As explained in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, the Utilities account for regulated operations in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 980, Regulated Operations. The following regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities, including purchased gas adjustments, were reflected in the balance sheets of the Company, Spire Missouri and Spire Alabama as of December 31, 2018, September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017.

	December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
Spire	2018		2018		2017
Regulatory Assets:
Current:
Pension and postretirement benefit costs	$	30.2	$	30.2	$	43.0
Unamortized purchased gas adjustments		3.0		8.2		77.9
Other		30.2		34.4		28.4
Total Current Regulatory Assets		63.4		72.8		149.3
Noncurrent:
Future income taxes due from customers		99.1		96.3		113.1
Pension and postretirement benefit costs		350.0		364.9		394.8
Cost of removal		134.0		133.4		123.9
Energy efficiency		33.6		32.8		30.0
Other		38.4		42.4		54.8
Total Noncurrent Regulatory Assets		655.1		669.8		716.6
Total Regulatory Assets	$	718.5	$	742.6	$	865.9
Regulatory Liabilities:
Current:
Rate Stabilization and Equalization ("RSE") adjustment	$	2.5	$	—	$	1.0
Refundable negative salvage		4.6		5.2		7.9
Unamortized purchased gas adjustments		6.1		2.9		1.0
Other		23.8		27.6		11.6
Total Current Regulatory Liabilities		37.0		35.7		21.5
Noncurrent:
Deferred taxes due to customers		169.8		178.3		177.4
Pension and postretirement benefit costs		27.1		27.8		31.5
Refundable negative salvage		—		—		3.8
Accrued cost of removal		59.4		63.6		81.7
Unamortized purchased gas adjustments		16.7		4.7		6.5
Other		90.4		80.2		34.2
Total Noncurrent Regulatory Liabilities		363.4		354.6		335.1
Total Regulatory Liabilities	$	400.4	$	390.3	$	356.6

	December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
Spire Missouri	2018		2018		2017
Regulatory Assets:
Current:
Pension and postretirement benefit costs	$	21.9	$	21.9	$	34.9
Unamortized purchased gas adjustments		—		1.0		38.5
Other		7.8		7.8		3.3
Total Current Regulatory Assets		29.7		30.7		76.7
Noncurrent:
Future income taxes due from customers		96.7		94.4		113.1
Pension and postretirement benefit costs		279.8		292.5		315.8
Energy efficiency		33.6		32.8		30.0
Other		17.5		21.4		25.2
Total Noncurrent Regulatory Assets		427.6		441.1		484.1
Total Regulatory Assets	$	457.3	$	471.8	$	560.8
Regulatory Liabilities:
Current:
Unamortized purchased gas adjustments	$	5.8	$	1.9	$	—
Other		14.8		14.8		2.7
Total Current Regulatory Liabilities		20.6		16.7		2.7
Noncurrent:
Deferred taxes due to customers		152.4		161.1		159.2
Accrued cost of removal		35.2		39.8		52.0
Unamortized purchased gas adjustments		16.7		4.7		6.5
Other		75.4		69.3		23.5
Total Noncurrent Regulatory Liabilities		279.7		274.9		241.2
Total Regulatory Liabilities	$	300.3	$	291.6	$	243.9

	December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
Spire Alabama	2018		2018		2017
Regulatory Assets:
Current:
Pension and postretirement benefit costs	$	7.3	$	7.3	$	7.2
Unamortized purchased gas adjustments		1.6		6.4		39.4
Other		9.9		12.5		11.4
Total Current Regulatory Assets		18.8		26.2		58.0
Noncurrent:
Pension and postretirement benefit costs		63.0		64.8		70.8
Cost of removal		134.0		133.4		123.9
Other		3.2		3.3		2.7
Total Noncurrent Regulatory Assets		200.2		201.5		197.4
Total Regulatory Assets	$	219.0	$	227.7	$	255.4
Regulatory Liabilities:
Current:
RSE adjustment	$	2.5	$	—	$	1.0
Refundable negative salvage		4.6		5.2		7.9
Other		3.1		2.4		2.4
Total Current Regulatory Liabilities		10.2		7.6		11.3
Noncurrent:
Pension and postretirement benefit costs		27.1		27.8		31.5
Refundable negative salvage		—		—		3.9
Other		3.5		3.5		3.6
Total Noncurrent Regulatory Liabilities		30.6		31.3		39.0
Total Regulatory Liabilities	$	40.8	$	38.9	$	50.3

