INVESTMENTS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Investments [Abstract]

INVESTMENTS

INVESTMENTS

Net Investment Income

The components of net investment income for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

(In millions)	2017			2016			2015
Fixed-maturity securities		$	3,094		$	3,214		$	3,094
Perpetual securities		79			94			114
Equity securities		42			35			3
Other investments		94			31			15
Short-term investments and cash equivalents		25			11			4
Gross investment income		3,334			3,385			3,230
Less investment expenses		114			107			95
Net investment income		$	3,220		$	3,278		$	3,135

Investment Holdings

The amortized cost for the Company's investments in debt and perpetual securities, the cost for equity securities and the fair values of these investments at December 31 are shown in the following tables.

	2017
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost			Gross Unrealized Gains			Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair   Value
Securities available for sale, carried at fair value:
Fixed maturities:
Yen-denominated:
Japan government and agencies		$	27,980		$	3,363		$	271		$	31,072
Municipalities		314			28			12			330
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		242			29			0			271
Public utilities		1,635			352			6			1,981
Sovereign and supranational		1,380			190			1			1,569
Banks/financial institutions		3,521			524			26			4,019
Other corporate		3,890			771			7			4,654
Total yen-denominated		38,962			5,257			323			43,896
U.S. dollar-denominated:
U.S. government and agencies		146			13			1			158
Municipalities		872			168			0			1,040
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		161			12			0			173
Public utilities		5,116			884			27			5,973
Sovereign and supranational		267			73			0			340
Banks/financial institutions		2,762			604			8			3,358
Other corporate		25,384			2,620			418			27,586
Total U.S. dollar-denominated		34,708			4,374			454			38,628
Total fixed maturities		73,670			9,631			777			82,524
Perpetual securities:
Yen-denominated:
Banks/financial institutions		1,221			287			27			1,481
Other corporate		195			38			0			233
U.S. dollar-denominated:
Banks/financial institutions		46			29			0			75
Total perpetual securities		1,462			354			27			1,789
Equity securities:
Yen-denominated		561			135			1			695
U.S. dollar-denominated		285			45			2			328
Total equity securities		846			180			3			1,023
Total securities available for sale		$	75,978		$	10,165		$	807		$	85,336

	2017
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost			Gross Unrealized Gains			Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair   Value
Securities held to maturity, carried at amortized cost:
Fixed maturities:
Yen-denominated:
Japan government and agencies		$	21,331		$	5,160		$	0		$	26,491
Municipalities		357			105			0			462
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		26			1			0			27
Public utilities		3,300			398			0			3,698
Sovereign and supranational		1,523			312			0			1,835
Banks/financial institutions		2,206			190			9			2,387
Other corporate		2,687			485			0			3,172
Total yen-denominated		31,430			6,651			9			38,072
Total securities held to maturity		$	31,430		$	6,651		$	9		$	38,072

	2016
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost			Gross Unrealized Gains			Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair   Value
Securities available for sale, carried at fair value:
Fixed maturities:
Yen-denominated:
Japan government and agencies		$	22,857		$	3,359		$	160		$	26,056
Municipalities		246			29			8			267
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		1,096			33			8			1,121
Public utilities		1,533			318			3			1,848
Sovereign and supranational		862			186			5			1,043
Banks/financial institutions		2,673			403			74			3,002
Other corporate		3,192			623			3			3,812
Total yen-denominated		32,459			4,951			261			37,149
U.S dollar-denominated:
U.S. government and agencies		148			10			0			158
Municipalities		894			142			8			1,028
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		196			20			0			216
Public utilities		5,205			690			60			5,835
Sovereign and supranational		335			91			0			426
Banks/financial institutions		2,570			507			16			3,061
Other corporate		24,556			2,021			690			25,887
Total U.S. dollar-denominated		33,904			3,481			774			36,611
Total fixed maturities		66,363			8,432			1,035			73,760
Perpetual securities:
Yen-denominated:
Banks/financial institutions		1,266			128			49			1,345
Other corporate		189			24			0			213
U.S. dollar-denominated:
Banks/financial institutions		51			24			0			75
Total perpetual securities		1,506			176			49			1,633
Equity securities:
Yen-denominated		624			83			2			705
Dollar-denominated		579			31			6			604
Total equity securities		1,203			114			8			1,309
Total securities available for sale		$	69,072		$	8,722		$	1,092		$	76,702

