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Segment Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company is organized into four reportable operating segments: Nourish, Health & Biosciences, Scent and Pharma Solutions. These segments align with the internal structure to manage these businesses. The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker regularly reviews financial information to allocate resources and assess performance utilizing these segments.
Nourish is comprised of Ingredients, Flavors and Food Designs, with a diversified portfolio across natural and plant-based specialty food ingredients, flavor compounds, and systems and inclusions, respectively. Ingredients provide texturizing solutions to the food industry, food protection solutions used in food and beverage products, specialty soy and pea protein with value-added formulations, emulsifiers and sweeteners. Flavors provide a range of flavor compounds and natural taste solutions that are ultimately used by IFF’s customers in savory products, beverages, sweets and dairy products. Flavors also provide value-added spices and seasoning ingredients for meat, food service, convenience, alternative protein and culinary products. Food Designs provide blends and systems that combine key ingredients tailored to IFF customers’ specific needs. Additionally, Food Designs provide inclusion products that help with taste and texture by, among other things, combining flavorings with fruit, vegetables, and other natural ingredients for a wide range of food products, such as health snacks, baked goods, cereals, pastries, ice cream and other dairy products.
Health & Biosciences is comprised of Health, Cultures & Food Enzymes, Home & Personal Care, Animal Nutrition and Grain Processing, with a biotechnology-driven portfolio of products that serve the health and wellness, food, consumer and industrial markets. Products within this portfolio range from enzymes, food cultures, probiotics and specialty ingredients for non-food applications. Health provides ingredients for dietary supplements, food and beverage, specialized nutrition and pharma. Cultures & Food Enzymes provide products that aim to serve the global demand for healthy, natural, clean label and fermented food for fresh dairy, cheese, bakery and brewing products. This is accomplished by providing IFF’s customers with products that allow for extended shelf life and stability, which help to improve customers’ products and performance. The enzyme solution also allows IFF’s customers to provide low sugar, high fiber and lactose-free dairy products. Home & Personal Care produces enzymes for detergents, cleaning and textile processing products in the laundry, dishwashing, textiles and industrials and personal care markets that help to enhance product and process performances. Animal Nutrition produces enzymes that help to improve the product and process performance of animal feed products, which aim to lessen environmental impact by reducing farm waste. Grain Processing produces enzymes for biofuel production and carbohydrate processing.
Scent is comprised of (1) Fragrance Compounds, which are ultimately used by IFF’s customers in two broad categories: Fine Fragrances, including perfumes and colognes, and Consumer Fragrances, including fragrance compounds for personal care (e.g., soaps), household products (e.g., detergents and cleaning agents) and beauty care, including toiletries; (2) Fragrance Ingredients, consisting of synthetic and natural ingredients that can be combined with other materials to create unique fine fragrance and consumer fragrance compounds; and (3) Cosmetic Ingredients, consisting of active and functional ingredients, botanicals and delivery systems to support our customers’ cosmetic and personal care product lines. Major fragrance customers include the cosmetics industry, including perfume and toiletries manufacturers, and the household products industry, including manufacturers of soaps, detergents, fabric care, household cleaners and air fresheners.
Pharma Solutions is comprised of a vast portfolio, including cellulosics and seaweed-based pharmaceutical excipients, used to improve the functionality and delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients, including controlled or modified drug release formulations, and enabling the development of more effective pharmaceutical finished dosage formats. Pharma Solutions excipients are used in prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements. Pharma Solutions products
also serve a variety of other specialty and industrial end-uses including coatings, inks, electronics, agriculture and consumer products.
The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker evaluates the performance of these reportable segments based on Segment Adjusted Operating EBITDA, which is defined as (Loss) Income Before Taxes before depreciation and amortization expense, interest expense, restructuring and other charges and certain items that are not related to recurring operations.
