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Retirement and Postemployment Benefits (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule Of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs (Credits)
The following table provides the components of net periodic defined benefit costs (credits) for PPL's domestic (U.S.) and WPD's (U.K.) pension and other postretirement benefit plans for the years ended December 31.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Net periodic defined benefit costs (credits):
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Service cost
$
62

 
$
65

 
$
66

 
$
82

 
$
76

 
$
69

 
$
7

 
$
7

 
$
7

Interest cost
156

 
168

 
174

 
185

 
178

 
235

 
21

 
23

 
26

Expected return on plan assets
(249
)
 
(231
)
 
(228
)
 
(587
)
 
(514
)
 
(504
)
 
(23
)
 
(22
)
 
(22
)
Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost (credit)
10

 
10

 
8

 

 

 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

Actuarial (gain) loss
84

 
69

 
50

 
151

 
144

 
138

 

 
1

 
1

Net periodic defined benefit costs
(credits) prior to settlements and termination benefits
63

 
81

 
70

 
(169
)
 
(116
)
 
(62
)
 
4

 
8

 
12

Settlements

 
1

 
3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Termination benefits

 
1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net periodic defined benefit costs
(credits)
$
63

 
$
83

 
$
73

 
$
(169
)
 
$
(116
)
 
$
(62
)
 
$
4

 
$
8

 
$
12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in OCI and Regulatory Assets/Liabilities - Gross:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Settlement

 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (gain) loss
157

 
27

 
253

 
201

 
346

 
7

 
8

 
(28
)
 
9

Prior service cost
(credit)
1

 
(1
)
 
15

 
13

 

 

 

 
8

 

Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service (cost) credit
(10
)
 
(10
)
 
(8
)
 

 

 

 
1

 
1

 
(1
)
Actuarial gain (loss)
(84
)
 
(69
)
 
(50
)
 
(151
)
 
(144
)
 
(138
)
 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities (a)
64

 
(54
)
 
207

 
63

 
202

 
(131
)
 
9

 
(20
)
 
7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total recognized in net periodic
defined benefit costs, OCI and regulatory assets/liabilities (a)
$
127

 
$
29

 
$
280

 
$
(106
)
 
$
86

 
$
(193
)
 
$
13

 
$
(12
)
 
$
19

 
(a)
WPD is not subject to accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation as prescribed by GAAP. As a result, WPD does not record regulatory assets/liabilities.
Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income and Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
For PPL's U.S. pension benefits and for other postretirement benefits, the amounts recognized in OCI and regulatory assets/liabilities for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
 
U.S. Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
OCI
$
90

 
$
(53
)
 
$
236

 
$
20

 
$
(25
)
 
$
7

Regulatory assets/liabilities
(26
)
 
(1
)
 
(29
)
 
(11
)
 
5

 

Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
$
64

 
$
(54
)
 
$
207

 
$
9

 
$
(20
)
 
$
7

Schedule of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs Included in Income Statement
The following net periodic defined benefit costs (credits) were charged to expense or regulatory assets, excluding amounts charged to construction and other non-expense accounts. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
PPL
$
40

 
$
59

 
$
53

 
$
(226
)
 
$
(151
)
 
$
(95
)
 
$
2

 
$
5

 
$
7

PPL Electric (a)
4

 
12

 
10

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(1
)
 

 
1

LKE (b)
21

 
28

 
24

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3

 
5

 
6

LG&E (b)
4

 
8

 
8

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
2

 
3

 
3

KU (a) (b)
2

 
4

 
5

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
1

 
1

 
2

 
(a)
PPL Electric and KU do not directly sponsor any defined benefit plans. PPL Electric and KU were allocated these costs of defined benefit plans sponsored by PPL Services (for PPL Electric) and by LKE (for KU), based on their participation in those plans, which management believes are reasonable. KU is also allocated costs of defined benefit plans from LKS for defined benefit plans sponsored by LKE. See Note 14 for additional information on costs allocated to KU from LKS.
(b)
As a result of the 2014 Kentucky rate case settlement that became effective July 1, 2015, the difference between net periodic defined benefit costs calculated in accordance with LKE's, LG&E's and KU's pension accounting policy and the net periodic defined benefit costs calculated using a 15 year amortization period for gains and losses is recorded as a regulatory asset. Of the costs charged to Other operation and maintenance, Other Income (Expense) - net or regulatory assets, excluding amounts charged to construction and other non-expense accounts, $3 million for LG&E and $2 million for KU were recorded as regulatory assets in 2018, $4 million for LG&E and $2 million for KU were recorded as regulatory assets in 2017 and $3 million for LG&E and $2 million for KU were recorded as regulatory assets in 2016.
Defined Benefit Plan Assumptions and Impact of One Point Change on Postretirement Plans
 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the valuation of the benefit obligations at December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
2.98
%
 
2.65
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.78
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.75
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.69
%
 
 

 
 

