FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2018

4. Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are measured and classified in accordance with a fair value hierarchy consisting of three “levels” based on the observability of valuation inputs:

Level 1: Fair value measurements based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that we have the ability to access for identical assets or liabilities. Market price data generally is obtained from exchange or dealer markets. We do not adjust the quoted price for such instruments.
Level 2: Fair value measurements based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.
Level 3: Fair value measurements based on valuation techniques that use significant inputs that are unobservable. Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to determine the fair values of positions classified in Level 3. The circumstances for using these measurements include those in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. Therefore, we must make certain assumptions about the inputs a hypothetical market participant would use to value that asset or liability.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table presents information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the level of the fair value measurement based on the observability of the inputs used:

March 31, 2018							Counterparty		Cash
(in millions)		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting^(a)	Collateral			Total
Assets:
Bonds available for sale:
U.S. government and government sponsored entities	$	-	$	2,833	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	2,833
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions		-		15,550		2,261		-		-		17,811
Non-U.S. governments		25		15,689		9		-		-		15,723
Corporate debt		-		129,468		1,871		-		-		131,339
RMBS		-		20,050		15,839		-		-		35,889
CMBS		-		13,025		584		-		-		13,609
CDO/ABS		-		8,864		7,846		-		-		16,710
Total bonds available for sale		25		205,479		28,410		-		-		233,914
Other bond securities:
U.S. government and government sponsored entities		594		2,183		-		-		-		2,777
Non-U.S. governments		-		54		-		-		-		54
Corporate debt		-		1,784		19		-		-		1,803
RMBS		-		391		1,427		-		-		1,818
CMBS		-		493		73		-		-		566
CDO/ABS		-		603		4,776		-		-		5,379
Total other bond securities		594		5,508		6,295		-		-		12,397
Other equity securities^(b)		1,716		6		3		-		-		1,725
Mortgage and other loans receivable		-		-		-		-		-		-
Other invested assets^(c)		5		1		292		-		-		298
Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts		-		2,549		-		-		-		2,549
Foreign exchange contracts		-		792		3		-		-		795
Equity contracts		48		142		78		-		-		268
Credit contracts		-		-		2		-		-		2
Other contracts		-		-		17		-		-		17
Counterparty netting and cash collateral		-		-		-		(1,589)		(1,268)		(2,857)
Total derivative assets		48		3,483		100		(1,589)		(1,268)		774
Short-term investments		2,611		483		-		-		-		3,094
Separate account assets		85,362		5,227		-		-		-		90,589
Total	$	90,361	$	220,187	$	35,100	$	(1,589)	$	(1,268)	$	342,791
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits	$	-	$	15	$	3,696	$	-	$	-	$	3,711
Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts		1		2,185		17		-		-		2,203
Foreign exchange contracts		-		1,213		4		-		-		1,217
Equity contracts		-		13		-		-		-		13
Credit contracts		-		12		252		-		-		264
Other contracts		-		-		5		-		-		5
Counterparty netting and cash collateral		-		-		-		(1,589)		(980)		(2,569)
Total derivative liabilities		1		3,423		278		(1,589)		(980)		1,133
Long-term debt		-		2,820		-		-		-		2,820
Other liabilities		25		-		-		-		-		25
Total	$	26	$	6,258	$	3,974	$	(1,589)	$	(980)	$	7,689

