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Revenue
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Revenue
Revenue Disaggregated by Service Type

In 2024, Kelly has four operating segments: Professional & Industrial (“P&I”), Science, Engineering & Technology (“SET”), Education, and Outsourcing & Consulting Group ("Outsourcing & Consulting," "OCG"). Prior to 2024, the Company also had an International operating segment (see Segment Disclosures footnote). The 2023 P&I segment information has been recast to conform to the new structure. Other than OCG, each segment delivers talent through staffing services, permanent placement or outcome-based services. Our OCG segment delivers talent solutions including managed service provider ("MSP"), payroll process outsourcing ("PPO"), recruitment process outsourcing ("RPO"), and talent advisory services.

The following table presents our segment revenues disaggregated by service type (in millions of dollars):

First Quarter
20242023
Professional & Industrial
Staffing services$231.2 $268.6 
Permanent placement2.7 4.6 
Outcome-based services124.5 129.4 
Total Professional & Industrial358.4 402.6 
Science, Engineering & Technology
Staffing services195.2 202.3 
Permanent placement4.2 5.5 
Outcome-based services89.9 98.6 
Total Science, Engineering & Technology289.3 306.4 
Education
Staffing services288.8 247.6 
Permanent placement1.1 1.8 
Total Education289.9 249.4 
Outsourcing & Consulting
Talent solutions108.0 114.6 
Total Outsourcing & Consulting108.0 114.6 
International
Staffing services— 190.2 
Permanent placement— 5.6 
Total International— 195.8 
Total Intersegment(0.5)(0.5)
Total Revenue from Services$1,045.1 $1,268.3 
Revenue Disaggregated by Geography

Our operations are subject to different economic and regulatory environments depending on geographic location. Our P&I and Education segments operate in the Americas region, our SET segment operates in the Americas and Europe regions, and OCG operates in the Americas, Europe and Asia-Pacific regions. In 2023, our International segment included our staffing operations in Europe as well as Mexico, which is included in the Americas region. After the sale of the Company's EMEA staffing operations in January 2024 (see Disposition footnote), the Mexico operations, which were previously in our International segment, are now included in our P&I segment.

The below table presents our revenues disaggregated by geography (in millions of dollars):

First Quarter
20242023
Americas
United States$933.6 $959.2 
Canada45.4 44.9 
Puerto Rico24.9 26.9 
Mexico18.9 16.7 
Total Americas Region1,022.8 1,047.7 
Europe
Switzerland1.1 52.9 
France— 47.8 
Portugal— 44.4 
Italy— 16.9 
Other9.7 47.7 
Total Europe Region10.8 209.7 
Total Asia-Pacific Region11.5 10.9 
Total Kelly Services, Inc.$1,045.1 $1,268.3 
The below table presents revenues from our SET, OCG and former International segment, which previously included our Mexico operations, disaggregated by geographic region, (in millions of dollars):
First Quarter
20242023
Science, Engineering & Technology
Americas$286.2 $302.1 
Europe3.1 4.3 
Total Science, Engineering & Technology$289.3 $306.4 
Outsourcing & Consulting
Americas$88.8 $94.1 
Europe7.7 9.6 
Asia-Pacific11.5 10.9 
Total Outsourcing & Consulting$108.0 $114.6 
International
Europe$— $195.8 
Total International$— $195.8 

Deferred Costs

Deferred fulfillment costs, which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet, were $2.3 million as of first quarter-end 2024 and $3.4 million as of year-end 2023. Amortization expense for the deferred costs in the first quarter of 2024 and 2023 was $2.4 million.