 
4.32
%
 
3.65
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.33
%
 
3.65
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic defined benefit costs for the years ended December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate service cost
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
4.59
%
 
2.73
%
 
2.99
%
 
3.90
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
 
4.48
%
Discount rate interest cost
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
4.59
%
 
2.31
%
 
2.41
%
 
3.14
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
 
4.48
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.78
%
 
3.95
%
 
3.93
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
4.00
%
 
3.75
%
 
3.92
%
 
3.91
%
Expected return on plan assets
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.23
%
 
7.22
%
 
7.20
%
 
6.40
%
 
6.21
%
 
6.11
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.69
%
 
4.19
%
 
4.56
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.65
%
 
4.12
%
 
4.49
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
7.15
%
 
6.82
%
 
6.82
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.65
%
 
4.13
%
 
4.49
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
The expected long-term rates of return for pension and other postretirement benefits are based on management's projections using a best-estimate of expected returns, volatilities and correlations for each asset class. Each plan's specific current and expected asset allocations are also considered in developing a reasonable return assumption.


(PPL and LKE)
 
The following table provides the assumed health care cost trend rates for the years ended December 31:
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
PPL and LKE
 
 
 
 
 
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
7.0
%
– cost
6.6
%
 
7.0
%
 
6.8
%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
– cost
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
2023

 
2022

 
2022

– cost
2022

 
2022

 
2020


Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
The funded status of PPL's plans at December 31 was as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Change in Benefit Obligation
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Benefit Obligation, beginning of period
$
4,288

 
$
4,079

 
$
8,219

 
$
7,383

 
$
589

 
$
591

Service cost
62

 
65

 
82

 
76

 
7

 
7

Interest cost
156

 
168

 
185

 
178

 
21

 
23

Participant contributions

 

 
13

 
13

 
13

 
14

Plan amendments
1

 
(1
)
 
12

 

 

 
8

Actuarial (gain) loss
(352
)
 
233

 
(406
)
 
293

 
(34
)
 
4

Settlements

 
(6
)
 

 
(1
)
 

 

Termination benefits

 
1

 

 

 

 

Gross benefits paid
(272
)
 
(251
)
 
(381
)
 
(345
)
 
(58
)
 
(59
)
Federal subsidy

 

 

 

 

 
1

Currency conversion

 

 
(449
)
 
622

 

 

Benefit Obligation, end of period
3,883

 
4,288

 
7,275

 
8,219

 
538

 
589

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in Plan Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Plan assets at fair value, beginning of period
3,488

 
3,243

 
8,490

 
7,211

 
405

 
378

Actual return on plan assets
(260
)
 
437

 
(30
)
 
480

 
(20
)
 
54

Employer contributions
153

 
65

 
188

 
486

 
23

 
15

Participant contributions

 

 
13

 
13

 
11

 
13

Transfer out (a)

 

 

 

 
(65
)
 

Settlements

 
(6
)
 

 
(1
)
 

 

Gross benefits paid
(272
)
 
(251
)
 
(381
)
 
(345
)
 
(53
)
 
(55
)
Currency conversion

 

 
(479
)
 
646

 

 

Plan assets at fair value, end of period
3,109

 
3,488

 
7,801

 
8,490

 
301

 
405

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funded Status, end of period
$
(774
)
 
$
(800
)
 
$
526

 
$
271

 
$
(237
)
 
$
(184
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Noncurrent asset
$

 
$

 
$
535

 
$
284

 
$
2

 
$
2

Current liability
(13
)
 
(13
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Noncurrent liability
(761
)
 
(787
)
 
(8
)
 
(13
)
 
(236
)
 
(183
)
Net amount recognized, end of period
$
(774
)
 
$
(800
)
 
$
526

 
$
271

 
$
(237
)
 
$
(184
)
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities (pre-tax) consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost (credit)
$
40

 
$
49

 
$
12

 
$

 
$
10

 
$
9

Net actuarial (gain) loss
1,207

 
1,134

 
2,806

 
2,755

 
24

 
16

Total (b)
$
1,247

 
$
1,183

 
$
2,818

 
$
2,755

 
$
34

 
$
25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total accumulated benefit obligation
for defined benefit pension plans
$
3,668

 
$
4,000

 
$
6,689

 
$
7,542

 
 

 
 



(a)
In May 2018, PPL received a favorable private letter ruling from the IRS permitting a transfer of excess funds from the PPL Bargaining Unit Retiree Health Plan VEBA to a new subaccount within the VEBA to be used to pay medical claims of active bargaining unit employees.
(b)
WPD is not subject to accounting for the effects of certain types of regulation as prescribed by GAAP and as a result, does not record regulatory assets/liabilities.