A portion of the Company’s and Spire Missouri’s regulatory assets are not earning a return, as shown in the table below:

Like all the Company’s regulatory assets, these regulatory assets are expected to be recovered from customers in future rates. The recovery period for the future income taxes due from customers and pension and other postretirement benefit costs could be 20 years or longer, based on current Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) guidelines and average remaining service life of active participants, respectively. The other items not earning a return are expected to be recovered over a period not to exceed 15 years, consistent with precedent set by the MoPSC. Spire Alabama does not have any regulatory assets that are not earning a return.

On March 7, 2018, the MoPSC issued its order in two general rate cases, approving new tariffs that became effective on April 19, 2018. On April 25, 2018, Spire Missouri filed an appeal of the MoPSC’s order related to the disallowance of certain pension costs incurred prior to 1997 ($28.8), real estate sold in 2014 ($1.8), and rate case expenses ($0.9) to Missouri’s Southern District Court of Appeals. The appeals process is ongoing.

The rate case order also allowed for a Weather Normalization Adjustment Rider for residential customers which provides volumetric revenue protection and improved weather mitigation compared to previous rate designs. There are currently two open cases on this rider requesting a calculation clarification.

In September 2016 and February 2017, Spire Missouri filed Infrastructure System Replacement Surcharge (“ISRS”) cases for both Spire Missouri East and Spire Missouri West (the “2016/2017 ISRS Cases”). The Missouri Office of the Public Counsel (“OPC”) appealed the MoPSC’s decisions approving these cases to Missouri’s Western District Court of Appeals, arguing that they contained ISRS-ineligible costs. In November 2017, the appellate court reversed the MoPSC’s decision in the 2016/2017 ISRS Cases and remanded the case back to the MoPSC. In June 2018, Spire Missouri filed to establish new ISRS rates in both its East and West divisions (the “2018 ISRS Cases”). In September 2018, the MoPSC issued orders finding that Spire Missouri’s ISRS petitions in the 2016/2017 ISRS Cases and the 2018 ISRS Cases included ISRS-ineligible costs related to the replacement of plastic pipe components and approved rates in the 2018 ISRS Cases providing annual revenues of $2.6 for Spire Missouri East and $5.4 for Spire Missouri West. Spire is appealing the removal of costs related to plastic in all cases in the Western District Court. On January 14, 2019, Spire Missouri refiled requests with additional information for approximately $3.2 of the ISRS revenues that were removed by the MoPSC in previous cases and filed new ISRS applications for both its East and West service territories. The new applications include requests for the approval of ISRS revenues of $7.4 for Spire Missouri East and $8.4 for Spire Missouri West related to investments made or forecasted from July 1, 2018, through January 31, 2019.

Spire Missouri is seeking an Accounting Authority Order to record a regulatory asset (or liability) representing the increases (or decreases) in the annual MoPSC assessment from the amount currently reflected in rates, beginning July 1, 2018, and continuing until its next rate case. For the first twelve months, the impact is a $1.7 (51%) increase. The latest action on the matter was a reply brief filed by Spire Missouri on January 11, 2019.

As part of the annual update for RSE, on November 30, 2018, Spire Alabama filed an increase for rate year 2019 of $8.7, which became effective December 1, 2018. At December 31, 2018, an estimated RSE reduction for the January 31, 2019 quarterly point of test of $4.1 was recorded to bring the expected rate of return on average common equity at the end of the year to within the allowed rate of return.

On January 25, 2019, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) approved the Company’s application to combine its two adjacent natural gas storage facilities in Wyoming into one FERC certificate with a market-based tariff.