Realized gain (loss) on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) includes realized gains and losses from the sale of investments, write-downs for impairments of investments and changes in the allowance for credit losses for financial assets, changes in fair value for mortgage loans on real estate accounted for under the fair value option, changes in fair value of equity securities, VUL derivative and embedded derivative gains and losses, gains and losses on the sale of subsidiaries and businesses and net gains and losses on reinsurance-related embedded derivatives and trading securities. Realized gains and losses on the sale of investments are determined using the specific identification method. Realized gain (loss) is also net of allocations of investment gains and losses to certain policyholders, certain funds withheld on reinsurance arrangements and certain modified coinsurance arrangements for which we have a contractual obligation. Details underlying realized gain (loss) (in millions) were as follows:



	For the Three						For the Six
	Months Ended						Months Ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Fixed maturity AFS securities:
Gross gains	$	8		$	3		$	34		$	5
Gross losses		(51	)		(6	)		(117	)		(9	)
Credit loss benefit (expense) ⁽¹⁾		1			(4	)		(16	)		(5	)
Intent to sell impairments ⁽²⁾		(624	)		-			(624	)		-
Realized gain (loss) on equity securities⁽³⁾		(13	)		(21	)		(27	)		(19	)
Credit loss benefit (expense) on mortgage loans on real estate		(3	)		(4	)		(7	)		14
Credit loss benefit (expense) on reinsurance-related assets		(3	)		4			(4	)		3
Realized gain (loss) on the mark-to-market on certain instruments ⁽⁴⁾⁽⁵⁾		(164	)		2			(274	)		(11	)
Indexed product derivative results ⁽⁶⁾		(49	)		29			(203	)		138
Derivative results ⁽⁷⁾		(896	)		1,099			(1,373	)		1,172
Other realized gain (loss)		10			(1	)		(1	)		(6	)
Total realized gain (loss)	$	(1,784	)	$	1,101		$	(2,612	)	$	1,282

⁽¹⁾Includes changes in the allowance for credit losses as well as direct write-downs to amortized cost as a result of negative credit events.

⁽²⁾Includes impairments of certain fixed maturity AFS securities in an unrealized loss position, resulting from the Company’s intent to sell these securities as part of the Fortitude Re reinsurance transaction. Within the investment portfolio anticipated to be sold in the transaction, there are additional fixed maturity AFS securities in an unrealized gain position of approximately $473 million pre-tax as of June 30, 2023. Pursuant to the applicable accounting guidance, the Company impaired the securities in a loss position down to fair market value upon entry into the agreement in the second quarter and will recognize a gain for any securities in an unrealized gain position at the time when the transaction closes. See Notes 4 and 8 for additional information.

⁽³⁾Includes mark-to-market adjustments on equity securities still held of $(13) million and $(18) million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $(27) million and $(14) million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

⁽⁴⁾Represents changes in the fair values of VUL derivatives, reinsurance-related embedded derivatives and trading securities.

⁽⁵⁾Includes gains and losses from fair value changes on mortgage loans on real estate accounted for under the fair value option of $(3) million and $(14) million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $(1) million and $(17) million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

⁽⁶⁾Represents the change in fair value of the index options that we hold and the change in the fair value of the embedded derivative liabilities of our indexed annuity contracts, IUL contracts and index options we may purchase or sell in the future to hedge policyholder index allocations applicable to future reset periods for our indexed annuity products.

⁽⁷⁾Includes the change in the fair value of the derivative instruments we own to support capital needs associated with our GLB and GDB riders and fees allocated to support the cost of purchasing the hedging instruments.