Reportable segment information is as follows:
 December 31,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)202320222021
Net sales
Nourish$6,060 $6,829 $6,264 
Health & Biosciences2,081 2,339 2,329 
Scent2,393 2,301 2,254 
Pharma Solutions945 971 809 
Consolidated$11,479 $12,440 $11,656 
December 31,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)20232022
Segment assets
Nourish$12,893 $17,062 
Health & Biosciences10,666 10,924 
Scent4,274 4,309 
Pharma Solutions3,145 3,227 
Consolidated$30,978 $35,522 
 December 31,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)202320222021
Segment Adjusted Operating EBITDA:
Nourish$732 $1,176 $1,172 
Health & Biosciences588 634 625 
Scent461 423 463 
Pharma Solutions199 222 165 
Total1,980 2,455 2,425 
Depreciation & Amortization(1,142)(1,179)(1,156)
Interest Expense(380)(336)(289)
Other (Expense) Income, net(28)37 58 
Restructuring and Other Charges (a)(68)(12)(41)
Impairment of Goodwill (b)(2,623)(2,250)— 
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets (c)— (120)— 
Acquisition, Divestiture and Integration Related Costs (d)(174)(201)(240)
Strategic Initiatives Costs (e)(31)(8)— 
Regulatory Costs (f)(50)— — 
N&B Inventory Step-Up Costs (g)— — (368)
Other (h)(2)(11)(35)
(Loss) Income Before Taxes$(2,518)$(1,625)$354 
 _______________________ 
(a)Represents costs primarily related to severance as part of the Company's restructuring efforts.
(b)For 2023, represents costs related to the impairment of goodwill in the Nourish reporting unit. For 2022, represents costs related to the impairment of goodwill in the Health & Biosciences reporting unit.
(c)Represents costs related to the impairment of intangible and fixed assets of an asset group that operated primarily in Russia.
(d)
For 2023, 2022 and 2021, primarily represents costs related to the Company's actual and planned acquisitions and divestitures and integration related activities primarily for N&B. These costs primarily consisted of external consulting fees, professional and legal fees and salaries of individuals who are fully dedicated to such efforts. For 2023, acquisition costs primarily relate to earn-out adjustments. For 2022, acquisition costs primarily relate to consulting fees, legal fees and earn-out adjustments. For 2021, acquisition costs primarily relate to legal and professional fees for the transaction with N&B. Tax expenses for business divestiture costs included establishments of deferred tax liabilities related to planned sales of businesses.

For 2023, business divestiture, integration and acquisition related costs were approximately $108 million, $59 million and $7 million, respectively. For 2022, business divestiture, integration and acquisition related costs were approximately $110 million, $94 million and a credit of $3 million, respectively. For 2021, business divestiture, integration and acquisition related costs were approximately $42 million, $105 million and $93 million, respectively.
(e)Represents costs related to the Company's strategic assessment and business portfolio optimization efforts and reorganizing the Global Shared Services Centers, primarily consulting fees.
(f)Represents costs primarily related to legal fees incurred for the ongoing investigations of the fragrance businesses.
(g)Represents costs related to fair value step-up of inventory for the acquired inventory through the Merger with N&B.
(h)For 2023, represents gains from sale of assets and costs related to severance, including accelerated stock compensation expense, for a certain executive who will separate from the Company in 2024. For 2022 and 2021, represents gains from sale of assets, costs related to severance, including accelerated stock compensation expense, for certain employees and executives who have been separated from the Company in 2022 and 2021, respectively, and shareholder activist related costs, primarily professional fees.
The Company has not disclosed revenues at a lower level than provided herein, such as revenues from external customers by product, as it is impracticable for it to do so.
The Company had no customers that accounted for greater than 10% of consolidated net sales in 2023, 2022 and 2021.
Long-lived assets, net, by country, consisted as follows:
 December 31,
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)20232022
United States$1,742 $1,771 
China228 258 
Denmark262 250 
Finland214 212 
France199 187 
Germany171 181 
Other1,424 1,344 
Consolidated$4,240 $4,203 
Segment capital expenditures and depreciation and amortization consisted as follows:
 Capital ExpendituresDepreciation and Amortization
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)202320222021202320222021
Nourish$252 $215 $183 $553 $596 $594 
Health & Biosciences85 160 139 374 363 353 
Scent62 56 41 78 81 84 
Pharma Solutions104 73 30 137 139 125 
Consolidated$503 $504 $393 $1,142 $1,179 $1,156 
Net sales are attributed to individual regions based upon the destination of product delivery and are as follows:
 Net Sales by Geographic Area
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)202320222021
Europe, Africa and Middle East$3,834 $4,219 $4,093 
Greater Asia2,677 2,876 2,728 
North America3,477 3,853 3,499 
Latin America1,491 1,492 1,336 
Consolidated$11,479 $12,440 $11,656 
 Net Sales by Geographic Area
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS)202320222021
Net sales related to the U.S.$3,185 $3,611 $3,211 
Net sales attributed to all foreign countries8,294 8,829 8,445 
No non-U.S. country had net sales greater than 7% of total consolidated net sales for 2023 and net sales greater than 6% and 7% of total consolidated net sales for 2022 and 2021, respectively.