For PPL's U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plans, the amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities at December 31 were as follows:
 
U.S. Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
AOCI
$
370

 
$
374

 
$
21

 
$
15

Regulatory assets/liabilities
877

 
809

 
13

 
10

Total
$
1,247

 
$
1,183

 
$
34

 
$
25

Schedule of Projected or Accumulated Benefit Obligations In Excess of Plan Assets
The following tables provide information on pension plans where the projected benefit obligation (PBO) or accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) exceed the fair value of plan assets:
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
PBO in excess of plan assets
 
PBO in excess of plan assets
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Projected benefit obligation
$
3,883

 
$
4,288

 
$
9

 
$
3,083

Fair value of plan assets
3,109

 
3,488

 

 
3,070

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
ABO in excess of plan assets
 
ABO in excess of plan assets
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Accumulated benefit obligation
$
3,668

 
$
4,000

 
$
9

 
$
10

Fair value of plan assets
3,109

 
3,488

 

 

Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.S. Pension Trusts Assets
The asset allocation for the trust and the target allocation by portfolio at December 31 are as follows:
 
Percentage of trust assets
 
2018
 
2018 (a)
 
2017 (a)
 
Target Asset
Allocation (a)
Growth Portfolio
55
%
 
56
%
 
55
%
Equity securities
30
%
 
32
%
 
 
Debt securities (b)
15
%
 
14
%
 
 
Alternative investments
10
%
 
10
%
 
 
Immunizing Portfolio
43
%
 
43
%
 
43
%
Debt securities (b)
39
%
 
39
%
 
 
Derivatives
4
%
 
4
%
 
 
Liquidity Portfolio
2
%
 
1
%
 
2
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
(a)
Allocations exclude consideration of a group annuity contract held by the LG&E and KU Retirement Plan.
(b)
Includes commingled debt funds, which PPL treats as debt securities for asset allocation purposes.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of net assets in the Master Trust by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
220

 
$
220

 
$

 
$

 
$
301

 
$
301

 
$

 
$

Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Equity
159

 
159

 

 

 
229

 
229

 

 

U.S. Equity fund measured at NAV (a)
340

 

 

 

 
364

 

 

 

International equity fund at NAV (a)
466

 

 

 

 
538

 

 

 

Commingled debt measured at NAV (a)
543

 

 

 

 
611

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and U.S. government sponsored
agency
212

 
212

 

 

 
186

 
186

 

 

Corporate
899

 

 
874

 
25

 
883

 

 
870

 
13

Other
17

 

 
17

 

 
10

 

 
10

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Real estate measured at NAV (a)
90

 

 

 

 
109

 

 

 

Private equity measured at NAV (a)
65

 

 

 

 
80

 

 

 

Hedge funds measured at NAV (a)
175

 

 

 

 
175

 

 

 

 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Derivatives
33

 

 
33

 

 
51

 

 
51

 

Insurance contracts
21

 

 

 
21

 
24

 

 

 
24

PPL Services Corporation Master Trust assets, at
fair value
3,240

 
$
591

 
$
924

 
$
46

 
3,561

 
$
716

 
$
931

 
$
37

Receivables and payables, net (b)
(2
)
 


 
 

 
 

 
72

 
 

 
 

 
 

401(h) accounts restricted for other
postretirement benefit obligations
(129
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(145
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

Total PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
pension assets
$
3,109

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
3,488

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Reconciliation of U.S. Pension Trust Assets Classified as Level 3 Included in Earnings
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2018 is as follows:
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
11

 
(4
)
 
7

Balance at end of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46

 
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2017 is as follows: 
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
27

 
$
40

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date

 
1

 
1

Purchases, sales and settlements

 
(4
)
 
(4
)
Balance at end of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Schedules of Target Allocation of U.S. Other Postretirement Benefit Plans VEBA Trust
The asset allocation for the PPL VEBA trusts, excluding LKE, and the target allocation, by asset class, at December 31 are detailed below.
 
Percentage of plan assets
 
Target Asset
Allocation
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Asset Class
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Equity securities
40
%
 
47
%
 
45
%
Debt securities (a)
56
%
 
49
%
 
50
%
Cash and cash equivalents (b)
4
%
 
4
%
 
5
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 

(a)
Includes commingled debt funds and debt securities.
(b)
Includes money market funds.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Postretirement Benefits
The fair value of assets in the U.S. other postretirement benefit plans by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Money market funds
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

 
$
10

 
$
10

 
$

 
$

U.S. Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Large-cap equity fund measure at NAV (a)
69

 

 

 

 
123

 

 

 

Commingled debt fund measured at NAV (a)
68

 

 

 

 
96

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Corporate bonds
28

 

 
28

 

 
30

 

 
30

 

Total VEBA trust assets, at fair value
171

 
$
6

 
$
28

 
$

 
259

 
$
10

 
$
30

 
$

Receivables and payables, net (b)
1

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
1

 
 

 
 

 
 
401(h) account assets
129

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
145

 
 

 
 

 
 
Total other postretirement benefit plan assets
$
301

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
405

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables represent amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.K. Pension Plan Assets
The asset allocation and target allocation at December 31 of WPD's pension plans are detailed below.
 