	2016
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost			Gross Unrealized Gains			Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Securities held to maturity, carried at amortized cost:
Fixed maturities:
Yen-denominated:
Japan government and agencies		$	20,702		$	5,338		$	0		$	26,040
Municipalities		350			107			0			457
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		30			2			0			32
Public utilities		3,201			358			23			3,536
Sovereign and supranational		2,602			283			8			2,877
Banks/financial institutions		3,731			195			26			3,900
Other corporate		2,734			452			7			3,179
Total yen-denominated		33,350			6,735			64			40,021
Total securities held to maturity		$	33,350		$	6,735		$	64		$	40,021

The methods of determining the fair values of the Company's investments in fixed-maturity securities, perpetual securities and equity securities are described in Note 5.

During 2017, the Company reclassified three investments from the held-to-maturity category to the available-for-sale category as a result of the issuers' credit rating being downgraded to below investment grade. At the time of the transfer, the securities had an aggregate amortized cost of $773 million and an aggregate unrealized gain of $47 million. During 2016 and 2015, the Company did not reclassify any investments from the held-to-maturity category to the available-for-sale category.

Contractual and Economic Maturities

The contractual maturities of the Company's investments in fixed maturities at December 31, 2017, were as follows:

	Aflac Japan						Aflac U.S.
(In millions)	Amortized Cost			Fair Value			Amortized Cost			Fair   Value
Available for sale:
Due in one year or less		$	234		$	243		$	86		$	89
Due after one year through five years		7,155			7,391			508			542
Due after five years through 10 years		7,812			8,385			2,726			2,946
Due after 10 years		45,028			51,269			8,482			9,927
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		283			322			40			41
Total fixed maturities available for sale		$	60,512		$	67,610		$	11,842		$	13,545
Held to maturity:
Due in one year or less		$	885		$	903		$	0		$	0
Due after one year through five years		434			455			0			0
Due after five years through 10 years		1,634			1,802			0			0
Due after 10 years		28,451			34,885			0			0
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities		26			27			0			0
Total fixed maturities held to maturity		$	31,430		$	38,072		$	0		$	0

At December 31, 2017, the Parent Company and other business segments had portfolios of available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities totaling $1.3 billion at amortized cost and $1.4 billion at fair value, which are not included in the table above.

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because some issuers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

The majority of the Company's perpetual securities are subordinated to other debt obligations of the issuer, but rank higher than the issuer's equity securities. Perpetual securities have characteristics of both debt and equity investments, along with unique features that create economic maturity dates for the securities. Although perpetual securities have no contractual maturity date, they have stated interest coupons that were fixed at their issuance and subsequently change to a floating short-term interest rate after some period of time. The instruments are generally callable by the issuer at the time of changing from a fixed coupon rate to a new variable rate of interest, which is determined by the combination of some market index plus a fixed amount of basis points. The net effect is to create an expected maturity date for the instrument. The economic maturities of the Company's investments in perpetual securities, which were all reported as available for sale at December 31, 2017, were as follows:

	Aflac Japan						Aflac U.S.
(In millions)	Amortized Cost			Fair Value			Amortized Cost			Fair   Value
Due after one year through five years		$	194		$	233		$	0		$	0
Due after 10 years		1,229			1,495			39			61
Total perpetual securities available for sale		$	1,423		$	1,728		$	39		$	61

Investment Concentrations

The Company's process for investing in credit-related investments begins with an independent approach to underwriting each issuer's fundamental credit quality. The Company evaluates independently those factors that it believes could influence an issuer's ability to make payments under the contractual terms of the Company's instruments. This includes a thorough analysis of a variety of items including the issuer's country of domicile (including political, legal, and financial considerations); the industry in which the issuer competes (with an analysis of industry structure, end-market dynamics, and regulation); company specific issues (such as management, assets, earnings, cash generation, and capital needs); and contractual provisions of the instrument (such as financial covenants and position in the capital structure). The Company further evaluates the investment considering broad business and portfolio management objectives, including asset/liability needs, portfolio diversification, and expected income.

