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Fair Value Measurements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or the price paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

The following table provides the carrying value and fair value of financial instruments that are not carried at fair value at December 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
2017
 
2016
In thousands
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
Long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Level 1
 
$

 
$

 
$
113,203

 
$
170,935

Level 2
 
405,602

 
428,432

 
303,855

 
279,582

Total
 
$
405,602

 
$
428,432

 
$
417,058

 
$
450,517



The above fair values were computed based on quoted market prices (Level 1 and 2) and discounted future cash flows (Level 2 observable inputs), as applicable. Differences from carrying values are attributable to interest rate changes subsequent to when the transactions occurred. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net, and accounts payable - trade approximate their carrying amounts due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.

4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (CONTINUED)

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company holds derivative instruments for foreign exchange contracts and interest rate swaps that are measured at fair value using observable market inputs such as forward rates and our counterparties’ credit risks. Based on these inputs, the derivative instruments are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy and have been included in Other current assets and Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2017 and 2016. Based on the continued ability to trade and enter into forward contracts and interest rate swaps, the Company considers the markets for the fair value instruments to be active.

The Company evaluated the credit risk associated with the counterparties to these derivative instruments and determined that as of December 31, 2017, such credit risks have not had an adverse impact on the fair value of these instruments.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for possible impairment during the fourth quarter of each year. The nonrecurring fair value measurement for goodwill was developed using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). For step-one of the impairment analysis, the primary valuation technique used was an income methodology based on management’s estimates of forecasted cash flows for each business unit, with those cash flows discounted to present value using rates commensurate with the risks associated with those cash flows. In addition, management used a market-based valuation method involving analysis of market multiples of revenues and EBITDA for a group of comparable public companies.