 
 
 
 
Target Asset
 
Percentage of plan assets
 
Allocation
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
Asset Class
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
2
%
 
2
%
 
%
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
U.K.
%
 
2
%
 
2
%
European (excluding the U.K.)
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
Asian-Pacific
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
North American
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
Emerging markets
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
Global equities
19
%
 
16
%
 
10
%
Global Tactical Asset Allocation
31
%
 
33
%
 
41
%
Debt securities (a)
38
%
 
37
%
 
38
%
Alternative investments
6
%
 
6
%
 
5
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 

(a)
Includes commingled debt funds.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.K. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of assets in the U.K. pension plans by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents
$
147

 
$
147

 
$

 
$

 
$
216

 
$
216

 
$

 
$

Equity securities measured at NAV (a) :
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
U.K. companies
27

 

 

 

 
157

 

 

 

European companies (excluding the U.K.)
76

 

 

 

 
98

 

 

 

Asian-Pacific companies
49

 

 

 

 
60

 

 

 

North American companies
105

 

 

 

 
123

 

 

 

Emerging markets companies
44

 

 

 

 
62

 

 

 

Global Equities
1,465

 

 

 

 
1,335

 

 

 

Other
2,437

 

 

 

 
2,807

 

 

 

Debt Securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
U.K. corporate bonds
4

 

 
4

 

 
3

 

 
3

 

U.K. gilts
2,933

 

 
2,933

 

 
3,137

 

 
3,137

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Real estate measured at NAV (a)
485

 

 

 

 
492

 

 

 

Fair value - U.K. pension plans
7,772

 
$
147

 
$
2,937

 
$

 
8,490

 
$
216

 
$
3,140

 
$

Receivables and payables, net (b)
29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total U.K. pension assets
$
7,801

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
8,490

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Schedule of Expected Cash Flows - U.S. Defined Benefit Plans - Expected Payments and Related Federal Subsidy
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plans and the following federal subsidy payments are expected to be received by PPL.
 
 
 
Other Postretirement
 
Pension
 
Benefit
Payment
 
Expected
Federal
Subsidy
2019
$
274

 
$
50

 
$

2020
266

 
50

 
1

2021
265

 
49

 

2022
265

 
48

 
1

2023
264

 
46

 

2024-2028
1,290

 
210

 
1

Schedule of Expected Cash Flows - U.K. Pension Plans - Expected Payments
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plans.
 
Pension
2019
$
337

2020
340

2021
344

2022
349

2023
352

2024-2028
1,781

Expected Employer Contributions to U.S. Savings Plans
Substantially all employees of PPL's subsidiaries are eligible to participate in deferred savings plans (401(k)s). Employer contributions to the plans were:
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
PPL
$
40

 
$
36

 
$
35

PPL Electric
6

 
6

 
6

LKE
20

 
18

 
17

LG&E
6

 
5

 
5

KU
5

 
4

 
4

PPL Electric Utilities Corp [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
Allocations to PPL Electric resulted in liabilities at December 31 as follows:

 
2018
 
2017
Pension
$
285

 
$
246

Other postretirement benefits
120

 
62

LG And E And KU Energy LLC [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule Of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs (Credits)
The following table provides the components of net periodic defined benefit costs for LKE's pension and other postretirement benefit plans for the years ended December 31.
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Net periodic defined benefit costs (credits):
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Service cost
$
25

 
$
24

 
$
23

 
$
4

 
$
4

 
$
5

Interest cost
63

 
68

 
71

 
8

 
9

 
9

Expected return on plan assets
(102
)
 
(92
)
 
(91
)
 
(9
)
 
(7
)
 
(6
)
Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost
9

 
8

 
8

 
1

 
1

 
3

Actuarial (gain) loss (a)
35

 
31

 
21

 

 

 
(1
)
Net periodic defined benefit costs (b)
$
30

 
$
39

 
$
32

 
$
4

 
$
7

 
$
10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in OCI and
Regulatory Assets/Liabilities - Gross:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Net (gain) loss
$
40

 
$
30

 
$
119

 
$
1

 
$
(14
)
 
$
6

Prior service cost

 
7

 

 

 
8

 

Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service credit
(9
)
 
(8
)
 
(8
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
Actuarial gain (loss)
(35
)
 
(32
)
 
(21
)
 

 

 
1

Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
(4
)
 
(3
)
 
90

 

 
(7
)
 
4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total recognized in net periodic
defined benefit costs, OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
$
26

 
$
36

 
$
122

 
$
4

 
$

 
$
14

 
(a)
As a result of the 2014 Kentucky rate case settlement that became effective July 1, 2015, the difference between actuarial (gain)/loss calculated in accordance with LKE's pension accounting policy and actuarial (gain)/loss calculated using a 15 year amortization period was $11 million in 2018 and 2017 and $6 million in 2016.
(b)
Due to the amount of lump sum payment distributions from the LG&E qualified pension plan, a settlement charge of $6 million in 2018 and $5 million in 2017 was incurred. In accordance with existing regulatory accounting treatment, LG&E has maintained the settlement charge in regulatory assets. The amount will be amortized in accordance with existing regulatory practice.

Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income and Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
For LKE's pension and other postretirement benefits, the amounts recognized in OCI and regulatory assets/liabilities for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
OCI
$
(25
)
 
$
33

 
$
42

 
$
4

 
$
(2
)
 
$
2

Regulatory assets/liabilities
21

 
(36
)
 
48

 
(4
)
 
(5
)
 
2

Total recognized in OCI and
regulatory assets/liabilities
$
(4
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
90

 
$

 
$
(7
)
 
$
4

Defined Benefit Plan Assumptions and Impact of One Point Change on Postretirement Plans
 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the valuation of the benefit obligations at December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
2.98
%
 
2.65
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.78
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.75
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.69
%
 
 

 
 

 
4.32
%
 
3.65
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.33
%
 
3.65
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic defined benefit costs for the years ended December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate service cost
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
4.59
%
 
2.73
%
 
2.99
%
 
3.90
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
 
4.48
%
Discount rate interest cost
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
4.59
%
 
2.31
%
 
2.41
%
 
3.14
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
 
4.48
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.78
%
 
3.95
%
 
3.93
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
4.00
%
 
3.75
%
 
3.92
%
 
3.91
%
Expected return on plan assets
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.23
%
 
7.22
%
 
7.20
%
 
6.40
%
 
6.21
%
 
6.11
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.69
%
 
4.19
%
 
4.56
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.65
%
 
4.12
%
 
4.49
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
7.15
%
 
6.82
%
 
6.82
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.65
%
 
4.13
%
 
4.49
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
The expected long-term rates of return for pension and other postretirement benefits are based on management's projections using a best-estimate of expected returns, volatilities and correlations for each asset class. Each plan's specific current and expected asset allocations are also considered in developing a reasonable return assumption.


(PPL and LKE)
 
The following table provides the assumed health care cost trend rates for the years ended December 31:
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
PPL and LKE
 
 
 
 
 
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
6.6
%
 
6.6
%
 
7.0
%
– cost
6.6
%
 
7.0
%
 
6.8
%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
– cost
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
 
5.0
%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate
 
 
 
 
 
– obligations
2023

 
2022

 
2022

– cost
2022

 
2022

 
2020


Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
The funded status of LKE's plans at December 31 was as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Change in Benefit Obligation
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Benefit Obligation, beginning of period
$
1,771

 
$
1,669

 
$
223

 
$
220

Service cost
25

 
24

 
4

 
4

Interest cost
63

 
68

 
8

 
9

Participant contributions

 

 
8

 
8

Plan amendments (a)

 
6

 

 
8

Actuarial (gain) loss (b)
(168
)
 
113

 
(16
)
 
(7
)
Gross benefits paid (a)
(111
)
 
(109
)
 
(22
)
 
(19
)
Benefit Obligation, end of period
1,580

 
1,771

 
205

 
223

 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in Plan Assets
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Plan assets at fair value, beginning of period
1,402

 
1,315

 
116

 
98

Actual return on plan assets
(106
)
 
175

 
(9
)
 
14

Employer contributions
109

 
21

 
24

 
15

Participant contributions

 

 
8

 
8

Gross benefits paid
(111
)
 
(109
)
 
(22
)
 
(19
)
Plan assets at fair value, end of period
1,294

 
1,402

 
117

 
116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funded Status, end of period
$
(286
)
 
$
(369
)
 
$
(88
)
 
$
(107
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Noncurrent asset
$

 
$

 
$
2

 
$
2

Current liability
(4
)
 
(4
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Noncurrent liability
(282
)
 
(365
)
 
(87
)
 
(106
)
Net amount recognized, end of period
$
(286
)
 
$
(369
)
 
$
(88
)
 
$
(107
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities (pre-tax) consist of:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost
$
35

 
$
44

 
$
12

 
$
13

Net actuarial (gain) loss
439

 
434

 
(25
)
 
(26
)
Total
$
474

 
$
478

 
$
(13
)
 
$
(13
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total accumulated benefit obligation
for defined benefit pension plans
$
1,467

 
$
1,616

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
The pension plans were amended in December 2015 to allow active participants and terminated vested participants who had not previously elected a form of payment of their benefit to elect to receive their accrued pension benefit as a one-time lump-sum payment effective January 1, 2016. Gross benefits paid by the plans include lump-sum cash payments made to participants during 2018 and 2017 of $52 million and $50 million in connection with these offerings.
(b)
The actuarial (gain) loss for all pension plans in 2018 and 2017 was primarily related to change in the discount rate used to measure the benefit obligations of those plans.