December 31, 2017							Counterparty		Cash
(in millions)		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting^(a)		Collateral		Total
Assets:
Bonds available for sale:
U.S. government and government sponsored entities	$	201	$	2,455	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	2,656
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions		-		16,240		2,404		-		-		18,644
Non-U.S. governments		20		15,631		8		-		-		15,659
Corporate debt		-		133,003		1,173		-		-		134,176
RMBS		-		21,098		16,136		-		-		37,234
CMBS		-		13,217		624		-		-		13,841
CDO/ABS		-		8,131		8,651		-		-		16,782
Total bonds available for sale		221		209,775		28,996		-		-		238,992
Other bond securities:
U.S. government and government sponsored entities		238		2,564		-		-		-		2,802
Non-U.S. governments		-		57		-		-		-		57
Corporate debt		-		1,891		18		-		-		1,909
RMBS		-		421		1,464		-		-		1,885
CMBS		-		485		74		-		-		559
CDO/ABS		-		604		4,956		-		-		5,560
Total other bond securities		238		6,022		6,512		-		-		12,772
Equity securities available for sale:
Common stock		1,061		-		-		-		-		1,061
Preferred stock		18		515		-		-		-		533
Mutual funds		110		4		-		-		-		114
Total equity securities available for sale		1,189		519		-		-		-		1,708
Other equity securities		589		-		-		-		-		589
Mortgage and other loans receivable		-		-		5		-		-		5
Other invested assets^(c)		-		1		250		-		-		251
Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts		1		2,170		-		-		-		2,171
Foreign exchange contracts		-		827		4		-		-		831
Equity contracts		188		252		82		-		-		522
Credit contracts		-		-		1		-		-		1
Other contracts		-		-		20		-		-		20
Counterparty netting and cash collateral		-		-		-		(1,464)		(1,159)		(2,623)
Total derivative assets		189		3,249		107		(1,464)		(1,159)		922
Short-term investments		2,078		537		-		-		-		2,615
Separate account assets		87,141		5,657		-		-		-		92,798
Total	$	91,645	$	225,760	$	35,870	$	(1,464)	$	(1,159)	$	350,652
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits	$	-	$	14	$	4,136	$	-	$	-	$	4,150
Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts		2		2,176		22		-		-		2,200
Foreign exchange contracts		-		1,241		4		-		-		1,245
Equity contracts		2		19		-		-		-		21
Credit contracts		-		14		263		-		-		277
Other contracts		-		-		5		-		-		5
Counterparty netting and cash collateral		-		-		-		(1,464)		(1,249)		(2,713)
Total derivative liabilities		4		3,450		294		(1,464)		(1,249)		1,035
Long-term debt		-		2,888		-		-		-		2,888
Other liabilities		46		43		-		-		-		89
Total	$	50	$	6,395	$	4,430	$	(1,464)	$	(1,249)	$	8,162

(a) Represents netting of derivative exposures covered by qualifying master netting agreements.

(b) As a result of the adoption of the Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities standard on January 1, 2018 (Financial Instruments Recognition and Measurement Standard), equity securities are no longer classified and accounted for as available for sale securities.

(c) Excludes investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value (NAV) per share (or its equivalent), which totaled $5.9 billion and $6.0 billion as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Transfers of Level 1 and Level 2 Assets and Liabilities

Our policy is to record transfers of assets and liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 at their fair values as of the end of each reporting period, consistent with the date of the determination of fair value. Assets are transferred out of Level 1 when they are no longer transacted with sufficient frequency and volume in an active market. Conversely, assets are transferred from Level 2 to Level 1 when transaction volume and frequency are indicative of an active market.

During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we transferred $16 million and $53 million, respectively, of securities issued by Non-U.S. government entities from Level 1 to Level 2, because they are no longer considered actively traded. For similar reasons, during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, we transferred $191 million and $63 million, respectively, of securities issued by the U.S. government and government sponsored entities from Level 1 to Level 2. We had no material transfers from Level 2 to Level 1 during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017.

Changes in Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present changes during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and the realized and unrealized gains (losses) related to the Level 3 assets and liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2018 and 2017:

