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Lending Activities
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Lending Activities
7. Lending Activities
The following table presents the composition of Mortgage and other loans receivable, net:
(in millions)March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Commercial mortgages(a)
$38,478 $38,009 
Residential mortgages9,241 8,689 
Life insurance policy loans1,753 1,753 
Commercial loans, other loans and notes receivable(b)
3,869 3,940 
Total mortgage and other loans receivable(c)
53,341 52,391 
Allowance for credit losses(c)(d)
(866)(838)
Mortgage and other loans receivable, net(c)
$52,475 $51,553 
(a)Commercial mortgages primarily represent loans for apartments, offices and retail properties, with exposures in New York and California representing the largest geographic concentrations (aggregating approximately 18 percent and 10 percent, respectively, at March 31, 2024 and 18 percent and 11 percent, respectively, at December 31, 2023).
(b)There were no loans that were held for sale carried at lower of cost or market as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
(c)Excludes $37.6 billion at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 of loan receivable from AIG Financial Products Corp. (AIGFP), which has a full allowance for credit losses, recognized upon the deconsolidation of AIGFP. For additional information, see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2023 Annual Report.
(d)Does not include allowance for credit losses of $55 million and $67 million, respectively, at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, in relation to off-balance-sheet commitments to fund commercial mortgage loans, which is recorded in Other liabilities.
Interest income is not accrued when payment of contractual principal and interest is not expected. Any cash received on impaired loans is generally recorded as a reduction of the current carrying amount of the loan. Accrual of interest income is generally resumed when delinquent contractual principal and interest is repaid or when a portion of the delinquent contractual payments are made and the ongoing required contractual payments have been made for an appropriate period. As of March 31, 2024, $32 million and $656 million of residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively, were placed on nonaccrual status. As of December 31, 2023, $27 million and $492 million of residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively, were placed on nonaccrual status.
Accrued interest is presented separately and is included in Accrued investment income on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2024, accrued interest receivable was $34 million and $187 million associated with residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, accrued interest receivable was $20 million and $183 million associated with residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively.
A significant majority of commercial mortgages in the portfolio are non-recourse loans and, accordingly, the only guarantees are for specific items that are exceptions to the non-recourse provisions. It is therefore extremely rare for us to have cause to enforce the provisions of a guarantee on a commercial real estate or mortgage loan.
Nonperforming loans are generally those loans where payment of contractual principal or interest is more than 90 days past due. Nonperforming loans were not significant for any of the periods presented.
CREDIT QUALITY OF COMMERCIAL MORTGAGES
The following table presents debt service coverage ratios(a) for commercial mortgages by year of vintage:
March 31, 202420242023202220212020PriorTotal
(in millions)
>1.2X$659 $2,388 $6,371 $2,577 $1,412 $17,872 $31,279 
1.00 - 1.20X90 420 1,148 1,528 368 2,773 6,327 
<1.00X  50   822 872 
Total commercial mortgages$749 $2,808 $7,569 $4,105 $1,780 $21,467 $38,478 
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
(in millions)
>1.2X$2,555 $6,209 $2,349 $1,387 $4,969 $13,459 $30,928 
1.00 - 1.20X295 1,149 1,574 369 177 2,632 6,196 
<1.00X— 50 — — — 835 885 
Total commercial mortgages$2,850 $7,408 $3,923 $1,756 $5,146 $16,926 $38,009 
The following table presents loan-to-value ratios(b) for commercial mortgages by year of vintage:
March 31, 202420242023202220212020PriorTotal
(in millions)
Less than 65%$749 $2,520 $4,716 $2,858 $1,329 $13,730 $25,902 
65% to 75% 288 2,225 798 286 5,204 8,801 
76% to 80%   99  836 935 
Greater than 80%  628 350 165 1,697 2,840 
Total commercial mortgages$749 $2,808 $7,569 $4,105 $1,780 $21,467 $38,478 
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
(in millions)
Less than 65%$2,446 $4,629 $2,741 $1,303 $2,832 $11,571 $25,522 
65% to 75%290 1,763 794 288 1,937 3,220 8,292 
76% to 80%— 375 99 — 377 340 1,191 
Greater than 80%114 641 289 165 — 1,795 3,004 
Total commercial mortgages$2,850 $7,408 $3,923 $1,756 $5,146 $16,926 $38,009 
(a)The debt service coverage ratio compares a property’s net operating income to its debt service payments, including principal and interest. Our weighted average debt service coverage ratio was 1.9x at both periods ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The debt service coverage ratios are updated when additional relevant information becomes available.
(b)The loan-to-value ratio compares the current unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying property collateralizing the loan. Our weighted average loan-to-value ratio was 60 percent at both periods ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The loan-to-value ratios have been updated within the last three months to reflect the current carrying values of the loans. We update the valuations of collateral properties by obtaining independent appraisals, generally at least once per year.