Investment exposures that individually exceeded 10% of shareholders' equity as of December 31 were as follows:

	2017			2016
(In millions)	Credit Rating	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Credit Rating	Amortized Cost	Fair Value
Japan National Government(1)	A	$48,399	$56,532	A	$42,931	$51,345

⁽¹⁾Japan Government Bonds (JGBs) or JGB-backed securities

Realized Investment Gains and Losses

Information regarding pretax realized gains and losses from investments for the years ended December 31 follows:

(In millions)	2017			2016			2015
Realized investment gains (losses):
Fixed maturities:
Available for sale:
Gross gains from sales	$	36		$	77		$	224
Gross losses from sales	(82		)	(134		)	(8		)
Net gains (losses) from redemptions	(23		)	112			51
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	(7		)	(24		)	(152		)
Total fixed maturities	(76		)	31			115
Perpetual securities:
Available for sale:
Net gains (losses) from redemptions	4			64			35
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	0			(2		)	0
Total perpetual securities	4			62			35
Equity securities:
Gross gains from sales	104			0			0
Gross losses from sales	(11		)	0			0
Net gains (losses) from redemptions	0			22			0
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	(22		)	(57		)	(1		)
Total equity securities	71			(35		)	(1		)
Loan loss reserves	(8		)	(2		)	(1		)
Derivatives and other:
Derivative gains (losses)	(109		)	(255		)	(10		)
Foreign currency gains (losses)	(33		)	185			(32		)
Total derivatives and other	(142		)	(70		)	(42		)
Total realized investment gains (losses)	$	(151	)	$	(14	)	$	106

Prior year foreign currency transaction gains and losses have been reclassified to conform to current-year reporting classifications

Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses

Information regarding changes in unrealized gains and losses from investments for the years ended December 31 follows:

(In millions)	2017			2016			2015
Changes in unrealized gains (losses):
Fixed maturities:
Available for sale		$	1,457		$	2,690		$	(2,481	)
Perpetual securities:
Available for sale		200			21			(123		)
Equity securities		71			88			9
Total change in unrealized gains (losses)		$	1,728		$	2,799		$	(2,595	)

Effect on Shareholders' Equity

The net effect on shareholders' equity of unrealized gains and losses from investment securities at December 31 was as follows:

(In millions)	2017				2016
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale		$	9,358			$	7,630
Deferred income taxes(1)		(3,394		)		(2,825		)
Shareholders’ equity, unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities		$	5,964			$	4,805

⁽¹⁾ See Note 10 for discussion of the accounting treatment of tax on amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income pursuant to the Tax Act.

Gross Unrealized Loss Aging

The following tables show the fair values and gross unrealized losses of the Company's available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investments that were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31.

	2017
	Total						Less than 12 months						12 months or longer
(In millions)	Fair Value			Unrealized Losses			Fair Value			Unrealized Losses			Fair Value			Unrealized Losses
Fixed Maturities:
U.S. government and agencies:
U.S. dollar-denominated		$	74		$	1		$	74		$	1		$	0		$	0
Japan government and agencies:
Yen-denominated		5,255			271			1,264			9			3,991			262
Municipalities:
Yen-denominated		129			12			10			0			119			12
Public utilities:
U.S. dollar-denominated		785			27			221			3			564			24
Yen-denominated		83			6			0			0			83			6
Sovereign and supranational:
Yen-denominated		309			1			309			1			0			0
Banks/financial institutions:
U.S. dollar-denominated		362			8			316			5			46			3
Yen-denominated		1,162			35			394			4			768			31
Other corporate:
U.S. dollar-denominated		7,741			418			2,839			50			4,902			368
Yen-denominated		440			7			349			4			91			3
Total fixed maturities		16,340			786			5,776			77			10,564			709
Perpetual securities:
Yen-denominated		345			27			0			0			345			27
Total perpetual securities		345			27			0			0			345			27
Equity securities:
U.S. dollar-denominated		41			2			21			0			20			2
Yen-denominated		40			1			39			1			1			0
Total equity securities		81			3			60			1			21			2
Total		$	16,766		$	816		$	5,836		$	78		$	10,930		$	738