				Net																Changes in
				Realized and				Purchases,												Unrealized Gains
				Unrealized				Sales,								Reclassified				(Losses) Included
		Fair Value		Gains (Losses)		Other		Issuances and		Gross		Gross				to Assets		Fair Value		in Income on
		Beginning		Included		Comprehensive		Settlements,		Transfers		Transfers		Divested		Held for		End		Instruments Held
(in millions)		of Period		in Income		Income (Loss)		Net		in		out		Businesses		Sale		of Period		at End of Period
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Assets:
Bonds available for sale:
Obligations of states,
municipalities and
political subdivisions	$	2,404	$	1	$	(75)	$	(69)	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	2,261	$	-
Non-U.S. governments		8		(4)		4		1		-		-		-		-		9		-
Corporate debt		1,173		(57)		10		248		565		(68)		-		-		1,871		-
RMBS		16,136		266		5		(536)		-		(32)		-		-		15,839		-
CMBS		624		6		(17)		(23)		-		(6)		-		-		584		-
CDO/ABS		8,651		8		(88)		(710)		-		(15)		-		-		7,846		-
Total bonds available for sale		28,996		220		(161)		(1,089)		565		(121)		-		-		28,410		-
Other bond securities:
Corporate debt		18		1		-		-		-		-		-		-		19		-
RMBS		1,464		39		-		(76)		-		-		-		-		1,427		51
CMBS		74		(1)		-		(1)		1		-		-		-		73		(1)
CDO/ABS		4,956		89		-		(260)		-		(9)		-		-		4,776		8
Total other bond securities		6,512		128		-		(337)		1		(9)		-		-		6,295		58
Other equity securities^(a)		-		-		-		3		-		-		-		-		3		2
Mortgage and other loans receivable		5		-		-		(5)		-		-		-		-		-		-
Other invested assets		250		23		1		18		-		-		-		-		292		30
Total	$	35,763	$	371	$	(160)	$	(1,410)	$	566	$	(130)	$	-	$	-	$	35,000	$	90
				Net																Changes in
				Realized and				Purchases,												Unrealized Gains
				Unrealized				Sales,								Reclassified				(Losses) Included
		Fair Value		(Gains) Losses		Other		Issuances and		Gross		Gross				to Liabilities		Fair Value		in Income on
		Beginning		Included		Comprehensive		Settlements,		Transfers		Transfers		Divested		Held for		End		Instruments Held
(in millions)		of Period		in Income		Income (Loss)		Net		in		out		Businesses		Sale		of Period		at End of Period
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits	$	4,136	$	(506)	$	-	$	66	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	3,696	$	604
Derivative liabilities, net:
Interest rate contracts		22		(3)		-		(2)		-		-		-		-		17		3
Foreign exchange contracts		-		(10)		-		11		-		-		-		-		1		3
Equity contracts		(82)		4		-		-		-		-		-		-		(78)		(4)
Credit contracts		262		(10)		-		(2)		-		-		-		-		250		10
Other contracts		(15)		(17)		-		20		-		-		-		-		(12)		17
Total derivative liabilities, net^(b)		187		(36)		-		27		-		-		-		-		178		29
Long-term debt^(c)		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Total	$	4,323	$	(542)	$	-	$	93	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	3,874	$	633
				Net																Changes in
				Realized and				Purchases,												Unrealized Gains
				Unrealized				Sales,								Reclassified				(Losses) Included
		Fair Value		Gains (Losses)		Other		Issuances and		Gross		Gross				to Assets		Fair Value		in Income on
		Beginning		Included		Comprehensive		Settlements,		Transfers		Transfers		Divested		Held for		End		Instruments Held
(in millions)		of Period		in Income		Income (Loss)		Net		in		out		Businesses		Sale		of Period		at End of Period
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Assets:
Bonds available for sale:
Obligations of states,
municipalities and
political subdivisions	$	2,040	$	2	$	(4)	$	21	$	-	$	(18)	$	-	$	-	$	2,041	$	-
Non-U.S. governments		17		-		-		(1)		-		-		-		-		16		-
Corporate debt		1,133		(4)		(3)		(13)		136		(170)		-		-		1,079		-
RMBS		16,906		289		151		(858)		8		(9)		-		-		16,487		-
CMBS		2,040		5		5		(348)		-		(699)		-		-		1,003		-
CDO/ABS		7,835		6		48		(102)		-		(32)		-		-		7,755		-
Total bonds available for sale		29,971		298		197		(1,301)		144		(928)		-		-		28,381		-
Other bond securities:
Corporate debt		17		1		-		-		-		-		-		-		18		1
RMBS		1,605		55		-		(125)		-		(33)		-		-		1,502		24
CMBS		155		-		-		(17)		-		(73)		-		-		65		1
CDO/ABS		5,703		173		-		(368)		-		-		-		-		5,508		70
Total other bond securities		7,480		229		-		(510)		-		(106)		-		-		7,093		96
Equity securities available for sale:
Common stock		-		-		-		8		-		-		-		-		8		-
Total equity securities available for sale		-		-		-		8		-		-		-		-		8		-
Other equity securities		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Mortgage and other loans receivable		11		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		11		-
Other invested assets		204		(1)		(5)		(17)		-		(1)		-		-		180		-
Total	$	37,666	$	526	$	192	$	(1,820)	$	144	$	(1,035)	$	-	$	-	$	35,673	$	96
				Net																Changes in
				Realized and				Purchases,												Unrealized Gains
				Unrealized				Sales,								Reclassified				(Losses) Included
		Fair Value		(Gains) Losses		Other		Issuances and		Gross		Gross				to Liabilities		Fair Value		in Income on
		Beginning		Included		Comprehensive		Settlements,		Transfers		Transfers		Divested		Held for		End		Instruments Held
(in millions)		of Period		in Income		Income (Loss)		Net		in		out		Businesses		Sale		of Period		at End of Period
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits	$	3,033	$	(45)	$	-	$	84	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	3,072	$	98
Derivative liabilities, net:
Interest rate contracts		38		(3)		-		(3)		-		-		-		-		32		3
Foreign exchange contracts		11		-		-		(5)		-		-		-		-		6		-
Equity contracts		(58)		(11)		-		7		-		-		-		-		(62)		5
Credit contracts		329		(15)		-		1		-		-		-		-		315		11
Other contracts		(11)		(19)		-		19		-		-		-		-		(11)		(1)
Total derivative liabilities, net^(b)		309		(48)		-		19		-		-		-		-		280		18
Long-term debt^(c)		71		12		-		(25)		-		-		-		-		58		(2)
Total	$	3,413	$	(81)	$	-	$	78	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	3,410	$	114

(a) As a result of the adoption of the Financial Instruments Recognition and Measurement Standard on January 1, 2018, equity securities are no longer classified and accounted for as available for sale securities.