The amounts recognized in AOCI and regulatory assets/liabilities at December 31 were as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
AOCI
$
118

 
$
144

 
$
10

 
$
6

Regulatory assets/liabilities
356

 
334

 
(23
)
 
(19
)
Total
$
474

 
$
478

 
$
(13
)
 
$
(13
)
Schedule of Projected or Accumulated Benefit Obligations In Excess of Plan Assets
The following tables provide information on pension plans where the projected benefit obligation (PBO) or accumulated benefit obligations (ABO) exceed the fair value of plan assets: 
 
PBO in excess of plan assets
 
2018
 
2017
Projected benefit obligation
$
1,580

 
$
1,771

Fair value of plan assets
1,294

 
1,402

 
 
 
 
 
ABO in excess of plan assets
 
2018
 
2017
Accumulated benefit obligation
$
1,467

 
$
1,616

Fair value of plan assets
1,294

 
1,402

Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.S. Pension Trusts Assets
The asset allocation for the trust and the target allocation by portfolio at December 31 are as follows:
 
Percentage of trust assets
 
2018
 
2018 (a)
 
2017 (a)
 
Target Asset
Allocation (a)
Growth Portfolio
55
%
 
56
%
 
55
%
Equity securities
30
%
 
32
%
 
 
Debt securities (b)
15
%
 
14
%
 
 
Alternative investments
10
%
 
10
%
 
 
Immunizing Portfolio
43
%
 
43
%
 
43
%
Debt securities (b)
39
%
 
39
%
 
 
Derivatives
4
%
 
4
%
 
 
Liquidity Portfolio
2
%
 
1
%
 
2
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
(a)
Allocations exclude consideration of a group annuity contract held by the LG&E and KU Retirement Plan.
(b)
Includes commingled debt funds, which PPL treats as debt securities for asset allocation purposes.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of net assets in the Master Trust by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
220

 
$
220

 
$

 
$

 
$
301

 
$
301

 
$

 
$

Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Equity
159

 
159

 

 

 
229

 
229

 

 

U.S. Equity fund measured at NAV (a)
340

 

 

 

 
364

 

 

 

International equity fund at NAV (a)
466

 

 

 

 
538

 

 

 

Commingled debt measured at NAV (a)
543

 

 

 

 
611

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and U.S. government sponsored
agency
212

 
212

 

 

 
186

 
186

 

 

Corporate
899

 

 
874

 
25

 
883

 

 
870

 
13

Other
17

 

 
17

 

 
10

 

 
10

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Real estate measured at NAV (a)
90

 

 

 

 
109

 

 

 

Private equity measured at NAV (a)
65

 

 

 

 
80

 

 

 

Hedge funds measured at NAV (a)
175

 

 

 

 
175

 

 

 

 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Derivatives
33

 

 
33

 

 
51

 

 
51

 

Insurance contracts
21

 

 

 
21

 
24

 

 

 
24

PPL Services Corporation Master Trust assets, at
fair value
3,240

 
$
591

 
$
924

 
$
46

 
3,561

 
$
716

 
$
931

 
$
37

Receivables and payables, net (b)
(2
)
 


 
 

 
 

 
72

 
 

 
 

 
 

401(h) accounts restricted for other
postretirement benefit obligations
(129
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(145
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

Total PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
pension assets
$
3,109

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
3,488

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Reconciliation of U.S. Pension Trust Assets Classified as Level 3 Included in Earnings
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2018 is as follows:
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
11

 
(4
)
 
7

Balance at end of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46

 
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2017 is as follows: 
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
27

 
$
40

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date

 
1

 
1

Purchases, sales and settlements

 
(4
)
 
(4
)
Balance at end of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Postretirement Benefits
The fair value of assets in the U.S. other postretirement benefit plans by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Money market funds
$
6

 
$
6

 
$

 
$

 
$
10

 
$
10

 
$

 
$

U.S. Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Large-cap equity fund measure at NAV (a)
69

 

 

 

 
123

 

 

 

Commingled debt fund measured at NAV (a)
68

 

 

 

 
96

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Corporate bonds
28

 

 
28

 

 
30

 

 
30

 

Total VEBA trust assets, at fair value
171

 
$
6

 
$
28

 
$

 
259

 
$
10

 
$
30

 
$

Receivables and payables, net (b)
1

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
1

 
 

 
 

 
 
401(h) account assets
129

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
145

 
 

 
 

 
 
Total other postretirement benefit plan assets
$
301

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
405

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables represent amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Schedule of Expected Cash Flows - U.S. Defined Benefit Plans - Expected Payments and Related Federal Subsidy
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plans and the following federal subsidy payments are expected to be received by LKE.
 
 
 
Other Postretirement
 
Pension
 
Benefit
Payment
 
Expected
Federal
Subsidy
2019
$
112

 
$
15

 
$

2020
112

 
15

 

2021
113

 
16

 

2022
113

 
16

 
1

2023
112

 
16

 

2024-2028
547

 
78

 
1

Louisville Gas And Electric Co [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule Of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs (Credits)
The following table provides the components of net periodic defined benefit costs for LG&E's pension benefit plan for the years ended December 31.
 
