Investments and Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

INVESTMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements were as follows:


	Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2022
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Money market funds (1)	$	153,948	$	153,948	$	—	$	—

Commercial paper (1)	43,002		—		43,002		—

Certificates of deposit (2)	110		—		110		—



Investment securities at fair value
Equity securities at fair value
Marketable equity securities	18,962		18,962		—		—
Mutual funds invested in debt securities	22,538		22,538		—		—
Total equity securities at fair value	41,500		41,500		—		—
Debt securities available for sale
U.S. government securities	5,585		—		5,585		—
Corporate securities	55,324		—		55,324		—
U.S. government and federal agency	19,173		—		19,173		—


Commercial paper	10,540		—		10,540		—

Foreign fixed-income securities	1,216		—		1,216		—

Total debt securities available for sale	91,838		—		91,838		—

Total investment securities at fair value	133,338		41,500		91,838		—

Long-term investments
Long-term investment securities at fair value (3)	31,057		—		—		—

Total	$	361,455	$	195,448	$	134,950	$	—

Liabilities:
Fair value of contingent liability	$	965	$	—	$	—	$	965

Total	$	965	$	—	$	—	$	965

(1) Amounts included in Cash and cash equivalents on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Amounts included in current restricted assets and non-current restricted assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3) In accordance with Subtopic 820-10, investments that are measured at fair value using the NAV practical expedient are not classified in the fair value hierarchy.


	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2021
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Money market funds (1)	$	130,583	$	130,583	$	—	$	—

Commercial paper (1)	24,426				24,426		—

Certificates of deposit (2)	110				110		—



Investment securities at fair value
Equity securities at fair value
Marketable equity securities	19,560		19,560		—		—
Mutual funds invested in debt securities	23,221		23,221		—		—
Total equity securities at fair value	42,781		42,781		—		—
Debt securities available for sale
U.S. government securities	6,481		—		6,481		—
Corporate securities	47,531		—		47,531		—
U.S. government and federal agency	19,572		—		19,572		—

Commercial paper	29,103		—		29,103		—


Foreign fixed-income securities	1,219		—		1,219		—
Total debt securities available for sale	103,906		—		103,906		—

Total investment securities at fair value	146,687		42,781		103,906		—

Long-term investments
Long-term investment securities at fair value (3)	32,089		—		—		—

Total	$	333,895	$	173,364	$	128,442	$	—

Liabilities:
Fair value of contingent liability	$	2,646	$	—	$	—	$	2,646

Total	$	2,646	$	—	$	—	$	2,646

(1) Amounts included in Cash and cash equivalents on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2) Amounts included in current restricted assets and non-current restricted assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3) In accordance with Subtopic 820-10, investments that are measured at fair value using the NAV practical expedient are not classified in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of the Level 2 certificates of deposit is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is the rate offered by the financial institution. The fair value of investment securities at fair value included in Level 1 is based on quoted market prices from various stock exchanges. The Level 2 investment securities at fair value are based on quoted market prices of securities that are thinly traded, quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active or inputs other than quoted prices such as interest rates and yield curves.

The long-term investments are based on NAV per share provided by the partnerships based on the indicated market value of the underlying assets or investment portfolio. In accordance with Subtopic 820-10, these investments are not classified under the fair value hierarchy disclosed above because they are measured at fair value using the NAV practical expedient.

The only Level 3 asset or liability is the guarantee of a contingent liability related to Douglas Elliman. The Company calculates the fair value of the liability using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The unobservable inputs related to the valuation are the estimated fair value of the underlying asset, the risk-free rate for the remaining term of the liability and the leverage-adjusted equity volatility of peer firms. These values were $593,203, 1.06%, 29.58% at March 31, 2022 and $776,351, 0.39%, 26.13% at December 31, 2021.

In addition to assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company is required to record assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Generally, assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as a result of impairment charges. The Company had no nonrecurring nonfinancial assets subject to fair value measurements as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, except for investments in real estate ventures that were impaired as of December 31, 2021.

The Company’s investments in real estate ventures subject to nonrecurring fair value measurements are as follows:


			Fair Value Measurement Using:
	Year Ended December 31, 2021				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	Impairment Charge		Total

Assets:
Investments in real estate ventures	$	2,713	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

The Company estimated the fair value of its investments in real estate ventures using observable inputs such as market pricing based on recent events, however, significant judgment was required to select certain inputs from observed market data. The decline in the investments in real estate ventures was attributed to the decline in the projected sales prices and the duration of the estimated sell out of the respective real estate ventures. The $2,713 of impairment charges were included in equity in losses from real estate ventures for the year ended December 31, 2021.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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