(b) Total Level 3 derivative exposures have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.

Net realized and unrealized gains and losses included in income related to Level 3 assets and liabilities shown above are reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as follows:

		Net		Net Realized
		Investment		Capital		Other
(in millions)		Income	Gains (Losses)			Income		Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Bonds available for sale	$	282	$	(62)	$	-	$	220
Other bond securities		23		(4)		109		128
Other equity securities		-		-		-		-
Other invested assets		25		-		(2)		23
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Bonds available for sale	$	298	$	-	$	-	$	298
Other bond securities		75		6		148		229
Other equity securities		-		-		-		-
Other invested assets		-		(3)		2		(1)

		Net		Net Realized
		Investment		Capital		Other
(in millions)		Income	(Gains) Losses			Income		Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Policyholder contract deposits		-		(506)		-		(506)
Derivative liabilities, net		-		1		(37)		(36)
Long-term debt		-		-		-		-
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Policyholder contract deposits		-		(45)		-		(45)
Derivative liabilities, net		-		(7)		(41)		(48)
Long-term debt		-		-		12		12

The following table presents the gross components of purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net, shown above, for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 related to Level 3 assets and liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

						Issuances		Purchases, Sales,
						and		Issuances and
(in millions)		Purchases		Sales		Settlements		Settlements, Net^(a)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Assets:
Bonds available for sale:
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions	$	15	$	-	$	(84)	$	(69)
Non-U.S. governments		2		-		(1)		1
Corporate debt		254		(3)		(3)		248
RMBS		233		(5)		(764)		(536)
CMBS		12		-		(35)		(23)
CDO/ABS		495		(851)		(354)		(710)
Total bonds available for sale		1,011		(859)		(1,241)		(1,089)
Other bond securities:
RMBS		1		(5)		(72)		(76)
CMBS		-		-		(1)		(1)
CDO/ABS		-		(4)		(256)		(260)
Total other bond securities		1		(9)		(329)		(337)
Other equity securities		3		-		-		3
Mortgage and other loans receivable		-		(5)		-		(5)
Other invested assets		22		-		(4)		18
Total assets	$	1,037	$	(873)	$	(1,574)	$	(1,410)
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits	$	-	$	112	$	(46)	$	66
Derivative liabilities, net		(7)		-		34		27
Long-term debt^(b)		-		-		-		-
Total liabilities	$	(7)	$	112	$	(12)	$	93
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Assets:
Bonds available for sale:
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions	$	37	$	(5)	$	(11)	$	21
Non-U.S. governments		-		(1)		-		(1)
Corporate debt		-		-		(13)		(13)
RMBS		339		(244)		(953)		(858)
CMBS		39		(67)		(320)		(348)
CDO/ABS		13		-		(115)		(102)
Total bonds available for sale		428		(317)		(1,412)		(1,301)
Other bond securities:
RMBS		98		(167)		(56)		(125)
CMBS		-		(11)		(6)		(17)
CDO/ABS		-		-		(368)		(368)
Total other bond securities		98		(178)		(430)		(510)
Equity securities available for sale		8		-		-		8
Other equity securities		-		-		-		-
Mortgage and other loans receivable		-		-		-		-
Other invested assets		1		-		(18)		(17)
Total assets	$	535	$	(495)	$	(1,860)	$	(1,820)
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits	$	-	$	70	$	14	$	84
Derivative liabilities, net		-		-		19		19
Long-term debt^(b)		-		-		(25)		(25)
Total liabilities	$	-	$	70	$	8	$	78

(a) There were no issuances during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

(b) Includes GIAs, notes, bonds, loans and mortgages payable.

Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to determine the fair values of positions classified in Level 3 in the tables above. As a result, the unrealized gains (losses) on instruments held at March 31, 2018 and 2017 may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable (e.g., changes in market interest rates) and unobservable inputs (e.g., changes in unobservable long-dated volatilities).

