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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Nature of Business NATURE OF BUSINESS — Koss Corporation ("Koss"), a Delaware corporation, and its 100%-owned subsidiaries (collectively the "Company"), reports its finances as a single reporting segment, as the Company’s only business line is the design, manufacture and sale of stereo headphones and related accessories. The Company leases its plant and office in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The domestic market is served by domestic sales representatives and independent manufacturers' representatives working directly with certain retailers, distributors, and original equipment manufacturers.  International markets are served by domestic sales representatives and sales personnel in the Netherlands and the Caucasus region which utilize independent distributors in several foreign countries. The Company has two subsidiaries, Koss Corp B.V. and Koss U.K. Limited ("Koss UK"), which were formed to comply with certain European Union ("EU") requirements. Koss Corp B.V. and Koss UK are non-operating and hold no assets.
Basis of Consolidation BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION — The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Koss and its subsidiaries, Koss Corp B.V. and Koss UK, which are 100%-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Revenue Recognition REVENUE RECOGNITION — Revenues from product sales are recognized when the customer obtains control of the product, which typically occurs upon shipment from the Company's facility. There are a very limited number of customers for which control does not pass until they have received the products at their facility. Revenue from product sales is adjusted for estimated warranty obligations and variable consideration, which are detailed below. The amount of revenue recognized is to reflect the consideration expected to be received for those goods or services. 

 

Warranties - The Company offers a lifetime warranty to consumers in the United States and certain other countries. This lifetime warranty creates a future performance obligation. The Company determines the standalone selling price for this performance obligation using the cost-plus method. There are also certain foreign distributors that receive warranty repair parts and replacement headphones to satisfy warranty obligations in those countries. The Company defers revenue to recognize the future obligations related to these warranties. The deferred revenue is based on historical analysis of warranty claims relative to sales. This deferred revenue reflects the Company's best estimates of the amount of warranty returns and repairs it will experience during those future periods. If future warranty activity varies from the estimates, the Company will adjust the estimated deferred revenue, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period that such adjustment becomes known. The Company typically receives payment for product at the time of shipment or under normal collection terms, which are generally 30-60 days. The Company estimates that the warranty related performance obligation is satisfied within one to three years and therefore uses that same time frame for recognition of the deferred revenue, using amortization of 50% in year 1, 30% in year 2, and 20% in year 3 for domestic sales. Export deferred revenue, where applicable, is recognized over a 12-month period from date of shipment.

 

Reserves for Variable Consideration - Revenue from product sales is recorded at the net sales price, which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established and which result from returns, rebates, and co-pay assistance that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company's best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the contract. If actual results in the future vary from the estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known.

 

Product Returns - The Company generally offers customers a limited right of return. The Company estimates the amount of product sales that may be returned by its customers and records the estimate as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized. Product return liabilities are estimated using historical sales and returns information. If actual results in the future vary from the estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known.

 

Volume Rebates - The Company offers volume rebates to certain customers in the United States and certain foreign distributors. These volume rebates are tied to sales volume within specified periods. The amount of revenue is reduced for variable consideration related to customer rebates, which are calculated using expected values and is based on program specific factors such as expected rebate percentages and expected volumes. Changes in such accruals may be required if actual sales volume differs from estimated sales volume, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known.

Seller Fees – The Company pays fees to a major online marketplace for use of its services. Referral fees, the commission paid to the online platform to cover the costs associated with promoting, advertising, and facilitating product sales to its customers, are calculated as a percentage of the sales price and are imposed on sales of all products sold through the marketplace. When orders are fulfilled by the online marketplace, the Company is assessed fulfillment fees to cover the cost of fulfillment of the order as well as the assumption of risk of inventory control, damages and returns. The fees assessed are based on a product’s category, price, size and weight and are deducted from the sales price of each product prior to remittance to the Company with revenue reported on a net basis. Prior to fiscal

year 2023, revenue from orders obtained through the online marketplace but fulfilled by the Company direct to the end customer was reported net of referral fees, and related fulfillment costs were recorded in cost of goods sold. Effective with the current year, the referral fees of $43,190 were reported as selling expense and revenue was reported as gross sales. As a result of the accounting change, a reclass was made for fiscal year ending June 30, 2022 to move $98,252 of referral fees from Net Sales to Selling, General and Administrative Expenses to report these sales on a consistent basis.

 