Pension Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Net periodic defined benefit costs (credits):
 

 
 

 
 

Service cost
$
1

 
$
1

 
$
1

Interest cost
12

 
13

 
15

Expected return on plan assets
(22
)
 
(22
)
 
(21
)
Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service cost
5

 
5

 
4

Actuarial loss (a)
7

 
9

 
7

Net periodic defined benefit costs (b)
$
3

 
$
6

 
$
6

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations
Recognized in Regulatory Assets - Gross:
 

 
 

 
 

Net (gain) loss
$
22

 
$
(9
)
 
$
22

Prior service cost

 
7

 

Amortization of:
 

 
 

 
 

Prior service credit
(5
)
 
(5
)
 
(4
)
Actuarial gain
(7
)
 
(9
)
 
(7
)
Total recognized in regulatory assets/liabilities
10

 
(16
)
 
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total recognized in net periodic defined benefit costs and regulatory assets
$
13

 
$
(10
)
 
$
17

 
(a)
As a result of the 2014 Kentucky rate case settlement that became effective July 1, 2015, the difference between actuarial (gain)/loss calculated in accordance with LG&E's pension accounting policy and actuarial (gain)/loss calculated using a 15 year amortization period was $2 million in 2018, $7 million in 2017 and $5 million in 2016.
(b)
Due to the amount of lump sum payment distributions from the LG&E qualified pension plan, a settlement charge of $6 million in 2018 and $5 million in 2017 was incurred. In accordance with existing regulatory accounting treatment, LG&E has maintained the settlement charge in regulatory assets. The amount will be amortized in accordance with existing regulatory practice.
Schedule of Net Periodic Defined Benefit Costs Included in Income Statement
In the table above, LG&E amounts include costs for the specific plans it sponsors and the following allocated costs of defined benefit plans sponsored by LKE. LG&E is also allocated costs of defined benefit plans from LKS for defined benefit plans sponsored by LKE. See Note 14 for additional information on costs allocated to LG&E from LKS. These allocations are based on LG&E's participation in those plans, which management believes are reasonable:
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
LG&E Non-Union Only
$
2

 
$
5

 
$
4

 
$
2

 
$
3

 
$
3

Defined Benefit Plan Assumptions and Impact of One Point Change on Postretirement Plans
 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in the valuation of the benefit obligations at December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.70
%
 
2.98
%
 
2.65
%
 
4.31
%
 
3.64
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.79
%
 
3.78
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.76
%
 
3.75
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.35
%
 
3.69
%
 
 

 
 

 
4.32
%
 
3.65
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
4.33
%
 
3.65
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic defined benefit costs for the years ended December 31. The U.K. pension benefits apply to PPL only.
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S.
 
U.K.
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
PPL
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate service cost
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
4.59
%
 
2.73
%
 
2.99
%
 
3.90
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
 
4.48
%
Discount rate interest cost
3.70
%
 
4.21
%
 
4.59
%
 
2.31
%
 
2.41
%
 
3.14
%
 
3.64
%
 
4.11
%
 
4.48
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.78
%
 
3.95
%
 
3.93
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
4.00
%
 
3.75
%
 
3.92
%
 
3.91
%
Expected return on plan assets
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.23
%
 
7.22
%
 
7.20
%
 
6.40
%
 
6.21
%
 
6.11
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LKE
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.69
%
 
4.19
%
 
4.56
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.65
%
 
4.12
%
 
4.49
%
Rate of compensation increase
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
 
3.50
%
Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
7.15
%
 
6.82
%
 
6.82
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LG&E
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Discount rate
3.65
%
 
4.13
%
 
4.49
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Expected return on plan assets (a)
7.25
%
 
7.00
%
 
7.00
%
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
The expected long-term rates of return for pension and other postretirement benefits are based on management's projections using a best-estimate of expected returns, volatilities and correlations for each asset class. Each plan's specific current and expected asset allocations are also considered in developing a reasonable return assumption.

Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
Allocations to LG&E resulted in liabilities at December 31 as follows:
 
2018
 
2017
Pension
$
7

 
$
44

Other postretirement benefits
65

 
74

(LG&E)

The funded status of LG&E's plan at December 31, was as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
2018
 
2017
Change in Benefit Obligation
 

 
 

Benefit Obligation, beginning of period
$
326

 
$
329

Service cost
1

 
1

Interest cost
12

 
13

Plan amendments (a)

 
6

Actuarial (gain) loss
(24
)
 
11

Gross benefits paid (a)
(30
)
 
(34
)
Benefit Obligation, end of period
285

 
326

 
 
 
 
Change in Plan Assets
 

 
 

Plan assets at fair value, beginning of period
325

 
318

Actual return on plan assets
(24
)
 
41

Employer contributions
10

 

Gross benefits paid
(30
)
 
(34
)
Plan assets at fair value, end of period
281

 
325

 
 
 
 
Funded Status, end of period
$
(4
)
 
$
(1
)
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
 

 
 