Transfers of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

We record transfers of assets and liabilities into or out of Level 3 classification at their fair values as of the end of each reporting period, consistent with the date of the determination of fair value. The Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in income or Other comprehensive income (loss) as shown in the table above excludes $24 million and $8 million of net losses related to assets and liabilities transferred into Level 3 during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and includes $1 million of net gains related to assets and liabilities transferred out of Level 3 during the three-month period ended March 31, 2017.

Transfers of Level 3 Assets

During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, transfers into Level 3 assets primarily included certain investments in private placement corporate debt, RMBS, CMBS and CDO/ABS. Transfers of private placement corporate debt and certain ABS into Level 3 assets were primarily the result of limited market pricing information that required us to determine fair value for these securities based on inputs that are adjusted to better reflect our own assumptions regarding the characteristics of a specific security or associated market liquidity. The transfers of investments in RMBS, CMBS and CDO and certain ABS into Level 3 assets were due to decreases in market transparency and liquidity for individual security types.

During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, transfers out of Level 3 assets primarily included private placement and other corporate debt, CMBS, RMBS, CDO/ABS and certain investments in municipal securities. Transfers of certain investments in municipal securities, corporate debt, RMBS, CMBS and CDO/ABS out of Level 3 assets were based on consideration of market liquidity as well as related transparency of pricing and associated observable inputs for these investments. Transfers of certain investments in private placement corporate debt and certain ABS out of Level 3 assets were primarily the result of using observable pricing information that reflects the fair value of those securities without the need for adjustment based on our own assumptions regarding the characteristics of a specific security or the current liquidity in the market.

Transfers of Level 3 Liabilities

There were no significant transfers of derivative or other liabilities into or out of Level 3 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017.

QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION ABOUT LEVEL 3 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The table below presents information about the significant unobservable inputs used for recurring fair value measurements for certain Level 3 instruments, and includes only those instruments for which information about the inputs is reasonably available to us, such as data from independent third-party valuation service providers and from internal valuation models. Because input information from third-parties with respect to certain Level 3 instruments (primarily CDO/ABS) may not be reasonably available to us, balances shown below may not equal total amounts reported for such Level 3 assets and liabilities:

	Fair Value at
	March 31,		Valuation		Range
(in millions)	2018		Technique	Unobservable Input^(b)	(Weighted Average)
Assets:

Obligations of states, municipalities
and political subdivisions	$	1,571	Discounted cash flow	Yield	3.82% - 4.51% (4.16%)

Corporate debt		1,638	Discounted cash flow	Yield	4.74% - 13.88% (9.31%)

RMBS^(a)		15,679	Discounted cash flow	Constant prepayment rate	3.71% - 12.82% (8.27%)
				Loss severity	40.73% - 75.96% (58.34%)
				Constant default rate	3.23% - 8.25% (5.74%)
				Yield	2.99% - 5.33% (4.16%)

CDO/ABS^(a)		5,200	Discounted cash flow	Yield	3.69% - 4.99% (4.34%)

CMBS		456	Discounted cash flow	Yield	2.82% - 6.34% (4.58%)
Liabilities:

Embedded derivatives within
Policyholder contract deposits:

Guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (GMWB)		1,601	Discounted cash flow	Equity volatility	6.45% - 50.55%
				Base lapse rate	0.35% - 14.00%
				Dynamic lapse multiplier	30.00% - 170.00%
				Mortality multiplier^(c)	40.00% - 153.00%
				Utilization	90.00% - 100.00%
				Equity / interest-rate correlation	20.00% - 40.00%

Index Annuities		1,517	Discounted cash flow	Lapse rate	0.50% - 40.00%
				Mortality multiplier^(c)	42.00% - 162.00%
				Option Budget	1.00% - 4.00%

Indexed Life		554	Discounted cash flow	Base lapse rate	2.00% - 19.00%
				Mortality rate	0.00% - 40.00%


		Fair Value at
		December 31,	Valuation		Range
(in millions)		2017	Technique	Unobservable Input^(b)	(Weighted Average)
Assets:

Obligations of states, municipalities
and political subdivisions	$	1,620	Discounted cash flow	Yield	3.55% - 4.32% (3.94%)

Corporate debt		1,086	Discounted cash flow	Yield	3.26% - 12.22% (7.74%)

RMBS^(a)		16,156	Discounted cash flow	Constant prepayment rate	3.97% - 13.42% (8.69%)
				Loss severity	43.15% - 77.15% (60.15%)
				Constant default rate	3.31% - 8.30% (5.80%)
				Yield	2.73% - 5.19% (3.96%)

