Retirement-Related Benefits (Details) (USD $) In Millions, unless otherwise specified
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2012
|
Dec. 31, 2011
|
Dec. 31, 2010
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
$ 533 |
$ (25) |
$ (394) |
Total retirement-related benefits net periodic cost |
2,389 |
1,832 |
1,382 |
Overfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
6,956 |
13,175 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
7,901 |
16,018 |
|
Funded Status |
945 |
2,843 |
|
Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
105,473 |
89,944 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
84,338 |
70,712 |
|
Funded Status |
(21,134) |
(19,232) |
|
U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total retirement-related benefits net periodic cost |
646 |
415 |
248 |
U.S. Plan(s) | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
62,092 |
59,358 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
54,063 |
51,256 |
|
Funded Status |
(8,029) |
(8,102) |
|
Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total retirement-related benefits net periodic cost |
1,743 |
1,418 |
1,134 |
Non-U.S. Plans | Overfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
6,956 |
13,175 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
7,901 |
16,018 |
|
Funded Status |
945 |
2,843 |
|
Non-U.S. Plans | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
43,381 |
30,587 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
30,276 |
19,456 |
|
Funded Status |
(13,106) |
(11,131) |
|
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
515 |
(40) |
(408) |
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Percentage of funded status (as a percent) |
86.00% |
|
|
Defined Benefit Pension Plans | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
(507) |
(759) |
(935) |
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
56,810 |
54,085 |
51,293 |
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
53,630 |
51,218 |
50,259 |
Funded Status |
(3,180) |
(2,866) |
|
Defined Benefit Pension Plans | Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
1,040 |
734 |
541 |
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
49,319 |
42,861 |
42,584 |
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
38,058 |
35,362 |
35,722 |
Funded Status |
(11,261) |
(7,499) |
|
Personal Pension Plan (PPP)
|
|
|
|
Period used in determining benefits |
5 years |
|
|
Personal Pension Plan (PPP) | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
(526) |
(774) |
(949) |
Qualified PPP (Qualified defined benefit pension plans)
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Percentage of funded status (as a percent) |
94.00% |
|
|
Qualified PPP (Qualified defined benefit pension plans) | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
53,630 |
51,218 |
|
Percentage of funded status (as a percent) |
98.00% |
|
|
Qualified PPP (Qualified defined benefit pension plans) | U.S. Plan(s) | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
54,907 |
52,318 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
53,630 |
51,218 |
|
Funded Status |
(1,277) |
(1,100) |
|
Excess PPP (Nonqualified defined benefit pension plans) | U.S. Plan(s) | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
1,576 |
1,462 |
|
Funded Status |
(1,576) |
(1,462) |
|
Retention Plan
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
18 |
15 |
14 |
Retention Plan | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
18 |
15 |
14 |
Retention Plan | U.S. Plan(s) | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
327 |
305 |
|
Funded Status |
(327) |
(305) |
|
Non-US Defined Benefit Pension Plans | Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
1,040 |
734 |
541 |
Qualified defined benefit pension plans | Non-U.S. Plans | Overfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
6,944 |
13,169 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
7,889 |
16,011 |
|
Funded Status |
945 |
2,843 |
|
Qualified defined benefit pension plans | Non-U.S. Plans | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
35,956 |
24,659 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
30,169 |
19,351 |
|
Funded Status |
(5,788) |
(5,308) |
|
Nonqualified defined benefit pension plans | Non-U.S. Plans | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
6,418 |
5,033 |
|
Funded Status |
(6,418) |
(5,033) |
|
Defined Contribution Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
1,506 |
1,513 |
1,430 |
Defined Contribution Plans | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
885 |
905 |
902 |
Defined Contribution Plans | Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
621 |
608 |
527 |
IBM 401(k) Plus Plan
|
|
|
|
Defined Contribution Plans |
|
|
|
Maximum percentage, dollar-for-dollar match by entity to employee contribution of eligible compensation for employees hired prior to January 1, 2005 (as a percent) |
6.00% |
6.00% |
|
Maximum percentage, dollar-for-dollar match by entity to employee contribution of eligible compensation for employees hired after January 1, 2005 (as a percent) |
5.00% |
5.00% |
|
Employer's automatic contribution as a percentage of eligible compensation, lowest level defined |
1.00% |
1.00% |
|
Employer's automatic contribution as a percentage of eligible compensation, second level defined |
2.00% |
2.00% |
|
Employer's automatic contribution as a percentage of eligible compensation, highest level defined |
4.00% |
4.00% |
|
Service period after which employees receive automatic contributions |
1 year |
1 year |
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
1,478 |
1,483 |
1,409 |
IBM 401(k) Plus Plan | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
857 |
875 |
882 |
IBM Excess 401(k) Plus Plan
|
|
|
|
Defined Contribution Plans |
|
|
|
Service period after which employees receive automatic contributions |
1 year |
1 year |
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
29 |
30 |
20 |
IBM Excess 401(k) Plus Plan | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
29 |
30 |
20 |
Other defined contribution plans | Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Cost of defined contribution plans |
621 |
608 |
527 |
Nonpension Postretirement Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
350 |
345 |
347 |
Nonpension Postretirement Plans | U.S. Plan(s)
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Minimum years of service remaining from retirement eligibility to participate in Future Health Account (FHA) benefits |
5 years |
5 years |
|
Service period for retirement within which employees are covered under the entity's prior health benefits arrangements |
5 years |
5 years |
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
268 |
269 |
281 |
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
5,282 |
5,273 |
5,123 |
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
433 |
38 |
35 |
Funded Status |
(4,849) |
(5,235) |
|
Nonpension Postretirement Plans | U.S. Plan(s) | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
5,282 |
5,273 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
433 |
38 |
|
Funded Status |
(4,849) |
(5,235) |
|
Nonpension Postretirement Plans | Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
|
|
Retirement-related plans cost |
|
|
|
Total net periodic pension (income)/cost of defined benefit plans |
82 |
76 |
66 |
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
1,019 |
901 |
872 |
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
119 |
112 |
120 |
Funded Status |
(900) |
(789) |
|
Nonpension Postretirement Plans | Non-U.S. Plans | Overfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
12 |
7 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
12 |
7 |
|
Funded Status |
0 |
0 |
|
Nonpension Postretirement Plans | Non-U.S. Plans | Underfunded Plans
|
|
|
|
Funded status of plan |
|
|
|
Benefit Obligations |
1,007 |
894 |
|
Fair Value of Plan Assets |
107 |
105 |
|
Funded Status |
$ (900) |
$ (789) |
|