Noncurrent liability
$
(4
)
 
$
(1
)
Net amount recognized, end of period
$
(4
)
 
$
(1
)
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in regulatory assets (pre-tax) consist of:
 

 
 

Prior service cost
$
22

 
$
27

Net actuarial loss
107

 
92

Total
$
129

 
$
119

 
 
 
 
Total accumulated benefit obligation for defined benefit pension plan
$
285

 
$
326

 
(a)
The pension plan was amended in December 2015 to allow active participants and terminated vested participants who had not previously elected a form of payment of their benefit to elect to receive their accrued pension benefit as a one-time lump-sum payment effective January 1, 2016. Gross benefits paid by the plan include lump-sum cash payments made to participants during 2018 and 2017 of $16 million and $19 million in connection with this offering.
Schedules of Asset Allocation of U.S. Pension Trusts Assets
The asset allocation for the trust and the target allocation by portfolio at December 31 are as follows:
 
Percentage of trust assets
 
2018
 
2018 (a)
 
2017 (a)
 
Target Asset
Allocation (a)
Growth Portfolio
55
%
 
56
%
 
55
%
Equity securities
30
%
 
32
%
 
 
Debt securities (b)
15
%
 
14
%
 
 
Alternative investments
10
%
 
10
%
 
 
Immunizing Portfolio
43
%
 
43
%
 
43
%
Debt securities (b)
39
%
 
39
%
 
 
Derivatives
4
%
 
4
%
 
 
Liquidity Portfolio
2
%
 
1
%
 
2
%
Total
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
(a)
Allocations exclude consideration of a group annuity contract held by the LG&E and KU Retirement Plan.
(b)
Includes commingled debt funds, which PPL treats as debt securities for asset allocation purposes.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets for U.S. Pension Plan Assets
The fair value of net assets in the Master Trust by asset class and level within the fair value hierarchy was:
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
$
220

 
$
220

 
$

 
$

 
$
301

 
$
301

 
$

 
$

Equity securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Equity
159

 
159

 

 

 
229

 
229

 

 

U.S. Equity fund measured at NAV (a)
340

 

 

 

 
364

 

 

 

International equity fund at NAV (a)
466

 

 

 

 
538

 

 

 

Commingled debt measured at NAV (a)
543

 

 

 

 
611

 

 

 

Debt securities:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

U.S. Treasury and U.S. government sponsored
agency
212

 
212

 

 

 
186

 
186

 

 

Corporate
899

 

 
874

 
25

 
883

 

 
870

 
13

Other
17

 

 
17

 

 
10

 

 
10

 

Alternative investments:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Real estate measured at NAV (a)
90

 

 

 

 
109

 

 

 

Private equity measured at NAV (a)
65

 

 

 

 
80

 

 

 

Hedge funds measured at NAV (a)
175

 

 

 

 
175

 

 

 

 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Derivatives
33

 

 
33

 

 
51

 

 
51

 

Insurance contracts
21

 

 

 
21

 
24

 

 

 
24

PPL Services Corporation Master Trust assets, at
fair value
3,240

 
$
591

 
$
924

 
$
46

 
3,561

 
$
716

 
$
931

 
$
37

Receivables and payables, net (b)
(2
)
 


 
 

 
 

 
72

 
 

 
 

 
 

401(h) accounts restricted for other
postretirement benefit obligations
(129
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(145
)
 
 

 
 

 
 

Total PPL Services Corporation Master Trust
pension assets
$
3,109

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
$
3,488

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
(a)
In accordance with accounting guidance certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (NAV), or its equivalent, practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the statement of financial position.
(b)
Receivables and payables, net represents amounts for investments sold/purchased but not yet settled along with interest and dividends earned but not yet received.
Reconciliation of U.S. Pension Trust Assets Classified as Level 3 Included in Earnings
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2018 is as follows:
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date
(2
)
 
1

 
(1
)
Relating to assets sold during the period
3

 

 
3

Purchases, sales and settlements
11

 
(4
)
 
7

Balance at end of period
$
25

 
$
21

 
$
46

 
A reconciliation of the Master Trust assets classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2017 is as follows: 
 
Corporate
debt
 
Insurance
contracts
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period
$
13

 
$
27

 
$
40

Actual return on plan assets
 
 
 
 
 
Relating to assets still held at the reporting date

 
1

 
1

Purchases, sales and settlements

 
(4
)
 
(4
)
Balance at end of period
$
13

 
$
24

 
$
37

Schedule of Expected Cash Flows - U.S. Defined Benefit Plans - Expected Payments and Related Federal Subsidy
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the plan.
 
Pension
2019
$
25

2020
25

2021
24

2022
23

2023
22

2024-2028
95

Kentucky Utilities Co [Member]  
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]  
Schedule of Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plans
Allocations to KU resulted in liabilities at December 31 as follows.
 
2018
 
2017
Pension
$
1

 
$
36

Other postretirement benefits
25

 
32