CDO/ABS^(a)		5,254	Discounted cash flow	Yield	3.38% - 4.78% (4.08%)

CMBS		487	Discounted cash flow	Yield	2.22% - 7.77% (4.99%)
Liabilities:

Embedded derivatives within
Policyholder contract deposits:

GMWB		1,994	Discounted cash flow	Equity volatility	6.45% - 51.25%
				Base lapse rate	0.35% - 14.00%
				Dynamic lapse multiplier	30.00% - 170.00%
				Mortality multiplier^(c)	40.00% - 153.00%
				Utilization	90.00% - 100.00%
				Equity / interest-rate correlation	20.00% - 40.00%

Index Annuities		1,603	Discounted cash flow	Lapse rate	0.50% - 40.00%
				Mortality multiplier^(c)	42.00% - 162.00%
				Option Budget	1.00% - 4.00%

Indexed Life		515	Discounted cash flow	Base lapse rate	2.00% - 19.00%
				Mortality rate	0.00% - 40.00%

(a) Information received from third-party valuation service providers. The ranges of the unobservable inputs for constant prepayment rate, loss severity and constant default rate relate to each of the individual underlying mortgage loans that comprise the entire portfolio of securities in the RMBS and CDO securitization vehicles and not necessarily to the securitization vehicle bonds (tranches) purchased by us. The ranges of these inputs do not directly correlate to changes in the fair values of the tranches purchased by us, because there are other factors relevant to the fair values of specific tranches owned by us including, but not limited to, purchase price, position in the waterfall, senior versus subordinated position and attachment points.

(b) Represents discount rates, estimates and assumptions that we believe would be used by market participants when valuing these assets and liabilities.

The ranges of reported inputs for Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions, Corporate debt, RMBS, CDO/ABS, and CMBS valued using a discounted cash flow technique consist of one standard deviation in either direction from the value-weighted average. The preceding table does not give effect to our risk management practices that might offset risks inherent in these Level 3 assets and liabilities.

Sensitivity to Changes in Unobservable Inputs

We consider unobservable inputs to be those for which market data is not available and that are developed using the best information available to us about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. Relevant inputs vary depending on the nature of the instrument being measured at fair value. The following paragraphs provide a general description of sensitivities of significant unobservable inputs along with interrelationships between and among the significant unobservable inputs and their impact on the fair value measurements. The effect of a change in a particular assumption in the sensitivity analysis below is considered independently of changes in any other assumptions. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions may not always have a linear effect on the inputs discussed below. Interrelationships may also exist between observable and unobservable inputs. Such relationships have not been included in the discussion below. For each of the individual relationships described below, the inverse relationship would also generally apply.

Obligations of States, Municipalities and Political Subdivisions

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of certain investments in obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions is yield. In general, increases in the yield would decrease the fair value of investments in obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions.

Corporate Debt

Corporate debt securities included in Level 3 are primarily private placement issuances that are not traded in active markets or that are subject to transfer restrictions. Fair value measurements consider illiquidity and non-transferability. When observable price quotations are not available, fair value is determined based on discounted cash flow models using discount rates based on credit spreads, yields or price levels of publicly-traded debt of the issuer or other comparable securities, considering illiquidity and structure. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of corporate debt is the yield. The yield is affected by the market movements in credit spreads and U.S. Treasury yields. In addition, the migration in credit quality of a given security generally has a corresponding effect on the fair value measurement of the security. For example, a downward migration of credit quality would increase spreads. Holding U.S. Treasury rates constant, an increase in corporate credit spreads would decrease the fair value of corporate debt.

RMBS and CDO/ABS

The significant unobservable inputs used in fair value measurements of RMBS and certain CDO/ABS valued by third-party valuation service providers are constant prepayment rates (CPR), loss severity, constant default rates (CDR) and yield. A change in the assumptions used for the probability of default will generally be accompanied by a corresponding change in the assumption used for the loss severity and an inverse change in the assumption used for prepayment rates. In general, increases in CPR, loss severity, CDR and yield, in isolation, would result in a decrease in the fair value measurement. Changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship between the directional change of each input is not usually linear.

CMBS

The significant unobservable input used in fair value measurements for CMBS is the yield. Prepayment assumptions for each mortgage pool are factored into the yield. CMBS generally feature a lower degree of prepayment risk than RMBS because commercial mortgages generally contain a penalty for prepayment. In general, increases in the yield would decrease the fair value of CMBS.

