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SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
Sales between operating segments are made based on estimated fair market value, and intercompany sales, purchases and profits (losses) are eliminated in consolidation. We evaluate financial performance based on segment operating income and Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”). Asset information is not reported by segment, as we do not produce asset information by segment internally.
Operating income as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income is equal to segment income. Certain income (loss) items in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income are not allocated to segments. These items, which include interest expense, miscellaneous income (expense) and income tax expense, are not considered by management to be part of segment operations and are included under “unallocated interest expense and other.”
The following tables summarize the segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
 Three Months Ended March 31,
SALES20232022
Southern Timber$71,842 $76,763 
Pacific Northwest Timber34,419 46,281 
New Zealand Timber44,105 51,389 
Real Estate16,276 34,195 
Trading12,569 13,461 
Intersegment Eliminations (a)(129)(48)
Total$179,082 $222,041 
(a)Primarily consists of log marketing fees paid to our Trading segment from our Southern Timber and Pacific Northwest Timber segments for marketing log export sales.

Three Months Ended March 31,
OPERATING INCOME20232022
Southern Timber$22,223 $30,342 
Pacific Northwest Timber(3,543)6,606 
New Zealand Timber (a)(663)5,392 
Real Estate883 10,181 
Trading341 351 
Corporate and Other(8,619)(7,554)
Total Operating Income10,622 45,318 
Unallocated interest expense and other (b)(2,146)(8,805)
Total Income before Income Taxes$8,476 $36,513 
(a)The three months ended March 31, 2023 includes a $2.3 million timber write-off resulting from a casualty event. Timber write-offs resulting from a casualty event are recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income under the caption “Cost of Sales”.
(b)The three months ended March 31, 2023 includes a $9.1 million net recovery associated with a legal settlement.
 Three Months Ended March 31,
DEPRECIATION, DEPLETION AND AMORTIZATION20232022
Southern Timber$20,610 $18,059 
Pacific Northwest Timber10,650 14,916 
New Zealand Timber 4,455 4,989 
Real Estate1,503 9,145 
Corporate and Other 381 310 
Total$37,599 $47,419 

Three Months Ended March 31,
NON-CASH COST OF LAND AND IMPROVED DEVELOPMENT20232022
Real Estate$4,208 $5,359 
Total$4,208 $5,359