisfied all eligibility requirements for benefits under this Plan, and (iv) applied and received Committee approval to receive Plan benefits, with respect to the forfeiture issues addressed by Section 4.1.3. 4.1.3. A Participant shall not be fully vested under this Section 4.1 until, following his termination and application for Plan benefits, the Committee has determined that he is not subject to forfeiture of his Plan benefits under this Section 4.1. Forfeiture of all Plan benefits (including death benefits and Plan benefits previously paid) under this Section 4.1 shall take place, notwithstanding any contrary Plan provision, if a Participant: (i) is Dismissed for Cause, as defined in Section 4.2, (ii) becomes employed by a company in substantial competition with Loral, or (iii) engages in conduct detrimental or contrary to the best interests of Loral. 19 4.2 Dismissed for Cause. "Dismissed for Cause" means termination of employment for (a) theft, embezzlement, or malicious destruction of Loral's property; (b) fraud or other wrongdoing against Loral; or (c) improper disclosure of Loral's trade secrets. 4.3 Forfeiture after Plan Benefits have Commenced. Even though the Committee has made an initial favorable vesting determination under Section 4.1., it may nevertheless determine that a Participant's Plan benefits, after payment has commenced, are forfeited, if the Committee reconsiders the issues addressed in Section 4.1.3 and determines that forfeiture is in fact warranted. Such a forfeiture shall be effective as of the date that the Committee determines the events of forfeiture have occurred, as set out in Section 4.1.3. The Committee may therefore make a retroactive forfeiture determination. Any Plan benefits that have been paid after the effective date of the retroactive forfeiture determination shall be considered a mistaken payment under Section 5.11. 4.4 Determinations by Committee. The Committee shall have full, final, and discretionary authority to make determinations under this Article IV. Any forfeiture determination made by the Committee shall be final, binding, and conclusive upon the Participant and his Beneficiaries. 20 Article V - General Provisions 5.1 No Assignment or Alienation of Benefits. Subject to Sections 2.2 and 2.3, and to any QDROs, payment of benefits pursuant to this Plan shall be made only to Participants. Such benefits shall not be subject in any manner to the debts or other obligations of the person to whom they are payable and shall not be subject to transfer, anticipation, sale, assignment, bankruptcy, pledge, attachment, charge or encumbrance in any manner, either voluntarily or involuntarily. 5.2 Withholding Taxes. Whenever under the Plan payment is made to a Participant or Beneficiary, Loral shall be entitled to require as a condition of payment that the recipient remit an amount, sufficient in Loral's opinion, to satisfy all FICA, federal and other withholding tax requirements related thereto. Loral shall be entitled to deduct such amount from any payment. 5.3 No Right to Continue Employment. This Plan is voluntary on the part of Loral and shall not be deemed to constitute an employment contract between Loral and a Participant and/or consideration for or an inducement for or condition of employment of any Participant. Nothing in this Plan shall be deemed to give any employee the right to be retained in the service of Loral or to interfere with the right of Loral to discharge, terminate or lay off any Participant at any time for any reason. 21 5.4 Unfunded Plan. The Plan is intended to constitute an unfunded, nonqualified pension plan for a select group of management or highly compensated employees, for the purposes of ERISA. 5.5 Governing Law. It is intended that the Plan conform to and meet the applicable requirements of ERISA and the Code. Except to the extent preempted by ERISA, the validity of the Plan or of any of its provisions shall be determined under, and it shall be construed and administered according to, the laws of the State of New York (including its statute of limitations and all substantive and procedural law, and without regard to its conflict of laws provisions). 5.6 Payment of Benefits. All benefits payable under the Plan shall be paid under the Trust Agreement. The rights or entitlement of any Participant or Beneficiary shall be no greater than those of an unsecured general creditor of Loral, subject to the Trust Agreement. 5.7 Section Headings. The section headings contained in the Plan are for purposes of convenience only and are not intended to define or limit the contents of said sections. 22 5.8 Payment to a Minor or Incompetent. If any amount is payable under this Plan to a minor or other legally incompetent person, such amount may be paid in any one or more of the following ways, as the Committee in its sole discretion shall determine: 5.8.1 To the legal representatives of such minor or other incompetent person; 5.8.2 Directly to such minor or other incompetent person; 5.8.3 To a parent or guardian of such minor or other incompetent person, to the person with whom such minor or other incompetent person shall reside, or to a custodian for such minor under the Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (or similar statute) of any jurisdiction. Payment to any person in accordance with the foregoing provisions shall pro tanto discharge Loral, the members of the Committee, and any person or corporation making such payment pursuant to the direction of the Committee, and none of the foregoing shall be required to see to the proper application of any such payment to such person pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.8. Without in any manner limiting or qualifying the provisions of this Section 5.8, if any amount is payable under this Plan to a minor or any other legally incompetent person, the Committee may in its discretion utilize the procedures described in Section 5.8. 23 5.9 Doubt as to Right to Payment. If at any time any doubt exists as to the right of any person to any payment under this Plan or the amount or time of such payment (including, without limitation, any case of doubt as to identity, or any case in which any notice has been received from any other person claiming any interest in amounts payable hereunder, or any case in which a claim from other persons may exist by reason of community property or similar laws), the Committee shall be entitled, in its discretion, to direct that such sum be held as a segregated amount in trust until such right or amount or time is determined or until order of a court of competent jurisdiction, or to pay such sum into court in accordance with appropriate rules of law in such case then provided, or to make payment only upon receipt of a bond or similar indemnification (in such amount and in such form as is satisfactory to the Committee). 5.10 Missing Payees. If all or portion of a Participant's vested Plan benefit becomes payable and the Committee after a reasonable search cannot locate the Participant (or his Beneficiary if such Beneficiary is entitled to payment), then, 5 years after the Participant's benefit first became payable under the Plan, a notice shall be mailed to the last known address of the Participant. If the Participant does not respond within three months, the Committee may elect, upon advice of counsel, to remove all records of the Participant's accrued benefit from the 24 Plan's current records and that benefit shall be used to offset future employer contributions. If the Participant or his Beneficiary subsequently presents a valid claim for benefits to the Committee, the Committee shall restore and pay the appropriate Plan benefit. 5.11 Mistaken Payments. No Participant or Beneficiary shall have any right to any payment made (1) in error, (2) in contravention to the terms of the Plan, the Code, or ERISA, or (3) because the Committee or its delegates were not informed of any death. The Committee shall have full rights under the law and ERISA to recover any such mistaken payment, and the right to recover attorney's fees and other costs incurred with respect to such recovery. Recovery shall be made from future Plan payments, or by any other available means. 5.12 Receipt and Release for Payments. Any payment to any Participant, Beneficiary, or to any such person's legal representative, parent, guardian, or any person or entity specified by Section 5.8 or under any other Plan provision, shall be in full satisfaction of all claims that can be made under the Plan against the Trustee and Loral. The Trustee and Loral may require such Participant, Beneficiary, legal representative, or any other person or entity described in this Section 5.12, as a condition precedent to such payment, to execute a receipt and release thereof in such form as shall be determined by the Trustee or Loral. 25 5.13 Illegality of Particular Provisions. The illegality of any particular provision of this Plan shall not affect the other provisions thereof, but the Plan shall be construed in all respects as if such invalid provision were omitted. 5.14 Discharge of Liability. If distribution in respect of a Participant is made under this Plan in a form, or to a person, reasonably believed by the Committee or its delegate to be proper, the Plan shall have no further liability with respect to the Participant (or his spouse or Beneficiary) to the extent of such distribution. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, LORAL CORPORATION, on its own behalf and as agent for each of its subsidiaries, has caused this Plan to be executed by its duly authorized officer, this ____________ day of __________________, 1995. LORAL CORPORATION By:____________________________________ Title: Vice-President of Administration 26
EX-99.3 4 LORAL CORPORATION SUPPLEMENTAL BONUS PROGRAM Exhibit 99.3 LORAL CORPORATION SUPPLEMENTAL BONUS PROGRAM Purpose The purpose of the Loral Corporation Supplemental Bonus Program (the "Program") is to provide supplemental bonus compensation to selected key executives of Loral Corporation (the "Company") in recognition of their dedication, service and contributions to the Company's business. Bonuses will be paid under the Program in connection with the successful consummation of the offer (the "Offer") described in Section 1.1(a) of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 7, 1996 By and Among Loral Corporation, Lockheed Martin Corporation and LAC Acquisition Corporation. Participation Key employees of the Company and its subsidiaries who are selected by the Company's Chief Executive Officer (the "CEO") or his designee ("Eligible Employees") shall be eligible to receive bonuses under the Program. The CEO shall not be paid a bonus under the Program. Amount of Bonus The amount of bonus compensation to be paid to an Eligible Employee (the "Bonus Award") shall be determined by the CEO. The aggregate amount of Bonus Awards payable pursuant to the Program shall not exceed the difference between (i) $40 million, and (ii) the cash amount actually paid to the CEO pursuant to Section 5 of his Restated Employment Agreement with the Company dated April 1, 1990, as amended June 14, 1994, as a result of the consummation of the Offer. Obligation to Pay Bonuses Effective as of the successful consummation of the Offer, the Company shall have a binding obligation to pay Bonus Awards to the Eligible Employees who have been selected for participation in the Program, in the amounts determined by the CEO. Such obligation shall be binding upon any successor of the Company. Bonus Awards shall be paid to Eligible Employees immediately prior to, contemporaneously with, or as soon as practicable after, the successful consummation of the Offer; provided, that, the Board of Directors may approve arrangements for the deferral of such payments in its discretion. Effective Date The Program is effective as of January 7, 1996. Amendment and Termination Prior to the successful consummation of the Offer, the Board of Directors of the Company may amend or terminate the Program in any respect, with or without the consent of any Eligible Employee; provided, however, that as of the successful consummation of the Offer, the Program may not be amended or terminated in any manner which would reduce or otherwise adversely affect the Bonus Award payable to any Eligible Employee without such Eligible Employee's express written consent. -2- EX-99.4 5 LORAL CORPORATION SUPPLEMENTAL SEVERANCE PROGRAM Exhibit 99.4 LORAL CORPORATION SUPPLEMENTAL SEVERANCE PROGRAM (EFFECTIVE JANUARY 7, 1996) LORAL CORPORATION SUPPLEMENTAL SEVERANCE PROGRAM (Effective January 7, 1996) Loral Corporation (the "Company") believes that the best interests of the Company and its shareholders will be served if certain key employees who have historically been engaged in or associated with the operations of the Company are encouraged to remain with the Company after the consummation of the Offer for the Common Stock of the Company pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger Dated as of January 7, 1996 By and Among the Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation and LAC Acquisition Corporation (the "Merger Agreement"). Accordingly, the Company hereby establishes this "Loral Corporation Supplemental Severance Program" (the "Program") for the benefit of such key employees. SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS In addition to the terms defined in the preceding paragraph, the following definitions shall apply for purposes of the Program. 1.1. "Annual Salary" means an Eligible Employee's annual rate of base salary as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Date. 2.2. "Board" means the Board of Directors of Lockheed Martin. 3.3. "Cause" means any of the following, other than due to an Eligible Employee's Permanent Disability or death: (a) an Eligible Employee's continuing willful neglect of, or refusal to perform, the duties required or associated with the Eligible Employee's employment; (b) an Eligible Employee's willful disclosure of confidential information or trade secrets of Lockheed Martin which results in material harm to the business or reputation of Lockheed Martin; (c) conviction of a felony, or a misdemeanor involving dishonesty, fraud, theft, larceny, or embezzlement, or any Federal offense of the type described in Article 14 of the Administrative Agreement between Lockheed Martin and the United States Air Force dated June, 1995; or -2- (d) a violation of Lockheed Martin' Standards of Conduct and Code of Ethics, which shall be provided to each Eligible Employee. 1.4. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. 1.5. "Committee" means the Committee of the Board designated to administer the Plan. 1.6. "Company" means the Loral Corporation and any successor or successors thereto. 1.7. "Company Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company. 1.8. "Effective Date" means the date of the successful consummation of the Offer as set forth in the Merger Agreement. 1.9. "Eligible Employee" means each full-time employee of either the Company or another Loral Company selected by the Company Board prior to the Effective Date for participation in the Program. 1.10. "Eligible Termination" means an involuntary termination of employment without Cause (other than by reason of Permanent Disability or death), or a resignation for Good Reason, which occurs on or within the two-year period following the Effective Date; provided, however, that the transfer of employment to another employer that is a member of the Lockheed Martin Companies shall not in itself constitute an Eligible Termination (but any such transfer will not preclude another or accompanying event or reason from constituting or causing an Eligible Termination, and the protections of the Program and corresponding obligations of the Company will remain in effect following any such transfer of employment). 1.11. "Good Reason" means any one or more of the following actions, without an Eligible Employee's express prior written consent or approval, other than due to an Eligible Employee's Permanent Disability or death: (a) any removal of the Eligible Employee from any of the positions he or she holds immediately prior to the Effective Date or an elimination of any such positions, when the effect of such removal or elimination is a material diminution of status, responsibilities or duties, or any lowering of job grade, excluding for this purpose a removal from responsibility for, or involvement with, U.S. Government business affairs which removal is mandated by reason of an indictment, suspension or proposed debarment of the type described in Article 14 of the -3- Administrative Agreement between Lockheed Martin and the United States Air Force dated June, 1995; or (b) any reduction of an Eligible Employee's Annual Salary. 1.12. "Permanent Disability" means an Eligible Employee's inability, by reason of any physical or mental impairment, to substantially perform the significant aspects of his or her regular duties, which inability is reasonably contemplated to continue for at least one (1) year from its incurrence. 1.13. "Offer" means the Offer as defined in Section 1.1(a) of the Merger Agreement. 1.14. "Program" means the Loral Corporation Supplemental Severance Program, as set forth herein and as amended from time to time. 1.15. "Severance Period" means the period commencing on the date of an Eligible Employee's Eligible Termination and continuing for a period of twelve months. 1.16. "Lockheed Martin" means Lockheed Martin Corporation. 1.17. "Lockheed Martin Companies" means Lockheed Martin and its subsidiaries and affiliates, and any successor or successors thereto. 1.18. "Target Bonus" means the annual bonus which would be payable to an Eligible Employee for the calendar year in which an Eligible Termination occurs, calculated on the assumption that the Eligible Employee and one or more Loral Companies or the Lockheed Martin Companies (or those entities or business units within the Loral Companies or the Lockheed Martin Companies) on whose performance the Eligible Employee's bonus depends achieve the applicable target performance goals established under the applicable bonus plan with respect to that year. If no target performance goals for the year in which the Eligible Termination occurs have been set prior to the Eligible Termination, the Target Bonus shall be determined by substituting, in the previous sentence, the highest annual bonus paid to the Eligible Employee during the three years immediately preceding the year in which an Eligible Termination occurs. 1.19. "Loral Companies" means the Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates, and any successor or successors thereto. -4- SECTION 2. EFFECT OF AN ELIGIBLE TERMINATION 2.1. If an Eligible Employee incurs an Eligible Termination, the Eligible Employee shall be entitled to all applicable benefits provided hereafter in this Section 2 or as otherwise set forth in this Program. (a) Payment of Salary Amount: Within twenty (20) business days after the date of his or her Eligible Termination, the Company shall pay or cause to be paid to the Eligible Employee a single lump sum amount, in cash, equal to the sum of (i) the Eligible Employee's Annual Salary, and (ii) the Eligible Employee's Target Bonus. (b) Welfare Benefits: Within thirty (30) days after the date of his or her Eligible Termination, the Company shall pay to the Eligible Employee a single lump sum amount equal to the full cost of coverage for such Eligible Employee (taking into account any special medical or other conditions applicable to such Eligible Employee) during the Severance Period (or, if the Eligible Employee is provided with such coverage at no additional cost to him or her under any other severance plan or arrangement, for the period from the date such coverage terminates until the end of the Severance Period) for medical, dental, life insurance, disability and accidental death and dismemberment benefits at the level provided to such Eligible Employee immediately prior to such Eligible Termination. (c) Payment of Accrued But Unpaid Amounts: Within twenty (20) business days after the date of his or her Eligible Termination, the Company shall pay the Eligible Employee any unpaid portion of the Eligible Employee's bonus accrued with respect to the full calendar year ended prior to the date of the Eligible Termination and all compensation earned by such Eligible Employee but not yet paid (including cash compensation for vacation days accrued but not taken as of the date of the Eligible Termination, based on the Annual Salary amount converted to a per diem equivalent in accordance with the Company's normal payroll practices as in effect prior to the Effective Date), except that any compensation deferred by the Eligible Employee under any qualified or non- qualified deferred compensation plans shall be paid in accordance with the terms and provisions of such plans. (d) Payment for Other Reduced Severance Benefits. The amounts payable to an Eligible Employee under this Section 2 are supplemental to any other severance benefits to which the Eligible Employee is entitled under any severance plan or program of the Loral Companies in effect as of the Effective Date (collectively, "Other Severance Benefits"). In the event that an Eligible Employee's Other Severance Benefits are reduced or eliminated after the Effective Date without his or her written -5- consent, the amount otherwise payable to an Eligible Employee hereunder upon an Eligible Termination shall be increased by the amount of such reduction or elimination. 2.2. Maximum Benefits: Anything in Section 2.1 to the contrary notwithstanding, payments under Section 2.1 shall not exceed the maximum amount which can be paid to an Eligible Employee without causing such payments to be treated as "excess parachute payments" for purposes of Section 280G of the Code taking into account all payments made to the Eligible Employee which constitute "parachute payments" for purposes of Section 280G. 2.3. Mitigation: An Eligible Employee shall not be required to mitigate damages or the amount of any payment provided for under this Program by seeking other employment or otherwise, and compensation earned from such employment or otherwise shall not reduce the amounts otherwise payable under this Program. No amounts payable under this Program shall be subject to reduction or offset in respect of any claims which the Company or any member of the Loral Companies (or any other person or entity) may have against the Eligible Employee. 2.4. Withholding: The Company may, to the extent required by law, withhold applicable federal and state income, employment and other taxes from any payments due to any Eligible Employee hereunder. SECTION 3. LIMITS ON AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION; EFFECT ON OTHER PLANS 3.1. The Company Board may terminate this Program prior to the Effective Date. As of the Effective Date, this Program (expressly including, but not limited to, this Section 3) shall remain in effect, and may not be altered or amended in any way which would adversely affect the rights of any Eligible Employee hereunder, for at least two (2) years following the Effective Date, and for such additional time as may be necessary to give effect to the terms of the Program as in effect at the Effective Date. Thereafter, the Company may amend or terminate this Program in any manner which does not adversely affect the rights of any Eligible Employee who has incurred an Eligible Termination. 3.2. An Eligible Employee shall, after the date of his or her Eligible Termination, retain all rights (to the extent any such rights existed at any time prior to the Effective Date) to indemnification under applicable law or under the applicable Loral Companies' Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws, as they may be amended or restated from time to time. In addition, to the extent coverage had been otherwise available to the Eligible -6- Employee prior to the Effective Date, the Company shall maintain Director's and Officer's liability insurance on behalf of the Eligible Employee, at the level in effect immediately prior to the date of his or her Eligible Termination. SECTION 4. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PROGRAM 4.1. The Committee shall be the Administrator of this Program and shall have the exclusive right, power and authority to: (a) interpret, in its sole discretion, any and all of the provisions of the Program; (b) establish a claims review procedure, if necessary and advisable; and (c) consider and decide conclusively any questions (whether of fact or otherwise) arising in connection with the administration of the Program or any claim for a benefit arising under the Program. Any decision or action of the Committee pursuant to this Section 4.1 shall be conclusive and binding. SECTION 5. MISCELLANEOUS 5.1. Neither the establishment of the Program nor any action of the Company, any other member of the Loral Companies or the Lockheed Martin Companies, the Committee, or any fiduciary shall be held or construed to confer upon any person any legal right to continued employment with the Company or with any member of the Loral Companies or the Lockheed Martin Companies. Nothing in the Program shall be construed to prevent the Company or any member of the Loral Companies or the Lockheed Martin Companies from terminating an Eligible Employee's employment for Cause. If an Eligible Employee is terminated for Cause, the Company shall have no obligation to make any payments under this Program, except for payments that may otherwise be payable under then existing employee benefit plans, programs and arrangements of the Company or of any other member of the Loral Companies or the Lockheed Martin Companies. 5.2. Benefits payable under the Program shall be paid out of the general assets of the Company. The Company is not required to fund the benefits payable under this Program; provided, however, nothing in this Section 5.2 shall be interpreted as -7- precluding the Company from funding or setting aside amounts in anticipation of paying any such benefits. 5.3. Benefits payable under the Program shall not be subject to assignment, alienation, transfer, pledge, encumbrance, commutation or anticipation by any Eligible Employee. Any attempt to assign, alienate, transfer, pledge, encumber, commute or anticipate Program benefits shall be void. In addition, no rights or interest under the Program shall be in any manner subject to levy, attachment or other legal process to enforce payment of any claim against any Eligible Employee except to the extent required by law. 5.4. Except as otherwise provided herein, this Program shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Company and the Eligible Employees and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns. If the Company shall be merged into or consolidated with another entity, the provisions of this Program shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the entity surviving such merger or resulting from such consolidation, and such provisions shall also be binding upon and inure to the benefit of any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company, and such successor shall assume and perform the obligations, responsibilities and liabilities to which the Company or any member of the Loral Companies is subject under this Program in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company or any member of the Loral Companies would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place. The provisions of this Section 5.4 shall continue to apply to each subsequent employer of any Eligible Employee in the event of any subsequent merger, consolidation or transfer of assets of any such subsequent employer. 5.5. This Program shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York (without reference to rules relating to conflicts of laws), except to the extent superseded by applicable federal law. 5.6. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Company under this Plan shall be taken by the Company Board, the Board or by the Committee, or any designee of the Committee pursuant to Section 4, in each case subject to the limits on amendment and termination contained in Section 3 hereof. 5.7. Entitlement to any benefits under this Program is expressly subject to and conditioned upon the Eligible Employee agreeing to and signing (i) a customary exit letter that may contain confidentiality, future cooperation and other provisions, if requested, and (ii) the Company's standard form general -8- release of employment and other claims that the Eligible Employee may have. -9- EX-99.5 6 FORM OF EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION PLAN Exhibit 99.5 [FORM OF] EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION AGREEMENT ------------------------------- THIS AGREEMENT between Loral Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Company"), and ______________________ (the "Executive"), dated as of this 7th day of January 1996. W I T N E S S E T H : ------------------- WHEREAS, the Company and the Executive have agreed to enter into an agreement providing the Company and the Executive with certain rights upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined below) to assure the Company of continuity of management; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants herein contained, it is hereby agreed by and between the Company and the Executive as follows: 1. Effective Date; Term. This Agreement shall be effective as of January 7, 1996. The Company may terminate this Agreement upon five (5) days advance written notice to the Executive; except that if this Agreement is in effect immediately prior to the date of a Change of Control (the "Effective Date"), it shall remain in effect for at least three (3) years following such Change of Control, and such additional time as may be necessary to give effect to the terms of this Agreement. This Agreement may also terminate as provided in Section 2(b) hereof. 2. Change of Control. (a) Except as provided in Section 2(b) hereof, for purposes of this Agreement, a "Change of Control" shall be deemed to have occurred if: (i) any person (as defined in Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time (the "Exchange Act"), and as used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) thereof)), excluding the Company, any majority owned subsidiary of the Company (a "Subsidiary") and any employee benefit plan sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Subsidiary (including any trustee of such plan acting as trustee), but including a "group" as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act (a "Person"), becomes the beneficial owner of shares of the Company having at least 50% of the total number of votes that may be cast for the election of directors of the Company (the "Voting Shares") provided, however, that such an event shall not constitute a Change of Control if such acquisition has been approved by a majority of the Incumbent Directors (as defined in subsection 2(a)(iii)); (ii) the shareholders of the Company shall approve any merger or other business combination of the Company, sale of the Company's assets or combination of the foregoing transactions (a "Transaction") other than a Transaction involving only the Company and one or more of its Subsidiaries, a Transaction approved by a majority of the Incumbent Directors, or a Transaction immediately following which the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to the Transaction, excluding for this purpose any shareholder owning directly or indirectly more than 10% of the shares of the other company involved in the Transaction, continue to have a majority of the voting power in the resulting entity, or (iii) within any 24-month period beginning on or after January 7, 1996, the persons who were directors of the Company immediately before the beginning of such period (the "Incumbent Directors") shall cease (for any reason other than death) to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") or the board of directors of any successor to the Company, provided that any director who was not a director as of January 7, 1996 shall be deemed to be an Incumbent Director if such director was elected to the Board by, or on the recommendation of or with the approval of, at least two- thirds of the directors who then qualified as Incumbent Directors either actually or by prior operation of this subsection 2(a)(iii). (b) This Agreement shall terminate upon, and no Change of Control shall be deemed to occur as a result of, the successful consummation of the "Offer" (as defined in Section 1.1(a) of the Agreement and Plan of Merger Dated as of January 7, 1996 By and Among the Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation and LAC Acquisition Corporation), or upon the successful consummation of any transaction which is approved by the Incumbent Directors and as a result of which Lockheed Martin Corporation or a wholly owned subsidiary thereof acquires substantially all of the Company's voting securities or substantially all of the Company's defense businesses. 3. Retention Period. If the Executive is employed on the Effective Date, the Company agrees to continue the Executive in its employ, and the Executive agrees to remain in the employ of the Company, for the period (the "Retention Period") commencing on the Effective Date and ending on the earliest to occur of (i) the third anniversary of the Effective Date, and (ii) the date of any termination of the Executive's employment in accordance with Section 6 of this Agreement. Position and Duties. (a) No Reduction in Position. During the Retention Period, the Executive's position (including titles), authority and responsibilities shall be at least commensurate with the highest of those held or exercised by him at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. (b) Business Time. During the Retention Period, the Executive shall devote his full business time during normal -2- business hours to the business and affairs of the Company and use his best efforts to perform faithfully and efficiently the responsibilities assigned to him hereunder, to the extent necessary to discharge such responsibilities, except for (i) reasonable time spent in serving on corporate, civic or charitable boards or committees of the nature similar to those on which the Executive served prior to the Change of Control, or otherwise approved by the Board, in each case only if and to the extent not substantially interfering with the performance of such responsibilities, and (ii) periods of vacation and sick leave to which he is entitled. It is expressly understood and agreed that the Executive's continuing to serve on any boards and committees on which he is serving or with which he is otherwise associated immediately preceding the Effective Date shall not be deemed to interfere with the performance of the Executive's services to the Company. 5. Compensation. (a) Base Salary. During the Retention Period, the Executive shall receive a base salary ("Base Salary") at a monthly rate at least equal to the monthly salary paid to the Executive by the Company and any of its affiliated companies immediately prior to the Effective Date. The Base Salary shall be reviewed at least once each year after the Effective Date, and may be increased (but not decreased) at any time and from time to time by action of the Board or any committee thereof or any individual having authority to take such action in accordance with the Company's regular practices. Neither payment of the Base Salary nor payment of any increased Base Salary after the Effective Date shall serve to limit or reduce any other obligation of the Company hereunder. For purposes of the remaining provisions of this Agreement, the term "Base Salary" shall mean Base Salary as defined in this Section 5(a) or, if increased after the Effective Date, the Base Salary as so increased. (b) Annual Bonus. In addition to the Base Salary, the Executive shall be awarded for each fiscal year of the Company ending during the Retention Period an annual bonus (either pursuant to a bonus plan or program of the Company or otherwise) in cash at least equal to the greater of the two most recent fiscal year bonuses (annualized, if awarded in respect of a partial year) awarded to the Executive prior to the Effective Date under the bonus program of the Company applicable to such Executive ("Annual Bonus"). If a fiscal year of the Company begins, but does not end, during the Retention Period, the Executive shall receive an amount with respect to such fiscal year at least equal to the amount of the Annual Bonus multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in -3- such fiscal year occurring during the Retention Period and the denominator of which is 365. Each amount payable in respect of the Executive's Annual Bonus shall be paid not later than 90 days after the fiscal year next following the fiscal year for which the Annual Bonus (or pro-rated portion) is earned or awarded, unless electively deferred by the Executive pursuant to any deferral programs or arrangements that the Company may make available to the Executive, in which event such deferred amount shall be payable in accordance with the terms of such deferral program or arrangement. Neither the Annual Bonus nor any bonus amount paid in excess thereof after the Effective Date shall serve to limit or reduce any other obligation of the Company hereunder. (c) Incentive and Savings Plans and Retirement Programs. In addition to the Base Salary and Annual Bonus payable as hereinabove provided, during the Retention Period, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all incentive and savings plans and programs, including stock option plans and other equity based compensation plans, and in all retirement plans, on a basis providing him with the opportunity to receive compensation (without duplication of the amount payable as an Annual Bonus) and benefits equal to those provided by the Company to the Executive on an annualized basis under such plans and programs as in effect at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. With respect to participation in stock option plans, Executive shall receive annual grants during the Retention Period at least equal to the average annual grants made to Executive during the two fiscal years immediately preceding the Effective Date. (d) Benefit Plans. During the Retention Period, the Executive and his family shall be entitled to participate in or be covered under all welfare benefit plans and programs of the Company and its affiliated companies, including all medical, dental, disability, group life, accidental death and travel accident insurance plans and programs, as in effect at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. (e) Expenses. During the Retention Period, the Executive shall be entitled to receive prompt reimbursement for all reasonable expenses incurred by the Executive in accordance with the policies and procedures of the Company as in effect at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. (f) Vacation and Fringe Benefits. During the Retention Period, the Executive shall be entitled to paid vacation and fringe benefits in accordance with the policies of the Company as in effect at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. -4- (g) Office and Support Staff. During the Retention Period, the Executive shall be entitled to an office or offices of a size and with furnishings and other appointments, and to secretarial and other assistance, at least equal to the most favorable of the foregoing provided to the Executive at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. 6. Termination. (a) Death or Disability. The Executive's employment shall terminate automatically upon his death. The Company may terminate Executive's employment during the Retention Period, after having established the Executive's Disability, by giving the Executive written notice of its intention to terminate his employment, and his employment with the Company shall terminate effective on the 90th day after receipt of such notice if, within 90 days after such receipt, the Executive shall fail to return to full-time performance of his duties. For purposes of this Agreement, "Disability" means disability which, after the expiration of more than 26 weeks after its commencement, is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Company or its insurers and acceptable to the Executive or his legal representatives (such agreement to acceptability not to be withheld unreasonably). (b) Voluntary Termination. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Executive may, upon not less than 30 days' written notice to the Company, voluntarily terminate employment during the Retention Period for any reason, provided that any termination by the Executive pursuant to Section 6(d) of this Agreement on account of Good Reason (as defined therein) shall not be treated as a voluntary termination under this Section 6(b). (c) Cause. The Company may terminate the Executive's employment during the Retention Period for Cause. For purposes of this Agreement, "Cause" means (i) gross misconduct on the Executive's part which is demonstrably willful and deliberate and which results in material damage to the Company's business or reputation or (ii) repeated material violations by the Executive of his obligations under Section 4 of this Agreement which violations are demonstrably willful and deliberate. (d) Good Reason. The Executive may terminate his employment during the Retention Period for Good Reason. For purposes of this Agreement, "Good Reason" means (i) a good faith determination by the Executive that, without his prior written consent, the Company or any of its officers has taken or failed to take any action (including, without limitation, (A) exclusion of the Executive from consideration of material matters within his area of responsibility, other than an insubstantial or inadvertent exclusion remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof from the Executive, (B) statements -5- or actions which undermine the Executive's authority with respect to persons under his supervision or reduce his standing with his peers, other than an insubstantial or inadvertent statement or action which is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of the notice thereof from the Executive, (C) a pattern of discrimination against or harassment of the Executive or persons under his supervision and (D) the subjection of the Executive to procedures not generally applicable to other similarly situated executives) which changes the Executive's position (including titles), authority or responsibilities under Section 4 of this Agreement or reduces the Executive's ability to carry out his duties and responsibilities under Section 4 of this Agreement; (ii) any failure by the Company to comply with any of the provisions of Section 5 of this Agreement, other than an insubstantial or inadvertent failure remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof from the Executive; (iii) the Company's requiring the Executive to be employed at any location more than 35 miles further from his principal residence than the location at which the Executive was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date; or (iv) any failure by the Company to obtain the assumption of and agreement to perform this Agreement by a successor as contemplated by Section 14(b) of this Agreement. (e) Notice of Termination. Any termination by the Company for Cause or by the Executive for Good Reason during the Retention Period shall be communicated by Notice of Termination to the other party hereto given in accordance with Section 15(c) of this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, a "Notice of Termination" means a written notice given, in the case of a termination for Cause, within 10 business days of the Company's having actual knowledge of all of the events giving rise to such termination, and in the case of a termination for Good Reason, within 180 days of the Executive's having actual knowledge of the events giving rise to such termination, and which (i) indicates the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, (ii) sets forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive's employment under the provision so indicated, and (iii) if the termination date is other than the date of receipt of such notice, specifies the termination date of this Agreement (which date shall be not more than 15 days after the giving of such notice). The failure by the Executive to set forth in the Notice of Termination any fact or circumstance which contributes to a showing of Good Reason shall not waive any right of the Executive hereunder or preclude the Executive from asserting such fact or circumstance in enforcing his rights hereunder. -6- (f) Date of Termination. For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Date of Termination" means (i) in the case of a termination for which a Notice of Termination is required, the date of receipt of such Notice of Termination or, if later, the date specified therein and (ii) in all other cases, the actual date on which the Executive's employment terminates during the Retention Period. 7. Obligations of the Company upon Termination. (a) Death. If the Executive's employment is terminated during the Retention Period by reason of the Executive's death, this Agreement shall terminate without further obligations to the Executive's legal representatives under this Agreement other than those obligations accrued hereunder at the date of his death, including, for this purpose (i) the Executive's full Base Salary through the Date of Termination, (ii) the product of the Annual Bonus and a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the current fiscal year of the Company through the Date of Termination, and the denominator of which is 365 (the "Pro-rated Bonus Obligation"), (iii) any compensation previously deferred by the Executive (together with any accrued earnings thereon) and not yet paid by the Company and (iv) any other amounts or benefits owing to the Executive under the then applicable employee benefit plans or policies of the Company (such amounts specified in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are hereinafter referred to as "Accrued Obligations"). Unless otherwise directed by the Executive (or, in the case of any employee benefit plan qualified (a "Qualified Plan") under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), as may be required by such plan), all such Accrued Obligations shall be paid to the Executive's legal representatives in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, the Executive's family shall be entitled to receive benefits at least equal to the most favorable level of benefits available to surviving families of executives of the Company and its affiliates under such plans, programs and policies relating to family death benefits, if any, of the Company and its affiliates in effect at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. (b) Disability. If the Executive's employment is terminated by reason of the Executive's Disability, the Executive shall be entitled, after the Date of Termination until the date when the Retention Period would otherwise have terminated, to continue to participate in or be covered under the benefit plans and programs referred to in Section 5(d) of this Agreement or, at the Company's option, to receive equivalent benefits by alternate means at least equal to those provided in accordance with Section 5(d) of this Agreement. Unless otherwise directed by the Executive (or, in the case of any Qualified Plan, as may be required by such plan), the Executive shall also be paid all Accrued Obligations in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the -7- Date of Termination. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, the Executive shall be entitled to receive disability and other benefits at least equal to the most favorable level of benefits available to disabled employees and/or their families in accordance with the plans, programs and policies maintained by the Company or its affiliates relating to disability at any time during the 90-day period immediately preceding the Effective Date. (c) Cause and Voluntary Termination. If, during the Retention Period, the Executive's employment shall be terminated for Cause or voluntarily terminated by the Executive (other than on account of Good Reason), the Company shall pay the Executive the Accrued Obligations other than the Pro-rated Bonus Obligation. Unless otherwise directed by the Executive (or, in the case of any Qualified Plan, as may be required by such plan), the Executive shall be paid all such Accrued Obligations in a lump sum in cash within 30 days of the Date of Termination and the Company shall have no further obligations to the Executive under this Agreement. (d) Termination by Company other than for Cause or Disability and Termination by Executive for Good Reason. (i) Lump Sum Payment. If, during the Retention Period, the Company terminates the Executive's employment other than for Cause or Disability, or the Executive terminates his employment for Good Reason, the Company shall pay to the Executive in a lump sum in cash within 15 days after the Date of Termination the aggregate of the following amounts: (A) if not theretofore paid, the Executive's Base Salary through the Date of Termination at the rate specified in Section 5(a) of this Agreement; (B) a cash amount equal to three times the sum of (1) the Executive's annual Base Salary at the rate specified in Section 5(a) of this Agreement; (2) the Annual Bonus; and (3) an amount equal to the average annual compensation received by the Executive (determined as the sum of the amount includable as current income to the Executive for tax purposes plus any amount which would have been so includable but for a deferral election) under the Company's restricted stock plan over the three fiscal years prior to the Change of Control; and (4) the present value, calculated using the annual federal short-term rate as determined under Section 1274(d) of the Code, of (without duplication) (x) the annual cost to the Company (based on the -8- premium rates or other costs to it) of obtaining coverage equivalent to the coverage under the plans and programs described in Section 5(d) of this Agreement, and (y) the annualized value of the fringe benefits described under Section 5(f) of this Agreement; provided, however, that with respect to the life and medical insurance coverage referred to in Section 5(d) of this Agreement, at the Executive's election made prior to the Date of Termination, the Company shall use its best efforts to secure conversion coverage and shall pay the cost of such coverage in lieu of paying the lump sum amount attributable to such life or medical insurance coverage; and (C) a cash amount equal to any amounts (other than amounts payable to the Executive under any Qualified Plans) described in Sections 7(a)(iii) and (iv) of this Agreement. (ii) Discharge of Company's Obligations. Subject to the performance of its obligations under this Section 7(d), the Company shall have no further obligations to the Executive in respect of any termination by the Executive for Good Reason or by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, except to the extent expressly provided under any of the plans referred to in Section 5(c) or 5(d) of this Agreement. 8. Non-exclusivity of Rights. Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit the Executive's continuing or future participation in any benefit, bonus, incentive or other plan or program provided by the Company or any of its affiliated companies and for which the Executive may qualify, nor shall anything herein limit or otherwise prejudice such rights as the Executive may have under any stock option or other plans or agreements with the Company or any of its affiliated companies. Amounts which are vested benefits or which the Executive is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan or program of the Company or any of its affiliated companies at or subsequent to the Date of Termination shall be payable in accordance with such plan or program. -9- 9. Certain Additional Payments by the Company. (a) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event it shall be determined that any payment or distribution by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive (whether paid or payable or distributed or distributable pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or otherwise, but determined without regard to any additional payments required under this Section 9) (a "Payment") would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (or any successor provision) or any interest or penalties are incurred by the Executive with respect to such excise tax (such excise tax, together with any such interest and penalties, are hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Excise Tax"), then the Executive shall be entitled to receive an additional payment (a "Gross-Up Payment") in an amount such that after payment by the Executive of all taxes with respect to the Gross-Up Payment (including any interest or penalties imposed with respect to such taxes), including, without limitation, any income taxes (and any interest and penalties imposed with respect thereto) and Excise Tax imposed upon the Gross-Up Payment, the Executive retains an amount of the Gross-Up Payment equal to the Excise Tax imposed upon the payments. (b) Subject to the provisions of Section 9(c), all determinations required to be made under this Section 9, including whether and when a Gross-Up Payment is required and the amount of such Gross-Up Payment and the assumptions to be utilized in arriving at such determination, shall be made by Coopers & Lybrand or such other nationally recognized accounting firm then auditing the accounts of the Company (the "Accounting Firm") which shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Executive within 15 business days of the receipt of notice from the Executive that there has been a Payment, or such earlier time as is requested by the Company. In the event that the Accounting Firm is serving as accountant or auditor for the individual, entity or group effecting the Change of Control, or is unwilling or unable to perform its obligations pursuant to this Section 9, the Executive shall appoint another nationally recognized accounting firm to make the determinations required hereunder (which accounting firm shall then be referred to as the Accounting Firm hereunder). All fees and expenses of the Accounting Firm shall be borne solely by the Company. Any Gross-Up Payment, determined pursuant to this Section 9, shall be paid by the Company to the Executive within five days of the receipt of the Accounting Firm's determination. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Executive. As a result of the potential uncertainty in the application of Section 4999 of the Code (or any successor provision) at the time of the initial determination by the Accounting Firm hereunder, it is possible that Gross-Up Payments which will not have been made by the Company should have been made ("Underpayment"), consistent with the calculations required to be made hereunder. In the event that the Company -10- exhausts its remedies pursuant to Section 9(c) and the Executive thereafter is required to make a payment of any Excise Tax, the Accounting Firm shall determine the amount of the Underpayment that has occurred and any such Underpayment shall be promptly paid by the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive. (c) The Executive shall notify the Company in writing of any claim by the Internal Revenue Service that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of the Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable but no later than 20 business days after the Executive is informed in writing of such claim and shall apprise the Company of the nature of such claim and the date on which such claim is requested to be paid. The Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the 30-day period following the date on which he gives such notice to the Company (or such shorter period ending on the date that any payment of taxes with respect to such claim is due). If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that it desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall: (i) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim, (ii) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney reasonably selected by the Company, (iii) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order effectively to contest such claim, and (iv) permit the Company to participate in any proceedings relating to such claim; provided, however, that the Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest and penalties with respect thereto) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. Without limiting the foregoing provisions of this Section 9(c), the Company shall control all proceedings taken in connection with such contest and, at its sole option, may pursue or forgo any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the taxing authority in respect of such claim and may, at its sole option, either direct the Executive to pay the tax claimed and sue for a refund or contest the claim in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate -11- courts, as the Company shall determine; provided, however, that if the Company directs the Executive to pay such claim and sue for a refund, the Company shall advance the amount of such payment to the Executive, on an interest-free basis, and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, from any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties with respect thereto) imposed with respect to such advance or with respect to any imputed income with respect to such advance; and further provided that any extension of the statute of limitations relating to payment of taxes for the taxable year of the Executive with respect to which such contested amount is claimed to be due is limited solely to such contested amount. Furthermore, the Company's control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which a Gross-Up Payment would be payable hereunder and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue raised by the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority. (d) If, after the receipt by the Executive of an amount advanced by the Company pursuant to Section 9(c), the Executive becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to such claim, the Executive shall (subject to the Company's complying with the requirements of Section 9(c)) promptly pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after the receipt by the Executive of an amount advanced by the Company pursuant to Section 9(c), a determination is made that the Executive shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify the Executive in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of 30 days after such determination, then such advance shall be forgiven and shall not be required to be repaid and the amount of such advance shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid. 10. Full Settlement. The Company's obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform its obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any circumstances, including, without limitation, any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other right which the Company may have against the Executive or others whether by reason of the subsequent employment of the Executive or otherwise. In no event shall the Executive be obligated to seek other employment by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to the Executive under any of the provisions of this Agreement, and no amount payable under this Agreement shall be reduced on account of any compensation received by the Executive from other employment. In the event that the Executive shall in good faith give a Notice of Termination for Good Reason and it shall thereafter be determined by mutual consent of the Executive and the Company or by a tribunal having jurisdiction over the matter that Good Reason did not exist, the employment of the Executive shall, unless the Company and the Executive shall otherwise -12- mutually agree, be deemed to have terminated, at the date of giving such purported Notice of Termination, by mutual consent of the Company and the Executive and, except as provided in the last preceding sentence, the Executive shall be entitled to receive only those payments and benefits which he would have been entitled to receive at such date otherwise than under this Agreement. 11. Disputes; Legal Fees and Expenses. (a) Any dispute or controversy arising under or in connection with this Agreement shall be settled exclusively and finally by expedited arbitration, conducted before a single arbitrator in New York, New York, in accordance with the rules governing employment disputes then in effect of the American Arbitration Association and the procedures set forth on Exhibit A hereto. The arbitrator shall be approved by both the Company and the Executive. Judgment may be entered on the arbitrator's award in any court having jurisdiction. (b) In the event that any claim by the Executive under this Agreement is disputed, the Company shall pay all reasonable legal fees and expenses incurred by the Executive in pursuing such claim, provided that the Executive is successful as to at least part of the disputed claim by reason of arbitration, settlement or otherwise. 12. Confidential Information. The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company all secret or confidential information, knowledge or data relating to the Company or any of its affiliated companies, and their respective businesses, (i) obtained by the Executive during his employment by the Company or any of its affiliated companies and (ii) not otherwise public knowledge (other than by reason of an unauthorized act by the Executive). After termination of the Executive's employment with the Company, the Executive shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company, unless compelled pursuant to an order of a court or other body having jurisdiction over such matter, communicate or divulge any such information, knowledge or data to anyone other than the Company and those designated by it. In no event shall an asserted violation of the provisions of this Section 12 constitute a basis for deferring or withholding any amounts otherwise payable to the Executive under this Agreement. 13. Employment Contract or Severance Benefits. Notwithstanding anything else in this Agreement to the contrary, any amount payment to the Executive hereunder on account of his termination of employment shall be reduced on a dollar for dollar basis by each dollar actually paid to the Executive with respect to such termination under the terms of any employment contract between the Executive and the Company or under any severance program or policy applicable to the Executive. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to require duplication of any compensation, benefits or other entitlements provided to the -13- Executive by the Company under the terms of any employment contract which may address similar matters. 14. Successors. (a) This Agreement is personal to the Executive and, without the prior written consent of the Company, shall not be assignable by the Executive otherwise than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Executive's legal representatives. (b) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and its successors. The Company shall require any successor to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company, whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation, acquisition of stock, or otherwise, by an agreement in form and substance satisfactory to the Executive, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place. 15. Miscellaneous. (a) Applicable Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, applied without reference to principles of conflict of laws. (b) Amendments. This Agreement may not be amended or modified otherwise than by a written agreement executed by the parties hereto or their respective successors and legal representatives. (c) Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by hand delivery to the other party or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed as follows: If to the Executive: at the address listed below (with a copy to ____________ ) If to the Company: _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ Attention: Secretary (with a copy to the attention of the General Counsel) or to such other address as either party shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith. Notices and communications shall be effective when actually received by the addressee. -14- (d) Tax Withholding. The Company may withhold from any amounts payable under this Agreement such Federal, State or local taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation. (e) Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement. (f) Captions. The captions of this Agreement are not part of the provisions hereof and shall have no force or effect. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Executive has hereunto set his hand and the Company has caused this Agreement to be executed in its name on its behalf, and its corporate seal to be hereunto affixed and attested by its Corporate Counsel, all as of the day and year first above written. LORAL CORPORATION By_______________________ Name: Title: EXECUTIVE: _________________________ Address: _________________________ _________________________ -15- EX-99.6 7 LORAL CORPORATION EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION PLAN EXHIBIT 99.6 LORAL CORPORATION EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION PLAN (EFFECTIVE JANUARY 7, 1996) LORAL CORPORATION EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION PLAN (Effective January 7, 1996) Loral Corporation (the "Company") believes that the best interests of the Company and its shareholders will be served if certain key employees of the Company are provided with certain rights upon a Change of Control (as hereinafter defined). Accordingly, the Company hereby establishes this "Loral Corporation Employment Protection Plan" (the "Plan") for the benefit of such key employees. SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS In addition to the terms defined in the preceding paragraph, the following definitions shall apply for purposes of the Plan. 1.1. "Annual Bonus" means the greater of the two most recent fiscal year bonuses (annualized, if awarded in respect of a partial year) awarded to an Eligible Employee prior to a Change of Control under the bonus program of any Loral Company applicable to such Executive. 1.2. "Annual Salary" means an Eligible Employee's annual rate of regular salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control. 1.3. "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company. 1.4. "Cause" means any of the following, other than due to an Eligible Employee's Permanent Disability or death: (a) an Eligible Employee's gross misconduct which is demonstrably willful and deliberate and which results in material damage to the Company's business or reputation; or (b) an Eligible Employee's repeated willful and deliberate neglect of, or refusal to perform, the duties required or associated with the Eligible Employee's employment. 1.5. "Change of Control" means the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) any person (as defined in Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time (the "Exchange Act"), and as used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) thereof)), excluding the Company, any majority owned subsidiary of the Company (a "Subsidiary") and any employee benefit plan sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Subsidiary (including any trustee of such plan acting as trustee), but including a "group" as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act (a "Person"), becomes the beneficial owner of -2- shares of the Company having at least 50% of the total number of votes that may be cast for the election of directors of the Company (the "Voting Shares") provided, however, that such an event shall not constitute a Change of Control if such acquisition has been approved by a majority of the Incumbent Directors (as defined in subsection 1.4 (iii)); (ii) the shareholders of the Company shall approve any merger or other business combination of the Company, sale of the Company's assets or combination of the foregoing transactions (a "Transaction") other than a Transaction involving only the Company and one or more of its Subsidiaries, a Transaction approved by a majority of the Incumbent Directors, or a Transaction immediately following which the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to the Transaction, excluding for this purpose any shareholder owning directly or indirectly more than 10% of the shares of the other company involved in the Transaction, continue to have a majority of the voting power in the resulting entity, or (iii) within any 24-month period beginning on or after January 7, 1996, the persons who were directors of the Company immediately before the beginning of such period (the "Incumbent Directors") shall cease (for any reason other than death) to constitute at least a majority of the Board or the board of directors of any successor to the Company, provided that any director who was not a director as of January 7, 1996 shall be deemed to be an Incumbent Director if such director was elected to the Board by, or on the recommendation of or with the approval of, at least two-thirds of the directors who then qualified as Incumbent Directors either actually or by prior operation of this subsection 1.4 (iii); provided, however, that no Change of Control shall be deemed to occur as a result of the successful consummation of the "Offer" (as defined in Section 1.1(a) of the Agreement and Plan of Merger Dated as of January 7, 1996 By and Among the Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation and LAC Acquisition Corporation), or upon the successful consummation of any transaction which is approved by the Incumbent Directors and as a result of which Lockheed Martin Corporation or any wholly owned subsidiary thereof acquires substantially all of the Company's voting securities or substantially all of the Company's defense businesses (the "Lockheed Martin Merger"). 1.6. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. 1.7. "Committee" means the Compensation Committee of the Board. 1.8. "Common Stock" means the common stock of the Company, $.25 par value per share. 1.9. "Company" means the Loral Corporation and any successor or successors thereto. -3- 1.10. "Eligible Employee" means each full-time employee of either the Company or another Loral Company whose name appears on Schedule A hereto. 1.11. "Eligible Termination" means an involuntary termination of employment without Cause, or a resignation for Good Reason, which occurs as of or within the three-year period following a Change of Control; provided, however, that the transfer of employment to another employer that is a member of the Loral Companies shall not in itself constitute an Eligible Termination (but any such transfer will not preclude another or accompanying event or reason from constituting or causing an Eligible Termination, and the protections of the Plan and corresponding obligations of the Company will remain in effect following any such transfer of employment). 1.12. "Good Reason" means any one or more of the following events, which occurs without an Eligible Employee's express prior written consent or approval, other than due to an Eligible Employee's Permanent Disability or death: (i) a good faith determination by the Eligible Employee that the Company or any of its officers has taken or failed to take any action (including, without limitation, (A) exclusion of the Eligible Employee from consideration of material matters within his area of responsibility, other than an insubstantial or inadvertent exclusion remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof from the Eligible Employee, (B) statements or actions which undermine the Eligible Employee's authority with respect to persons under his supervision or reduce his standing with his peers, other than an insubstantial or inadvertent statement or action which is remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of the notice thereof from the Eligible Employee, (C) a pattern of discrimination against or harassment of the Eligible Employee or persons under his supervision and (D) the subjection of the Eligible Employee to procedures not generally applicable to other similarly situated executives) which changes the Eligible Employee's position (including titles), authority or responsibilities under Section 4 of this Agreement or reduces the Eligible Employee's ability to carry out his duties and responsibilities under Section 4 of this Agreement; (ii) any reduction in an Eligible Employee's Annual Salary or any material reduction in his annual bonus opportunity or employee benefits from the level in effect immediately prior to the Change of Control, other than an insubstantial or inadvertent failure remedied by the Company promptly after receipt of notice thereof from the Eligible Employee; or (iii) the Company's requiring the Eligible Employee to be employed at any location more than 35 miles further -4- from his principal residence than the location at which the Eligible Employee was employed immediately preceding the Effective Date. 1.13. "Permanent Disability" means an Eligible Employee's inability, by reason of any physical or mental impairment, to substantially perform the significant aspects of his or her regular duties, which inability is reasonably contemplated to continue for at least one (1) year from its incurrence. 1.14. "Plan" means the Loral Corporation Employment Protection Plan, as set forth herein and as amended from time to time. 1.15. "Severance Period" means the period commencing on the date of an Eligible Employee's Eligible Termination and continuing for a period of twenty- four months. 1.16. "Loral Companies" means the Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates, and any successor or successors thereto. SECTION 2. EFFECT OF AN ELIGIBLE TERMINATION 2.1. If an Eligible Employee incurs an Eligible Termination, the Eligible Employee shall be entitled to all applicable benefits provided hereafter in this Section 2 or as otherwise set forth in this Plan. (a) Salary and Bonus: Within two (2) business days after the date of his or her Eligible Termination, the Company shall pay or cause to be paid to the Eligible Employee a single lump sum amount, in cash, equal to two times the sum of (1) the Eligible Employee's Annual Salary, (2) the Eligible Employee's Annual Bonus, and (3) an amount equal to the average annual compensation received by the Eligible Employee (determined as the sum of the amount includable as current income to the Eligible Employee for tax purposes plus any amount which would have been so includable but for a deferral election) under the Company's restricted stock plan over the three fiscal years prior to the Change of Control. (b) Continued Welfare Benefits: Until the earlier of the end of an Eligible Employee's Severance Period or the date on which such Eligible Employee becomes employed by a new employer, the Company shall, at its expense, provide such Eligible Employee with medical, dental, life insurance, disability and accidental death and dismemberment benefits at the highest level provided to -5- such Eligible Employee during the period beginning immediately prior to the Change of Control and ending on the date of such Eligible Employee's Eligible Termination; provided, however, that if the Eligible Employee becomes employed by a new employer which maintains a major medical plan (or its equivalent) that either (i) does not cover the Eligible Employee with respect to a pre-existing condition which was covered under the Company's major medical plan, or (ii) does not cover the Eligible Employee for a designated waiting period, the Eligible Employee's coverage under the Company's major medical plan shall continue (but shall be limited in the event of noncoverage due to a preexisting condition, to the preexisting condition itself) until the earlier of the end of the applicable period of noncoverage under the new employer's plan or the end of the Severance Period. Following such Severance Period or the date of new employment, if earlier, the regular rights of an Eligible Employee to continuation of benefits under COBRA coverage, if any, shall apply. (c) Payment of Accrued But Unpaid Amounts: Within two (2) business days after the date of his or her Eligible Termination, the Company shall pay the Eligible Employee (i) any unpaid portion of the Eligible Employee's bonus accrued with respect to the full calendar year ended prior to the date of the Eligible Termination, and (ii) all compensation earned or previously deferred by such Eligible Employee but not yet paid (including cash compensation for vacation days accrued but not taken as of the date of the Eligible Termination, based on the Annual Salary amount converted to a per diem equivalent in accordance with the Company's normal payroll practices as in effect prior to the Change of Control). (d) Payment for Other Reduced Severance Benefits. The amounts payable to an Eligible Employee under this Section 2 are supplemental to any other severance benefits to which the Eligible Employee is entitled under any severance plan or Plan of the Loral Companies in effect as of the Change of Control (collectively, "Other Severance Benefits"). In the event that an Eligible Employee's Other Severance Benefits are reduced or eliminated after the Change of Control, the amount otherwise payable to an Eligible Employee hereunder upon an Eligible Termination shall be increased by the amount of such reduction or elimination. 2.2. Maximum Benefits: Anything in Section 2.1 to the contrary notwithstanding, payments under Section 2.1 shall not exceed the maximum amount which can be paid to an Eligible Employee without causing such payments to be treated as "excess parachute payments" for purposes of Section 280G of the Code taking into account all payments made to the Eligible Employee which constitute "parachute payments" for purposes of Section 280G. 2.3 Mitigation: An Eligible Employee shall not be required to mitigate damages or the amount of any payment provided for -6- under this Plan by seeking other employment or otherwise, and compensation earned from such employment or otherwise shall not reduce the amounts otherwise payable under this Plan. No amounts payable under this Plan shall be subject to reduction or offset in respect of any claims which the Company or any member of the Loral Companies (or any other person or entity) may have against the Eligible Employee. 2.4. Withholding: The Company may, to the extent required by law, withhold applicable federal and state income, employment and other taxes from any payments due to any Eligible Employee hereunder. SECTION 3. LIMITS ON AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION; EFFECT ON OTHER PLANS 3.1. This Plan shall terminate automatically and without further action by the Board upon the successful consummation of the Lockheed Martin Merger. 3.2. The Board may amend or terminate this Plan at any time; provided, however, that upon occurrence of a Change of Control, this Plan (expressly including, but not limited to, this Section 3) shall remain in effect, and may not be altered or amended in any way which would adversely affect the rights of any Eligible Employee hereunder, for at least three (3) years following the Change of Control, and for such additional time as may be necessary to give effect to the terms of the Plan as in effect at the Change of Control. Thereafter, the Board may amend or terminate this Plan in any manner which does not adversely affect the rights of any Eligible Employee who has incurred an Eligible Termination. 3.3. An Eligible Employee shall, after the date of his or her Eligible Termination, retain all rights (to the extent any such rights existed at any time prior to the Change of Control) to indemnification under applicable law or under the applicable Loral Companies' Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws, as they may be amended or restated from time to time. In addition, to the extent coverage had been otherwise available to the Eligible Employee prior to the Change of Control, the Company shall maintain Director's and Officer's liability insurance on behalf of the Eligible Employee, at the level in effect immediately prior to the date of his or her Eligible Termination. SECTION 4. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN 4.1. The Committee shall be the Administrator of this Plan and shall have the exclusive right, power and authority to: (a) interpret, in its sole discretion, any and all of the provisions of the Plan; -7- (b) establish a claims review procedure, if necessary and advisable; and (c) consider and decide conclusively any questions (whether of fact or otherwise) arising in connection with the administration of the Plan or any claim for a benefit arising under the Plan. Any decision or action of the Committee pursuant to this Section 4.1 shall be conclusive and binding. 4.2. The Company shall pay all costs and expenses, including attorneys' fees and disbursements, at least monthly, of any Eligible Employee in connection with any legal proceeding (including arbitration), whether or not instituted by a member of the Loral Companies or an Eligible Employee, relating to the interpretation or enforcement of any provision of this Plan, except that if such Eligible Employee instituted the proceeding and the judge, arbitrator or other individual presiding over the proceeding affirmatively finds that the Eligible Employee instituted the proceeding in bad faith, the Eligible Employee shall pay all costs and expenses, including attorney's fees and disbursements, of such Eligible Employee. SECTION 5. MISCELLANEOUS 5.1. Neither the establishment of the Plan nor any action of the Company, any other member of the Loral Companies, the Committee, or any fiduciary shall be held or construed to confer upon any person any legal right to continued employment with the Company or with any member of the Loral Companies. Nothing in the Plan shall be construed to prevent the Company or any member of the Loral Companies from terminating an Eligible Employee's employment for Cause. If an Eligible Employee is terminated for Cause, the Company shall have no obligation to make any payments under this Plan, except for payments that may otherwise be payable under then existing Employee benefit plans, Plans and arrangements of the Company or of any other member of the Loral Companies. 5.2. Benefits payable under the Plan shall be paid out of the general assets of the Company. The Company is not required to fund the benefits payable under this Plan; provided, however, nothing in this Section 5.2 shall be interpreted as precluding the Company from funding or setting aside amounts in anticipation of paying any such benefits. 5.3. Benefits payable under the Plan shall not be subject to assignment, alienation, transfer, pledge, encumbrance, commutation or anticipation by any Eligible Employee. Any attempt to assign, alienate, transfer, pledge, encumber, commute or anticipate Plan benefits shall be void. In addition, no rights or interest under the Plan shall be in any manner subject -8- to levy, attachment or other legal process to enforce payment of any claim against any Eligible Employee except to the extent required by law. 5.4. Except as otherwise provided herein, this Plan shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Company and the Eligible Employees and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns. If the Company shall be merged into or consolidated with another entity, the provisions of this Plan shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the entity surviving such merger or resulting from such consolidation, and such provisions shall also be binding upon and inure to the benefit of any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company, and such successor shall assume and perform the obligations, responsibilities and liabilities to which the Company or any member of the Loral Companies is subject under this Plan in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company or any member of the Loral Companies would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place. The provisions of this Section 5.4 shall continue to apply to each subsequent employer of any Eligible Employee in the event of any subsequent merger, consolidation or transfer of assets of any such subsequent employer. 5.5. This Plan shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York (without reference to rules relating to conflicts of laws), except to the extent superseded by applicable federal law. 5.6. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Company under this Plan shall be taken by the Board or by the Committee, or any designee of the Committee pursuant to Section 4, in each case subject to the limits on amendment and termination contained in Section 3 hereof. 5.7. Entitlement to any benefits under this Plan is expressly subject to and conditioned upon the Eligible Employee agreeing to and signing (i) a customary exit letter that may contain confidentiality, future cooperation and other provisions, if requested, and (ii) the Company's standard form general release of employment and other claims that the Eligible Employee may have. -9- EX-99.7 8 AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER DTD 1/7/96 Exhibit 99.7 CONFORMED COPY AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER DATED AS OF JANUARY 7, 1996 BY AND AMONG LORAL CORPORATION, LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION AND LAC ACQUISITION CORPORATION ARTICLE I THE OFFER Section 1.1. The Offer................................................. 2 Section 1.2. Company Actions........................................... 3 Section 1.3. Stockholder Lists......................................... 3 Section 1.4. Composition of the Board of Directors; Section 14(f)...... 3 ARTICLE II THE MERGER Section 2.1. The Merger................................................ 3 Section 2.2. Effective Time............................................ 4 Section 2.3. Effects of the Merger..................................... 4 Section 2.4. Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws.................. 4 Section 2.5. Directors................................................. 4 Section 2.6. Officers.................................................. 4 Section 2.7. Conversion of Shares...................................... 4 Section 2.8. Reserved.................................................. 4 Section 2.9. Conversion of Purchaser's Common Stock.................... 4 Section 2.10. Stock Options and Stock Awards........................... 4 Section 2.11. Stockholders' Meeting..................................... 5 Section 2.12. Filing of Certificate of Merger........................... 6 ARTICLE III DISSENTING SHARES; EXCHANGE OF SHARES Section 3.1. Dissenting Shares......................................... 6 Section 3.2. Exchange of Shares........................................ 6 ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY Section 4.1. Organization.............................................. 7 Section 4.2. Capitalization............................................ 7 Section 4.3. Authority Relative to this Agreement...................... 8 Section 4.4. Consents and Approvals; No Violations..................... 8 Section 4.5. Absence of Certain Changes................................ 9 Section 4.6. No Undisclosed Liabilities................................ 9 Section 4.7. Reports................................................... 9 Schedule 14D-9; Offer Documents; Form 10; Information Section 4.8. Statement................................................. 10 Section 4.9. No Default................................................ 10 Section 4.10. Litigation; Compliance with Law........................... 11 Section 4.11. Employee Benefit Plans; ERISA............................. 11
i Section 4.12. Assets; Intellectual Property............................... 12 Section 4.13. Reserved.................................................... 12 Section 4.14. Reserved.................................................... 12 Section 4.15. Certain Contracts and Arrangements.......................... 12 Section 4.16. Taxes....................................................... 12 Section 4.17. Retained Business FCC Licenses.............................. 14 Section 4.18. Labor Matter................................................ 14 Section 4.19. Rights Agreement............................................ 14 Section 4.20. Certain Fees................................................ 14 Section 4.21. No Additional Approvals Necessary........................... 14 Section 4.22. Materiality................................................. 14 ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND PURCHASER Section 5.1. Organization................................................ 14 Section 5.2. Authority Relative to this Agreement........................ 15 Section 5.3. Consents and Approvals; No Violations....................... 15 Section 5.4. Information Statement; Schedule 14D-9....................... 15 Section 5.5. Sufficient Funds............................................ 16 Section 5.6. Brokers..................................................... 16 ARTICLE VI COVENANTS Section 6.1. Conduct of Business of the Company.......................... 16 Section 6.2. Acquisition Proposals....................................... 18 Section 6.3. Access to Information....................................... 19 Section 6.4. Reasonable Efforts.......................................... 19 Section 6.5. Consents.................................................... 20 Section 6.6. Antitrust Filings........................................... 20 Section 6.7. Public Announcements........................................ 21 Section 6.8. Employee Agreements......................................... 21 Section 6.9. Employee Benefits........................................... 23 Section 6.10. Ancillary Agreements; Spin-Off.............................. 23 Section 6.11. Retained Business Financial Statements...................... 24 Section 6.12. Redemption of Rights........................................ 24 Section 6.13. Pre-Closing Consultation.................................... 24 Section 6.14. Indemnification............................................. 24 Section 6.15 Board of Directors of Parent................................ 25 Section 6.16 Standstill Provisions....................................... 25 Section 6.17 Effectiveness of Rights Agreement........................... 25
ii ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS TO CONSUMMATION OF THE MERGER Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect the Section 7.1. Merger.................................................... 26 Conditions to the Obligation of the Company to Effect the Section 7.2. Merger.................................................... 26 Conditions to Obligations of Parent and Purchaser to Section 7.3. Effect the Merger......................................... 26 Section 7.4. Exception................................................. 27 ARTICLE VIII TERMINATION; AMENDMENT; WAIVER Section 8.1. Termination............................................... 27 Section 8.2 Effect of Termination..................................... 28 Section 8.3 Fees and Expenses......................................... 28 Section 8.4. Amendment................................................. 29 Section 8.5. Extension; Waiver......................................... 30 ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS Section 9.1. Survival.................................................. 30 Section 9.2. Entire Agreement.......................................... 30 Section 9.3. Governing Law............................................. 30 Section 9.4. Notices................................................... 30 Section 9.5. Successors and Assigns; No Third Party Beneficiaries...... 31 Section 9.6. Counterparts.............................................. 31 Section 9.7. Interpretation............................................ 31 Section 9.8. Schedules................................................. 32 Section 9.9. Legal Enforceability...................................... 32 Section 9.10. Specific Performance...................................... 32 Section 9.11. Brokerage Fees and Commissions............................ 32
iii EXHIBITS Exhibit A................................................. Tax Sharing Agreement Exhibit B................................................... Conditions to Offer Exhibit C............................... Form of Employment Protection Agreement Exhibit D............................................ Employment Protection Plan Exhibit E........................................ Supplemental Severance Program iv TABLE OF DEFINED TERMS
TERM SECTION NO. - ---- ----------------- 1987 Plan..................................................... 2.10(b) Active Negotiations........................................... 8.3(e) Acquisition Proposal.......................................... 6.2(b) Ancillary Agreements.......................................... Recitals Antitrust Law................................................. 6.6(e) Asset................................................. Distribution Agreement Audit......................................................... 4.16(j)(1) Business Day.......................................... Distribution Agreement Certificates.................................................. 3.2(b) Code.......................................................... 4.11(a) Commission.................................................... 4.4 Company....................................................... Recitals Company Bonus Employee........................................ 6.8(c) Company Representative........................................ 6.13 Company SEC Documents......................................... 4.7(a) Confidentiality Agreement..................................... 6.2(a) Continuing Director........................................... 8.4 Contracting Subsidiary........................................ 4.3 Credit Agreement.............................................. 4.9 Defense Financial Statements.................................. 4.7(c) Designated Directors.......................................... 8.4 Disclosure Schedule........................................... 4.2(a) Dissenting Shares............................................. 3.1 Distribution Agreement........................................ Recitals Distribution Date..................................... Distribution Agreement EC Merger Regulations......................................... 4.4 Effective Time................................................ 2.2 Employment Agreements......................................... 6.8(a) Employment Protection Arrangement............................. 6.8(e) ERISA......................................................... 4.11(a) ERISA Affiliate............................................... 4.11(a) Exchange Act.................................................. 4.4 Exchange Agent................................................ 3.2(a) Form 10-K..................................................... 4.5 Higher Offer.................................................. 8.3(b) HSR Act....................................................... 4.4 IB............................................................ 8.3(b)(v) Important Licenses............................................ 4.17 Information Statement......................................... 2.11(b) Intellectual Property......................................... 4.12(b) IRS........................................................... 4.11(a) LAH........................................................... Recitals Law................................................... Distribution Agreement Liabilities........................................... Distribution Agreement Lien.................................................. Distribution Agreement Material Adverse Effect....................................... 4.1, 5.1 Merger........................................................ 2.1 Merger Price.................................................. 2.7(a) NYBCL......................................................... 1.2
v