Embedded derivatives within Policyholder contract deposits

Embedded derivatives reported within Policyholder contract deposits include GMWB within variable annuity products and interest crediting rates based on market indices within index annuities, indexed life and GICs. For any given contract, assumptions for unobservable inputs vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative. The following unobservable inputs are used for valuing embedded derivatives measured at fair value:

Long-term equity volatilities represent equity volatility beyond the period for which observable equity volatilities are available. Increases in assumed volatility will generally increase the fair value of both the projected cash flows from rider fees as well as the projected cash flows related to benefit payments. Therefore, the net change in the fair value of the liability may be either a decrease or an increase, depending on the relative changes in projected rider fees and projected benefit payments.
Equity / interest rate correlation estimates the relationship between changes in equity returns and interest rates in the economic scenario generator used to value our GMWB embedded derivatives. In general, a higher positive correlation assumes that equity markets and interest rates move in a more correlated fashion, which generally increases the fair value of the liability.
Base lapse rate assumptions are determined by company experience and are adjusted at the contract level using a dynamic lapse function, which reduces the base lapse rate when the contract is in-the-money (when the contract holder’s guaranteed value, as estimated by the company, is worth more than their underlying account value). Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower in periods when a surrender charge applies. Increases in assumed lapse rates will generally decrease the fair value of the liability, as fewer policyholders would persist to collect guaranteed withdrawal amounts.
Mortality rate assumptions, which vary by age and gender, are based on company experience and include a mortality improvement assumption. Increases in assumed mortality rates will decrease the fair value of the liability, while lower mortality rate assumptions will generally increase the fair value of the liability, because guaranteed payments will be made for a longer period of time.
Utilization assumptions estimate the timing when policyholders with a GMWB will elect to utilize their benefit and begin taking withdrawals. The assumptions may vary by the type of guarantee, tax-qualified status, the contract’s withdrawal history and the age of the policyholder. Utilization assumptions are based on company experience, which includes partial withdrawal behavior. Increases in assumed utilization rates will generally increase the fair value of the liability.
Option budget estimates the expected long-term cost of options used to hedge exposures associated with equity price changes. The level of option budgets determines future costs of the options, which impacts the growth in account value and the valuation of embedded derivatives.

Investments in Certain Entities Carried at Fair Value Using Net Asset Value Per Share

The following table includes information related to our investments in certain other invested assets, including private equity funds, hedge funds and other alternative investments that calculate net asset value per share (or its equivalent). For these investments, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, we use the net asset value per share to measure fair value.

		March 31, 2018				December 31, 2017
			Fair Value			Fair Value
			Using NAV			Using NAV
			Per Share (or		Unfunded	Per Share (or			Unfunded
(in millions)	Investment Category Includes		its equivalent)		Commitments	its equivalent)			Commitments
Investment Category
Private equity funds:
Leveraged buyout	Debt and/or equity investments made as part of a transaction in which assets of mature companies are acquired from the current shareholders, typically with the use of financial leverage	$	1,261	$	719	$	1,243	$	706

Real Estate / Infrastructure	Investments in real estate properties and infrastructure positions, including power plants and other energy generating facilities		238		166		210		187

Venture capital	Early-stage, high-potential, growth companies expected to generate a return through an eventual realization event, such as an initial public offering or sale of the company		145		133		134		73

Distressed	Securities of companies that are in default, under bankruptcy protection, or troubled		109		43		113		42

Other	Includes multi-strategy, mezzanine and other strategies		492		198		428		219
Total private equity funds			2,245		1,259		2,128		1,227
Hedge funds:
Event-driven	Securities of companies undergoing material structural changes, including mergers, acquisitions and other reorganizations		1,074		-		1,128		-

Long-short	Securities that the manager believes are undervalued, with corresponding short positions to hedge market risk		1,196		-		1,233		-

Macro	Investments that take long and short positions in financial instruments based on a top-down view of certain economic and capital market conditions		1,045		-		1,011		-

Distressed	Securities of companies that are in default, under bankruptcy protection or troubled		170		8		266		8

Other	Includes investments held in funds that are less liquid, as well as other strategies which allow for broader allocation between public and private investments		204		3		231		4
Total hedge funds			3,689		11		3,869		12
Total		$	5,934	$	1,270	$	5,997	$	1,239

Private equity fund investments included above are not redeemable, because distributions from the funds will be received when underlying investments of the funds are liquidated. Private equity funds are generally expected to have 10-year lives at their inception, but these lives may be extended at the fund manager’s discretion, typically in one or two-year increments. At March 31, 2018, assuming average original expected lives of 10 years for the funds, 55 percent of the total fair value using net asset value per share (or its equivalent) presented above would have expected remaining lives of three years or less, 23 percent between four and six years and 22 percent between seven and 10 years.