	2016
	Total						Less than 12 months						12 months or longer
(In millions)	Fair Value			Unrealized Losses			Fair Value			Unrealized Losses			Fair Value			Unrealized Losses
Fixed Maturities:
Japan government and agencies:
Yen-denominated		$	3,958		$	160		$	3,958		$	160		$	0		$	0
Municipalities:
U.S. dollar-denominated		44			8			0			0			44			8
Yen-denominated		105			8			105			8			0			0
Mortgage- and asset- backed securities:
Yen-denominated		713			8			713			8			0			0
Public utilities:
U.S. dollar-denominated		1,265			60			790			32			475			28
Yen-denominated		635			26			347			14			288			12
Sovereign and supranational:
Yen-denominated		244			13			38			5			206			8
Banks/financial institutions:
U.S. dollar-denominated		268			16			238			10			30			6
Yen-denominated		1,521			100			636			19			885			81
Other corporate:
U.S. dollar-denominated		10,462			690			7,252			346			3,210			344
Yen-denominated		321			10			321			10			0			0
Total fixed maturities		19,536			1,099			14,398			612			5,138			487
Perpetual securities:
Yen-denominated		479			49			85			1			394			48
Total perpetual securities		479			49			85			1			394			48
Equity securities:
U.S. dollar-denominated		211			6			211			6			0			0
Yen-denominated		49			2			49			2			0			0
Total equity securities		260			8			260			8			0			0
Total		$	20,275		$	1,156		$	14,743		$	621		$	5,532		$	535

Analysis of Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions

The unrealized losses on the Company's fixed maturity or perpetual securities investments have been primarily related to general market changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and/or the levels of credit spreads rather than specific concerns with the issuer's ability to pay interest and repay principal. The unrealized losses on the Company's investments in equity securities are primarily related to foreign exchange rates, general market conditions which reflect prospects for the economy as a whole, or specific information pertaining to an industry or an individual company.

For any significant declines in fair value of its fixed income or perpetual securities, the Company performs a more focused review of the related issuers' credit profile. For corporate issuers, the Company evaluates their assets, business profile including industry dynamics and competitive positioning, financial statements and other available financial data. For non-corporate issuers, the Company analyzes all sources of credit support, including issuer-specific factors. The Company utilizes information available in the public domain and, for certain private placement issuers, from consultations with the issuers directly. The Company also considers ratings from Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (NRSROs), as well as the specific characteristics of the security it owns including seniority in the issuer's capital structure, covenant predictions, or other relevant features. From these reviews, the Company evaluates the issuers' continued ability to service the Company's investment through payment of interest and principal.

For any significant declines in fair value of its equity securities, the Company reviews the severity of the security’s decline in fair value coupled with the length of time the fair value of the security has been below cost. The Company also performs a more focused review of the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer as well as general market conditions reflecting the prospects for the economy as a whole, and determines whether it has the intent to hold the securities until they recover in value.

Assuming no credit-related factors develop, unrealized gains and losses on fixed maturities and perpetual securities are expected to diminish as investments near maturity. Based on its credit analysis, the Company believes that the issuers of its fixed maturity and perpetual security investments in the sectors shown in the table above have the ability to service their obligations to the Company.

Other Investments

The table below reflects the composition of the carrying value for other investments as of December 31.

(In millions)	2017			2016
Other investments:
Transitional real estate loans		$	1,235		$	0
Commercial mortgage loans		908			855
Middle market loans		859			319
Policy loans		210			184
Short-term investments		57			89
Other		133			3
Total other investments		$	3,402		$	1,450

Loans and Loan Receivables

The Company classifies its TREs, CMLs, and MMLs as held-for investment and includes them in the other investments line on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company carries them on the balance sheet at amortized cost less an estimated allowance for loan losses. The Company's allowance for loan losses is established using both general and specific allowances. The general allowance is used for loans grouped by similar risk characteristics where a loan-specific or market-specific risk has not been identified, but for which the Company estimates probable incurred losses. The specific allowance is used on an individual loan basis when it is probable that a loss has been incurred. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company's allowance for loan losses was $11 million and $3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had no loans that were past due in regards to principal and/or interest payments. Additionally, the Company held no loans that were on nonaccrual status or considered impaired as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. The Company had no troubled debt restructurings during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Transitional Real Estate Loans

Transitional real estate loans are commercial mortgage loans that are typically relatively short-term floating rate instruments secured by a first lien on the property. These loans provide funding for properties undergoing a change in their physical characteristics and/or economic profile. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had $254 million in outstanding commitments to fund transitional real estate loans, inclusive of loans held in unit trust structures. These commitments are contingent on the final underwriting and due diligence to be performed.

