Acquisitions (Notes)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Acxiom Acquisition

On October 1, 2018 (the "acquisition date"), the Company completed its acquisition of Acxiom. The purchase accounting process has not been completed primarily because the valuation of acquired assets has not been finalized. We expect to complete the purchase accounting as soon as practicable but no later than one year from the acquisition date. We do not believe there will be material adjustments.

Other Acquisitions

During the first half of 2019, we completed one acquisition, a content communications agency based in the U.K. This acquisition was included in the IAN operating segment. During the first half of 2019, we recorded $2.4 of goodwill and intangible assets related to our acquisitions.

During the first half of 2018, we completed two acquisitions, a full-service digital agency based in Brazil and an entertainment marketing and brand licensing agency in the fashion and lifestyle sector based in the U.K. Both of our acquisitions were included in the CMG operating segment. During the first half of 2018, we recorded $14.2 of goodwill and intangible assets related to our acquisitions.

The results of operations of our acquired companies were included in our consolidated results from the closing date of each acquisition. Details of cash paid for current and prior years' acquisitions are listed below.



	Six months ended June 30,
	2019		2018
Cost of investment: current-year acquisitions	$	0.6	$	8.7
Cost of investment: prior-year acquisitions	13.0		16.2
Less: net cash acquired	—		(0.4		)
Total cost of investment	13.6		24.5
Operating payments ¹	9.1		18.2
Total cash paid for acquisitions ²	$	22.7	$	42.7

Represents cash payments for amounts that have been recognized in operating expenses since the date of acquisition either relating to adjustments to estimates in excess of the initial value of contingent payments recorded or were contingent upon the future employment of the former owners of the acquired companies. Amounts are reflected in the operating section of the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Of the total cash paid for acquisitions, $0.6 and $8.5 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are classified under the investing section of the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, as acquisitions, net of cash acquired. These amounts relate to initial payments for new transactions. Of the total cash paid for acquisitions, $13.0 and $16.0 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are classified under the financing section of the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as acquisition-related payments. These amounts relate to deferred payments and increases in our ownership interest for prior acquisitions.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Many of our acquisitions include provisions under which the noncontrolling equity owners may require us to purchase additional interests in a subsidiary at their discretion. Redeemable noncontrolling interests are adjusted quarterly to their estimated redemption value, but not less than their initial fair value. Any adjustments to the redemption value impact retained earnings or additional paid in capital, except for foreign currency translation adjustments.

The following table presents changes in our redeemable noncontrolling interests.



	Six months ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	167.9		$	252.1
Change in related noncontrolling interests balance	0.2			(14.6		)
Changes in redemption value of redeemable noncontrolling interests:
Additions	24.3			0.0
Redemptions	(3.1		)	(32.2		)
Redemption value adjustments	(1.0		)	(39.5		)
Balance at end of period	$	188.3		$	165.8