TERM SECTION NO. - ---- --------------------- Offer..................................................... 1.1(a) Offer Documents........................................... 1.1(d) Order..................................................... 6.6(b) Ordinary Course Obligations............................... 6.1 Parent.................................................... Recitals Parent Representative..................................... 6.13 PBGC...................................................... 4.11(b) Person........................................ Distribution Agreement, 8.3(b) Plans..................................................... 4.11(a) Preferred Stock........................................... 4.2(a) Public Indenture Merger Opinions.......................... 7.3(b) Public Indentures......................................... 4.9 Purchaser................................................. Recitals Recent SEC Documents...................................... 4.10(b) Record Date................................... Distribution Agreement Retained Business......................................... 4.1 Retained Business Financial Statements.................... 6.11 Retained Employees............................ Distribution Agreement Retained Subsidiaries..................................... 4.1 Rights Agreement.......................................... 4.19 Rights Amendment.......................................... 4.19 Schedule 14D-9............................................ 1.2 SEC....................................................... 1.1(d) Securities Act............................................ 4.4 Severance Agreements...................................... 6.8(a) Shares.................................................... 1.1(a) Significant Adverse Effect................................ 6.6(b) Spin-Off.................................................. Recitals Spinco.................................................... Recitals Spinco Bonus Employee..................................... 6.8(c) Spinco Business............................... Distribution Agreement Spinco Common Stock........................... Distribution Agreement Spinco Companies.............................. Distribution Agreement Standstill Provisions..................................... 6.2(a) Stock Options............................................. 2.10(a) Stockholders' Meeting..................................... 2.11(a) Subsidiaries.................................. Distribution Agreement Supplemental Severance Plan............................... 6.9(a) Surviving Corporation..................................... 2.1 Taxes..................................................... 4.16(j)(2) Tax Returns............................................... 4.16(j)(3) Tax Sharing Agreement..................................... Recitals Third Party............................................... 8.3(b) Third Party Acquisition................................... 8.3(b) Transaction Bonus......................................... 6.8(d) Transaction Bonus Employee................................ 6.8(d) Vesting Date.............................................. 2.10(a)
vi AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of January 7, 1996, is among LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION, a Maryland corporation ("PARENT"), LAC ACQUISITION CORPORATION, a New York corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("PURCHASER"), and LORAL CORPORATION, a New York corporation (the "COMPANY"). RECITALS WHEREAS, the Boards of Directors of the Company, Parent and Purchaser deem it advisable and in the best interests of their respective stockholders that Parent acquire the Company (other than certain businesses thereof) pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement; WHEREAS, as provided in the Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement dated as of the date hereof herewith among Parent, the Company, Loral Telecommunications Acquisition, Inc. (to be renamed Spinco & Communications Corporation), a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (including any successor in interest, "SPINCO"), Loral Aerospace Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("LAH"), and Loral Aerospace Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of LAH (the "DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT"), prior to the expiration of the Offer (as defined in Section 1.1 hereof) the Company will cause Spinco to be restructured so that as a result thereof the Company's direct and indirect interests in Space Systems/Loral, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Globalstar L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, K&F Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation, all rights to receive management and certain (but not all) guarantee fees therefrom, several commercial satellite and telecommunications projects in progress (including related FCC (as defined in Section 6.5 hereof) applications), a certain portion of the Company's leased corporate headquarters office space, the Company's corporate aircraft, certain rights and liabilities with respect to certain litigation in which the Company has an interest, the nonexclusive right to use certain intellectual property of the Company, the exclusive right, subject to a limited license granted to the Company, to the "Loral" name and such other rights and assets as shall be deemed Spinco Assets (as defined in the Distribution Agreement), will be owned directly or indirectly by Spinco and substantially all of the Company's other assets, liabilities and businesses will be owned directly by the Company or by Subsidiaries (as defined in the Distribution Agreement) of the Company other than Spinco and Subsidiaries of Spinco; and WHEREAS, as provided in the Distribution Agreement, the Company will make a distribution to the Company's stockholders and to holders of Stock Options (as defined in Section 2.10 hereof) as of the Record Date (as defined in the Distribution Agreement), on a pro rata basis, of 100% of the shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of Spinco issued and outstanding immediately prior to such distribution (the "SPIN-OFF"); and WHEREAS, as set forth in Section 6.10 hereof, as a condition to and in consideration of the transactions contemplated hereby, following the date hereof (a) the Company, Spinco and certain other parties will enter into a Tax Sharing Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A with such changes as shall have been approved prior to the consummation of the Offer by the Company and Parent (or, following the consummation of the Offer, by a majority of the Continuing Directors (as defined in Section 8.4 hereof), if any, and Parent) (the "TAX SHARING AGREEMENT" and, together with the Distribution Agreement, hereafter are collectively referred to as the "ANCILLARY AGREEMENTS"); NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Purchaser and the Company hereby agree as follows: 1 ARTICLE I THE OFFER SECTION 1.1. THE OFFER. (a) Subject to this Agreement not having been terminated in accordance with the provisions of Section 8.1 hereof, Purchaser shall, and Parent shall cause Purchaser to, as promptly as practicable, but in no event later than five Business Days (as defined in the Distribution Agreement) from the date of the public announcement of the terms of this Agreement, commence an offer to purchase for cash (as it may be amended in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the "OFFER") all of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock, par value $.25 per share, together with all preferred stock purchase rights associated therewith (the "SHARES"), subject to the conditions set forth in Exhibit B attached hereto, at a price of not less than $38.00 per Share, net to the seller in cash. Subject only to the conditions set forth in Exhibit B hereto and the express provisions of the Distribution Agreement, the Purchaser shall, and Parent shall cause Purchaser to, (i) accept for payment and pay for all Shares tendered pursuant to the terms of the Offer as promptly as practicable following the expiration date of the Offer, and (ii) extend the period of time the Offer is open until the first Business Day following the date on which the conditions set forth in clause (i)(A) and clause (i)(B) of Exhibit B hereto are satisfied or waived in accordance with the provisions thereof; provided, that the Purchaser shall be permitted, but shall not be obligated, to extend the period of time the Offer is open beyond June 30, 1996. Subject to the preceding sentence of this Section 1.1, neither Purchaser nor Parent will extend the expiration date of the Offer beyond the twentieth Business Day following commencement thereof unless one or more of the conditions set forth in Exhibit B hereto shall not be satisfied or unless Parent reasonably determines that such extension is necessary to comply with any legal or regulatory requirements relating to the Offer or the Spin-Off. Purchaser expressly reserves the right to amend the terms or conditions of the Offer; provided, that without the consent of the Company, no amendment may be made which (i) decreases the price per Share or changes the form of consideration payable in the Offer, (ii) decreases the number of Shares sought, or (iii) imposes additional conditions to the Offer or amends any other term of the Offer in any manner materially adverse to the holders of Shares. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer, the Purchaser will accept for payment and purchase, as soon as permitted under the terms of the Offer, all Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn prior to the expiration of the Offer. (b) Parent will not, nor will it permit any of its affiliates to, tender into the Offer any Shares beneficially owned by it; provided, that Shares held beneficially or of record by any plan, program or arrangement sponsored or maintained for the benefit of employees of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries shall not be deemed to be held by Parent or an affiliate thereof regardless of whether Parent has, directly or indirectly, the power to vote or control the disposition of such Shares. The Company will not, nor will it permit any of its Subsidiaries (other than Retained Subsidiaries (as defined in Section 4.1 hereof)) to, tender into the Offer any Shares beneficially owned by it; provided, that Shares held beneficially or of record by any plan, program or arrangement sponsored or maintained for the benefit of employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall not be deemed to be held by the Company regardless of whether the Company has, directly or indirectly, the power to vote or control the disposition of such Shares. (c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, Parent and Purchaser shall not be required to commence the Offer in any foreign country where the commencement of the Offer, in Parent's reasonable opinion, would violate the applicable Law (as defined in the Distribution Agreement) of such jurisdiction. (d) On the date of the commencement of the Offer, Purchaser shall file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") a Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 with respect to the Offer which will contain an offer to purchase and form of the related letter of transmittal (together with any supplements or amendments thereto, the "OFFER DOCUMENTS"). The Company and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on the Offer Documents prior to the filing of such Offer Documents with the SEC. Purchaser agrees to provide the Company and its counsel in writing with any comments Purchaser and its counsel may receive from the SEC or its staff with respect to the Offer Documents promptly after the receipt thereof. 2 SECTION 1.2. COMPANY ACTIONS. The Company hereby consents to the Offer and represents that its Board of Directors (at a meeting duly called and held) has unanimously (a) determined as of the date hereof that the Offer, the Merger (as defined in Section 2.1 hereof) and the Spin-Off are fair to the stockholders of the Company and are in the best interests of the stockholders of the Company and (b) resolved to recommend acceptance of the Offer and approval and adoption of this Agreement and the Merger by the stockholders of the Company which approval constitutes approval of each of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement for purposes of Sections 902 and 912 of the New York Business Corporation Law ("NYBCL"). The Company further represents that Lazard Freres & Co. LLC has delivered to the Board of Directors of the Company its opinion that the consideration to be received by the holders of Shares in the Offer, the Merger and the Spin-Off is fair to the holders of the Company's common stock from a financial point of view. The Company hereby agrees to file a Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 (the "SCHEDULE 14D- 9") containing such recommendation with the SEC (and the information required by Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act if Parent shall have furnished such information to the Company in a timely manner) and to mail such Schedule 14D-9 to the stockholders of the Company; provided, that subject to the provisions of Section 6.2(a) hereof, such recommendation may be withdrawn, modified or amended. Such Schedule 14D-9 shall be, if so requested by Purchaser, filed on the same date as Purchaser's Schedule 14D-1 is filed and mailed together with the Offer Documents; provided, that in any event the Schedule 14D-9 shall be filed and mailed no later than 10 Business Days following the commencement of the Offer. Purchaser and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on such Schedule 14D-9 prior to the Company's filing of the Schedule 14D-9 with the SEC. The Company agrees to provide Parent and its counsel in writing with any comments the Company or its counsel may receive from the SEC or its staff with respect to such Schedule 14D-9 promptly after the receipt thereof. SECTION 1.3. STOCKHOLDER LISTS. In connection with the Offer, at the request of Parent or Purchaser, from time to time after the date hereof, the Company will promptly furnish Purchaser with mailing labels, security position listings and any available listing or computer file containing the names and addresses of the record holders of the Shares as of a recent date and shall furnish Purchaser with such information and assistance as Purchaser or its agents may reasonably request in communicating the Offer to the record and beneficial holders of Shares. SECTION 1.4. COMPOSITION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS; SECTION 14(F). In the event that Purchaser acquires at least a majority of the Shares outstanding pursuant to the Offer, Parent shall be entitled to designate for appointment or election to the Company's Board of Directors, upon written notice to the Company, such number of persons so that the designees of Parent constitute the same percentage (but in no event less than a majority) of the Company's Board of Directors (rounded up to the next whole number) as the percentage of Shares acquired in connection with the Offer. Prior to consummation of the Offer, the Board of Directors of the Company will obtain the resignation of such number of directors as is necessary to enable such number of Parent designees to be so elected. In connection therewith, the Company will mail to the stockholders of the Company the information required by Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14f-1 thereunder unless such information has previously been provided to such stockholders in the Schedule 14D-9. Parent and Purchaser will provide to the Company in writing, and be solely responsible for, any information with respect to such companies and their nominees, officers, directors and affiliates required by such Section and Rule. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 1.4, the parties hereto shall use their respective best efforts to ensure that at least three of the members of the Company's Board of Directors shall, at all times prior to the Effective Time (as defined in Section 2.2 hereof) be, Continuing Directors (as defined in Section 8.4 hereof). ARTICLE II THE MERGER SECTION 2.1. THE MERGER. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereof, and in accordance with the NYBCL, Purchaser shall be merged (the "MERGER") with and into the Company as soon as practicable following the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VII hereof or on such other date as the parties 3 hereto may agree (such agreement to require the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors if at the time there shall be any Continuing Directors). Following the Merger the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation (the "SURVIVING CORPORATION") and the separate corporate existence of Purchaser shall cease. SECTION 2.2. EFFECTIVE TIME. The Merger shall be consummated by filing with the New York Secretary of State a certificate of merger or, if applicable, a certificate of ownership and merger, executed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the NYBCL (the time the Merger becomes effective being the "EFFECTIVE TIME"). SECTION 2.3. EFFECTS OF THE MERGER. The Merger shall have the effects set forth in the NYBCL. As of the Effective Time the Company shall be a wholly- owned subsidiary of Parent. SECTION 2.4. CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS. The Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Company as in effect at the Effective Time, shall be the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with applicable Law; provided, that promptly following the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation shall be amended to change the name of the Surviving Corporation so that the word "Loral" shall be deleted therefrom. SECTION 2.5. DIRECTORS. The directors of Purchaser at the Effective Time shall be the initial directors of the Surviving Corporation and will hold office from the Effective Time until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualify in the manner provided in the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Surviving Corporation, or as otherwise provided by Law. SECTION 2.6. OFFICERS. The officers of Purchaser at the Effective Time shall be the initial officers of the Surviving Corporation and will hold office from the Effective Time until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualify in the manner provided in the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Surviving Corporation, or as otherwise provided by Law. SECTION 2.7. CONVERSION OF SHARES. At the Effective Time: (a) Each Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than Shares held in the treasury of the Company or held by any Subsidiary of the Company (other than a Retained Subsidiary), and other than Dissenting Shares (as defined in Section 3.1 hereof)) shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be converted into the right to receive $38.00 in cash, or any higher price paid per Share in the Offer (the "MERGER PRICE"), payable to the holder thereof, without interest thereon, upon the surrender of the certificate formerly representing such Share (except as provided in Section 2.10(c) hereof). (b) Each Share held in the treasury of the Company or held by any Subsidiary of the Company (other than a Retained Subsidiary) and each Share held by Parent or any Subsidiary of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be cancelled and retired and cease to exist; provided, that Shares held beneficially or of record by any plan, program or arrangement sponsored or maintained for the benefit of employees of Parent or the Company or any Subsidiaries thereof shall not be deemed to be held by Parent or the Company regardless of whether Parent or the Company has, directly or indirectly, the power to vote or control the disposition of such Shares. SECTION 2.8. RESERVED. SECTION 2.9. CONVERSION OF PURCHASER'S COMMON STOCK. Each share of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of Purchaser issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be converted into and exchangeable for one share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation. SECTION 2.10. STOCK OPTIONS AND STOCK AWARDS. (a) The Company shall take all actions (including, but not limited to, obtaining any and all consents from employees to the matters contemplated by this Section 2.10) necessary to provide that all outstanding options and other rights to acquire Shares ("STOCK OPTIONS") granted under any stock option plan, program or similar 4 arrangement of the Company or any Subsidiaries, each as amended (the "OPTION PLANS"), shall become fully exercisable and vested on the date (the "VESTING DATE") which shall be set by the Company and which, in any event, shall be not less than 30 days prior to the consummation of the Offer, whether or not otherwise exercisable and vested. All Stock Options which are outstanding immediately prior to Purchaser's acceptance for payment and payment for Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer shall be cancelled as of the consummation of the Offer and the holders thereof (other than holders who are subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act) shall be entitled to receive from the Company, for each Share subject to such Stock Option, (1) an amount in cash equal to the difference between the Merger Price and the exercise price per share of such Stock Option, which amount shall be payable upon consummation of the Offer, plus (2) one share of Loral Space Common Stock (as defined in the Distribution Agreement), which shall be held by an escrow agent pending delivery on the Distribution Date. All applicable withholding taxes attributable to the payments made hereunder or to distributions contemplated hereby shall be deducted from the amounts payable under clause (1) above and all such taxes attributable to the exercise of Stock Options on or after the Vesting Date shall be withheld from the proceeds received in the Offer or the Merger, as the case may be, in respect of the Shares issuable on such exercise. (b) The Company shall take all actions (including, but not limited to, obtaining any and all consents from employees to the matters contemplated by this Section 2.10) necessary to provide that all restrictions on transferability with respect to each Share which is granted pursuant to the Company's 1987 Restricted Stock Purchase Plan (the "1987 PLAN") and which is outstanding and not vested on the Vesting Date shall lapse, and each such Share shall become free of restrictions as of the Vesting Date. All applicable withholding taxes attributable to the vesting of restricted Shares shall be withheld from the proceeds received in respect of such Shares in the Offer or the Merger, as the case may be. (c) Except as provided herein or as otherwise agreed to by the parties and to the extent permitted by the Option Plans and the 1987 Plan, (i) the Option Plans and the 1987 Plan shall terminate as of the Effective Time and the provisions in any other plan, program or arrangement, providing for the issuance or grant by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any interest in respect of the capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall be deleted as of the Effective Time and (ii) the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to ensure that following the Effective Time no holder of Stock Options or any participant in the Option Plans or any other such plans, programs or arrangements shall have any right thereunder to acquire any equity securities of the Company, the Surviving Corporation or any Subsidiary thereof. SECTION 2.11. STOCKHOLDERS' MEETING. If required by applicable Law in order to consummate the Merger, the Company, acting through its Board of Directors, shall, in accordance with applicable Law, its Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws and the rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange: (a) duly call, give notice of, convene and hold a special meeting of its stockholders as soon as practicable following the consummation of the Offer for the purpose of considering and taking action upon this Agreement (the "STOCKHOLDERS' MEETING"); (b) subject to its fiduciary duties under applicable Laws as advised by counsel, include in the Information Statement prepared by the Company for distribution to stockholders of the Company in advance of the Stockholders' Meeting in accordance with Regulation 14C promulgated under the Exchange Act (the "INFORMATION STATEMENT") the recommendation of its Board of Directors referred to in Section 1.2 hereof; and (c) use its best efforts to (i) obtain and furnish the information required to be included by it in the Information Statement, and, after consultation with Parent, respond promptly to any comments made by the SEC with respect to the Information Statement and any preliminary version thereof and cause the Information Statement to be mailed to its stockholders following the consummation of the Offer and (ii) obtain the necessary approvals of this Agreement by its stockholders. Parent will provide the Company with the information concerning Parent and Purchaser required to be included in the Information Statement and will vote, or cause to be voted, all Shares owned by it or its Subsidiaries in favor of approval and adoption of this Agreement. 5 SECTION 2.12. FILING OF CERTIFICATE OF MERGER. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereof, as soon as practicable following the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VII hereof, the Company shall execute and file a certificate of merger or, if applicable, a certificate of ownership and merger, in the manner required by the NYBCL and the parties hereto shall take all such other and further actions as may be required by Law to make the Merger effective. Prior to the filings referred to in this Section 2.12, a closing will be held at the offices of O'Melveny & Myers, 153 East 53rd Street, New York, New York (or such other place as the parties may agree), for the purpose of confirming all of the foregoing. ARTICLE III DISSENTING SHARES; EXCHANGE OF SHARES SECTION 3.1. DISSENTING SHARES. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Shares which are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and which are held by stockholders who have not voted such Shares in favor of the Merger and shall have delivered a written demand for appraisal of such Shares in the manner provided in the NYBCL (the "DISSENTING SHARES") shall not be converted into or be exchangeable for the right to receive the consideration provided in Section 2.7 of this Agreement, unless and until such holder shall have failed to perfect or shall have effectively withdrawn or lost such holder's right to appraisal and payment under the NYBCL. If such holder shall have so failed to perfect or shall have effectively withdrawn or lost such right, such holder's Shares shall thereupon be deemed to have been converted into and to have become exchangeable for, at the Effective Time, the right to receive the consideration provided for in Section 2.7(a) of this Agreement, without any interest thereon. SECTION 3.2. EXCHANGE OF SHARES. (a) Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall designate a bank or trust company to act as exchange agent in the Merger (the "EXCHANGE AGENT"). Immediately prior to the Effective Time, Parent will take all steps necessary to enable and cause the Company to deposit with the Exchange Agent the funds necessary to make the payments contemplated by Section 2.7 on a timely basis. (b) Promptly after the Effective Time, the Exchange Agent shall mail to each record holder, as of the Effective Time, of an outstanding certificate or certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented Shares (the "CERTIFICATES") a form letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Certificates to the Exchange Agent) and instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates for payment therefor. Upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of a Certificate, together with such letter of transmittal duly executed, and any other required documents, the holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor the consideration set forth in Section 2.7(a) hereof, and such Certificate shall forthwith be cancelled. No interest will be paid or accrued on the cash payable upon the surrender of the Certificates. If payment is to be made to a person other than the person in whose name the Certificate surrendered is registered, it shall be a condition of payment that the Certificate so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or otherwise in proper form for transfer and that the person requesting such payment shall pay any transfer or other taxes required by reason of the payment to a person other than the registered holder of the Certificate surrendered or establish to the satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that such tax has been paid or is not applicable. Until surrendered in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3.2, each Certificate (other than Certificates representing Shares held by Parent or any subsidiary of Parent, Shares held in the treasury of the Company or held by any subsidiary of the Company and Dissenting Shares) shall represent for all purposes only the right to receive the consideration set forth in Section 2.7(a) hereof, without any interest thereon. (c) After the Effective Time there shall be no transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the Shares which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation, they shall be cancelled and exchanged for the consideration provided in Article II hereof in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Article III. 6 ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY The Company represents and warrants to Parent and Purchaser as follows: SECTION 4.1. ORGANIZATION. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries that will be owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company following the Spin-Off (the "RETAINED SUBSIDIARIES") is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted, except in the case of Retained Subsidiaries where the failure to be so existing and in good standing or to have such power and authority would not in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect (as defined below). For purposes of this Agreement (except as provided in Section 5.1 hereof), (a) the term "MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT" shall mean any change or effect that is reasonably likely to be materially adverse to (i) the business, properties, operations, prospects, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Retained Business (as hereinafter defined) taken as a whole, or (ii) the ability of (A) the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement, or (B) Spinco to perform its obligations under the Distribution Agreement; and (b) the term "RETAINED BUSINESS" shall mean all of the businesses (and the Assets and Liabilities thereof (each as defined in the Distribution Agreement)) of the Company and its Subsidiaries, other than the Spinco Business (as defined in the Distribution Agreement). Each of the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the property owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in such jurisdictions where the failure to be so duly qualified or licensed and in good standing would not in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has heretofore delivered or made available to Parent accurate and complete copies of the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws (or other similar organizational documents in the event of any entity other than a corporation), as currently in effect of the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries. SECTION 4.2. CAPITALIZATION. (a) As of December 31, 1995, the authorized capital stock of the Company consisted of (i) 300,000,000 Shares, of which 173,068,379 Shares were issued and outstanding (inclusive of Shares subject to restrictions under the Company's 1987 Restricted Stock Purchase Plan), and (ii) 2,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share ("PREFERRED STOCK"), of which 250,000 shares were designated as Series A Preferred Stock, of which no shares were issued and outstanding. All of the issued and outstanding Shares are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of preemptive rights. As of December 31, 1995, 11,131,234 Shares were issuable upon the exercise of outstanding vested and non-vested Stock Options. Since December 31, 1995, the Company has not granted any Stock Options or issued any shares of its capital stock except as set forth on Schedule 4.2(a) of the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to Parent on or prior to the date hereof (the "DISCLOSURE SCHEDULE") or except upon exercise of Stock Options or pursuant to any existing Plan in accordance with the current terms of such Plan. Except as set forth above and as otherwise provided for in this Agreement, there are not now, and at the Effective Time there will not be, any shares of capital stock of the Company issued or outstanding or any subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, rights, convertible securities or other agreements or commitments of any character obligating the Company to issue, transfer or sell any of its securities other than the Rights (as defined in the Rights Agreement). Except as permitted by this Agreement, following the Merger, the Company will have no obligation to issue, transfer or sell any shares of its capital stock pursuant to any employee benefit plan or otherwise. (b) All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or ownership interest in, each of the Retained Subsidiaries have been validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned by either the Company or another of the Retained Subsidiaries free and clear of all Liens (as defined in the Distribution Agreement). There are not now, and at the Effective Time there will not be, any outstanding subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, rights, convertible securities or other agreements or commitments of any character relating to the issued or 7 unissued capital stock or other securities of any of the Retained Subsidiaries, or otherwise obligating the Company or any such subsidiary to issue, transfer or sell any such securities. (c) There are not now, and at the Effective Time there will not be, any voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries is a party or is bound with respect to the voting of the capital stock of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries. SECTION 4.3. AUTHORITY RELATIVE TO THIS AGREEMENT. Each of the Company and each Company Subsidiary which is a party to any of the Ancillary Agreements (each such subsidiary, a "CONTRACTING SUBSIDIARY") has full corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (but only to the extent it is a party thereto). The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and of the Ancillary Agreements by the Company and each Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto) and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been, or with respect to Contracting Subsidiaries will be prior to the Record Date, duly and validly authorized by the Boards of Directors of the Company and each Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto) and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company or each Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto), including, without limitation, any approval by the stockholders of the Company, are, or with respect to Contracting Subsidiaries will be prior to the Record Date, necessary to authorize this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (other than (a) with respect to the Merger, the approval and adoption of this Agreement by the holders of the requisite number of the outstanding Shares and (b) the establishment of the Record Date and the Distribution Date (each as defined in the Distribution Agreement) by the Board of Directors of the Company). This Agreement has been, and each of the Ancillary Agreements have been or will prior to the Record Date be, duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and each Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto) and constitute or (to the extent such agreement is not being entered into as of the date hereof) will constitute a valid and binding agreement of the Company and each Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto), enforceable against the Company and each Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto) in accordance with its terms except to the extent that enforcement thereof may be limited by (a) bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, now or hereafter in effect, relating to the creditors' rights generally and (b) general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity). The affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the Shares, determined on a fully-diluted basis, is the only vote of the holders of any class or series of Company capital stock necessary to approve the Merger. SECTION 4.4. CONSENTS AND APPROVALS; NO VIOLATIONS. Except for any applicable requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and all rules and regulations thereunder (the "EXCHANGE ACT"), the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all rules and regulations thereunder (the "SECURITIES ACT"), the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR ACT"), the EC Merger Regulations (as defined below), and the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the "COMMUNICATIONS ACT"), the filing and recordation of a certificate of merger, or a certificate of ownership and merger, as required by the NYBCL, filing with and approval of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. and the SEC with respect to the delisting and deregistering of the Shares, such filings and approvals as may be required under the "takeover" or "blue sky" Laws of various states, and as disclosed in Section 4.4 of the Disclosure Schedule or as contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements, neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements by the Company or any Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto) nor the consummation by the Company or any Contracting Subsidiary (to the extent it is a party thereto) of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby will (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company or any Contracting Subsidiary or Retained Subsidiary (other than those Retained Subsidiaries which, when taken together, would not be a "significant subsidiary" within the meaning of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act) (any such Retained Subsidiary, other than those described in the preceding parenthetical, herein called a "SIGNIFICANT RETAINED SUBSIDIARY"), (ii) require on the part of the Company or any Contracting Subsidiary or a Significant Retained Subsidiary any filing with, or the obtaining of any permit, 8 authorization, consent or approval of, any governmental or regulatory authority or any third party, (iii) result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, cancellation, acceleration or payment, or to the creation of a lien or encumbrance) under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note, mortgage, indenture, other evidence of indebtedness, guarantee, license, agreement or other contract, instrument or obligation to which the Company, any Contracting Subsidiary or Retained Subsidiary or any of their respective Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them or any of their Assets may be bound or (iv) violate any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any Contracting Subsidiary or Retained Subsidiary, any of their respective Subsidiaries or any of their Assets, except for such requirements, defaults, rights or violations under clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv) above (x) which relate to jurisdictions outside the United States or which would not in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect or materially impair the ability of the Company or any Contracting Subsidiary to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or (y) which become applicable as a result of the business or activities in which Parent or Purchaser is or proposes to be engaged (other than the business or activities of the Retained Business to be acquired by Purchaser, considered independently of the ownership thereof by Parent and Purchaser) or as a result of other facts or circumstances specific to Parent or Purchaser. For purposes of this Agreement, "EC MERGER REGULATIONS" mean Council Regulation (EEC) No. 4064/89 of December 21, 1989 on the Control of Concentrations Between Undertakings, OJ (1989) L 395/1 and the regulations and decisions of the Councilor Commission of the European Community (the "COMMISSION") or other organs of the European Union or European Community implementing such regulations. SECTION 4.5. ABSENCE OF CERTAIN CHANGES. Except (a) as set forth in Section 4.5 of the Disclosure Schedule, (b) as set forth in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1995 (the "FORM 10-K") or any other document filed prior to the date hereof pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, or (c) as contemplated by this Agreement or any of the Ancillary Agreements, from April 1, 1995 until the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has taken any of the prohibited actions set forth in Section 6.1 (other than clause (l) thereof) hereof or suffered any changes that, in each case, either individually or in the aggregate, would result in a Material Adverse Effect or conducted its business or operations in any material respect other than in the ordinary and usual course of business, consistent with past practices. SECTION 4.6. NO UNDISCLOSED LIABILITIES. Except (a) for Liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary and usual course of business consistent with past practice since April 1, 1995, (b) for Liabilities incurred in connection with the Offer, the Merger and the Spin-Off and (c) as set forth in Section 4.6 of the Disclosure Schedule, from April 1, 1995 until the date hereof neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any Liabilities that, individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect and that would be required to be reflected or reserved against in a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as applied in preparing the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of March 31, 1995 contained in the Form 10-K. SECTION 4.7. REPORTS. (a) The Company has filed all reports, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act since April 1, 1991 (collectively, including, without limitation, any financial statements or schedules included or incorporated by reference therein, the "COMPANY SEC DOCUMENTS"). Each of the Company SEC Documents, as of its filing date and at each time thereafter when the information included therein was required to be updated pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, complied in all material respects with all applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. None of the Company SEC Documents, as of their respective filing dates or any date thereafter when the information included therein was required to be updated pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, contained or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each of the consolidated balance sheets (including the related notes) included in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to or after the date of this Agreement (but prior to the date on which the Offer is consummated, and excluding the Company SEC Documents described in Section 4.8 hereof) fairly presents or 9 will fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof, and the other related statements (including the related notes) included therein fairly present or will fairly present in all material respects the results of operations and the cash flows of the Company and its Subsidiaries for the respective periods or as of the respective dates set forth therein. Each of the financial statements (including the related notes) included in the Company SEC Documents filed prior to or after the date of this Agreement (but prior to the date on which the Offer is consummated, and excluding the Company SEC Documents described in Section 4.8 hereof) has been prepared or will be prepared in all material respects in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied during the periods involved, except (i) as otherwise noted therein, (ii) to the extent required by changes in generally accepted accounting principles or (iii) in the case of unaudited financial statements, normal recurring year-end audit adjustments. (b) The Company has heretofore made available or promptly will make available to Purchaser a complete and correct copy of any amendments or modifications, which have not yet been filed with the SEC, to agreements, documents or other instruments which previously had been filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act. (c) Except as and to the extent set forth in Section 4.7(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, the pro forma consolidated balance sheet and the pro forma statement of operations (including the related notes) of the Retained Business attached as Annex 1 to Section 4.7(c) of the Disclosure Schedule (the "DEFENSE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS") fairly presents on a pro forma basis in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Retained Business as of the date thereof, and fairly presents on a pro forma basis in all material respects the consolidated results of operations of the Retained Business for the period set forth therein, respectively. The Defense Financial Statements have been prepared in all material respects in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied during the periods involved, except as otherwise disclosed therein or in the notes thereto. SECTION 4.8. SCHEDULE 14D-9; OFFER DOCUMENTS; FORM 10; INFORMATION STATEMENT. None of the information (other than information provided in writing by Parent or Purchaser for inclusion therein) included in the Schedule 14D-9, the Form 10 (as defined in the Distribution Agreement (or any registration statement contemplated pursuant to Section 3.1(a) of the Distribution Agreement) or the Information Statement or supplied by the Company for inclusion in the Offer Documents, including any amendments thereto, will be false or misleading with respect to any material fact or will omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. Except for information supplied by Parent in writing for inclusion therein, the Schedule 14D-9, the Form 10 (or any registration statement contemplated pursuant to Section 3.1(a) of the Distribution Agreement) and the Information Statement, including any amendments thereto, will comply in all material respects with the Exchange Act and the Securities Act. SECTION 4.9. NO DEFAULT. Except as set forth in Section 4.9 of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in default or violation (and no event has occurred which with notice or the lapse of time or both would constitute a default or violation) of any term, condition or provision of (i) its charter or its by-laws, (ii) any note, mortgage, indenture (including, without limitation, the Indenture dated January 15, 1992 with respect to the Company's 9 1/8% Senior Debentures due 2022, the Indenture dated September 1, 1993 with respect to the Company's 7 5/8% Senior Notes due 2004, 8 3/8% Senior Debentures due 2024 and 7 5/8% Senior Debentures due 2025, and the Indenture dated November 1, 1992 with respect to the Company's 7% Senior Debentures due 2023 and 8 3/8% Senior Debentures due 2023 (collectively, the "PUBLIC INDENTURES")), other evidence of indebtedness, guarantee, license, agreement or other contract, instrument or contractual obligation to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is now a party or by which they or any of their Assets may be bound, or (iii) any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except for defaults or violations under clause (i) (with respect to Company Subsidiaries other than the Retained Subsidiaries), clause (ii) (other than defaults under or violations of any of the Public Indentures or the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of November 23, 1994 between the Company and the 10 banks party thereto (the "CREDIT AGREEMENT")), and clause (iii) above which, (A) in the aggregate would not have a Material Adverse Effect and would not have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Company or Spinco to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement, or (B) become applicable as a result of the business or activities in which Parent or Purchaser is or proposes to be engaged (other than the business or activities of the Retained Business to be acquired by Purchaser, considered independently of the ownership thereof by Parent and Purchaser) or as a result of any other facts or circumstances specific to Parent or Purchaser. SECTION 4.10. LITIGATION; COMPLIANCE WITH LAW. (a) Except as set forth in Section 4.10(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, as of the date hereof (except as provided in the following sentence), there are no actions, suits, claims, proceedings or investigations pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened, involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Assets (or any person or entity whose liability therefrom may have been retained or assumed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries either contractually or by operation of Law), by or before any court, governmental or regulatory authority or by any third party which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Assets is subject to any outstanding order, writ, injunction or decree which, insofar as can be reasonably foreseen, individually or in the aggregate, in the future would have a Material Adverse Effect. (b) Except as disclosed by the Company in the Company SEC Documents filed since April 1, 1995 (the "RECENT SEC DOCUMENTS") or Section 4.10(b) of the Disclosure Schedule, the Company and its Retained Subsidiaries are now being and in the past have been operated in substantial compliance with all Laws except for violations which individually or in the aggregate do not, and, insofar as reasonably can be foreseen, will not, have a Material Adverse Effect. SECTION 4.11. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS; ERISA. (a) Except for those matters set forth in Section 4.11(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, (i) each "employee benefit plan" (as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")), and all other employee benefit, bonus, incentive, stock option (or other equity- based), severance, change in control, welfare (including post-retirement medical and life insurance) and fringe benefit plans (whether or not subject to ERISA) maintained or sponsored by the Company or its Subsidiaries or any trade or business, whether or not incorporated, that would be deemed a "single employer" within the meaning of Section 4001 of ERISA (an "ERISA AFFILIATE"), for the benefit of any employee or former employee of the Company or any of its ERISA Affiliates (the "PLANS") is, and has been, operated in all material respects in accordance with its terms and in substantial compliance (including the making of governmental filings) with all applicable Laws, including, without limitation, ERISA and the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "CODE"), (ii) each of the Plans intended to be "qualified" within the meaning of Section 401(a) of the Code has been determined by the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") to be so qualified and is not under audit by the IRS or the Department of Labor and the Company knows of no fact or set of circumstances that is reasonably likely to adversely affect such qualification prior to the Effective Time, (iii) no material withdrawal liability with respect to any "multiemployer pension plan" (as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA) would be incurred by the Company and its ERISA Affiliates if withdrawal from such plan were to occur on the Effective Time, (iv) no "reportable event", as such term is defined in Section 4043(c) of ERISA (for which the 30-day notice requirement to the PBGC has not been waived), has occurred with respect to any Plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA, and (v) there are no material pending or, to the best knowledge of Company, threatened claims (other than routine claims for benefits) by, on behalf of or against any of the Plans or any trusts related thereto other than routine benefit claim matters. (b) (i) No Plan has incurred an "Accumulated Funding Deficiency" (as defined in Section 302 of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code), whether or not waived, (ii) neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred any Liability under Title IV of ERISA except for required premium payments to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC"), which payments have been made when due, and no events have occurred 11 which are reasonably likely to give rise to any Liability of the Company or an ERISA Affiliate under Title IV of ERISA or which could reasonably be anticipated to result in any claims being made against Buyer by the PBGC, and (iii) the Company has not incurred any material withdrawal liability (including any contingent or secondary withdrawal liability) within the meaning of Section 4201 and 4204 of ERISA to any multiemployer plan (within the meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA) which has not been satisfied in full. (c) Except as set forth in Section 4.11(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, with respect to each Plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA (i) the Company has provided to Purchaser copies of the most recent actuarial valuation report prepared for such Plan, (ii) the assets and liabilities in respect of the accrued benefits as set forth in the most recent actuarial valuation report prepared by the Plan's actuary fairly present the funded status of such Plan in all material respects, and (iii) since the date of such valuation report there has been no material adverse change in the funded status of any such Plan. (d) Neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has failed to make any contribution or payment to any Plan or multiemployer plan which, in either case has resulted or could result in the imposition of a material lien or the posting of a material bond or other material security under ERISA or the Code. (e) Except as otherwise set forth on Section 4.11(e) of the Disclosure Schedule or as expressly provided for in this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement will not (i) entitle any current or former employee or officer of the Company or any ERISA Affiliate to severance pay, unemployment compensation or any other payment, or (ii) accelerate the time of payment or vesting, or increase the amount of compensation due any such employee or officer. SECTION 4.12. ASSETS; INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. (a) Except as set forth in Section 4.12(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, upon consummation of the Spin-Off, the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries will own or have rights to use all Assets necessary to permit the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries to conduct the Retained Business as it is currently being conducted except where the failure to own or have the right to use such Assets would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. (b) To the knowledge of the Company, based solely upon inquiry of the Company's General Counsel and Chief Patent Counsel, the Company does not now and has not in the past used Intellectual Property in the Retained Business which conflicts with or infringes upon any proprietary rights of others except where such conflict or infringement would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY" means trademarks, trade names, service marks, service names, mark registrations, logos, assumed names, copyright registrations, patents and all applications therefor and all other similar proprietary rights. SECTION 4.13. RESERVED. SECTION 4.14. RESERVED. SECTION 4.15. CERTAIN CONTRACTS AND ARRANGEMENTS. During the twelve months immediately prior to the date hereof, no significant contracts of the Retained Business have been cancelled or otherwise terminated and during such time the Company has not been threatened with any such cancellation or termination except, in each case, for cancelled or terminated contracts which, individually or in the aggregate, would not constitute a Material Adverse Effect. SECTION 4.16. TAXES. Except as otherwise disclosed in Section 4.16 of the Disclosure Schedule and except for those matters which, either individually or in the aggregate, would not result in a Material Adverse Effect: (a) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed (or have had filed on their behalf) or will file or cause to be filed, all Tax Returns (as defined in Section 4.16(j)(3) hereof) required by applicable Law to be filed 12 by any of them prior to the consummation of the Offer, and all such Tax Returns and amendments thereto are or will be true, complete and correct. (b) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have paid (or have had paid on their behalf) all Taxes (as defined in Section 4.16(j)(2) hereof) due with respect to any period ending prior to or as of the expiration of the Offer), or where payment of Taxes is not yet due, have established (or have had established on their behalf and for their sole benefit and recourse), or will establish or cause to be established before the consummation of the Offer, an adequate accrual for the payment of all such Taxes which have accrued prior to expiration of the Offer other than Taxes directly attributable to the transactions contemplated by the Distribution Agreement. (c) There are no Liens for any Taxes upon the Assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries used primarily in the Retained Business, other than statutory liens for Taxes not yet due and payable and Liens for real estate Taxes being contested in good faith. (d) No Audit (as defined in Section 4.16(j)(3)) is pending with respect to any Taxes due from the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding waivers extending the statutory period of limitation relating to the payment of Taxes due from the Company or any Subsidiary for any taxable period ending prior to the expiration of the Offer which are expected to be outstanding as of the expiration of the Offer. (e) Neither the Company nor any subsidiary is a party to, is bound by, or has any obligation under, a tax sharing contract or other agreement or arrangement for the allocation, apportionment, sharing, indemnification, or payment of Taxes, other than the Tax Sharing Agreement. (f) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has made an election under Section 341(f) of the Code. (g) The statute of limitations for all Tax Returns of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries for all years through 1987 have expired for all federal, state, local and foreign tax purposes, or such Tax Returns have been subject to a final Audit. (h) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice of deficiency, assessment or adjustment from the Internal Revenue Service or any other domestic or foreign governmental taxing authority that has not been fully paid or finally settled, and any such deficiency, adjustment or assessment shown on such schedule is being contested in good faith through appropriate proceedings and adequate reserves have been established on the Company's financial statements therefor. To the best of their knowledge, there are no other deficiencies, assessments or adjustments threatened, pending or assessed with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. (i) Except as contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents or as disclosed in the Recent SEC Documents, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any agreement, contract or other arrangement that would result, separately or in the aggregate, in the requirement to pay any "excess parachute payments" within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code or any gross-up in connection with such an agreement, contract or arrangement. (j) For purposes of this Section 4.16, capitalized terms have the following meaning: (1) "AUDIT" shall mean any audit, assessment or other examination of Taxes or Tax Returns by the IRS or any other domestic or foreign governmental authority responsible for the administration of any Taxes, proceeding or appeal of such proceeding relating to Taxes. (2) "TAXES" shall mean all Federal, state, local and foreign taxes, and other assessments of a similar nature (whether imposed directly or through withholding) including, but not limited to income, excise, property, sales, use (or any similar taxes), gains, transfer, franchise, payroll, value- added, withholding, Social Security, business license fees, customs, duties and other taxes, assessments, charges, or other fees imposed by a governmental authority, including any interest, additions to tax, or penalties applicable thereto. 13 (3) "TAX RETURNS" shall mean all Federal, state, local and foreign tax returns, declarations, statements, reports, schedules, forms and information returns and any amended Tax Return relating to Taxes. SECTION 4.17. RETAINED BUSINESS FCC LICENSES. The licenses and permits issued to the Company or its Subsidiaries by the Federal Communications Commission and used in connection with the Retained Business are not individually or in the aggregate Important Licenses. "IMPORTANT LICENSES" means licenses or permits which are important to the Retained Business and which, if terminated, forfeited or otherwise not available to the Retained Business after the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, would adversely affect the Retained Business in a significant manner. SECTION 4.18. LABOR MATTERS. Except as set forth in Section 4.18 of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of the Retained Subsidiaries has, since April 1, 1993, (i) been subject to, or threatened with, any material strike, lockout or other labor dispute or engaged in any unfair labor practice, the result of which could have a Material Adverse Effect, or (ii) received notice of any pending petition for certification before the National Labor Relations Board with respect to any material group of Retained Employees (as defined in the Distribution Agreement) who are not currently organized. SECTION 4.19. RIGHTS AGREEMENT. The Board of Directors of the Company has approved a form of Rights Agreement between the Company and the Rights Agent thereunder (the "RIGHTS AGREEMENT"), and a form of amendment thereto (the "RIGHTS AMENDMENT"); the Rights Agreement, as amended by the Rights Amendment, when each are executed and delivered by the Company and the Rights Agent, shall (a) prevent this Agreement or the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby or by the Distribution Agreement, including without limitation, the publication or other announcement of the Offer and the consummation of the Offer and the Merger, from resulting in the distribution of separate rights certificates or the occurrence of a Distribution Date (as defined in the Rights Agreement) or being deemed to be a Triggering Event (as defined in the Rights Agreement) or a Section 13 Event (as defined in the Rights Agreement) and (b) provide that neither Parent nor Purchaser shall be deemed to be an Acquiring Person (as defined in the Rights Agreement) by reason of the transactions expressly provided for in this Agreement. SECTION 4.20. CERTAIN FEES. Except for Lazard Freres & Co. LLC and Lehman Brothers Inc., neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has employed any financial advisor or finder or incurred any Liability for any financial advisory or finders' fees in connection with this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. SECTION 4.21. NO ADDITIONAL APPROVALS NECESSARY. The Board of Directors of the Company has taken all actions necessary under the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the NYBCL, including approving the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, to ensure that Section 912 of the NYBCL will not, prior to any termination of this Agreement, apply to this Agreement, the Offer, the Merger, the Spin-Off or the transactions contemplated hereby. SECTION 4.22. MATERIALITY. The representations and warranties set forth in this Article IV would in the aggregate be true and correct even without the materiality exceptions or qualifications contained therein except for such exceptions and qualifications which, in the aggregate for all such representations and warranties, are not and could not reasonably be expected to constitute a Material Adverse Effect. ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND PURCHASER Parent and Purchaser represent and warrant to the Company as follows: SECTION 5.1. ORGANIZATION. Each of Parent and Purchaser is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the state of its incorporation and has all requisite corporate power and 14 authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted, except where the failure to be so organized, existing and in good standing or to have such power and authority would not, in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect (as defined below) on Parent or Purchaser. When used in connection with Parent or Purchaser, the term "MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT" means any change or effect that is materially adverse to the business, properties, operations, prospects results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. SECTION 5.2. AUTHORITY RELATIVE TO THIS AGREEMENT. Each of Parent and Purchaser has full corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements (to the extent it is a party thereto) and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements (to the extent it is a party thereto) and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly authorized by the Boards of Directors of Purchaser and Parent and no other corporate or other proceedings on the part of Parent, Purchaser or any of their affiliates are necessary to authorize this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements (to the extent it is a party thereto) or to consummate the transactions so contemplated. This Agreement has been, and each of the Ancillary Agreements have been, or will prior to the Record Date be, duly and validly executed and delivered by each of Parent and Purchaser (to the extent it is a party thereto) and constitute or (to the extent such agreement is not being entered into as of the date hereof) will constitute valid and binding agreements of each of Parent and Purchaser, enforceable against each of Parent and Purchaser in accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent that enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar Laws, now or hereafter in effect, relating to creditors' rights generally and general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity). SECTION 5.3. CONSENTS AND APPROVALS; NO VIOLATIONS. Except for applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, Antitrust Laws, the Communications Act, the filing and recordation of a certificate of merger, or a certificate of ownership and merger, as required by the NYBCL, any filings required by the Investment Canada Act, such filings and approvals as may be required under the "takeover" or "blue sky" Laws of various states, and as contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements, neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements by Parent or Purchaser (to the extent it is a party thereto) nor the consummation by Parent or Purchaser of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby will (i) conflict with or result in any breach of any provision of the charter or by-laws of Parent or Purchaser, (ii) require on the part of Parent or Purchaser any filing with, or the obtaining of any permit, authorization, consent or approval of, any governmental or regulatory authority or any third party, (iii) result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, cancellation, acceleration or payment, or to the creation of a lien or encumbrance) under any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note, mortgage, indenture, other evidence of indebtedness, guarantee, license, agreement or other contract, instrument or contractual obligation to which Parent, Purchaser or any of their respective Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them or any of their Assets may be bound, or (iv) violate any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or regulation applicable to Parent, Purchaser, any of their Subsidiaries or any of their Assets, except for such requirements, defaults, rights or violations under clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv) above which would not in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the ability of Parent or Purchaser to consummate the Offer and the Merger. SECTION 5.4. INFORMATION STATEMENT; SCHEDULE 14D-9. Neither the Offer Documents nor any other document filed or to be filed by or on behalf of Parent or Purchaser with the SEC or any other governmental entity in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement contained when filed or will, at the respective times filed with the SEC or other governmental entity, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, that the foregoing shall not apply to information supplied by or on behalf of the Company specifically for inclusion or incorporation by reference in any such document. The Offer Documents will comply as to form in all material respects with 15 the provisions of the Exchange Act. None of the information supplied by Parent or Purchaser in writing for inclusion in the Information Statement or the Schedule 14D-9 will, at the respective times that the Information Statement and the Schedule 14D-9 or any amendments or supplements thereto are filed with the SEC and are first published or sent or given to holders of Shares, and in the case of the Information Statement, at the time that it or any amendment or supplement thereto is mailed to the Company's shareholders, at the time of the Shareholders' Meeting or at the Effective Time, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. SECTION 5.5. SUFFICIENT FUNDS. Parent and its lenders are negotiating the terms of a credit facility to provide Purchaser with financing sufficient to permit Purchaser to consummate the Offer. Parent is highly confident that such financing will be available and has no reason to believe that Purchaser will not have sufficient funds available prior to the satisfaction of the conditions to the Offer set forth in Exhibit B hereto to purchase all Shares on a fully diluted basis at the Merger Price. SECTION 5.6. BROKERS. Except for Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. no broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finder's or other fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by and on behalf of Parent or Purchaser. ARTICLE VI COVENANTS SECTION 6.1. CONDUCT OF BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY. Except as contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements, during the period from the date of this Agreement to the consummation of the Offer and, if Parent has made a prompt request therefor pursuant to Section 1.4 hereof, until its Designated Directors (as defined in Section 8.4 hereof) shall constitute in their entirety a majority of the Company's Board of Directors, the Company and its Subsidiaries (other than Spinco and the Spinco Companies (as defined in the Distribution Agreement)) will each conduct its operations according to its ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts to (i) preserve intact its business organization, (ii) maintain its material rights and franchises, (iii) keep available the services of its officers and key employees, and (iv) keep in full force and effect insurance comparable in amount and scope of coverage to that maintained as of the date hereof (collectively, the "ORDINARY COURSE OBLIGATIONS"); provided, that Spinco and the Spinco Companies shall comply with the Ordinary Course Obligations to the extent that non-compliance therewith could adversely affect the Retained Business or adversely affect (or materially delay) the consummation of the Offer, the Merger or the Spin-Off. Without limiting the generality of and in addition to the foregoing, and except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements, prior to the time specified in the preceding sentence, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (other than Spinco and the Spinco Companies insofar as any action of the type specified below could not adversely affect the Retained Business and could not adversely affect (or materially delay) the Offer, the Spin-Off or the Merger) will, without the prior written consent of Parent: (a) amend its charter or by-laws other than filing a Certificate of Amendment of the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation as contemplated by the Rights Agreement; (b) authorize for issuance, issue, sell, deliver or agree or commit to issue, sell or deliver (whether through the issuance or granting of options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions, rights to purchase or otherwise) any stock of any class or any other securities (except by the Company in connection with Stock Options, pursuant to the Rights Agreement as contemplated by the Distribution Agreement or pursuant to the current terms of any existing Plan) or amend any of the terms of any such securities or agreements (other than such securities or agreements of any Subsidiary other than any of the Retained Subsidiaries, or amendments of the Distribution Agreement as permitted thereunder) outstanding on the date hereof; 16 (c) split, combine or reclassify any shares of its capital stock, declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its capital stock (other than pursuant to the Rights Agreement) or redeem or otherwise acquire any of its securities or any securities of its Subsidiaries (other than pursuant to the Rights Agreement); provided, that the Company may declare and pay to holders of Shares regular quarterly dividends of not more than $.08 per Share on the dividend declaration and payment dates normally applicable to the Shares. (d) (i) pledge or otherwise encumber shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or (ii) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices, (A) incur, assume or prepay any long-term debt or incur, assume, or prepay any obligations with respect to letters of credit or any material short-term debt; (B) assume, guarantee, endorse or otherwise become liable or responsible (whether directly, contingently or otherwise) for any material obligations of any other person except wholly owned Subsidiaries of the Company; (C) make any material loans, advances or capital contributions to, or investments in, any other person; (iv) change the practices of the Company and its Retained Subsidiaries with respect to the timing of payments or collections; or (D) mortgage or pledge any Assets of the Retained Business or create or permit to exist any material Lien thereupon; (e) except (i) as disclosed in Section 6.1(e) of the Disclosure Schedule and except for arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices, (ii) as required by Law or (iii) as specifically provided for in the Agreement or Distribution Agreement, enter into, adopt or materially amend any bonus, profit sharing, compensation, severance, termination, stock option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock, performance unit, pension, retirement, deferred compensation, employment, severance or other employee benefit agreements, trusts, plans, funds or other arrangements of or for the benefit or welfare of any Retained Employee (or any other person for whom the Retained Business will have Liability), or (except for normal increases in the ordinary course of business that are consistent with past practices) increase in any manner the compensation or fringe benefits of any Retained Employee (or any other person for whom the Retained Business will have Liability) or pay any benefit not required by any existing plan and arrangement (including, without limitation, the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, shares of restricted stock or performance units) or enter into any contract, agreement, commitment or arrangement to do any of the foregoing; (f) transfer, sell, lease, license or dispose of any lines of business, Subsidiaries, divisions, operating units or facilities (other than facilities currently closed or currently proposed to be closed) relating to the Retained Business outside the ordinary course of business or enter into any material commitment or transaction with respect to the Retained Business outside the ordinary course of business; (g) acquire or agree to acquire, by merging or consolidating with, by purchasing an equity interest in or a portion of the Assets of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation, partnership, association or other business organization or division thereof, or otherwise acquire or agree to acquire any Assets of any other person (other than the purchase of Assets in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice), in each case where such action would be material to the Retained Business; (h) except as may be required by Law or as disclosed in Section 6.1(e) of the Disclosure Schedule, take any action to terminate or materially amend any of its pension plans or retiree medical plans with respect to or for the benefit of Retained Employees or any other person for whom the Retained Business will have Liability; (i) materially modify, amend or terminate (1) any significant contract related to the Retained Business or waive any material rights or claims of the Retained Business except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or (2) any contract having an aggregate contract value of $100 million or greater, whether or not in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, unless such modification, amendment or termination does not materially diminish the projected profit or materially increase the projected loss anticipated from such contract; provided, that nothing contained in this Section 6.1(i) shall limit the Company and its Subsidiaries in connection with programs or contracts with respect to which Parent or a Subsidiary of Parent has submitted, or is reasonably expected to submit, a competing bid; provided further, that the provisions of this 17 Section 6.1(i) shall not apply to any arrangement, agreement or contract proposal previously submitted by the Company or a Subsidiary thereof which proposal, upon acceptance thereof, cannot be revised or withdrawn; (j) effect any material change in any of its methods of accounting in effect as of March 31, 1995, except as may be required by Law or generally accepted accounting principles; (k) except as expressly provided in this Agreement, amend, modify, or terminate the Rights Agreement or redeem any Rights thereunder; provided, that if the Board of Directors of the Company by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment, based as to legal matters upon the written opinion of legal counsel, that the failure to redeem any Rights would likely constitute a breach of the Board's fiduciary duty, the Rights may be redeemed; (l) enter into any material arrangement, agreement or contract that individually or in the aggregate with other material arrangements, agreements and contracts entered into after the date hereof, the Company reasonably expects will adversely affect in a significant manner the Retained Business after the date hereof; provided, that nothing contained in this Section 6.1(l) shall limit the Company and its Subsidiaries from submitting bids for programs or contracts with respect to which the Company reasonably expects Parent or a Subsidiary of Parent to submit a bid; and (m) enter into a legally binding commitment with respect to, or any agreement to take, any of the foregoing actions. SECTION 6.2. ACQUISITION PROPOSALS. (a) The Company and its officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents shall immediately cease any existing discussions or negotiations with any parties conducted heretofore with respect to any Acquisition Proposal (as defined in Section 6.2(b) hereof). The Company and its Subsidiaries will not, and will use their best efforts to cause their respective officers, directors, employees and investment bankers, attorneys, accountants or other agents retained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries not to, (i) initiate or solicit, directly or indirectly, any inquiries with respect to, or the making of, any Acquisition Proposal, or (ii) except as permitted below, engage in negotiations or discussions with, or furnish any information or data to any Third Party (as defined in Section 8.3(b) hereof) relating to an Acquisition Proposal (other than the transactions contemplated hereby and by the Ancillary Agreements). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 6.2, the Company may furnish information to, and participate in discussions or negotiations (including, as a part thereof, making any counter- proposal) with, any Third Party which submits an unsolicited written Acquisition Proposal to the Company if the Company's Board of Directors by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment, based as to legal matters upon the written opinion of legal counsel, that the failure to furnish such information or participate in such discussions or negotiations would likely constitute a breach of the Board's fiduciary duties under applicable Law; provided, that nothing herein shall prevent the Board from taking, and disclosing to the Company's shareholders, a position contemplated by Rules 14D-9 and 14e-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act with regard to any tender offer; provided further, that the Board shall not recommend that the shareholders of the Company tender their Shares in connection with any such tender offer unless the Board by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment, based as to legal matters on the written opinion of legal counsel, that failing to take such action would likely constitute a breach of the Board's fiduciary duty; provided further, that the Company shall not enter into any agreement with respect to any Acquisition Proposal except concurrently with or after the termination of this Agreement (except with respect to confidentiality and standstill agreements to the extent expressly provided below). The Company shall promptly provide Parent with a copy of any written Acquisition Proposal received and a written statement with respect to any non-written Acquisition Proposal received, which statement shall include the identity of the parties making the Acquisition Proposal and the terms thereof. The Company shall promptly inform Parent of the status and content of any discussions regarding any Acquisition Proposal with a Third Party. In no event shall the Company provide non-public information regarding the Retained Business to any Third Party making an Acquisition Proposal unless such party enters into a confidentiality agreement containing provisions designed to reasonably protect the confidentiality of such 18 information. In the event that following the date hereof the Company enters into a confidentiality agreement with any Third Party which does not include terms and conditions which are substantially similar to the provisions of Paragraph No. 7 (the "STANDSTILL PROVISIONS") of the letter agreement, dated as of December 4, 1995, between the Company and Parent (the "CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT"), then Parent and its affiliates shall be released from their obligations under such Standstill Provisions to the same extent as such third party. (b) For purposes of this Agreement, the term "ACQUISITION PROPOSAL" shall mean any bona fide proposal, whether in writing or otherwise, made by a Third Party to acquire beneficial ownership (as defined under Rule 13(d) of the Exchange Act) of all or a material portion of the Assets of, or any material equity interest in, any of the Company, a Retained Subsidiary or the Retained Business pursuant to a merger, consolidation or other business combination, sale of shares of capital stock, sale of Assets, tender offer or exchange offer or similar transaction involving either the Company, a Retained Subsidiary or the Retained Business, including, without limitation, any single or multi-step transaction or series of related transactions which is structured to permit such third party to acquire beneficial ownership of any material portion of the Assets of, or any material portion of the equity interest in, either the Company, a Retained Subsidiary or the Retained Business (other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements); provided, that the term "ACQUISITION PROPOSAL" shall not include any transactions which relate solely to the businesses to be owned by Spinco and the Spinco Companies following the Spin-Off and which could not have an adverse effect on the consummation of the Offer, the Merger, the Spin- Off or the transactions contemplated hereby. SECTION 6.3. ACCESS TO INFORMATION. (a) Between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, upon reasonable notice and at reasonable times, and subject to any access, disclosure, copying or other limitations imposed by applicable Law or any of the Company's or its Subsidiaries' contracts, the Company will give Parent and its authorized representatives reasonable access to all offices and other facilities and to all books and records of it and its Subsidiaries, and will permit Parent to make such inspections as it may reasonably require, and will cause its officers and those of its Subsidiaries to furnish Parent with (i) such financial and operating data and other information with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries as Parent may from time to time reasonably request, or (ii) any other financial and operating data which materially impacts the Company and its Subsidiaries. Parent and its authorized representatives will conduct all such inspections in a manner which will minimize any disruptions of the business and operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries. (b) Parent, Purchaser and the Company agree that the provisions of the Confidentiality Agreement shall remain binding and in full force and effect (subject, however, to the provisions of Section 6.2(a) hereof) and that the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement are incorporated herein by reference. SECTION 6.4. REASONABLE EFFORTS. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and without limitation to the provisions of Section 6.6 hereof, each of the parties hereto agrees to use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all action, and to do, or cause to be done, all things reasonably necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Laws and regulations to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements (including, without limitation, (i) cooperating in the preparation and filing of the Offer Documents, the Schedule 14D-9, the Form 10, the Information Statement and any amendments to any thereof; (ii) cooperating in making available information and personnel in connection with presentations, whether in writing or otherwise, to prospective lenders to Parent and Purchaser that may be asked to provide financing for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (iii) taking of all action reasonably necessary, proper or advisable to secure any necessary consents or waivers under existing debt obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries or amend the notes, indentures or agreements relating thereto to the extent required by such notes, indentures or agreements or redeem or repurchase such debt obligations; (iv) contesting any pending legal proceeding relating to the Offer, the Merger or the Spin-Off; and (v) executing any additional instruments necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby). In case at any time after the Effective Time any further action is necessary to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, the proper officers and directors of each party hereto shall use all reasonable efforts to take all such necessary action. 19 SECTION 6.5. CONSENTS. Each of the Company, Parent and Purchaser shall cooperate and use their respective reasonable efforts to make all filings and obtain all consents and approvals of governmental authorities (including, without limitation, the Federal Communication Commission ("FCC")) and other third parties necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements. Each of the parties hereto will furnish to the other party such necessary information and reasonable assistance as such other persons may reasonably request in connection with the foregoing. SECTION 6.6. ANTITRUST FILINGS. (a) In addition to and without limiting the agreements of Parent and Purchaser contained in Section 6.5 hereof, Parent, Purchaser and the Company will (i) take promptly all actions necessary to make the filings required of Parent, Purchaser or any of their affiliates under the applicable Antitrust Laws (as defined in Section 6.6(e) hereof), (ii) comply at the earliest practicable date with any request for additional information or documentary material received by Parent, Purchaser or any of their affiliates from the Federal Trade Commission or the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice pursuant to the HSR Act and from the Commission or other foreign governmental or regulatory authority pursuant to Antitrust Laws, and (iii) cooperate with the Company in connection with any filing of the Company under applicable Antitrust Laws and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry concerning the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements commenced by any of the Federal Trade Commission, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, state attorneys general, the Commission, or other foreign governmental or regulatory authorities. (b) In furtherance and not in limitation of the covenants of Parent and Purchaser contained in Section 6.5 and Section 6.6(a) hereof, Parent, Purchaser and the Company shall each use all reasonable efforts to resolve such objections, if any, as may be asserted with respect to the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements under any Antitrust Law. If any administrative, judicial or legislative action or proceeding is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) challenging the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements as violative of any Antitrust Law, Parent, Purchaser and the Company shall each cooperate to contest and resist any such action or proceeding, and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent) (any such decree, judgment, injunction or other order is hereafter referred to as an "ORDER") that is in effect and that restricts, prevents or prohibits consummation of the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements, including, without limitation, by pursuing all reasonable avenues of administrative and judicial appeal. Parent and Purchaser shall each also use their respective reasonable efforts to take all reasonable action, including, without limitation, agreeing to hold separate or to divest any of the businesses or Assets of Parent or Purchaser or any of their affiliates, or, following the consummation of the Offer or the Effective Time, of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries, as may be required (i) by the applicable governmental or regulatory authority (including without limitation the Federal Trade Commission, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, any state attorney general or any foreign governmental or regulatory authority) in order to resolve such objections as such governmental or regulatory authority may have to such transactions under any Antitrust Law, or (ii) by any domestic or foreign court or other tribunal, in any action or proceeding brought by a private party or governmental or regulatory authority challenging such transactions as violative of any Antitrust Law, in order to avoid the entry of, or to effect the dissolution, vacating, lifting, altering or reversal of, any Order that has the effect of restricting, preventing or prohibiting the consummation of the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Agreements; provided, that Parent shall not be required to take any action, divest any Asset or enter into any consent decree if the taking of such action, disposing of such Asset or entering into such decree would have a Significant Adverse Effect. "SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE EFFECT" shall mean any change or effect that, in Parent's judgment, is reasonably likely to adversely affect in a substantial way the benefits and opportunities which Parent reasonably expects to receive from the acquisition of the Retained Business or from Parent's current business. 20 (c) Each of the Company, Parent and Purchaser shall promptly inform the other party of any material communication received by such party from the Federal Trade Commission, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, the Commission or any other governmental or regulatory authority regarding any of the transactions contemplated hereby. Parent and/or Purchaser will promptly advise the Company with respect to any understanding, undertaking or agreement (whether oral or written) which it proposes to make or enter into with any of the foregoing parties with regard to any of the transactions contemplated hereby. (d) "ANTITRUST LAW" means the Sherman Act, as amended, the Clayton Act, as amended, the HSR Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, EC Merger Regulations and all other federal, state and foreign statutes, rules, regulations, orders, decrees, administrative and judicial doctrines, and other Laws that are designed or intended to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade. SECTION 6.7. PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENTS. Parent, Purchaser and the Company will consult with each other before issuing any press release or otherwise making any public statements with respect to the Offer, the Spin-Off or the Merger and shall not issue any such press release or make any such public statement prior to such consultation, except as may be required by Law or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement with any securities exchange. SECTION 6.8. EMPLOYEE AGREEMENTS. (a) Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company shall use its best efforts to, and shall use its best efforts to cause its Subsidiaries to, assign to Spinco or Subsidiaries of Spinco or terminate all employment agreements with employees of the Company who are not Retained Employees (the "EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS") and all individual severance agreements with employees of the Company who are not Retained Employees (the "SEVERANCE AGREEMENTS"). The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that, whether or not such Employment Agreements and Severance Agreements are so assigned or terminated, all Liabilities under or arising from such Employment Agreements and Severance Agreements other than as expressly contemplated in the Distribution Agreement or by this Section 6.8 shall be deemed to be Spinco Liabilities (as defined in the Distribution Agreement), with respect to which Spinco shall indemnify the Company and Parent as provided therein. (b) Parent acknowledges and agrees that all employment agreements and severance agreements with the Retained Employees will be binding and enforceable obligations of the Surviving Corporation, except as the parties thereto may otherwise agree. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that all Liabilities under or arising from such agreements with the Retained Employees from and after the consummation of the Offer shall be deemed to be Company Liabilities (as defined in the Distribution Agreement), with respect to which the Company and Parent shall indemnify Spinco as provided therein. (c) (i) Parent agrees to cause the Company to pay in cash to each Company Bonus Employee (as defined below) to the extent not previously paid, all bonus compensation payable with respect to the fiscal year of the Company ending March 31, 1996 under any bonus program of the Company or its Subsidiaries in which such Company Bonus Employee participated prior to the consummation of the Offer or under any employment agreement. Such bonus compensation shall be paid at the time or times that comparable bonus compensation was paid to any similarly situated employee after March 31, 1995 with respect to the fiscal year ended March 31, 1995. Bonus compensation which is based on objective criteria shall be calculated and paid in accordance with such criteria. With respect to bonus compensation which is wholly or partially discretionary, such bonus compensation shall be determined and paid on a basis consistent with past practices of the Company. Subject to Section 6.8(c)(iii), the amount of discretionary bonus compensation to be paid to any Company Bonus Employee shall be determined by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company in office immediately prior to the date of the consummation of the Offer or by his designee. "COMPANY BONUS EMPLOYEE" means a person, other than a Spinco Employee, employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries immediately prior to the date the Offer is consummated, who was eligible to receive a bonus under any bonus program of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in effect at December 31, 1995, or under any employment agreement in effect on such date, with respect to the fiscal year ending March 31, 1996. 21 (ii) Spinco agrees to pay in cash to each Spinco Bonus Employee (as defined in this Section 6.8(c)(ii)) to the extent not previously paid, all bonus compensation payable with respect to the fiscal year of the Company ending March 31, 1996 under any bonus program of the Company or its Subsidiaries in which such Spinco Bonus Employee participated prior to the consummation of the Offer or under any employment agreement. Such bonus compensation shall be paid at the time or times that comparable bonus compensation was paid to any similarly situated employee after March 31, 1995 with respect to the fiscal year ended March 31, 1995. Bonus compensation which is based on objective criteria shall be calculated and paid in accordance with such criteria. With respect to bonus compensation which is wholly or partially discretionary, such bonus compensation shall be determined and paid on a basis consistent with past practices of the Company. Subject to Section 6.8(c)(iii), the amount of discretionary bonus compensation to be paid to any Spinco Bonus Employee shall be determined by Spinco. "SPINCO BONUS EMPLOYEE" means any Spinco Employee employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries immediately prior to the date the Offer is consummated, who was eligible to receive a bonus under any bonus program of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in effect at December 31, 1995, or under any employment agreement in effect on such date, with respect to the fiscal year ending March 31, 1996. Upon payment of such bonuses to Spinco Bonus Employees, Spinco shall submit to Parent a statement showing the individual and aggregate bonus amounts paid to Spinco Bonus Employees, and Parent shall thereupon promptly pay to Spinco (or cause the Company to pay to Spinco) the aggregate amount of bonuses so paid; provided, that if the consummation of the Offer occurs prior to March 31, 1996, the amount of such reimbursement shall be a prorated amount of the aggregate bonus amounts so paid, based on a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days of the Company's fiscal year ending March 31, 1996 which had elapsed as of the consummation of the Offer, and the denominator of which is 365. (iii) The aggregate amount of discretionary bonuses payable to all Company Bonus Employees and Spinco Bonus Employees as a group for the fiscal year ending March 31, 1996 shall not exceed a dollar amount to be mutually agreed to by the Chief Executive Officer of Parent and the Chief Executive Officer of Spinco; provided, that in the event the Chief Executive Officer of Parent and the Chief Executive Officer of Spinco cannot agree on such dollar amount, the maximum aggregate amount of discretionary bonuses payable to Company Bonus Employees and Spinco Bonus Employees shall be based on the aggregate amount of discretionary bonuses paid to all such employees for the Company's fiscal year ending March 31, 1995, increased by a percentage equal to the average of the percentage increases in discretionary bonuses paid to all such employees over the Company's three fiscal years ending March 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995. (d) Pursuant to the "change of control" provisions of the Restated Employment Agreement between the Company and Bernard L. Schwartz dated April 1, 1990, as amended June 14, 1994, the Company shall, subject to the following sentences of this Section 6.8(d), make a cash payment to Mr. Schwartz upon consummation of the Offer, calculated in accordance with such agreement, less $18 million. The Company also may make a cash payment of a bonus (inclusive of the amount paid to Mr. Schwartz pursuant to the preceding sentence, the "TRANSACTION BONUS") to Transaction Bonus Employees (as defined below) other than Mr. Schwartz; provided, that the aggregate Transaction Bonus paid shall not exceed $40 million; and provided further, that the Transaction Bonus payable to any Transaction Bonus Employee shall not exceed the maximum amount which can be paid at such time without such amounts being treated as "excess parachute payments" within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code, taking into account all payments made on or prior to the time the Transaction Bonus is paid (including the value of accelerated vesting of stock options or restricted shares granted under the 1987 Plan determined in accordance with proposed regulations promulgated under Section 280G of the Code) which constitute parachute payments for purposes of Section 280G of the Code. The Transaction Bonus may be paid by the Company, in its discretion, prior to, on or immediately following, the date the Offer is consummated. "TRANSACTION BONUS EMPLOYEE" means Mr. Schwartz and each person employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries on or prior to the date the Offer is consummated who is selected by Mr. Schwartz to receive a Transaction Bonus. (e) The Company may provide for employment protection payments to be made to certain Company employees upon qualifying terminations of employment pursuant to "Employment Protection Agreements" and 22 an "Employment Protection Plan," (each substantially in the forms attached hereto as Exhibits C and D, respectively; together, the "EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION ARRANGEMENTS") occurring after a change in control of the Company; provided, that (i) neither the execution of this Agreement and the Distribution Agreement, nor any transaction contemplated thereby, shall constitute a change in control of the Company for any purpose under the Employment Protection Arrangements or give rise to any rights thereunder and (ii) the Employment Protection Arrangements shall terminate as of the consummation of the Offer and no rights thereunder shall continue after the consummation of the Offer. SECTION 6.9. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS. (a) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall adopt a severance plan substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit E (the "SUPPLEMENTAL SEVERANCE PLAN") covering up to 150 employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries selected by the Company prior to the Effective Time. (b) Except with respect to accruals under any defined benefit pension plans, Parent will, or will cause the Company to, give Retained Employees full credit for purposes of eligibility, vesting and determination of the level of benefits under any employee benefit plans or arrangements maintained by the Parent, the Company or any Subsidiary of Parent or Company for such Retained Employees' service with the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company to the same extent recognized by the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time. Parent will, or will cause the Company to, (i) waive all limitations as to pre-existing conditions exclusions and waiting periods with respect to participation and coverage requirements applicable to the Retained Employees under any welfare plans that such employees may be eligible to participate in after the Effective Time, other than limitations or waiting periods that are already in effect with respect to such employees and that have not been satisfied as of the Effective Time under any welfare plan maintained for the Retained Employees immediately prior to the Effective Time, and (ii) provide each Retained Employee with credit for any co-payments and deductibles paid prior to the Effective Time in satisfying any applicable deductible or out-of-pocket requirements under any welfare plans that such employees are eligible to participate in after the Effective Time. SECTION 6.10. ANCILLARY AGREEMENTS; SPIN-OFF. (a) Simultaneously with the execution hereof, the Company and certain of its Subsidiaries are entering into the Distribution Agreement. Immediately prior to the Record Date, the Company, Spinco and certain other parties will enter into the Tax Sharing Agreement. From and after the Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to perform any and all obligations and agreements of the Company set forth herein or in the Ancillary Agreements or in any other agreements contemplated herein or therein. (b) Parent and Purchaser accept and agree that, subject to the provisions of the Distribution Agreement, the form of certificate of incorporation and by- laws of Spinco adopted in contemplation of the Spin-Off shall be as agreed to by the Company and Spinco in their sole discretion; provided, that nothing in the certificates of incorporation and by-laws shall adversely affect or otherwise limit (i) Spinco's ability to perform its obligations under the Ancillary Agreements or the other agreements contemplated by the Distribution Agreement or (ii) the Company's or its affiliates' rights under the Stockholders Agreement. (c) In no event shall Parent or Purchaser or any of their Subsidiaries be entitled to receive any shares of Spinco Common Stock as a distribution with respect to Shares purchased upon consummation of the Offer. If, for any reason, any shares of Spinco Common Stock distributed in the Spin-Off are received by Parent or Purchaser or any of their Subsidiaries with respect to Shares acquired by Purchaser in the Offer, then Parent or Purchaser shall convey, on behalf of the Company, such shares of Spinco to the stockholders of the Company who would have otherwise received such shares of Spinco pursuant to the Distribution Agreement; provided, that the foregoing provisions shall not apply with respect to Shares held by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof. (d) If the Company reasonably determines that the Spin-Off may not be effected without registering the shares of common stock of Spinco to be distributed in the Spin-Off pursuant to the Securities Act, the Company, 23 Parent and Purchaser, as promptly as practicable, shall use their respective best efforts to cause the shares of Spinco to be registered pursuant to the Securities Act and thereafter effect the Spin-Off in accordance with the terms of the Distribution Agreement including, without limitation, by preparing and filing on an appropriate form a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of Spinco and using their respective best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective and preparing and making such other filings as may be required under applicable state securities Laws. (e) Parent shall, and shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, treat the Spin-Off for purposes of all federal and state taxes as an integrated transaction with the Offer and the Merger and thus report the Spin-Off as a constructive redemption of a number of Shares equal in value to the value of the Spinco Common Stock distributed in the Spin-Off. SECTION 6.11. RETAINED BUSINESS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. The Company will forthwith prepare, and retain Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. to audit, balance sheets for the Retained Business as at March 31, 1993, March 31, 1994, March 31, 1995 and the Effective Time, together with statements of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (collectively, the "RETAINED BUSINESS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS"). The Company hereby agrees to use its best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all action, and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable to assist and otherwise cause Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. to complete the audit of the Retained Business Financial Statements as promptly as reasonably practicable, but in no event later than 45 days after the date of this Agreement; provided, that with respect to the period ended the Effective Time, the information will be provided no later than 15 days prior to the latest date on which Parent may file a Current Report on Form 8-K with respect to the Merger and still be in compliance with the regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Exchange Act. The Company will pay the fees and expenses for auditing the Retained Business Financial Statements. The Company also agrees to provide promptly to Parent such quarterly unaudited financial information relating to the Retained Business and covering the period ending December 31, 1995 and the quarterly and annual periods following the date hereof within five days after the filing by the Company with the SEC of its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and Annual Report on Form 10-K, as the case may be. SECTION 6.12. REDEMPTION OF RIGHTS. At Parent's request, the Company will take such action as Parent may request to effectuate the redemption, at any time before the purchase by Purchaser pursuant to the Offer of at least a majority of the outstanding Shares, of the Rights (as defined in the Rights Agreement). SECTION 6.13. PRE-CLOSING CONSULTATION. Following the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall designate a senior officer of the Company (the "COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE") to consult with an officer of Parent designated by Parent (the "PARENT REPRESENTATIVE") with respect to major business decisions to be made concerning the operation of the Retained Business. Such consultation shall be made on as frequent a basis as may be reasonably requested by Parent. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the agreements set forth in this Section 6.13 shall be subject to any restrictions or limitations required under applicable Law. SECTION 6.14. INDEMNIFICATION. (a) From and after the Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the present and former officers, directors, employees and agents of the Company and its Subsidiaries (the "INDEMNIFIED PARTIES") against all losses, claims, damages, expenses or liabilities arising out of or related to actions or omissions or alleged actions or omissions occurring at or prior to the Effective Time to the same extent and on the same terms and conditions (including with respect to advancement of expenses) provided for in the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws and agreements in effect as of December 31, 1995 (to the extent consistent with applicable Law), which provisions will survive the Merger and continue in full force and effect after the Effective Time. Without limiting the foregoing, (i) Parent shall, and shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, periodically advance expenses (including attorney's fees) as incurred by an Indemnified Person with respect to the foregoing to the full extent permitted under the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws in effect on the date hereof (to the extent consistent with applicable Law) and (ii) any determination required to be made with respect to whether an Indemnified Party shall be 24 entitled to indemnification shall, if requested by such Indemnified Party, be made by independent legal counsel selected by the Surviving Corporation and reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party. Parent hereby guarantees the obligation of the Surviving Corporation provided for under this Section 6.14(a); provided, that the guarantee obligation of Parent provided for herein shall, in the aggregate, be limited to an amount equal to the Net Worth of the Company. "NET WORTH OF THE COMPANY" means an amount equal to (i) the aggregate value of the consolidated assets of the Retained Business less (ii) the aggregate value of the consolidated liabilities of the Retained Business, each as reflected on the books and records of the Company as of the most recent quarterly period ended prior to the date of the consummation of the Offer. (b) For a period of six years after the Effective Time, Parent shall use reasonable efforts to cause to be maintained in effect the current policies of directors and officers liability insurance maintained by the Company (provided that Parent may substitute therefor policies with reputable and financially sound carriers of at least the same coverage and amounts containing terms and conditions which are no less advantageous) with respect to claims arising from or related to facts or events which occurred at or before the Effective Time; provided, that Parent shall not be obligated to make annual premium payments for such insurance to the extent such premiums exceed 150% of the annual premiums paid as of the date hereof by the Company for such insurance (the "MAXIMUM AMOUNT"). If the amount of the annual premiums necessary to maintain or procure such insurance coverage exceeds the Maximum Amount, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall maintain the most advantageous policies of directors, and officers' insurance obtainable for an annual premium equal to the Maximum Amount. (c) The provisions of this Section 6.14 are intended to be for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable by, each Indemnified Party, his or her heirs and his or her representatives. SECTION 6.15 BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF PARENT. Upon the consummation of the Offer or as soon as practicable thereafter, Parent shall use its best efforts and take all reasonable steps to cause (a) Bernard L. Schwartz to be appointed a member and Vice Chairman and Frank C. Lanza to be appointed a member, of the Board of Directors of Parent; and (b) the bylaws of Parent to be amended to modify the eligibility requirements of directors to permit Mr. Schwartz to continue to be eligible to serve as a director through 2001, without prejudice or commitment with respect to any further continuation of eligibility thereafter. SECTION 6.16 STANDSTILL PROVISIONS. The restrictions on Parent and its affiliates contained in the Standstill Provisions (as defined in Section 6.2(a) hereof) (the "RESTRICTIONS") are hereby waived and Parent and Purchaser are hereby released therefrom (a) as of and after the date hereof to the extent necessary to permit Parent and Purchaser to comply with their respective obligations and to enable Parent and Purchaser to exercise any of their respective rights, under or as contemplated by this Agreement; and (b) as of and after the termination of this Agreement (other than by the Company pursuant to Section 8.1(f) hereof) if at such time or thereafter there is proposed a Third Party Acquisition (as defined in Section 8.3(b) hereof); provided, that the Restrictions shall not be waived under this Section 6.16(b) with respect to any proposal by Parent, Purchaser and their affiliates to acquire, directly or indirectly, both the Retained Business and all or substantially all of the Spinco Business, whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise, unless the proposed Third Party Acquisition also contemplates a transaction or series of transactions in which both the Retained Business and all or substantially all of the Spinco Business would be acquired, directly or indirectly, by the Third Party or its affiliates. SECTION 6.17 EFFECTIVENESS OF RIGHTS AGREEMENT. On or before January 10, 1996 the Company shall execute and deliver, and cause a person qualified to be the Rights Agent under the Rights Agreement to execute and deliver, each of the Rights Agreement and the Rights Amendment so that each shall be valid and binding agreements of the Company. 25 ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS TO CONSUMMATION OF THE MERGER SECTION 7.1. CONDITIONS TO EACH PARTY'S OBLIGATION TO EFFECT THE MERGER. The respective obligation of each party to effect the Merger is subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions: (a) This Agreement shall have been adopted by the affirmative vote of the stockholders of the Company by the requisite vote in accordance with applicable Law, if required by applicable Law; (b) No statute, rule, regulation, order, decree, or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or enforced by any court or governmental authority which prohibits or restricts the consummation of the Merger; (c) Any waiting period applicable to the Merger under the Antitrust Laws shall have terminated or expired and all approvals required under the Antitrust Laws shall have been received; (d) The Spin-Off shall have been consummated in all material respects; and (e) The Offer shall not have been terminated in accordance with its terms prior to the purchase of any Shares. SECTION 7.2. CONDITIONS TO THE OBLIGATION OF THE COMPANY TO EFFECT THE MERGER. The obligation of the Company to effect the Merger is further subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions: (a) The representations and warranties of Parent and Purchaser contained in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects at and as of the Effective Time as if made at and as of such time; and (b) Each of Parent and Purchaser shall have performed in all material respects its obligations under this Agreement required to be performed by it at or prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the terms hereof. Parent and Purchaser will furnish the Company with such certificates and other documents to evidence the fulfillment of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.2 as the Company may reasonably request. SECTION 7.3. CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF PARENT AND PURCHASER TO EFFECT THE MERGER. The obligations of Parent and Purchaser to effect the Merger are further subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions: (a) The representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects at and as of the Effective Time as if made at and as such time; (b) The Company shall have delivered to Purchaser and (i) Bank of America, Illinois (formerly known as Continental Bank, National Association), one or more opinions of counsel acceptable to Bank of America, Illinois, stating that the Merger complies with (A) Article IV of the Indenture dated as of January 15, 1992 between the Company and Continental Bank, National Association, as trustee; and (B) Article Nine of the Indenture dated as of September 1, 1993 between the Company and Continental Bank, National Association, as trustee, as supplemented by a First Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 1, 1994 between the Company and Continental Bank, National Association, as trustee; and (ii) NationsBank of Georgia, National Association, an opinion of counsel acceptable to NationsBank of Georgia, National Association, stating that the Merger complies with Article Nine of the Indenture dated as of November 1, 1992 between the Company and NationsBank of Georgia, National Association, as trustee (collectively, the "PUBLIC INDENTURE MERGER OPINIONS"); (c) The Company shall have performed in all material respects each of its obligations under this Agreement required to be performed by it at or prior to the Effective Time pursuant to the terms hereof. 26 The Company will furnish Parent and Purchaser with such certificates and other documents to evidence the fulfillment of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.3 as Parent or Purchaser may reasonably request. SECTION 7.4. EXCEPTION. The conditions set forth in Sections 7.2 and 7.3 hereof shall cease to be conditions to the obligations of any of the parties hereto if Purchaser shall have accepted for payment and paid for Shares validly tendered pursuant to the Offer or if Purchaser fails to accept for payment any Shares pursuant to the Offer in violation of the terms thereof. ARTICLE VIII TERMINATION; AMENDMENT; WAIVER SECTION 8.1. TERMINATION. This Agreement may be terminated and the Offer and the Merger may be abandoned at any time (notwithstanding approval of the Merger by the stockholders of the Company) prior to the Effective Time: (a) by mutual written consent of Parent, Purchaser and the Company; (b) by Parent, Purchaser or the Company if any court of competent jurisdiction in the United States or other United States governmental body shall have issued a final order, decree or ruling or taken any other final action restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the consummation of the Offer, the Spin-Off or the Merger and such order, decree, ruling or other action is or shall have become nonappealable; (c) by Parent or Purchaser if due to an occurrence or circumstance which would result in a failure to satisfy any of the conditions set forth in Exhibit B hereto, Purchaser shall have (i) failed to commence the Offer within the time required by Regulation 14D under the Exchange Act, (ii) terminated the Offer or (iii) failed to pay for Shares pursuant to the Offer prior to June 30, 1996; (d) by the Company if (i) there shall not have been a material breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement on the part of the Company and Purchaser shall have (A) failed to commence the Offer within the time required by Regulation 14D under the Exchange Act, (B) terminated the Offer or (C) failed to pay for Shares pursuant to the Offer prior to June 30, 1996 or (ii) prior to the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, a Third Party shall have made a bona fide offer that the Board of Directors of the Company by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment and in the exercise of its fiduciary duties, based as to legal matters on the written opinion of legal counsel, is a Higher Offer (as defined in Section 8.3(b) hereof); provided, that such termination under this clause (ii) shall not be effective until payment of the fee required by Section 8.3(a) hereof; (e) by Parent or Purchaser prior to the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, if (i) there shall have been a breach of any representation or warranty on the part of the Company or Spinco under either this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement having a Material Adverse Effect or materially adversely affecting (or materially delaying) the consummation of the Offer, (ii) there shall have been a breach of any covenant or agreement on the part of the Company or Spinco under either this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement resulting in a Material Adverse Effect or materially adversely affecting (or materially delaying) the consummation of the Offer, which shall not have been cured prior to the earlier of (A) 10 days following notice of such breach and (B) two Business Days prior to the date on which the Offer expires, (iii) the Company shall engage in Active Negotiations (as defined in Section 8.3(b) hereof) with a Third Party with respect to a Third Party Acquisition (as defined in Section 8.3(b) hereof), (iv) the Board of Directors of the Company shall have withdrawn or modified (including by amendment of Schedule 14D-9) in a manner adverse to Purchaser its approval or recommendation of the Offer, the Spin-Off, the Merger, this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement, shall have recommended to the Company's stockholders another offer, shall have authorized the redemption of any Rights (whether or not in accordance with Section 6.1(k) hereof) after the Company's receipt of an Acquisition Proposal or shall have adopted any resolution to effect any of the foregoing or (v) there shall not have been validly tendered and not 27 withdrawn prior to the expiration of the Offer at least two-thirds of the Shares, determined on a fully diluted basis, and on or prior to such date an entity or group (other than Parent or Purchaser) shall have made and not withdrawn a proposal with respect to a Third Party Acquisition; or (f) by the Company if (i) there shall have been a breach of any representation or warranty in this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement on the part of Parent or Purchaser which materially adversely affects (or materially delays) the consummation of the Offer or (ii) there shall have been a material breach of any covenant or agreement in this Agreement or the Distribution Agreement on the part of Parent or Purchaser which materially adversely affects (or materially delays) the consummation of the Offer which shall not have been cured prior to the earliest of (A) 10 days following notice of such breach and (B) two Business Days prior to the date on which the Offer expires. SECTION 8.2 EFFECT OF TERMINATION. In the event of the termination and abandonment of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1, this Agreement shall forthwith become void and have no effect, without any Liability on the part of any party hereto or its affiliates, directors, officers or shareholders, other than the provisions of this Section 8.2 and Sections 6.3(b), 6.14, 8.3, 9.3 and 9.11 hereof. Nothing contained in this Section 8.2 shall relieve any party from Liability for any breach of this Agreement. SECTION 8.3 FEES AND EXPENSES. (a) If: (i) Parent or Purchaser terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(e)(ii), (iii) or (v) hereof and within 12 months thereafter the Company enters into an agreement with respect to a Third Party Acquisition, or a Third Party Acquisition occurs, involving any party (or any affiliate thereof) (A) with whom the Company (or its agents) had negotiations with a view to a Third Party Acquisition, (B) to whom the Company (or its agents) furnished information with a view to a Third Party Acquisition or (C) who had submitted a proposal or expressed an interest in a Third Party Acquisition, in the case of each of clauses (A), (B) and (C) after the date hereof and prior to such termination; or (ii) Parent or Purchaser terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(e)(iii) or (v) hereof and, within 12 months thereafter, a Third Party Acquisition shall occur involving a Higher Offer; or (iii) Parent or Purchaser terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(e)(iv) hereof; or (iv) the Company terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(ii) hereof; then, in each case, the Company shall pay to Parent, within one Business Day following the execution and delivery of such agreement or such occurrence, as the case may be, or simultaneously with such determination pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(ii), a fee, in cash, of $175 million; provided, that the Company in no event shall be obligated to pay more than one such $175 million fee with respect to all such agreements and occurrences and such termination. (b) "ACTIVE NEGOTIATIONS" means negotiations with a Third Party that has proposed a Third Party Acquisition or made an Acquisition Proposal, or with such Third Party's agents or representatives with respect to the substance of such Third Party Acquisition or Acquisition Proposal, but will not include (x) communications in connection with, or constituting, the furnishing of information pursuant to a confidentiality agreement as contemplated by Section 6.2(a) hereof or (y) communications that include no more than an explicit bona fide rejection of such proposal and a very brief statement of the reasons therefor. "THIRD PARTY ACQUISITION" means the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the acquisition of the Company by merger or otherwise by any person (which includes for these purposes a "person" as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) or entity other than Parent, Purchaser or any affiliate thereof (a "THIRD PARTY"); (ii) the acquisition by a Third Party of more than 30% of the total Assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (iii) the acquisition by a Third Party of 30% or more of the outstanding Shares; (iv) the adoption by the Company of a plan of liquidation or the declaration or payment of an extraordinary dividend; or (v) the purchase by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of more than 20% of the outstanding Shares. "HIGHER OFFER" means any Third Party Acquisition which reflects a higher value for the Shares than the aggregate value being provided 28 pursuant to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements including, without limitation, the shares of Spinco Common Stock distributed in the Spin-Off. Prior to the termination of this Agreement by the Company pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(ii) hereof, the Board of Directors shall provide a reasonable opportunity to a nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by Parent, Purchaser or their designee (the "IB") to evaluate the proposed Third Party Acquisition, to determine whether it is a Higher Offer and to advise the Board of Directors of the Company of the basis for and results of its determination. The Company agrees to cooperate and cause the Company's financial advisors to cooperate with the IB (including, without limitation, providing the IB with full access to all such information which the IB deems relevant and which the IB agrees to keep confidential) to the extent reasonably requested by the IB. The fees and expenses incurred by the IB shall be paid by Parent. Nothing contained in this Section 8.3(b) shall prevent Parent and Purchaser from challenging, by injunction or otherwise, the termination or attempted termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 8.3(d)(ii) hereof. (c) If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Sections 8.1(e)(i) or 8.1(e)(ii) (the "DESIGNATED TERMINATION PROVISIONS") or Parent is entitled to receive the $175 million fee under Section 8.3(a) hereof, then the Company shall reimburse Parent, Purchaser and their affiliates (not later than one Business Day after submission of statements therefore) for actual documented out-of-pocket fees and expenses, not to exceed $45 million, actually incurred by any of them or on their behalf in connection with the Offer, the proposed Merger and the proposed Spin-Off and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Distribution Agreement (including, without limitation, fees payable to financing sources, investment bankers (including to the IB), counsel to any of the foregoing and Accountants), whether incurred prior to or after the date hereof. The Company shall in any event pay the amount requested (not to exceed $45 million) within one Business Day of such request, subject to the Company's right to demand a return of any portion as to which invoices are not received in due course. (d) Except as specifically provided in this Section 8.3 and except as otherwise specifically provided in the Distribution Agreement, each party shall bear its own respective expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement, the Offer and the Merger, including, without limitation, the preparation, execution and performance of this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and all fees and expenses of investment bankers, finders, brokers, agents, representatives, counsel and accountants. (e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, upon payment by the Company of the amounts referred to in this Section 8.3(a), the Company shall be released from all Liability hereunder, including any Liability for any claims by Parent, Purchaser or any of their affiliates based upon or arising out of any breach of this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement. The parties agree that reimbursement of Parent's expenses pursuant to Section 8.3(c) hereof in connection with a termination of this Agreement pursuant to any of the Designated Termination Provisions does not constitute the payment of liquidated damages and, except to the extent of the payment thereunder, shall not limit the Liability of the Company for any claims by Parent, Purchaser or any of their affiliates based upon or arising out of any breach of this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement. SECTION 8.4. AMENDMENT. This Agreement may be amended by action taken by the Company, Parent and Purchaser at any time before or after adoption of the Merger by the stockholders of the Company, if any; provided that (a) in the event that any persons designated by Parent pursuant to Section 1.4 hereof (such directors are hereinafter referred to as the "DESIGNATED DIRECTORS") constitute in their entirety a majority of the Company's Board of Directors, no amendment shall be made which decreases the cash price per Share or which adversely affects the rights of the Company's stockholders hereunder without the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors (as hereafter defined) if at the time there shall be any Continuing Directors and (b) after the date of adoption of the Merger by the stockholders of the Company, no amendment shall be made which decreases the cash price per Share or which adversely affects the rights of the Company's stockholders hereunder without the approval of such stockholders. This Agreement may not be amended except by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of the parties. For purposes hereof, the term "CONTINUING DIRECTOR" shall mean (a) any member of the Board of Directors of the Company as of the date hereof, (b) any member of the Board of 29 Directors of the Company who is unaffiliated with, and not a Designated Director or other nominee of, Parent or Purchaser or their respective Subsidiaries, and (c) any successor of a Continuing Director who is (i) unaffiliated with, and not a Designated Director or other nominee of, Parent or Purchaser or their respective Subsidiaries and (ii) recommended to succeed a Continuing Director by a majority of the Continuing Directors then on the Board of Directors. SECTION 8.5. EXTENSION; WAIVER. At any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties may (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other parties hereto, (b) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of the other parties contained herein or in any document, certificate or writing delivered pursuant hereto or (c) waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions of the other parties hereto contained herein; provided that (x) in the event that any Designated Directors constitute in their entirety a majority of the Company's Board of Directors, no extensions or waivers shall be made which adversely affect the rights of the Company's stockholders hereunder without the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors if at the time there shall be any Continuing Directors and (y) after the date of adoption of the Merger by the stockholders of the Company, no extensions or waivers shall be made which adversely affect the rights of the Company's stockholders hereunder without the approval of such stockholders. Any agreement on the part of any party to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf of such party. ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 9.1. SURVIVAL. Except as otherwise expressly set forth in the Distribution Agreement, the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements made herein shall not survive beyond the Effective Time; provided, that the covenants and agreements contained in Sections 2.7, 2.10, 3.1, 3.2, 6.3(b), 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.14, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 9.3, 9.5 and 9.11 hereof shall survive beyond the Effective Time without limitation. SECTION 9.2. ENTIRE AGREEMENT. Except for the provisions of the Confidentiality Agreement which shall continue in full force and effect, this Agreement (including the schedules and exhibits and the agreements and other documents referred to herein, including, without limitation, the Ancillary Agreements) constitutes the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all other prior negotiations, commitments, agreements and understandings, both written and oral, between the parties or any of them with respect to the subject matter hereof. SECTION 9.3. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Laws of the State of New York (regardless of the Laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts Law) as to all matters, including, without limitation, matters of validity, construction, effect, performance and remedies. SECTION 9.4. NOTICES. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given upon (a) transmitter's confirmation of a receipt of a facsimile transmission, (b) confirmed delivery by a standard overnight carrier or when delivered by hand or (c) the expiration of five Business Days after the day when mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, addressed at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice): (a) If to the Parent or Purchaser, to: Lockheed Martin Corporation 6801 Rockledge Drive Bethesda, Maryland 20817 Telephone: (301) 897-6125 Telecopy: (301) 897-6333 Attention: General Counsel 30 with a copy to: O'Melveny & Myers 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 326-2000 Telecopy: (212) 326-2061 Attention: C. Douglas Kranwinkle, Esq. Jeffrey J. Rosen, Esq. and to: Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom 919 Third Avenue New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 735-3000 Telecopy: (212) 735-2001 Attention: Peter Allan Atkins, Esq. Lou R. Kling, Esq. (b) If to the Company, to: Loral Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, New York 10016 Telephone: (212) 697-1105 Telecopy: (212) 661-8988 Attention: General Counsel with a copy to: Willkie Farr & Gallagher 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 821-8000 Telecopy: (212) 821-8111 Attention: Robert B. Hodes, Esq. Bruce R. Kraus, Esq. SECTION 9.5. SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS; NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns, but neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by either party (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the other party; provided, that Parent may assign its rights and obligations hereunder or those of Purchaser to Parent or any subsidiary of Parent, and Spinco may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to any successor to Spinco, but in each case no such assignment shall relieve Parent, Purchaser or Spinco, as the case may be, of its obligations hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto, and except for Sections 2.7, 2.10, 6.8 and 6.10 hereof nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other person any rights, benefits or remedies of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement. SECTION 9.6. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. SECTION 9.7. INTERPRETATION. The descriptive headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Except as 31 otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, as used in this Agreement, the term "person" shall have the meaning assigned to that term in the Distribution Agreement. SECTION 9.8. SCHEDULES. The Disclosure Schedule shall be construed with and as an integral part of this Agreement to the same extent as if the same had been set forth verbatim herein. SECTION 9.9. LEGAL ENFORCEABILITY. Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without affecting the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof. Any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. If any provision of this Agreement is so broad as to be unenforceable, the provision shall be interpreted to be only so broad as is enforceable. SECTION 9.10. SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that in the event of any breach of this Agreement, each non- breaching party would be irreparably and immediately harmed and could not be made whole by monetary damages. It is accordingly agreed that the parties hereto (a) will waive, in any action for specific performance, the defense of adequacy of a remedy at law and (b) shall be entitled, in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled at law or in equity, to compel specific performance of this Agreement in any action instituted in any state or federal court sitting in New York. The parties hereto consent to personal jurisdiction in any such action brought in any state or federal court sitting in New York and to service of process upon it in the manner set forth in Section 9.4 hereof. SECTION 9.11. BROKERAGE FEES AND COMMISSIONS. Except as set forth in Sections 4.18 and 5.6, the Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent with respect to the Company, and Parent hereby represents and warrants to the Company with respect to Parent and Purchaser, that no person or entity is entitled to receive from the Company or Parent and Purchaser, respectively, any investment banking, brokerage or finder's fee or fees for financial consulting or advisory services in connection with this Agreement and Plan of Merger or any of the transactions contemplated hereby. [The remainder of this page has been left blank intentionally.] 32 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has caused this Agreement and Plan of Merger to be executed on its behalf by its officers thereunto duly authorized, all as of the day and year first above written. Loral Corporation By: /s/ Michael B. Targoff ---------------------------------- Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President Lockheed Martin Corporation By: /s/ Marcus C. Bennett ---------------------------------- Name: Marcus C. Bennett Title: Senior Vice President LAC Acquisition Corporation By: /s/ Frank H. Menaker, Jr. ---------------------------------- Name: Frank H. Menaker, Jr. Title: Vice President 33 EXHIBITS Exhibit A............................... Tax Sharing Agreement Exhibit B............................... Conditions to Offer Exhibit C............................... Form of Employment Protection Agreement Exhibit D............................... Employment Protection Plan Exhibit E............................... Supplemental Severance Program
EXHIBIT A Form of Tax Sharing Agreement, dated as of , 1996 by and among Loral Corporation, Loral Telecommunications Acquisition, Inc., Lockheed Martin Corporation and LAC Acquisition Corporation--Filed as Exhibit (C)(5) to the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 dated January 12, 1996. EXHIBIT B CONDITIONS OF THE OFFER Notwithstanding any other provision of the Offer, Purchaser shall not be required to accept for payment or pay for, and may delay the acceptance for payment of (whether or not the Shares have theretofore been accepted for payment), or the payment for, any Shares tendered, and may terminate or extend the Offer and not accept for payment any Shares, if: (i) immediately prior to the expiration of the Offer (as extended in accordance with the terms of the Offer), (A) any applicable waiting period under the Antitrust Laws shall not have expired or been terminated or any approvals required under the EC Merger Regulations shall not have been received, (B) the Record Date for the distribution of shares of Spinco common stock to stockholders of the Company pursuant to the Distribution Agreement shall not have been set by the Company's Board of Directors, (C) the Public Indenture Merger Opinions shall not have been delivered to Purchaser and the applicable Public Indenture trustees, or (D) the number of Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn when added to the Shares then beneficially owned by Parent does not constitute two-thirds of the Shares then outstanding and represent two-thirds of the voting power of the Shares then outstanding on a fully diluted basis on the date of purchase; OR (ii) on or after the date of this Agreement and prior to the acceptance for payment of Shares, any of the following conditions exist: (a) any of the representations or warranties of the Company contained in the Merger Agreement shall not have been true and correct at the date when made or (except for those representations and warranties made as of a particular date which need only be true and correct as of such date) shall cease to be true and correct at any time prior to consummation of the Offer, except where the failure to be so true and correct would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; provided, that if any such failure to be so true and correct is curable by the Company through the exercise of its reasonable efforts, then Purchaser may not terminate the Offer under this subsection (a) until 10 Business Days after written notice thereof has been given to the Company by Parent or Purchaser and unless at such time the matter has not been cured; or (b) any of the representations or warranties of Spinco contained in the Distribution Agreement shall not have been true and correct at the date when made or (except for those representations and warranties made as of a particular date which need only be true and correct as of such date) shall cease to be true and correct at any time prior to consummation of the Offer, except where the failure to be so true and correct would not individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; provided that, if any such failure to be so true and correct is curable by Spinco through the exercise of its reasonable efforts, then Purchaser may not terminate the Offer under this subsection (b) until 10 Business Days after written notice thereof has been given to the Company by Parent or Purchaser and unless at such time the matter has not been cured; or (c) the Company shall have breached any of its covenants or agreements contained in the Merger Agreement, except for any such breaches that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect; provided that, if any such breach is curable by the Company through the exercise of its reasonable efforts, then Purchaser may not terminate the Offer under this subsection (c) until 10 Business Days after written notice thereof has been given to the Company by Parent or Purchaser and unless at such time the breach has not been cured; or (d) Spinco or the Company shall have breached any of its covenants or agreements contained in the Distribution Agreement, except for any such breaches that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect; provided, that if any such breach is curable by Spinco or the Company through the exercise of its reasonable efforts, then Purchaser may not terminate the Offer under this subsection (d) until 10 Business Days after written notice thereof has been given to the Company or Spinco, as the case may be, by Parent or Purchaser and unless at such time the breach has not been cured; or B-1 (e) there shall have been any statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order or injunction promulgated, enacted, entered, enforced or deemed applicable to the Offer, or any other legal action shall have been taken, by any state, federal or foreign government or governmental authority or by any U.S. court, other than the routine application to the Offer, the Merger or the Spin-Off of waiting periods under the HSR Act, that presents a substantial likelihood of (1) making the acceptance for payment of, or the payment for, some or all of the Shares illegal or otherwise prohibiting, restricting or significantly delaying consummation of the Offer, (2) imposing material limitations on the ability of Purchaser or Parent to acquire or hold or to exercise any rights of ownership of the Shares, or effectively to manage or control the Retained Business, the Company, the Retained Subsidiaries, Purchaser or any of their respective affiliates, which individually or in the aggregate could constitute a Significant Adverse Effect; or (f) any fact or circumstance exists or shall have occurred that has a Material Adverse Effect; or (g) there shall have occurred (1) any general suspension of trading in, or limitation on prices for, securities on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., (2) the declaration of a banking moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United States (whether or not mandatory), (3) the commencement of a war, armed hostilities or other international or national calamity directly or indirectly involving the United States and having a Material Adverse Effect or materially adversely affecting (or materially delaying) the consummation of the Offer, (4) any limitation or proposed limitation (whether or not mandatory) by any U.S. governmental authority or agency, or any other event, that materially adversely affects generally the extension of credit by banks or other financial institutions, (5) from the date of the Merger Agreement through the date of termination or expiration of the Offer, a decline of at least 25% in the Standard & Poor's 500 Index or (6) in the case of any of the situations described in clauses (1) through (5) inclusive, existing at the date of the commencement of the Offer, a material acceleration, escalation or worsening thereof; or (h) any person (which includes a "person" as such term is defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) other than Purchaser, any of its affiliates, or any group of which any of them is a member shall have acquired beneficial ownership of more than 20% of the outstanding Shares or shall have entered into a definitive agreement or an agreement in principle with the Company with respect to a tender offer or exchange offer for any Shares or merger, consolidation or other business combination with or involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or (i) prior to the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, the Board of Directors of the Company shall have withdrawn or modified (including by amendment of the Schedule 14D-9) in a manner adverse to Purchaser its approval or recommendation of the Offer, this Agreement, the Merger or the Spin-Off, shall have recommended to the Company's stockholders another offer, shall have authorized the redemption of the Rights (whether or not in accordance with Section 6.1(k) hereof) after the Company has received an Acquisition Proposal or shall have adopted any resolution to effect any of the foregoing which, in the sole judgment of Purchaser in any such case, and regardless of the circumstances (including any action or omission by Purchaser) giving rise to any such condition, makes it inadvisable to proceed with such acceptance for payment; or (j) the Merger Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with its terms; or (k) the Record Date shall not have occurred; or (l) the conditions to the Spin-Off shall not have been satisfied or waived; OR (iii) Parent and Purchaser shall not have secured financing on terms reasonably acceptable to Parent to finance the purchase of all of the Shares at the Merger Price and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements; provided, that the condition set forth in this clause (iii) shall be a condition to Purchaser's obligations with respect to the Offer only if (A) the Offer has not been consummated on or before April 30, 1996, (B) Parent has not taken any significant action outside of the ordinary course of business, which prevents Parent from obtaining sufficient financing to purchase all of the Shares at the Merger Price and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements and (C) Parent and Purchaser are in substantial compliance with their respective material obligations under Sections 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6 of the Merger Agreement. B-2 The foregoing conditions are for the sole benefit of Purchaser and may be asserted by Purchaser regardless of the circumstances giving rise to such conditions, or may be waived by Purchaser in whole or in part at any time and from time to time in its sole discretion; provided, that the condition set forth in clause (ii)(j) above may be waived or modified only by the mutual consent of Purchaser and the Company. B-3 EXHIBIT C Form of Employment Protection Agreement of the Company--Filed as Exhibit (C) (6) to the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 dated January 12, 1996. EXHIBIT D Employment Protection Plan of the Company--Filed as Exhibit (C)(7) to the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 dated January 12, 1996. EXHIBIT E Supplemental Severance Program of the Company--Filed as Exhibit (C)(8) to the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 dated on January 12, 1996.
EX-99.8 9 RESTRUCTIONING, FINANCING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT Exhibit 99.8 Conformed Copy RESTRUCTURING, FINANCING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT dated as of January 7, 1996 by and among LORAL CORPORATION, LORAL AEROSPACE HOLDINGS, INC., LORAL AEROSPACE CORP., LORAL GENERAL PARTNER, INC., LORAL GLOBALSTAR, L.P., LORAL GLOBALSTAR LIMITED, LORAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACQUISITION, INC. (TO BE RENAMED "LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION") and LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page RECITALS................................................................... 1 ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS...................................................... 2 Section 1.1. General..................................................... 2 Section 1.2. References to Time.......................................... 19 ARTICLE II THE RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS....................... 19 Section 2.1. Transfers of Assets......................................... 19 Section 2.2. Methods of Transfer and Assumption.......................... 23 Section 2.3. Company Approval of Certain Spinco Actions; Formation of Spinco............................... 24 Section 2.4. Issuance of Spinco Stock to the Company..................... 25 Section 2.5. Treatment of Globalstar Bank Guarantee...................... 25 Section 2.6. Transfers of Spinco Capital Stock Subject to Rights of First Offer, Etc...................... 29 Section 2.7. Exchange of Lehman Preferred Stock.......................... 32 ARTICLE III THE DISTRIBUTION................................................. 32 Section 3.1. Cooperation Prior to the Distribution....................... 32 Section 3.2. The Distribution............................................ 35 Section 3.3. Termination of Certain Claims............................... 38 ARTICLE IV INTERCOMPANY BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS.............................. 39 Section 4.1. Settlement of Intercompany Accounts......................... 39 Section 4.2. Settlements for Cash Collections and Disbursements After the Distribution Date.................. 40 Section 4.3. Transition Services......................................... 41 Section 4.4. Termination of Intercompany Arrangements.................... 42 ARTICLE V SURVIVAL AND INDEMNIFICATION..................................... 43 Section 5.1. Survival of Agreements...................................... 43 Section 5.2. Spinco's Agreement to Indemnify............................. 43 Section 5.3. The Company's Agreement to Indemnify........................ 45 Section 5.4. Procedure for Indemnification............................... 47 Section 5.5. Miscellaneous Indemnification Provisions.................... 50 Section 5.6. Pending Litigation.......................................... 53 Section 5.7. Construction of Agreements.................................. 54 ARTICLE VI CERTAIN ADDITIONAL MATTERS....................................... 54 Section 6.1. Representations or Warranties; Disclaimers.................. 54
Page ---- Section 6.2. Further Assurances; Subsequent Transfers.................... 56 Section 6.3. The Spinco Board............................................ 59 Section 6.4. Use of Names................................................ 59 Section 6.5. Litigation Relating to Transaction.......................... 60 Section 6.6. Spinco Equity Arrangements.................................. 61 Section 6.7. Post-Closing Business Relationships......................... 61 Section 6.8. No Restrictions on Post-Closing Competitive Activities..................................... 64 Section 6.9. CCD Lawsuit................................................. 65 ARTICLE VII ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND SERVICES............................... 66 Section 7.1. Provision of Corporate Records.............................. 66 Section 7.2. Access to Information....................................... 66 Section 7.3. Production of Witnesses..................................... 67 Section 7.4. Retention of Records........................................ 67 Section 7.5. Confidentiality............................................. 68 ARTICLE VIII EMPLOYEE MATTERS................................................. 69 Section 8.1. Officers and Employees...................................... 69 Section 8.2. Employee Benefits........................................... 69 Section 8.3. Other Liabilities and Obligations........................... 75 Section 8.4. Preservation of Rights to Amend or Terminate Plans.......... 76 Section 8.5. Reimbursement; Indemnification.............................. 76 Section 8.6. Actions By Spinco........................................... 76 ARTICLE IX INSURANCE........................................................ 77 Section 9.1. General..................................................... 77 Section 9.2. Certain Insured Claims...................................... 77 ARTICLE X CONDITIONS; TERMINATION; AMENDMENTS; WAIVERS..................... 78 Section 10.1. Condition to Restructuring and Distribution................. 78 Section 10.2. Termination................................................. 80 Section 10.3. Amendments; Waivers......................................... 80 ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS.................................................... 80 Section 11.1. Survival of Indemnities; Release............................ 80 Section 11.2. Entire Agreement............................................ 81 Section 11.3. Fees and Expenses........................................... 82 Section 11.4. Governing Law............................................... 82 Section 11.5. Notices..................................................... 82 Section 11.6. Successors and Assigns; No Third Party Beneficiaries........ 84 Section 11.7. Counterparts................................................ 85 Section 11.8. Interpretation.............................................. 85
Page ---- Section 11.9. Schedules................................................... 85 Section 11.10. Legal Enforceability........................................ 85 Section 11.11. Consent to Jurisdiction..................................... 85 Section 11.12. Specific Performance........................................ 86
Exhibits - -------- Exhibit A Form of Spinco Stockholders Agreement Exhibit A-1 Globalstar Warrant Term Sheet Exhibit B Form of Spinco Preferred Stock Certificate of Designation Exhibit C Form of Spinco By-Laws Exhibit D Spinco Shareholder Rights Plan Exhibit E Spinco Employment Arrangements RESTRUCTURING, FINANCING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT -------------------------- RESTRUCTURING, FINANCING AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT, dated as of January 7, 1996, by and among Loral Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Company"), Loral Aerospace Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Holdings"), Loral Aerospace Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings ("Aerospace"), Loral General Partner, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Aerospace ("LGP"), Loral Globalstar, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership and a wholly-owned, indirect subsidiary of LGP ("LG"), Loral Globalstar Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of LGP ("Cayman"), Loral Telecommunications Acquisition, Inc. (to be renamed "Loral Space & Communications Corporation"), a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Spinco"), and Lockheed Martin Corporation, a Maryland corporation ("Parent"). RECITALS: -------- WHEREAS, each of the Boards of Directors of the Company, Holdings, Aerospace, LGP and Cayman, and the general partner of LG have determined to cause certain of the transfers and other transactions contemplated in connection with the Restructuring (as hereafter defined); WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company has also determined to cause the distribution of shares of Spinco Common Stock (as hereafter defined) to the holders as of the Record Date (as hereafter defined) of the Company Common Stock (as hereafter defined) and to the holders of certain Cancelled Company Options (as hereafter defined); WHEREAS, the Company and Spinco and the other parties hereto have determined that it is desirable to set forth the principal corporate transactions required to effect such transfers, share issuances and distribution and to set forth certain other agreements that will govern certain other matters prior to or following such distribution; WHEREAS, the Company has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (the "Merger Agreement"), with Parent and LAC Acquisition Corporation, a New York corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (the "Purchaser"), providing for the Offer and the Merger (each as hereafter defined), as a result of which the Company, as the corporation surviving the Merger, will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent; and WHEREAS, in order to induce the parties to enter into this Agreement and in consideration of the Company's willingness to enter into the Merger Agreement, the parties hereto and certain other parties are entering or will enter into the Tax Sharing Agreement and the Stockholders Agreement (such capitalized terms, as hereafter defined) providing for certain ongoing relationships among the parties; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the agreements, provisions and covenants contained herein, the parties hereto agree as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS ----------- Section 1.1. General. For convenience and brevity, certain terms used in various parts of this Agreement (including the Schedules) are listed in alphabetical order and defined or referred to below (such terms to be equally applicable to both singular and plural forms of the terms defined or referred to): "Action" means any action, claim, suit, arbitration, inquiry, proceeding or investigation by or before any court, any governmental or other regulatory or administrative agency or commission or any arbitration tribunal. "Adjusted GAAP" means, except as otherwise set forth in Section 1.1(a) of the Disclosure Schedule, U.S. generally accepted accounting principles as in effect on the date hereof, applied on a basis consistent with the Company Financial Statements. 2 "Aerospace" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Affiliate" of any specified person or entity means (x) any director or officer of, or any person or entity that beneficially owns at least 50% of the capital stock or other equity interests of, such specified person or entity, or (y) any other person or entity directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, such specified person or entity, at any time during the period for which the determination of affiliation is being made; provided that the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and Spinco and the Spinco Companies, on the other hand, shall not, after giving effect to the Restructuring, be deemed to be Affiliates of each other for purposes of this Agreement. "Agent" means the distribution agent appointed by the Company (subject to the prior written consent of Parent, which may not be unreasonably withheld) to distribute shares of Spinco Common Stock pursuant to the Distribution. "Agreement" means this Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement, together with all exhibits and schedules hereto, as the same may be amended from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof. "Asset" means, with respect to any party, except as otherwise provided herein, any and all of such party's right, title and interest in and to all of the rights, properties, assets, claims, contracts and businesses of every kind, character and description, whether real, personal or mixed, whether accrued, contingent or otherwise, and wherever located, owned or used primarily by such party and its subsidiaries, including, without limitation, the following: (i) all cash, cash equivalents, notes and accounts receivable (whether current or non-current); (ii) all certificates of deposit, banker's acceptances and other investment securities; (iii) all registered and unregistered trademarks, service marks, service names, trade styles and trade names (including, without limitation, trade dress and other names, marks and slogans) and all associated goodwill; all statutory, common law and registered copyrights; all patents; all applications for any of the foregoing together with all rights to use all of the foregoing and all other rights 3 in, to, and under the foregoing; all know-how, inventions, discoveries, improvements, processes, formulae (secret or otherwise), specifications, trade secrets, whether patentable or not, licenses and other similar agreements, confidential information, and all drawings, records, books or other indicia, however evidenced, of the foregoing; (iv) all rights existing under all Contracts and other business arrangements; (v) all real estate and all plants, buildings and other improvements thereon; (vi) all leasehold improvements and all machinery, equipment (including all transportation and office equipment), fixtures, trade fixtures and furniture; (vii) all office supplies, production supplies, spare parts, other miscellaneous supplies and other tangible property of any kind; (viii) all raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, consigned goods and other inventories; (ix) all computer hardware, software, computer programs and systems and documentation relating thereto; all databases and reference and resource materials; (x) all prepayments or prepaid expenses; (xi) all claims, causes of action, choices in action, rights of recovery and rights of set-off of any kind; (xii) the right to receive mail, accounts receivable payments and other communications; (xiii) all customer lists and records pertaining to customers and accounts, personnel records, all lists and records pertaining to suppliers and agents, and all books, ledgers, files and business records of every kind; (xiv) all advertising materials and all other printed or written materials; (xv) all permits, licenses, approvals and authorizations of governmental authorities or third parties relating to the ownership, possession or operation of the Assets; (xvi) all capital stock, partnership interests and other equity or ownership interests or rights, directly or indirectly, in any subsidiary or other entity; (xvii) all goodwill as a going concern and all other intangible properties; and (xviii) all employee contracts, including, without limitation, the right thereunder to restrict the employee from competing in certain respects. "Business Day" means any calendar day which is not a Saturday, Sunday or public holiday under the Laws of New York. "Cancelled Company Option" means any option or other right to acquire shares of Company Common Stock which (i) has been granted by the Company to any employee 4 or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) is outstanding immediately prior to, and remains unexercised as of, the Record Date, and (iii) will be cancelled pursuant to Section 2.10 of the Merger Agreement. "Capital Contribution" shall mean any capital or other investment in the Spinco Business, Spinco or any Spinco Company (including, without limitation, (x) the acquisition of any equity or other interests in Spinco or any Spinco Company during such time period (except as otherwise expressly contemplated pursuant to the provisions of Article II hereof), (y) any contribution of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, receivables, inventory, prepaid expenses, real or personal property or any other assets to the Spinco Business, Spinco or any Spinco Company (except as otherwise expressly contemplated pursuant to the provisions of Article II hereof) and (z) the assumption of or payment by the Company or any Company Subsidiary of any Spinco Liabilities, and any prepayment, redemption, purchase or defeasance of Spinco Indebtedness (if any) or any other Spinco Liabilities) by the Company or any Company Subsidiary; provided that the term "Capital Contribution" shall not include (1) any amounts which are transferred following the date hereof and prior to the Offer Purchase Date and which are either (i) in connection with administrative and other similar services which are provided to any of the Spinco Companies in the ordinary course of the Company's business and which are consistent with the past practices of the Company (provided that the cost of any such services may only be allocated in a manner consistent with the past practices of the Company), or (ii) (A) pursuant to the express terms and conditions of any Existing Intercompany Agreement and (B) in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past practice, (2) the Spinco Guarantee Warrants, or (3) the DBS Investment (as defined in the definition of Spinco Liabilities). "Casualty Program" means collectively, the series of programs pursuant to which various insurance carriers provide insurance coverage to the Company and its subsidiaries in respect of claims or occurrences relating to workers' compensation liability, general liability, products liability, automobile liability and 5 employer's liability for all periods up to the Distribution Date. "Cayman" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "CCD Lawsuit" means the litigation entitled Loral Fairchild Corp. vs. Sony Corporation, et al. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "Company" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Company Common Stock" means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.25 per share. "Company Financial Statements" means the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries for the fiscal year ending March 31, 1995 (a copy of which is set forth in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the year ended March 31, 1995). "Confidentiality Agreement" means the confidentiality agreement dated as of December 4, 1995 between Parent and the Company. "Continental" means Continental Satellite Corporation, a California corporation. "Contract" means any contract, agreement, lease, license, sales order, purchase order, instrument or other commitment that is binding on any person or entity or any part of its property under applicable Law. "Court Order" means any judgment, decree, injunction, order or ruling of any Governmental Entity that is binding on any person or its property under applicable Law. "Disclosure Schedule" means the disclosure schedule dated as of the date hereof and attached hereto. References to a particular section of the Disclosure Schedule shall only refer or modify the specific Section of this Agreement to which such Schedule relates (i.e., 6 Section 6.2(c) of the Disclosure Schedule shall refer to or modify only Section 6.2(c) of this Agreement), unless otherwise expressly set forth herein. "Distribution" means the distribution of the shares of Spinco Common Stock owned by the Company to holders of Company Common Stock and to holders of Cancelled Company Options pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of Section 3.2(b) hereof). "Distribution Conditions" means each of the conditions set forth in clauses (i) through (ix) of Section 10.1(a) hereof. "Distribution Date" means the date as of which the Distribution shall be effected as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of Section 3.2(a) hereof). "Distribution Declaration Date" means the date on which the Board of Directors of the Company takes action to declare the Distribution and establish the Record Date. "Existing Intercompany Agreement" means any written Intercompany Agreement or regular, established accounting practice, consistently applied, which is in existence prior to December 31, 1995. "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. "FCC" means the U.S. Federal Communications Commission. "Final Order" means any consent, approval or other action of the FCC (a) relating to any of the transactions contemplated pursuant to either this Agreement or the Merger Agreement and (b) (i) which has not been vacated, reversed, stayed, set aside, annulled or suspended, (ii) with respect to which no timely appeal, request for stay or petition for rehearing, reconsideration or review by any party or by the FCC on its own motion, is pending, (iii) as to which the time for filing any such appeal, request, petition or other similar 7 document has expired, and (iv) as to which the time for reconsideration or review by the FCC on its own motion under the Communications Act (as defined in the Merger Agreement) and the rules and regulations of the FCC has expired. "Form 10" means the registration statement on Form 10 to be filed by Spinco with the SEC to effect the registration of the Spinco Common Stock pursuant to the Exchange Act. "Globalstar" means Globalstar, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership. "Globalstar Bank Guarantee" means the Guarantee, dated as of December 15, 1995, made by Loral in favor of Chemical Bank, as agent for the lenders from time to time parties to the Globalstar Credit Agreement. "Globalstar Credit Agreement" means the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 15, 1995 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.5 hereof), among Globalstar, Chemical Bank, as agent for the lenders from time to time parties thereto and the other parties thereto. "Globalstar Partners" means those Persons (or any Affiliates thereof) holding direct or indirect partnership interests in either Globalstar, LQSS or LQP. "Guarantee Warrants" means those warrants to purchase shares of common stock of GTL (or warrants to purchase partnership interests in Globalstar, as the case may be), which warrants are to be issued in connection with the Globalstar Bank Guarantee to the Company and, under certain circumstances, to certain parties which hold partnership interests in Globalstar, as more fully described in the Globalstar Warrant Memorandum and the term sheet set forth on Exhibit A-1 attached hereto. "Globalstar Warrant Memorandum" means the December 21, 1995 memorandum from Michael B. Targoff to Enrique Fernandez relating to, among other things, the Globalstar Bank Guarantee and the Globalstar Credit Agreement. 8 "Governmental Entity" means any United States or any foreign, federal, state or local government, court, administrative agency or commission or other governmental or regulatory body or authority. "GTL" means Globalstar Telecommunications Limited, a company organized under the laws of Bermuda. "Holdings" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Indemnifiable Losses" means, with respect to any claim by an Indemnified Party for indemnification pursuant to Articles II, V, VI or VIII hereof, any and all damages, losses, deficiencies, Liabilities, obligations, penalties, judgments, settlements, claims, payments, fines, interest, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, the costs and expenses of any and all Actions, demands, assessments, judgments, settlements and compromises relating thereto and the costs and expenses of attorneys', accountants', consultants' and other professionals' fees and expenses incurred in the investigation or defense thereof or the enforcement of rights hereunder), including direct and consequential damages, but excluding punitive damages (other than punitive damages awarded to any third party against an Indemnified Party) suffered by such Indemnified Party with respect to such claim. "Indemnified Party" means any party which is seeking indemnification from an Indemnifying Person pursuant to the provisions of Articles II, V, VI or VIII hereof. "Indemnifying Party" means any party hereto from which any Indemnified Party is seeking indemnification pursuant to the provisions of Articles II, V, VI or VIII hereof. "Information" shall have the same meaning as defined in Section 7.2 hereof. "Information Statement" means the information statement to be sent to the holders of the Company's equity securities in connection with the Distribution. 9 "Intellectual Property Rights" means all right, title, interest and all license and other rights, to the extent held by the Company and its Subsidiaries immediately prior to the Restructuring, with respect to each of the following items: all patents, patent applications, copyrights, copyright applications, trademarks, trademark applications and trade names, in each case as used in the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as conducted immediately prior to the Restructuring. "Intercompany Agreements" means any Contracts between any entities included within the Retained Business (including, without limitation, the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries), on the one hand, and any entities included within the Spinco Business (including, without limitation, Spinco and the Spinco Companies), on the other hand. "K&F" means K&F Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation. "LG" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "LGP" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "LQP" means Loral/QUALCOMM Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership. "LQSS" means Loral/QUALCOMM Satellite Services, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership. "Law" means any statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, order, decree or judgment of any Governmental Entity, including, without limitation, those covering environmental, energy, safety, health, transportation, telecommunications, recordkeeping, zoning, antidiscrimination, antitrust, wage and hour, and price and wage control matters. "Lehman Partnerships" means each of Shearson Lehman Brothers Capital Partners II, L.P., Lehman Brothers Merchant Banking Portfolio Partnership L.P., Lehman Brothers Offshore Investment Partnership L.P. and Lehman Brothers Offshore Investment Partnership-Japan L.P. 10 "Lehman Preferred Stock" means the shares of Series S Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $.10 per share, of Holdings which are held by any of the Lehman Partnerships, any of their respective transferees or any other persons. "Liability" means, with respect to any party, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, any direct or indirect liability (whether absolute, accrued, contingent, reflected on a balance sheet (or in the notes thereto) or otherwise, and whether known or unknown), indebtedness, obligation, expense, claim, deficiency, guarantee or endorsement of or by any person (including, without limitation, those arising under any Law or Action or under any award of any court, tribunal or arbitrator of any kind, and those arising under any contract, commitment or undertaking). "Lien" means any mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, charge, adverse claim (whether pending or, to the knowledge of the person against whom the adverse claim is being asserted, threatened), defect of title or restriction of any nature whatsoever on any property or property interest (regardless of whether such property or property interest is real or personal, tangible or intangible, or otherwise), or a security interest of any kind, including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any third party option or other agreement to sell and any filing of or agreement to give, any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statute) of any jurisdiction (other than a financing statement which is filed or given solely to protect the interest of a lessor). "Merger" shall have the meaning set forth in the Merger Agreement. "Merger Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "NYSE" means the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. "Offer" shall have the meaning set forth in the Merger Agreement. 11 "Offer Purchase Date" means the date on which the Purchaser accepts for payment and pays for Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer. "Parent" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Parent Indemnified Parties" shall have the same meaning as defined in Section 5.2(a) hereof. "Person" or "person" means and includes any individual, partnership, joint venture, corporation, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or similar entity and any Governmental Entity. "Purchaser" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Record Date" means the date determined by the Board of Directors of the Company as the record date for the Distribution, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of Section 3.2(a) hereof). "Restructuring" means collectively, the transactions contemplated pursuant to the provisions of Article II hereof. "Retained Action" shall have the same meaning as defined in Section 5.6 hereof. "Retained Assets" means all Assets of the Company and each Retained Subsidiary (including, without limitation, (A) all shares of capital stock, partnership interests and other equity or ownership interests or ownership rights in all subsidiaries and other entities owned directly or indirectly by the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries, (B) all rights to Assets held by such subsidiaries and entities, (C) except as provided in Sections 4.1 and 4.2 hereof, all cash and cash equivalents held by the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries, (D) the Company Names and Company Proprietary Names (such terms, as defined in Section 6.4 hereof), (E) the Retained Actions and all other Actions commenced by the Company or any Retained Subsidiary (to the extent such Actions constitute Assets), and (F) the licenses of 12 Intellectual Property Rights referred to in Section 6.7 hereof to be granted to Parent, the Company and each of their respective Affiliates), other than the Spinco Assets. "Retained Business" means all businesses of the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries and all businesses included within the Retained Assets (including, without limitation, the Company's electronic combat business, the Company's training and simulation business, the Company's tactical weapons business, the Company's command, control, communications and intelligence (C3I)/reconnaissance business and the Company's systems integration business (each as described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the year ended March 31, 1995)), as conducted by the Company and its subsidiaries as of the Distribution Date and all former businesses of the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries; provided that the term "Retained Business" shall not include the Spinco Business. "Retained Employees" shall mean all current and former officers and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, other than the Spinco Employees. "Retained Liabilities" means all of the Liabilities of the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries, other than the Spinco Liabilities. "Retained Subsidiaries" means all of the Subsidiaries of the Company, other than the Spinco Companies. "SEC" means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. "Severance Agreement" means any Contract which provides for the payment of any cash or other consideration to an officer, director or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries upon the consummation of either the Offer, the Merger, the Restructuring or the Distribution. 13 "Spinco" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Spinco Assets" means all right, title and interest, to the extent held by the Company and its Subsidiaries or any of the other Spinco Companies immediately prior to the Restructuring, with respect to each of the following items: (a) all shares of capital stock of and all partnership interests in (as the case may be) the Spinco Companies, (b) the Spinco Cash Amount, (c) the Spinco Names and Spinco Proprietary Name Rights (such terms, as defined in Section 6.4 hereof), (d) any Actions commenced by a Spinco Company the subject matter of which is otherwise a Spinco Asset or any Action which relates primarily to a Spinco Asset (to the extent such Actions constitute Assets), (e) shares of capital stock of Loral Travel Services Inc. and Loral Properties Inc., (f) that portion of the leasehold interest relating to the office space on not more than two floors reasonably designated by Spinco within 30 days after the date hereof with respect to the building located at 600 Third Avenue, New York, New York and such existing furniture, fixtures, and office equipment located on such floors which is reasonably designated by Spinco within thirty (30) days after the date hereof, (g) the licenses of Intellectual Property Rights referred to in Section 6.7 hereof to be granted to Spinco or the Spinco Companies, (h) the CCD Lawsuit, and (i) the FCC license applications and other Assets listed on Section 1.1(b) of the Disclosure Schedule. The term "Spinco Assets" shall also include (A) the Cash Guarantee Fees accruing to the benefit of the Company and (B) the number of Guarantee Warrants equal to the product of (x) the aggregate number of Guarantee Warrants which might be issued and (y) a ratio of the Spinco Assumed Guarantee Amount (as defined in Section 2.5(d) hereof) to the total amount of Obligations (as defined in Section 2.5 hereof) under the Globalstar Bank Guarantee in connection with the Globalstar Bank Guarantee, but shall not include any other Guarantee Warrants which may be issued from time to time to the Company. "Spinco Balance Sheet" means the unaudited, pro forma, consolidated balance sheet (including the related notes) of the Spinco Business as of September 30, 1995 set forth in Section 1.1(d) of the Disclosure Schedule. 14 "Spinco Business" means each business and each former business which is or was conducted by Spinco or a Spinco Company as of the Distribution Date or which is or was included within the Spinco Assets. "Spinco Cash Amount" means the cash amount referred to in Section 2.1(a)(xiv) hereof. "Spinco Common Stock" means the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Spinco, together with the associated preferred stock purchase rights to be issued pursuant to a rights agreement to be entered into between Spinco and a rights agent to be selected by Spinco. "Spinco Companies" means (a) each of SSL, GTL, K&F, Globalstar, LGP, LG, Cayman, LQSS, LQP, Continental and the companies referred to in paragraph (e) of the definition of "Spinco Assets", and (b) all Subsidiaries of any of the entities listed in paragraph (a) above after giving effect to the Restructuring. "Spinco Employees" means (x) those persons who are employed as officers or employees of Spinco and the Spinco Companies or otherwise employed in the Spinco Business immediately prior to or effective as of the Distribution Date, and (y) all former officers and employees of Spinco, any Spinco Company or the Spinco Business who, immediately prior to the termination of their employment, were employed by Spinco, any Spinco Company or the Spinco Business. In the event any person shall have been employed by Spinco or any of the Spinco Companies, as well as by the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries, such person shall be considered a Spinco Employee if at the Distribution Date such person's primary employment shall be with Spinco, any of the Spinco Companies or the Spinco Business. "Spinco Indebtedness" means (a) any and all of the following items which are incurred or entered into by Spinco or any Spinco Company or otherwise incurred or entered into in connection with the Spinco Business: (i) indebtedness for money borrowed, (ii) indebtedness which is evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other similar instruments; (iii) any lease of any property (whether real, personal or mixed) that, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, either would be required to be classified and accounted for as a capital 15 lease on a balance sheet or otherwise be disclosed as such in a note to any such balance sheet; (iv) all obligations issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property, all conditional sale obligations and all obligations under any title retention agreement; and (v) all obligations for the reimbursement of any obligor on any letter of credit, banker's acceptance or similar credit transaction; (b) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) of paragraph (a) above of which Spinco, any Spinco Company or the Spinco Business is responsible or liable, directly or indirectly, as obligor, guarantor or otherwise, including any guarantees of such obligations; and (c) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) of paragraph (a) above or referred to in paragraph (b) above, which are secured by any Lien on any property or asset of Spinco, any Spinco Company, any Affiliate of Spinco or the Spinco Business. "Spinco Indemnified Parties" shall have the same meaning as defined in Section 5.3(a) hereof. "Spinco Liabilities" means (a) all of the Liabilities of Spinco and the Spinco Companies to third parties and all Liabilities relating to or arising out of the Spinco Assets or the conduct of the Spinco Business (in all cases, whether arising before or after the date hereof); (b) all Liabilities reflected or reserved against in the Spinco Balance Sheet and all similar Liabilities arising after the date thereof; (c) any Actions commenced by a Spinco Company the subject matter of which is otherwise a Spinco Asset or any Action which relates primarily to a Spinco Asset (to the extent such Actions constitute Liabilities); (d) except as otherwise provided in Article VIII hereof, the Liabilities of the Company and its subsidiaries, including, without limitation, Spinco and the Spinco Companies, in respect of Spinco Employees (in all cases, whether arising before or after the date hereof) (excluding, however, all wages, salary, bonus and other similar amounts accrued prior to the Distribution Date in respect of Spinco New York Employees); (e) all Liabilities relating to or arising out of the Spinco Assets or the conduct of the Spinco Business (in all cases, whether arising before or after the date hereof) with respect to which the Company or any Retained Subsidiary has agreed, prior to the Distribution Date, to indemnify any third party in any manner with re- 16 spect thereto or has agreed to otherwise be, or is otherwise, liable with respect thereto; (f) all Company Transfer Expenses (as defined in Section 2.6 hereof) and all other Indemnifiable Losses referred to in Section 2.6 hereof; (g) all Spinco Excess Costs (as defined in Section 11.3 hereof); and (h) the amount of any and all consideration paid, and any and all Liabilities incurred, by the Company, Spinco, any Spinco Company or any Retained Subsidiary or any of their respective Affiliates, following the date hereof but prior to the consummation of the Restructuring, in connection with the acquisition of any securities issued by Continental (whether held by any third party or otherwise) or any Assets of Continental, but only to the extent that the aggregate fair market value of such consideration and Liabilities exceeds in the aggregate $7,500,000.00 (for purposes of this clause (h), the term "Continental" shall include any other Person, program or business which conducts direct broadcast satellite operations similar in nature to those operations conducted or proposed to be conducted by Continental) (the parties hereto acknowledge and agree that, if the Company acquires any such securities or Assets, that all amounts paid or Liabilities incurred in connection therewith not in excess of such $7,500,000.00 threshold (the "DBS Investment"), shall not otherwise be included within the term "Spinco Liabilities"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term "Spinco Liabilities" shall not include any Liabilities of the Company arising pursuant to the express provisions of the Globalstar Bank Guarantee (as amended pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.5 hereof), except as otherwise expressly provided in Section 2.5 hereof. "Spinco New York Employees" means those Spinco Employees who are located prior to the date hereof at the office building located at 600 Third Avenue, New York, New York; provided that the term "Spinco New York Employees" shall not include any employees whose primary employment is with the Spinco Business and shall not include senior executive officers of the Company. "Spinco Preferred Stock" means the Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Spinco, having the rights, powers, privileges and other terms set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation of Spinco (which, pursuant to Section 2.3(a) hereof, shall be in substantially the same form as 17 the provisions set forth on Exhibit B attached hereto (with such changes thereto as Parent and the Company may approve prior to the Offer Purchase Date)). "SSL" means Space Systems/Loral, Inc., a Delaware corporation. "SSL Lawsuit" means the litigation entitled "Space Systems/Loral, Inc. v. Martin Marietta Corporation." "SSL Stockholders Agreements" means each of (a) the Stockholders Agreement by and among the Company, Holdings, SSL, Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle, Alcatel Espace and Alenia Aeritalia & Selenia S.p.A., dated as of April 22, 1991 (as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated as of November 10 1992), and (b) the Stockholders Agreement by and among Holdings, Aerospace, the Company and the Lehman Partnerships, dated as of November 13, 1992. "Stockholders Agreement" means the Stockholders Agreement to be entered into between the Company and Spinco following the date hereof, the material terms of which are set forth on Exhibit A to this Agreement. "Subsidiary" or "subsidiary" of any party means (a) a corporation, a majority of the voting or capital stock of which is as of the time in question directly or indirectly owned by such party and (b) any other partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or similar entity, in which such party, directly or indirectly, owns a majority of the equity interest thereof or has the power to elect or direct the election of a majority of the members of the governing body of such entity or otherwise has control over such entity (e.g., as the managing partner of a partnership). "Tax Sharing Agreement" means the Tax Sharing Agreement, in the form of Exhibit A to the Merger Agreement, pursuant to which the Company and Spinco have provided for certain tax matters, including, without limitation, indemnification, allocation of tax benefits and filing of tax returns. 