Commercial Mortgage Loans

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had $13 million in outstanding commitments to fund commercial mortgage loans, inclusive of loans held in unit trust structures. These commitments are contingent on the final underwriting and due diligence to be performed.

Middle Market Loans

Middle market loans are generally considered to be below investment grade. The carrying value for middle market loans included an unfunded amount of $109 million and $91 million, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, that is reflected in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had commitments of approximately $552 million to fund potential future loan originations related to this investment program, inclusive of loans held in unit trust structures. These commitments are contingent upon the availability of middle market loans that meet the Company's underwriting criteria.

Other

Other investments primarily includes investments in limited partnerships. As of December 31, 2017, the Company had $888 million in outstanding commitments to fund alternative investments in limited partnerships.

Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)

As a condition of its involvement or investment in a VIE, the Company enters into certain protective rights and covenants that preclude changes in the structure of the VIE that would alter the creditworthiness of the Company's investment or its beneficial interest in the VIE.

For those VIEs other than certain unit trust structures, the Company's involvement is passive in nature. The Company has not, nor has it been, required to purchase any securities issued in the future by these VIEs.

The Company's ownership interest in VIEs is limited to holding the obligations issued by them. The Company has no direct or contingent obligations to fund the limited activities of these VIEs, nor does it have any direct or indirect financial guarantees related to the limited activities of these VIEs. The Company has not provided any assistance or any other type of financing support to any of the VIEs it invests in, nor does it have any intention to do so in the future. For those VIEs in which the Company holds debt obligations, the weighted-average lives of the Company's notes are very similar to the underlying collateral held by these VIEs where applicable.

The Company also utilizes unit trust structures in its Aflac Japan segment to invest in various asset classes. As the sole investor of these VIEs, the Company is required to consolidate these entities under U.S. GAAP.

The Company's risk of loss related to its interests in any of its VIEs is limited to the carrying value of the related investments held in the VIE.

VIEs - Consolidated

The following table presents the cost or amortized cost, fair value and balance sheet caption in which the assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs are reported as of December 31.

Investments in Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

	2017						2016
(In millions)	Cost or Amortized Cost			Fair Value			Cost or Amortized Cost			Fair Value
Assets:
Fixed maturities, available for sale		$	4,300		$	5,294		$	4,168		$	4,982
Perpetual securities, available for sale		238			215			237			208
Equity securities		606			753			972			1,044
Other investments (1)		2,341			2,328			819			789
Other assets (2)		151			151			127			127
Total assets of consolidated VIEs		$	7,636		$	8,741		$	6,323		$	7,150
Liabilities:
Other liabilities (2)		$	128		$	128		$	146		$	146
Total liabilities of consolidated VIEs		$	128		$	128		$	146		$	146

⁽¹⁾ Consists of TREs, CMLs, MMLs, and alternative investments in limited partnerships

⁽²⁾ Consists entirely of derivatives

The Company is substantively the only investor in the consolidated VIEs listed in the table above. As the sole investor in these VIEs, the Company has the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and is therefore considered to be the primary beneficiary of the VIEs that it consolidates. The Company also participates in substantially all of the variability created by these VIEs. The activities of these VIEs are limited to holding invested assets and foreign currency, and/or CDS, as appropriate, and utilizing the cash flows from these securities to service its investment. Neither the Company nor any of its creditors are able to obtain the underlying collateral of the VIEs unless there is an event of default or other specified event. For those VIEs that contain a swap, the Company is not a direct counterparty to the swap contracts and has no control over them. The Company's loss exposure to these VIEs is limited to its original investment. The Company's consolidated VIEs do not rely on outside or ongoing sources of funding to support their activities beyond the underlying collateral and swap contracts, if applicable. With the exception of its investments in unit trust structures, the underlying collateral assets and funding of the Company's consolidated VIEs are generally static in nature and the underlying collateral and the reference corporate entities covered by any CDS contracts were all investment grade at the time of issuance.

