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Financial Information By Business Segment And Geographic Area (Note)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting, Measurement Disclosures [Abstract]  
Financial Information By Business Segment And Geographic Area

International Paper’s business segments, Industrial Packaging, Global Cellulose Fibers and Printing Papers, are consistent with the internal structure used to manage these businesses. See the Description of Business Segments on pages 26 and 27 in Part II. Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a description of the types of products and services from which each reportable segment derives its revenues. All segments are differentiated on a common product, common customer basis consistent with the business segmentation generally used in the Forest Products industry.
Business segment operating profits are used by International Paper’s management to measure the earnings performance of its businesses. Management believes that this measure allows a better understanding of trends in costs, operating efficiencies, prices and volumes. Business segment operating profits are defined as earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings, but including the impact of noncontrolling interests, excluding interest expense, net, corporate items, net, corporate net special items, business net special items and non-operating pension expense.
External sales by major product is determined by aggregating sales from each segment based on similar products or services. External sales are defined as those that are made to parties outside International Paper’s consolidated group, whereas sales by segment in the Net Sales table are determined using a management approach and include intersegment sales.

INFORMATION BY BUSINESS SEGMENT

Net Sales
In millions202020192018
Industrial Packaging$15,033 $15,326 $15,900 
Global Cellulose Fibers2,319 2,551 2,819 
Printing Papers3,036 4,291 4,375 
Corporate and Intersegment Sales192 208 212 
Net Sales$20,580 $22,376 $23,306 
Operating Profit (Loss)
In millions202020192018
Industrial Packaging$1,819 $2,076 $2,277 
Global Cellulose Fibers(237)(6)262 
Printing Papers228 529 543 
Business Segment Operating Profit1,810 2,599 3,082 
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings650 1,604 1,781 
Interest expense, net444 491 536 
Noncontrolling interests adjustment (a)— 3 (10)
Corporate expenses, net(7)54 67 
Corporate net special items 274 104 9 
Business net special items490 307 205 
Non-operating pension (income) expense(41)36 494 
$1,810 $2,599 $3,082 
Business Net Special Items
In millions202020192018
Industrial Packaging$475 $78 $184 
Global Cellulose Fibers5 68 11 
Printing Papers10 161 10 
Business Net Special Items$490 $307 $205 
Assets
In millions20202019
Industrial Packaging$15,976 $16,338 
Global Cellulose Fibers3,507 3,733 
Printing Papers2,855 3,476 
Corporate and other 9,380 9,924 
Assets$31,718 $33,471 
Capital Spending
In millions202020192018
Industrial Packaging$525 $922 $1,061 
Global Cellulose Fibers97 162 183 
Printing Papers116 172 303 
Subtotal738 1,256 1,547 
Corporate and other13 20 25 
Capital Spending$751 $1,276 $1,572 
Depreciation, Amortization and Cost of Timber Harvested
In millions202020192018
Industrial Packaging$826 $794 $803 
Global Cellulose Fibers271 263 262 
Printing Papers186 244 258 
Corporate 4 5 5 
Depreciation and Amortization$1,287 $1,306 $1,328 
External Sales By Major Product 
In millions202020192018
Industrial Packaging$14,983 $15,259 $15,828 
Global Cellulose Fibers2,317 2,545 2,810 
Printing Papers3,016 4,284 4,359 
Other 264 288 309 
Net Sales$20,580 $22,376 $23,306 
INFORMATION BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA

Net Sales (b)
In millions202020192018
United States (c)$16,147 $16,948 $17,609 
EMEA2,920 3,258 3,321 
Pacific Rim and Asia202 415 605 
Americas, other than U.S.1,311 1,755 1,771 
Net Sales$20,580 $22,376 $23,306 
Long-Lived Assets (d)
In millions20202019
United States$10,221 $10,706 
EMEA1,280 1,368 
Americas, other than U.S.1,027 1,321 
Long-Lived Assets$12,528 $13,395 
(a)Operating profits for industry segments include each segment’s percentage share of the profits of subsidiaries included in that segment that are less than wholly-owned. The pre-tax noncontrolling interests for these subsidiaries is added here to present consolidated earnings from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings.
(b)Net sales are attributed to countries based on the location of the seller.
(c)Export sales to unaffiliated customers were $2.5 billion in 2020, $2.7 billion in 2019 and $3.1 billion in 2018.
(d)Long-Lived Assets includes Forestlands and Plants, Properties and Equipment, net.