Sales Commissions - The Company has elected the practical expedient of not capitalizing sales commissions.
Research and Development RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT — Research and development is primarily comprised of product prototypes and testing. These activities, charged to operations as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income, amounted to $288,231 and $285,244 in 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Advertising Costs ADVERTISING COSTS — Advertising costs included within selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income were $65,374 in 2023 and $50,513 in 2022. Such costs are expensed as incurred.
Income Taxes INCOME TAXES — The Company operates as a C Corporation under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code"). Amounts provided for income tax expense are based on income reported for financial statement purposes and do not necessarily represent amounts currently payable under tax laws. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. The differences relate principally to different methods used for depreciation and amortization for income tax purposes, net operating loss carryforwards, capitalization requirements of the Code, allowances for doubtful accounts, provisions for excess and obsolete inventory, stock-based compensation, warranty reserves, and other income tax related carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.
Patent Costs PATENT COSTS — The Company incurs on-going legal fees and filing costs related to the patent portfolio. These costs are expensed in the period they are incurred since no patent legal costs were probable to provide a future economic benefit.
Income per Common and Common Stock Equivalent Share INCOME PER COMMON AND COMMON STOCK EQUIVALENT SHARE — Income per common and common stock equivalent share is calculated under the provisions of Topic 260 in the Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") which provides for calculation of “basic” and “diluted” income per share. Basic income per common and common stock equivalent share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted income per common and common stock equivalent share reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings of an entity. See Note 11 for additional information on income per common and common stock equivalent share.
Cash and Cash Equivalents CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS — The Company considers depository accounts and investments with a maturity at the date of acquisition and expected usage of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash on deposit at a commercial bank located in the United States of America. The Company periodically has cash balances in excess of insured amounts. The Company has not experienced, and does not expect to incur, any losses on these deposits.
Accounts Receivable ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE — Accounts receivable consist of unsecured trade receivables due from customers. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded for significant past due receivable balances based on a review of the past due item and general economic conditions
Investments INVESTMENTS — Debt securities are classified as held-to-maturity as the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. The securities are carried at amortized cost as current or noncurrent based upon maturity date and unrealized gains and losses are recognized when realized. The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount to maturity. Such amortization or accretion is included in interest income, along with other interest on cash and cash equivalents. See Note 4 for additional information on investments.
Inventories INVENTORIES — As of June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s inventory was recorded using standard cost which approximates the lower of first in first out (“FIFO”) cost or net realizable value. The carrying value of inventory is reviewed for impairment on at least a quarterly basis, or more frequently if warranted due to changes in market conditions. See Note 5 for additional information on inventory.
Equipment and Leasehold Improvements EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS — Equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset. Major expenditures for property and equipment and significant renewals are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, their costs and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gains or losses are included in operations. See Note 6 for additional information on equipment and leasehold improvements.
Leases LEASES — The Company determines if a contract is a lease at the date of inception. The Company leases its facility in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from Koss Holdings, LLC, which is controlled by five equal ownership interests in trusts held by the five beneficiaries of the former chairman’s revocable trust and includes current stockholders of the Company. The lease agreement provides the Company the right to substantially all of the economic benefits and direct the use of the building, thus is considered a lease. The agreement does not convey ownership of the building to the lessee at the end of the term of the lease so is accounted for as an operating lease.

 

Operating leases are reported on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets as operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and operating lease liabilities. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are valued at the present value of the future lease payment obligations. The Company uses a rate based upon current incremental borrowing rates to determine the present value of future lease payments as the rate is not implicit in the lease. Operating lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease taking into account expected renewal periods.
Life Insurance Policies LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES — Life insurance policies are stated at cash surrender value or at the amount the Company would receive in the case of split-dollar arrangements. Increases in cash surrender value, net of annual premiums paid, and the proceeds from company-owned life insurance policies are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and other income, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Deferred Compensation DEFERRED COMPENSATION —At June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s deferred compensation liability is for a current officer and is calculated based on years of service and compensation, along with various assumptions related to expected retirement date, discount rates, and mortality tables. The related expense is calculated using the net present value of the expected payments and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The selling, general and administrative expenses recorded during the year end June 30, 2022, also include the gain recorded as a result of the reversal of the deferred compensation current and noncurrent liabilities recorded for the Company’s founder who passed away on December 21, 2021. See Note 10 for additional information on deferred compensation.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — Cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value based on the short maturity of these instruments. The Company’s investments are classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value is based upon quoted market prices and is disclosed in Note 4.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS — The Company evaluates the recoverability of the carrying amount of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. If an asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Management determines fair value using an undiscounted future cash flow analysis or other accepted valuation techniques. No impairments of the Company's long-lived assets were recorded in the years ended June 30, 2023 or 2022.
Legal Costs LEGAL COSTS — All legal costs related to litigation, for which the Company is liable, are charged to operations as incurred, except contingent legal fees as described below. Proceeds from the settlement of legal disputes are recorded in other income when the

amounts are determinable, and the collection is certain. License proceeds are considered functional and as such are recorded at a point in time, based on the underlying agreement. Related contingent legal fees and expenses are recorded in selling, general and

administrative expense at that time. Changes to the contingent legal fee expenses would cause a material impact to the results of operations.
Stock-Based Compensation STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION — The Company has a stock-based employee compensation plan, which is described more fully in Note 12. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 "Compensation - Stock Compensation". Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the vesting period. 
Other Income OTHER INCOME — The Company maintains a program focused on enforcing its intellectual property and, in particular, certain of its patent portfolio, by filing complaints against certain parties alleging infringement on the Company’s patents relating to its wireless headphone technology. The Company has granted license agreements related to certain patents allowing the Company to recover certain of the fees and costs that were involved with the underlying efforts to enforce this portfolio. In the years ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company received licensing proceeds of $33,000,000 and $100,000, respectively, which were recorded as other income.

In the year ended June 30, 2022, the Company also recognized approximately $262,000 of other income related to the proceeds from company-owned life insurance policies on its founder, who passed away on December 21, 2021.

Use of Estimates USE OF ESTIMATES — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

 

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The standard’s main goal is to improve financial reporting by requiring earlier recognition of credit losses on financing receivables and other financial assets, including accounts and notes receivables. The new guidance represents significant changes to accounting for credit losses. The current incurred loss impairment model that recognizes losses when a probable threshold is met will be replaced with the expected credit loss impairment method without recognition threshold. The expected credit losses estimate will be based upon historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. On November 15, 2019, the FASB delayed the effective date of FASB ASC Topic 326 for certain smaller public companies and other private companies. As amended, the effective date of ASC Topic 326 was delayed until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for SEC filers that are eligible to be smaller reporting companies under the SEC’s definition. As such, ASC Topic 326 will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2024. Management is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s financial statements.