Investments in Unit Trust Structures

The Company invests through unit trust structures in yen-denominated public equity securities, U.S. dollar-denominated public equity securities, bank loans, transitional real estate loans, commercial mortgage loans, middle market loans, infrastructure debt, and alternative investments in limited partnerships. The Company is the only investor in these trusts and meets the requirements to consolidate these trusts under U.S. GAAP. The yen-denominated and U.S. dollar-denominated equity securities, bank loans and certain infrastructure debt are classified as available for sale in the financial statements. The commercial mortgage loans, middle market loans and certain infrastructure debt that meets the criteria to be classified as a loan are classified as loans held for investment and reflected in other investments on the consolidated balance sheets at amortized cost. Limited partnership investments are recognized as equity method investments.

VIEs - Not Consolidated

The table below reflects the amortized cost, fair value and balance sheet caption in which the Company's investment in VIEs not consolidated are reported as of December 31.

Investments in Variable Interest Entities Not Consolidated

	2017						2016
(In millions)	Amortized Cost			Fair Value			Amortized Cost			Fair Value
Assets:
Fixed maturities, available for sale		$	4,827		$	5,506		$	4,729		$	5,261
Perpetual securities, available for sale		177			218			172			200
Fixed maturities, held to maturity		2,549			2,929			2,563			2,948
Other investments		55			55			1			1
Total investments in VIEs not consolidated		$	7,608		$	8,708		$	7,465		$	8,410

The Company holds alternative investments in limited partnerships that have been determined to be VIEs. These partnerships invest in private equity and structured investments. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these investments is limited to the amount of its investment. The Company is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs and is therefore not required to consolidate them. The Company classifies these investments as Other investments in the consolidated balance sheets.

Certain investments in VIEs that the Company is not required to consolidate are investments that are in the form of debt obligations from the VIEs that are irrevocably and unconditionally guaranteed by their corporate parents or sponsors. These VIEs are the primary financing vehicles used by their corporate sponsors to raise financing in the capital markets. The variable interests created by these VIEs are principally or solely a result of the debt instruments issued by them. The Company does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance, nor does it have the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity. As such, the Company is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs and is therefore not required to consolidate them.

Securities Lending and Pledged Securities

The Company lends fixed-maturity and public equity securities to financial institutions in short-term security-lending transactions. These short-term security-lending arrangements increase investment income with minimal risk. The Company's security lending policy requires that the fair value of the securities and/or unrestricted cash received as collateral be 102% or more of the fair value of the loaned securities. These securities continue to be carried as investment assets on the Company's balance sheet during the terms of the loans and are not reported as sales. The Company receives cash or other securities as collateral for such loans. For loans involving unrestricted cash or securities as collateral, the collateral is reported as an asset with a corresponding liability for the return of the collateral.

Details of our securities lending activities as of December 31 were as follows:

Securities Lending Transactions Accounted for as Secured Borrowings
2017
Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
(In millions)	Overnight and Continuous(1)		Up to 30 days		Total
Securities lending transactions:
Japan government and agencies	$	0	$	49	$	49
Public utilities	73		0		73
Banks/financial institutions	54		0		54
Other corporate	415		0		415
Equity securities	15		0		15
Total borrowings	$	557	$	49	$	606
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for securities lending transactions					$	606
Amounts related to agreements not included in offsetting disclosure in Note 4					$	0

⁽¹⁾ These securities are pledged as collateral under the Company's U.S. securities lending program and can be called at its discretion; therefore, they are classified as Overnight and Continuous.

Securities Lending Transactions Accounted for as Secured Borrowings
2016
Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
(In millions)	Overnight and Continuous(1)		Up to 30 days		Total
Securities lending transactions:
Public utilities	$	62	$	0	$	62
Banks/financial institutions	34		0		34
Other corporate	430		0		430
Total borrowings	$	526	$	0	$	526
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for securities lending transactions					$	526
Amounts related to agreements not included in offsetting disclosure in Note 4					$	0

⁽¹⁾ These securities are pledged as collateral under the Company's U.S. securities lending program and can be called at its discretion; therefore, they are classified as Overnight and Continuous.

The Company did not have any repurchase agreements or repurchase-to-maturity transactions outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Certain fixed-maturity securities can be pledged as collateral as part of derivative transactions, or pledged to support state deposit requirements on certain investment programs. For additional information regarding pledged securities related to derivative transactions, see Note 4.

At December 31, 2017, debt securities with a fair value of $21 million were on deposit with regulatory authorities in the United States (including U.S. territories) and Japan. The Company retains ownership of all securities on deposit and receives the related investment income.

For general information regarding the Company's investment accounting policies, see Note 1.