COMMITMENTS

The Company leases certain buildings, machinery and equipment under various operating leases. Total rental expense for operating leases for the three years ended December 31:



	2017		2016		2015
Operating Leases		$1,992		$2,049		$2,349

The Company also has long-term lease agreements on certain timberlands in the Southern U.S. and New Zealand. U.S. leases typically have initial terms of approximately 30 to 65 years, with renewal provisions in some cases. New Zealand timberland lease terms range between 30 and 99 years. Such leases are generally non-cancellable and require minimum annual rental payments. Total expenditures for long-term leases and deeds on timberlands (including Crown Forest Licenses) for the three years ended December 31:



	2017		2016		2015
Long-Term Leases and Deeds on Timberlands		$10,731		$10,710		$11,342

At December 31, 2017, the future minimum payments under non-cancellable operating leases, timberland leases and other commitments were as follows:



	Operating Leases		Timberland Leases (a)		Commitments (b)		Total
2018		$1,135		$9,698		$11,792		$22,625
2019	914		9,303		6,522		16,739
2020	733		9,040		6,277		16,050
2021	639		8,866		4,017		13,522
2022	608		8,817		3,562		12,987
Thereafter (c)	635		155,232		6,245		162,112
		$4,664		$200,956		$38,415		$244,035


(a)	The majority of timberland leases are subject to increases or decreases based on either the Consumer Price Index, Producer Price Index or market rates.

(b)

Commitments include $2.9 million of pension contribution requirements in 2018 based on actuarially determined estimates and IRS minimum funding requirements, payments expected to be made on derivative financial instruments (foreign exchange contracts and interest rate swaps), construction of the Wildlight development project and other purchase obligations. For additional information on the pension contribution see Note 15 — Employee Benefit Plans.

(c)

Includes 20 years of future minimum payments for perpetual Crown Forest Licenses (“CFL”). A CFL consists of a license to use public or government owned land to operate a commercial forest. The CFL's extend indefinitely and may only be terminated upon a 35-year termination notice from the government. If no termination notice is given, the CFLs renew automatically each year for a one-year term. As of December 31, 2017, the New Zealand JV has three CFL’s under termination notice that are currently being relinquished as harvest activities are concluding, as well as two fixed term CFL’s expiring in 2062. The annual license fee is determined based on current market rental value, with triennial rent reviews.