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Commitments And Contingencies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
Commitments And Contingencies  
Commitments And Contingencies

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies:

At June 30, 2011, we had outstanding bank guarantees and undrawn letters of credit from financial institutions. These relate to normal business operations principally as a result of commercial and governmental requirements.

The Company assesses contingencies related to litigation and/or other matters to determine the degree of probability and range of possible loss. A loss contingency is accrued in the Company's consolidated financial statements if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Because litigation is inherently unpredictable and unfavorable resolutions could occur, assessing contingencies is highly sensitive and requires judgments about future events. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company reviews contingencies related to litigation to determine the adequacy of accruals. The amount of ultimate loss may differ from these estimates and further events may require the Company to increase or decrease the amounts it has accrued on any matter. It is possible that cash flows or results of operations could be materially affected, with respect to any particular period, by the unfavorable or favorable resolution of one or more of these contingencies.

Popcorn Flavor Litigation

We are party to a number of lawsuits and claims related primarily to flavoring supplied by us and by other third party suppliers, in most instances to manufacturers of butter flavored popcorn. A total of 16 actions involving approximately 260 claimants are currently pending against us and other flavor suppliers and related companies based on similar claims of alleged respiratory illness. In certain cases, plaintiffs are unable to demonstrate that they have suffered a compensable loss as a result of such exposure, or that injuries incurred in fact resulted from exposure to our flavor products. In most of the complaints, the damages sought by the plaintiffs are not alleged at the pleading stage and may not be required to be specified until a much later time in the proceeding, if at all.

On at least a quarterly basis, we review the status of each pending claim, as well as our insurance coverage for such claims with due consideration given to potentially applicable deductibles, retentions and reservation of rights under insurance policies with respect to all these matters. The liabilities are recorded at management's best estimate of the outcome of the lawsuits and claims, taking into consideration the facts and circumstances of the individual matters as well as past experience on similar matters. Amounts accrued are also based upon our historical experience with these claims, including claims which have been closed with no liability as well as claims settled to date. Settled claims, since the inception of the flavor-related claims, have not been material to us in any reporting period after giving effect to insurance recovery. At each balance sheet date, the key issues that management assesses are whether it is probable that a loss as to asserted or unasserted claims has been incurred and if so, whether the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.

While the ultimate outcome of any litigation cannot be predicted, management believes that we have adequately accrued with respect to all known claims. Based on information presently available and in light of the merits of our defenses and the availability of insurance, we do not expect the outcome of the above cases, singly or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, reported results or liquidity. There can be no assurance that future events will not require us to increase the amount we have accrued for any matter or accrue for a matter that has not been previously accrued.

We periodically assess our insurance coverage for all known claims, taking into account aggregate coverages by occurrence, limits of coverage, self-insured retentions and deductibles, historical claims experience and claims experience with insurers. We record the expected liability with respect to these claims in Other liabilities and expected recoveries from our insurance carrier group in Other assets. We believe that realization of the insurance receivable is probable due to the terms of the insurance policies and the payment experience to date of the carrier group as it relates to these claims.

 

Patent Claims

A complaint, captioned V. Mane Fils S.A. v. International Flavors and Fragrances Inc. was filed in U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey in May 2006, and alleges that the Company has and continues to infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 5,725,856 and 5,843,466, relating to a flavor ingredient that may provide a cooling effect. The Company answered the complaint by denying liability, asserting that both patents are invalid and various other defenses. In June 2008, plaintiff amended its complaint to add claims for violations of the Lanham Act, tortious interference and unfair competition. The Company answered the amended complaint by denying all liability. In connection with the patent claims, the plaintiff seeks monetary damages, damages for alleged willful infringement, injunctive relief and fees, costs and interest. In connection with the additional claims, plaintiff also seeks monetary damages, punitive damages, fees and costs. In May 2010, following reexamination of the patents in question by the U.S. Patent Office, all of the patent claims, initially rejected in the reexamination proceeding were reallowed. The Company and the plaintiff have each filed motions for summary judgment with respect to various claims. No trial date has been scheduled, although the Court has indicated that a trial may be scheduled for October 2011. The Company denies the allegations and will defend its position in Court.

We analyze our liability on at least a quarterly basis and accrue for litigation loss contingencies when they are probable and estimable. During the second quarter 2010, we recorded a provision related to this case which is reflected in Other liabilities. The Company is unable to reasonably estimate the amount or realistic range of reasonably possible losses above its recorded liability, if any, that might result if the outcome of this matter is unfavorable. Based on present information, the Company believes that its ultimate liability, if any, arising from this proceeding would not have a material adverse effect on its financial position or liquidity; however, due to the unpredictability regarding the litigation process, such claims, if ultimately resolved against us, could potentially have a material adverse effect on our cash flows or results of operations in a particular period. An adverse outcome could also potentially affect our ability to sell one or more flavor products to the extent the Court ultimately issued an injunction related to the patents. The Company disputes the allegations of wrongdoing, believes it has meritorious defenses and is vigorously defending all claims.

Environmental

Over the past approximately 20 years, various federal and state authorities and private parties have claimed that we are a Potentially Responsible Party ("PRP") as a generator of waste materials for alleged pollution at a number of waste sites operated by third parties located principally in New Jersey and have sought to recover costs incurred and to be incurred to clean up the sites.

We have been identified as a PRP at ten facilities operated by third parties at which investigation and/or remediation activities may be ongoing. We analyze our liability on a regular basis and accrue for environmental liabilities when they are probable and estimable. At June 30, 2011, we estimated our share of the total future costs for these sites to be less than $5 million.

While joint and several liability is authorized under federal and state environmental laws, we believe that the amounts we have paid and anticipate paying in the future for clean-up costs and damages at all sites are not and will not be material to our financial condition, reported results or liquidity. This conclusion is based upon, among other things, the involvement of other PRP's at most sites, the status of the proceedings, including various settlement agreements and consent decrees, the extended time period over which payment will likely be made and an agreement reached in July 1994 with three of our liability insurers pursuant to which defense costs and indemnity amounts payable by us in respect of the sites will be shared by the insurers up to an agreed amount.

Other Contingencies

We also have contingencies principally related to the jurisdictions in which we operate including such items as value-add taxes and other indirect taxes, customs and duties and sales and use taxes.