The hedge fund investments included above, which are carried at fair value, are generally redeemable monthly (26 percent), quarterly (40 percent), semi-annually (11 percent) and annually (23 percent), with redemption notices ranging from one day to 180 days. At March 31, 2018, investments representing approximately 55 percent of the total fair value of these hedge fund investments had partial contractual redemption restrictions. These partial redemption restrictions are generally related to one or more investments held in the hedge funds that the fund manager deemed to be illiquid. The majority of these contractual restrictions, which may have been put in place at the fund’s inception or thereafter, have pre-defined end dates. The majority of these restrictions are generally expected to be lifted by the end of 2018.

Fair Value Option

The following table presents the gains or losses recorded related to the eligible instruments for which we elected the fair value option:

Three Months Ended March 31,	Gain (Loss)
(in millions)		2018		2017
Assets:
Bond and equity securities	$	23	$	349
Alternative investments^(a)		128		181
Liabilities:
Long-term debt^(b)		52		(15)
Total gain	$	203	$	515

(a) Includes certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other investment partnerships.

(b) Includes GIAs, notes, bonds and mortgages payable.

We recognized gains of $3 million during the three-month period ended March 31, 2017, attributable to the observable effect of changes in credit spreads on our own liabilities for which the fair value option was elected. We calculate the effect of these credit spread changes using discounted cash flow techniques that incorporate current market interest rates, our observable credit spreads on these liabilities and other factors that mitigate the risk of nonperformance such as cash collateral posted.

As a result of the adoption of the Financial Instruments Recognition and Measurement Standard on January 1, 2018, we are required to record unrealized gains and losses attributable to the observable effect of changes in credit spreads on our liabilities for which the fair value option was elected in Other Comprehensive Income. The total unrealized gain recognized in Other Comprehensive Income for the three-month period ended March 31, 2018 was $2 million.

The following table presents the difference between fair values and the aggregate contractual principal amounts of mortgage and other loans receivable and long-term debt for which the fair value option was elected:

	March 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
			Outstanding						Outstanding
(in millions)	Fair Value		Principal Amount		Difference		Fair Value		Principal Amount		Difference
Assets:
Mortgage and other loans receivable	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	5	$	5	$	-
Liabilities:
Long-term debt^*	$	2,820	$	2,311	$	509	$	2,888	$	2,280	$	608

* Includes GIAs, notes, bonds, loans and mortgages payable.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS ON A NON-RECURRING BASIS

The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at the time of impairment and the related impairment charges recorded during the periods presented:

		Assets at Fair Value							Impairment Charges
		Non-Recurring Basis							Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		2018		2017
March 31, 2018
Other investments	$	-	$	-	$	95	$	95	$	28	$	17
Investments in life settlements		-		-		-		-		-		41
Other assets^*		-		-		-		-		-		35
Total	$	-	$	-	$	95	$	95	$	28	$	93
December 31, 2017
Other investments	$	-	$	-	$	55	$	55
Investments in life settlements		-		-		-		-
Other assets		-		-		-		-
Total	$	-	$	-	$	55	$	55

* Impairments in 2017 included $35 million related to other assets of $179 million that were reclassified to assets held for sale.

FAIR VALUE INFORMATION ABOUT FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS NOT MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE

The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our financial instruments not measured at fair value and indicates the level in the fair value hierarchy of the estimated fair value measurement based on the observability of the inputs used:

	Estimated Fair Value									Carrying
(in millions)		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Value
March 31, 2018
Assets:
Mortgage and other loans receivable	$	-	$	114	$	38,558	$	38,672	$	38,540
Other invested assets		-		764		6		770		767
Short-term investments		-		11,522		-		11,522		11,522
Cash		2,103		-		-		2,103		2,103
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits associated
with investment-type contracts		-		373		121,648		122,021		117,265
Other liabilities		-		3,210		-		3,210		3,210
Long-term debt		-		24,488		4,507		28,995		30,799
December 31, 2017
Assets:
Mortgage and other loans receivable	$	-	$	117	$	37,644	$	37,761	$	37,018
Other invested assets		-		590		6		596		593
Short-term investments		-		7,771		-		7,771		7,771
Cash		2,362		-		-		2,362		2,362
Liabilities:
Policyholder contract deposits associated
with investment-type contracts		-		387		121,809		122,196		114,326
Other liabilities		-		4,494		-		4,494		4,494
Long-term debt		-		23,930		4,313		28,243		28,752

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details