18 Section 1.2. References to Time. All references in this Agreement to times of the day shall be to New York City time. ARTICLE II THE RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS ------------------------------------------ Section 2.1. Transfers of Assets. (a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement: (i) prior to the Distribution Date, LG shall transfer to Cayman all of its right, title and interest in and to all shares of capital stock owned by LG in GTL, by means of a distribution to Cayman of such equity securities; (ii) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, Cayman shall transfer to LGP all of its right, title and interest in and to all shares of capital stock of GTL owned by Cayman and may transfer all, or a portion of, the partnership interests in LG owned by Cayman, by means of a dividend to LGP of such equity securities; (iii) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, LGP shall transfer to Aerospace all of its right, title and interest in and to all shares of capital stock of Cayman and GTL owned by LGP and may transfer all, or a portion of, the partnership interests in LG owned by LGP, by means of a dividend to Aerospace of such equity securities; (iv) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, Aerospace shall transfer to Holdings all of its right, title and interest in and to all shares of capital stock owned by Aerospace in Cayman, GTL, LGP and SSL and all partnership interests in LG owned by it, by means of a dividend to Holdings of such equity securities; 19 (v) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, Holdings shall transfer to the Company all of its right, title and interest in and to (x) all shares of capital stock owned by Holdings in Cayman, GTL, LGP and Continental, (y) 64.125 percent (64.125%) of the shares of capital stock owned by Holdings in SSL, and (z) all partnership interests in LG owned by Holdings, by means of a dividend of such equity securities; (vi) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, LGP may transfer to Spinco or to any Spinco Subsidiary designated by Spinco, all (or any other portion thereof reasonably designated by Spinco) of LGP's right, title and interest in the partnership interests in LG and LQP; (vii) immediately following the actions referred to in the preceding clauses, the Company shall transfer to Spinco all of its right, title and interest in and to all shares of capital stock owned by the Company in Cayman, GTL, K&F, LGP, SSL and Continental and all partnership interests in LG owned by the Company, in exchange for, among other things, the issuance by Spinco to the Company of the shares of Spinco Common Stock; (viii) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, the Company shall transfer to Spinco (and the Company shall cause each of its subsidiaries to transfer to Spinco) all of their right, title and interest in and to all Spinco Assets not otherwise transferred to Spinco pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.1(a), in the case of assets not held directly by the Company, by a distribution to the Company and, in each case by means of a contribution by the Company to the capital of Spinco of such Spinco Assets (provided that the foregoing provisions shall not be construed to constitute a transfer by the Company to Spinco of any capital stock of Spinco owned at that time by the Company); (ix) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding 20 clause, Spinco shall transfer to the Company (and Spinco shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to transfer to the Company) all of its right, title and interest in and to all Retained Assets not otherwise transferred to the Company pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.1(a) (if any), in each case by means of a dividend of such Retained Assets (provided that the foregoing provisions shall not be construed to constitute a transfer by the Spinco to Company of the rights of Spinco under this Agreement); (x) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, the Company shall assume and shall in due course pay, perform and discharge (or shall cause to be assumed and cause in due course to be paid, performed and discharged), all of the Retained Liabilities to which the Spinco Business or the Spinco Assets are then subject or otherwise liable; (xi) immediately following the actions referred to in the immediately preceding clause, Spinco shall assume and shall in due course pay, perform and discharge (or shall cause to be assumed and cause in due course to be paid, performed and discharged), all of the Spinco Liabilities to which the Retained Business or the Retained Assets are then subject or otherwise liable; (xii) following, or prior to, the actions referred to in the preceding clauses, Holdings shall transfer all its right, title and interest in its shares of capital stock of SSL owned by it that are not transferred pursuant to clause (v), above, either to Spinco or, pursuant to Section 2.7, to the Lehman Partnerships; (xiii) in connection with the actions referred to in the preceding clauses, Spinco shall issue to the Company the shares of Spinco Common Stock referred to in Section 2.4 hereof; and (xiv) following the actions referred to in the preceding clauses and following Parent's acceptance for payment of Shares of Company Common Stock in connection with the Offer, on or prior to 21 the Distribution Date and prior to the Distribution, Parent shall transfer to the Company, as a contribution to capital, $712,400,000 in immediately available funds, less any amount which the parties hereto have at such time agreed is owed to Parent pursuant to the provisions of Sections 4.1(a) and 4.1(c) hereof (the aggregate of such cash amount being hereinafter referred to as the "Spinco Cash Amount"), and the Company shall then immediately contribute the Spinco Cash Amount to Spinco, as a contribution to capital, of which $344,000,000.00 shall be in exchange for the Spinco Preferred Stock and the balance shall be treated as additional consideration for the Spinco Common Stock. (b) Notwithstanding anything else in this Agreement to the contrary but subject to the provisions of Section 2.6 hereof, this Agreement shall not constitute an agreement to assign, convey or transfer any Action, Liability, Asset or Contract or any claim or right or any benefit arising thereunder or resulting therefrom as to which (x) a prior right of assignment, conveyance or transfer exists (including, without limitation, a Third Party Call Right (as defined in Section 2.6 hereof)) which has not been waived as of the Distribution Date or (y) consent to assignment, conveyance or transfer thereof is required but has not been obtained as of the Distribution Date (including, without limitation, any Asset which has been pledged to any third party creditor and with respect to which such pledge has not been released prior to the Distribution Date). Subject to the preceding sentence and the provisions of Section 6.2 hereof, to the extent that any such contributions and transfers shall not have been so consummated prior to the Distribution Date, the parties shall cooperate to effect such consummation as promptly thereafter as shall be practicable, and as between the Company and Spinco, as of the Distribution Date, (i) the Company shall be deemed to have contributed to Spinco, and Spinco shall have and be deemed to have obtained, complete and sole beneficial ownership over all of the Spinco Assets, together with all of the rights, powers and privileges incident thereto which are held by the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries, and Spinco shall be deemed to have assumed in accordance with the terms of this Agreement all of the Spinco Liabilities and all of the duties, obligations and 22 responsibilities of the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries incident thereto, whether or not all instruments of transfer and assumption shall have been executed and delivered, and (ii) Spinco shall be deemed to have transferred to the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries, and the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries shall have and be deemed to have obtained, complete and sole beneficial ownership over all of the Retained Assets which are being transferred from Spinco and the Spinco Companies pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.1(a), together with all of the rights, powers and privileges incident thereto which are held by Spinco and the Spinco Companies, and the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries shall be deemed to have assumed in accordance with the terms of this Agreement all of the Retained Liabilities and all of the duties, obligations and responsibilities of Spinco and the Spinco Companies incident thereto, whether or not all instruments of transfer and assumption shall have been executed and delivered. Section 2.2. Methods of Transfer and Assumption. The parties hereto agree that (a) the transfers of Assets contemplated pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof shall be effected by delivery by Spinco to the Company, and by the Company to Spinco, as the case may be, of (i) with respect to those Assets which are evidenced by capital stock certificates or similar instruments, certificates duly endorsed in blank or accompanied by stock powers or other instruments of assignment executed in blank, (ii) with respect to any real property interest and/or any improvements thereon, a quitclaim deed or the equivalent thereof in accordance with local practice, and (iii) with respect to all other Assets, such good and sufficient instruments of contribution, transfer and delivery, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company, Parent and Spinco, as shall be necessary to vest in the Company or Spinco, as the case may be, all of the right, title and interest of Spinco or the Company, as the case may be, in and to any such Assets, (b) the assumption of the Retained Liabilities contemplated pursuant to Section 2.1(a)(x) hereof shall be effected by delivery by the Company to Spinco of such good and sufficient instruments of assumption, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company, Parent and Spinco, as shall be necessary for the assumption by the Company of the Retained Liabilities, and (c) the assumption of the Spinco Liabilities contemplated pursuant to Section 2.1(a)(xi) 23 hereof shall be effected by delivery by Spinco to the Company of such good and sufficient instruments of assumption, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company, Parent and Spinco, as shall be necessary for the assumption by Spinco of the Spinco Liabilities. Each of the parties hereto also agrees to deliver to any other party hereto such other documents, instruments and writings as may be reasonably requested by such other parties hereto in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, (x) the instruments of transfer or assumption referred to in this Section 2.2 shall not, without the prior written consent of Parent, include any separate representations and warranties, and (y) in the event and to the extent that there is any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of any of the instruments of transfer or assumption referred to in this Section 2.2, the provisions of this Agreement shall prevail and govern. Section 2.3. Company Approval of Certain Spinco Actions; Formation of Spinco. Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Company shall cooperate with Spinco and the Spinco Companies in effecting, and if so requested by Spinco the Company shall, as the sole stockholder of Spinco, ratify any actions that are reasonably necessary or desirable to be taken by Spinco to effectuate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in a manner consistent with the terms of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the following: (a) amending the Certificate of Incorporation of Spinco so that the provisions thereof shall at the Distribution Date have the provisions set forth on Exhibit B attached hereto and such other terms and conditions as Parent and Spinco shall reasonably approve (with such changes thereto as Parent and the Company may approve prior to the Offer Purchase Date); (b) amending the By-Laws of Spinco so that the provisions thereof shall at the Distribution Date have the provisions set forth on Exhibit C attached hereto and such other terms and conditions as Parent and Spinco shall reasonably approve (with such changes thereto as Parent and the Company may approve prior to the Offer Purchase Date); (c) adopting a shareholder rights plan of Spinco having substantially the same provisions, as of the Distribution Date, as those set forth on Exhibit D attached hereto (with such changes thereto as the Board of Directors of the Company may approve in its 24 reasonable discretion prior to the Offer Purchase Date); (d) adopting, preparing and implementing appropriate plans, agreements and arrangements for Spinco Employees and Spinco non-employee directors (including, without limitation, employee benefit plans, agreements and arrangements substantially similar to those set forth on Exhibit E attached hereto (with such changes thereto as the Board of Directors of the Company may approve in its reasonable discretion prior to the Offer Purchase Date)); and (e) electing to the Board of Directors of Spinco those persons referred to in Section 6.3 hereof so that such persons shall be able to serve as the sole members of Spinco's Board of Directors as of the Distribution Date. Section 2.4. Issuance of Spinco Stock to the Company. Spinco agrees to issue to the Company, (a) contemporaneously with the transfers of Assets and assumption of Liabilities contemplated in connection with the Restructuring, one share of Spinco Common Stock for each share of Company Common Stock held of record as of the Record Date and such number of shares of Spinco Preferred Stock as may be necessary to satisfy the representations and warranties set forth in Section 4.1(c) of the Stockholders Agreement (which shares of Spinco Preferred Stock shall, in the aggregate, be convertible into such number of shares of Spinco Common Stock as shall equal 20% of the total number of shares of Spinco Common Stock to be outstanding on a fully-diluted basis, immediately after giving effect to the Distribution and after giving effect to the conversion of such Spinco Preferred Stock). In addition, Spinco agrees to issue to the Company on or prior to the Record Date such additional shares of Spinco Common Stock as may be required in order for the Company to fulfill its obligations pursuant to Section 3.2 hereof. Section 2.5. Treatment of Globalstar Bank Guarantee. (a) Spinco shall, and prior to the Offer Purchase Date the Company shall, use their respective reasonable efforts to amend the Globalstar Bank Guarantee so that, following the Restructuring, (x) the provisions of Section 10 of the Globalstar Bank Guarantee shall be deleted and shall have no force and effect against the Company or any of its Affiliates (provided that, in the 25 event that the Globalstar Bank Guarantee is amended in the manner provided in this Section 2.5, Parent agrees to assume the obligations of the Company as guarantor under the Globalstar Bank Guarantee), and (y) the aggregate amount of indebtedness being guaranteed by the Company (or Parent, as the case may be) under the Globalstar Bank Guarantee shall not exceed $250,000,000; provided that the amendments contemplated in this sentence shall be in such form and substance as shall be reasonably acceptable to Parent. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Section 2.5, neither the Company nor Spinco shall, nor shall they permit any of their respective Affiliates to, (i) amend or in any way modify either the Globalstar Bank Guarantee, the Globalstar Credit Agreement, the Guarantee Warrants or any other Contract, in a manner which adversely affects any of the benefits, rights or obligations of the Company with respect to either the Globalstar Bank Guarantee, the Globalstar Credit Agreement or the Guarantee Warrants, without obtaining the prior written consent of Parent (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld), or (ii) waive or diminish any rights of subrogation of the Company with respect to the Globalstar Bank Guarantee or take any other action which adversely affects any of the benefits, rights or obligations of the Company with respect to either the Globalstar Bank Guarantee, the Globalstar Credit Agreement or the Guarantee Warrants, without obtaining the prior written consent of Parent (provided that the consent of Parent need not be obtained with respect to the diminution of any rights of subrogation held by the Company and its Affiliates where (A) Globalstar determines within 90 days to either issue to the Company subordinated indebtedness of Globalstar having an aggregate principal amount (the repayment of which, together with interest thereon, may be deferred for up to 3 years) equal to, or equity interests in Globalstar having a fair market value equal to, the aggregate of the amounts paid or incurred or Liabilities assumed by the Company or its Affiliates in connection with the Globalstar Bank Guarantee, and (B) the Company and its Affiliates are treated no less favorably with respect to the matters set forth in this clause (ii) than the manner in which Spinco and those of the Globalstar Partners who have assumed liability in connection with the Globalstar Bank Guarantee are treated with respect to such matters. 26 (b) Spinco shall, and prior to the Offer Purchase Date the Company shall, use its respective reasonable efforts to cause the Globalstar Partners to assume the obligations of the Company (or Parent, as the case may be) as guarantor under the Globalstar Bank Guarantee in an aggregate amount of up to the Maximum Partner Assumed Guarantee Amount (as defined below), and to cause the Company (or Parent, as the case may be) to be released in respect thereof. The parties hereto acknowledge that the Guarantee Warrants will be initially issued to the Company, Spinco and the Globalstar Partners in direct proportion to the amount of liability in respect of the Globalstar Bank Guarantee for which each such person has agreed to be liable, that is, 60% to the Company and 40% to Spinco, and that 100% of the deferred cash fees payable in respect of the Globalstar Bank Guarantee (the "Cash Guarantee Fee") will be initially payable solely to Spinco, subject to reallocation to Globalstar Partners assuming such obligations as provided in Section 2.6(d). (c) Spinco agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and each Parent Indemnified Party in accordance with the indemnification provisions of Article V hereof, from and against any and all Indemnifiable Losses of the Company and any such Parent Indemnified Party which both (i) arise out of, relate to or result from the Globalstar Bank Guarantee or any failure by Globalstar to pay when due any principal, interest or other amounts owing under the Globalstar Credit Agreement or any failure by Globalstar to perform and abide by all other obligations, covenants, conditions and agreements applicable to it under such Globalstar Credit Agreement, and (ii) exceed in the aggregate $150,000,000.00; provided that in no event shall Spinco's liability in connection with the Globalstar Bank Guarantee exceed the Spinco Assumed Guarantee Amount (as defined below). Spinco hereby pledges to the Company, and grants the Company a security interest in, all Guarantee Warrants held at any time by Spinco or its Subsidiaries (and all rights, benefits and proceeds in respect thereof), as collateral in respect of Spinco's indemnity obligations set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, and the Company shall be entitled to exercise all of the rights, powers and remedies (whether arising pursuant to this Agreement, statute, common law, equity or otherwise) for the protection and enforcement of the Company's 27 rights under this Section 2.5. Spinco hereby agrees to deliver to the Company all certificates representing Guarantee Warrants promptly following receipt thereof. Upon receipt from Spinco of any certificates representing Guarantee Warrants, the Company shall hold such certificates as pledgee thereof. The Company shall have all rights with respect to the Guarantee Warrants owned by Spinco and pledged to the Company hereunder as afforded a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code. The Company agrees to transfer to Spinco or as Spinco shall direct and release its security interest in any Guarantee Warrants of Spinco held by the Company which are required to be transferred pursuant to Section 2.5(d) hereof. The Company shall also release the Guarantee Warrants from the lien of the security interest granted hereunder at the later of (i) the release of the Company from the Globalstar Bank Guarantee and (ii) the satisfaction in full of Spinco's in full of Spinco's indemnification obligations hereunder with respect to Globalstar Bank Guarantee. Upon delivery to the Company by Spinco of the pledged Guarantee Warrants, the Company shall confirm to Spinco in writing that the Company will be holding such Guarantee Warrants as pledge thereof. (d) For purposes of this Section 2.5, (i) the term "Maximum Partner Assumed Guarantee Amount" shall mean the sum of (A) $150,000,000.00 in principal amount of indebtedness, plus (B) sixty percent (60%) of the aggregate of all interest amounts thereon in accordance with the Globalstar Credit Agreement (other than unpaid principal) which are owed under the Globalstar Credit Agreement, (ii) the term "Actual Partner Assumed Guarantee Amount" shall mean the aggregate amount of guarantee obligations with respect to which all Globalstar Partners have actually guaranteed pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.5, and (iii) the term "Spinco Assumed Guarantee Amount" shall mean the sum of (A) $100,000,000.00 in principal amount of indebtedness, plus (B) forty percent (40%) of the aggregate of all interest amounts and other Obligations (such term, as defined in the Globalstar Bank Guarantee)(other than unpaid principal) which are owed under the Globalstar Credit Agreement; provided that the Spinco Assumed Guarantee Amount shall be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis by the amount of the Actual Partner Assumed Guarantee Amount (if any) (provided that the Spinco Assumed Guarantee Amount shall in no event be less than zero), provided further 28 that (x) Spinco will convey to each Globalstar Partner which assumes a portion of the Globalstar Bank Guarantee Obligation a pro rata share of the Cash Guarantee Fees and, with respect to the first $100,000,000 of obligations so assumed, a pro rata share of the Guarantee Warrants and (y) the Company will convey to each such Globalstar Partner, with respect to the next $50,000,000 of obligations so assumed, a pro rata share of the Guarantee Warrants. Section 2.6. Transfers of Spinco Capital Stock Subject to Rights of First Offer, Etc. (a) Third Party Call Rights. In the event that any Spinco Assets consist of shares of capital stock of a Spinco Company, which shares are subject to any right of first offer, right of first refusal, call right, third party option or other similar contractual right (including, without limitation, any rights of first offer (if any) arising out of the SSL Stockholders Agreements) on the part of any party (other than the Company, any Retained Subsidiary, Spinco and any Spinco Company) (such third party, a "Third Party Transferee") to require that such shares be sold or otherwise transferred to such Third Party Transferee (any such right, a "Third Party Call Right", and any such shares subject to such right, the "Restricted Spinco Shares"), then Spinco shall (x) deliver or cause to be delivered all notice(s) which are required to be delivered by the Company, Spinco, any Retained Subsidiary or any Spinco Company in connection with any such Third Party Call Rights (unless delivery of such notice(s) has been waived by the recipient(s) thereof), and (y) use its reasonable efforts to cause each such Third Party Transferee to waive all Third Party Call Rights held by such Third Party Transferee. In the event that Spinco is unable to obtain any such waiver with respect to any Restricted Spinco Shares prior to the Distribution Date, then such Restricted Spinco Shares shall not be assigned, conveyed or transferred to Spinco pursuant to this Agreement unless and until such Restricted Spinco Shares are no longer subject to acquisition by any Third Party Transferee pursuant to any Third Party Call Rights (provided that, prior to such assignment, conveyance or transfer to either the Third Party Transferee pursuant to this Section 2.6 or to Spinco pursuant to this Agreement, such Restricted Spinco Shares shall, to the extent applicable, be subject to the provi- 29 sions of Section 2.1(b) hereof). In the event that a Third Party Transferee exercises any Third Party Call Right with respect to any Restricted Spinco Shares, then (i) such Restricted Spinco Shares shall be transferred to such Third Party Transferee in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Third Party Call Right relating thereto, and (ii) the Company shall turn over promptly to Spinco all cash and other amounts if and when received by the Company or any Retained Subsidiary from such Third Party Transferee in connection therewith. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the amounts referred to in clause (ii) of the preceding sentence shall be received and held in trust and may not be set off or reduced by any amounts which may otherwise be owed to any of the Parent Indemnified Parties pursuant to this Agreement. (b) Third Party Put Rights. In the event that any party (other than the Company, any Retained Subsidiary, Spinco and any Spinco Company) (such third party, a "Third Party Transferor") has any put right or other similar contractual right (including, without limitation, any put rights (if any) arising out of the SSL Stockholders Agreements) to require that the Company or any Retained Subsidiary acquire any shares of capital stock of a Spinco Company which are then beneficially owned or held by such Third Party Transferor (any such right, a "Third Party Put Right", and any such shares subject to such right, the "Spinco Put Shares"), then Spinco shall (x) deliver or cause to be delivered all notice(s) which are required to be delivered by the Company, Spinco, any Retained Subsidiary or any Spinco Company in connection with any such Third Party Put Rights (unless delivery of such notice(s) has been waived by the recipient(s) thereof), and (y) use its reasonable efforts to cause such Third Party Transferor to waive all Third Party Put Rights held by such Third Party Transferor. In the event that Spinco is unable to obtain any such waiver with respect to any Restricted Spinco Shares and any such Third Party Transferor exercises any Third Party Put Right with respect to any Spinco Put Shares, then (i) Spinco shall pay to the Company in immediately available funds (and without any deductions or setoffs) prior to the date of such acquisition (but in no event later than the third Business Day prior to the anticipated date of such acquisition) the sum of (x) the entire amount which is required to be paid to such Third Party 30 Transferor in connection with such Third Party Put Right, and (y) all Company Transfer Expenses (as defined below) for which documentation evidencing such Company Transfer Expenses has been provided to Spinco prior to such date (except, in the case of either clause (x) or (y) above, for those amounts which have already been paid in full by Spinco), (ii) the Company or the Retained Subsidiary which is responsible for acquiring such Spinco Put Shares upon the exercise of such Third Party Put Right shall acquire such Spinco Put Shares in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Third Party Put Right relating thereto, and (iii) following receipt of the amounts payable by Spinco to the Company pursuant to clause (i) above and following receipt of the certificates representing any Spinco Put Shares acquired pursuant to clause (ii) above, the Company (or any Retained Subsidiary which received such certificates) shall thereafter deliver promptly to Spinco (or any Spinco Company designated by Spinco) such certificates, accompanied by such endorsements or instruments of transfer as may be reasonably requested by Spinco. (c) Payment of Expenses; Indemnification. Spinco agrees that it shall reimburse the Company and all Parent Indemnified Parties promptly with respect to all costs and expenses incurred by the Company and all other Parent Indemnified Parties (including, without limitation, all costs and expenses of attorneys', accountants', consultants' and other similar persons) in connection with any Actions relating to (x) the exercise or purported exercise of any Third Party Call Right or any Third Party Put Right or (y) the consummation of any transactions contemplated pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.6 (all such costs and expenses, the "Company Transfer Expenses"). Spinco agrees that all Indemnifiable Losses (including, without limitation, all Company Transfer Expenses) of the Company and all Parent Indemnified Parties arising out of, relating to or resulting from, directly or indirectly, the performance or failure to perform by any party hereto of the provisions of this Section 2.6 or any of the transfers in any way relating thereto (other than as a result of any willful breach, on or after the Offer Purchase Date, on the part of the Company or any Retained Subsidiary) shall in each case be deemed to be Spinco Liabilities, and, in each case, shall be subject to the indemnification provisions set forth in Article V hereof. 31 Section 2.7. Exchange of Lehman Preferred Stock. Spinco shall, and prior to the Offer Purchase Date the Company shall, use their respective best efforts to cause the Lehman Partnerships and all other holders of the Lehman Preferred Stock (if any) to exchange all issued and outstanding shares of Lehman Preferred Stock for shares of capital stock or other equity securities of either Spinco, any Spinco Company or any Subsidiary of Spinco. Spinco agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and each Parent Indemnified Party in accordance with the indemnification provisions of Article V hereof, from and against any and all Indemnifiable Losses of the Company and any such Parent Indemnified Party arising out of, relating to or resulting from the ownership of any shares of Lehman Preferred Stock by the Lehman Partnerships and all other holders of the Lehman Preferred Stock (if any). ARTICLE III THE DISTRIBUTION ---------------- Section 3.1. Cooperation Prior to the Distribution. As promptly as practicable after the date hereof and prior to the Distribution Date: (a) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) below, the Company and Spinco shall prepare an Information Statement (which shall set forth appropriate disclosure concerning Spinco and the Spinco Companies, the Spinco Business, the Distribution and certain other matters) and Spinco shall file with the SEC the Form 10 (which shall include or incorporate by reference the Information Statement). The Company and Spinco shall use their respective reasonable efforts to cause the Form 10 to be declared effective under the Exchange Act or, if either the Company or Parent reasonably determines that the Distribution may not be effected without registering the Spinco Common Stock pursuant to the Securities Act, the Company shall use its best efforts to cause the Spinco Common Stock to be registered pursuant to the Securities Act and thereafter effect the Distribution in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, including, without limitation, by preparing and filing on an appropriate form of registration statement under the Securities Act covering the Spinco Common Stock and using its 32 best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective. Following the effectiveness of such Form 10 (or registration statement, as the case may be), the Company shall mail the Information Statement to the holders of the Company Common Stock. (b) Before filing with the SEC the Form 10, or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a), as the case may be, or any amendments or supplements thereto, the Company shall furnish to Parent (or Parent's counsel) copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, in order to give Parent (or Parent's counsel) sufficient time to review such documents, and such documents may thereafter be filed subject to any timely and reasonable comments of Parent (or Parent's counsel). On or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, the Company shall (i) deliver to Parent (or Parent's counsel) promptly, following the receipt thereof, copies of all written communications between the Company and the SEC relating to either the Information Statement or the Form 10 (or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a), as the case may be), and (ii) advise Parent (or Parent's counsel) promptly of, and provide Parent (or Parent's counsel) with the opportunity to participate in (to the extent reasonably practicable), all telephonic and other non-written communications between the Company and the SEC relating to either the Information Statement or the Form 10 (or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a), as the case may be). The Company shall respond promptly to any comments from the SEC with respect thereto, after consultation with Parent (or Parent's counsel), and shall take such other actions as shall be reasonably required in order to have the Form 10 declared effective under the Exchange Act, or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a) hereof declared effective under the Securities Act, as the case may be, as soon as reasonably practicable following the date hereof. Before filing with the SEC the Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 of the Company to be filed by the Company in connection with the Offer, and all amendments or supplements thereto, the Company shall furnish to Parent (or Parent's counsel) copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, in order to give Parent (or Parent's counsel) sufficient time to review such documents, and such documents may thereafter be filed subject to any timely and reasonable comments of Parent (or Parent's counsel). Following the 33 date hereof, the Company shall, and shall cause its Affiliates to, provide promptly to Parent, Purchaser and their respective counsel all such information as such persons may reasonably request in connection with the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 of the Purchaser or Parent to be filed in connection with the Offer. (c) The Company and Spinco shall cooperate in preparing, filing with the SEC and causing to become effective any registration statements or amendments thereto which are appropriate to reflect the establishment of, or amendments to, any employee benefit and other plans contemplated by this Agreement. (d) The Company and Spinco shall take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate under state securities or "Blue Sky" Laws in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. (e) The Company and Spinco shall prepare, and Spinco shall file and seek to make effective, an application to permit listing of the Spinco Common Stock either on the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or national market system as may be selected by Spinco in its sole discretion (to the extent permitted pursuant to the listing requirements of such exchange or national market system). (f) The Company and Spinco shall prepare and file an application with the FCC (the "FCC Application") requesting the FCC's consent to the transfer of control of any licenses, permits, approvals or other authorizations issued by the FCC to the Company and its Subsidiaries in connection with their telecommunications and space systems business, including those licenses, permits, approvals and authorizations set forth in Section 3.1(f) of the Disclosure Schedule. (g) In addition to the actions specifically provided for elsewhere in this Agreement and except as otherwise expressly set forth in this Agreement, each of the parties hereto shall use its respective best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and, to execute and deliver, or cause to be executed and delivered, such additional documents and instruments, and to do, or cause to be done, all things, reasonably necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Laws and 34 agreements to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, using its best efforts to obtain the consents and approvals, to enter into any amendatory agreements and to make the filings and applications necessary or desirable to have been obtained, entered into or made in order to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, each of the parties hereto shall use its respective best efforts to ensure that the conditions set forth in Article X hereof are satisfied (insofar as such matters are within the control of such party). Notwithstanding any other provisions set forth in this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of this Section 3.1(g)), neither the Company, nor Spinco nor any of their respective Affiliates shall, without first obtaining the prior written consent of the Parent, take or commit to take any action, in connection with obtaining any consent, waiver or approval or effecting any of the transactions contemplated in connection with the Closing or otherwise, (i) except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, that would result in the payment of any funds (other than normal and usual filing fees) or the incurrence of any liability by the Company or any Retained Subsidiary, (ii) that would result in the divestiture or holding separate of any assets, businesses or operations of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries, (iii) that might materially limit or impair Parent's or the Company's or any Retained Subsidiary's freedom of action with respect to, or its ability to retain or exercise control over, any assets, businesses or operations of the Company or any Retained Subsidiaries (other than any limitations or restrictions expressly set forth in the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement, the Stockholders Agreement or any other agreement to be entered into pursuant to this Agreement or the Merger Agreement prior to the Offer Purchase Date), or (iv) that might otherwise adversely affect Parent, or, following the Offer Purchase Date, either the Company or any Retained Subsidiary. Section 3.2. The Distribution. (a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Company's Board of Directors (or any duly appointed committee thereof) shall in its reasonable discretion establish the Record Date and the 35 Distribution Date and any appropriate procedures in connection with the Distribution (subject in each case to the provisions of applicable Law) as soon as reasonably practicable following the date hereof or on such other dates as Parent may reasonably request; provided that (x) the Record Date may not be earlier than the twentieth day following the date on which the Offer is commenced and also may not be earlier than the tenth day following the Distribution Declaration Date and (y) the parties hereto shall use their reasonable efforts to cause the Record Date to be established so as to occur immediately prior to the acceptance for payment by the Purchaser of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Offer (provided that in no event shall the Record Date be established so as to occur as of or at any time after the acceptance for payment by the Purchaser of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Offer); provided further that if all conditions to the Offer have been satisfied or waived prior to the date on which all of the Distribution Conditions have been satisfied (or waived, to the extent expressly permitted by the provisions of Section 10.1 hereof), then the Purchaser shall be permitted, but not required, to accept for payment at such time the shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Offer notwithstanding the fact that the Distribution Conditions have not been satisfied or waived (provided that prior to such acceptance for payment Purchaser first obtains the consent of the Company, which consent may not be unreasonably withheld) (as further described in clause (a)(iii) below). The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that payment of the Distribution shall be conditioned on (x) the satisfaction (or waiver, to the extent expressly permitted by the provisions of Section 10.1 hereof) of each of the Distribution Conditions on a date which is prior to the fiftieth (50th) day following the Record Date and (y) Parent and Purchaser not having taken any action, on or after the Distribution Declaration Date, to extend or delay the expiration of the Offer to a date which is later than the Record Date. The parties hereto further acknowledge and agree that: (i) if the Distribution Conditions are satisfied (or waived, to the extent expressly permitted by the provisions of Section 10.1 hereof) prior to the fiftieth (50th) day following the Record Date, the conditions to the Distribution shall be deemed to have been satisfied and, if such 36 date is on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, the Record Date shall be deemed to have occurred immediately prior to the time at which the Purchaser has accepted for payment the shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the Offer and the Distribution shall occur one Business Day thereafter; (ii) if the Offer Purchase Date has not yet occurred and the Distribution Conditions are not satisfied or waived prior to the fiftieth (50th) day following the Record Date, (A) the Distribution shall not be paid, the declaration of the Distribution shall be null and void, and no holder of Company Common Stock shall have any rights whatsoever to receive any part of the Distribution, and (B) the Company's Board of Directors shall establish a new Record Date in a manner consistent with the provisions of the first sentence of this Section 3.2(a); and (iii) if the Offer Purchase Date has already occurred and the Distribution Conditions are not expected to be satisfied or waived prior to the fiftieth (50th) day following the Record Date, the parties hereto agree to use their respective best efforts to restructure the Distribution in a manner which shall permit the holders of Company Common Stock of record immediately prior to the consummation of the Offer to participate in a distribution of shares of Spinco capital stock in order to preserve for such holders the material economic benefits of the Distribution; provided that, in connection with any such restructuring of the Distribution, the parties hereto must first obtain the prior consent (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld of a majority of the remaining Continuing Directors (such term, as defined in Section 8.4 of the Merger Agreement), if any (it being understood and agreed that the consent of the remaining Continuing Directors may be reasonably withheld by such remaining Continuing Directors in the event that counsel to such remaining Continuing Directors advises such persons that, in such counsel's reasonable opinion, any such restructuring of the Distribution would adversely affect in any material respect the holders of Company Common Stock of record immediately prior to the consummation of the Offer 37 with respect to the income tax or securities law consequences of the Distribution). (b) Subject to Section 10.1 hereof, following the declaration by the Company's Board of Directors of the Record Date but prior to the Distribution Date, the Company shall deliver to the Agent one or more share certificates representing all of the outstanding shares of Spinco Common Stock (or other Spinco capital stock if necessary in the circumstances set forth in paragraph (a)(iii) above) to be distributed in the Distribution and shall instruct the Agent to distribute on the Distribution Date, (i) one share of Spinco Common Stock (or other Spinco capital stock if necessary in the circumstances set forth in paragraph (a)(iii) above) for each share of Company Common Stock owned to holders of record of Company Common Stock on the Record Date (subject to the provisions of any restricted stock or other benefit plan of the Company) and (ii) one share of Spinco Common Stock (or other Spinco capital stock if necessary in the circumstances set forth in paragraph (a)(iii) above) for each share of Company Common Stock subject to a Cancelled Company Option to the respective holders of such Cancelled Company Options (provided that the Agent shall not distribute the shares referred to in the preceding clause (ii) until promptly after the effective time of the Merger). Spinco agrees to provide all share certificates that the Agent shall require in order to effect the Distribution. All shares of Spinco Common Stock issued in the Distribution shall be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive rights. (c) Each of the parties hereto agrees that, immediately upon consummation of the Distribution, the Company shall not hold or beneficially own directly or indirectly any shares of Spinco Common Stock. Section 3.3. Termination of Certain Claims. Following the Distribution Date, Spinco shall have no claims against the Company, any Retained Subsidiary or any Affiliate of either based on any breach by the Company, and Retained Subsidiary or any of their respective Affiliates of any obligations under this Agreement that occurred on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, all of such claims being hereby irrevocably waived and terminated as of the Offer Purchase Date; provided that the fore- 38 going shall not limit the Company's liability for any breach by the Company or any Retained Subsidiary of any of their respective obligations under this Agreement that occurs following the Offer Purchase Date. ARTICLE IV INTERCOMPANY BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS ----------------------------------- Section 4.1. Settlement of Intercompany Accounts. (a) Except as expressly provided for in this Article IV, all intercompany and interdivisional receivables, payables, loans, cash overdrafts and other accounts in existence as of the Distribution Date between Spinco and the Spinco Companies, on the one hand, and the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries, on the other hand, under the Company's cash management program or otherwise (other than accounts, if any, which (x) are owed to or by any Spinco Company which is not an Affiliate of Spinco or the Company, (y) arose pursuant to the express terms and conditions of any Existing Intercompany Agreement and (z) are not yet payable pursuant to the provisions of such Intercompany Agreement), shall be settled by payment in full of such amounts effective immediately prior to the Restructuring. Following the date hereof, (i) no such intercompany transactions shall be entered into except (x) pursuant to the express terms and conditions of any Existing Intercompany Agreement and (y) in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past practice, and (ii) except with the prior written consent of the Parent, neither the Company, any Retained Subsidiary, Spinco or any Spinco Company shall enter into any Intercompany Agreement following the date hereof and prior to the Offer Purchase Date, except for any Intercompany Agreement which (x) is on terms and conditions entered into in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past practices and (y) is not otherwise significantly adverse to (i) the business, properties, operations, prospects, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company, any Retained Subsidiary or the Retained Business or (ii) the ability of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries to perform their respective obligations under this 39 Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement. (b) Following the Distribution Date, each of the Company and Spinco shall give the other party and any independent auditors of such other party full access at all reasonable times to the books and records of the Company and Spinco (and each of their respective Subsidiaries) relating to periods prior to the Distribution Date for purposes of verifying the amounts to be paid immediately prior to the Restructuring pursuant to Section 4.1(a) above and for resolving any disputes related thereto. The amounts settled shall, to the extent applicable, be calculated in accordance with Adjusted GAAP. (c) Except as otherwise expressly provided in Section 2.1(a) hereof, the Company and Spinco covenant and agree that no Capital Contributions may be made following the date hereof and prior to the Offer Purchase Date; provided that the Company may make a Capital Contribution at any time after (i) the Company notifies Parent in writing of the details of such Capital Contribution, and (ii) the parties hereto agree to reduce the Spinco Cash Amount otherwise payable by Parent as a result of such Capital Contribution (which shall include interest thereon (calculated at a compounded rate of interest equal to the commercial paper rate available to the Company as of the date hereof) following the date of such Capital Contribution) and (iii) the parties agree at such time as to the appropriate amount of such reduction in the event of a Capital Contribution which is in a form other than cash. Section 4.2. Settlements for Cash Collections and Disbursements After the Distribution Date. (a) For each calendar month commencing with the month in which the Distribution Date occurs and, unless sooner terminated by agreement of the parties, continuing for a period of two (2) years thereafter, (i) within 10 Business Days of the end of the month in question, the Company shall prepare, and Spinco shall fully cooperate in preparing, a statement of transactions which shall reflect a complete analysis of any cash collections and cash disbursements by the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries on behalf of Spinco and the Spinco Companies (including those relating to the Spinco Business) during 40 the relevant month and (ii) within 10 Business Days of the end of the month in question, Spinco shall prepare, and the Company shall fully cooperate in preparing, a statement of transactions which shall reflect a complete analysis of any cash collections and cash disbursements by Spinco and the Spinco Companies on behalf of the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries during the relevant month (including those relating to the Retained Business); provided in each case that, with respect to the first such monthly period such statement shall not reflect any cash collections or disbursements occurring prior to the Distribution Date. (b) Not later than five Business Days following delivery of each such monthly statement, Spinco shall pay to the Company or the Company shall pay to Spinco, as the case may be, in cash an amount necessary to eliminate the account balance as reflected in each such statement. Payments made pursuant to this Section 4.2 shall not, for any purposes of this Agreement, constitute Indemnifiable Losses or be set off against any other payments to be made, Liabilities asserted or claims made pursuant to this Agreement, including but not limited to Article V hereof, unless the Company and Spinco otherwise agree in writing. (c) Following the end of the two-year period referred to in Section 4.2(a) above (or such earlier period as the parties hereto may agree), (i) the Company shall promptly turn over to Spinco all cash and other similar amounts received by the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries which properly constitute Assets attributable to the Spinco Business and (ii) Spinco shall promptly turn over to the Company all cash and other similar amounts received by Spinco and the Spinco Companies which properly constitute Assets attributable to the Retained Business. Section 4.3. Transition Services. Following the Distribution Date and ending on the later of (i) the sixth month anniversary of the Distribution Date and (ii) December 31, 1996 (such period, the "Transition Services Period"), the Company shall provide to Spinco, at such times and in such amounts as may be reasonably requested by Spinco, those data processing, procurement support, travel support, communications, tax, accounting, legal, insurance, employee benefits and similar services which 41 have been customarily provided by the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries to the Spinco Business during the twelve months prior to the date hereof (collectively, the "Transition Services"). The Transition Services shall be provided at a cost calculated in accordance with the cost the Company currently assesses to the Spinco Companies and the Spinco Business for the same or similar services. Following the end of the calendar month in which any such Transition Services are performed, the Company shall provide to Spinco an invoice (the "Transition Services Invoice") setting forth in summary detail the Transition Services which were provided during such calendar month and the appropriate cost thereof. Spinco shall pay to the Company in cash in immediately available funds, in a reasonably prompt manner following the delivery by the Company of a Transition Services Invoice, the amounts due with respect to the Transition Services reflected on such Transition Services Invoice. The Transition Services Period may be extended for up to two six-month periods in the event that Spinco notifies the Company at least 30 days prior to the expiration of the then- current Transition Services Period of its intention to so extend the Transition Services Period. Section 4.4. Termination of Intercompany Arrangements. Each of the parties hereto agrees that, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Article IV, all Existing Intercompany Agreements in effect immediately prior to the Distribution Date shall not be deemed altered, amended or terminated as a result of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and shall otherwise remain in effect immediately after giving effect to the Restructuring (provided that nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to limit any party's ability to terminate any such Intercompany Agreement following the Distribution Date in accordance with the provisions of such Intercompany Agreement). 42 ARTICLE V SURVIVAL AND INDEMNIFICATION ---------------------------- Section 5.1. Survival of Agreements. The obligations under this Article V of each of Spinco and the Spinco Companies, on the one hand, and the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries, on the other hand, shall survive the sale or other transfer by it of any Assets or businesses or the assignment by it of any Liabilities. To the extent that Spinco or any of the Spinco Companies transfers directly or indirectly to any other person all or substantially all of the Spinco Assets or the Spinco Business, Spinco will cause the transferee of such SpincoAssets or Spinco Business to assume specifically its obligations under this Agreement with respect thereto and will cause such transferee to fulfill its obligations related to such Spinco Liabilities. Such assumption will not relieve Spinco of its obligations in respect thereof. To the extent that the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries transfers directly or indirectly to any other person all or substantially all of the Retained Assets or the Retained Business the Company will cause the transferee of such Retained Assets or Retained Business to assume specifically its obligations under this Agreement with respect thereto and will cause such transferee to fulfill its obligations related to such Retained Liabilities. Such assumption will not relieve the Company of its obligations in respect thereof. Spinco, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, agree that such transferee may exercise all of Spinco's or the Company's rights hereunder, as the case may be, with respect to such Assets or businesses. Section 5.2. Spinco's Agreement to Indemnify. (a) In addition to any indemnification required by Articles II, VI and VIII hereof, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, from and after the Distribution Date, Spinco shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company, each Retained Subsidiary, the Purchaser and Parent and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, representatives, advisors, agents and Affiliates (collectively, the "Parent Indemnified Parties") from, against and in respect of any and all Indemnifiable Losses of the Parent Indemnified Parties arising out of, relating to or re- 43 sulting from, directly or indirectly, (i) any misrepresentation or breach of warranty made by or on behalf of Spinco or, on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, made by or on behalf of the Company, which misrepresentation or breach of warranty is contained in this Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement, (ii) any breach of any agreement or covenant under this Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement on the part of Spinco or, on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, on the part of the Company, (iii) any and all Spinco Liabilities, (iv) the conduct of the Spinco Business or any part thereof on, prior to or following the Distribution Date, (v) any transfer of Spinco Assets to, or assumption of Spinco Liabilities by, Spinco or any Spinco Company in accordance with this Agreement or otherwise in connection with the Restructuring (other than any costs and expenses which have been expressly assumed by the Company pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement), (vi) any Indemnifiable Loss resulting from any claims that any statements or omissions relating to or describing, directly or indirectly, Spinco, any Spinco Company, the Spinco Business, any Spinco Asset or any Spinco Liability, and which occur on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date (A) in the Information Statement, the Form 10 or in any registration statement filed pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof (in each case other than with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Parent, the Purchaser or their Affiliates, representatives or advisors and other than any statements or omissions which relate solely to the Merger Agreement and this Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby and hereby), or (B) in any document(s) filed with the SEC by Spinco or any Spinco Company after the date hereof pursuant to either the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (in each case other than with respect to any statements or omissions which relate solely to the Merger Agreement and this Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby and hereby), which, in the case of either clause (A) or (B) above, are false or misleading with respect to any material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, (vii) the failure of the Company or Spinco to obtain any Final Order or other consent or approval of the FCC with respect to any of the transactions contemplated pursuant to either this Agreement or the Merger Agreement and (viii) 44 any Excluded Indemnifiable Losses (as defined below). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Spinco's indemnification obligations pursuant to this Section 5.2 shall not in any event include any Indemnifiable Losses arising out of or relating to Transaction Suits (as defined in Section 6.5), except to the extent of any Indemnifiable Losses (such Indemnifiable Losses, the "Excluded Indemnifiable Losses") which the Company is able to demonstrate resulted directly from (a) any statement or omission on the part of Spinco or any of its Affiliates in the documents referred to in Section 5.2(a)(vi) above or (b) any business activities, Assets or Liabilities of Spinco, any of the Spinco Companies or the Spinco Business. (b) Notwithstanding Spinco's obligations to indemnify Parent Indemnified Parties pursuant to Section 5.2(a) hereof, Spinco shall be obligated to indemnify the Parent Indemnified Parties only for those Indemnifiable Losses under clauses (i), (ii) or (vi) of Section 5.2(a) hereof as to which the Parent Indemnified Parties have given Spinco written notice thereof on or prior to the third anniversary of the Distribution Date (it being understood that there shall be no corresponding time limitation with respect to any Indemnifiable Losses arising under clauses (iii), (iv), (v), (vii) and (viii) of Section 5.2(a) hereof); provided further that claims with respect to breaches of covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement shall survive for the applicable statute of limitations period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if on or before the expiration of such indemnification period any Parent Indemnified Party has given notice to Spinco pursuant to Section 5.4 hereof of any matter which would be the basis for a claim of indemnification by such Parent Indemnified Party pursuant to Section 5.2(a), such Parent Indemnified Party shall have the right after the expiration of such indemnification period to assert or to continue to assert such claim and to be indemnified with respect thereto. Section 5.3. The Company's Agreement to Indemnify. (a) In addition to any indemnification required by Articles II, VI and VIII hereof, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, from and after the Distribution Date, the Company shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Spinco, each Spinco 45 Company and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, representatives, advisors, agents and Affiliates (collectively, the "Spinco Indemnified Parties") from, against and in respect of any and all Indemnifiable Losses of the Spinco Indemnified Parties arising out of, relating to or resulting from, directly or indirectly, (i) any breach of any agreement or covenant set forth in this Agreement or in the Stockholders Agreement on the part of Parent or the Purchaser or, following the Offer Purchase Date, on the part of the Company, (ii) any and all Retained Liabilities, (iii) the conduct of the Retained Business or any part thereof on, prior to or following the Distribution Date, (iv) any Indemnifiable Loss resulting from any claims that any statements or omissions (A) relating to or describing, directly or indirectly, Parent or the Purchaser, and which occur on or prior to the Offer Purchase Date in any Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 of the Company filed in connection with the Offer, the Information Statement, the Form 10 or in any registration statement filed pursuant to Section 3.1 or Section 3.3 hereof (in each case only to the extent of any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Parent, the Purchaser or their Affiliates, representatives or advisors), (B) in any Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 of the Purchaser or Parent filed in connection with the Offer (other than any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by the Company, any Retained Subsidiary, Spinco, any Spinco Company or any of their respective Affiliates, representatives or advisors), or (C) in any other document(s) filed after the date hereof by Parent or the Purchaser with the SEC pursuant to either the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (e.g., statements or omissions made in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed by either Parent or the Purchaser after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act), which, in the case of either clauses (A), (B) or (C) above, are false or misleading with respect to any material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (v) any Indemnifiable Loss arising out of or resulting from Transaction Suits (other than Excluded Indemnifiable Losses). Notwithstanding the foregoing and anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other agreement to 46 be entered into pursuant to this Agreement, the Company shall not be required to indemnify, defend and hold harmless any Spinco Indemnified Party from and against any Indemnifiable Loss resulting from any claims that the statements included in the Information Statement, the Form 10 or in any registration statement filed pursuant to Section 3.1 or Section 3.3 hereof (in each case other than statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Parent, the Purchaser or their Affiliates, representatives or advisors expressly for use therein) are false or misleading with respect to any material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. (b) Notwithstanding the Company's obligations to indemnify the Spinco Indemnified Parties pursuant to Section 5.3(a) hereof, the Company shall be obligated to indemnify the Spinco Indemnified Parties only for those Indemnifiable Losses under Sections 5.3(a)(i) and 5.3(a)(iv) hereof as to which the Spinco Indemnified Parties have given the Company written notice thereof on or prior to the expiration of any applicable statute of limitations period (it being understood that there shall be no corresponding time limitation with respect to any Indemnifiable Losses arising under clauses (ii) and (iii) of Section 5.3(a) hereof). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if on or before the expiration of such indemnification period any Spinco Indemnified Party has given notice to the Company pursuant to Section 5.4 hereof of any matter which would be the basis for a claim of indemnification by such Spinco Indemnified Party pursuant to Section 5.3(a), such Spinco Indemnified Party shall have the right after the expiration of such indemnification period to assert or to continue to assert such claim and to be indemnified with respect thereto. Section 5.4. Procedure for Indemnification. All claims for indemnification under this Article V shall be asserted and resolved as follows: (a) In the event that any claim or demand, or other circumstance or state of facts which could give rise to any claim or demand, for which an Indemnifying Party may be liable to an Indemnified Party hereunder 47 is asserted against or sought to be collected by a third party (an "Asserted Liability"), the Indemnified Party shall promptly notify the Indemnifying Party in writing of such Asserted Liability, specifying the nature of such Asserted Liability and the amount or the estimated amount thereof to the extent then feasible (which estimate shall not be conclusive of the final amount of such claim or demand) (the "Claim Notice"); provided that no delay on the part of the Indemnified Party in giving any such Claim Notice shall relieve the Indemnifying Party of any indemnification obligation hereunder unless (and then solely to the extent that) the Indemnifying Party is materially prejudiced by such delay. The Indemnifying Party shall have 20 days (or less if the nature of the Asserted Liability requires) from its receipt of the Claim Notice (the "Notice Period") to notify the Indemnified Party whether or not the Indemnifying Party desires, at the Indemnifying Party's sole cost and expense and by counsel of its own choosing, which shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Party, to defend against such Asserted Liability; provided that if, under applicable standards of professional conduct a conflict on any significant issue between the Indemnifying Party and any Indemnified Party exists in respect of such Asserted Liability, then the Indemnifying Party shall reimburse the Indemnified Party for the reasonable fees and expenses of one additional counsel to be retained in order to resolve such conflict, promptly upon presentation by the Indemnified Party of invoices or other documentation evidencing such amounts to be reimbursed. If the Indemnifying Party undertakes to defend against such Asserted Liability, the Indemnifying Party shall control the investigation, defense and settlement thereof; provided that (i) the Indemnifying Party shall use its reasonable efforts to defend and protect the interests of the Indemnified Party with respect to such Asserted Liability, (ii) the Indemnified Party, prior to or during the period in which the Indemnifying Party assumes control of such matter, may take such reasonable actions as the Indemnified Party deems necessary to preserve any and all rights with respect to such matter, without such actions being construed as a waiver of the Indemnified Party's rights to defense and indemnification pursuant to this Agreement, and (iii) the Indemnifying Party shall not, without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party, consent to any settlement which (A) imposes any Liabilities on the Indemnified Party (other than those Liabili- 48 ties which the Indemnifying Party agrees to promptly pay or discharge), and (B) with respect to any non-monetary provision of such settlement, would be likely, in the Indemnified Party's reasonable judgment, to have an adverse effect on the business operations, assets, properties or prospects of Parent, the Company or the Retained Business (in the case of a Parent Indemnified Party), Spinco or the Spinco Business (in the case of a Spinco Indemnified Party), or such Indemnified Party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to control, pay or settle any Asserted Liability which the Indemnifying Party shall have undertaken to defend so long as the Indemnified Party shall also waive any right to indemnification therefor by the Indemnifying Party. If the Indemnifying Party undertakes to defend against such Asserted Liability, the Indemnified Party shall cooperate fully with the Indemnifying Party and its counsel in the investigation, defense and settlement thereof. If the Indemnified Party desires to participate in any such defense it may do so at its sole cost and expense. If the Indemnifying Party does not undertake within the Notice Period to defend against such Asserted Liability, then the Indemnifying Party shall have the right to participate in any such defense at its sole cost and expense, but the Indemnified Party shall control the investigation, defense and settlement thereof (provided that the Indemnified Party may not settle any such Asserted Liability without obtaining the prior written consent of the Indemnifying Party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld by the Indemnifying Party; provided that in the event that the Indemnifying Party is in material breach at such time of the provisions of this Section 5.4, then the Indemnified Party shall not be obligated to obtain such prior written consent of the Indemnifying Party) at the reasonable cost and expense of the Indemnifying Party (which shall be paid by the Indemnifying Party promptly upon presentation by the Indemnified Party of invoices or other documentation evidencing the amounts to be indemnified). The Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party agree to make available to each other, their counsel and other representatives, all information and documents available to them which relate to such claim or demand (subject to the confidentiality provisions of Section 7.5 hereof); provided that no party hereto shall be obligated to disclose any information which would result in the waiver of any attorney- client, attorney work product or other 49 similar privileges, if the disclosure of such information would be materially prejudicial to such disclosing party. The Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party and the Company and its employees also agree to render to each other such assistance and cooperation as may reasonably be required to ensure the proper and adequate defense of such claim or demand. (b) In the event that an Indemnified Party should have a claim against the Indemnifying Party hereunder which does not involve a claim or demand being asserted against or sought to be collected from it by a third party, the Indemnified Party shall send a Claim Notice with respect to such claim to the Indemnifying Party. The Indemnifying Party shall have 20 days from the date such Claim Notice is delivered during which to notify the Indemnified Party in writing of any good faith objections it has to the Indemnified Party's Claim Notice or claims for indemnification, setting forth in reasonable detail each of the Indemnifying Party's objections thereto. If the Indemnifying Party does not deliver such written notice of objection within such 20-day period, the Indemnifying Party shall be deemed to have accepted responsibility for the prompt payment of the Indemnified Party's claims for indemnification, and shall have no further right to contest the validity of such indemnification claims. If the Indemnifying Party does deliver such written notice of objection within such 20-day period, the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party shall attempt in good faith to resolve any such dispute within 30 days of the delivery by the Indemnifying Party of such written notice of objection. If the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party are unable to resolve any such dispute within such 30-day period, then either the Indemnifying Party or the Indemnified Party shall be free to pursue any remedies which may be available to such party under applicable Law. Section 5.5. Miscellaneous Indemnification Provisions. (a) The Indemnifying Party agrees to indemnify any successors of the Indemnified Party to the same extent and in the same manner and on the same terms and conditions as the Indemnified Party is indemnified by the Indemnifying Party under this Article V. In the event that any claim for indemnification under either 50 Articles II, V, VI or VIII hereof meets the criteria of more than one of the types of claims for which indemnification is provided for under such provisions, the Indemnified Party, in its sole discretion, shall classify such claim and only be required to include such claim, and the recoveries for indemnification therefrom, in one of such categories. No investigation made by any party hereto shall affect any representation or warranty of the other party's hereto contained in this Agreement or in the Schedules attached hereto or any certificate, document or other instrument delivered in connection herewith. The consummation by Parent of the Offer pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, either with or without knowledge of a breach of warranty or covenant or misrepresentation by any party hereto, shall not constitute a waiver of any claim by any Parent Indemnified Party for Indemnifiable Losses with respect to such breach or misrepresentation. In determining the amount of Indemnifiable Losses to which a Parent Indemnified Party or Spinco Indemnified Party (as the case may be) is entitled to indemnification hereunder, an arbitration panel, court or tribunal may take into consideration, where appropriate and without duplication, any diminution in the aggregate value of the Retained Business or the Spinco Business (as the case may be). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the assignment of any party's rights hereunder to any other person or entity shall not limit, affect or prejudice the ability of the assigning party to continue to enforce any rights of indemnification hereunder or other rights hereunder in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement. (b) In determining the amount of any indemnity payable under this Article V, such amount shall be reduced by (x) any related tax benefits if and when actually realized or received (but only after taking into account any tax benefits (including, without limitation, any net operating losses or other deductions) to which the Indemnified Party would be entitled without regard to such item), except to the extent such recovery has already been taken into account in determining the amount of any indemnity payable under Articles II, V, VI or VIII hereof, and (y) any insurance recovery if and when actually realized or received, in each case in respect of such Asserted Liability. Any such recovery shall be promptly repaid by the Indemnified Party to the Indemni- 51 fying Party following the time at which such recovery is realized or received pursuant to the previous sentence, minus all reasonably allocable costs, charges and expenses incurred by the Indemnified Party in obtaining such recovery. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (x) the amount of Indemnifiable Losses for which the Indemnifying Party is obligated to indemnify the Indemnified Party is reduced by any tax benefit or insurance recovery in accordance with the provisions of the previous sentence, and (y) the Indemnified Party subsequently is required to repay the amount of any such tax benefit or insurance recovery or such tax benefit or insurance recovery is disallowed, then the obligation of the Indemnifying Party to indemnify with respect to such amounts shall be reinstated immediately and such amounts shall be paid promptly to the Indemnified Party in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. (c) In the event that a dispute between any Indemnifying Party and any Indemnified Party concerning the existence of a right or obligation to indemnity under this Agreement is determined by any arbitration panel or any court or tribunal, the reasonable fees and expenses of the attorneys for the party which is principally prevailing in such action shall be paid by the party which is not principally prevailing in such action. (d) All amounts owing under this Article V shall bear interest at a fluctuating rate of interest equal to the rate of interest from time to time announced by Citibank, N.A. in New York, New York as its prime lending rate, computed from the time such Damage, cost or expense was incurred or suffered to the date of payment therefor. (e) The remedies provided by this Article V shall be the parties' sole and exclusive remedies for the recovery of any Indemnifiable Losses resulting, from or arising out of or related to misrepresentations, breaches of warranties, and non-fulfillment of obligations under this Agreement, except those arising from or arising out of or related to fraud; provided that the provisions of this Section 5.5(e) shall not limit the ability of any party to seek injunctive or similar relief pursuant to Section 11.11 hereof. 52 (f) The parties hereto agree that, notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary, in the event of any breach of the representation and warranty set forth in Section 6.1(c)(i) hereof, in addition to the indemnities provided for in this Article V, Spinco shall either (a) secure the prompt release of the Company, the Retained Companies, the Retained Business and any affected Parent Indemnified Party from all obligations and Liabilities relating to those Spinco Liabilities or Spinco Indebtedness for which the Company, the Retained Companies, the Retained Business or any affected Parent Indemnified Party is or has become liable, directly or indirectly, as borrower, surety, guarantor or otherwise (or with respect to which any of the Retained Assets is or has become bound by or subject to) or (b) promptly prepay, redeem, purchase or defease (pursuant to a trust arrangement reasonably acceptable to Parent) in full all such Spinco Liabilities or Spinco Indebtedness. Spinco shall take or cause to be taken all actions, execute such agreements, documents or instruments, and do or cause to be done all things, necessary, proper or advisable under the terms of the agreements governing the Spinco Liability or Spinco Indebtedness in question and under the provisions of applicable Law, or as Parent may otherwise reasonably request, in connection with the fulfillment of Spinco's obligations under this Section 5.5(f). Section 5.6. Pending Litigation. Following the Distribution Date, (a) Spinco shall have exclusive authority and control over the investigation, prosecution, defense and appeal of all pending Actions relating primarily to the Spinco Business, the Spinco Assets or the Spinco Liabilities (each, a "Spinco Action"), and may settle or compromise, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any such Action without the consent of the Company, and (b) the Company shall have exclusive authority and control over the investigation, prosecution, defense and appeal of all pending Actions relating primarily to the Retained Business, the Retained Assets or the Retained Liabilities (each, a "Retained Action"), and may settle or compromise, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any such Action without the consent of Spinco; provided that if both the Company and Spinco are named as parties to any Spinco Action or Retained Action, neither the Company nor Spinco (nor any of their respective Subsidiaries) may settle or 53 compromise, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any such Action without the prior written consent of the other party (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld) if such settlement, compromise or consent to such judgment includes any form of injunctive relief binding upon such other party. Spinco shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless each of the Parent Indemnified Parties, and the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each of the Spinco Indemnified Parties, in the manner provided in this Article V, from and against all Indemnifiable Losses arising out of or resulting from each such Action over which such indemnifying party has authority and control pursuant to this Section 5.6. Section 5.7. Construction of Agreements. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary, in the event and to the extent that there shall be a conflict between the provisions of this Article V and the provisions of any other part of this Agreement or any exhibit or schedule hereto, the provisions of this Article V shall control, and in the event and to the extent that there shall be a conflict between the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, the provisions of this Article V) and the provisions of the Tax Sharing Agreement, the provisions of the Tax Sharing Agreement shall control. ARTICLE VI CERTAIN ADDITIONAL MATTERS -------------------------- Section 6.1. Representations or Warranties; Disclaimers. (a) It is the explicit intent of each party hereto that no party to this Agreement or to the Merger Agreement is making any representation or warranty whatsoever, express or implied, in this Agreement, the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement or in any other agreement contemplated hereby or thereby, except those representations and warranties expressly set forth in this Agreement. Each of the parties hereto agrees, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, that none of them nor any of their Affiliates, agents or representatives shall have any liability or responsibility whatsoever to any such other party 54 hereto or such other party's Affiliates, agents or representatives on any basis (including, without limitation, in contract or tort, under federal or state securities laws or otherwise) based upon any information provided or made available, or statements made, to any such other party or such other party's Affiliates, agents or representatives (or any omissions therefrom), including, without limitation, in respect of the specific representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement and the Merger Agreement and the covenants and agreements set forth in the Merger Agreement, except (i) as and only to the extent expressly set forth in the indemnification provisions of Article V hereof and as otherwise expressly set forth herein (subject to the limitations and restrictions contained herein), and (ii) with respect to breaches of the covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement. (b) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, it is understood and agreed (a) that neither Parent, the Company nor any of the Retained Subsidiaries is, in this Agreement or in any other agreement or document contemplated by this Agreement, representing or warranting in any way as to the value or freedom from encumbrance of, or any other matter concerning, any Spinco Assets, (b) that the Spinco Assets are being transferred "as is, where is" and (c) that, subject to the obligations of the Company set forth in Sections 2.1(b) and 6.2 hereof, Spinco shall bear the risk that any conveyances of the Spinco Assets might be insufficient or that Spinco's or any of the Spinco Company's title to any Retained Assets shall be other than good and marketable and free from encumbrances. Similarly, it is understood and agreed that neither Parent, the Company nor any of the Retained Subsidiaries is, in this Agreement or in any other agreement or document contemplated by this Agreement, representing or warranting to Spinco or any Spinco Indemnified Party in any way that the obtaining of the consents and approvals, the execution and delivery of any amendatory agreements and the making of the filings and applications contemplated by this Agreement shall satisfy the provisions of any or all applicable agreements or the requirements of all applicable Laws or judgments. (c) Spinco represents and warrants to the Company that (i) except as expressly provided in the 55 Globalstar Bank Guarantee (as amended pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.5 hereof), neither the Company nor any of the Retained Subsidiaries will, after giving effect to the Restructuring, be liable directly or indirectly, as borrower, surety, guarantor, indemnitor or otherwise, with respect to (and that none of the Retained Assets shall be bound by or subject to) any of the Spinco Liabilities or any Spinco Indebtedness, (ii) there are no Intercompany Agreements in effect as of the date hereof, which, either individually or in the aggregate, are materially adverse to (i) the business, properties, operations, prospects, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Retained Business or (ii) the ability of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries to perform their respective obligations under this Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement, (iii) there are no Spinco Assets which have been used within the Retained Business within one year prior to the date hereof, other than those Spinco Assets which are listed on Section 6.2(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, (iv) except as set forth in Section 6.1(c)(iv) of the Disclosure Schedule, neither Spinco nor any Spinco Company shall, immediately after giving effect to the Restructuring and the Distribution, own, hold or lease, in whole or in part, any of the assets, properties, licenses and rights which are reasonably necessary to carry on the Retained Business as presently conducted, and (v) prior to, on or shortly after the Distribution Date, GTL or Globalstar (as the case may be) will issue to the Company the Guarantee Warrants described in the Globalstar Warrant Memorandum and the term sheet set forth on Exhibit A-1 attached hereto, which warrants will be on the terms and conditions described in the Globalstar Warrant Memorandum and shall otherwise be on such terms and conditions as are customary to transactions of a similar nature. Section 6.2. Further Assurances; Subsequent Transfers. (a) To the extent that any of the transfers, distributions and deliveries required to be made pursuant to Article II shall not have been so consummated prior to the Distribution Date, the parties shall cooperate and use their best efforts to effect such consummation as promptly thereafter as reasonably practicable. Each of the parties hereto will execute and deliver such 56 further instruments of transfer and distribution and will take such other actions as any party hereto may reasonably request in order to effectuate the purposes of this Agreement and to carry out the terms hereof. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, at any time and from time to time after the Distribution Date, at the request of Spinco or any of its Subsidiaries, each party hereto will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, execute and deliver such other instruments of transfer and distribution, and take such action as any party hereto may reasonably request in order to more effectively transfer, convey and assign to such requesting party or to the Subsidiaries of such requesting party and to confirm the right, title or interest held by such requesting party or any of the Subsidiaries of such requesting party, in the Assets to be transferred to such requesting party (or its Subsidiaries) pursuant to this Agreement, to put such requesting party and its Subsidiaries in actual possession and operating control thereof and to permit such requesting party and its Subsidiaries to exercise all rights with respect thereto (including, without limitation, rights under contracts and other arrangements as to which the consent of any third party to the transfer thereof shall not have previously been obtained) and to properly assume and discharge the related Liabilities. (b) Each of the parties hereto agrees to use its respective best efforts, at the Company's reasonable expense, to obtain any consents required to transfer and assign to (i) Spinco all agreements, leases, licenses and other rights of any nature whatsoever relating to the Spinco Assets, and (ii) the Company all agreements, leases, licenses and other rights of any nature whatsoever relating to the Retained Assets. In the event and to the extent that any party hereto or any of its Subsidiaries is unable to obtain any such required consents, (i) such party (or any Subsidiary that is a party to such agreements, leases, licenses and other rights, as the case may be) shall continue to be bound thereby (such person, the "Record Holder") and (ii) the party to which such Asset would otherwise be transferred pursuant to this Agreement (the "Beneficial Holder") shall pay, perform and discharge fully all the obligations of the Record Holder thereunder from and after the Distribution Date and indemnify such Record Holder for all Indemnifiable Losses arising out of such performance by 57 such Record Holder. The Record Holder shall, without further consideration therefor, pay, assign and remit to the Beneficial Holder promptly all monies, rights and other consideration received in respect of such performance. The Record Holder shall exercise or exploit its rights and options under all such agreements, leases, licenses and other rights and commitments referred to in this Section 6.2(b) only as reasonably directed by the Beneficial Holder and at the Beneficial Holder's expense. If and when any such consent shall be obtained or such agreement, lease, license or other right shall otherwise become assignable, the Record Holder shall promptly assign all its rights and obligations thereunder to the Beneficial Holder without payment of further consideration and the Beneficial Holder shall, without the payment of any further consideration therefor, assume such rights and obligations. (c) In the event that, subsequent to the Distribution Date, the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries shall either (i) receive written notice from Spinco or any of the Spinco Companies that certain specified Assets of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries which properly constitute Spinco Assets were not transferred to it on or prior to the Distribution Date or (ii) determine that certain Assets of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries which constitute Spinco Assets were not transferred to Spinco or any of the Spinco Companies on or prior to the Distribution Date, then as promptly as practicable thereafter, the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, take all steps reasonably necessary to transfer and deliver any and all of such Assets to Spinco or its Subsidiaries at the recipient's reasonable expense. In the event that, subsequent to the Distribution Date, Spinco or any of the Spinco Companies shall either (i) receive written notice from the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries that certain specified Assets were transferred to Spinco or its Subsidiaries which properly constitute Retained Assets, or (ii) determine that certain Assets of Spinco or the Spinco Companies which constitute Retained Assets were transferred to Spinco or the Spinco Companies, then as promptly as practicable thereafter, Spinco shall, and shall cause the Spinco Companies to, take all steps reasonably necessary to transfer and deliver any and all of such Assets to the Company or the Company's Subsid- 58 iaries at the recipient's reasonable expense without the payment by the Company of any consideration therefor. Section 6.3. The Spinco Board. Spinco and the Company shall take all actions which may be required to elect or otherwise appoint, on or prior to the Distribution Date, those individuals that the Board of Directors of the Company (as in effect prior to the consummation of the Offer) may designate as directors of Spinco. Section 6.4. Use of Names. Following the Distribution Date, Spinco and each of the Spinco Companies shall have the sole and exclusive ownership of and right to use, as between the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and Spinco and each of the Spinco Companies, on the other hand, the "Loral" name and each of the names used (or formerly used) in the Spinco Business (the "Spinco Names"), and each of the trade marks, trade names, service marks and other proprietary rights related to such Spinco Names as set forth on Section 6.4 of the Disclosure Schedule (the "Spinco Proprietary Name Rights"); provided that the Company, the Retained Business and each of the Retained Subsidiaries is hereby granted a perpetual, fully paid-up, worldwide, non-exclusive license with respect to such Spinco Names and Spinco Proprietary Name Rights to the extent necessary to enable the Company, the Retained Business and each of the Retained Subsidiaries to continue to use such rights in their respective businesses with respect to (x) those governmental Contracts of the Retained Business (and any programs thereunder) in existence as of the Offer Purchase Date or those governmental programs for which a bid has been submitted prior to the Offer Purchase Date, and (y) those products and services of the type manufactured or sold by them on the date hereof or at any time during the last five years or under current development by them as of the date hereof. Following the Distribution Date, the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries shall have the sole and exclusive ownership of and right to use, as between Spinco and each of the Spinco Companies, on the one hand, and the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries, on the other hand, all names used (or formerly used) by the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries as of such date other than the Spinco Names (the "Company Names"), and all other trade marks, trade names, service marks and other proprietary rights owned or used by the Company or any of the Retai- 59 ned Subsidiaries as of such date other than the Spinco Proprietary Name Rights (the "Company Proprietary Name Rights"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, following the Distribution Date, (x) the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries and other Affiliates to, take all action reasonably necessary to cease using, and change as soon as commercially practicable (including by amending any charter documents), any corporate or other names which are the same as or confusingly similar to any of the Spinco Names or any of the Spinco Proprietary Name Rights, and (y) Spinco shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries and other Affiliates to, take all action reasonably necessary to cease using, and change as soon as commercially practicable (including by amending any charter documents), any corporate or other names which are the same as or confusingly similar to any of the Company Names or any of the Company Proprietary Name Rights. Section 6.5. Litigation Relating to Transaction. (a) Following the date hereof, in the event that any Action is commenced against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries challenging either the Merger Agreement, this Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated therein or herein (any such Action, a "Transaction Suit"), then the Company shall provide promptly to Parent copies of all material pleadings sent or received after the date hereof by the Company or its counsel with respect to any such Transaction Suit(s). (b) Parent shall be entitled to participate in the defense of each Transaction Suit and to employ counsel at its own expense to assist in the handling of each such Transaction Suit. The Company shall not settle or compromise any Transaction Suit or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any such Transaction Suit, without the prior written consent of Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). (c) Following the Distribution Date, Spinco shall be entitled to participate in the defense of each Transaction Suit to which it or any of its Affiliates is a party, and to employ counsel at its own expense to assist in the handling of each such Transaction Suit. 60 Following the Distribution Date, the Company shall not settle or compromise any Transaction Suit to which Spinco or any of its Affiliates is a party or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any such Transaction Suit, without the prior written consent of Spinco (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). Section 6.6. Spinco Equity Arrangements. On or prior to the Offer Purchase Date, Spinco, the Company and each Retained Subsidiary which will be a holder of Spinco Preferred Stock immediately after giving effect to the Restructuring, shall each execute and deliver to the other counterparts of a stockholders agreement with respect to such Spinco Preferred Stock in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto. Section 6.7. Post-Closing Business Relationships. (a) License of Existing Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and the Retained Subsidiaries hereby grant to each of Spinco and the Spinco Companies, effective as of the Distribution Date, a perpetual, fully paid-up, worldwide, non-exclusive license with respect to the Intellectual Property Rights to the extent necessary to enable Spinco and the Spinco Companies to continue to use the Intellectual Property Rights in their respective businesses with respect to those products and services thereof of the type manufactured or sold by them on the date hereof or at any time during the last five years or under current development by them as of the date hereof; provided that neither Spinco nor any of the Spinco Companies shall be permitted to sublicense or otherwise transfer any of the Intellectual Property Rights referred to in this Section 6.7(a) to any Person other than an Affiliate of Spinco. Each of Spinco and the Spinco Companies acknowledges and agrees that neither the Company nor the Retained Subsidiaries nor any of their respective Affiliates is making any representations or warranties with respect to the ownership, validity, efficacy or other matters relating to any of the Intellectual Property Rights referred to in this Section 6.7(a). (b) License of Certain Other Intellectual Property Rights. During the period commencing after the Distribution Date and ending on the third anniversary 61 thereof, the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries shall, at the request of Spinco or any Spinco Company, grant to Spinco or such Spinco Company a non- exclusive license for those applications reasonably related to the Spinco Business with respect to any Intellectual Property Rights not already covered by paragraph (a) above, which grant shall be made on terms and conditions no less favorable than those terms and conditions which may from time to time be extended generally by Parent to third parties with respect to similar products, services or applications; provided that neither the Company nor any of the Retained Subsidiaries shall be obligated to license to Spinco or any Spinco Company any of the Intellectual Rights referred to in this Section 6.7(b) if such Intellectual Property Rights relate to any product or service which competes with or will compete with those products or services of the type manufactured or sold by Parent, any Subsidiary of Parent, the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries on the date thereof or at any time during the previous five years or under current development by them as of the date thereof. (c) Certain General Licensing Provisions. The license of Intellectual Property Rights granted pursuant to this Section 6.7 shall not affect the rights of the Company or any of the Retained Subsidiaries to use, disclose or otherwise freely deal with any Intellectual Property Rights licensed hereunder and shall be subject to and limited by (x) all Contracts and obligations, entered into prior to the date on which the license in question was granted, in any way affecting the Company's ability to license the Intellectual Property Rights and (y) the provisions of applicable Law. Spinco agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and each Parent Indemnified Party in accordance with the indemnification provisions of Article V hereof, from and against any and all Indemnifiable Losses of the Company and any such Parent Indemnified Party arising out of, relating to or resulting from the license of any Intellectual Property Rights to Spinco or any Spinco Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.7(a) above or any failure by Spinco or any Spinco Company to perform and abide by all obligations, restrictions, conditions and agreements applicable to the Intellectual Property Rights licensed to Spinco or any Spinco Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.7(a) above. 62 (d) Technical Services. During the period commencing after the Distribution Date and ending on the third anniversary thereof (and for successive periods of three years provided that Spinco notifies the Company in writing, no less than six months nor more than nine months prior to the end of the three-year period in question, of Spinco's intention to continue seeking the services set forth in this Section 6.7(d) during the following three-year period), and subject to existing commitments, obligations and availability, and upon reasonable notice, Parent and its Subsidiaries shall use their reasonable efforts to make available to Spinco and the Spinco Companies those personnel and facilities reasonably designated by Parent or the Company to provide such research and development, technological and technical consulting and support services and other similar consulting and support services (such services, the "Technical Services"), to the extent reasonably requested by Spinco or the Spinco Companies from time to time. The Technical Services shall be provided at a cost calculated in accordance with the "fully-allocated" cost (which shall include all direct and indirect expenses of Parent or the Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries or any other entity which is providing the Technical Services in question, and which shall be allocated in a manner consistent with the Parent's or the Company's past practices (as the case may be) with respect to the allocation of costs to its Subsidiaries. Following the end of the calendar month in which any such Technical Services are performed, the Company shall provide to Spinco or the Spinco Subsidiary in question an invoice (the "Technical Services Invoice") setting forth in summary detail the Technical Services which were provided during such calendar month and the appropriate cost thereof. Spinco or the Spinco Subsidiary in question shall pay to the Company in cash in a reasonably prompt manner following the delivery by the Company of a Technical Services Invoice, the amounts due with respect to the Technical Services reflected on such Technical Services Invoice. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that (x) the specific terms and conditions of the Technical Services to be provided hereunder (to the extent not otherwise specified and to the extent not inconsistent with the provisions of this Section 6.7(d)) shall be on terms and conditions similar to those terms and conditions which may from time to time be extended generally by or to Parent to or from third parties with respect to similar services (except as 63 the parties may otherwise mutually agree) and (y) any Intellectual Property Rights created primarily in connection with the delivery of Technical Services to Spinco or the Spinco Subsidiary (as the case may be) shall be the property of Spinco or the Spinco Subsidiary (as the case may be); provided that Parent, the Company and each of their respective Affiliates are hereby granted a perpetual, fully paid-up, worldwide, non-exclusive license with respect to all such Intellectual Property Rights (provided further that neither Parent nor any of its Affiliates shall be permitted to sublicense or otherwise transfer any of the Intellectual Property Rights referred to in this Section 6.7(d) to any Person other than an Affiliate of such party). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 6.7(d), SSL shall not be entitled to request or to receive, either directly or indirectly, any Technical Services or any Intellectual Property Rights relating thereto (nor may Spinco, nor any Affiliate of either Spinco or SSL, request or receive any such Technical Services or Intellectual Property Rights on behalf of SSL) unless and until SSL shall have entered into an unconditional release (which shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Parent) in favor of Parent and its Affiliates with respect to any and all Liabilities relating to the SSL Lawsuit (provided that in the event that SSL delivers to Parent a release which satisfies the provisions of this sentence, Parent agrees to promptly deliver to SSL a similar release with respect to such SSL Lawsuit). Section 6.8. No Restrictions on Post-Closing Competitive Activities. It is the explicit intent of each of the parties hereto that the provisions of this Agreement shall not include any non-competition or other similar restrictive arrangements with respect to the range of business activities which may be conducted by the parties hereto. Accordingly, each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that nothing set forth in this Agreement shall be construed to create any explicit or implied restriction or other limitation on (a) the ability of any party hereto to engage in any business or other activity which competes with the business of any other party hereto, or (b) the ability of any party to engage in any specific line of business or engage in any business activity in any specific geographic area. 64 Section 6.9. CCD Lawsuit. (a) The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that prior to the Distribution Date, the Company shall have complete and exclusive control and management over the CCD Lawsuit. On the Distribution Date, immediately prior to the Distribution, Spinco shall acquire an interest in the CCD lawsuit pursuant to the transfers set forth in Section 2.1(a)(viii), which transfers shall be effected by the Company and its Subsidiaries, with the consent of Parent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld), entering into any agreements or stipulations, including, but not limited to, an assignment of the action to Spinco, as may reasonably be required to (i) grant to Spinco complete and exclusive control and management of the CCD Lawsuit (including, but not limited to, the prosecution, defense or settlement of such action) and (ii) grant to Spinco the exclusive right to any and all proceeds or awards resulting or derived from the CCD Lawsuit; provided that Spinco shall pay all fees and expenses relating to the CCD Lawsuit and Spinco hereby agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and each Parent Indemnified Party in accordance with the indemnification provisions of Article V hereof, from and against any and all Indemnifiable Losses of the Company and any such Parent Indemnified Party with respect to the CCD Lawsuit (including, without limitation, with respect to any countersuit relating thereto). The Company agrees that it shall provide reasonable cooperation to Spinco in connection with the CCD Lawsuit, including, but not limited to, reasonable access to such books, records and employees of the Company as may be reasonably necessary in order for Spinco to prosecute or defend the CCD Lawsuit or any other Action related thereto. (b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 6.9, Spinco shall not, without the prior written consent of Parent, consent to any settlement which (A) imposes any Liabilities on Parent (other than those Liabilities which Spinco agrees to promptly pay or discharge), and (B) with respect to any non-monetary provision of such settlement, would be likely, in Parent's reasonable judgment, to have an adverse effect on the business operations, assets, properties or prospects of Parent, the Company or the Retained Business. Nothing in this Section 6.9 shall be construed in any manner to vitiate any of the collective 65 rights of the Company, the Retained Subsidiaries and Spinco under the CCD Lawsuit and the rights being asserted thereunder in relation to any third party, and the parties hereto shall take all reasonable actions necessary to ensure the foregoing. ARTICLE VII ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND SERVICES ---------------------------------- Section 7.1. Provision of Corporate Records. Except as provided in the following sentence, on the Distribution Date, the Company shall deliver to Spinco all corporate books and records (including all active agreements, active litigation files and government filings) which are corporate records of Spinco or any of the Spinco Companies and which relate primarily to the Spinco Assets, the Spinco Business or the Spinco Liabilities, including, without limitation, original corporate minute books, stock ledgers and certificates and corporate seals of each corporation the capital stock of which is included in the Spinco Assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have the right to retain the original copies of any such documents which also relate to the Retained Assets, the Retained Business or the Retained Liabilities, provided that it provides Spinco with copies of, and reasonable access to, such materials after the Distribution Date. Also on the Distribution Date, the Company shall provide to Spinco lists of trademarks, patents, copyrights and other intellectual property set forth in clause (iii) of the definition of "Assets" herein included in the Spinco Assets. Section 7.2. Access to Information. Subject to the confidentiality provisions of Section 7.5 hereof, from and after the Distribution Date (i) Spinco shall afford to the Company and its authorized accountants, counsel and other designated representatives reasonable access (including, without limitation, using reasonable efforts to give access to persons or firms possessing Information (as defined below)) and duplicating rights during normal business hours to all records, books, contracts, instruments, computer data and other data and information (collectively, "Information") within Spinco's possession relating to the Spinco Assets, the Spinco Business and the Spinco Liabilities, insofar as such 66 access is reasonably required by the Company, and (ii) the Company shall afford to Spinco and its authorized accountants, counsel and other designated representatives reasonable access (including, without limitation, using reasonable efforts to give access to persons or firms possessing Information) and duplicating rights during normal business hours to all Information within the Company's possession relating to the Retained Assets, the Retained Business and the Retained Liabilities, insofar as such access is reasonably required by Spinco. Information may be requested under this Article VII for, without limitation, audit, accounting, claims, litigation and tax purposes, as well as for purposes of fulfilling disclosure and reporting obligations. Section 7.3. Production of Witnesses. From and after the Distribution Date, each party shall use reasonable efforts to make available to the other party, upon written request, its officers, directors, employees and agents as witnesses to the extent that any such person may reasonably be required in connection with any legal, administrative or other proceedings in which the requesting party may from time to time be involved. Section 7.4. Retention of Records. Except as otherwise required by Law or agreed to in writing, Spinco and the Company shall each retain, for a period of at least seven years following the Distribution Date, all significant Information relating to (i) in the case of the Company, the Spinco Business and (ii) in the case of Spinco, the Retained Business. Notwithstanding the foregoing, either Spinco or the Company may destroy or otherwise dispose of any of such Information at any time, provided that, prior to such destruction or disposal, (a) Spinco or the Company, as the case may be, shall provide no less than 90 or more than 120 days' prior written notice to the other party, specifying the Information proposed to be destroyed or disposed of and (b) if the other party shall request in writing prior to the scheduled date for such destruction or disposal that any of the Information proposed to be destroyed or disposed of be delivered to the other party, Spinco or the Company, as the case may be, shall promptly arrange for the delivery of such of the Information as was requested, at the expense of the other party. 67 Section 7.5. Confidentiality. (a) Each party shall hold, and shall cause its officers, employees, agents, consultants and advisors to hold, in strict confidence, unless compelled to disclose by judicial or administrative process or, in the reasonable opinion of its counsel, by other requirements of Law, all confidential, proprietary or other non-public information or trade secrets concerning the other party (or such other party's business operations or the business operations of such other party's Affiliates) which is furnished it by such other party or its representatives pursuant to either the Merger Agreement, this Agreement or the Confidentiality Agreement (collectively, the "Confidential Information"). None of the parties hereto nor any of their respective Affiliates shall use for their own benefit or purposes, or release or disclose to any other person or entity, any such Confidential Information (except, to the extent reasonably required, for disclosure to those of such party's auditors, attorneys and other representatives who agree to be bound by the provisions of this Section 7.5). Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event any party hereto is requested to disclose any Confidential Information to any third party pursuant to any judicial or administrative process or, in the reasonable opinion of its counsel, any other requirements of Law, the party from whom such disclosure is sought shall (x) notify the other parties hereto as soon as reasonably practicable of such request for disclosure, (y) disclose only that portion of the Confidential Information which it reasonably believes, following the advice of counsel, is necessary in order to comply with such judicial or administrative process or other requirements of Law, and (z) cooperate with the other parties hereto in seeking to narrow the scope of any such third party request for disclosure). (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term "Confidential Information" shall not include information (a) which is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of disclosure of such information by the disclosing party or any of its Affiliates or representatives, (b) becomes available to the recipient of such information on a non-confidential basis from a source which is not, to the recipient's knowledge, bound by a confidentiality or other similar agreement, or by any other legal, contractual or fiduciary obligation 68 which prohibits disclosure of such information to the other party hereto, or (c) which can be demonstrated to have been developed independently by the representatives of such recipient which representatives have not had any access to any information which would otherwise be deemed to be "Confidential Information" pursuant to the provisions of this Section 7.5. ARTICLE VIII EMPLOYEE MATTERS ---------------- Section 8.1. Officers and Employees. Except as otherwise specified by Spinco prior to the Offer Purchase Date, the executive officers of the Company shall be the executive officers of Spinco on and after the Distribution Date. Effective as of the Distribution Date, (a) those Retained Employees who are employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries immediately prior to the Distribution Date shall become employees of the Company in the same capacities as then held by such employees (or in such other capacities as the Company shall determine in its sole discretion) and (b) those Spinco Employees, together with those persons whose primary employment is with the Spinco Business, who are employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries immediately prior to the Distribution Date shall become employees of Spinco in the same capacities as then held by such employees (or in such other capacities as Spinco shall determine in its sole discretion). Section 8.2. Employee Benefits. (a) As soon as practicable after, and in any event within 90 days after, and effective as of, the Distribution Date, Spinco shall establish a defined benefit pension plan and trust intended to qualify under Section 401(a) and Section 501(a) of the Code (the "Spinco Pension Plan"). The Company shall, within 180 days following the Distribution Date, but in no event prior to the receipt by the Company of written evidence of the adoption of the Spinco Pension Plan and the trust thereunder by Spinco and either (A) the receipt by the Company of a copy of a favorable determination letter issued by the IRS with respect to the Spinco Pension Plan or (B) an opinion, satisfactory to the Company's counsel, 69 of Spinco's counsel to the effect that the terms of the Spinco Pension Plan and its related trust qualify under Section 401(a) and Section 501(a) of the Code, direct the Trustees of the Loral Corporation Pension Plan and the Retirement Plan of Loral Aerospace Corp. (the "Company Pension Plans") to transfer in cash or in kind, as agreed to by the Company and Spinco, from the trusts under the Company Pension Plans to the trust under the Spinco Pension Plan, an amount determined by the certified actuary of the Company Pension Plans (the "Company Actuary") which shall be equal to, with respect to each such Company Pension Plan, (A) the product of (i) the fair market value of the assets held under such Company Pension Plan as of the last day of the month prior to the month in which the transfer occurs (the "Valuation Date") and (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the present value of all accrued benefits under such Company Pension Plan as of the Distribution Date in respect of Spinco Employees and the denominator of which is equal to the present value of all accrued benefits under such Company Pension Plan less (B) the payments made by such Company Pension Plan between the Distribution Date and the date of transfer in respect of Spinco Employees. From the Valuation Date to the date of transfer, the assets to be transferred will be credited with interest at the interest rate available on a 30-day treasury note at the auction date on or immediately preceding the Valuation Date. The calculation of the present value of such benefits shall be in accordance with Section 414(1) of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder and in all cases utilizing the assumptions used by the Company for reporting accrued benefit obligations under FAS No. 87 in its 1995 Annual Report. For purposes of this calculation, the present value of accrued benefits shall be determined on a termination basis in accordance with the standards of Section 414(l) of the Code. The determination by the Company Actuary shall be final and binding, provided, however, that the Company Actuary shall provide the actuary selected by Spinco with all the documentation reasonably necessary for Spinco to verify such determination; provided, further, that if the Spinco actuary certifies, in writing within 60 days of receiving such supporting documentation, that he disagrees with the Company Actuary then, first the chief financial officers of the Company and Spinco shall negotiate, in good faith, 70 to resolve such dispute, and if unable to come to an agreement, then the Company and Spinco shall agree upon and engage an impartial actuary, who shall be entitled to the privileges and immunities of an arbitrator, to resolve any disagreement and whose determination as to any such disagreement (if not contrary to ERISA) shall be conclusive, final and binding. The parties shall share equally all costs and fees of such impartial actuary. At the time of transfer of the amount set forth in this Section 8.2, Spinco and the Spinco Pension Plan shall assume all liabilities for all accrued benefits under the Company Pension Plans in respect of Spinco Employees and each of the Company and the Company Pension Plans shall be relieved of all liabilities for such benefits. As soon as practicable after, and in any event within 90 days after, and effective as of, the Distribution Date, Spinco shall cause SSL to establish a trust intended to qualify under Section 501(a) of the Code ("Spinco SSL Trust") and intended to hold the assets of the Retirement Plan of SSL (the "SSL Plan"). The Company shall, within 180 days following the Distribution Date, but in no event prior to the receipt by the Company of written evidence of the adoption of the Spinco SSL Trust, direct the Trustees of the Loral Master Pension Trust (the "Master Trust") to transfer in cash or in kind as agreed to by SSL and the Company from the Master Trust to the Spinco SSL Trust, the assets held by the Master Trust under the SSL Plan. Upon the transfer of assets in accordance with this Section 8.2(a), Spinco agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its officers, directors, employees, agents and affiliates from and against any and all Indemnifiable Losses arising out of or related to the Spinco Pension Plan and the SSL Plan, including all benefits accrued by Spinco Employees prior to the Distribution Date under the Company Pension Plans and the SSL Plan. Spinco and the Company shall provide each other with such records and information as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out their obligations under this Section or for the purposes of administration of the Spinco Pension Plan and the SSL Plan, and they shall cooperate in the filing of documents required by the transfer of assets and liabilities described herein. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no such transfer shall take place until the 31st day following the filing of all required Forms 5310-A in connection therewith. 71 (b) Individual Account Plan. As soon as practicable after the Distribution Date, but in no event later than 90 days after the Distribution Date, Spinco shall establish a defined contribution plan and trust intended to qualify under Section 401(a) and Section 501(a) of the Code (the "Spinco Savings Plan"). The Company shall, within 180 days following the Distribution Date, but in no event prior to the receipt by the Company of written evidence of the adoption of the Spinco Savings Plan and the trust thereunder by Spinco and either (A) the receipt by the Company of a copy of a favorable determination letter issued by the IRS with respect to the Spinco Savings Plan or (B) an opinion, satisfactory to the Company's counsel, of Spinco's counsel to the effect that the terms of the Spinco Savings Plan and its related trust qualify under Section 401(a) and Section 501(a) of the Code, direct the trustee of the Loral Master Savings Plan and the Loral Aerospace Savings Plan (the "Company Savings Plans") to transfer to the trustee of the Spinco Savings Plan the account balances under the Company Savings Plans as of the date of transfer in respect of Spinco Employees in cash or in kind, as agreed to by the Company and Spinco; provided, however, all outstanding loans shall be transferred in kind. Upon such transfer, the Spinco Savings Plan shall assume all liabilities for all accrued benefits under the Company Savings Plans in respect of Spinco Employees that are transferred to the Spinco Savings Plan and the Company Savings Plans shall be relieved of all liabilities for such accrued benefits. The Company and Spinco shall cooperate in the filing of documents required by the transfer of assets and liabilities described herein. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no such transfer shall take place until the 31st day following the filing of all required Forms 5310-A in connection therewith. Upon the transfer of assets in accordance with this section 8.2(b), Spinco agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its officers, directors, employees, agents and affiliates from and against any and all Indemnifiable Losses arising out of or relating to the Spinco Savings Plan, including all benefits accrued by Spinco Employees prior to the Distribution Date. (c) Welfare Benefit Plans. As of the Distribution Date, Spinco Employees shall cease to participate in the employee welfare benefit plans (as such term 72 in defined in ERISA) maintained or sponsored by the Company (the "Prior Welfare Plans") and shall commence to participate in welfare benefit plans of Spinco (the "Replacement Welfare Plans") which Replacement Welfare Plans shall, in the case of any such plan that is subject to the requirements of Section 4980B of the Code, provide for substantially identical benefits on substantially identical terms and conditions that were provided by Prior Welfare Plans immediately prior to the Distribution Date. Spinco will, (i) waive all limitations as to pre-existing condition exclusions and waiting periods with respect to participation and coverage requirements applicable to Spinco Employees under the Replacement Welfare Plans, other than limitations or waiting periods that were in effect with respect to such employees under the Prior Welfare Plans and that have not been satisfied as of the Distribution Date, and (ii) provide each Spinco Employee with credit for any co-payments and deductibles paid prior to the Distribution Date in satisfying any deductible or out-of-pocket requirements under the Replacement Welfare Plans. After the Distribution Date, Spinco shall be responsible for any claims by Spinco Employees for benefits relating to claims incurred but not reported prior to the Distribution Date. The Company shall use its best efforts to ensure that, except as provided otherwise in the Merger Agreement or Distribution Agreement, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Distribution Agreement shall not entitle any employee to severance benefits under any severance plan or arrangement of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. (d) Collective Bargaining Agreements. As of the Distribution Date, with respect to those collective bargaining agreements to which the Company or any of its Affiliates is a party and which cover Spinco Employees, Spinco shall assume all liabilities and obligations of the Company and each of its Affiliates thereunder, but only to the extent that such liabilities and obligations relate to any Spinco Employees. (e) Certain Liabilities. Spinco hereby agrees to indemnify the Company and its Affiliates against, and agrees to hold them harmless from any and all Indemnifiable Losses incurred or suffered as a result of any claim by any Spinco Employee which arises under federal, state or local statute (including, without 73 limitation, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Civil Rights Act of 1991, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1990, the Equal Pay Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and all other statutes regulating the terms and conditions of employment), regulation or ordinance, under the common law or in equity (including any claims for wrongful discharge or otherwise), or under any policy, agreement, understanding or promise, written or oral, formal or informal, between the Company and the Spinco Employee, whether arising out of actions, events or omissions that occurred (or, in the case of omissions, failed to occur) prior to, or after, the Distribution Date. The Company hereby agrees to indemnify Spinco and its Affiliates against, and agrees to hold it harmless from any and all Indemnifiable Losses incurred or suffered as a result of any claim by any Retained Employee which arises under federal, state or local statute (including, without limitation, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Civil Rights Act of 1991, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1990, the Equal Pay Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and all other statutes regulating the terms and conditions of employment), regulation or ordinance, under the common law or in equity (including any claims for wrongful discharge or otherwise), or under any policy, agreement, understanding or promise, written or oral, formal or informal, between the Company and the Retained Employee, whether arising out of actions, events or omissions that occurred (or, in the case of omissions, failed to occur) prior to, or after, the Distribution Date. The indemnification provided for in this Section 8.2 shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the indemnification provisions of Article V hereof. (f) As of the Distribution Date, with respect to any employee liabilities or obligations arising under the Company's (i) split dollar life insurance arrangements with certain executives, (ii) the Loral Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the "SERP"), and (iii) retiree welfare plans (including retiree medical plans), (all such liabilities in (i), (ii) and (iii), "Enumerated Liabilities"): (A) On or prior to the Distribution Date, the Company shall establish one or 74 more grantor rabbi trusts (the "SERP Trust") of which the participants in the SERP shall be the beneficiaries and shall contribute to such trust an amount equal to the present value of all accrued benefits under the SERP as of the Distribution Date (the parties hereto acknowledge that such amount shall not exceed $11 million). (B) The Company shall retain and be solely responsible for all liabilities and obligations whatsoever of both the Retained Business and the Spinco Business for all Enumerated Liabilities with respect to Retained Employees and shall retain any assets relating to such liabilities. (C) Spinco shall assume and be solely responsible for all liabilities and obligations whatsoever of both the Retained Business and the Spinco Business for all Enumerated Liabilities with respect to Spinco Employees and the Company shall transfer, or allocate, as applicable, to Spinco as soon as practicable following the Distribution Date any assets relating to such liabilities. The assets held in the SERP Trust shall be allocated, to the extent practicable, in accordance with the principles set forth in Section 8.2(a). Section 8.3. Other Liabilities and Obligations. As of the Distribution Date, with respect to claims relating to any employee liability or obligation not otherwise provided for in this Agreement or the Merger Agreement, including, without limitation, accrued holiday, vacation and sick day benefits, (a) the Company shall assume and be solely responsible for all liabilities and obligations whatsoever of both the Retained Business and the Spinco Business for all such claims made by Retained Employees and (b) Spinco shall assume and be solely responsible for all liabilities and obligations whatsoever of both the Retained Business and the Spinco Business for all such claims made by all Spinco Employees. Notwithstanding the foregoing, wages and salary accrued prior to the Distribution Date in respect of 75 Spinco New York Employees and deferred directors' fees shall be the sole responsibility of the Retained Business. Section 8.4. Preservation of Rights to Amend or Terminate Plans. No provision of this Agreement, shall be construed as a limitation on the right of the Company or Spinco to amend any plan or terminate its participation therein which the Company or Spinco would otherwise have under the terms of such plan or otherwise, and no provision of this Agreement shall be construed to create a right in any employee or beneficiary of such employee under a plan that such employee or beneficiary would not otherwise have under the terms of such plan itself. Section 8.5. Reimbursement; Indemnification. Spinco and the Company acknowledge that the Company, on the one hand, and Spinco, on the other hand, may incur costs and expenses (including, without limitation, contributions to plans and the payment of insurance premiums) pursuant to any of the employee benefit or compensation plans, programs or arrangements which are, as set forth in this Agreement, the responsibility of the other party. Accordingly, the Company and Spinco agree to reimburse each other, as soon as practicable but in any event within 30 days of receipt from the other party of appropriate verification, for all such costs and expenses reduced by the amount of any tax reduction or recovery of tax benefit realized by the Company or Spinco, as the case may be, in respect of the corresponding payment made by it. All Liabilities retained, assumed or indemnified by Spinco pursuant to this Article VIII shall in each case be deemed to be Spinco Liabilities, and all Liabilities retained, assumed or indemnified by the Company pursuant to this Article VIII shall in each case be deemed to be Retained Liabilities, and, in each case, shall be subject to the indemnification provisions set forth in Article V hereof. Section 8.6 Actions By Spinco. Any action required to be taken under this Article VIII may be taken by a Subsidiary of Spinco, the Spinco Companies, or a Subsidiary of the Spinco Companies. 76 ARTICLE IX INSURANCE --------- Section 9.1. General. Except as otherwise agreed in writing between the parties, the Company shall maintain until the Distribution Date all policies of liability, fire, extended coverage, fidelity, fiduciary, workers' compensation and other forms of insurance in effect as of the date hereof insuring the products, properties, Assets and operations contemplated to be transferred to Spinco and each of the Spinco Companies. Section 9.2. Certain Insured Claims. The Company shall (a) use reasonable efforts, upon Spinco's written request and at Spinco's sole expense, to continue to maintain and renew for the benefit of Spinco and each of the Spinco Companies the insurance policies under the Casualty Program with respect to claims having an occurrence date (as the term "occurrence date" is customarily defined) prior to the Distribution Date, relating to, or arising out of the conduct of, the Spinco Business, the Spinco Assets or the Spinco Liabilities, and (b) use reasonable efforts and cooperate with Spinco, upon Spinco's written request and at Spinco's sole expense, to obtain coverage, recoveries and other benefits under such policies for the benefit of Spinco and each of the Spinco Companies, including, without limitation, by filing and pursuing claims with respect to obtaining such coverage, recoveries and other benefits; provided that in no event shall the Company be obligated to litigate or pursue any other extra-contractual remedies against any insurer; provided further that all claims pursuant to this Section 9.2 shall be submitted, investigated, processed and paid in accordance with the claims handling procedures used by the Company and its Affiliates from time to time with respect to other like claims. The Company will reimburse Spinco and each of the Spinco Companies for any recovery obtained by it pursuant to such claims. The Company shall make available to Spinco such of its employees as Spinco may reasonably request as witnesses or deponents in connection with Spinco's pursuit of claims. 77 ARTICLE X CONDITIONS; TERMINATION; AMENDMENTS; WAIVERS ------------------------ Section 10.1. Condition to Restructuring and Distribution. (a) The obligations of each of the Company, Holdings, Aerospace LGP, LG, Cayman and Spinco to effect the Restructuring and the Distribution (other than those obligations which are normally expected to precede the Restructuring or the Distribution) shall be subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions: (i) the Purchaser shall have notified the Company that it is prepared to immediately accept for payment shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Offer as set forth in the Merger Agreement, (ii) the Record Date shall have been set by the Company's Board of Directors, (iii) the Form 10 (or the registration statement referred to in Section 3.1(a) hereof) shall have been declared effective by the SEC, (iv) the Spinco Common Stock shall have been accepted for listing or quotation in accordance with Section 3.1(e) hereof, (v) no Court Order or Law shall have been enacted, promulgated, issued or entered against any of the parties hereto which (x) prohibits or materially restricts consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (y) remains in effect as of the date on which the satisfaction of this condition is determined, (vi) the Company and the Retained Subsidiaries (other than Spinco and the Spinco Companies) shall have obtained all consents required to be obtained by the Company as a result of or in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in order to avoid a material Default under any material Contract to or by which the Company, Spinco or any of their respective Subsidiaries is a party or may be bound, or otherwise necessary to permit the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries to conduct their business in a manner consistent with its past practices, (vii) all consents and approvals of, and notices to and filings with, any Governmental Entity or any other person or entity arising out of or relating to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, shall have been obtained or made (as the case may be), (viii) the Globalstar Bank Guarantee shall have been amended pursuant to Section 2.5 hereof so that the provisions 78 thereof shall, following the Restructuring, be amended in the manner contemplated by Section 2.5 hereof (with such changes thereto as Parent and the Company may approve prior to the Offer Purchase Date), and (ix) the Lehman Partnerships and all other holders of the Lehman Preferred Stock (if any) shall have exchanged all issued and outstanding shares of Lehman Preferred Stock for shares of capital stock or other equity securities of either Spinco, any Spinco Company or any Subsidiary of Spinco pursuant to Section 2.7 hereof. (b) The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that (x) Parent may waive, on behalf of all parties hereto, the conditions set forth in clauses (viii) and (ix) of Section 10.1(a) above, (y) Parent may waive, on behalf of all parties hereto, the condition set forth in clauses (v), (vi) and (vii) of Section 10.1(a) above so long as (1) Parent reasonably believes that consummation of the Distribution at such time will have no material adverse effect on Spinco or the Spinco Business and (2) Parent agrees to indemnify Spinco pursuant to the provisions of Article V hereof with respect to any Indemnifiable Losses which result from any material adverse effect on Spinco or the Spinco Business which results directly from such waiver, and (z) the Company may not waive any of the conditions set forth in Sections 10.1(a)(i) through 10.1(a)(ix) above without first obtaining the prior written consent of Parent (which may not be unreasonably withheld). In the event that all of the Distribution Conditions have been satisfied (or waived, to the extent expressly permitted by the provisions of the preceding sentence), the Company, Holdings, Aerospace and Spinco shall consummate the Restructuring and the Distribution, and all other transactions related thereto, on the date on the date on which such Distribution Conditions have been so satisfied or waived (or as soon as practicable following such date in the event that such parties are unable to consummate the Restructuring and the Distribution, and all other transactions related thereto, on such date). The respective obligations of each party hereto to perform those of its obligations which are to be performed following consummation of the Restructuring and the Distribution, shall be conditioned on the consummation of the Restructuring and the Distribution in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. 79 Section 10.2. Termination. This Agreement (i) may be terminated and the Distribution abandoned at any time prior to the Offer Purchase Date by the mutual written agreement of each of the parties hereto or (ii) shall be terminated automatically and the Distribution abandoned upon any termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof. In the event that this Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to this Section 10.2, all obligations of the parties hereto under this Agreement shall terminate without further liability or obligation of any party hereto to the other parties hereto under this Agreement or otherwise, except (i) for any breach by such party of the terms and provisions of this Agreement prior to the date of such termination and (ii) as stated in Section 11.3 hereof. Section 10.3. Amendments; Waivers. This Agreement may be amended, modified or supplemented only by written agreement of each of the parties hereto. Any term or provision of this Agreement may be waived at any time by the party entitled to the benefit thereof by a written instrument executed by such party. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, no action taken pursuant to this Agreement, including, without limitation, any investigation by or on behalf of any party, shall be deemed to constitute a waiver by the party taking such action of compliance with any representations, warranties, covenants, agreements or conditions contained herein. The waiver by any party hereto of a breach of any provision of this Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any preceding or succeeding breach and no failure by any party to exercise any right or privilege hereunder shall be deemed a waiver of such party's rights or privileges hereunder or shall be deemed a waiver of such party's rights to exercise the same at any subsequent time or times hereunder. ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS ------------- Section 11.1. Survival of Indemnities; Release. The representations and warranties made in Section 6.1 of this Agreement shall survive for a period of three years from the Distribution Date, but shall not survive any termination of this Agreement; provided that 80 claims with respect to breaches of covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement shall survive for the applicable statute of limitations period. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement (including, without limitation, the indemnification provisions of Article V hereof), each of the parties (a) agrees that no claims or causes of action may be brought against the Company, Holdings, Aerospace, Spinco, Parent or the Purchaser or any of their Affiliates, agents or representatives based upon, directly or indirectly, any of the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement after three years following the Distribution Date (other than causes of actions commenced after such three-year period to seek recourse for claims asserted during such three- year period that are not resolved by the parties), and (b) hereby waives and releases all other claims and causes of action, that may be asserted or brought against the Company, Holdings, Aerospace, Spinco, Parent or the Purchaser or any of their Affiliates, agents or representatives directly or indirectly based upon or arising under this Agreement or the Merger Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 11.1 shall not limit any covenant or agreement of the parties in this Agreement, the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement which contemplates performance after the Distribution Date (including, without limitation, the covenants and agreements set forth in Sections 2.1(b) and 6.2 hereof), except for the covenants and agreements in the Merger Agreement to the extent of their performance prior to the Distribution Date. Section 11.2. Entire Agreement. This Agreement (including the schedules and exhibits and the agreements and other documents referred to herein, including, without limitation, the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement and the Stockholders Agreement) constitutes the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all other prior negotiations, commitments, agreements and understandings, both written and oral, between the parties or any of them with respect to the subject matter hereof (including, without limitation, the provisions of the Confidentiality Agreement). 81 Section 11.3. Fees and Expenses. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement, and subject to the proviso below, all costs and expenses incurred by the Company and each of the Retained Subsidiaries and by Spinco in connection with (x) the preparation, execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Merger Agreement, the Tax Sharing Agreement and the Stockholders Agreement and (y) consummating such party's obligations hereunder and thereunder (including, without limitation, investment banking, legal, accounting, audit and printing costs and expenses), shall be paid by the Company, upon the submission to the Company of appropriate documentation detailing such costs and expenses); provided that the investment banking costs and expenses incurred by the Company (including any legal or other costs and expenses but excluding any indemnification-related costs and expenses) incurred by the Company relating to the provision of such investment banking services) in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Merger Agreement which exceed $12,000,000 (such excess amount of such investment banking costs and expenses, the "Spinco Excess Costs"), shall not be considered to be expenses of the Company, but shall be deemed to be Spinco Liabilities and shall be paid by Spinco on or promptly after the Distribution Date. Section 11.4. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND INTERPRETED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO THE CHOICE OF LAW PRINCIPLES THEREOF. Section 11.5. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given upon (a) transmitter's confirmation of a receipt of a facsimile transmission, (b) confirmed delivery by a standard overnight carrier or when delivered by hand or (c) the expiration of five Business Days after the day when mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, addressed at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice): 82 (a) If to the Company, or Aerospace, to: Loral Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, NY 10016 Telephone: (212) 697-1105 Telecopy No.: (212) 602-9805 Attention: General Counsel with a copy to: Lockheed Martin Corporation 6801 Rockledge Drive Bethedsa, MD 20817 Telephone: (301) 897-6125 Telecopy No.: (301) 897-6333 Attention: General Counsel and to: Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom 919 Third Avenue New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 735-3000 Telecopy No.: (212) 735-2000 Attention: Peter Allan Atkins, Esq. Lou R. Kling, Esq. and to: O'Melveny & Myers 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 326-2000 Telecopy No.: (212) 326-2160 Attention: C. Douglas Kranwinkle, Esq. Jeffrey J. Rosen, Esq. (b) If to Spinco, to: Loral Space & Communications Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, New York 10016 Telephone: (212) 697-1105 Telecopy No.: (212) 602-9805 Attention: General Counsel 83 with a copy to: Willkie Farr & Gallagher 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 821-8000 Telecopy No.: (212) 821-8111 Attention: Robert B. Hodes, Esq. Bruce R. Kraus, Esq. Section 11.6. Successors and Assigns; No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns, but neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any party hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld), except that any party shall have the right, without the consent of any other party hereto, to assign all or a portion of its rights, interests and obligations hereunder to one or more direct or indirect subsidiaries, but no such assignment of obligation shall relieve the assigning party from its responsibility therefor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Spinco shall be permitted to assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement to one of its Affiliates (the "Spinco Transferee") prior to the Record Date so long as (x) such assignment shall not relieve Spinco from its joint responsibility therefor and (y) such assignment does not adversely affect any of the rights, benefits or obligations of Parent or any of the Parent Indemnified Parties under this Agreement or the Merger Agreement; provided that in the event of any such assignment to the Spinco Transferee, all references to Spinco shall be automatically deemed to be references to Spinco. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto, and, except for the provisions of Sections 8.1 hereof, nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other person any rights, benefits or remedies of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement; provided, however, that the Indemnified Parties are intended to be third party beneficiaries of the provisions of Article V hereof, and shall have the right to enforce such provisions as if they were parties hereto. 84 Section 11.7. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Section 11.8. Interpretation. The descriptive headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Section 11.9. Schedules. The Disclosure Schedule shall be construed with and as an integral part of this Agreement to the same extent as if the same had been set forth verbatim herein. Section 11.10. Legal Enforceability. Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without affecting the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof. Any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. If any provision of this Agreement is so broad as to be unenforceable, the provision shall be interpreted to be only so broad as is enforceable. Section 11.11. Consent to Jurisdiction. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably and unconditionally (a) agrees that all suits, actions or other legal proceedings arising out of this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby (a "Suit") shall be brought and adjudicated solely in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, or, if such court will not accept jurisdiction, in any court of competent civil jurisdiction sitting in New York City, New York, (b) submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any such court for the purpose of any such Suit and (c) waives and agrees not to assert by way of motion, as a defense or otherwise in any such Suit, any claims that it is not subject to the jurisdiction of the above courts, that such Suit is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such Suit is improper. Each of the parties hereto also irrevocably and unconditionally consents to the service of any process, summons, pleadings, notices or other papers in a manner permitted by the notice 85 provisions of Section 11.5 hereof and agrees that any such form of service shall be effective in connection with any such Suit; provided that nothing contained in this Section 11.11 shall affect the right of any party to serve process, pleadings, notices or other papers in any other manner permitted by applicable Law. Section 11.12. Specific Performance. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that in the event of any breach of this Agreement, each non-breaching party would be irreparably and immediately harmed and could not be made whole by monetary damages. It is accordingly agreed that the parties hereto (a) will waive, in any action for specific performance, the defense of adequacy of a remedy at law and (b) shall be entitled, in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled at law or in equity, to compel specific performance of this Agreement in any action instituted in any court referred to in Section 11.11 hereof. 86 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has caused this Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement to be executed on its behalf by its officers thereunto duly authorized, all as of the day and year first above written. LORAL CORPORATION /s/ MICHAEL B. TARGOFF By:_____________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President and Secretary LORAL AEROSPACE HOLDINGS, INC. /s/ MICHAEL B. TARGOFF By:______________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President LORAL AEROSPACE CORP. /s/ MICHAEL B. TARGOFF By:______________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President LORAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACQUISITION, INC. /s/ MICHAEL B. TARGOFF By:______________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President and Secretary LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION /s/ MARCUS C. BENNETT By:______________________________ Name: Marcus C. Bennett Title: Senior Vice President LORAL GLOBALSTAR LIMITED /s/ MICHAEL B. TARGOFF By:______________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President LORAL GENERAL PARTNER, INC. /s/ MICHAEL B. TARGOFF By:______________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Vice President LORAL GLOBALSTAR, L.P. /s/ MICHAEL B. TARGOFF By:______________________________ Name: Michael B. Targoff Title: Senior Vice President and Secretary EXHIBIT A-1 ----------- GLOBALSTAR WARRANT - SUMMARY TERM SHEET - PRINCIPAL TERMS --------------------------------------------------------- Reference is hereby made to (x) the Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement dated as of January 8, 1996 (the "Restructuring Agreement") among Lockheed Martin Corporation, Loral Corporation, Spinco and the other parties thereto, and (y) the Globalstar Warrant Memorandum (as defined in the Restructuring Agreement). All capitalized terms which are not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Restructuring Agreement. Issuer: Globalstar Telecommunications Limited or, if not available, Globalstar L.P. (the "Company"). Issued To: Guarantors No. of Shares: As set forth in the Globalstar Warrant Memorandum, subject to adjustment based on the antidilution provisions described below. (If issuer is Globalstar L.P., the term "shares" will refer to L.P. interests.) Warrant Exercise Price: As set forth in the Globalstar Warrant Memorandum, subject to adjustment based on the antidilution provisions described below. Acceleration of Vesting: In the event the Company merges with or into another company (unless the warrants continue to represent the rights to purchase equity in the surviving company on the same terms, except for equitable adjustment of price and number of shares purchasable), sells all or substantially all of its assets, liquidates, etc., the Company must give notice to the holder prior to the consummation of the transaction and must give the holder the option of exercising the warrant prior to consummation of such transaction. Antidilution Events: . Stock Splits, Recaps, etc. - will result in increased number of Warrant Shares (unless reverse split, etc.) . Rights, Options, Warrants, Convertible Securities - will result in increased number of Warrant Shares pursuant to a prescribed formula, but only to the extent that such shares, rights, options, warrants or convertible securities are issued or distributed generally to all holders of the Common Stock. . Issuance of Common Stock at Lower Values - if shares are issued below the then current fair market value of such shares, adjustment will be made on a proportionate basis pursuant to a prescribed formula, but only to the extent that such shares, rights, options, warrants or convertible securities are issued or distributed generally to all holders of the Common Stock. . Extraordinary Distributions/Stock Dividends -extraordinary cash dividends (over 10% of current market value on record date), distributions of properties, assets, etc. in partial liquidation and stock dividends will result in adjustment. . Distributions of Debt - Warrant Shares subject to adjustment in accordance with a prescribed formula. . Distributions includes repurchases and redemptions. Registration Rights on Warrant Shares: Customary -2- EXHIBIT B --------- WF&G Draft 1/8/96 CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION OF SERIES A NON-VOTING CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK OF LORAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACQUISITION, INC. Pursuant to Section 151(g) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware The undersigned, Senior Vice President of Loral Telecommunications Acquisition, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Corporation"), in accordance with the provisions of Section 151 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, hereby certifies that pursuant to authority vested in the Board of Directors of the Corporation by the provisions of its Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors has duly adopted the following resolution creating a series of Preferred Stock of the Corporation designated as the Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock: WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation authorizes __________ shares of capital stock, of which 1,000 shares are authorized as Common Stock, $.01 par value per share ("Common Stock"), and __________ shares are authorized as Preferred Stock, $.01 par value per share ("Preferred Stock"); and WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation authorizes the Board of Directors to provide for the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock in series and to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series and to fix the designation, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each such series and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that, pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors hereby fixes the designation and preferences and relative rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions of a series of Preferred Stock. RESOLVED, that each share of Preferred Stock described herein shall rank equally in all respects and shall be subject to the following provisions: (1) Number and Designation. ______ shares of Preferred Stock of the Corporation shall be designated as Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred Stock"). (2) Dividends and Distributions. (a) Subject to paragraphs (2)(b) and (4) below, the Corporation shall pay, and the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, and to share equally and ratably, share for share with the Common Stock, in such dividends and distributions on the Common Stock or the Series A Preferred Stock as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors, whether payable in cash, property or securities of the Corporation. The record date for determining the holders of Series A Preferred Stock entitled to receive dividends and distributions shall be the same as the record date for determining the holders of Common Stock entitled to receive dividends and distributions. Dividends and distributions shall be paid to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock entitled to receive such dividends and distributions at the close of business on the date on which such dividends and distributions are paid or made by the Corporation in respect of the Common Stock. (b) In the event that the Corporation declares and pays a dividend or makes any distribution on its Common Stock in the form of (x) shares of additional Common Stock, (y) options, warrants or rights to acquire Common Stock or (z) other securities of the Corporation convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall receive in lieu of such securities: (1) an equal number of shares of additional Series A Preferred Stock, in the case of clause (x) above; (2) options, warrants or rights to acquire an equal number of additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock on terms otherwise identical to such options, warrants or rights distributed to the holders of Common Stock, in the case of clause (y) above; and (3) securities convertible into or exchangeable for an equal number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock on terms otherwise identical to the convertible or exchangeable securities distributed to the holders of Common Stock, in the case of clause (z) above. (c) All dividends or distributions paid with respect to shares of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be paid pro rata to the holders entitled thereto. (d) Each fractional share of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding shall be entitled to a ratable proportionate amount of all dividends and other distributions accruing, paid or made with respect to each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock and all such dividends and other distributions with respect to such outstanding fractional shares shall be payable in the same manner and at such times as provided for in paragraphs (2)(a), (2)(b) and (4) hereof with respect to dividends and other distributions on each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock. -2- (3) Voting Rights. (a) Except as otherwise set forth herein and as otherwise provided by law, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any matter relating to the business or affairs of the Corporation and shall not be included in determining the number of Shares voting or entitled to vote on any such matters. (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, each issued and outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock into which such share of Series A Preferred Stock is convertible, and shall be included as aforesaid in the number of shares voting and entitled to vote with respect to the following matters presented to the stockholders of the Corporation for their action or consideration: i) any amendment to or modification or repeal of any provision of the Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws (or similar organizational documents); ii) any merger, consolidation, corporate reorganization or similar transaction involving the Corporation; iii) any sale, lease, exchange, transfer or other disposition, directly or indirectly, in a single transaction or series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation or any of its Affiliates; iv) any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Corporation or any assignment by the Corporation for the benefit of creditors, or any filing by the Corporation of a petition in bankruptcy; or v) any restructuring, extension, modification, substitution, refinancing or amendment of any indebtedness of the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided herein or by law, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall vote together with the holders of the Common Stock as a single class. (c) In addition to the voting rights set forth above, the consent of the holders of at least a majority of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock at the time outstanding, voting together as a single class, shall be necessary for any amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws of the Corporation, if such amendment would adversely affect the rights, powers, privileges or preferences of the Series A Preferred Stock. (4) Rights on Liquidation. In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding shall be entitled -3- to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Corporation to the holders of the Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, an amount equal to $.01 per share for each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock. If upon the occurrence of such event the assets thus distributed among the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full preferential amount, the entire assets of the Corporation legally available for distribution shall be distributed ratably among the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock. After the payment or distribution to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock of such preferential amount, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and the Common Stock then outstanding shall be entitled to receive ratably (based, in the case of the Series A Preferred Stock, on the number of shares of Common Stock into which such Series A Preferred Stock was last convertible) all remaining assets of the Corporation to be distributed. (5) Conversion. (a) Each share of Series A Preferred Stock may be converted, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time (i) after the HSR Clearance Date or (ii) upon the transfer (in accordance with the provisions of the Stockholders Agreement) of such share of Series A Preferred Stock to a Person other than a Stockholder or any Affiliate thereof, in the manner hereinafter provided, into one (subject to any adjustment required below) fully paid and nonassessable share of Common Stock; provided, however, that on any liquidation of the Corporation, the right of conversion shall terminate at the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the date fixed for the payment of any amounts distributable on liquidation to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock. (b) Each conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock shall be effected by the prior written notice thereof by the holder of the Series A Preferred Stock and the surrender of the certificates representing the shares to be converted at the principal office of the Corporation (or such other office or agency of the Corporation as the Corporation may designate by notice in writing to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock as shown on the books of the Corporation) at any time during normal business hours. Such notice shall state the name or names (with addresses) and denominations in which the certificate or certificates for such shares of Common Stock are to be issued and shall include instructions for reasonable delivery thereof. Each conversion shall be deemed to have been effected as of the close of business on the date on which such certificates have been surrendered and such notice has been received. At such time, the rights of the holder of the surrendered Series A Preferred Stock as such holder shall cease, and the Person in whose name the certificates for shares of Common Stock will be issued upon such conversion shall be deemed to have become the holder of record of the Common Stock represented thereby. -4- (c) Promptly after the surrender of the certificates and the receipt of written notice, the Corporation shall issue and deliver in accordance with the surrendering holder's instructions (i) the certificates for the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion and (ii) certificates representing any surrendered shares of Series A Preferred Stock which were delivered to the Corporation in connection with such conversion but which were not requested to be converted and, therefore, were not converted. (d) The issuance of certificates for Common Stock upon conversion of Series A Preferred Stock shall be made without charge to the holders of such shares for any issuance tax in respect thereof or other cost incurred by the Corporation in connection with such conversion and the related issuance of shares of Common Stock; provided that the Corporation shall not be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of any certificate in a name other than that of the holder of the Series A Preferred Stock being converted. (e) The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of issuance upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, such number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of all outstanding Series A Preferred Stock. All shares of Common Stock which are so issuable shall, when issued, be duly and validly issued fully paid and nonassessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges. The Corporation shall take all such actions as may be necessary to assure that all such shares of Common Stock may be so issued without violation of any applicable law or governmental regulation or any requirement of any domestic securities exchange upon which shares of Common Stock may be listed (except for official notice of issuance which shall be immediately transmitted by the Corporation upon issuance). (f) The Corporation shall not close its books against the transfer of shares of Series A Preferred Stock in any manner which would interfere with the timely conversion of any shares of Series A Preferred Stock. The Corporation shall assist and cooperate with any holder of Series A Preferred Stock required to make any governmental filings or obtain any governmental approval prior to or in connection with any conversion of Series A Preferred Stock hereunder (including, without limitation, making any filings required to be made by the Corporation). (6) Stock Splits; Adjustments. (a) If the Corporation shall in any manner subdivide (by stock split, stock dividend or otherwise) or combine (by reverse stock split or otherwise) the outstanding shares of Common Stock, the outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be proportionately subdivided or combined, as the case may be, and effective provision shall be made for the protection of all -5- conversion and voting rights of the Series A Preferred Stock hereunder. (b) If the Corporation shall issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the Common Stock (including any such reclassification in connection with a merger, consolidation or other business combination involving the Corporation), or in any other similar transaction affecting the Corporation or the number or value of Common Stock outstanding, effective provision shall be made for the protection of all conversion and voting rights of the Series A Preferred Stock hereunder. (7) General Provisions. (a) The term "Affiliate" as used herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Stockholders Agreement. (b) The term "Antitrust Authority" as used herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Stockholders Agreement. (c) The terms "HSR Clearance Date" and "HSR Act" as used herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Stockholders Agreement. (d) The term "Person" as used herein means an individual or a corporation, partnership, association, trust or any other entity or organization. (e) The term "outstanding," when used herein with reference to shares of stock, shall mean issued shares, excluding shares held by the Corporation. (f) The term "Stockholders Agreement" as used herein means that certain Stockholders Agreement, dated as of _________, 1996, by and among Loral Corporation, Loral Aerospace Holdings, Inc., Loral Aerospace Corp. and Loral Telecommunications Acquisition, Inc. (g) The term "Stockholders" as used herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Stockholders Agreement. (h) The headings of the paragraphs, subparagraphs, clauses and subclauses of this Certificate of Designation are for convenience of reference only and shall not define, limit or affect any of the provisions hereof. (i) Subject to Section 3 hereof, any right, preference, privilege or power of, or restriction provided for the benefit of, the Series A Preferred Stock set forth herein may be amended and the observance thereof may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively) with the written consent of the Corporation and the consent of the holders of not less than a majority of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding, and any -6- amendment or waiver so effected shall be binding upon the Corporation and all holders of Series A Preferred Stock. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, Senior Vice President of Loral Telecommunications Acquisition, Inc., has signed this Certificate of Designation this ___ day of ____________, 1996 and affirms under penalties of perjury that it is the act and deed of the Corporation and that the facts stated herein are true. LORAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACQUISITION, INC. By:____________________________ Michael B. Targoff Senior Vice President -7- EXHIBITS B & C -------------- 1. Broad indemnification provisions 2. Limitations on and methods for changing size of the board 3. Limitations on shareholder rights to: A. act by written consent B. call special meetings C. fill board vacancies D. nominate directors E. propose actions that would facilitate change of control F. remove directors 4. Lock-ins (supermajority provisions for amending charter and by- laws) 5. Shareholder rights plan (Poison pill) 6. Staggered board EXHIBIT D --------- A shareholder rights plan substantially identical to that of the shareholder rights plan adopted by Loral (as submitted to and approved by the Board of Directors of Loral prior to the date hereof) except that Loral and its affiliates and its associates shall not be deemed to be an "Acquiring Person" unless Loral and its affiliates become the beneficial owner of 25% or more of the outstanding shares of common stock (including securities convertible or exercisable into common stock) of the Company, together with such other changes to the shareholder rights plan as the parties may reasonably agree. EXHIBIT E TO DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT ----------------------------------- 1. The Company Pension Plans 2. The Company Savings Plans 3. The Prior Welfare Plans 4. The SERP
EX-99.9 10 FORM OF TAX SHARING AGREEMENT Exhibit 99.9 TAX SHARING AGREEMENT TAX SHARING AGREEMENT ("the Agreement") dated as of _____________, 1996 by and among Loral Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Company"), Loral Telecommunications Acquisition, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly- owned subsidiary of the Company ("Spinco"), Lockheed Martin Corporation, a Maryland corporation ("Parent") and LAC Acquisition Corporation, a New York corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (the "Purchaser"). WHEREAS, in connection with the restructuring of the Company pursuant to the Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement, dated as of January 7, 1996 (the "Distribution Agreement"), the Company, Spinco and certain of the Retained Subsidiaries have agreed to certain intercompany distributions, assignments, transfers and contributions of the Spinco Assets and the assumption of certain liabilities by Spinco, as more fully described in Section 2.1 of the Distribution Agreement (the "Transfer"); WHEREAS, the Company will retain its stock in all of its subsidiaries other than the Spinco Subsidiaries (the "Retained Subsidiaries"); WHEREAS, in accordance with the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 7, 1996 (the "Merger Agreement"), the Purchaser will commence and consummate the Offer and the Company will complete the Transfer; WHEREAS, immediately after the consummation of the Offer and the Form 10 or registration statement, as the case may be, having been declared effective by the SEC, the Company will distribute the Spinco Common Stock to the Company shareholders and the Company will retain its Spinco Preferred Stock; WHEREAS, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and in accordance with New York law, the Purchaser will merge with and into the Company after certain conditions are satisfied at the Effective Time (the "Merger"), whereby each share of common stock of the Company issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time will be converted into the right to receive cash and, as a result of such Merger, the Company, as the surviving corporation, will become wholly-owned by Parent; WHEREAS, at the end of the day on which the Distribution occurs (the "Distribution Date"), Spinco's taxable year shall close for U.S. federal income tax purposes; WHEREAS, the parties hereto wish to provide for the payment of tax liabilities and entitlement to refunds, allocate responsibility and provide for cooperation in the filing of tax returns, provide for the realization and payment of tax benefits arising out of adjustments to the tax returns of the parties and provide for certain other matters; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the representations, covenants and agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Company, Spinco, Parent, and the Purchaser hereby agree as follows: 1. Certain Definitions. The following terms used herein shall have the meanings set forth below (such terms to be equally applicable to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined or referred to below): "Aerospace" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "Company" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Company Group" means the Retained Subsidiaries, together with the Company. "Consolidated Group" or "consolidated group" means an affiliated group of corporations filing a consolidated federal income tax return, as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-1(h). 2 "Continental" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Distribution" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Distribution Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Distribution Date" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Effective Time" shall have the meaning set forth in the Merger Agreement. "Form 10" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Holdings" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Income Taxes" means any and all taxes based upon or measured by net income (including, without limitation, any alternative minimum tax under Section 55 of the Code) imposed by or payable to the U.S., or any state, county, local or foreign government or any subdivision or agency thereof, and such term shall include any interest (whether paid or received), penalties or additions to tax attributable thereto. "Income Tax Liabilities" means all liabilities for Income Taxes. "Indemnified Party" means the party that is entitled to indemnification by another party pursuant to this Agreement. "Indemnifying Party" means the party that is required to indemnify another party pursuant to this Agreement. "Independent Accounting Firm" means a "big six" independent accounting firm, jointly selected by the parties; or, if the parties cannot agree on such accounting firm, Spinco and Parent shall each submit the name of a "big six" independent accounting firm that does not at the time and has not in the prior two years provided 3 services to any member of the Spinco Group or the Parent Group, and the "Independent Accounting Firm" shall mean the firm selected by lot from these two firms. "Independent Law Firm" means a nationally-recognized independent law firm, jointly selected by the parties; or, if the parties cannot agree on such law firm, Spinco and Parent shall each submit the name of a nationally-recognized independent law firm that does not at the time and has not in the prior two years provided services to any member of the Spinco Group or the Parent Group, and the "Independent Law Firm" shall mean the firm selected by lot from these two firms. "Information Return" means any report, return, declaration or other information or filing (other than a Tax Return) required to be supplied to any taxing authority or jurisdiction. "K&F" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "LGP" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Merger" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Merger Agreement" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Offer" shall have the meaning set forth in the Merger Agreement. "Old Company Group" means the consolidated group of corporations of which the Company is the "common parent" within the meaning of Section 1504 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated under Section 1502 of the Code and any Subsidiary of a member of such consolidated group. "Other Taxes" means any and all taxes, levies or other like assessments, charges or fees, other than Income Taxes, including, without limitation, any excise, real or personal property, gains, sales, use, license, real estate or personal property transfer, net worth, stock transfer, payroll, ad valorem and other governmen- 4 tal taxes and any withholding obligation imposed by or payable to the U.S., or any state, county, local or foreign government or subdivision or agency thereof, and any interest (whether paid or received), penalties or additions to tax attributable thereto. "Overpayment Rate" means the rate specified under Section 6621(a)(1) of the Code for overpayments of tax. "Parent" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Parent Group" means the consolidated group of which Parent or any successor is the "common parent" within the meaning of Section 1504 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated under Section 1502 of the Code and any Subsidiary of a member of such consolidated group. "Proceeding" means any audit or other examination, judicial or administrative proceeding relating to liability for or refunds or adjustments with respect to Other Taxes or Income Taxes. "Purchaser" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Refund" means any refund of Income Taxes or Other Taxes, including any reduction in liabilities for such taxes. "Retained Subsidiaries" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission. "Spinco" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Spinco Assets" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Spinco Common Stock" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Spinco Companies" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. 5 "Spinco Group" means the Spinco Companies, Spinco and any Subsidiary thereof (including any successors thereto). "Spinco Preferred Stock" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "SSL" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Subsidiary" or "subsidiary" shall have the meaning set forth in the Distribution Agreement. "Tax Benefit" means, in the case of separate state, local or other Income Tax Returns, the sum of the amount by which the tax liability (after giving effect to any alternative minimum or similar tax and adjusted for the loss of any federal tax benefit) of a person to the appropriate taxing authority is reduced (including, without limitation, by deduction, entitlement to refund, credit or otherwise, whether available in the current taxable year, as an adjustment to taxable income in any other taxable year or as a carryforward or carryback, as applicable) plus any interest from such government or jurisdiction relating to such tax liability, and in the case of a consolidated federal Income Tax Return or similar state, local or other Income Tax Return, the sum of the amount by which the tax liability of the consolidated group or other relevant group of corporations to the appropriate government or jurisdiction is reduced (including, without limitation, by deduction, entitlement to refund, credit or otherwise, whether available in the current taxable year, as an adjustment to taxable income in any other taxable year or as a carryforward or carryback, as applicable) plus any interest from such government or jurisdiction relating to such tax liability, less the amount by which the tax liability to another taxing authority is increased as a result of the reduction in tax liabilities to another taxing authority (unless such increase has already been taken into account under the provisions of Section 5 hereof) and less any increase in tax liability as a result of the receipt of interest as described above. "Tax Return" means any report, return, declaration or other information or filing required to be supplied to any taxing authority or jurisdiction with respect to 6 Income Taxes or Other Taxes, including, without limitation, any documents with respect to or accompanying payments of estimated Income Taxes or Other Taxes, or with respect to or accompanying requests for the extension of time in which to file any such report, return, declaration or other document. "Transfer" shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement. "Treasury Regulation" means any final, temporary or proposed regulation promulgated under the Code. "U.S." means the United States of America. 2. Cooperation; Maintenance and Retention of Records. Parent and Spinco shall, and shall cause the members of the Parent Group and the Spinco Group, respectively, to, provide the requesting party with such assistance and documents, without charge, as may be reasonably requested by such party in connection with (i) the preparation of any Tax Return or any Information Return, (ii) the conduct of any Proceeding (iii) any matter relating to Income Taxes, Other Taxes or Information Returns of any member of the Old Company Group, the Company Group, the Spinco Group or the Parent Group and (iv) any other matter that is a subject of this Agreement. Such cooperation and assistance shall be provided to the requesting party promptly upon its request. Parent and the Company, on the one hand, and Spinco, on the other hand, shall retain or cause to be retained all Tax Returns, Information Returns, schedules and workpapers, and all material records or other documents relating thereto, until the expiration of the statute of limitations (including any waivers or extensions thereof) of the taxable years to which such Tax Returns, Information Returns, and other documents relate or until the expiration of any additional period that any party reasonably requests, in writing, with respect to specific material records or documents. A party intending to destroy any material records or documents shall provide the other party with advance notice and the opportunity to copy or take possession of such records and documents. The parties hereto will notify each other in writing of any waivers or extensions of the applicable statute of limitations that may affect the period for which the foregoing records or other documents must be retained. 7 3. Timing of Distribution Date; Reporting of Certain Transactions. (a) The parties hereby agree that, for federal income tax purposes (and, to the extent permissible under applicable law, for state, local and other tax purposes), Spinco's taxable year shall end at the close of the Distribution Date, in accordance with the rule of Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-76(b)(1). (b) The Parent Group hereby agrees to report each of the transactions set forth in Section 2.1 of the Distribution Agreement for all foreign, federal, state and local Income Tax purposes in a manner consistent with the form and chronology described therein, including (i) in the case of any distribution of a Spinco Asset by any member of the Old Company Group that is a corporation, as a distribution of property under Section 311(b) of the Code and any comparable provision of state or local law; (ii) in the case of any such distribution between members of the Old Company Group filing a consolidated Tax Return, as an "intercompany transaction" within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-13(b) and any comparable provision of state or local law; and (iii) in the case of any transfer subject to Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-13(d) and any comparable provision of state or local law, by applying the rules described therein. The parties hereby agree to negotiate in good faith to determine the fair market values of Spinco and the material items of the Spinco Assets for purposes of reporting the transactions described in this subsection (b) for all foreign, federal, state and local Income Tax purposes, and the parties shall report all Income Taxes in a manner consistent with such fair market values. 4. Filing of Tax Returns and Information Returns; Payment of Taxes. (a) Old Company Group. To the extent not filed before the Distribution Date, Parent shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed all Tax Returns of the Old Company Group and any member thereof, other than Tax Returns involving only the Spinco Group (or any members thereof) for which Spinco is responsible pursuant to subsection (c) hereof, and Parent shall pay or cause to be paid all Income Taxes shown to be due and 8 payable by any member of the Old Company Group on such Tax Returns. (b) Company Group; Parent Group. Parent shall prepare and file or shall cause to be prepared and filed all Tax Returns of the Company Group and the Parent Group and any member of either the Company Group or the Parent Group (other than Tax Returns of Spinco or any of its Subsidiaries for taxable periods beginning after the Distribution Date) and shall pay or cause to be paid all Income Taxes shown to be due and payable by any member of the Company Group or the Parent Group on such Tax Returns. (c) Spinco Group. Spinco shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed (i) all Tax Returns of the Spinco Group for all taxable periods beginning after the Distribution Date and (ii) all Tax Returns involving only one or more members of the Spinco Group for all taxable periods, and Spinco shall pay or cause to be paid all Income Taxes shown to be due and payable by any member of the Spinco Group on such Tax Returns. (d) Information Returns. Spinco shall file all Information Returns required to be filed by any member of the Spinco Group after the Distribution Date and all Information Returns involving only the Spinco Group (or any members thereof) for all taxable periods. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, to the extent not filed before the Distribution Date, Parent shall file all Information Returns required to be filed by any member of the Old Company Group, the Parent Group or the Company Group. Any party required to file any Information Return pursuant to this Section 4 shall pay any fees or charges required in connection with such filing and shall indemnify and hold the other party harmless against any penalties, fees or other charges resulting from the failure to pay such fees or charges or the failure to file such Information Returns in a correct or timely fashion, unless such failure results from the failure of the other party to provide correct information. 