The following table presents supplementary credit quality information related to commercial mortgages:
Number
of
Loans
ClassPercent
of
Total
(dollars in millions)ApartmentsOfficesRetailIndustrialHotelOthersTotal
March 31, 2024
Past Due Status:
In good standing610$15,268 $9,573 $4,172 $6,572 $2,039 $523 $38,147 99 %
90 days or less delinquent(a)
2 61 200    261 1 
>90 days delinquent or in process of foreclosure2 29 41    70  
Total(b)
614$15,268 $9,663 $4,413 $6,572 $2,039 $523 $38,478 100 %
Allowance for credit losses$82 $441 $113 $98 $43 $7 $784 2 %
Number
of
Loans
ClassPercent
of
Total
(dollars in millions)ApartmentsOfficesRetailIndustrialHotelOthersTotal
December 31, 2023
Past Due Status:
In good standing610$15,129 $9,679 $4,263 $6,367 $2,053 $446 $37,937 100 %
90 days or less delinquent1— 29 — — — — 29 — 
>90 days delinquent or in process of foreclosure1— — 43 — — — 43 — 
Total(b)
612$15,129 $9,708 $4,306 $6,367 $2,053 $446 $38,009 100 %
Allowance for credit losses$94 $415 $109 $90 $38 $$752 %
(a)Includes $61 million of Office loans and $20 million of Retail loans supporting the Fortitude Re funds withheld arrangements, 90 days or less delinquent, at March 31, 2024.
(b)Does not reflect allowance for credit losses.
The following table presents credit quality performance indicators for residential mortgages by year of vintage:
March 31, 202420242023202220212020PriorTotal
(in millions)
FICO*:
780 and greater$55 $699 $594 $2,295 $643 $845 $5,131 
720 - 779198 1,134 539 543 151 345 2,910 
660 - 71969 364 232 131 40 168 1,004 
600 - 659 12 34 18 10 59 133 
Less than 600 2 18 9 5 29 63 
Total residential mortgages$322 $2,211 $1,417 $2,996 $849 $1,446 $9,241 
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
(in millions)
FICO*:
780 and greater$514 $589 $2,283 $622 $240 $608 $4,856 
720 - 7791,121 625 560 169 99 243 2,817 
660 - 719313 257 113 40 37 128 888 
600 - 65920 11 53 103 
Less than 600— 16 25 
Total residential mortgages$1,950 $1,492 $2,969 $841 $389 $1,048 $8,689 
*Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) is the credit quality indicator used to evaluate consumer credit risk for residential mortgage loan borrowers and scores have been updated within the last twelve months. FICO scores for residential mortgage investor loans to corporate entities are those of the guarantor at time of purchase. On March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 residential loans direct to consumers totaled $2.3 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively.
METHODOLOGY USED TO ESTIMATE THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
For a discussion of our accounting policy for evaluating Mortgage and other loans receivable for impairment, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2023 Annual Report.
The following table presents a rollforward of the changes in the allowance for credit losses on Mortgage and other loans receivable(a):
Three Months Ended March 31,
2024(b)
2023
(in millions)Commercial
Mortgages
Other
Loans
TotalCommercial
Mortgages
Other
Loans
Total
Allowance, beginning of year$752 $86 $838 $640 $76 $716 
Loans charged off (6)(6)— — — 
Net charge-offs (6)(6)— — — 
Addition to (release of) allowance for loan losses32 2 34 66 70 
Allowance, end of period
$784 $82 $866 $706 $80 $786 
(a)Does not include allowance for credit losses of $55 million and $62 million, respectively, at March 31, 2024 and 2023 in relation to off-balance-sheet commitments to fund commercial mortgage loans, which is recorded in Other liabilities.
(b)Excludes $37.6 billion at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, of loan receivable from AIGFP, which has a full allowance for credit losses, recognized upon the deconsolidation of AIGFP. For additional information, see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2023 Annual Report.
Our expectations and models used to estimate the allowance for losses on commercial and residential mortgage loans are regularly updated to reflect the current economic environment.
LOAN MODIFICATIONS
The allowance for credit losses incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and is recorded on each asset upon asset origination or acquisition. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit losses is historical loss information, which includes losses from modifications of receivables to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. We use a probability of default/loss given default model to determine the allowance for credit losses for our commercial and residential mortgage loans. An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification.
Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses utilizing the measurement methodologies used to estimate the allowance, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification.
When modifications are executed, they often will be in the form of principal forgiveness, term extensions, interest rate reductions, or some combination of any of these concessions. When principal is forgiven, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the allowance for credit losses. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses.
We assess whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty based on a variety of factors, including the borrower’s current default on any of its outstanding debt, the probability of a default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification, the insufficiency of the borrower’s forecasted cash flows to service any of its outstanding debt (including both principal and interest), and the borrower’s inability to access alternative third party financing at an interest rate that would be reflective of current market conditions for a non-troubled debtor.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, commercial mortgage loans with an amortized cost of $17 million supporting the funds withheld arrangements with Fortitude Re and commercial loans, other loans and notes receivable with an amortized cost of $168 million (none of which were supporting the funds withheld arrangements with Fortitude Re, and $168 million of which is related to the loans previously modified in 2023) were granted term extensions. The modified loans represent less than 1 percent and 4 percent, respectively, of these portfolio segments. These modifications added less than one year to the weighted average life of loans in each of these two portfolio segments.
There were no loans that had defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, that had been previously modified with borrowers experiencing financial difficulties.
AIG closely monitors the performance of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. All loans with borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that have been modified in the 12 months prior to March 31, 2024 are current and performing in conjunction with their modified terms.