5. Indemnification for Taxes. (a) Spinco Group Income Taxes. The Spinco Group shall pay, and shall indemnify and hold the 9 Parent Group harmless against, (i) all Income Tax Liabilities of any member of the Spinco Group for all taxable periods (including taxable periods or portions thereof during which any member of the Spinco Group was a member of the Old Company Group or the Parent Group but excluding all Income Tax Liabilities arising from the Transfer and Distribution (other than amounts described in clause (iii) hereof); (ii) all Income Tax Liabilities incurred pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 or any comparable state, local or other provision providing for joint and several liability as a result of any member of the Spinco Group having been a member of any consolidated, combined, unitary or other group (other than the Old Company Group and the Parent Group); and (iii) the excess, if any, of (A) all Income Tax Liabilities arising, directly or indirectly, from the transactions set forth in Section 2.1(a) of the Distribution Agreement and the Distribution minus (B) the hypothetical amount of all Income Tax Liabilities that would have arisen, directly or indirectly, from a distribution by Aerospace to Holdings of all of the shares of capital stock owned by Aerospace in LGP and SSL, followed by a distribution by Holdings to the Company of all of the shares of capital stock owned by Holdings in LGP, SSL and Continental, followed by a transfer by the Company to Spinco of all of the shares of capital stock owned by the Company in LGP, SSL, K&F and Continental and the transfer to Spinco of the other Spinco Assets described in Section 2.1(a)(viii) of the Distribution Agreement, followed by the Distribution. For purposes of clause (i) of this subsection (a), the Income Tax Liabilities of any member or members of the Spinco Group for any taxable period during which such member or members joined with members of the Old Company Group, the Parent Group, or any other group in the filing of a consolidated, unitary, combined or other group Tax Return shall be determined as if each of such Spinco Group member or members filed its Tax Returns for such period on a stand-alone basis. (b) Old Company Group and Parent Group Income Taxes. The Parent Group shall pay, and shall indemnify and hold the Spinco Group harmless against, (i) all Income Tax Liabilities of any member of the Old Company Group or the Parent Group (other than Income Tax Liabilities of any member of the Spinco Group for any taxable period); (ii) all Income Tax Liabilities incurred pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 or any 10 comparable state, local or other provision providing for joint and several liability as a result of any member of the Old Company Group or the Parent Group (other than any member of the Spinco Group) having been a member of any consolidated, combined, unitary or other group; and (iii) any Income Tax Liabilities arising from the Transfer and the Distribution (other than amounts described in subsection (a)(iii) hereof), regardless of when recognized. (c) Other Taxes. The Parent Group shall pay, and shall indemnify and hold the Spinco Group harmless against, all liabilities for all Other Taxes attributable to the income, property or activities of any member of the Old Company Group or the Parent Group (other than, in both cases, a member of the Spinco Group), including all Other Taxes, if any, arising from the Transfer and the Distribution. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, the Spinco Group shall pay, and shall indemnify and hold the Parent Group harmless against, all liabilities for all Other Taxes attributable to the income, property or activities of any member of the Spinco Group. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company shall prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, any Tax Return required under the New York Real Property Transfer Gains Tax, the New York Real Property Transfer Tax and the New York City Real Property Transfer Tax in connection with the Offer, the Merger, or the Transfer (other than amounts described in clause (iii) of subsection (a) hereof) and the Parent Group shall timely pay and indemnify the Spinco group against any taxes due and payable on such returns; and Spinco shall prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, any Tax Return required under the New York Real Property Transfer Gains Tax, the New York Real Property Transfer Tax and the New York City Real Property Transfer Tax in connection with the Distribution and the Spinco Group shall timely pay and indemnify the Parent group against any taxes due and payable on such returns. (d) To the extent that the Indemnifying Party is required to indemnify another party pursuant to this Section 5, the Indemnifying Party shall pay to the Indemnified Party, no later than 10 days prior to the due date of the relevant Tax Return or estimated Tax Return or 10 days after the Indemnifying Party receives the Indemnified Party's calculations, whichever occurs later, 11 the amount that the Indemnifying Party is required to pay the Indemnified Party under this Section 5. The Indemnified Party shall submit its calculations of the amount required to be paid pursuant to this Section 5, showing such calculations in sufficient detail so as to permit the Indemnifying Party to understand the calculations. If the Indemnifying Party disagrees with such calculations, it must notify the Indemnified Party of its disagreement in writing within 15 days of receiving such calculations. Any dispute regarding such calculations shall be resolved in accordance with Section 8 of this Agreement. 6. Carryovers. In the event that any member of the Spinco Group realizes any loss or credit for tax purposes for any taxable period beginning on or after the Distribution Date, such member may elect to carry back such loss or credit only with the written consent of Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). 7. Refunds of Income Taxes or Other Taxes. The Spinco Group shall be entitled to all Refunds attributable to the Spinco Group, and the Parent Group shall be entitled to all Refunds attributable to the Company Group or the Old Company Group (other than those attributable to the Spinco Group). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Parent Group shall be entitled to Refunds attributable to the Spinco Group that result from the carryback of a tax attribute by the Company Group, and the Spinco Group shall be entitled to Refunds attributable to the Company Group that result from the carryback of a tax attribute by the Spinco Group. A party receiving a Refund to which another party is entitled pursuant to this Agreement shall pay the amount to which such other party is entitled within ten days after the receipt of the refund. The amount of any Refund attributable to the Spinco Group shall be determined according to the principles set forth in the last sentence of Section 5(a) hereof. 8. Disputes. If the parties disagree as to the amount of any payment to be made under, or any other matter arising out of, this Agreement, the parties shall attempt in good faith to resolve such dispute, and any agreed-upon amount shall be paid to the appropriate party. If such dispute is not resolved within 15 days, the parties shall jointly retain the Independent Accoun- 12 ting Firm to resolve the dispute. If and to the extent that the dispute presents legal issues, the Independent Accounting Firm shall have the authority to consult the Independent Law Firm. The fees of the Independent Accounting Firm and the Independent Law Firm shall be borne equally by the Spinco Group and the Parent Group, and the decision of such Independent Accounting Firm and Independent Law Firm shall be final and binding on all parties. Following the decision of the Independent Accounting Firm and/or the Independent Law Firm, the parties shall each take or cause to be taken any action that is necessary or appropriate to implement such decision of the Independent Accounting Firm and the Independent Law Firm, including, without limitation, the prompt payment of underpayments or overpayments, with interest calculated on such overpayments and underpayments at the Overpayment Rate from the date such payment was due through the date such underpayment or overpayment is paid or refunded. 9. Control of Proceedings. In the case of any Proceeding with respect to Income Taxes or Other Taxes for which a party is or may be liable pursuant to this Agreement, Parent or Spinco, as the case may be, shall promptly give notice to the other party, informing such other party of the Proceeding in reasonable detail, and Parent or Spinco, as the case may be, shall execute or cause to be executed any powers of attorney or other documents necessary to enable the party that may be so liable to take all actions desired by such party with respect to such Proceeding. Such party shall have the right to control any such Proceeding and, to initiate any claim for refund, file any amended return or take any other action that it deems appropriate with respect to such Income Taxes or Other Taxes, provided, however, that if such Proceeding relates to a Tax Return for which the other party is Responsible, the Responsible party shall have the right, within a reasonable time after such notice is given, to deny the non-Responsible party control of such Proceeding. In the event that a Responsible party denies control of a Proceeding to a non-Responsible party, the parties shall agree upon the amount of such Income Taxes of Other Taxes for which the non-Responsible party is liable pursuant to this Agreement or, if the parties cannot so agree, shall submit the amount of such liability to arbitration for resolution (in a manner consistent with the procedures set forth in Section 8 hereof), which resolution shall determine the amount of 13 the payment to be made pursuant to this Agreement, taking into account the risks of litigation and the other practical considerations associated with the settlement of such a Proceeding, and the Responsible party shall have the sole discretion to defend, settle or take any action that it deems appropriate with respect to such Proceeding. For purposes of this Section 9, a party is Responsible for any Tax Return that it is required to file pursuant to Section 4 hereof, and Parent is Responsible for any Tax Returns of any member of the Old Company Group (excluding Tax Returns involving solely members of the Spinco Group). 10. Timing Adjustment. (a) If an audit or other examination of any Income Tax Return of the Parent Group or a Proceeding for any period for which Parent is responsible shall result (by settlement or otherwise) in any adjustment that (A) decreases deductions, losses or tax credits or increases income, gains or recapture of tax credits for such period and (B) will permit the Spinco Group to increase deductions, losses or tax credits or decrease income, gains or recapture of tax credits that would otherwise (but for such adjustment) have been taken or reported with respect to the Spinco Group for one or more taxable periods, Parent shall notify Spinco (Parent and Spinco, for purposes of this subsection (a), shall be deemed to include, where appropriate, the affiliated, unitary, combined or other group of which such party is a member) and provide it with adequate information so that it can reflect on the Income Tax Returns of the Spinco Group such increases in deductions, losses or tax credits or decreases in income, gains, or recapture of tax credits. With respect to such increases or decreases on Income Tax Returns, Spinco shall, and shall cause the Spinco Group to, pay to Parent the amounts of any Tax Benefits that result therefrom, within ten days of the date on which such Tax Benefits are realized. (b) If an audit or other examination of any Income Tax Return of the Spinco Group or a Proceeding for any period for which Spinco is responsible shall result (by settlement or otherwise) in any adjustment that (A) decreases deductions, losses or tax credits or increases income, gains or recapture of tax credits for such period, and (B) will permit the Parent Group to in- 14 crease deductions, losses or tax credits or decrease income, gains or recapture of tax credits that would otherwise (but for such adjustment) have been taken or reported with respect to the Parent Group for one or more taxable periods, Spinco will notify Parent (Spinco and Parent, for purposes of this subsection (b), shall be deemed to include, where appropriate, the affiliated, unitary, combined or other group of which such party is a member) and provide it with adequate information so that it can reflect on the Income Tax Returns of the Parent Group such increases in deductions, losses or tax credits or decreases in income, gains, or recapture of tax credits. With respect to such increases or decreases on Income Tax Returns, Parent shall, and shall cause the Parent Group to, pay to Spinco the amounts of any Tax Benefits that result therefrom, within ten days of the date such Tax Benefits are realized. (c) No later than 30 days after the date on which Spinco or Parent, as the case may be, receives notice pursuant to subsections (a) or (b) that a Tax Benefit may be available to the Spinco Group or Parent Group, respectively, Spinco or Parent, as the case may be, shall, and shall cause such members of the Parent Group or the Spinco Group or, in the case of Spinco, such members of the Old Company Group, as the case may be, to, as promptly as practicable, take such steps (including, without limitation, the filing of amended returns or claims for refunds where the amount of the Tax Benefit for any company in the aggregate exceeds $100,000) necessary or appropriate to obtain such Tax Benefit. Thereafter, Spinco or Parent, as the case may be, shall, and shall cause the Parent Group or the Spinco Group or, in the case of Spinco, the Old Company group, as the case may be, to, file all Income Tax Returns to obtain at the earliest possible time such Tax Benefit to the maximum extent available. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 10, either party may, at its election, pay the amount of any Tax Benefit to the other party rather than filing amended returns or otherwise reflecting adjustments or taking positions on its Tax Returns. If such an election is made by a party, the party will be treated as having realized a Tax Benefit at the time such Tax Benefit would have been realized if such party had chosen to file amended returns or otherwise to reflect adjustments or to take positions on its Tax Returns; provided, however, that such party shall pay 15 to the other party, no later than 20 days after such party receives notice from the other party that a Tax Benefit may be available, the amount of Tax Benefit that such party would have obtained if such party had filed an amended Tax Return. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a party shall not be required to take steps to obtain a Tax Benefit or to pay the other party, if, in the opinion of such party's counsel, which counsel shall be reasonably acceptable to the other party, there is not substantial authority to seek such Tax Benefit. (d) For purposes of this Agreement, a Tax Benefit shall be deemed to have been realized at the time any refund of Taxes is received or applied against other Taxes due, or at the time of filing of an Income Tax Return (including any relating to estimated Taxes) on which a loss, deduction or credit is applied in reduction of Taxes which would otherwise be payable; provided, however, that, where a party has other losses, deductions, credits or similar items available to it, deductions, credits or items for which the other party would be entitled to a payment under this Agreement shall be treated as the last items utilized to produce a Tax Benefit. In accordance with the provisions of this subsection (d), Spinco and Parent agree that where a Tax Benefit may be realized that may result in a payment to, or reduce a payment by, the other party hereto, each party will as promptly as practicable take or cause its affiliate to take such reasonable or appropriate steps (including, without limitation, the filing of an amended return or claim for refund) to obtain at the earliest possible time any such reasonably available Tax Benefit. In the event that after payment of a Tax Benefit under this subsection (d), such Tax Benefit is reduced or eliminated because of a final decree or agreement of a taxing authority or the carryback of losses or credits, then the party to whom the Tax Benefit was paid shall pay to the other party the amount by which the Tax Benefit was reduced or eliminated plus interest on the amount returned at the Overpayment Rate from the date of payment to the date of repayment. 11. Payments. (a) Any payment required by this Agreement that is not made on or before the date provided hereunder shall bear interest after such date at the 16 Overpayment Rate. In the case of any payment required hereunder to be made "promptly," such payment shall be considered late for purposes of this Agreement if not made 20 days after notice that such payment is due is provided. All payments made pursuant to this Agreement shall be made in immediately available funds. (b) All payments made pursuant to this Agreement shall be treated as an adjustment (increase or decrease) in the amount contributed by Parent to the Company and by the Company to Spinco, and the parties shall not file any Tax Returns or Information Returns inconsistent with this position. 12. Termination of Prior Tax Sharing Agreements. This Agreement shall take effect on the Distribution Date and shall replace all other agreements, whether or not written, in respect of any Income Taxes or Other Taxes between or among any members of the Old Company Group, or their respective predecessors or successors, other than any such agreements made exclusively between or among any members of the Spinco Group. All such replaced agreements shall be cancelled as of the Distribution Date, and any rights or obligations existing thereunder thereby shall be fully and finally settled without any payment by any party thereto. 13. Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications required or permitted under this Agreement will be made in the manner provided in Section 11.5 of the Distribution Agreement. 14. Construction. The provisions of this Agreement shall be construed such that no increase or decrease in Income Taxes or Other Taxes or Tax Benefit is taken into account more than once. 15. Entire Agreement; Amendments. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties concerning the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, whether or not written, concerning such subject matter. This Agreement may not be amended except by an agreement in writing, signed by the parties. 16. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York regardless of the laws that might 17 otherwise govern under applicable New York principles of conflicts of law. 17. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which shall constitute together the same document. 18. Effective Date. This Agreement shall become effective only upon the occurrence of the Distribution Date and shall terminate and be null and void and of no force and effect upon any termination of the Merger Agreement. 19. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns. 18 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above. LORAL CORPORATION By:_______________________________ Name: Title: LORAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACQUISITION, INC. By:_______________________________ Name: Title: LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION By:_______________________________ Name: Title: LAC ACQUISITION CORPORATION By:________________________________ Name: Title: 19 EX-99.10 11 RIGHTS AGREEMENT DTD 1/10/96 LORAL CORP & THE BONY EXHIBIT 99.10 CONFORMED COPY ________________________________________________ Rights Agreement Loral Corporation and The Bank of New York, Rights Agent Dated as of January 10, 1996 ________________________________________________ Table of Contents -----------------
Page ---- Section 1. Certain Definitions..................................................................... 1 Section 2. Appointment of Rights Agent............................................................. 6 Section 3. Issue of Rights Certificates............................................................ 7 Section 4. Form of Rights Certificates............................................................. 9 Section 5. Countersignature and Registration....................................................... 10 Section 6. Transfer, Split Up, Combination and Exchange of Rights Certificates; Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Rights Certificates................................ 11 Section 7. Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date of Rights........................... 12 Section 8. Cancellation and Destruction of Rights Certificates..................................... 14 Section 9. Reservation and Availability of Capital Stock........................................... 15 Section 10. Preferred Stock Record Date............................................................ 16 Section 11. Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number and Kind of Shares or Number of Rights............ 17 Section 12. Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or Number of Shares............................. 27 Section 13. Consolidation, Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets or Earning Power................... 27 Section 14. Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares................................................ 30 Section 15. Rights of Action....................................................................... 32 Section 16. Agreement of Rights Holders............................................................ 32 Section 17. Rights Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Stockholder..................................... 33
(i)
Section 18. Concerning the Rights Agent........................................................ 34 Section 19. Merger or Consolidation or Change of Name of Rights Agent.......................... 34 Section 20. Duties of Rights Agent............................................................. 35 Section 21. Change of Rights Agent............................................................. 37 Section 22. Issuance of New Rights Certificates................................................ 38 Section 23. Redemption and Termination......................................................... 39 Section 24. Notice of Certain Events........................................................... 39 Section 25. Notices............................................................................ 40 Section 26. Supplements and Amendments......................................................... 41 Section 27. Successors......................................................................... 42 Section 28. Determinations and Actions by the Board of Directors, etc.......................... 42 Section 29. Benefits of this Agreement......................................................... 43 Section 30. Severability....................................................................... 43 Section 31. Governing Law...................................................................... 43 Section 32. Counterparts....................................................................... 43 Section 33. Descriptive Headings............................................................... 43
Attachments: - ----------- Exhibit A -- Form of Certificate of Amendment Exhibit B -- Form of Rights Certificate Exhibit C -- Summary of Rights (ii) RIGHTS AGREEMENT RIGHTS AGREEMENT, dated as of January 10, 1996, between LORAL CORPORATION, a New York corporation (the "Company"), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK, a New York banking corporation (the "Rights Agent"). W I T N E S S E T H - - - - - - - - - - WHEREAS, on January 7, 1996 (the "Rights Dividend Declaration Date"), the Board of Directors of the Company authorized and declared a dividend distribution of one Right for each share of Common Stock of the Company outstanding at the close of business on January 22, 1996 (the "Record Date"), and has authorized the issuance of one Right (as such number may hereinafter be adjusted pursuant to the provisions of Section 11(p) hereof) for each share of Common Stock of the Company issued between the Record Date (whether originally issued or delivered from the Company's treasury) and the Distribution Date, each Right initially representing the right to purchase one unit (a "Unit") with each such unit consisting initially of one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Preferred Stock of the Company having the rights, powers and preferences set forth in the form of Certificate of Amendment attached hereto as Exhibit A, upon the terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth ("Rights"); NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows: SECTION 1. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings indicated: (a) "Acquiring Person" shall mean any Person who or which, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, shall be the Beneficial Owner of 20% or more of the shares of Common Stock then outstanding, but shall not include (i) the Company, (ii) any Subsidiary of the Company, (iii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company, or (iv) any Person or entity organized, appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan (each of (i) through (iv), an "Exempted Person"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) no Person shall become an "Acquiring Person" as a result of an acquisition of Common Stock by the Company which, by reducing the number of such shares then outstanding, increases the proportionate number of shares beneficially owned by such Person to 20% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, except that if such Person, after such share purchases by the Company, becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional shares of Common Stock, such Person shall be deemed to be an "Acquiring Person;" and (ii) if the Board of Directors of the Company determines in good faith that a Person who would otherwise be an "Acquiring Person" has become such inadvertently, and such Person divests as promptly as practicable a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock so that such Person would no longer be an Acquiring Person then such Person shall not be deemed to be an "Acquiring Person." The term "outstanding," when used with reference to a Person's Beneficial Ownership of securities of the Company, shall mean the number of such securities then issued and outstanding together with the number of such securities not then issued and outstanding which such Person would be deemed to beneficially own hereunder. (b) "Act" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. (c) "Adjustment Shares" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(ii) of this Agreement. (d) "Affiliate" shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act. (e) "Associate" shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act. (f) A Person shall be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of, and shall be deemed to "beneficially own," any securities: (i) which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates, directly or indirectly, has the right to acquire (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, rights, warrants or options, or otherwise; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of, or to "beneficially own," (A) securities tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates until such tendered securities are accepted -2- for purchase or exchange, or (B) securities issuable upon exercise of Rights at any time prior to the occurrence of a Triggering Event, or (C) securities issuable upon exercise of Rights from and after the occurrence of a Triggering Event which Rights were acquired by such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates prior to the Distribution Date or pursuant to Section 3(a) or Section 22 hereof ("Original Rights") or pursuant to Section 11(i) hereof in connection with an adjustment made with respect to any Original Rights; (ii) which such Person or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates, directly or indirectly, has the right to vote or dispose of or has "beneficial ownership" of (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act), including pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the "Beneficial Owner" of, or to "beneficially own," any security under this subparagraph (ii) as a result of an agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such security if such agreement, arrangement or understanding: (A) arises solely from a revocable proxy given in response to a public proxy or consent solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the applicable provisions of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act, and (B) is not also then reportable by such Person on Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act (or any comparable or successor report); or (iii) which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any other Person (or any Affiliate or Associate thereof) with which such Person (or any of such Person's Affiliates or Associates) has any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing), for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except pursuant to a revocable proxy as described in the proviso to subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph (f)) or disposing of any voting securities of the Company; provided, however, that nothing in this paragraph (f) shall cause a person engaged in business as an underwriter of securities to be the "Beneficial Owner" of, or to "beneficially own," any securities acquired through such person's participation in good faith in a firm commitment underwriting until the expiration of forty days after the date of such acquisition. Notwithstanding anything in this definition of Beneficial Owner to the contrary, a Person who is an officer of the Company or who is an Affiliate -3- or Associate of an officer of the Company (each, an "Excluded Person") shall not be deemed to "beneficially own" shares of Common Stock held by another Excluded Person solely by reason of any agreement, arrangement or understanding, written or otherwise, entered into in opposition to a transaction that, at the time such agreement, arrangement or understanding was entered into, has not been approved or recommended by the Board of Directors to the stockholders of the Company. (g) "Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York or the state in which the principal office of the Rights Agent is located are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close. (h) "Close of business" on any given date shall mean 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on such date; provided, however, that if such date is not a Business Day it shall mean 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day. (i) "Common Stock" shall mean the common stock, par value $.25 per share, of the Company; provided, that "Common Stock" when used with reference to any Person other than the Company shall mean the capital stock of such Person with the greatest voting power, or the equity securities or other equity interest having power to control or direct the management, of such Person. (j) "Common Stock Equivalents" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) of this Agreement. (k) "Company" shall have the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement. (l) "Current Market Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(d)(i). (m) "Current Value" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) of this Agreement. (n) "Distribution Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(a) of this Agreement. (o) "Equivalent preferred stock" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(b) of this Agreement. (p) "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. -4- (q) "Excluded Person" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1(f) of this Agreement. (r) "Exempted Person" shall have meaning set forth in Section 1(a) of this Agreement. (s) "Expiration Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a) of this Agreement. (t) "Final Expiration Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a) of this Agreement. (u) "Original Rights" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1(f)(i) of this Agreement. (v) "Person" shall mean any individual, firm, corporation, partnership or other entity. (w) "Preferred Stock" shall mean shares of Series A Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share, of the Company, and, to the extent that there are not a sufficient number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock authorized to permit the full exercise of the Rights, any other series of Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share, of the Company designated for such purpose containing terms substantially similar to the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock. (x) "Principal Party" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13(b) of this Agreement. (y) "Purchase Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a) of this Agreement. (z) "Record Date" shall have the meaning set forth in the "Whereas" clause of this Agreement. (bb) "Redemption Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 23 of this Agreement. (cc) "Rights" shall have the meaning set forth in the "Whereas" clause of this Agreement. (dd) "Rights Agent" shall have the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement. (ee) "Rights Certificates" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(a) of this Agreement. -5- (ff) "Rights Dividend Declaration Date" shall have the meaning set forth in the "Whereas" clause of this Agreement. (gg) "Section 11(a)(ii) Event" shall mean any event described in Section 11(a)(ii) of this Agreement. (hh) "Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) of this Agreement. (ii) "Section 13 Event" shall mean any event described in clause (x), (y) or (z) of Section 13(a) of this Agreement. (jj) "Spread" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) of this Agreement. (kk) "Stock Acquisition Date" shall mean the earlier of the date of (i) the public announcement (which, for purposes of this definition, shall include, without limitation, a report filed pursuant to Section 13(d) under the Exchange Act) by the Company or an Acquiring Person that an Acquiring Person has become such or (ii) the public disclosure of facts by the Company or an Acquiring Person indicating that an Acquiring Person has become an Acquiring Person. (ll) "Subsidiary" shall mean, with reference to any Person, any corporation (or other entity) of which an amount of voting securities (or other interests) sufficient to elect at least a majority of the directors (or equivalent) of such corporation (or other entity) is beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person, or otherwise controlled by such Person. (mm) "Substitution Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(a)(iii) of this Agreement. (nn) "Summary of Rights" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(b) of this Agreement. (oo) "Trading Day" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11(d)(i) of this Agreement. (pp) "Transaction" shall mean any merger, consolidation or sale of assets or earning power described in Section 13(a) hereof or any acquisition of Common Stock of the Company which, without regard to any required approval of the Company, would result in a Person becoming an Acquiring Person. (qq) "Triggering Event" shall mean any Section 11(a)(ii) Event or any Section 13 Event. -6- (rr) "Unit" shall have the meaning set forth in the "Whereas" clause of this Agreement. SECTION 2. APPOINTMENT OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Company hereby appoints the Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof, and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such appointment. The Company may from time to time appoint such co-Rights Agents as it may deem necessary or desirable upon ten (10) days' prior written notice to the Rights Agent. The Rights Agent shall have no duty to supervise, and shall in no event be liable for, the acts or omissions of any such co-Rights Agent. -7- SECTION 3. ISSUE OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. (a) Until the earlier of (i) the close of business on the tenth day after the Stock Acquisition Date (or such later date as the Board shall determine), (ii) the close of business on the tenth Business Day (or such later date as the Board shall determine) after the date that a tender or exchange offer by any Person is first published or sent or given within the meaning of Rule 14d-2(a) of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act, if upon consummation thereof, such Person would become an Acquiring Person or (iii) the Expiration Date (the earlier of (i) and (ii) being herein referred to as the "Distribution Date"), (x) the Rights will be evidenced by the certificates for the Common Stock registered in the names of the holders of the Common Stock (which certificates for Common Stock shall be deemed also to be certificates for Rights) and not by separate certificates, and (y) the Rights will be transferable only in connection with the transfer of the underlying shares of Common Stock (including a transfer to the Company). The Board of Directors of the Company may defer the date set forth in clause (i) or (ii) of the preceding sentence to a specified later date or to an unspecified later date, each to be determined by action of the Board of Directors of the Company. As soon as practicable after the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent will, at the Company's expense, send by first-class, insured, postage prepaid mail, to each record holder of the Common Stock as of the close of business on the Distribution Date, at the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company, one or more rights certificates, in substantially the form of Exhibit B hereto (the "Rights Certificates"), evidencing one Right for each share of Common Stock so held, subject to adjustment as provided herein. In the event that an adjustment in the number of Rights per share of Common Stock has been made pursuant to Section 11(p) hereof, at the time of distribution of the Rights Certificates, the Company shall make the necessary and appropriate rounding adjustments (in accordance with Section 14(a) hereof) so that Rights Certificates representing only whole numbers of Rights are distributed and cash is paid in lieu of any fractional Rights. As of and after the Distribution Date, the Rights will be evidenced solely by such Rights Certificates. (b) As promptly as practicable, the Company will send a copy of a Summary of Rights to Purchase Preferred Stock, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the "Summary of Rights"), by first-class, postage prepaid mail, to each record holder of the Common Stock as of the close of business on the -8- Record Date, at the address of such holder shown on the records of the Company. (c) Rights shall be issued in respect of all shares of Common Stock which are issued (whether originally issued or from the Company's treasury) after the Record Date but prior to the earlier of the Distribution Date or the Expiration Date. Certificates representing such shares of Common Stock shall also be deemed to be certificates for Rights and shall bear the following legend: This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof to certain Rights as set forth in the Rights Agreement between Loral Corporation (the "Company") and The Bank of New York (the "Rights Agent") dated as of January 10, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement"), the terms of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference and a copy of which is on file at the principal offices of the Company. Under certain circumstances, as set forth in the Rights Agreement, such Rights will be evidenced by separate certificates and will no longer be evidenced by this certificate. The Company will mail to the holder of this certificate a copy of the Rights Agreement, as in effect on the date of mailing, without charge, promptly after receipt of a written request therefor. Under certain circumstances set forth in the Rights Agreement, Rights issued to, or held by, any Person who is, was or becomes an Acquiring Person or any Affiliate or Associate thereof (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement), whether currently held by or on behalf of such Person or by any subsequent holder, may become null and void. With respect to such certificates containing the foregoing legend, until the earlier of the Distribution Date or the Expiration Date, registered holders of Common Stock shall also be the registered holders of the associated Rights, and the transfer of any of such certificates shall also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Stock represented by such certificates. -9- SECTION 4. FORM OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. (a) The Rights Certificates (and the forms of election to purchase and of assignment to be printed on the reverse thereof) shall each be substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit B hereto and may have such marks of identification or designation and such legends, summaries or endorsements printed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to comply with any applicable law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange on which the Rights may from time to time be listed, or to conform to usage. The Rights Certificate shall be in a machine printable format. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 and Section 22 hereof, the Rights Certificates, whenever distributed, shall be dated as of the Record Date, shall show the date of countersignature and on their face shall entitle the holders thereof to purchase such number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock as shall be set forth therein at the price set forth therein (such exercise price per one one-thousandth of a share, the "Purchase Price"), but the amount and the type of securities purchasable upon the exercise of each Right and the Purchase Price thereof shall be subject to adjustment as provided herein. (b) Any Rights Certificate issued pursuant to Section 3(a) or Section 22 hereof that represents Rights beneficially owned by: (i) an Acquiring Person or any Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person, (ii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such Affiliate or Associate) who becomes a transferee after the Acquiring Person becomes such, or (iii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such Affiliate or Associate) who becomes a transferee prior to or concurrently with the Acquiring Person becoming such and receives such Rights pursuant to either (A) a transfer (whether or not for consideration) from the Acquiring Person to holders of equity interests in such Acquiring Person or to any Person with whom such Acquiring Person has any continuing agreement, arrangement or understanding regarding the transferred Rights or (B) a transfer which a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company has determined is part of a plan, arrangement or understanding which has as a primary purpose or effect avoidance of Section 7(e) hereof, and any Rights Certificate issued pursuant to Section 6 or Section 11 hereof upon transfer, exchange, replacement or adjustment of any other Rights Certificate referred to in this sentence, shall contain (to the extent feasible) the following legend: -10- The Rights represented by this Rights Certificate are or were beneficially owned by a Person who was or became an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement). Accordingly, this Rights Certificate and the Rights represented hereby may become null and void in the circumstances specified in Section 7(e) of such Agreement. The Company shall instruct the Rights Agent in writing of the Rights which should be so legended and shall supply the Rights Agent with such legended Rights Certificates. SECTION 5. COUNTERSIGNATURE AND REGISTRATION. (a) The Rights Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President, or any Senior Vice President, either manually or by facsimile signature, and shall have affixed thereto the Company's seal or a facsimile thereof which shall be attested by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, either manually or by facsimile signature. The Rights Certificates shall be manually countersigned by an authorized signatory of the Rights Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless so countersigned. In case any officer of the Company who shall have signed any of the Rights Certificates shall cease to be such officer of the Company before countersignature by the Rights Agent and issuance and delivery by the Company, such Rights Certificates, nevertheless, may be countersigned by an authorized signatory of the Rights Agent and issued and delivered by the Company with the same force and effect as though the person who signed such Rights Certificates had not ceased to be such officer of the Company; and any Rights Certificates may be signed on behalf of the Company by any person who, at the actual date of the execution of such Rights Certificate, shall be a proper officer of the Company to sign such Rights Certificate, although at the date of the execution of this Rights Agreement any such person was not such an officer. (b) Following the Distribution Date, the Rights Agent will keep or cause to be kept, at its office or offices designated as the appropriate place for surrender of Rights Certificates upon exercise or transfer, books for registration and transfer of the Rights Certificates issued hereunder. Such books shall show the names and addresses of the respective holders of the Rights Certificates, the number of Rights evidenced on its face by each of the Rights Certificates and the date of each of the Rights Certificates. -11- SECTION 6. TRANSFER, SPLIT UP, COMBINATION AND EXCHANGE OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES; MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. (a) Subject to the provisions of Section 4(b), Section 7(e) and Section 14 hereof, at any time after the close of business on the Distribution Date, and at or prior to the close of business on the Expiration Date, any Rights Certificate or Certificates may be transferred, split up, combined or exchanged for another Rights Certificate or Certificates, entitling the registered holder to purchase a like number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock (or, following a Triggering Event, Common Stock, other securities, cash or other assets, as the case may be) as the Rights Certificate or Certificates surrendered then entitled such holder (or former holder in the case of a transfer) to purchase. Any registered holder desiring to transfer, split up, combine or exchange any Rights Certificate or Certificates shall make such request in writing delivered to the Rights Agent, and shall surrender the Rights Certificate or Certificates to be transferred, split up, combined or exchanged at the office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose. Neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to take any action whatsoever with respect to the transfer of any such surrendered Rights Certificate until the registered holder shall have completed and signed the certificate contained in the form of assignment on the reverse side of such Rights Certificate and shall have provided such additional evidence of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or Affiliates or Associates thereof as the Company shall reasonably request. Thereupon the Rights Agent shall, subject to Section 4(b), Section 7(e) and Section 14 hereof, countersign and deliver to the Person entitled thereto a Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates, as the case may be, as so requested. The Company may require payment by the holder of a Rights Certificate of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer, split up, combination or exchange of Rights Certificates. (b) Upon receipt by the Company and the Rights Agent of evidence reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of a Rights Certificate, and, in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to them, and reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto, and upon surrender to the Rights Agent and cancellation of the Rights Certificate, if mutilated, the Company will execute -12- and deliver a new Rights Certificate of like tenor to the Rights Agent for countersignature and delivery to the registered owner in lieu of the Rights Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated. SECTION 7. EXERCISE OF RIGHTS; PURCHASE PRICE; EXPIRATION DATE OF RIGHTS. (a) Subject to Section 7(e) hereof, the registered holder of any Rights Certificate may exercise the Rights evidenced thereby (except as otherwise provided herein including, without limitation, the restrictions on exercisability set forth in Section 9(c), Section 11(a)(iii) and Section 23(a) hereof) in whole or in part at any time after the Distribution Date upon surrender of the Rights Certificate, with the form of election to purchase and the certificate on the reverse side thereof duly executed, to the Rights Agent at the office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, along with a signature guarantee and such other and further documentation as the Rights Agent may reasonably request, together with payment of the aggregate Purchase Price with respect to the total number of one one-thousandths of a share (or other securities, cash or other assets, as the case may be) as to which such surrendered Rights are then exercisable, at or prior to the earlier of (i) the close of business on January 22, 2006 (the "Final Expiration Date"), or (ii) the time at which the Rights are redeemed as provided in Section 23 hereof (the earlier of (i) and (ii) being herein referred to as the "Expiration Date"). (b) The Purchase Price for each one one-thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock pursuant to the exercise of a Right shall initially be $180 and shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Sections 11 and 13(a) hereof and shall be payable in accordance with paragraph (c) below. (c) Upon receipt of a Rights Certificate representing exercisable Rights, with the form of election to purchase and the certificate duly executed, accompanied by payment, with respect to each Right so exercised, of the Purchase Price per one one-thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock (or other securities, cash or other assets, as the case may be) to be purchased as set forth below and an amount equal to any applicable transfer tax, the Rights Agent shall, subject to Section 20(k) hereof, thereupon promptly (i) (A) requisition from any transfer agent of the shares of Preferred Stock (or make available, if the Rights Agent is the transfer agent for such shares) certificates for the total number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock to be purchased and the Company hereby irrevocably authorizes its -13- transfer agent to comply with all such requests, or (B) if the Company shall have elected to deposit the total number of shares of Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the Rights hereunder with a depositary agent, requisition from the depositary agent depositary receipts representing such number of one one- thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock as are to be purchased (in which case certificates for the shares of Preferred Stock represented by such receipts shall be deposited by the transfer agent with the depositary agent) and the Company will direct the depositary agent to comply with such request, (ii) requisition from the Company the amount of cash, if any, to be paid in lieu of fractional shares in accordance with Section 14 hereof, (iii) after receipt of such certificates or depositary receipts, cause the same to be delivered to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Rights Certificate, registered in such name or names as may be designated by such holder, and (iv) after receipt thereof, deliver such cash, if any, to or upon the order of the registered holder of such Rights Certificate. The payment of the Purchase Price (as such amount may be reduced pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) or Section 13(a) hereof) shall be made in cash or by certified check or bank draft payable to the order of the Company. In the event that the Company is obligated to issue other securities (including Common Stock) of the Company, pay cash and/or distribute other property pursuant to Section 11(a) hereof, the Company will make all arrangements necessary so that such other securities, cash and/or other property are available for distribution by the Rights Agent, if and when appropriate. The Company reserves the right to require prior to the occurrence of a Triggering Event that, upon any exercise of Rights, a number of Rights be exercised so that only whole shares of Preferred Stock would be issued. (d) In case the registered holder of any Rights Certificate shall exercise less than all the Rights evidenced thereby, a new Rights Certificate evidencing Rights equivalent to the Rights remaining unexercised shall be issued by the Rights Agent and delivered to, or upon the order of, the registered holder of such Rights Certificate, registered in such name or names as may be designated by such holder, subject to the provisions of Section 14 hereof. (e) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, from and after the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, any Rights beneficially owned by (i) an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person, (ii) a transferee of an Acquiring Person (or of any such Affiliate or Associate) who becomes a transferee after the Acquiring Person becomes such, or (iii) a transferee of an -14- Acquiring Person (or of any such Affiliate or Associate) who becomes a transferee prior to or concurrently with the Acquiring Person becoming such and receives such Rights pursuant to either (A) a transfer (whether or not for consideration) from the Acquiring Person to holders of equity interests in such Acquiring Person or to any Person with whom the Acquiring Person has any continuing agreement, arrangement or understanding regarding the transferred Rights or (B) a transfer which a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company has determined is part of a plan, arrangement or understanding which has as a primary purpose or effect the avoidance of this Section 7(e), shall become null and void without any further action, and no holder of such Rights shall have any rights whatsoever with respect to such Rights, whether under any provision of this Agreement or otherwise. The Company shall use all reasonable efforts to ensure that the provisions of this Section 7(e) and Section 4(b) hereof are complied with, but shall have no liability to any holder of Rights Certificates or other Person as a result of its failure to make any determinations with respect to an Acquiring Person or its Affiliates, Associates or transferees hereunder. (f) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither the Rights Agent nor the Company shall be obligated to undertake any action with respect to a registered holder upon the occurrence of any purported exercise as set forth in this Section 7 unless such registered holder shall have (i) completed and signed the certificate contained in the form of election to purchase set forth on the reverse side of the Rights Certificate surrendered for such exercise, and (ii) provided such additional evidence of the identity of the Beneficial Owner (or former Beneficial Owner) or Affiliates or Associates thereof as the Company shall reasonably request. SECTION 8. CANCELLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. All Rights Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise, transfer, split up, combination or exchange shall, if surrendered to the Company or any of its agents, be delivered to the Rights Agent for cancellation or in canceled form, or, if surrendered to the Rights Agent, shall be canceled by it, and no Rights Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company shall deliver to the Rights Agent for cancellation and retirement, and the Rights Agent shall so cancel and retire, any other Rights Certificate purchased or acquired by the Company otherwise than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver all canceled Rights Certificates to the Company. -15- SECTION 9. RESERVATION AND AVAILABILITY OF CAPITAL STOCK. (a) The Company covenants and agrees that it will cause to be reserved and kept available out of its authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock (and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, out of its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock and/or other securities or out of its authorized and issued shares held in its treasury), the number of shares of Preferred Stock (and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common Stock and/or other securities) that, as provided in this Agreement, including Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, will be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Rights. (b) So long as the shares of Preferred Stock (and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common Stock and/or other securities) issuable and deliverable upon the exercise of the Rights may be listed on any national securities exchange, the Company shall use its best efforts to cause, from and after such time as the Rights become exercisable, all shares reserved for such issuance to be listed on such exchange upon official notice of issuance upon such exercise. (c) The Company shall use its best efforts to (i) file, as soon as practicable following the earliest date after the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event on which the consideration to be delivered by the Company upon exercise of the Rights has been determined in accordance with Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, a registration statement under the Act with respect to the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Rights on an appropriate form, (ii) cause such registration statement to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing, and (iii) cause such registration statement to remain effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the requirements of the Act) until the earlier of (A) the date as of which the Rights are no longer exercisable for such securities, or (B) the date of the expiration of the Rights. The Company will also take such action as may be appropriate under, or to ensure compliance with, the securities or "blue sky" laws of the various states in connection with the exercisability of the Rights. The Company may temporarily suspend, for a period of time not to exceed 90 days after the date set forth in clause (i) of the first sentence of this Section 9(c), the exercisability of the Rights in order to prepare and file such registration statement and permit it to become effective. Upon any such suspension, the Company shall issue a public announcement, and shall give simultaneous written notice to the Rights Agent stating that the exercisability of the -16- Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public announcement at such time as the suspension is no longer in effect. In addition, if the Company shall determine that a registration statement is required following the Distribution Date, the Company may temporarily suspend the exercisability of the Rights until such time as a registration statement has been declared effective. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the Rights shall not be exercisable in any jurisdiction if the requisite qualification in such jurisdiction shall not have been obtained, the exercise thereof shall not be permitted under applicable law or a registration statement shall not have been declared effective. (d) The Company covenants and agrees that it will take all such action as may be necessary to ensure that all one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock (and, following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, Common Stock and/or other securities) delivered upon exercise of Rights shall, at the time of delivery of the certificates for such shares (subject to payment of the Purchase Price), be duly and validly authorized and issued, and fully paid and non- assessable. (e) The Company further covenants and agrees that it will pay when due and payable any and all federal and state transfer taxes and charges which may be payable in respect of the issuance or delivery of the Rights Certificates and of any certificates for a number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) upon the exercise of the Rights. The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any transfer tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer or delivery of Rights Certificates to a Person other than, or the issuance or delivery of a number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) in respect of a name other than that of, the registered holder of the Rights Certificates evidencing Rights surrendered for exercise or to issue or deliver any certificates for a number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) in a name other than that of the registered holder upon the exercise of any Rights until such tax shall have been paid (any such tax being payable by the holder of such Rights Certificate at the time of surrender) or until it has been established to the Company's satisfaction that no such tax is due. SECTION 10. PREFERRED STOCK RECORD DATE. Each person in whose name any certificate for a number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other -17- securities, as the case may be) is issued upon the exercise of Rights shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of such fractional shares of Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) represented thereby on, and such certificate shall be dated, the date upon which the Rights Certificate evidencing such Rights was duly surrendered and payment of the Purchase Price (and all applicable transfer taxes) was made; provided, however, that if the date of such surrender and payment is a date upon which the Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) transfer books of the Company are closed, such Person shall be deemed to have become the record holder of such shares (fractional or otherwise) on, and such certificate shall be dated, the next succeeding Business Day on which the Preferred Stock (or Common Stock and/or other securities, as the case may be) transfer books of the Company are open. Prior to the exercise of the Rights evidenced thereby, the holder of a Rights Certificate shall not be entitled to any rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to shares for which the Rights shall be exercisable, including, without limitation, the right to vote, to receive dividends or other distributions or to exercise any preemptive rights, and shall not be entitled to receive any notice of any proceedings of the Company, except as provided herein. SECTION 11. ADJUSTMENT OF PURCHASE PRICE, NUMBER AND KIND OF SHARES OR NUMBER OF RIGHTS. The Purchase Price, the number and kind of shares covered by each Right and the number of Rights outstanding are subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in this Section 11. (a)(i) In the event the Company shall at any time after the date of this Agreement (A) declare a dividend on the Preferred Stock payable in shares of Preferred Stock, (B) subdivide the outstanding Preferred Stock, (C) combine the outstanding Preferred Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (D) issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the Preferred Stock (including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing or surviving corporation), except as otherwise provided in this Section 11(a) and Section 7(e) hereof, the Purchase Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or of the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification, and the number and kind of shares of Preferred Stock or capital stock, as the case may be, issuable on such date, shall be proportionately adjusted so that the holder of any Right exercised after such time shall -18- be entitled to receive, upon payment of the Purchase Price then in effect, the aggregate number and kind of shares of Preferred Stock or capital stock, as the case may be, which, if such Right had been exercised immediately prior to such date and at a time when the Preferred Stock transfer books of the Company were open, he would have owned upon such exercise and been entitled to receive by virtue of such dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification. If an event occurs which would require an adjustment under both this Section 11(a)(i) and Section 11(a)(ii) hereof, the adjustment provided for in this Section 11(a)(i) shall be in addition to, and shall be made prior to, any adjustment required pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) hereof. (ii) In the event any Person, alone or together with its Affiliates and Associates, shall, at any time after the Rights Dividend Declaration Date, become an Acquiring Person, then proper provision shall be made so that each holder of a Right (except as provided below and in Section 7(e) hereof) shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon exercise thereof at the then current Purchase Price in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, in lieu of a number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock, such number of shares of Common Stock of the Company as shall equal the result obtained by (x) multiplying the then current Purchase Price by the then number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock for which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, and (y) dividing that product (which, following such first occurrence, shall thereafter be referred to as the "Purchase Price" for each Right and for all purposes of this Agreement) by 50% of the Current Market Price (determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof) per share of Common Stock on the date of such first occurrence (such number of shares being referred to as the "Adjustment Shares"). (iii) In the event that the number of shares of Common Stock which are authorized by the Company's Certificate of Incorporation but not outstanding or reserved for issuance for purposes other than upon exercise of the Rights are not sufficient to permit the exercise in full of the Rights in accordance with the foregoing subparagraph (ii) of this Section 11(a), the Company, acting by resolution of its Board of Directors shall (A) determine the value of the Adjustment Shares issuable upon the exercise of a Right (the "Current Value"), and (B) with respect to each Right (subject to Section 7(e) hereof), make adequate provision to -19- substitute for the Adjustment Shares, upon the exercise of a Right and payment of the applicable Purchase Price, (1) cash, (2) a reduction in the Purchase Price, (3) Common Stock or other equity securities of the Company (including, without limitation, shares, or units of shares, of preferred stock, such as the Preferred Stock, which the Board has deemed to have essentially the same value or economic rights as shares of Common Stock (such shares of preferred stock being referred to as "Common Stock Equivalents")), (4) debt securities of the Company, (5) other assets, or (6) any combination of the foregoing, having an aggregate value equal to the Current Value (less the amount of any reduction in the Purchase Price), where such aggregate value has been determined by the Board based upon the advice of a nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by the Board; provided, however, that if the Company shall not have made adequate provision to deliver value pursuant to clause (B) above within 30 days following the later of (x) the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event and (y) the date on which the Company's right of redemption pursuant to Section 23(a) expires (the later of (x) and (y) being referred to herein as the "Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date"), then the Company shall be obligated to deliver, upon the surrender for exercise of a Right and without requiring payment of the Purchase Price, shares of Common Stock (to the extent available) and then, if necessary, cash, which shares and/or cash have an aggregate value equal to the Spread. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term "Spread" shall mean the excess of (i) the Current Value over (ii) the Purchase Price. If the Board determines in good faith that it is likely that sufficient additional shares of Common Stock could be authorized for issuance upon exercise in full of the Rights, the 30-day period set forth above may be extended to the extent necessary, but not more than 90 days after the Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date, in order that the Company may seek shareholder approval for the authorization of such additional shares (such 30-day period, as it may be extended, is herein called the "Substitution Period"). To the extent that action is to be taken pursuant to the first and/or third sentences of this Section 11(a)(iii), the Company (1) shall provide, subject to Section 7(e) hereof, that such action shall apply uniformly to all outstanding Rights, and (2) may suspend the exercisability of the Rights until the expiration of the Substitution Period in order to seek such shareholder approval for such authorization of additional shares and/or to decide the appropriate form of distribution to be made pursuant to such first sentence and to determine the value -20- thereof. In the event of any such suspension, the Company shall issue a public announcement, with simultaneous written notice to the Rights Agent stating that the exercisability of the Rights has been temporarily suspended, as well as a public announcement at such time as the suspension is no longer in effect. For purposes of this Section 11(a)(iii), the value of each Adjustment Share shall be the Current Market Price (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof) per share of the Common Stock on the Section 11(a)(ii) Trigger Date and the per share or per unit value of any Common Stock Equivalent shall be deemed to equal the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on such date. (b) In case the Company shall fix a record date for the issuance of rights, options or warrants to all holders of Preferred Stock entitling them to subscribe for or purchase (for a period expiring within 45 calendar days after such record date) Preferred Stock (or shares having the same rights, privileges and preferences as the shares of Preferred Stock ("equivalent preferred stock")) or securities convertible into Preferred Stock or equivalent preferred stock at a price per share of Preferred Stock or per share of equivalent preferred stock (or having a conversion price per share, if a security convertible into Preferred Stock or equivalent preferred stock) less than the Current Market Price per share of Preferred Stock on such record date, the Purchase Price to be in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Preferred Stock outstanding on such record date, plus the number of shares of Preferred Stock which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares of Preferred Stock and/or equivalent preferred stock so to be offered (and/or the aggregate initial conversion price of the convertible securities so to be offered) would purchase at such Current Market Price, and the denominator of which shall be the number of shares of Preferred Stock outstanding on such record date, plus the number of additional shares of Preferred Stock and/or equivalent preferred stock to be offered for subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible securities so to be offered are initially convertible). In case such subscription price may be paid by delivery of consideration part or all of which may be in a form other than cash, the value of such consideration shall be as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be binding on the Rights Agent and the holders of the Rights. Shares of Preferred Stock -21- owned by or held for the account of the Company shall not be deemed outstanding for the purpose of any such computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and in the event that such rights or warrants are not so issued, the Purchase Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed. (c) In case the Company shall fix a record date for a distribution to all holders of Preferred Stock (including any such distribution made in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing corporation), of evidences of indebtedness, cash (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend out of the earnings or retained earnings of the Company), assets (other than a dividend payable in Preferred Stock, but including any dividend payable in stock other than Preferred Stock) or subscription rights or warrants (excluding those referred to in Section 11(b) hereof), the Purchase Price to be in effect after such record date shall be determined by multiplying the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such record date by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the current market price (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof) per share of Preferred Stock on such record date, less the fair market value (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent) of the portion of the cash, assets or evidences of indebtedness so to be distributed or of such subscription rights or warrants applicable to a share of Preferred Stock and the denominator of which shall be such Current Market Price per share of Preferred Stock. Such adjustments shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed, and in the event that such distribution is not so made, the Purchase Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which would have been in effect if such record date had not been fixed. (d)(i) For the purpose of any computation hereunder, other than computations made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, the "Current Market Price" per share of Common Stock on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily closing prices per share of such Common Stock for the 30 consecutive Trading Days (as hereinafter defined) immediately prior to such date, and for purposes of computations made pursuant to Section 11(a)(iii) hereof, the Current Market Price per share of Common Stock on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily closing prices per share of such Common Stock for the ten consecutive Trading Days immediately following such date; -22- provided, however, that in the event that the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock is determined during a period following the announcement by the issuer of such Common Stock of (A) a dividend or distribution on such Common Stock payable in shares of such Common Stock or securities convertible into shares of such Common Stock (other than the Rights), or (B) any subdivision, combination or reclassification of such Common Stock, and the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, or the record date for such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall not have occurred prior to the commencement of the requisite 30 Trading Day or ten Trading Day period, as set forth above, then, and in each such case, the Current Market Price shall be properly adjusted to take into account ex-dividend trading. The closing price for each day shall be the last sale price, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange or, if the shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading or, if the shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation System or such other system then in use, or, if on any such date the shares of Common Stock are not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in the Common Stock selected by the Board. If on any such date no market maker is making a market in the Common Stock, the fair value of such shares on such date as determined in good faith by the Board shall be used. The term "Trading Day" shall mean a day on which the principal national securities exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if the shares of Common Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, a Business Day. If the Common Stock is not publicly held or not so listed or traded, Current Market Price per share shall mean the fair value per share as -23- determined in good faith by the Board, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes. (ii) For the purpose of any computation hereunder, the Current Market Price per share of Preferred Stock shall be determined in the same manner as set forth above for the Common Stock in clause (i) of this Section 11(d) (other than the last sentence thereof). If the Current Market Price per share of Preferred Stock cannot be determined in the manner provided above or if the Preferred Stock is not publicly held or listed or traded in a manner described in clause (i) of this Section 11(d), the Current Market Price per share of Preferred Stock shall be conclusively deemed to be an amount equal to 1,000 (as such number may be appropriately adjusted for such events as stock splits, stock dividends and recapitalizations with respect to the Common Stock occurring after the date of this Agreement) multiplied by the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock. If neither the Common Stock nor the Preferred Stock is publicly held or so listed or traded, Current Market Price per share of the Preferred Stock shall mean the fair value per share as determined in good faith by the Board, whose determination shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes. For all purposes of this Agreement, the Current Market Price of a Unit shall be equal to the Current Market Price of one share of Preferred Stock divided by 1,000. (e) Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, no adjustment in the Purchase Price shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the Purchase Price; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason of this Section 11(e) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under this Section 11 shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest hundred-thousandth of a share of Common Stock or other share or one-ten-millionth of a share of Preferred Stock, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this Section 11(e), any adjustment required by this Section 11 shall be made no later than the earlier of (i) three years from the date of the transaction which mandates such adjustment, or (ii) the Expiration Date. (f) If as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii) or Section 13(a) hereof, the holder of any Right thereafter exercised shall become entitled to receive any shares of capital stock other than Preferred Stock, thereafter -24- the number of such other shares so receivable upon exercise of any Right and the Purchase Price thereof shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the Preferred Stock contained in Sections 11(a), (b), (c), (e), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k) and (m), and the provisions of Sections 7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 hereof with respect to the Preferred Stock shall apply on like terms to any such other shares. (g) All Rights originally issued by the Company subsequent to any adjustment made to the Purchase Price hereunder shall evidence the right to purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock purchasable from time to time hereunder upon exercise of the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein. (h) Unless the Company shall have exercised its election as provided in Section 11(i), upon each adjustment of the Purchase Price as a result of the calculations made in Sections 11(b) and (c), each Right outstanding immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter evidence the right to purchase, at the adjusted Purchase Price, that number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock (calculated to the nearest one-ten-millionth) obtained by (i) multiplying (x) the number of one one-thousandths of a share covered by a Right immediately prior to this adjustment, by (y) the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment of the Purchase Price, and (ii) dividing the product so obtained by the Purchase Price in effect immediately after such adjustment of the Purchase Price. (i) The Company may elect on or after the date of any adjustment of the Purchase Price to adjust the number of Rights, in lieu of any adjustment in the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock purchasable upon the exercise of a Right. Each of the Rights outstanding after the adjustment in the number of Rights shall be exercisable for the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock for which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to such adjustment. Each Right held of record prior to such adjustment of the number of Rights shall become that number of Rights (calculated to the nearest one-ten-thousandth) obtained by dividing the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to adjustment of the Purchase Price by the Purchase Price in effect immediately after adjustment of the Purchase Price. The Company shall make a public announcement of its election to adjust the number of Rights, indicating the record date for the adjustment, and, if known at the time, the amount of the adjustment to be made. This record date may be the -25- date on which the Purchase Price is adjusted or any day thereafter, but, if the Rights Certificates have been issued, shall be at least ten days later than the date of the public announcement. If Rights Certificates have been issued, upon each adjustment of the number of Rights pursuant to this Section 11(i), the Company shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders of record of Rights Certificates on such record date Rights Certificates evidencing, subject to Section 14 hereof, the additional Rights to which such holders shall be entitled as a result of such adjustment, or, at the option of the Company, shall cause to be distributed to such holders of record in substitution and replacement for the Rights Certificates held by such holders prior to the date of adjustment, and upon surrender thereof, if required by the Company, new Rights Certificates evidencing all the Rights to which such holders shall be entitled after such adjustment. Rights Certificates so to be distributed shall be issued, executed and countersigned in the manner provided for herein (and may bear, at the option of the Company, the adjusted Purchase Price) and shall be registered in the names of the holders of record of Rights Certificates on the record date specified in the public announcement. (j) Irrespective of any adjustment or change in the Purchase Price or the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Rights, the Rights Certificates theretofore and thereafter issued may continue to express the Purchase Price per one one-thousandth of a share and the number of one one-thousandths of a share which were expressed in the initial Rights Certificates issued hereunder. (k) Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment reducing the Purchase Price below the then stated value, if any, of the number of one one- thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the Rights, the Company shall take any corporate action which may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable such number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock at such adjusted Purchase Price. (l) In any case in which this Section 11 shall require that an adjustment in the Purchase Price be made effective as of a record date for a specified event, the Company may elect to defer until the occurrence of such event the issuance to the holder of any Right exercised after such record date the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock and other capital stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise -26- over and above the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock and other capital stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise on the basis of the Purchase Price in effect prior to such adjustment; provided, however, that the Company shall deliver to such holder a due bill or other appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right to receive such additional shares (fractional or otherwise) or securities upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment. (m) Anything in this Section 11 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall be entitled to make such reductions in the Purchase Price, in addition to those adjustments expressly required by this Section 11, as and to the extent that in their good faith judgment the Board of Directors of the Company shall determine to be advisable in order that any (i) consolidation or subdivision of the Preferred Stock, (ii) issuance wholly for cash of any shares of Preferred Stock at less than the Current Market Price thereof, (iii) issuance wholly for cash of shares of Preferred Stock or securities which by their terms are convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Preferred Stock, (iv) stock dividends, or (v) issuance of rights, options or warrants referred to in this Section 11, hereafter made by the Company to holders of its Preferred Stock shall not be taxable to such stockholders. (n) The Company covenants and agrees that it shall not, at any time after the Distribution Date, (i) consolidate with any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), (ii) merge with or into any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), or (iii) sell or transfer (or permit any Subsidiary to sell or transfer), in one transaction, or a series of related transactions, assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any other Person or Persons (other than the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries in one or more transactions each of which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), if (x) at the time of or immediately after such consolidation, merger or sale there are any rights, warrants or other instruments or securities outstanding or agreements in effect which would substantially diminish or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights or (y) prior to, simultaneously with or immediately after such consolidation, merger or sale, the shareholders of the Person who constitutes, or would constitute, the Principal Party for purposes of Section 13(a) hereof shall have received a distribution of Rights -27- previously owned by such Person or any of its Affiliates and Associates. (o) The Company covenants and agrees that, after the Distribution Date, it will not, except as permitted by Section 23 or Section 26 hereof, take (or permit any Subsidiary to take) any action if at the time such action is taken it is reasonably foreseeable that such action will diminish substantially or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights. (p) Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event that the Company shall at any time after the Rights Dividend Declaration Date and prior to the Distribution Date (i) declare a dividend on the outstanding shares of Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding shares of Common Stock, or (iii) combine the outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the number of Rights associated with each share of Common Stock then outstanding, or issued or delivered thereafter but prior to the Distribution Date, shall be proportionately adjusted so that the number of Rights thereafter associated with each share of Common Stock following any such event shall equal the result obtained by multiplying the number of Rights associated with each share of Common Stock immediately prior to such event by a fraction the numerator of which shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the occurrence of the event and the denominator of which shall be the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately following the occurrence of such event. SECTION 12. CERTIFICATE OF ADJUSTED PURCHASE PRICE OR NUMBER OF SHARES. Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Section 11 and Section 13 hereof, the Company shall (a) promptly prepare a certificate setting forth such adjustment, the adjusted Purchase Price and a brief statement of the facts accounting for such adjustment, (b) promptly file with the Rights Agent, and with each transfer agent for the Preferred Stock and the Common Stock, a copy of such certificate, and (c) mail a brief summary thereof to each holder of a Rights Certificate (or, if prior to the Distribution Date, to each holder of a certificate representing shares of Common Stock) in accordance with Section 25 hereof. The Rights Agent shall be fully protected in relying on any such certificate and on any adjustment therein contained. SECTION 13. CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR SALE OR TRANSFER OF ASSETS OR EARNING POWER. -28- (a) In the event that, following the Stock Acquisition Date, directly or indirectly, (x) the Company shall consolidate with, or merge with and into, any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), and the Company shall not be the continuing or surviving corporation of such consolidation or merger, (y) any Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which complies with Section 11(o) hereof) shall consolidate with, or merge with or into, the Company, and the Company shall be the continuing or surviving corporation of such consolidation or merger and, in connection with such consolidation or merger, all or part of the outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be changed into or exchanged for stock or other securities of any other Person or cash or any other property, or (z) the Company shall sell, mortgage or otherwise transfer (or one or more of its Subsidiaries shall sell, mortgage or otherwise transfer), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any Person or Persons (other than the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company in one or more transactions each of which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), then, and in each such case (except as may be contemplated by Section 13(d) hereof), proper provision shall be made so that: (i) each holder of a Right, except as provided in Section 7(e) hereof, shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon the exercise thereof at the then current Purchase Price in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such number of validly authorized and issued, fully paid, non-assessable and freely tradeable shares of Common Stock of the Principal Party, not subject to any liens, encumbrances, rights of first refusal or other adverse claims, as shall be equal to the result obtained by(1) multiplying the then current Purchase Price by the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock for which a Right is exercisable immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event (or, if a Section 11(a)(ii) Event has occurred prior to the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event, multiplying the number of such one one- thousandths of a share for which a Right was exercisable immediately prior to the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event by the Purchase Price in effect immediately prior to such first occurrence), and dividing that product (which, following the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event, shall be referred to as the "Purchase Price" for each Right and for all purposes of this Agreement) by (2) 50% of the Current Market Price (determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof) per share of the Common Stock of such Principal Party on the date of consummation of such Section 13 Event; (ii) such -29- Principal Party shall thereafter be liable for, and shall assume, by virtue of such Section 13 Event, all the obligations and duties of the Company pursuant to this Agreement; (iii) the term "Company" shall thereafter be deemed to refer to such Principal Party, it being specifically intended that the provisions of Section 11 hereof shall apply only to such Principal Party following the first occurrence of a Section 13 Event; (iv) such Principal Party shall take such steps (including, but not limited to, the reservation of a sufficient number of shares of its Common Stock) in connection with the consummation of any such transaction as may be necessary to assure that the provisions hereof shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to its shares of Common Stock thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of the Rights; and (v) the provisions of Section 11(a)(ii) hereof shall be of no effect following the first occurrence of any Section 13 Event. (b) "Principal Party" shall mean (i) in the case of any transaction described in clause (x) or (y) of the first sentence of Section 13(a), the Person that is the issuer of any securities into which shares of Common Stock of the Company are converted in such merger or consolidation, and if no securities are so issued, the Person that is the other party to such merger or consolidation; and (ii) in the case of any transaction described in clause (z) of the first sentence of Section 13(a), the Person that is the party receiving the greatest portion of the assets or earning power transferred pursuant to such transaction or transactions; provided, however, that in any such case, (1) if the Common Stock of such Person is not at such time and has not been continuously over the preceding 12-month period registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, and such Person is a direct or indirect Subsidiary of another Person the Common Stock of which is and has been so registered, "Principal Party" shall refer to such other Person; and (2) in case such Person is a Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, of more than one Person, the Common Stocks of two or more of which are and have been so registered, "Principal Party" shall refer to whichever of such Persons is the issuer of the Common Stock having the greatest aggregate market value. (c) The Company shall not consummate any such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer unless the Principal Party shall have a sufficient number of authorized shares of its -30- Common Stock which have not been issued or reserved for issuance to permit the exercise in full of the Rights in accordance with this Section 13 and unless prior thereto the Company and such Principal Party shall have executed and delivered to the Rights Agent a supplemental agreement providing for the terms set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 13 and further providing that, as soon as practicable after the date of any consolidation, merger or sale of assets mentioned in paragraph (a) of this Section 13, the Principal Party will (i) prepare and file a registration statement under the Act, with respect to the Rights and the securities purchasable upon exercise of the Rights on an appropriate form, and will use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to (A) become effective as soon as practicable after such filing and (B) remain effective (with a prospectus at all times meeting the requirements of the Act) until the Expiration Date; and (ii) deliver to holders of the Rights historical financial statements for the Principal Party and each of its Affiliates which comply in all respects with the requirements for registration on Form 10 under the Exchange Act. The provisions of this Section 13 shall similarly apply to successive mergers or consolidations or sales or other transfers. In the event that a Section 13 Event shall occur at any time after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, the Rights which have not theretofore been exercised shall thereafter become exercisable in the manner described in Section 13(a). (d) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Section 13 shall not be applicable to a transaction described in subparagraphs (x) and (y) of Section 13(a) if (i) such transaction is consummated with a Person or Persons who (or whose Affiliates) acquired shares of Common Stock pursuant to a tender offer or exchange offer for all outstanding shares of Common Stock which offer did not result in an adjustment under Section 11(a)(ii) with respect to the securities issuable upon the exercise of Rights (ii) the price per share of Common Stock offered in such transaction is not less than the price per share of Common Stock paid to all holders of shares of Common Stock whose shares were purchased pursuant to such tender offer or exchange offer, and (iii) the form of consideration being offered to the remaining holders of shares of Common Stock pursuant to such transaction is the same as the form of consideration paid pursuant to such tender offer or exchange offer. Upon -31- consummation of any such transaction contemplated by this Section 13(d), all Rights hereunder shall expire. SECTION 14. FRACTIONAL RIGHTS AND FRACTIONAL SHARES. (a) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Rights, except prior to the Distribution Date as provided in Section 11(p) hereof, or to distribute Rights Certificates which evidence fractional Rights. In lieu of such fractional Rights, there shall be paid to the registered holders of the Rights Certificates with regard to which such fractional Rights would otherwise be issuable, an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value of a whole Right. For purposes of this Section 14(a), the current market value of a whole Right shall be the closing price of the Rights for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which such fractional Rights would have been otherwise issuable. The closing price of the Rights for any day shall be the last sale price, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange or, if the Rights are not listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on which the Rights are listed or admitted to trading, or if the Rights are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation System or such other system then in use or, if on any such date the Rights are not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in the Rights selected by the Board of Directors of the Company. If on any such date no such market maker is making a market in the Rights the fair value of the Rights on such date as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company shall be used. (b) The Company shall not be required to issue fractions of shares of Preferred Stock (other than fractions which are integral multiples of one one- thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock) upon exercise of the Rights or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional shares of Preferred Stock (other than fractions which are integral multiples of one one-thousandth of a -32- share of Preferred Stock). In lieu of fractional shares of Preferred Stock that are not integral multiples of one one-thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock, the Company may pay to the registered holders of Rights Certificates at the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value of one one-thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock. For purposes of this Section 14(b), the current market value of one one-thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock shall be one one-thousandth of the closing price of a share of Preferred Stock (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(ii) hereof) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise. (c) Following the occurrence of a Triggering Event, the Company shall not be required to issue fractions of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Rights or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional shares of Common Stock. In lieu of fractional shares of Common Stock, the Company may pay to the registered holders of Rights Certificates at the time such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the Current Market Value of one share of Common Stock. For purposes of this Section 14(c), the Current Market Value of one share of Common Stock shall be the closing price of one share of Common Stock (as determined pursuant to Section 11(d)(i) hereof) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise. (d) The holder of a Right by the acceptance of the Rights expressly waives his right to receive any fractional Rights or any fractional shares upon exercise of a Right, except as permitted by this Section 14. SECTION 15. RIGHTS OF ACTION. All rights of action in respect of this Agreement, excepting the rights of action given to the Rights Agent, are vested in the respective registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, the registered holders of the Common Stock); and any registered holder of any Rights Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, of the Common Stock), without the consent of the Rights Agent or of the holder of any other Rights Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, of the Common Stock), may, in his own behalf and for his own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding against the Company to enforce, or otherwise act in respect of, his right to exercise the Rights evidenced by such Rights Certificate in the manner provided in such Rights Certificate and in this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing or any remedies available to the holders of Rights, it is specifically -33- acknowledged that the holders of Rights would not have an adequate remedy at law for any breach of this Agreement and shall be entitled to specific performance of the obligations hereunder and injunctive relief against actual or threatened violations of the obligations hereunder of any Person subject to this Agreement. SECTION 16. AGREEMENT OF RIGHTS HOLDERS. Every holder of a Right by accepting the same consents and agrees with the Company and the Rights Agent and with every other holder of a Right that: (a) prior to the Distribution Date, the Rights will be transferable only in connection with the transfer of Common Stock; (b) after the Distribution Date, the Rights Certificates are transferable only on the registry books of the Rights Agent if surrendered at the office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purposes, duly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument of transfer and with the appropriate forms and certificates fully executed; (c) subject to Section 6(a) and Section 7(f) hereof, the Company and the Rights Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name a Rights Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution Date, the associated Common Stock certificate) is registered as the absolute owner thereof and of the Rights evidenced thereby (notwithstanding any notations of ownership or writing on the Rights Certificates or the associated Common Stock certificate made by anyone other than the Company or the Rights Agent) for all purposes whatsoever, and neither the Company nor the Rights Agent, subject to the last sentence of Section 7(e) hereof, shall be required to be affected by any notice to the contrary; and (d) notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, neither the Company nor the Rights Agent shall have any liability to any holder of a Right or other Person as a result of its inability to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement by reason of any preliminary or permanent injunction or other order, decree or ruling issued by a court of competent jurisdiction or by a governmental, regulatory or administrative agency or commission, or any statute, rule, regulation or executive order promulgated or enacted by any governmental authority, prohibiting or otherwise restraining performance of such obligations; provided, however, the Company must use its best efforts to have any such order, decree or ruling lifted or otherwise overturned as soon as possible. -34- SECTION 17. RIGHTS CERTIFICATE HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER. No holder, as such, of any Rights Certificate shall be entitled to vote, receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the number of one one- thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock or any other securities of the Company which may at any time be issuable on the exercise of the Rights represented thereby, nor shall anything contained herein or in any Rights Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any Rights Certificate, as such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to stockholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting stockholders (except as provided in Section 24 hereof), or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by such Rights Certificate shall have been exercised in accordance with the provisions hereof. SECTION 18. CONCERNING THE RIGHTS AGENT. (a) The Company agrees to pay to the Rights Agent such compensation as shall be agreed to in writing between the Company and the Rights Agent for all services rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time, on demand of the Rights Agent, its reasonable expenses and counsel fees and disbursements and other disbursements incurred in the administration and execution of this Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder. The Company also agrees to indemnify the Rights Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, or expense, incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent, for anything done or omitted by the Rights Agent in connection with the acceptance and administration of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the costs and expenses of defending against any claim of liability in the premises. The provisions of this Section 18(a) shall survive the expiration of the Rights and the termination of this Agreement. (b) The Rights Agent shall be protected and shall incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in connection with its administration of this Agreement in reliance upon any Rights Certificate or certificate for Common Stock or for other securities of the Company, instrument of assignment or transfer, power of attorney, endorsement, affidavit, letter, notice, direction, consent, certificate, statement, or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to be signed and executed, by the proper Person -35- or Persons, and where necessary, verified or acknowledged, or otherwise upon the advice of counsel as set forth in Section 20 hereof. SECTION 19. MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION OR CHANGE OF NAME OF RIGHTS AGENT. (a) Any corporation into which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate trust or shareholder services business of the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent, shall be the successor to the Rights Agent under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; provided, however, that such corporation would be eligible for appointment as a successor Rights Agent under the provisions of Section 21 hereof. In case at the time such successor Rights Agent shall succeed to the agency created by this Agreement, any of the Rights Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature of a predecessor Rights Agent and deliver such Rights Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Rights Certificates shall not have been countersigned, any successor Rights Agent may countersign such Rights Certificates either in the name of the predecessor or in the name of the successor Rights Agent; and in all such cases such Rights Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Rights Certificates and in this Agreement. (b) In case at any time the name of the Rights Agent shall be changed and at such time any of the Rights Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature under its prior name and deliver Rights Certificates so countersigned; and in case at that time any of the Rights Certificates shall not have been countersigned, the Rights Agent may countersign such Rights Certificates either in its prior name or in its changed name; and in all such cases such Rights Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Rights Certificates and in this Agreement. SECTION 20. DUTIES OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Rights Agent undertakes the duties and obligations expressly imposed by this Agreement, and no implied duties or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Rights Agent, upon the following terms and conditions, by all of which the Company and the holders -36- of Rights Certificates, by their acceptance thereof, shall be bound: (a) The Rights Agent may consult with legal counsel of its selection (who may be legal counsel for the Company), and the opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action taken or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion. (b) Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter (including, without limitation, the identity of any Acquiring Person and the determination of "Current Market Price") be proved or established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Senior Vice President, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Rights Agent; and such certificate shall be full authorization to the Rights Agent for any action taken or suffered in good faith by it under the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate. (c) The Rights Agent shall be liable hereunder only for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. (d) The Rights Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the Rights Certificates or be required to verify the same (except as to its countersignature on such Rights Certificates), but all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the Company only. (e) The Rights Agent shall not be under any responsibility in respect of the validity of this Agreement or the execution and delivery hereof (except the due execution hereof by the Rights Agent) or in respect of the validity or execution of any Rights Certificate (except its countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Rights Certificate; nor shall it be responsible for any change in the exercisability of the Rights (including the Rights becoming void pursuant to Section 7(e) hereof); nor shall it be responsible for any adjustment required under the provisions of Section 11 or Section 13 hereof or responsible for the manner, method or amount of any such adjustment or the ascertaining of the existence of -37- facts that would require any such adjustment (except with respect to the exercise of Rights evidenced by Rights Certificates after actual notice of any such adjustment); nor shall it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock to be issued pursuant to this Agreement or any Rights Certificate or as to whether any shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock will, when so issued, be validly authorized and issued, fully paid and nonassessable. (f) The Company agrees that it will perform, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged and delivered all such further and other acts, instruments and assurances as may reasonably be required by the Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by the Rights Agent of the provisions of this Agreement. (g) The Rights Agent is hereby authorized and directed to accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from the Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Senior Vice President, the Secretary of the Company, and to apply to such officers for advice or instructions in connection with its duties, and it shall not be liable for any action taken or suffered to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with instructions of any such officer or for any delay in acting while waiting for those instructions. (h) The Rights Agent and any stockholder, director, officer or employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Rights or other securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend money to the Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not Rights Agent under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude the Rights Agent from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other legal entity. (i) The Rights Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself or by or through its attorneys or agents, and the Rights Agent shall not be answerable or accountable for any act, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or agents or for any loss to the Company resulting from any such act, default, neglect or misconduct; provided, however, reasonable care was exercised in the selection thereof. (j) No provision of this Agreement shall require the Rights Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any -38- financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of its rights if there shall be reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnification against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. (k) If, with respect to any Rights Certificate surrendered to the Rights Agent for exercise or transfer, the certificate attached to the form of assignment or form of election to purchase, as the case may be, has either not been completed or indicates an affirmative response to clause 1 and/or 2 thereof, the Rights Agent shall not take any further action with respect to such requested exercise or transfer without first consulting with the Company. (l) The Company agrees to give the Rights Agent prompt written notice of any event or ownership which would prohibit the exercise or transfer of the Rights Certificate. SECTION 21. CHANGE OF RIGHTS AGENT. The Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties under this Agreement upon 30 days' notice in writing mailed to the Company. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent upon 30 days' notice in writing, mailed to the Rights Agent or successor Rights Agent, as the case may be, and to each transfer agent of the Common Stock and Preferred Stock, by registered or certified mail, and to the holders of the Rights Certificates by first-class mail. If the Rights Agent shall resign or be removed or shall otherwise become incapable of acting, the Company shall appoint a successor to the Rights Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of 30 days after giving notice of such removal or after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the resigning or incapacitated Rights Agent or by the holder of a Rights Certificate (who shall, with such notice, submit his Rights Certificate for inspection by the Company), then the Company shall become the Rights Agent until a successor Rights Agent has been appointed, and the Rights Agent or any registered holder of any Rights Certificate may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a new Rights Agent. Any successor Rights Agent, whether appointed by the Company or by such a court, shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of any state of the United States, in good standing, which is authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust or shareholder services powers and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and which has at the time of its appointment as Rights Agent a combined capital and surplus of at -39- least $100,000,000. After appointment, the successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the same powers, rights, duties and responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Rights Agent without further act or deed; but the predecessor Rights Agent shall deliver and transfer to the successor Rights Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder, and execute and deliver any further assurance, conveyance, act or deed necessary for the purpose. Not later than the effective date of any such appointment, the Company shall file notice thereof in writing with the predecessor Rights Agent and each transfer agent of the Common Stock and the Preferred Stock, and mail a notice thereof in writing to the registered holders of the Rights Certificates. Failure to give any notice provided for in this Section 21, however, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of the resignation or removal of the Rights Agent or the appointment of the successor Rights Agent, as the case may be. SECTION 22. ISSUANCE OF NEW RIGHTS CERTIFICATES. Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement or of the Rights to the contrary, the Company may, at its option, subject to Section 4 hereof, issue new Rights Certificates evidencing Rights in such form as may be approved by its Board of Directors to reflect any adjustment or change in the Purchase Price and the number or kind or class of shares or other securities or property purchasable under the Rights Certificates made in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. SECTION 23. REDEMPTION AND TERMINATION. (a) The Company may, by a resolution of its Board of Directors, at its option, at any time prior to the earlier of (i) the close of business on the tenth day following the Stock Acquisition Date or (ii) the Final Expiration Date, redeem all but not less than all the then outstanding Rights at a redemption price of $.0001 per Right, as such amount may be appropriately adjusted to reflect any stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction occurring after the date hereof (such redemption price being hereinafter referred to as the "Redemption Price"). Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Rights shall not be exercisable after the first occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event until such time as the Company's right of redemption hereunder has expired. The Company may, at its option, pay the Redemption Price in cash, shares of Common Stock (based on the Current Market Price of the Common Stock at the time of redemption) or any other form of consideration deemed appropriate by the Board of Directors. -40- (b) Immediately upon the action of the Board of Directors of the Company ordering the redemption of the Rights, evidence of which shall have been filed with the Rights Agent and without any further action and without any notice, the right to exercise the Rights will terminate and the only right thereafter of the holders of Rights shall be to receive the Redemption Price for each Right so held. Promptly after the action of the Board of Directors ordering the redemption of the Rights, the Company shall give notice of such redemption to the Rights Agent and the holders of the then outstanding Rights by mailing such notice to all such holders at each holder's last address as it appears upon the registry books of the Rights Agent or, prior to the Distribution Date, on the registry books of the Transfer Agent for the Common Stock. Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice of redemption will state the method by which the payment of the Redemption Price will be made. SECTION 24. NOTICE OF CERTAIN EVENTS. (a) In case the Company shall propose, at any time after the Distribution Date, (i) to pay any dividend payable in stock of any class to the holders of Preferred Stock or to make any other distribution to the holders of Preferred Stock (other than a regular quarterly cash dividend out of earnings or retained earnings of the Company), or (ii) to offer to the holders of Preferred Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or to purchase any additional shares of Preferred Stock or shares of stock of any class or any other securities, rights or options, or (iii) to effect any reclassification of its Preferred Stock (other than a reclassification involving only the subdivision of outstanding shares of Preferred Stock), or (iv) to effect any consolidation or merger into or with any other Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company in a transaction which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), or to effect any sale or other transfer (or to permit one or more of its Subsidiaries to effect any sale or other transfer), in one transaction or a series of related transactions, of more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taken as a whole) to any other Person or Persons (other than the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries in one or more transactions each of which complies with Section 11(o) hereof), or (v) to effect the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, then, in each such case, the Company shall give to each holder of a Rights Certificate and to the Rights Agent, to the extent feasible and in accordance with Section 25 hereof, a notice of such proposed action, which shall specify the record date for the purposes of -41- such stock dividend, distribution of rights or warrants, or the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, liquidation, dissolution, or winding up is to take place and the date of participation therein by the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock, if any such date is to be fixed, and such notice shall be so given in the case of any action covered by clause (i) or (ii) above at least 20 days prior to the record date for determining holders of the shares of Preferred Stock for purposes of such action, and in the case of any such other action, at least 20 days prior to the date of the taking of such proposed action or the date of participation therein by the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock whichever shall be the earlier. (b) In the event that a Section 11(a)(ii) Event shall occur, then (i) the Company shall as soon as practicable thereafter give to each holder of a Rights Certificate and to the Rights Agent, to the extent feasible and in accordance with Section 25 hereof, a notice of the occurrence of such event, which shall specify the event and the consequences of the event to holders of Rights under Section 11(a)(ii) hereof, and (ii) all references in the preceding paragraph to Preferred Stock shall be deemed thereafter to refer to Common Stock and/or, if appropriate, other securities. SECTION 25. NOTICES. Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Rights Certificate to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing with the Rights Agent) as follows: Loral Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, NY 10016 Attention: Secretary Subject to the provisions of Section 21, any notice or demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or by the holder of any Rights Certificate to or on the Rights Agent shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing with the Company) as follows: The Bank of New York 101 Barclay Street, Floor 12W New York, NY 10286 Attention: Stock Transfer Administration -42- Notices or demands authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Company or the Rights Agent to the holder of any Rights Certificate (or, if prior to the Distribution Date, to the holder of certificates representing shares of Common Stock) shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first- class mail, postage prepaid, addressed to such holder at the address of such holder as shown on the registry books of the Company. SECTION 26. SUPPLEMENTS AND AMENDMENTS. Prior to the Distribution Date and subject to the penultimate sentence of this Section 26, the Company may by resolution of its Board of Directors, and the Rights Agent shall if the Company so directs, supplement or amend any provision of this Agreement without the approval of any holders of certificates representing shares of Common Stock. From and after the Distribution Date and subject to the penultimate sentence of this Section 26, the Company may by resolution of its Board of Directors, and the Rights Agent shall if the Company so directs, supplement or amend this Agreement without the approval of any holders of Rights Certificates in order (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision contained herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions herein, (iii) to shorten or lengthen any time period hereunder, or (iv) to change or supplement the provisions hereunder in any manner which the Company may deem necessary or desirable and which, in the case of this clause (iv), shall not adversely affect the interests of the holders of Rights Certificates (other than an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person); provided, however, that this Agreement may not be supplemented or amended to lengthen, pursuant to clause (iii) of this sentence, (A) a time period relating to when the Rights may be redeemed at such time as the Rights are not then redeemable, or (B) any other time period unless such lengthening is for the purpose of protecting, enhancing or clarifying the rights of, and/or the benefits to, the holders of Rights. Upon the delivery of a certificate from an appropriate officer of the Company which states that the proposed supplement or amendment is in compliance with the terms of this Section 26, the Rights Agent shall execute such supplement or amendment. Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, the Rights Agent's consent must be obtained regarding any amendment or supplement pursuant to this Section 26 which alters the Rights Agent's rights or duties. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, no supplement or amendment shall be made which changes the Redemption Price, the Final Expiration Date, the Purchase Price or the number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock for which a Right is exercisable. Prior to the -43- Distribution Date, the interests of the holders of Rights shall be deemed coincident with the interests of the holders of Common Stock. SECTION 27. SUCCESSORS. All the covenants and provisions of this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Rights Agent shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns hereunder. SECTION 28. DETERMINATIONS AND ACTIONS BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, ETC. For all purposes of this Agreement, any calculation of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at any particular time, including for purposes of determining the particular percentage of such outstanding shares of Common Stock of which any Person is the Beneficial Owner, shall be made in accordance with the last sentence of Rule 13d-3(d)(1)(i) of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act. The Board of Directors of the Company shall have the exclusive power and authority to administer this Agreement and to exercise all rights and powers specifically granted to the Board or to the Company, or as may be necessary or advisable in the administration of this Agreement, including, without limitation, the right and power to (i) interpret the provisions of this Agreement, and (ii) make all determinations deemed necessary or advisable for the administration of this Agreement (including a determination to redeem or not redeem the Rights or to amend the Agreement). All such actions, calculations, interpretations and determinations (including, for purposes of clause (y) below, all omissions with respect to the foregoing) which are done or made by the Board of Directors in good faith, shall (x) be final, conclusive and binding on the Company, the Rights Agent, the holders of the Rights and all other parties, and (y) not subject the Board of Directors to any liability to the holders of the Rights. SECTION 29. BENEFITS OF THIS AGREEMENT. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, registered holders of the Common Stock) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement; but this Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company, the Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Rights Certificates (and, prior to the Distribution Date, registered holders of the Common Stock). SECTION 30. SEVERABILITY. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or other authority to be invalid, void or -44- unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated; provided, however, that notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any such term, provision, covenant or restriction is held by such court or authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable and the Board of Directors of the Company determines in its good faith judgment that severing the invalid language from this Agreement would adversely affect the purpose or effect of this Agreement, the right of redemption set forth in Section 23 hereof shall be reinstated and shall not expire until the close of business on the tenth day following the date of such determination by the Board of Directors. SECTION 31. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement, each Right and each Rights Certificate issued hereunder shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the State of New York and for all purposes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of such State applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such State. SECTION 32. COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. SECTION 33. DESCRIPTIVE HEADINGS. Descriptive headings of the several Sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof. -45- IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Rights Agreement to be duly executed and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed and attested, all as of the day and year first above written. LORAL CORPORATION By: /s/Eric J. Zahler ---------------------------------- Name: Eric J. Zahler Title: Vice President & General Counsel THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Rights Agent By: /s/Vincent J. Cahill Jr. ---------------------------------- Name: Vincent J. Cahill Jr. Title: Vice President Exhibit A --------- FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT OF THE RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF LORAL CORPORATION _________________________________ Under Section 805 of the New York Business Corporation Law _________________________________ Pursuant to the provisions of Section 805 of the Business Corporation Law, the undersigned hereby certify as follows: FIRST: The name of the corporation is LORAL CORPORATION. This corporation was originally formed under the name LORAL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION. SECOND: The Certificate of Incorporation of LORAL ELECTRONICS CORPORATION was filed by the Department of State on February 24, 1948. THIRD: The Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as heretofore amended, is further amended by the addition of the following provision stating the number, designations, relative rights, preferences and limitations of a series of Preferred Stock of the Corporation, designated as Series A Preferred Stock, as fixed by the Board of Directors of the Corporation pursuant to the authority vested in it by the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation: Terms of the Series A Preferred Stock: Section 1. Designation and Amount. The shares of such series shall be designated as "Series A Preferred Stock" and the number of shares constituting such series shall be 250,000. Section 2. Dividends and Distributions. (A) Subject to the rights of the holders of any shares of any series of Preferred Stock ranking on a parity with the shares of Series A Preferred Stock with respect to dividends, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available for the purpose, quarterly dividends payable in cash on the fifteenth day of January, April, July and October in each year (each such date being referred to herein as a "Quarterly Dividend Payment Date"), commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date after the first issuance of a share or fraction of a share of Series A Preferred Stock, in an amount per share (rounded to the nearest cent), subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth, equal to 1,000 times the aggregate per share amount of all cash dividends, and 1,000 times the aggregate per share amount (payable in kind) of all non-cash dividends or other distributions other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock or a subdivision of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise), declared on the Common Stock, par value $.25 per share, of the Corporation (the "Common Stock") since the immediately preceding Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, or, with respect to the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, since the first issuance of any share or fraction of a share of Series A Preferred Stock. In the event the Corporation shall at any time (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock, or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the amount to which holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to such event pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be adjusted by multiplying such amount by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event. (B) The Corporation shall declare a dividend or distribution on the Series A Preferred Stock as provided in paragraph (A) above immediately after it declares a dividend or distribution on the Common Stock (other than a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock). (C) Dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative on outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock from the Quarterly Dividend Payment Date next preceding the date of issue of such shares of Series A Preferred Stock, unless the date of issue of such shares is prior to the record date for the first Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in which case dividends on such shares shall begin to accrue from the date of issue of such shares, or unless the date of issue is a Quarterly Dividend Payment Date or is a date after the record date for the determination of holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock entitled to receive a quarterly dividend and before such Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, in either of which events such dividends shall begin to accrue and be cumulative from such Quarterly Dividend Payment Date. Accrued but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. Dividends paid on the shares of Series A-2 A Preferred Stock in an amount less than the total amount of such dividends at the time accrued and payable on such shares shall be allocated pro rata on a share-by-share basis among all such shares at the time outstanding. The Board of Directors may fix a record date for the determination of holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock entitled to receive payment of a dividend or distribution declared thereon, which record date shall be no more than 30 days prior to the date fixed for the payment thereof. Section 3. Voting Rights. The holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have the following voting rights: (A) Subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth, each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Corporation. In the event the Corporation shall at any time (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock, or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the number of votes per share to which holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to such event shall be adjusted by multiplying such number by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event. (B) Except as otherwise provided herein or by law, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the holders of shares of Common Stock shall vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders of the Corporation. (C) (i) If at any time dividends on any Series A Preferred Stock shall be in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly dividends thereon, the occurrence of such contingency shall mark the beginning of a period (herein called a "default period") which shall extend until such time when all accrued and unpaid dividends for all previous quarterly dividend periods and for the current quarterly dividend period on all shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding shall have been declared and paid or set apart for payment. During each default period, all holders of Preferred Stock (including holders of the Series A Preferred Stock) with dividends in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly dividends thereon, voting as a class, irrespective of series, shall have the right to elect two Directors. (ii) During any default period, such voting right of the holders of Series A Preferred Stock may be exercised initially at a special meeting called pursuant to subparagraph A-3 (iii) of this Section 3(C) or at any annual meeting of stockholders, and thereafter at annual meetings of stockholders, provided that neither such voting right nor the right of the holders of any other series of Preferred Stock, if any, to increase, in certain cases, the authorized number of Directors shall be exercised unless the holders of 10% in number of shares of Preferred Stock outstanding shall be present in person or by proxy. The absence of a quorum of the holders of Common Stock shall not affect the exercise by the holders of Preferred Stock of such voting right. At any meeting at which the holders of Preferred Stock shall exercise such voting right initially during an existing default period, they shall have the right, voting as a class, to elect Directors to fill such vacancies, if any, in the Board of Directors as may then exist up to two Directors or, if such right is exercised at an annual meeting, to elect two Directors. If the number which may be so elected at any special meeting does not amount to the required number, the holders of the Preferred Stock shall have the right to make such increase in the number of Directors as shall be necessary to permit the election by them of the required number. After the holders of the Preferred Stock shall have exercised their right to elect Directors in any default period and during the continuance of such period, the number of Directors shall not be increased or decreased except by vote of the holders of Preferred Stock as herein provided or pursuant to the rights of any equity securities ranking senior to or on a parity with the Series A Preferred Stock. (iii) Unless the holders of Preferred Stock shall, during an existing default period, have previously exercised their right to elect Directors, the Board of Directors may order, or any stockholder or stockholders owning in the aggregate not less than 10% of the total number of shares of Preferred Stock outstanding, irrespective of series, may request, the calling of a special meeting of the holders of Preferred Stock, which meeting shall thereupon be called by the Chairman of the Board of the Corporation. Notice of such meeting and of any annual meeting at which holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to vote pursuant to this paragraph (C)(iii) shall be given to each holder of record of Preferred Stock by mailing a copy of such notice to him at his last address as the same appears on the books of the Corporation. Such meeting shall be called for a time not earlier than 20 days and not later than 60 days after such order or request or in default of the calling of such meeting within 60 days after such order or request, such meeting may be called on similar notice by any stockholder or stockholders owning in the aggregate not less than 10% of the total number of shares of Preferred Stock outstanding. Notwithstanding the provisions of this paragraph (C)(iii), no such special meeting shall be called A-4 during the period within 60 days immediately preceding the date fixed for the next annual meeting of the stockholders. (iv) In any default period, the holders of Common Stock, and other classes of stock of the Corporation if applicable, shall continue to be entitled to elect the whole number of Directors until the holders of Preferred Stock shall have exercised their right to elect two Directors voting as a class, after the exercise of which right (x) the Directors so elected by the holders of Preferred Stock shall continue in office until their successors shall have been elected by such holders or until the expiration of the default period, and (y) any vacancy in the Board of Directors may (except as provided in paragraph (C)(ii) of this Section 3) be filled by vote of a majority of the remaining Directors theretofore elected by the holders of the class of stock which elected the Director whose office shall have become vacant. References in this paragraph (C) to Directors elected by the holders of a particular class of stock shall include Directors elected by such Directors to fill vacancies as provided in clause (y) of the foregoing sentence. (v) Immediately upon the expiration of a default period, (x) the right of the holders of Preferred Stock as a class to elect Directors shall cease, (y) the term of any Directors elected by the holders of Preferred Stock as a class shall terminate, and (z) the number of Directors shall be such number as may be provided for in the certificate of incorporation or by-laws irrespective of any increase made pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (C)(ii) of this Section 3 (such number being subject, however, to change thereafter in any manner provided by law or in the certificate of incorporation or by-laws). Any vacancies in the Board of Directors effected by the provisions of clauses (y) and (z) in the preceding sentence may be filled by a majority of the remaining Directors. (D) Except as set forth herein, holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall have no special voting rights and their consent shall not be required (except to the extent they are entitled to vote with holders of Common Stock as set forth herein) for taking any corporate action. Section 4. Certain Restrictions. (A) Whenever quarterly dividends or other dividends or distributions payable on the Series A Preferred Stock as provided in Section 2 are in arrears, thereafter and until all accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions, whether or not declared, on shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding shall have been paid in full, the Corporation shall not: A-5 (i) declare or pay dividends on, make any other distributions on, or redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series A Preferred Stock; (ii) declare or pay dividends on or make any other distributions on any shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series A Preferred Stock, except dividends paid ratably on the Series A Preferred Stock and all such parity stock on which dividends are payable or in arrears in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all such shares are then entitled; (iii) redeem or purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration shares of any stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series A Preferred Stock, provided that the Corporation may at any time redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire shares of any such parity stock in exchange for shares of any stock of the Corporation ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up) to the Series A Preferred Stock; (iv) purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of Series A Preferred Stock, or any shares of stock ranking on a parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, except in accordance with a purchase offer made in writing or by publication (as determined by the Board of Directors) to all holders of such shares upon such terms as the Board of Directors, after consideration of the respective annual dividend rates and other relative rights and preferences of the respective series and classes, shall determine in good faith will result in fair and equitable treatment among the respective series or classes. (B) The Corporation shall not permit any subsidiary of the Corporation to purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration any shares of stock of the Corporation unless the Corporation could, under paragraph (A) of this Section 4, purchase or otherwise acquire such shares at such time and in such manner. Section 5. Reacquired Shares. Any shares of Series A Preferred Stock purchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation in any manner whatsoever shall be retired and cancelled promptly after the acquisition thereof. All such shares shall upon their cancellation become authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock and may be reissued as part of A-6 a new series of Preferred Stock to be created by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors, subject to the conditions and restrictions on issuance set forth herein, in the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or in any other Certificate of Amendment creating a series of Preferred Stock or any similar stock or as otherwise required by law. Section 6. Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up. (A) Upon any liquidation (voluntary or otherwise), dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, no distribution shall be made to the holders of shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series A Preferred Stock unless, prior thereto, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have received $1 per share, plus an amount equal to accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared, to the date of such payment. Thereafter, the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive an aggregate amount per share, subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth, equal to 1,000 times the aggregate amount to be distributed per share to holders of shares of Common Stock. Following the payment of the foregoing, holders of Series A Preferred Stock and holders of shares of Common Stock shall receive their ratable and proportionate share of the remaining assets to be distributed. (B) In the event, however, that there are not sufficient assets available to permit payment in full of the Series A Preferred Stock liquidation preference and the liquidation preferences of all other series of Preferred Stock, if any, which rank on a parity with the Series A Preferred Stock, then such remaining assets shall be distributed ratably to the holders of such parity shares in proportion to their respective liquidation preferences. (C) In the event the Corporation shall at any time (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise), or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the aggregate amount to which holders of shares of the Series A Preferred Stock were entitled immediately prior to such event shall be adjusted by multiplying such amount by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event. Section 7. Consolidation, Merger, etc. In case the Corporation shall enter into any consolidation, merger, combination or other transaction in which the shares of Common A-7 Stock are exchanged for or changed into other stock or securities, cash and/or any other property, then in any such case each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall at the same time be similarly exchanged or changed in an amount per share (subject to the provision for adjustment hereinafter set forth) equal to 1,000 times the aggregate amount of stock, securities, cash and/or any other property (payable in kind), as the case may be, into which or for which each share of Common Stock is changed or exchanged. In the event the Corporation shall at any time (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Stock (by reclassification or otherwise), or (iii) combine the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the amount set forth in the preceding sentence with respect to the exchange or change of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be adjusted by multiplying such amount by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event and the denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to such event. Section 8. No Redemption. The shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall not be redeemable. Section 9. Ranking. The Series A Preferred Stock shall rank on a parity with all other series of the Corporation's Preferred Stock as to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets, unless the terms of any such series shall provide otherwise. Section 10. Amendment. The Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation shall not be amended in any manner which would materially alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the Series A Preferred Stock so as to affect them adversely without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority or more of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock voting separately as a class. Section 11. Fractional Shares. Series A Preferred Stock may be issued in fractions of a share which shall entitle the holder, in proportion to such holder's fractional shares, to exercise voting rights, receive dividends, participate in distributions and to have the benefit of all other rights of holders of Series A Preferred Stock. The foregoing amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, pursuant to the authority vested in it by its Restated Certificate of Incorporation, at a meeting of the Board duly held on the 7th day of January, 1996. A-8 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Certificate of Amendment has been executed on behalf of the Corporation by its Chairman of the Board and attested by its Secretary this ____ day of January, 1996. _______________________ Bernard L. Schwartz Chairman of the Board Attest: - -------------------------- Michael B. Targoff Secretary A-9 Exhibit B --------- FORM OF RIGHTS CERTIFICATE Certificate No. R- _______ Rights NOT EXERCISABLE AFTER JANUARY 22, 2006 OR EARLIER IF REDEEMED BY THE COMPANY. THE RIGHTS ARE SUBJECT TO REDEMPTION, AT THE OPTION OF THE COMPANY, AT $.0001 PER RIGHT ON THE TERMS SET FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT. UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES, RIGHTS BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY AN ACQUIRING PERSON (AS SUCH TERM IS DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT) AND ANY SUBSEQUENT HOLDER OF SUCH RIGHTS MAY BECOME NULL AND VOID. [THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED BY THIS RIGHTS CERTIFICATE ARE OR WERE BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY A PERSON WHO WAS OR BECAME AN ACQUIRING PERSON OR AN AFFILIATE OR ASSOCIATE OF AN ACQUIRING PERSON (AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT). ACCORDINGLY, THIS RIGHTS CERTIFICATE AND THE RIGHTS REPRESENTED HEREBY MAY BECOME NULL AND VOID IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES SPECIFIED IN SECTION 7(e) OF SUCH AGREEMENT.]/*/ RIGHTS CERTIFICATE LORAL CORPORATION This certifies that _________________________, or registered assigns, is the registered owner of the number of Rights set forth above, each of which entitles the owner thereof, subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Rights Agreement, dated as of January 10, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement"), between Loral Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Company"), and The Bank of New York (the "Rights Agent"), to purchase from the Company at any time after the Distribution Date (as such term is defined in the Rights Agreement) and at any time prior to 5:00 P.M. (New York City time) on January 22, 2006 at the office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, or its successors as Rights Agent, one one-thousandth of a fully paid, nonassessable share of Series A Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Stock") of the Company, at a purchase price of $180 per one one-thousandth of a share (the "Purchase Price"), upon presentation and surrender of this Rights Certificate with the Form of Election to Purchase and related Certification duly executed. The number of Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate (and the number of one one- thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock which may be purchased upon exercise thereof) set - -------------------------- * The portion of the legend in brackets shall be inserted only if applicable and shall replace the preceding sentence. forth above, and the Purchase Price per share set forth above, are the number and Purchase Price as of January 8, 1996, based on the Preferred Stock as constituted at such date. As provided in the Rights Agreement, the Purchase Price and the number and kind of shares of Preferred Stock or other securities, which may be purchased upon the exercise of the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate are subject to modification and adjustment upon the happening of certain events. Upon the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event (as such term is defined in the Rights Agreement), if the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate are beneficially owned by (i) an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Acquiring Person (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement), (ii) a transferee of any such Acquiring Person, Affiliate or Associate, or (iii) under certain circumstances specified in the Rights Agreement, a transferee of a person who, after such transfer, became an Acquiring Person, or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person, such Rights shall become null and void and no holder hereof shall have any right with respect to such Rights from and after the occurrence of such Section 11(a)(ii) Event. This Rights Certificate is subject to all of the terms, provisions and conditions of the Rights Agreement, which terms, provisions and conditions are hereby incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof and to which Rights Agreement reference is hereby made for a full description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities hereunder of the Rights Agent, the Company and the holders of the Rights Certificates, which limitations of rights include the temporary suspension of the exercisability of such Rights under the specific circumstances set forth in the Rights Agreement. Copies of the Rights Agreement are on file at the above-mentioned office of the Rights Agent and are also available upon written request to the Rights Agent. This Rights Certificate, with or without other Rights Certificates, upon surrender at the principal office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for such purpose, may be exchanged for another Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates of like tenor and date evidencing Rights entitling the holder to purchase a like aggregate number of one one-thousandths of a share of Preferred Stock as the Rights evidenced by the Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates surrendered shall have entitled such holder to purchase. If this Rights Certificate shall be exercised in part, the holder shall be entitled to receive upon surrender hereof another Rights Certificate or Rights Certificates for the number of whole Rights not exercised. Subject to the provisions of the Rights Agreement, the Rights evidenced by this Certificate may be redeemed by the Company at its option at a redemption price of $.0001 per Right. B-2 No fractional shares of Preferred Stock will be issued upon the exercise of any Right or Rights evidenced hereby (other than fractions which are integral multiples of one one-thousandth of a share of Preferred Stock, which may, at the election of the Company, be evidenced by depositary receipts), but in lieu thereof a cash payment will be made, as provided in the Rights Agreement. No holder of this Rights Certificate shall be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of shares of Preferred Stock or of any other securities of the Company which may at any time be issuable on the exercise hereof, nor shall anything contained in the Rights Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof, as such, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote for the election of directors or upon any matter submitted to stockholders at any meeting thereof, or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting stockholders (except as provided in the Rights Agreement), or to receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, until the Right or Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate shall have been exercised as provided in the Rights Agreement. This Rights Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent. WITNESS the facsimile signature of the proper officers of the Company and its corporate seal. Dated as of January __, 1996 Attest: LORAL CORPORATION By:_____________________ By:_____________________ Name: Name: Title: Title: Countersigned: THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Rights Agent By:_________________________ Authorized Representative Date of Countersignature:_________ B-3 Form of Reverse Side of Rights Certificate FORM OF ASSIGNMENT ------------------ (To be executed by the registered holder if such holder desires to transfer the Rights Certificate.) FOR VALUE RECEIVED _______________________________ hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto ___________________ ____________________________________________________________ (Please print name and address of transferee) ____________________________________________________________ this Rights Certificate, together with all right, title and interest therein, and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint __________________ Attorney, to transfer the within Rights Certificate on the books of the within-named Company, with full power of substitution. Dated: __________ __, 199_ _________________________ Signature Signature Guaranteed: Signature must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company, broker, dealer, or other eligible institution which is a member in good standing of a medallion guaranty program approved by the Securities Transfer Association, Inc. B-4 Form of Reverse Side of Rights Certificate (continued) CERTIFICATION ------------- The undersigned hereby certifies by checking the appropriate boxes that: (1) this Rights Certificate [ ] is [ ] is not being sold, assigned and transferred by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Acquiring Person (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement); (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned, the undersigned [ ] did [ ] did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate from any Person who is, was or subsequently became an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person. Dated: __________ __, 199_ _________________________ Signature Signature Guaranteed: Signature must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company, broker, dealer, or other eligible institution which is a member in good standing of a medallion guaranty program approved by the Securities Transfer Association, Inc. NOTICE ------ The signature to the foregoing Assignment and Certification must correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Rights Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever. In the event the certification set forth above is not completed, the Company and the Rights Agent will deem the beneficial owner of the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate to be an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Rights Certificate) and such Assignment will not be honored. B-5 Form of Reverse Side of Rights Certificate (continued) FORM OF ELECTION TO PURCHASE ---------------------------- (To be executed if holder desires to exercise Rights represented by the Rights Certificate.) To Loral Corporation: The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise ___________ Rights represented by this Rights Certificate to purchase the shares of Preferred Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Rights (or such other securities of the Company or of any other person which may be issuable upon the exercise of the Rights) and requests that certificates for such shares be issued in the name of: Please insert social security or other identifying number:_________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ (Please print name and address) ________________________________________________________________________________ If such number of Rights shall not be all the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate, a new Rights Certificate for the balance of such Rights shall be registered in the name of and delivered to: Please insert social security or other identifying number:_________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ (Please print name and address) ________________________________________________________________________________ Dated: __________ __, 199_ _________________________ Signature Signature Guaranteed: Signature must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company, broker, dealer, or other eligible institution which is a member in good standing of a medallion guaranty program approved by the Securities Transfer Association, Inc. B-6 Form of Reverse Side of Rights Certificate (continued) CERTIFICATION ------------- The undersigned hereby certifies by checking the appropriate boxes that: (1) the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate [ ] are [ ] are not being exercised by or on behalf of a Person who is or was an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of any such Acquiring Person (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement); (2) after due inquiry and to the best knowledge of the undersigned, the undersigned [ ] did [ ] did not acquire the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate from any Person who is, was or became an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person. Dated: __________ __, 199_ __________________________ Signature Signature Guaranteed: Signature must be guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company, broker, dealer, or other eligible institution which is a member in good standing of a medallion guaranty program approved by the Securities Transfer Association, Inc. NOTICE ------ The signature to the foregoing Election to Purchase and Certification must correspond to the name as written upon the face of this Rights Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever. In the event the certification set forth above is not completed, the Company and the Rights Agent will deem the beneficial owner of the Rights evidenced by this Rights Certificate to be an Acquiring Person or an Affiliate or Associate thereof (as defined in the Rights Certificate) and such Election to Purchase will not be honored. B-7 Exhibit C --------- SUMMARY OF RIGHTS TO PURCHASE PREFERRED STOCK On January 7, 1996, the Board of Directors of Wings (the "Company") declared a dividend distribution of one Right for each outstanding share of the Company's common stock, par value $.25 per share (the "Common Stock"), payable to stockholders of record at the close of business on January 22, 1996 (the "Record Date") and with respect to the Common Stock issued thereafter until the Distribution Date (as defined below) and, in certain circumstances, with respect to the Common Stock issued after the Distribution Date. Except as set forth below, each Right, when it becomes exercisable, entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company a unit consisting initially of one one-thousandth of a share (a "Unit") of Series A Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share (the "Preferred Stock"), of the Company, at a Purchase Price of $180 per Unit, subject to adjustment (the "Purchase Price"). The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in a Rights Agreement (the "Rights Agreement"), dated as of January 10, 1996, between the Company and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent. Initially, the Rights were and are attached to all certificates representing shares of Common Stock then outstanding, and no separate certificates evidencing the Rights (the "Rights Certificates") were or have been distributed. The Rights will separate from the Common Stock and a "Distribution Date" will occur upon the earlier of (i) ten days (or such later date as the Board of Directors shall determine) following public disclosure that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons has become an "Acquiring Person" (as defined below), or (ii) ten business days (or such later date as the Board shall determine) following the commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer that would result in a person or group becoming an "Acquiring Person". Except as set forth below, an "Acquiring Person" is a person or group of affiliated or associated persons who has acquired beneficial ownership of 20% or more of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. The term "Acquiring Person" excludes (i) the Company, (ii) any subsidiary of the Company, (iii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company, or (iv) any person or entity organized, appointed or established by the Company for or pursuant to the terms of any such plan. Until the occurrence of the Distribution Date, (i) the Rights will be evidenced by the Common Stock certificates and will be transferred with and only with such Common Stock certificates, (ii) new Common Stock certificates issued after the Record Date will contain a notation incorporating the Rights Agreement by reference, and (iii) the surrender for transfer of any certificates for Common Stock outstanding will also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with the Common Stock represented by such certificate. Pursuant to the Rights Agreement, the Company reserves the right to require prior to the occurrence of a Triggering Event (as defined below) that, upon any exercise of Rights, a number of Rights be exercised so that only whole shares of Preferred Stock will be issued. As soon as practicable after the occurrence of the Distribution Date, Rights Certificates will be mailed to holders of record of the Common Stock as of the close of business on the Distribution Date and, thereafter, the separate Rights Certificates alone will represent the Rights. Except in certain circumstances specified in the Rights Agreement or as otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, only shares of Common Stock issued prior to the Distribution Date will be issued with Rights. The Rights are not exercisable until the occurrence of the Distribution Date. The Rights will expire at the close of business on January 22, 2006, unless extended or earlier redeemed by the Company as described below. In the event that, at any time following the Distribution Date, a person becomes an Acquiring Person, each holder of a Right will thereafter have the right to receive, upon exercise of the Right, Common Stock (or, in certain circumstances, cash, property or other securities of the Company) having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Right. Notwithstanding the foregoing, following the occurrence of the event set forth in this paragraph, all Rights that are, or (under certain circumstances specified in the Rights Agreement) were, beneficially owned by any Acquiring Person will be null and void and nontransferable and any holder of any such right (including any purported transferee or subsequent holder) will be unable to exercise or transfer any such right. For example, at an exercise price of $200 per Right, each Right not owned by an Acquiring Person (or by certain related parties) following an event set forth in this paragraph would entitle its holder to purchase $400 worth of Common Stock (or other consideration, as noted above) for $200. Assuming that the Common Stock had a per share value of $40 at such time, the holder of each valid Right would be entitled to purchase ten shares of Common Stock for $200. In the event that, at any time following the date on which there has been public disclosure that, or of facts indicating that, a person has become an Acquiring Person (the "Stock Acquisition Date"), (i) the Company is acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction in which the Company is not the surviving corporation (other than a merger which follows an offer described in the preceding paragraph), or (ii) 50% or more of the Company's assets or earning power is sold, mortgaged or transferred, each holder of a Right (except Rights which previously have been voided as set forth above) shall thereafter C-2 have the right to receive, upon exercise, common stock of the acquiring company having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Right. The events set forth in this paragraph and in the preceding paragraph are referred to as the "Triggering Events." The Purchase Price payable, and the number of Units of Preferred Stock or other securities or property issuable, upon exercise of the Rights are subject to adjustment from time to time to prevent dilution (i) in the event of a stock dividend on, or a subdivision, combination or reclassification of, the Preferred Stock, (ii) if holders of the Preferred Stock are granted certain rights or warrants to subscribe for Preferred Stock or convertible securities at less than the current market price of the Preferred Stock, or (iii) upon the distribution to holders of the Preferred Stock of evidences of indebtedness or assets (excluding regular quarterly cash dividends) or of subscription rights or warrants (other than those referred to above). With certain exceptions, no adjustment in the Purchase Price will be required until cumulative adjustments amount to at least 1% of the Purchase Price. No fractional Units will be issued and, in lieu thereof, an adjustment in cash will be made based on the market price of the Preferred Stock on the last trading date prior to the date of exercise. Because of the nature of the Preferred Stock's dividend and liquidation rights, the value of the one one-thousandth interest in a share of Preferred Stock purchasable upon exercise of each Right should approximate the value of one share of Common Stock. Shares of Preferred Stock purchasable upon exercise of the Rights will not be redeemable. Each share of Preferred Stock will be entitled to a quarterly dividend payment of 1,000 times the dividend declared per share of Common Stock. In the event of liquidation, each share of Preferred Stock will be entitled to a $1 preference, and thereafter the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock will be entitled to an aggregate payment of 1,000 times the aggregate payment made per share of Common Stock. Each share of Preferred Stock will have one vote, voting together with the shares of Common Stock. These rights are protected by customary antidilution provisions. At any time until ten days following the Stock Acquisition Date, the Company may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price (the "Redemption Price") of $.0001 per Right (payable in cash, Common Stock or other consideration deemed appropriate by the Board of Directors) by resolution of the Board of Directors. The redemption of the Rights may be made effective at such time, on such basis, and with such conditions as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion may establish. Immediately upon such action of the Board of Directors ordering redemption of the Rights, the Rights will terminate and the only C-3 right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price. Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, will have no rights as a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends. While the distribution of the Rights will not be taxable to stockholders or to the Company, stockholders may, depending upon the circumstances, recognize taxable income in the event that the Rights become exercisable for Common Stock (or other consideration) of the Company or for common stock of the acquiring company as set forth above. Other than those provisions relating to the principal economic terms of the Rights, any of the provisions of the Rights Agreement may be amended by resolution of the Company's Board of Directors. After the Distribution Date, the provisions of the Rights Agreement may be amended by resolution of the Company's Board of Directors in order to cure any ambiguity, to make changes which do not adversely affect the interests of holders of Rights (excluding the interests of any Acquiring Person or its affiliates or associates), or to shorten or lengthen any time period under the Rights Agreement; provided, however, that no amendment to adjust the time period governing redemption shall be made at such time as the Rights are not redeemable. A copy of the Rights Agreement has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an Exhibit to a Registration Statement on Form 8-A dated January ___, 1996. A copy of the Rights Agreement is available free of charge from the Company. This summary description of the Rights does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Rights Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference. January ___, 1996 C-4
EX-99.11 12 AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO RIGHTS AGREEMENT DTD 1/10/96 EXHIBIT 99.11 CONFORMED COPY AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO RIGHTS AGREEMENT Amendment, dated as of January 10, 1996 (this "Amendment"), to the Rights Agreement dated as of January 10, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement") between Loral Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Company"), and The Bank of New York, a New York banking corporation, as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent"). Capitalized terms which are not defined herein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Rights Agreement. W I T N E S S E T H: WHEREAS, the Company has entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 7, 1996 (as may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the "Merger Agreement") with Lockheed Martin Corporation, a Maryland corporation ("Parent"), and LAC Acquisition Corporation, a New York corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Purchaser"); WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company has determined that the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby are in the best interests of the stockholders of the Company; WHEREAS, the Merger Agreement requires the Company and the Rights Agent to enter into this Amendment; WHEREAS, as provided in Section 26 of the Rights Agreement, the interests of the holders of Rights thereunder are currently deemed to be coincident with the interests of the Company's stockholders; WHEREAS, in order to further clarify the provisions of the Rights Agreement and the relationship between the Parent, Purchaser and the Company and to further facilitate the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the Company (x) has determined that it is necessary and desirable to amend the Rights Agreement in the manner provided herein, and (y) shall execute and deliver to the Rights Agent the officer's certificate with respect to this Amendment provided for in Section 26 of the Rights Agreement; and WHEREAS, in connection with such proposed amendment to the Rights Agreement, the Company and the Rights Agent have agreed to amend the Rights Agreement in accordance with Section 26 thereof in the manner provided herein. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows: 1. Section 1(a) of the Rights Agreement is hereby modified and amended to insert the following sentence at the end of such Section: "Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, for so long as the Merger Agreement (as defined below) shall remain in full force and effect, neither the execution, delivery nor performance of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 7, 1996 (as may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the "Merger Agreement"), by and among the Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation, a Maryland corporation ("Parent"), and LAC Acquisition Corporation, a New York corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Purchaser"), nor the execution, delivery nor performance of the Distribution Agreement (as defined in the Merger Agreement), nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated pursuant to (x) the Merger Agreement (including, without limitation, the publication or other commencement of the Offer and the consummation of the Offer and the Merger (such capitalized terms, as defined in the Merger Agreement)) or (y) the Distribution Agreement (including, without limitation, the consummation of the Restructuring and the Distribution (such capitalized terms, as defined in the Distribution Agreement)), shall cause either the Parent or Purchaser or any of their respective Affiliates or Associates to become or to be deemed Acquiring Persons." 2. Section 1(r) of the Rights Agreement is hereby modified and amended to insert the following sentence at the end of such Section: "Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, for so long as the Merger Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, the term "Exempted Person" shall include Parent, Purchaser and each of their respective Affiliates and Associates, and neither the Parent, Purchaser nor any of their respective Affiliates or Associates shall be deemed Acquiring Persons." 3. Sections 1(gg), 1(ii) and 1(qq) of the Rights Agreement are each hereby modified and amended to insert the following sentence at the end of each such Section: "Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, for so long as the Merger Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, neither the execution, delivery nor performance of the Merger Agreement (as defined in Section 1(a) hereof (as amended)), nor the execution, delivery nor performance of the Distribution Agreement (as defined in the Merger Agreement), nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated pursuant to (x) the Merger Agreement (including, without limitation, the publication or other commencement of the Offer and the consummation of the Offer and the Merger (such capitalized terms, as defined in the Merger Agreement)) or (y) the Distribution Agreement (including, without limitation, the consummation of the Restructuring and the Distribution (such capitalized terms, as defined in the Distribution Agreement)), shall result in a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, a Section 13 Event or a Triggering Event. In addition, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, no acquisition of shares of Common Stock nor of any other securities of the Company (nor the acquisition of any rights to any of the foregoing) by the Parent, Purchaser or any of their respective Affiliates or Associates as contemplated by the terms of the Merger Agreement or the Distribution Agreement, shall result in a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, a Section 13 Event or a Triggering Event." 4. Section 3(a) of the Rights Agreement is hereby modified and amended to insert the following sentence at the end of such Section: "Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, for so long as the Merger Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, neither the execution, delivery nor performance of the Merger Agreement (as defined in Section l(a) hereof (as amended)), nor the execution, delivery nor performance of the Distribution Agreement (as defined in the Merger Agreement), nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated pursuant to (x) the Merger Agreement (including, without limitation, the publication or other commencement of the Offer and the consummation of the Offer and the Merger (such capitalized terms, as defined in the Merger Agreement)) or (y) the Distribution Agreement (including, without limitation, the consummation of the Restructuring and the Distribution (such capitalized terms, as defined in the Distribution Agreement)), shall cause either the occurrence of a Distribution Date or a Stock Acquisition Date or cause or require the distribution of any Rights Certificates to the record holders of shares of Common Stock. In addition, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, no acquisition of shares of Common Stock nor of any other securities of the Company (nor the acquisition of any rights to any of the foregoing) by the Parent, Purchaser or any of their respective Affiliates or Associates as contemplated by the terms of the Merger Agreement or the Distribution Agreement, shall cause either the occurrence of a Distribution Date or a Stock Acquisition Date or cause or require the distribution of any Rights Certificates to the record holders of shares of Common Stock." 5. This Amendment is irrevocable and shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the State of New York and for all purposes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of such State applicable to contracts to be made and performed entirely within such State. 6. Parent, Purchaser and their respective Affiliates and Associates shall be third party beneficiaries of this Amendment. 7. This Amendment may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. 8. In executing and delivering this Amendment, the Rights Agent shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities afforded to the Rights Agent under the terms and conditions of the Rights Agreement. This Amendment shall be effective as of the date first above stated, and for so long as the Merger Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, and except as set forth herein, the Rights Agreement, as amended hereby and as heretofore amended, shall remain in full force and effect and shall be otherwise unaffected hereby. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed as of the date and year first above written. By: /s/Eric J. Zahler ----------------- Name: Eric J. Zahler Title: Vice President & General Counsel THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Rights Agent By: /s/Vincent J. Cahill Jr. ------------------------ Name: Vincent J. Cahill Jr. Title: Vice President OFFICER'S CERTIFICATE Reference is hereby made to the Rights Agreement dated as of January 10, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement") between Loral Corporation, a New York corporation (the "Company") and The Bank of New York, a New York banking corporation, as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent"). The undersigned, in his capacity as an authorized officer of the Company, hereby certifies to the Rights Agent that the form of proposed amendment to the Rights Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto, is in compliance with the terms of Section 26 of the Rights Agreement. LORAL CORPORATION By: /s/Eric J. Zahler ---------------------------------- Name: Eric J. Zahler Title: Vice President & General Counsel EX-99.12 13 FORM OF STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT Exhibit 99.12 ------------- STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT dated as of _________, 1996 by and among LORAL CORPORATION, and LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT ---------------------- STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT, dated as of ________, 1996 (the "Agreement"), by and among Loral Corporation, a New York corporation ("Loral"), and Loral Space & Communications Corporation, a __________ corporation (the "Company"). Loral and those of its Affiliates who are transferees with respect to any of the Equity Securities (as defined below), are sometimes collectively referred to herein as the "Stockholders". RECITALS: -------- WHEREAS, the Company, Lockheed Martin Corporation, a Maryland corporation ("LMC"), Loral and certain subsidiaries of Loral entered into a Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement, dated as of January 7, 1996 (the "Restructuring Agreement"; all capitalized terms used in this Agreement but not otherwise defined herein, shall have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in the Restructuring Agreement), pursuant to which, after giving effect to the Restructuring and the Distribution, Loral acquired _______ shares of Series A Non-Voting Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the "Preferred Stock"); and WHEREAS, the Company and Loral desire to establish in this Agreement certain conditions with respect to the relationship between the Stockholders and the Company; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein and in the Restructuring Agreement, the parties hereto agree as follows: ARTICLE I STANDSTILL AND VOTING PROVISIONS Section 1.1. Restrictions on Certain Actions by the Stockholders. (a) During the Term (as defined in Article V below), each Stockholder will not, and will cause each of its Affiliates (such term, as used in this Agreement, as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act) not to, singly or as part of a partnership, limited partnership, syndicate or other group (as those terms are used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly: (i) acquire, offer to acquire, or agree to acquire, by purchase, gift or otherwise, any Equity Securities (as defined below in Section 1.1(c)), except pursuant to a stock split, stock dividend, rights offering, recapitalization, reclassification, merger, consolidation, corporate reorganization or similar transaction; provided that at any time in which the Stockholders hold, in the aggregate, less than twenty percent (20%) of the Total Voting Power, then the Stockholders may acquire Equity Securities so that the Stockholders hold, in the aggregate, up to twenty percent (20%) of the Total Voting Power; (ii) make, or in any way actively participate in, any "solicitation" of "proxies" to vote (as such terms are defined in Rule 14a- 1 under the Exchange Act), solicit any consent or communicate with or seek to advise or influence any third party with respect to the voting of any Equity Securities or become a "participant" in any "election contest" (as such terms are defined or used in Rule 14a-11 under the Exchange Act), in each case with respect to the Company; (iii) form, join or encourage the formation of, any "person" within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act with respect to any Equity Securities; provided that this Section 1.1(a)(iii) shall not prohibit any such arrangement solely among the Stockholders and any of their respective Affiliates; 2 (iv) deposit any Equity Securities into a voting trust or subject any such Equity Securities to any arrangement or agreement with respect to the voting thereof; provided that this Section 1.1(a)(iv) shall -------- not prohibit any such arrangement solely among the Stockholders and any of their respective Affiliates; (v) initiate, propose or otherwise solicit stockholders for the approval of one or more stockholder proposals with respect to the Company as described in Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, or induce or attempt to induce any other third party to initiate any stockholder proposal; (vi) except as otherwise contemplated or permitted by this Agreement (including, without limitation, pursuant to Section 1.2 hereof), seek to place a representative on the Board of Directors of the Company or seek the removal of any member of the Board of Directors of the Company, except with the approval of the Board of Directors or management of the Company; (vii) except with the approval of the Board of Directors or management of the Company, call or seek to have called any meeting of the stockholders of the Company; (viii) except through its representatives on the Board of Directors (or any committee thereof) of the Company (if any) and except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement or the Restructuring Agreement (including the agreements and other documents referred to therein, including, without limitation, the Tax Sharing Agreement), otherwise act to seek to control the management or policies of the Company, except with the approval of the Board of Directors or management of the Company; (ix) sell or otherwise transfer in any manner any Equity Securities to any "person" (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) who, immediately following such sale or transfer, would, to the best of the Stockholder's knowledge, own more than four percent (4%) of any class of Equity Securities or who, without the approval of 3 the Board of Directors of the Company, (A) has publicly proposed a business combination or similar transaction with, or a change of control of, the Company or who has publicly proposed a tender offer for Equity Securities or (B) who has discussed with Loral or any of its respective Affiliates the possibility of proposing a business combination or similar transaction with, or a change in control of, the Company; (x) sell or otherwise transfer in any manner to any person (as defined in clause (ix) above) in any single transaction or series of related transactions more than 2% of the outstanding Equity Securities; (xi) solicit, seek to effect, negotiate with or provide any information to any other party with respect to, or make any statement or proposal, whether written or oral, to the Board of Directors of the Company or any director or officer of the Company or otherwise make any public announcement or proposal whatsoever with respect to, any form of business combination transaction involving the Company, including, without limitation, a merger, exchange offer or liquidation of the Company's assets, or any corporate reorganization or similar transaction with respect to the Company, except in each case with the approval of the Board of Directors or management of the Company; or (xii) instigate or encourage any third party to do any of the foregoing. Notwithstanding clauses (ix) and (x) above, the Stockholders may effect any transaction contemplated by Article III hereof. (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 1.1, nothing herein shall apply with respect to any Equity Securities acquired from any person other than a Stockholder (x) held by any pension, retirement or other benefit plan managed by any Stockholder or any of its subsidiaries or other Affiliates or (y) held in any account managed for the benefit of another person, by any subsidiary or other Affiliate of any of the Stockholders which is engaged in the financial services business. In 4 addition, notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 1.1, nothing herein shall prohibit or restrict any transfer of Equity Securities to or among any of the subsidiaries or other Affiliates of any of the Stockholders (provided that such subsidiary or Affiliate agrees to be bound to the provisions of this Agreement, upon which such subsidiary or Affiliate shall be entitled to all rights and benefits, and shall be subject to all obligations, of a Stockholder under this Agreement). (c) For the purposes of this Agreement, (i) the term "Equity Securities" shall mean the Preferred Stock and any securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of the Company, or any direct or indirect rights or options to acquire any such securities or any securities convertible or exercisable into or exchangeable for such securities (provided that, in the event that the Guaranty Warrants (as defined below) become warrants to acquire Equity Securities, such Guaranty Warrants and any securities issued pursuant to the exercise of such Guaranty Warrants, shall not (so long, in each case, as they are held by the Stockholder) constitute Equity Securities for purposes of determining the appropriate number of shares of Common Equity Securities which Loral is entitled to acquire hereunder, including in connection with the determination of the Target Percentage pursuant to Section 1.4(a) hereof), (ii) the term "Voting Power" shall mean the voting power in the general election of directors of the Company, (iii) the term "Total Voting Power" shall mean the total combined Voting Power of all the Equity Securities then outstanding, including, without limitation, the Preferred Stock, and, insofar as the Preferred Stock is concerned, it is deemed to have Voting Power equal to that of the Common Stock into which it is convertible, (iv) the term "Change of Control" shall mean the occurrence of any of the following events: (A) any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) is or becomes the beneficial owner of Equity Securities which represent at least forty percent (40%) of the Total Voting Power, or (B) during any one-year period, individuals who at the beginning of such period constituted the Board of Directors of the Company (together with any new directors whose election by such Board of Directors or whose nomination for election by the shareholders of the Company was approved by a vote of a majority of the directors of the Company then still in office who were 5 either directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company then in office, (v) the term "beneficial owner", and terms having similar import, shall mean any direct or indirect "beneficial owner", as such term is defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, and (vi) the term "Guaranty Warrants" shall mean those warrants which accrue to the benefit of the Company in connection with the Globalstar Bank Guarantee, as described in the Globalstar Warrant Memorandum. Section 1.2. HSR Clearance. (a) At any time after the date hereof (but subject to the provisions of Section 1.2(b) below), following a written request by Loral to the Company (such request, the "HSR Notice"), the Company and the Stockholders will (i) take promptly all actions necessary to make the filings required of the Stockholders, the Company or any of their respective Affiliates under the HSR Act (as defined in the Merger Agreement) with respect to the right to convert Preferred Stock and continue to own the securities so received, the ownership and voting of Equity Securities by the Stockholders, any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other similar matters (all such exercise, ownership, voting, transaction and other similar matters, the "Filing Matters"), (ii) comply at the earliest practicable date with any request for additional information or documentary material received by the Company or the Stockholders or any of their Affiliates from any of the Federal Trade Commission, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, state attorneys general, the Commission, or other governmental or regulatory authorities (all such authorities, the "Antitrust Authorities"), and (iii) cooperate with each other in connection with any of the filings referred to in clause (i) above and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry commenced by any of the Antitrust Authorities. To the extent reasonably requested by Loral, the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to resolve such objections, if any, as may be asserted with respect to the Filing Matters. If any administrative, judicial or legislative action or proceeding is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) 6 challenging any aspect of the Filing Matters as violative of any Antitrust Law, each of the Stockholders and the Company shall cooperate with each other to contest and resist any such action or proceeding, and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent) that is in effect and that restricts, prevents or prohibits the exercise by the Stockholders of the right to convert Preferred Stock and continue to own the securities so received, or the exercise by Loral of its rights with respect to the ownership and voting of Equity Securities or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (any such decree, judgment, injunction or other order is hereafter referred to as an "Order"), including, without limitation, by pursuing all reasonable avenues of administrative and judicial appeal, provided that nothing contained in this Section 1.2(a) shall be construed to require any party hereto to hold separate or divest any of their respective assets or businesses or agree to any substantive restriction thereon or on the conduct thereof. Each of the Company and Loral shall promptly inform the other party of any material communication received by such party from any Antitrust Authority regarding any of the Filing Matters or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term "HSR Clearance Date" shall mean the first date on which (x) any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act with respect to the Filing Matters shall have expired or been terminated, (y) there shall not be pending any Action commenced by any Antitrust Authority relating to any of the Filing Matters or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby, and (z) there shall not be in effect any Order. (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 1.2(a) above, in the event that Loral delivers the HSR Notice to the Company, the Company shall be entitled to postpone for a reasonable period of time (but in no event later than 45 days), any filing referred to in Section 1.2(a)(i) above if the Company determines in its reasonable judgment and in good faith that such filing would delay the obtaining of any approval from an Antitrust Authority with respect to any announced or imminent material acquisition or disposition which would require a filing by the Company under the HSR Act. In the event of such postponement, Loral shall have the right to withdraw 7 its HSR Notice and may deliver any such HSR Notice at any time thereafter. Section 1.3. Voting. (a) General Voting Provisions. Subject to the provisions of Section 1.3(b) below, prior to the HSR Clearance Date, no Stockholder shall have the right to convert Preferred Stock into common stock or the right to vote any Equity Securities with respect to the election of directors of the Company or on any other matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Company (other than those matters set forth in Section 1.3(b) below). Following the HSR Clearance Date, each Stockholder shall have the right to vote its Equity Securities to the extent permitted by the terms thereof on any matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Company (including, without limitation, those matters set forth in Section 1.3(b) below); provided that following the HSR Clearance Date any Stockholder shall have the right to vote any Equity Securities to the extent permitted by the terms thereof with respect to the election of directors of the Company only (i) as recommended by the Board of Directors or management of the Company or (ii) in the same proportions as the holders of Equity Securities (other than Stockholders) vote their Securities. On each matter with respect to which a Stockholder is entitled to vote pursuant to this Section 1.3, each such Stockholder shall be present, in person or represented by proxy, at all such stockholder meetings of the Company so that all Equity Securities beneficially owned by it shall be counted for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum at such meetings. For purposes of this Section 1.3, all references to the term "vote" shall include the execution and delivery of any written consent with respect to the taking of any stockholder action in lieu of a meeting of stockholders. (b) Exceptions to General Voting Provisions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, each Stockholder shall have the right to vote freely, in any manner in which they determine, with respect to any of the following matters: (i) any amendment to or modification or repeal of any provision of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation including any of the provisions of 8 any certificate of designation or By-laws (or similar organizational documents); (ii) any merger, consolidation, corporate reorganization or similar transaction involving the Company; (iii) any sale, lease, exchange, transfer or other disposition, directly or indirectly, in a single transaction or series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (iv) any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company or any assignment by the Company for the benefit of creditors, or any filing by the Company of a petition in bankruptcy; or (v) any restructuring, extension, modification, substitution, refinancing or amendment of any indebtedness of the Company. (c) Company Call. If, within one year following the date hereof, the Stockholders vote against any Call Event Triggering Transaction (as defined below), the Company shall have the right, for 10 days following the date on which such vote is held, to purchase, and the Stockholders shall be required to sell to the Company, all, but not less than all, of the Equity Securities held by the Stockholders at a per share cash price equal to the Call Event Trigger Price (as defined below). The Company may exercise such right by delivering to each Stockholder, within such 10-day period, a written notice stating that the Company has irrevocably agreed to purchase in cash all (but not less than all) of the Equity Securities held by the Stockholders at the Call Event Trigger Price upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 1.3(c). The closing with respect to the purchase of Equity Securities by the Company pursuant to this Section 1.3(c) shall be on a mutually determined closing date which shall not be more than 15 days after the date on which the Company's written notice referred to above is delivered to the Stockholders. The closing shall be held at 10:00 A.M., local time, at the principal office of the Company, or at such other time or place as the parties mutually agree. On such closing date, each 9 Stockholder shall deliver (i) certificates representing the shares of Equity Securities being sold, free and clear of any lien, claim or encumbrance, and (ii) such instruments of transfer and evidence of ownership and authority as the Company may reasonably request. The purchase price shall be paid by the Company to each Stockholder by wire transfer of immediately available funds no later than 2:00 P.M. on the closing date to the account(s) designated by the Stockholders prior to such closing date. For purposes of this Section 1.3(c), (i) the term "Call Event Triggering Transaction" shall mean any transaction described in Sections 1.3(b)(ii) and 1.3(b)(iii) between the Company, on the one hand, and any Spinco Company (or any other Subsidiary of either the Company or a Spinco Company), on the other; provided that the term "Call Event Triggering Transaction" shall not include any transaction involving any party which is not a Spinco Company (or any other Subsidiary of either the Company or a Spinco Company), (ii) the term "Call Event Trigger Price" shall mean the sum of (x) $344,000,000.00, plus (y) all amounts expended by the Stockholders following the date hereof in connection with the acquisition of Equity Securities other than acquisitions from another Stockholder following the date hereof, minus (z) any net sales proceeds received by the Stockholders following the date hereof in connection with the sale of Equity Securities (other than sales to another Stockholder) following the date hereof. Section 1.4. Loral Option. (a) General Provisions Relating to Loral Option. If, within one year following the date hereof, any Option Event Triggering Transaction (as defined below) occurs, Loral shall have the right, within 90 days after the consummation of the Option Event Triggering Transaction, to purchase, and the Company (for purposes of this Section 1.4, all references to the "Company" shall be deemed to include the Surviving Corporation (as defined below), shall be required to sell to Loral, a number of shares of Preferred Stock which would cause Loral to own Equity Securities with Voting Power equal to the Target Percentage (as defined below) of the Total Voting Power immediately after giving effect to the consummation of the Option Event Triggering Transaction, at a per share cash price equal to the Option Event Trigger Price (as defined below). Loral may exercise such right by deliv- 10 ering to the Company, within such 90-day period, a written notice stating that Loral (or any Subsidiary of Loral designated by Loral; for purposes of this Section 1.4, all references to "Loral" shall be deemed to include such designated Subsidiary) has irrevocably agreed to purchase in cash the number of shares of Preferred Stock specified in the preceding sentence, at the Option Event Trigger Price, upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 1.4. The closing with respect to the purchase of Preferred Stock by the Company pursuant to this Section 1.4 shall be on a mutually determined closing date which shall not be more than 15 days after the date on which Loral's written notice referred to above is delivered to the Company. The closing shall be held at 10:00 A.M., local time, at the principal office of the Company, or at such other time or place as the parties mutually agree. On such closing date, the Company shall issue to Loral certificates representing the shares of Preferred Stock being sold, which shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free and clear of any lien, claim or encumbrance. The purchase price shall be paid by Loral to the Company by wire transfer of immediately available funds no later than 2:00 P.M. on the closing date to the account designated in writing by the Company prior to such closing date. For purposes of this Section 1.4, (i) the term "Option Event Triggering Transaction" shall mean any transaction described in clauses (ii), (iii) or (iv) of Section 1.3(b) hereof, involving as parties, among others, the Company or any of its Affiliates (other than GTL and Globalstar), on the one hand, and either GTL or Globalstar or any of their respective Subsidiaries, on the other, (ii) the term "Option Event Trigger Price" shall mean a $6.00 per share cash purchase price, subject to adjustment pursuant to the provisions of Section 1.4(b) hereof, (iii) the term "Surviving Corporation" shall mean any successor to the rights and obligations of the Company as a result of or in connection with any Option Event Triggering Transaction, and (v) the term "Target Percentage" shall mean a percentage amount equal to the percentage of the Total Voting Power represented by the Equity Securities held by the Stockholders immediately prior to the closing of the Option Event Triggering Transaction; provided, however, that if there has occurred within the five days preceding such closing an event that diluted the Voting Power of the Equity Securities held by the Stockholders, the Target Percentage 11 shall be determined as of the date five days prior to the closing of such Option Event Triggering Transaction. (b) Adjustment of Loral Option Event Trigger Price. The Option Event Trigger Price shall be equitably adjusted from time to time after the date hereof to take into account of any of the following events: (i) if the Company shall pay a dividend or make any other distribution with respect to any Equity Securities which is payable in the form of Equity Securities or in the form of any other Asset (other than normal, periodic cash dividends of the Company), (ii) if the Company shall subdivide its outstanding common stock, (iii) if the Company shall combine its outstanding common stock into a smaller number of shares, (iv) if the Company shall issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the Common Stock (including any such reclassification in connection with a merger, consolidation or other business combination involving the Company), or (v) in any other similar transaction affecting the Company or the number or value of the outstanding Equity Securities. The parties acknowledge and agree that each such equitable adjustment shall preserve for Loral the economic benefits of the Loral option set forth in Section 1.4(a) above. Section 1.5. Globalstar Warrant Put Option. In the event of any of the following transactions (each such transaction, a "Warrant Trigger Event"): (i) any merger, consolidation, corporate reorganization or similar transaction involving Globalstar or GTL; (ii) any sale, lease, exchange, transfer or other disposition, directly or indirectly, of all or substantially all of the assets of Globalstar or GTL; or (iii) any liquidation or dissolution of Globalstar or GTL; in which it is proposed that the Globalstar Warrants be converted into cash or the right to receive cash, or any other interest (or the right to receive any other interest) in Globalstar other than common stock thereof the Stockholders shall have the right (the "Limited Warrant Put") to require the Company to purchase the Globalstar 12 Warrants for a price equal to their Option Privilege Value (as defined below). The Stockholders may exercise the Limited Warrant Put by delivering to the Company, at least 10 days prior to the scheduled closing of the Warrant Trigger Event, a notice to such effect accompanied by appropriate documentation or certificates evidencing the Globalstar Warrants. The Option Privilege Price shall be payable by the Company 10 days after the determination thereof. As used herein, the term "Option Privilege Price" means the greater of (x) the consideration payable in respect of the Globalstar Warrants in the Warrant Trigger Event and (y) the hypothetical fair market value that would be assigned to the Globalstar Warrants at the date of the Warrant Trigger Event assuming (1) that no Warrant Trigger Event were to occur then or at any time prior to the expiration of the Globalstar Warrants, (2) that the Globalstar Warrants would remain outstanding until such expiration in accordance with their terms, exercisable for shares of or interests in the issuer thereof, and (3) that such issuer would remain a public company during such period. The Option Privilege Price shall be determined by an investment banking firm of national standing selected by agreement of the Company and the Stockholders or, failing such agreement, by agreement of Bear Stearns Co. Inc. and Lehman Brothers. Such investment banking firm shall, in determining the Option Privilege Price, give full effect to (i) the spread between the exercise price and the fair market value of the securities into which the Globalstar Warrants are exercisable and (ii) the value of the "option privilege" in the Globalstar Warrants (that is, the value of the right, without risking any capital, to speculate on and benefit from appreciation in the underlying securities). ARTICLE II TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS 2.1. Certain Transactions. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, a Stockholder may without restriction: (i) assign, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, or otherwise encumber or transfer all or any of its 13 Equity Securities in connection with any bona fide financing arrangement entered into by such person or otherwise in connection with any indebtedness owed by such Stockholder; provided that in the event that the Stockholder in question defaults, the creditor's rights and obligations with respect to the voting and transfer of such Equity Securities and the registration thereof shall be the same as the Stockholder in question had under the provisions of this Agreement and the creditor in question shall be deemed to be a Stockholder under this Agreement for such purposes; (ii) transfer any Equity Securities to another Stockholder or any subsidiary or other Affiliate thereof (provided that such subsidiary or Affiliate agrees to be bound to the provisions of this Agreement, upon which such subsidiary or Affiliate shall be entitled to all rights and benefits, and shall be subject to all obligations, of a Stockholder under this Agreement); (iii) transfer any Equity Securities pursuant to any registered public offering in connection with the provisions of Article III hereof or pursuant to the provisions of Rule 144 (or any similar provision then in force) under the Securities Act provided that such transfer under Rule 144 or any similar provision meets the volume restrictions set forth in Rule 144 as in effect on the date hereof; or (iv) transfer any Equity Securities pursuant to any merger, consolidation, corporate reorganization, restructuring or any other similar transaction affecting the Company or pursuant to any involuntary transfer. Section 2.2. Rights Pursuant to a Tender Offer. Each Stockholder (any such Stockholder shall, for purposes of this Section 2.2, be referred to as a "Tendering Stockholder") shall have the right to sell or exchange all its Equity Securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer for the Equity Securities (an "Offer"). However, during the Term, prior to such sale or exchange, the Tendering Stockholder shall give the Company the opportunity to purchase such Equity Securities in the following manner: 14 (i) The Tendering Stockholder shall give notice (the "Tender Notice") to the Company in writing of its intention to sell or exchange Equity Securities in response to an Offer no later than three calendar days prior to the latest time (including any extensions) by which Equity Securities must be tendered in order to be accepted pursuant to such Offer, specifying the amount of Equity Securities proposed to be tendered by the Tendering Stockholder (the "Tendered Shares") and the purchase price per share specified in the Offer at the time of the Tender Notice. (ii) If the Tender Notice is given, the Company shall have the right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Tendered Shares exercisable by giving written notice (an "Exercise Notice") to the Tendering Stockholder at least two calendar days prior to the latest time after delivery of the Tender Notice by which Equity Securities must be tendered in order to be accepted pursuant to the Offer (including any extensions thereof) and depositing in any escrow or similar arrangement reasonably acceptable to the Tendering Stockholder, a sum in cash sufficient to purchase all Tendered Shares at the price then being offered in the Offer, without regard to any provision thereof with respect to proration or conditions to the offeror's obligation to purchase. The delivery by the Company of an Exercise Notice and deposit of funds as provided above will, except as provided below, constitute an irrevocable agreement by the Company to purchase, and the Tendering Stockholder to sell, the Tendered Shares in accordance with the terms of this Section 2.2, whether or not the Offer or any other tender or exchange offer (a "Competing Tender Offer") for Equity Securities that was outstanding during the Offer is consummated. (iii) The purchase price to be paid by the Company for any Equity Securities purchased by it pursuant to this Section 2.2 shall be the highest price offered or paid in the Offer or in any Competing Tender Offer. For purposes hereof, the price offered or paid in a tender or exchange offer for Voting Shares shall be deemed to be the price offered or paid pursuant thereto, without regard to 15 any provisions thereof with respect to proration or conditions to the offeror's obligation to purchase. If the purchase price per share specified in the Offer includes any property other than cash (the "Offer Noncash Property"), the purchase price per share at which the Company shall be entitled to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Equity Securities specified in the Tender Notice shall be (y) the amount of cash per share, if any, specified in such Offer (the "Cash Portion"), plus (z) an amount of cash per share equal to the value of the Offer Noncash Property per share (the "Cash Value of Offer Noncash Property"), as determined in good faith by the mutual agreement of the parties hereto, or if the parties cannot agree, by an independent, nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by the Tendering Stockholders and reasonably acceptable to the Company. If the Company exercises its right of first refusal by giving an Exercise Notice, the closing of the purchase of the Equity Securities with respect to such right (the "Closing") shall take place at 3:00 p.m., local time (or, if earlier, two hours before the latest time by which Equity Securities must be tendered in order to be accepted pursuant to the Offer), on the last day on which Equity Securities must be tendered in order to be accepted pursuant to the Offer (including any extensions thereof) (the "Last Tender Date"), and the Company shall pay the purchase price for the Equity Securities specified above. The Tendering Stockholder shall be entitled to rescind its Tender Notice at any time prior to the Last Tender Date by notice in writing to the Company; provided that if on or before the Last Tender Date, the Company publicly announces that the Company has approved, proposed or entered into an agreement with respect to (either individually or together with any other persons) a recapitalization, reorganization or business combination with respect to the Company or all or substantially all of its assets, or a self-tender offer, the Tendering Stockholder shall be entitled to rescind its Tender Notice by notice in writing to the Company at any time prior to the Closing on the Last Tender Date. If the Tendering Stockholder rescinds its Tender Notice pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence, the Company's Exercise Notice with respect to such Offer shall be 16 deemed to be immediately rescinded and the Tendering Stockholder's disposition of its Equity Securities in response to the Offer with respect to which the Tender Notice is rescinded or any other Offer shall again be subject to all of the provisions of this Section 2.2. (iv) If the Company does not exercise its right of first refusal set forth in this Section 2.2 within the time specified for such exercise by giving an Exercise Notice, then the Tendering Stockholder shall be free to accept, for all its Equity Securities, the Offer with respect to which the Tender Notice was given or any Competing Tender Offer (including any increases and extensions thereof). ARTICLE III REGISTRATION RIGHTS Section 3.1. Registration Upon Request. (a) At any time commencing on the date hereof and continuing thereafter, each Stockholder (any such Stockholder, whether registering securities pursuant to this Section 3.1 or Section 3.2, shall be referred to as a "Registering Stockholder") shall have the right to make written demand upon the Company, on not more than five separate occasions (subject to the provisions of this Section 3.1), to register under the Securities Act, any common stock or other securities of the Company held by it (the securities subject to such demand hereunder or subject to the provisions of Section 3.2 being referred to in each case as the "Subject Securities"), and the Company shall use its best efforts to cause such securities to be registered under the Securities Act as soon as reasonably practicable so as to permit the sale thereof promptly; provided that each such demand shall cover at least ________ shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment for stock splits, reverse stock splits, stock dividends and similar events after the date hereof). In connection therewith, the Company shall prepare, and as soon as reasonably practicable but in no event later than 90 days of the receipt of the request, file, on Form S-3 if permitted or otherwise on the appropriate form, a 17 registration statement under the Securities Act to effect such registration. Such registration shall be effected in accordance with the intended method or methods of disposition specified by the Registering Stockholders (including, but not limited to, an offering on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 (or any successor rule to similar effect) promulgated under the Securities Act). Each Registering Stockholder agrees to provide all such information and materials and to take all such action as may be reasonably required in order to permit the Company to comply with all applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the SEC and to obtain any desired acceleration of the effective date of such registration statement. If the offering to be registered is to be underwritten, the managing underwriter shall be selected by the Registering Stockholders and shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company (i) shall not be obligated to prepare or file more than one registration statement other than for purposes of a stock option or other employee benefit or similar plan during any twelve-month period, (ii) shall be entitled to postpone for a reasonable period of time (but in no event later than 60 days), the filing of any registration statement otherwise required to be prepared and filed by the Company if (A) the Company is, at such time, conducting or about to conduct an underwritten public offering of securities and is advised by its managing underwriter or underwriters in writing (with a copy to the Registering Stockholders), that such offering would, in its or their opinion, be materially adversely affected by the registration so requested, or (B) the Company determines in its reasonable judgment and in good faith that the registration and distribution of the Subject Securities would interfere with any announced or imminent material financing, acquisition, disposition, corporate reorganization or other material transaction of a similar type involving the Company. In the event of such postponement, the Registering Stockholders shall have the right to withdraw the request for registration by giving written notice to the Company within 20 days after receipt of the notice of postponement (and, in the event of such withdrawal, such request shall not be counted for purposes of determining the number of registrations to which the Registering Stockholders are entitled pursuant to this Section 3.1). 18 (b) The Company shall not grant to any other holder of its securities, whether currently outstanding or issued in the future, any incidental or piggyback registration rights with respect to any registration statement filed pursuant to a demand registration under this Section 3.1 and without the prior consent of the Registering Stockholders, the Company will not itself, and will not permit any other holder of its securities to, participate in any offering made pursuant to a demand registration under this Section 3.1. The Company may grant to other holders of its securities incidental or piggyback registration rights on a primary offering by the Company which are no more favorable to such holders than the provisions set forth in Section 3.2 are to the Stockholders. If the Registering Stockholders consents to the inclusion of offers and sales of any other securities in a registration pursuant to this Section 3.1 and the underwriter(s) retained in connection with such registration subsequently advise the Registering Stockholders that such offering would be adversely affected by the inclusion of such other securities, the Registering Stockholders may in their sole discretion exclude all or some of such securities from such registration. (c) Any registration requested by any Registering Stockholder pursuant to this Section 3.1 shall not be deemed to have been effected (and, therefore, not requested for purposes of this Section 3.1), (i) unless it has become effective, (ii) if after it has become effective such registration is interfered with by any stop order, injunction or other order or requirement of the SEC or other governmental agency or court for any reason other than a misrepresentation or an omission by the Registering Stockholders and, as a result thereof, the Subject Securities requested to be registered cannot be completely distributed in accordance with the plan of distribution set forth in the related registration statement or (iii) if the closing pursuant to the purchase agreement or underwriting agreement entered into in connection with such registration does not occur. Any registration effected pursuant to Section 3.2 shall not be deemed to have been requested by a Registering Stockholder for purposes of this Section 3.1. Section 3.2. Incidental Registration Rights. If the Company proposes to register any of its Equity Securities under the Securities Act for its own account 19 (other than (i) pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof, (ii) securities to be issued pursuant to a stock option or other employee benefit or similar plan, and (iii) securities proposed to be issued in exchange for securities or assets of, or in connection with a merger or consolidation with, another corporation), the Company shall, as promptly as practicable, give written notice to the Registering Stockholders of the Company's intention to effect such registration. If, within 15 days after receipt of such notice, a Registering Stockholder submits a written request to the Company specifying the amount of Equity Securities that it proposes to sell or otherwise dispose of in accordance with this Section 3.2, the Company shall use its best efforts to include the securities specified in the Registering Stockholder's request in such registration. If the offering pursuant to such registration statement is to be made by or through underwriters, the managing underwriters shall be chosen by the Company and shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Registering Stockholders and the Company, and the Registering Stockholders and such underwriter shall execute an underwriting agreement in customary form. If the managing underwriter reasonably determines in good faith and advises the Registering Stockholders in writing that the inclusion in the registration statement of all the Equity Securities proposed to be included would interfere with the successful marketing of the securities proposed to be registered, then the Company and the Registering Stockholders shall negotiate in good faith to agree upon an equitable adjustment in the number or amount of securities of each to be included in such underwriting (provided that in the event that the Company and the Registering Stockholders are unable to agree upon an equitable adjustment in the number or amount of securities of each to be included in such underwriting, then the number of securities which the Company and the Registering Stockholders propose to register shall be reduced pro rata (based upon the respective market values of each party's respective share of the total number of securities proposed to be registered). No registration effected under this Section 3.2 shall relieve the Company of its obligation to effect any registration upon request under Section 3.1. If the Registering Stockholders are permitted to participate in a proposed offering pursuant to this Section 3.2, the Company thereafter may determine either not to file a registration statement relating thereto, or to withdraw such registration statement, or otherwise not 20 to consummate such offering, without any liability hereunder. Any underwriters participating in a distribution of the Subject Securities pursuant to Sections 3.1 and 3.2 hereof shall use all reasonable efforts to effect as wide a distribution as is reasonably practicable, and in no event shall any sale of Subject Securities be made knowingly to any person (including its Affiliates and any group in which that person or its Affiliates shall be a member, or the Registering Stockholders or the underwriters know of the existence of such a group or Affiliate) that, immediately prior to giving effect to any such sale, beneficially owned Equity Securities representing five percent (5%) or more of the Total Voting Power. The Registering Stockholders and the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to secure the agreement of the underwriters, in connection with any underwritten offering of its Equity Securities, to comply with the foregoing. Section 3.3. Registration Mechanics. (a) In connection with any offering of Subject Securities registered pursuant to Section 3.1 or 3.2 herein, the Company shall (i) furnish to the Registering Stockholders such number of copies of any prospectus (including preliminary and summary prospectuses) and conformed copies of the registration statement (including amendments or supplements thereto and, in each case, all exhibits) and such other documents as any Registering Stockholder may reasonably request; (ii)(A) use its best efforts to register or qualify the Subject Securities covered by such registration statement under such blue sky or other state securities laws for offer and sale as the Registering Stockholders shall reasonably request and (B) keep such registration or qualification in effect for so long as the registration statement remains in effect; provided that the Company shall not be obligated to qualify to do business as a foreign corporation under the laws of any jurisdiction in which it shall not then be qualified or to file any general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction in which such a consent has not been previously filed or subject itself to taxation in any jurisdiction wherein it would not otherwise be subject to tax but for the requirements of this Section 3.3; (iii) use its best efforts to cause all Subject Securities covered by such registration statement to be registered with or approved by such other federal or state government agencies or authorities as may be necessary, in the opinion of counsel to the Registering Stockholders, to enable the 21 Registering Stockholders to consummate the disposition of such Subject Securities; (iv) notify the Registering Stockholders any time when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities Act upon discovery that, or upon the happening of any event as a result of which, the prospectus included in such registration statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, and (subject to the good faith determination of the Company's Board of Directors as to whether to permit sales under such registration statement), at the request of any Registering Stockholder promptly prepare and furnish to it a reasonable number of copies of a supplement to or an amendment of such prospectus as may be necessary so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such securities, such prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in light of the circumstances under which they were made; (v) otherwise use its best efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC; (vi) use its best efforts to list the Subject Securities covered by such registration statement on the New York Stock Exchange or on any other Exchange on which the Subject Securities are then listed, if required by the rules of any such Exchange; (vii) use its best efforts to obtain a "cold comfort" letter from the independent public accountants for the Company in customary form and covering matters of the type customarily covered by such letters as may be reasonably requested by the Registering Stockholders, in the event of a registration effected pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof; (viii) execute and deliver all instruments and documents (including in an underwritten offering an underwriting agreement in customary form) and take such other actions and obtain such certificates and opinions as the Registering Stockholders reasonably request in order to effect an underwritten public offering; and (ix) before filing any registration statement or any amendment or supplement thereto, and as far in advance as is reasonably practicable, furnish to each Registering Stockholder and its counsel copies of such documents. In connection with any offering of Subject Securities registered pursuant to Section 3.1 or 3.2, the Company shall (x) furnish to the 22 underwriter, if any, unlegended certificates representing ownership of the Subject Securities being sold in such denominations as requested and (y) instruct any transfer agent and registrar of the Subject Securities to release any stop transfer orders with respect to such Subject Securities. Upon any registration becoming effective pursuant to Section 3.1, the Company shall use its best efforts to keep such registration statement current for a period of 60 days (or 90 days, if the Company is eligible to use a Form S-3, or successor form) or such shorter period as shall be necessary to effect the distribution of the Subject Securities. (b) Before filing with the SEC any registration statement referred to herein or any amendments or supplements thereto, the Company shall furnish to the Registering Stockholders or their respective counsel copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, in order to give the Registering Stockholders or their respective counsel sufficient time to review such documents, and such documents may thereafter be filed subject to any timely and reasonable comments of the Registering Stockholders or their respective counsel. The Company shall (i) deliver promptly to the Registering Stockholders or their respective counsel copies of all written communications between the Company and the SEC relating to the registration statement, and (ii) advise the Registering Stockholders or their respective counsel promptly of, and provide the Registering Stockholders or their respective counsel with the opportunity to participate in (to the extent reasonably practicable), all telephonic and other non-written communications between the Company and the SEC relating to such registration statement. The Company shall respond promptly to any comments from the SEC with respect thereto, after consultation with the Registering Stockholders or their respective counsel, and shall take such other actions as shall be reasonably required in order to have each such registration statement declared effective under the Securities Act as soon as reasonably practicable following the date hereof. (c) Each Registering Stockholder agrees that upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in subdivision (iv) of this Section 3.3, it will forthwith discontinue its disposition of Subject Securities pursuant to the registration statement relating to such Subject Securi- 23 ties until its receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by subdivision (iv) of this Section 3.3 and, if so directed by the Company, will deliver to the Company all copies (other than permanent file copies) then in its possession of the prospectus relating to such Subject Securities current at the time of receipt of such notice. If any Registering Stockholder's disposition of Subject Securities is discontinued pursuant to the foregoing sentence unless the Company thereafter extends the effectiveness of the registration statement to permit dispositions of Subject Securities by the Registering Stockholder for an aggregate of 60 days (or 90 days, if the Company is eligible to use a Form S-3, or successor form), whether or not consecutive, the registration statement shall not be counted for purposes of determining the number of registrations to which the Registering Stockholders are entitled pursuant to Section 3.1. Section 3.4. Expenses. The Registering Stockholders shall pay all agent fees and commissions and underwriting discounts and commissions related to Subject Securities being sold by the Registering Stockholders and the fees and disbursements of its counsel and accountants and the Company shall pay all fees and disbursements of its counsel and accountants in connection with any registration pursuant to this Article III. All other fees and expenses in connection with any registration statement (including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, all printing costs, all fees and expenses of complying with securities or blue sky laws) shall (i) in the case of a registration pursuant to Section 3.1, be borne equally by the Registering Stockholders and the Company and (ii) in the case of a registration pursuant to Section 3.2, be shared pro rata based upon the respective market values of the securities to be sold by theCompany, the Registering Stockholders and any other holders participating in such offering; provided that the Registering Stockholders shall not be obligated to pay any expenses relating to work that would otherwise be incurred by the Company including, but to limited to, the preparation and filing of periodic reports with the SEC. Section 3.5. Indemnification and Contribution. (a) In the case of any offering registered pursuant to this Article III, the Company agrees to indemnify and hold each Registering Stockholder, each underwriter, if 24 any, of the Subject Securities under such registration and each person who controls any of the foregoing within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, and any officer, employee or partner of the foregoing, harmless against any and all losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (including reasonable legal fees and other reasonable expenses incurred in the investigation and defense thereof) to which they or any of them may become subject under the Securities Act or otherwise (collectively "Losses"), insofar as any such Losses shall arise out of or shall be based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the registration statement relating to the sale of such Subject Securities (as amended if the Company shall have filed with the SEC any amendment thereof), or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the prospectus relating to the sale of such Subject Securities (as amended or supplemented if the Company shall have filed with the SEC any amendment thereof or supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the indemnification contained in this Section 3.5 shall not apply to such Losses which shall arise primarily out of or shall be based primarily upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement, or any such omission or alleged omission, which shall have been made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by the Registering Stockholders or any such underwriter, as the case may be, specifically for use in connection with the preparation of the registration statement or prospectus contained in the registration statement or any such amendment thereof or supplement therein. (b) In the case of each offering registered pursuant to this Article III, the Registering Stockholders and each underwriter, if any, participating therein shall agree, substantially in the same manner and to the same extent as set forth in the preceding paragraph, severally to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, and the 25 directors and executive officers of the Company, with respect to any statement in or omission from such registration statement or prospectus contained in such registration statement (as amended or as supplemented, if amended or supplemented as aforesaid) if such statement or omission shall have been made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by the Registering Stockholders or such underwriter, as the case may be, specifically for use in connection with the preparation of such registration statement or prospectus contained in such registration statement or any such amendment thereof or supplement thereto. (c) Each party indemnified under this Section 3.5 shall, promptly after receipt of notice of the commencement of any claim ("Claim") against such indemnified party in respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof. The failure of any indemnified party to so notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any liability in respect of such Claim which it may have to such indemnified party on account of the indemnity contained in this Section 3.5, unless (and only in the event) the indemnifying party was materially prejudiced by such failure, and in no event shall such failure relieve the indemnifying party from any other liability which it may have to such indemnified party. In case any Claim in respect of which indemnification may be sought hereunder shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify an indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may desire, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof through counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party by notifying the indemnified party in writing of such election within 10 days after receipt of the indemnified party's initial notice of the Claim, and after such notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section 3.5 for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof, other than reasonable costs of investigation (unless such indemnified party reasonably objects to such assumption on the 26 grounds that there may be defenses available to it which are different from or in addition to those available to such indemnifying party in which event the indemnified party shall be reimbursed by the indemnifying party for the reasonable expenses incurred in connection with retaining separate legal counsel). If the indemnifying party undertakes to defend against such Claim within such 10-day period, the indemnifying party shall control the investigation, defense and settlement thereof; provided that (i) the indemnifying party shall use its reasonable efforts to defend and protect the interests of the indemnified party with respect to such Claim, (ii) the indemnified party, prior to or during the period in which the indemnifying party assumes control of such matter, may take such reasonable actions as the indemnified party deems necessary to preserve any and all rights with respect to such matter, without such actions being construed as a waiver of the indemnified party's rights to defense and indemnification pursuant to this Agreement, and (iii) the indemnifying party shall not, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, consent to any settlement which (A) imposes any Liabilities on the indemnified party (other than those Liabilities which the indemnifying party agrees to promptly pay or discharge), and (B) with respect to any non- monetary provision of such settlement, would be likely, in the indemnified party's reasonable judgment, to have an adverse effect on the business operations, assets, properties or prospects of any Stockholder (in the event that a Registering Stockholder or any of its Affiliates is the indemnified party), or the Company (in the event that the Company is an indemnified party), or such indemnified party. If the indemnifying party does not undertake within such 10-day period to defend against such Claim, then the indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in any such defense at its sole cost and expense, but the indemnified party shall control the investigation, defense and settlement thereof (provided that the indemnified party may not settle any such Claim without obtaining the prior written consent of the indemnifying party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld by the indemnifying party; provided that in the event that the indemnifying party is in material breach at such time of the provisions of this Section 3.5, then the indemnified party shall not be obligated to obtain such prior written consent of the indemnifying party) at the reasonable cost and expense of the indemnifying party 27 (which shall be paid by the indemnifying party promptly upon presentation by the indemnified party of invoices or other documentation evidencing the amounts to be indemnified). In addition to the foregoing, no indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which the indemnified party could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim or proceeding. (d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 3.5 is unavailable to an indemnified party or is insufficient to hold such indemnified party harmless from any Losses in respect of which this Section 3.5 would otherwise apply by its terms (other than by reason of exceptions provided herein), then each applicable indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, shall have a joint and several obligation to contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such Losses, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by and fault of the indemnifying party, on the one hand, and such indemnified party, on the other hand, in connection with the offering to which such contribution relates as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefit shall be determined by reference to, among other things, the amount of proceeds received by each party from the offering to which such contribution relates. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, each party's relative knowledge and access to information concerning the matter with respect to which the claim was asserted, and the opportunity to correct and prevent any statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of any Losses shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees or expenses incurred by such party in connection with any investigation or proceeding, to the extent such party would have been indemnified for such expenses if the indemnification provided for in this Section 3.5 was available to such party. (e) The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 3.5 were determined by pro rata allocation or by 28 any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. Section 3.6. Rule 144. The Company covenants that it will file the reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations adopted by the Commission thereunder (or, if the Company is not required to file such reports, it will, upon the request of any Stockholder, make publicly available other information), and it will take such further action as any Stockholder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Stockholder to sell Subject Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by (i) Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or (ii) any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission. Upon the request of any Stockholder, the Company will deliver to such Stockholder a written statement as to whether it has complied with such requirements. SECTION 3.7. Holdback Agreement. The Company agrees that it and its Affiliates will not effect any sale, offer for sale, or grant any option to purchase any shares of common stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for common stock) (collectively, "Sales") during the 10-day period prior to, and the 90-day period (or such longer period, not to exceed 120 days, as the managing underwriter(s) therefor determines) beginning on the effective date of a registration statement filed pursuant to Section 3.1 without the consent of such managing underwriter(s). The Stockholders agree not to effect any Sales during the 10-day period prior to, and the 90-day period (or such longer period, not to exceed 120 days, as the managing underwriter(s) therefor determines) beginning on the effective date of a registration statement relating to a primary offering (other than one described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) of the first sentence of Section 3.2 hereof) without the consent of such managing underwriter(s); provided that this sentence shall be of no force and 29 effect if the Company effects a Sale or files any registration statement for the benefit of any other party during such 120-day period. ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES SECTION 4.1. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby represents and warrants to each of the Stockholders as follows: (a) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are within its corporate powers and have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on its part. This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, (i) except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to or affecting creditors' rights generally, including the effect of statutory and other laws regarding fraudulent conveyances and preferential transfers, and (ii) subject to the limitations imposed by general equitable principles (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity). (b) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company does not and will not contravene or conflict with or constitute a default under the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws or any of its material Contracts. (c) Immediately after giving effect to both the Restructuring and the Distribution (including, without limitation, after giving effect to the distribution of shares of Spinco Common Stock to the holders of common stock of Loral and the holders of options with respect to common stock of Loral, who or which may be entitled to receive shares of Spinco Common Stock pursuant to or in connection with the Distribution Agreement, the Merger Agreement or 30 otherwise), (i) the Company's authorized capital stock shall consist of ________ shares of Spinco Common Stock and ________ shares of Preferred Stock, of which ________ shares of Spinco Common Stock and ________ shares of Preferred Stock shall be issued and outstanding, (ii) Loral will be the record and beneficial owner of _______ shares of Preferred Stock, all of which will be validly issued and fully paid and nonassessable and all of which will be free of all Liens, (iii) except for the shares of Spinco Common Stock and the shares of Preferred Stock specified in clause (i) above, there will be no other Equity Securities, and (iv) the Wing Stockholders will hold, in the aggregate, at least twenty percent (20%) of the Total Voting Power. ARTICLE V TERM Section 5.1. Term. The term (the "Term") of this Agreement shall commence on the date hereof and shall continue until the earlier of (x) the date on which the Voting Power of the Equity Securities, on a fully diluted basis, beneficially owned by Loral and its Affiliates shall represent less than five percent (5%) of the Total Voting Power, (y) the seventh anniversary of the date hereof, or (z) a Change of Control (as defined in Section 1.1(c) above). Upon expiration of the Term, the provisions of this Agreement shall terminate, and be of no further force or effect, automatically without any further action on the part of any parties hereto; provided that the provisions of Articles III and VI shall continue without regard to the term limitation set forth in this sentence; provided further that no such termination shall relieve any party of any liability to the other parties hereto, to the extent such liability is incurred prior to the expiration of the Term. 31 ARTICLE VI MISCELLANEOUS Section 6.1. Certain Restrictions. The Company shall not take or recommend to its stockholders any action, including any amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation, By-laws or stockholder rights plan, if any, which would impose restrictions applicable to Loral and not to other securityholders generally based upon the size of Loral' security holdings, the business in which it is engaged or other considerations applicable to it and not to securityholders generally. In addition, the Company shall not take or recommend to its stockholders any action, including any amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation, By-laws or stockholder rights plan, if any, which would likely adversely affect in any material respect, either directly or indirectly, any of the rights or obligations of the Stockholders under the provisions of this Agreement. The Stockholders agree that the Company may adopt a stockholders rights plan similar to the stockholders rights plan adopted by Loral except that Loral (and its Affiliates and associates) shall not be deemed to be an "Acquiring Person" unless Loral and its Affiliates become the beneficial owner of 25% or more of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company. Section 6.2. Entire Agreement. This Agreement and the Restructuring Agreement (including the schedules and exhibits and the agreements and other documents referred to therein, including, without limitation, the Tax Sharing Agreement and the Transition Services Agreements) constitutes the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all other prior negotiations, commitments, agreements and understandings, both written and oral, between the parties or any of them with respect to the subject matter hereof. Section 6.3. Fees and Expenses. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all costs and expenses incurred by the Stockholders and the Company in connection with consummating such party's obligations 32 hereunder or otherwise shall be paid by the party incurring such cost or expense. Section 6.4. Access to Information. During the Term, the Company shall provide to each Stockholder reasonable access to the books and records of the Company and its subsidiaries during the regular business hours of the Company and such subsidiaries, following the Company's receipt of a written notice from such Stockholder requesting such access; provided that the Company shall not be required to provide any confidential information if the Company reasonably determines that the providing of such information would result in (x) a violation of applicable antitrust laws or (y) create a substantial likelihood of a significant adverse effect on the Company; provided, further, that the Stockholder shall keep confidential any confidential information disclosed to it except as required by law, service of process, interrogatories, or similar legal process, and except for any such information which becomes publicly available through no fault of the Stockholder. Section 6.5. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND INTERPRETED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO THE CHOICE OF LAW PRINCIPLES THEREOF (EXCEPT IN THOSE CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE THE CORPORATE LAW OF THE COMPANY'S JURISDICTION OF ORGANIZATION REQUIRES THE APPLICATION OF THE LAW OF THE COMPANY'S JURISDICTION OF ORGANIZATION WITH RESPECT TO A PARTICULAR MATTER). Section 6.6. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given upon (a) transmitter's confirmation of a receipt of a facsimile transmission, (b) confirmed delivery by a standard overnight carrier or when delivered by hand or (c) the expiration of five Business Days after the day when mailed by certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, addressed at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice): 33 (a) If to any of the Stockholders, to: Loral Corporation c/o Lockheed Martin Corporation 6801 Rockledge Drive Bethesda, MD 20817 Telephone: (301) 897-6125 Telecopy No.: (301) 897-6333 Attention: General Counsel and to: Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom 919 Third Avenue New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 735-3000 Telecopy No.: (212) 735-2000 Attention: Peter Allan Atkins, Esq. Lou R. Kling, Esq. and to: O'Melveny & Myers 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 326-2000 Telecopy No.: (212) 326-2160 Attention: C. Douglas Kranwinkle, Esq. Jeffrey J. Rosen, Esq. (b) If to the Company, to: Loral Space & Communications Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, New York Telephone: (212) 697-1105 Telecopy No.: (212) 602-9805 Attention: General Counsel 34 with a copy to: Willkie Farr & Gallagher 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 821-8000 Telecopy No.: (212) 821-8111 Attention: Robert B. Hodes, Esq. Bruce R. Kraus, Esq. In addition to providing any notice required to be given by the Company pursuant to its Certificate of Incorporation in the manner specified therein, the Company shall send to each Stockholder by telecopy in accordance with this Section 6.6 a copy of each such notice. Section 6.7. Successors and Assigns; Reclassifications; No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns, but neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any party hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld), except that any party shall have the right, without the consent of any other party hereto, to assign all or a portion of its rights, interests and obligations hereunder to one or more direct or indirect subsidiaries, but no such assignment of obligation shall relieve the assigning party from its responsibility therefor. In the event of any recapitalization or reclassification of any Equity Securities, or any merger, consolidation or other transaction with like effect, the securities issued in replacement or exchange for such Equity Securities shall be deemed Equity Securities hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other person any rights, benefits or remedies of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement; provided that the indemnified parties referred to in Section 3.5 hereof are intended to be third party beneficiaries of the provisions of Section 3.5 hereof, and shall have the right to enforce such provisions as if they were parties hereto. 35 Section 6.8. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Section 6.9. Further Assurances. Each party hereto or person subject hereto shall do and perform or cause to be done and performed all such further acts and things and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents as any other party hereto or person subject hereto may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Section 6.10. Interpretation. The descriptive headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Unless otherwise specified in this Agreement, all references in this Agreement to "days" shall be deemed to be references to calendar days. Section 6.11. Legal Enforceability. Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without affecting the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof. Any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. If any provision of this Agreement is so broad as to be unenforceable, the provision shall be interpreted to be only so broad as is enforceable. Section 6.12. Consent to Jurisdiction. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably and unconditionally (a) agrees that all suits, actions or other legal proceedings arising out of this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby (a "Suit") shall be brought and adjudicated solely in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, or, if such court will not accept jurisdiction, in the Delaware Chancery Court or any court of competent civil jurisdiction sitting in New Castle County, Delaware, (b) submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any such court for the purpose of any 36 such Suit and (c) waives and agrees not to assert by way of motion, as a defense or otherwise in any such Suit, any claims that it is not subject to the jurisdiction of the above courts, that such Suit is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such Suit is improper. Each of the parties hereto also irrevocably and unconditionally consents to the service of any process, summons, pleadings, notices or other papers in a manner permitted by the notice provisions of Section 6.6 hereof and agrees that any such form of service shall be effective in connection with any such Suit; provided that nothing contained in this Section 6.12 shall affect the right of any party to serve process, pleadings, notices or other papers in any other manner permitted by applicable Law. Section 6.13. Specific Performance. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that in the event of any breach of this Agreement, each non-breaching party would be irreparably and immediately harmed and could not be made whole by monetary damages. It is accordingly agreed that the parties hereto (a) will waive, in any action for specific performance, the defense of adequacy of a remedy at law and (b) shall be entitled, in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled at law or in equity, to compel specific performance of this Agreement in any action instituted in any court referred to in Section 6.12 hereof. 37 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has caused this Agreement to be executed on its behalf by its officers thereunto duly authorized, all as of the day and year first above written. LORAL CORPORATION By:______________________________ Name: Title: LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION By:______________________________ Name: Title: 38 EX-99.13 14 CONFIDENTIALITY AND STANDSTILL AGRMNT DTD 12/4/95 Exhibit 99.13 CONFIDENTIALITY AND STANDSTILL AGREEMENT This agreement will confirm our possible interest in preliminary discussions ("DISCUSSIONS") which might lead to some form of negotiated transaction between the parties (the "TRANSACTION"). During such Discussions, we, which term (as well as the terms "us" and "party" when referring to Lockheed Martin Corporation shall include Lockheed Martin Corporation and its affiliates and their directors, officers, employees and Representatives (as hereinafter defined) and you, which term (as well as the term "party" when referring to Loral Corporation shall include Loral Corporation and its affiliates and their directors, officers, employees and Representatives, may determine that it is necessary and appropriate to exchange certain information relating to us or you respectively. Any such information (whether written or oral) furnished (whether before or after the date hereof) by you to us or by us to you, including your or our respective financial advisors, attorneys, accountants or agents (collectively, "REPRESENTATIVES") and all analyses, compilations, forecasts, studies or other documents prepared by you or by us in connection with your or our review of, or interest in, the Discussions or the Transactions which contain or reflect any such information is hereinafter referred to as the "INFORMATION." The term Information will not include information which (i) is or becomes publicly available other than as a result of a disclosure by the receiving party or (ii) is or becomes available to the receiving party on a nonconfidential basis from a source (other than that party) which, to the best of the receiving party's knowledge, is not prohibited from disclosing such information to it by a legal, contractual or fiduciary obligation, or (iii) is independently developed by the receiving party without reference to the Information. Accordingly, it is hereby agreed that: 1. Each of the parties (i) will keep the Information confidential and will not (except as required by applicable law, regulation or legal process, and only after compliance with paragraph 3 below), without the prior written consent to the party which furnished the Information, disclose the Information in any manner whatsoever, and (ii) will not use the Information other than in connection with the Transaction. Information may be revealed to a receiving party's Representatives only if such Representatives (a) need to know the Information for the purpose of evaluating, or advising the receiving party with respect to the Transaction, (b) are informed of the confidential nature of the Information and (c) agree to act in accordance with the terms of this agreement. 2. Each of the parties will not (except as required by applicable law, regulation or legal process, and only after compliance with paragraph 3 below), without the other party's prior written consent, disclose to any person the fact that the Information exists or has been made available, that either party is considering the Transaction, or that discussions or negotiations are taking or have taken place concerning the Transactions or any term, condition or other fact relating to any such Transaction or such discussions or negotiations, including, without limitation, the status thereof. 3. In the event that we are requested pursuant to, or required by, applicable law, regulation or legal process to disclose any of the Information, we will notify you promptly so that you may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy or, in your sole discretion, waive compliance with the terms of this agreement. Similarly, in the event that you are requested pursuant to, or required by, applicable law, regulation or legal process to disclose any of the Information provided by us, you will notify us promptly so that we may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy or in our sole discretion, waive compliance with the terms of this agreement. In the event that no such protective order or other remedy is obtained, that we or you waive compliance with the terms of this agreement, or that disclosure is legally required, the disclosing party will furnish only that portion of the information which it is advised by counsel is legally required and will exercise reasonable efforts to obtain reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded the Information. 4. If either party determines to cease discussions and/or not to proceed with a Transaction, it will promptly inform the other party of that decision. In that case, each party at its sole election will either (i) promptly destroy all copies of the written Information in its possession and confirm such destruction to the other party in writing, or (ii) promptly deliver to the other party at the returning party's expense all copies of the written Information in its possession. 5. The parties acknowledge that neither party or any of its controlling persons within the meaning of Section 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, makes any express or implied representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of the Information furnished to the other party, and the parties agree that no such person will have any liability relating to the Information or for any errors therein or omissions therefrom. The parties further agree that they are not entitled to rely on the accuracy or completeness of the Information and that they will be entitled to rely solely on such representations and warranties as may be included in any definitive agreement with respect to a Transaction, subject to such limitation and restrictions as may be contained therein. 6. The parties acknowledge that they are aware of the restrictions imposed by the United States securities laws on the purchase or sale of securities by any person who has received material, non-public information from the issuer of such securities and on the communication of such information to any other person when it is reasonably foreseeable that such other person is likely to purchase or sell such securities in reliance upon such information. 7. For a period of three years from the date of this agreement, neither you nor we nor any of either of our controlled subsidiaries, will, unless specifically invited by the other party ("party" in this paragraph 7 and in paragraph 8 meaning either (i) Lockheed Martin Corporation or (ii) Loral Corporation and any existing or newly organized subsidiary of Loral Corporation the stock of which is distributed to the shareholders of Loral Corporation, as the case may be) or its Board of Directors: (i) acquire, offer to 2 acquire, or agree to acquire, directly or indirectly, by purchase or otherwise, any voting securities, or direct or indirect rights to acquire any voting securities of the other party, or any assets of the other party or any subsidiary or division thereof or of any such successor or controlling person; (ii) make, or in any way participate in, directly or indirectly, any "solicitation" of "proxies" (as such terms are used in the rules of the Securities Exchange Commission) to vote, or seek to advise or influence any person or entity with respect to the voting of, any voting securities of the other party; (iii) make any public announcement with respect to, or submit a proposal for, or offer of (with or without conditions) any extraordinary transactions involving the other party or its securities or assets; (iv) form, join or in any way participate in a "group" (as defined in Section 13 (d) (3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) in connection with any of the foregoing. The parties agree that for the period specified above, neither will publicly request the other (its officers, directors, employees and agents) or publicly disclose any request, directly or indirectly, to waive any provisions of this paragraph. 8. Each of the parties hereto agrees that, for a period of two years from the date of this agreement, it and its controlled subsidiaries will not, directly or indirectly, solicit for employment any employee of the other party or any of its subsidiaries who became known to it as a result of the Discussions or its consideration of a Transaction or any other person with whom a party has direct contact in the course of negotiating any Transaction, provided, however, that any such solicitation shall not be deemed a breach of this agreement if (i) the personnel who perform such solicitation have no access to or knowledge of any Information or this agreement and (ii) none of the soliciting party's personnel who have access to the Information have actual advance knowledge of such solicitation; provided, further that nothing contained in this paragraph 8 shall be deemed to limit in any manner our ability to offer employment to your employees in the event of the consummation of a Transaction between us. The term "solicit for employment" shall not be deemed to include general solicitations of employment not specifically directed towards employees of a party or any of its subsidiaries. 9. Each of the signatories acknowledge that remedies at law may be inadequate to protect it against any actual or threatened breach of this agreement and, without prejudice to any other rights and remedies otherwise available to them, the signatories agree that each of them shall be entitled to equitable relief, including injunction. In the event of litigation relating to this agreement, if a court of competent jurisdiction determines in a final, nonappealable order that this agreement has been breached then the breaching signatory shall reimburse the nonbreaching signatory for costs and expenses (including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses) incurred in connection with all such litigation. 10. No failure or delay by either signatory in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder will operate as a waiver thereof, nor will any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder. 3 11. This agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. 12. Any notice or communication hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered personally, telegraphed, telexed or sent by certified, registered or express mail, postage prepaid. Any such notice shall be deemed given when so delivered personally, telegraphed, telexed or sent by facsimile transmissions or, if mailed, three (3) business days after the date of deposit in the United States mail, by certified mail return receipt requested as follows: (i) If to us, to: Lockheed Martin Corporation 6801 Rockledge Drive Bethesda, Maryland 20817 Telephone: 301-897-6125 Telecopy: 301-897-6791 Attention: General Counsel with a copy to: O'Melveny & Myers 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 326-2000 Telecopy: (212) 326-2160 Attention: Douglas C. Kranwinkle and to: Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom 919 Third Avenue New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 735-3000 Telecopy: (212) 735-2001 Attention: Peter Allan Atkins (ii) If to you, to: Loral Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, New York 10016 Telephone: 212-697-1105 Telecopy: 212-682-9805 Attention: Michael B. Targoff 4 with a copy to: Willkie Farr & Gallagher 153 E. 53rd Street New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 821-8237 Telecopy: (212) 821-8111 Attention: Bruce R. Kraus, Esq. 13. This agreement contains the entire agreement between the signatories concerning the confidentiality of the Information and other matters covered hereby, and no modifications of this agreement or waiver of the terms and conditions hereof will be binding, unless approved in writing by each of the signatories. Executed this 4th day of December, 1995. LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION LORAL CORPORATION By: /s/ Frank H. Menaker, Jr. By: /s/ Michael B. Targoff ------------------------- ---------------------- Its: Vice President and Its: Senior Vice President General Counsel and Secretary ------------------------ --------------------- 5 EX-99.14 15 OPINION OF LAZARD FRERES & CO. LLC DTD 1/7/96 Exhibit 99.14 [Letterhead of Lazard Freres & Co. LLC] January 7, 1996 The Board of Directors Loral Corporation 600 Third Avenue New York, NY 10016 Dear Members of the Board: We understand that Lockheed Martin Corporation (the "Company"), LAC Acquisition Corporation ("LM Sub") and Loral Corporation ("Loral") have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 7, 1996 (the "Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company will commence a tender offer (the "Offer") to purchase all the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock of Loral ("Loral Common Stock") and associated preferred stock purchase rights for $38.00 per share in cash. Pursuant to the Agreement, following consummation of the Offer, LM Sub will merge (the "Merger") with and into Loral, and each remaining outstanding share of Loral Common Stock, with the exception of holders of dissenting shares, will be converted into the right to receive $38.00 in cash, all as more fully provided in the Agreement. In accordance with the Agreement and the Restructuring, Financing and Distribution Agreement (the "Distribution Agreement") referred to therein, immediately prior to the consummation of the Offer, Loral will declare a distribution (the "Distribution") to holders of shares of Loral Common Stock of shares in a newly formed corporation ("New Loral") which will hold certain assets, including Loral's investments in Globalstar, L.P., Space Systems/Loral, Inc. ("SS/L"), and K&F Industries, Inc. and $712 million in cash to be provided to the Company pursuant to the Agreement, and be subject to certain liabilities. Such consideration to be received by the holders of shares of Loral Common Stock in the Offer, the Merger and the Distribution is hereinafter defined as the "Consideration". Also pursuant to the Agreement, the Company will retain a preferred stock interest in New Loral convertible into 20% of the common stock of New Loral, and will assume certain guarantees of Globalstar, L.P. bank debt. The Merger Agreement and the Distribution Agreement assume, with respect to the distributions to holders of Loral Common Stock, that all options, restricted shares and other securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Loral Common Stock are exercised or otherwise participate in the distributions. You have requested our opinion as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, to the holders of shares of Loral Common Stock of the aggregate Consideration. In connection with this opinion, we have: (i) Reviewed the financial terms and conditions of the proposed form of the Agreement; Loral Corporation Page 2 (ii) Reviewed the financial terms and conditions of the proposed form of the Distribution Agreement; (iii) Analyzed certain publicly available historical business and financial information relating to Loral and Globalstar Telecommunications Limited (together with Loral, a general partner of Globalstar, L.P.) and certain non-public financial information regarding Loral and the assets that will comprise New Loral; (iv) Reviewed certain projected financial information for Loral and New Loral furnished by Loral and New Loral; (v) Held discussions with members of the senior management of Loral and New Loral with respect to the businesses and prospects of Loral and New Loral; (vi) Considered certain terms of the agreements which govern the interests in SS/L and Globalstar, L.P., including certain put rights with respect to SS/L and certain restrictions on transfers relating to Globalstar, L.P.; (vii) Reviewed public information with respect to certain other companies in lines of businesses we believe to be generally comparable to the businesses of Loral and New Loral; (viii) Reviewed the terms of selected transactions in industries generally comparable to the businesses of Loral and New Loral; (ix) Reviewed the historical stock prices and trading volumes of Loral Common Stock and Globalstar Telecommunications Limited common stock; (x) Reviewed the presentation by Lehman Brothers Inc. to Loral's Board of Directors dated January 7, 1996 concerning New Loral; and (xi) Conducted such other financial studies, analyses and investigations as we deemed appropriate. We have not had the opportunity to review the final documents that may be used in connection with the Offer, the Merger or the Distribution, as such materials have not yet been prepared or, in certain cases, finalized. Neither have we had the opportunity to review the financial statements, pro forma financial statements or registration statement for New Loral, which have also not yet been prepared. We have relied upon the accuracy and completeness of the foregoing information, and have not assumed any responsibility for any independent verification of such information or any independent valuation or appraisal of any of the assets or liabilities of Loral or New Loral. With respect to financial forecasts, we have assumed that they have been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of management of each of Loral and New Loral as to the future financial performance of Loral and New Loral. We assume no responsibility for and express no view as to such forecasts or the assumptions on which they are based. Further, our opinion is necessarily based on economic, monetary, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to us as of, the date hereof. Loral has not authorized us to solicit third party indications of interest in acquiring Loral, New Loral or portions thereof. Loral Corporation Page 3 In rendering our opinion, we have assumed that the transactions described above will be consummated on the terms described in the forms of the agreements reviewed by us, without any waiver of any material terms or conditions by Loral, and that obtaining the necessary regulatory approvals for the transactions will not have an adverse effect on New Loral. Lazard Freres & Co. llc is acting as financial advisor to Loral in connection with the transactions and will receive a fee for our services that is contingent in part upon the consummation of the transactions. We have in the past provided investment banking services to Loral, for which we have been paid customary fees. Our engagement and the opinion expressed herein are solely for the benefit of Loral's Board of Directors and the holders of Loral Common Stock. It is understood that this letter may not be disclosed or otherwise referred to without our prior consent, except as may otherwise be required by law or by a court of competent jurisdiction. Based on and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the aggregate Consideration is fair to the holders of Loral Common Stock from a financial point of view. Very truly yours, LAZARD FRERES & CO. LLC By /s/ Felix G. Rohatyn _________________________ Managing Director EX-99.15 16 FORM OF LETTER TO SHAREHOLDER OF LORAL CORP-1/7/96 EXHIBIT 99.15 [Letterhead of LORAL CORPORATION] January 12, 1996 Dear Loral Shareholder: This week we announced a series of strategic transactions that are consistent with our long-term goal of delivering shareholder value and, at the same time, achieve important objectives for our customers, employees and the communities in which we operate. The transactions are designed to provide you with significant present value, through the cash sale of our defense electronics and systems integration businesses to Lockheed Martin, and the ability to realize future value through your continuing ownership of a newly formed public company that will incorporate Loral's holdings in the fast-growing space and telecommunications market. The new company, to be called Loral Space & Communications Ltd., will consist of Loral's holdings in Globalstar, Space Systems/Loral and other affiliated businesses. (Its shares will be distributed to Loral shareholders on a one-for-one basis.) Loral Space will have the benefit of concentrated management focus, over $700 million in cash and no debt. It will be in a position to take advantage of the promising growth opportunities that exist in satellite-based businesses worldwide. Accompanying this letter is a Schedule 14D-9, which describes the Board's unanimous decision to recommend the transactions, and tender offer materials of Lockheed Martin. These documents contain important information relating to the transactions, and we urge you to read them carefully. Sincerely, /s/ Bernard L. Schwartz Bernard L. Schwartz Chairman of the Board of Directors EX-99.16 17 PRESS RELEASE DATED 1/8/96 Exhibit 99.16 LOCKHEED MARTIN AND LORAL AGREE TO STRATEGIC COMBINATION Lockheed Martin Will Acquire Loral's Defense Electronics and System Integration Businesses for $9.1 Billion Loral's Shareholders to Receive $38 Per Share in Cash and Shares in New Loral Space and Communications Corporation Lockheed Martin to Invest $344 Million for 20 Percent of Loral Space at an Effective Price of $7.50 Per Share Total Transaction Has Estimated Value In Excess of $10 Billion BETHESDA, Maryland and NEW YORK CITY, January 8 -- Daniel M. Tellep, Chairman of Lockheed Martin Corporation (NYSE:LMT), Norman R. Augustine, Lockheed Martin's president and chief executive officer, and Bernard L. Schwartz, chairman and chief executive officer of Loral Corporation (NYSE:LOR), today announced agreement on a series of interrelated strategic transactions with an estimated value exceeding $10 billion. The three key elements of the agreement are: first, the combination of the two companies' defense electronics and system integration businesses to enhance competitiveness and opportunities for growth in the rapidly evolving global environment; second, the distribution to Loral shareholders of its holdings in the fast-growing space and telecommunications market through a newly formed company to be called Loral Space and Communications Corporation; and third, a purchase by Lockheed Martin of an equity position in Loral Space. Under the agreement, which has been unanimously approved by both companies' boards of directors: . Lockheed Martin will acquire Loral's defense electronics and system integration businesses for approximately $9.1 billion, including $2.1 billion of assumed debt. Of the total, $7 billion, or $38 in cash per share, will be paid directly to Loral shareholders by Lockheed Martin through a tender offer commencing no later than Friday, January 12. . Loral shareholders also will receive for each share, one share of the newly formed public company which will own Loral's present satellite and telecommunications interests, including Globalstar (NASDAQ:GSTRF) and Space Systems/Loral. . Lockheed Martin will invest an additional $344 million for a 20% equity position in Loral Space, at an effective price of $7.50 per share. Loral Space will begin business with over $700 million in cash and no debt. . Lockheed Martin will provide Loral Space with support in key technologies to further reinforce the strategic relationship. . Schwartz will be chairman and CEO of Loral Space and will become vice chairman of Lockheed Martin and join its board of directors. The agreement represents the culmination of a long-term relationship between Lockheed Martin and Loral, bringing together the technologies, resources and talents of two of the most successful companies in the defense electronics industry and creating a new space-based telecommunications company. "The strategic combination with Loral solidifies Lockheed Martin's leadership position as a world premier high technology company," said Tellep. "It enhances our technology base, improves our competitiveness, expands our global reach and provides new opportunities for growth. With some $30 billion in annual sales and a broad portfolio of businesses spanning aerospace, defense, commercial and civil programs, we are well positioned for the 21st century. Our shareholders, customers and employees will benefit from this landmark event." Schwartz said, "Our board and management team enthusiastically support this transaction as the right move at the right time. It ensures our customers and employees the long-term capabilities needed in our increasingly demanding marketplace. The combined businesses build on the complementary cultures of Lockheed Martin and Loral, and I look forward to working with our new partners. At the same time, the transaction provides Loral shareholders with significant present value together with continuing ownership in Loral Space, which itself has substantial potential for shareholder value growth. We intend to create a major space-based telecommunications enterprise, building on this foundation." Augustine noted that the aerospace/electronics industry is continuing to consolidate with a corresponding strengthening of a number of other large competitors, both in the U.S. and abroad. "The Lockheed Martin/Loral strategic combination expands our ability to serve our customers in areas spanning the depths of the oceans to the reaches of space. Moreover, the continued participation in the combined company of an industry leader like Bernard Schwartz will further enhance our ability to deliver shareholder value," Augustine said. "Financially, in 1996 the dilution to earnings will be minimal, even before -2- considering synergy benefits, and accretive thereafter. With the cash flow of the combined enterprise, we expect leverage to drop from 67% at the time of closing to less than 60% by year end 1996 with strong debt coverage maintained," Augustine said. Lockheed Martin Highlights - -------------------------- When the transaction is complete, Lockheed Martin's annual combined sales will reach approximately $30 billion with a total backlog of approximately $47 billion. The combination with Loral enhances key core businesses -- electronics, tactical systems, and information and technology services -- with major opportunities for improving competitiveness and capitalizing on complementary strengths in system integration; electronic combat systems; tactical missiles; data management systems; simulation and training systems; and command, control and communications. The company will operate with a discretionary research and development budget of approximately $1 billion per year, and is expected to generate approximately $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion in free cash annually. Lockheed Martin currently is organized in five business sectors: Aeronautics, Electronics, Energy & Environment, Information & Technology Services, and Space & Strategic Missiles. When this transaction is completed, the Loral business units initially will constitute a sixth sector, Tactical Systems. A long-term consolidation plan will be developed following thorough review and analysis to determine how to best integrate these businesses. Tellep, who remains chairman of the board, Augustine, who becomes vice chairman and continues as chief executive officer, and Schwartz, will form the Office of the Chairman, which will address key strategic issues. Schwartz intends to invest $10 million personally in Lockheed Martin common stock. Two executive vice presidents and chief operating officers will report to Augustine. Vance D. Coffman, executive vice president and chief operating officer of Lockheed Martin, will have overall responsibility for the Aeronautics, Energy & Environment and Space & Strategic Missiles businesses. Frank C. Lanza, currently Loral's president and chief operating officer, also will join Lockheed Martin's board of directors and serve as an executive vice president and chief operating officer, with overall responsibility for the Electronics, Information & Technology Services and Tactical Systems businesses. In addition, Lanza will serve as president of Tactical Systems. -3- Loral Space Highlights - ---------------------- Loral Space's space and telecommunications operations now will have concentrated management focus, over $700 million in cash, no debt, a sufficient financing in place to take advantage of a range of promising growth opportunities in satellite-based businesses worldwide, including those that are here now and those that will emerge in the future. Loral Space has several principal operating assets. First is its 31% interest in Globalstar, which is developing a $2 billion worldwide satellite-based communications system capable of serving 10 million subscribers. Loral Space is the managing general partner of Globalstar. Second is its 33% interest in Space Systems/Loral, which is a leading commercial satellite manufacturing company with annual sales of $1 billion. Other assets of the enterprise will include all of Loral's Globalstar service provider franchises in Canada, Mexico and Brazil; Loral's interest in the projected domestic and international satellite DBS and broadband data projects, for example, Cyberstar; and Loral's 22% interest in K&F Industries, a $250-million revenue aircraft braking company. It is the intention over time to integrate the component operating parts of Loral Space into a single entity. "This transaction will enable the senior management of Loral Space to focus on the satellite and space businesses, which have excellent potential for growth," said Schwartz. "The participation of Lockheed Martin will enhance the future of the new space company and will assure that the resources will be available to complete the Globalstar project. Loral now will be a leading space and communications company and have the opportunity to build and expand on its current positions in satellite, data and information technologies, and direct broadcast services." At the same time it approved the Lockheed Martin strategic combination, the Loral board of directors adopted a shareholder rights plan, which is intended primarily to deter predatory or unfair acquisitions that might interfere with the company's strategic objectives. Terms of the Transaction - ------------------------ Lockheed Martin's offer is contingent, among other things, on the tendering of two-thirds of Loral's outstanding shares and government approvals, including U.S. and European antitrust reviews. -4- Loral's board of directors will declare the distribution of Loral Space and Communications Corporation shares to Loral shareholders of record prior to closing the tender offer. The proceeds of the transaction received by Loral's shareholders will be taxable to them. The two companies expect to close the transaction by the end of February 1996. A bank group, consisting of Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. of New York, Bank of America and Citicorp USA, has committed $3.5 billion of financing and has commenced the process to syndicate a $10-billion credit facility for Lockheed Martin to support the tender offer. Bear, Stearns & Co. is financial advisor to Lockheed Martin, will act as dealer-manager in connection with the tender offer, and also rendered a fairness opinion. Lazard Freres & Co, LLC and Lehman Brothers, Inc., are financial advisors to Loral and Lazard has rendered a fairness opinion to Loral's board of directors. The tender offer will be made pursuant to definitive offering documents to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Lockheed Martin, headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, is a highly diversified advanced technology company with current annual sales of $23 billion. It has 165,000 employees worldwide. Loral is a high technology company that primarily concentrates in defense electronics, communications, space and systems integration with annual sales of $6.7 billion. Headquartered in New York City, Loral has 38,000 employees. CONTACT: Charles Manor/Lockheed Martin Corporation/301-897-6258 Joanne Hvala/Loral Corporation/212-697-1105 Ruth Pachman/Jim Fingeroth/Kekst and Co./212-593-2655 -5-
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