10-K 1 a07-4932_110k.htm 10-K

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

x                              ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006

OR

o                                 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                       to 

Commission File Number 001-15283


IHOP CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

 

95-3038279

(State or other jurisdiction

 

(I.R.S. Employer

of incorporation or organization)

 

Identification No.)

450 North Brand Boulevard, Glendale, California

 

91203-2306

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (818) 240-6055

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $.01 Par Value

 

New York Stock Exchange

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer x

Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of July 2, 2006: $856 million.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class

 

 

 

Outstanding as of February 16, 2007

 

Common Stock, $.01 par value

 

 

17,880,448

 

 

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on Tuesday, May 8, 2007 (the “2007 Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference into Part III.

 




IHOP CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Annual Report on Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006
Table of Contents

 

 

 

Page

PART I.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1—Business

 

3

 

 

 

Item 1A—Risk Factors

 

11

 

 

 

Item 1B—Unresolved Staff Comments

 

15

 

 

 

Item 2—Properties

 

16

 

 

 

Item 3—Legal Proceedings

 

17

 

 

 

Item 4—Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

17

 

PART II.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 5—Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

18

 

 

 

Item 6—Selected Financial Data

 

20

 

 

 

Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

21

 

 

 

Item 7A—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

39

 

 

 

Item 8—Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

41

 

 

 

Item 9—Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

69

 

 

 

Item 9A—Controls and Procedures

 

69

 

 

 

Item 9B—Other Information

 

69

 

PART III.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 10—Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 

70

 

 

 

Item 11—Executive Compensation

 

70

 

 

 

Item 12—Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

70

 

 

 

Item 13—Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

70

 

 

 

Item 14—Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

70

 

PART IV.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 15—Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

71

 

 

 

Signatures

 

75

 

 

2




PART I

Item 1.                        Business.

a.   General Information

IHOP Corp. (referred to herein as the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in 1976. In July 1991, the Company completed an initial public offering of common stock. There were no significant changes to our corporate structure in the past five years.

IHOP Corp.’s principal executive offices are located at 450 North Brand Boulevard, Glendale, California 91203-2306 and our telephone number is (818) 240-6055. Our website is located at www.ihop.com. We make all of our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (referred to herein as the “SEC”) available free of charge on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports have been filed with or furnished to the SEC. The information contained on our website is not incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

This Annual Report on Form 10-K should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statements on page 21 under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.—Forward Looking Statements.”

b.   Financial Information about Industry Segments

We identify our segments based on the organizational units used by management to monitor performance and make operating decisions. Our segments are recorded in four categories: franchise operations, rental operations, company restaurant operations and financing operations. The franchise operations segment consists of restaurants operated by our franchisees and area licensees in the United States and Canada. Franchise operations revenue consists primarily of royalty revenues, sales of proprietary products, advertising fees and the portion of the franchise fees allocated to the Company’s intellectual property. Franchise operations expenses consist primarily of support for the national advertising fund, the cost of proprietary products and pre-opening expenses. Rental operations revenue consists of revenue from operating leases and interest income from direct financing leases. Rental operations expenses are costs of operating leases and interest expense on capital leases on franchisee-operated restaurants. The company restaurant operations segment consists of company-operated restaurants in the United States. Company restaurant sales are retail sales at company-operated restaurants. Company restaurant expenses are operating expenses at company-operated restaurants and include food, labor, benefits, utilities, rent and other real estate related costs. Financing operations revenue consists of the portion of franchise fees not allocated to the Company’s intellectual property and sales of equipment as well as interest income from the financing of franchise fees and equipment leases. Financing operations expenses are primarily the cost of restaurant equipment and interest expense not associated with capital leases.

c.   Narrative Description of Business

General

IHOP Corp. and its subsidiaries develop, franchise and operate International House of Pancakes, or IHOP, restaurants, one of America’s best-known, national, family restaurant chains. At December 31, 2006, there were 1,302 IHOP restaurants. Franchisees operated 1,132 of these restaurants, area licensees operated 160 restaurants, and the Company operated ten restaurants. Franchisees and area licensees are independent third parties who are licensed by us to operate their restaurants using our trademarks, operating systems and methods. IHOP restaurants are located in 49 states and Canada.

IHOP restaurants feature table service and moderately priced, high-quality food and beverage items in an attractive and comfortable atmosphere. Although the restaurants are best known for their

3




award-winning pancakes, omelets and other breakfast specialties, IHOP restaurants offer a broad array of lunch, dinner and snack items as well. They are open throughout the day and evening hours, and many operate 24 hours a day.

We seek to increase our revenues and profits by focusing on several areas of our business. These areas include: (1) franchising of new IHOP restaurants, (2) marketing, advertising and product development programs aimed at attracting new guests and retaining our existing guests, and (3) implementation at both franchise and company-operated restaurants of restaurant-level operating changes designed to improve sales and profitability.

Restaurant Development

Prior to 2004, we financed and developed the large majority of new IHOP restaurants prior to franchising them (the “Old Business Model”). Under the Old Business Model, when the restaurant was ultimately franchised, we typically became the franchisee’s landlord and equipment lessor. Our new business model (the “New Business Model”) relies on franchisees to find sources of financing and develop IHOP restaurants. Under the New Business Model, we approve the franchisees’ proposed sites but do not contribute capital or become the franchisee’s landlord.

Under the New Business Model, substantially all new IHOP restaurants are financed and developed by franchisees or area licensees. In 2006, our franchisees and area licensees financed and developed 65 additional new restaurants and we developed four restaurants in our company operations market in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Regardless of the business model, new IHOP restaurants are only developed after a stringent site selection process supervised by our senior management. We expect to add restaurants to the IHOP system in major markets where we already have a core guest base. We believe that concentrating growth in existing markets allows us to achieve economies of scale in our supervisory and advertising functions. We also look to strategically add restaurants in geographic areas in which we have no presence or our presence is limited.

Future Restaurant Development

In 2006, we entered into 30 franchise development agreements. As of December 31, 2006, we had signed commitments from our franchisees to build 365 restaurants over the next several years plus options for an additional 82 restaurants. This number includes 12 Single-Store Development Agreements, 80 Multi-Store Development Agreements and three International Development Agreements.

In 2007, we expect to open a total of 61 to 66 new restaurants, as follows: Our franchisees are expected to open approximately 55 to 60 new restaurants, our area licensee in Florida will open approximately three restaurants and we expect franchisees to open a total of three new restaurants in Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands in 2007. We expect the majority of openings to occur in the second and third quarters of 2007.

The following table represents our restaurant development commitments including options as of December 31, 2006.

 

 

 

 

Scheduled Opening of Restaurants by

 

 

 

Number of Signed
Agreements at 12/31/06

 

2007

 

2008

 

2009

 

2010 and
thereafter

 

Total

 

Single-store development agreements

 

 

12

 

 

 

8

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

 

 

Multi-store development agreements

 

 

80

 

 

 

59

 

 

 

73

 

 

 

62

 

 

 

215

 

 

 

409

 

 

International development agreements

 

 

3

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

17

 

 

 

26

 

 

 

 

 

95

 

 

 

71

 

 

 

79

 

 

 

65

 

 

 

232

 

 

 

447

 

 

 

4




The Company believes in 2007 there are approximately 500 to 600 additional IHOP restaurant opportunities existing in the United States, and is actively recruiting existing and new franchisees to develop these opportunities.

Franchising

Our franchising activities for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 included both company financed and franchisee financed development. For clarity of presentation, the discussion below is separated between those activities specific to the Old Business Model and those which apply to the New Business Model.

Old Business Model

Under the Old Business Model, when we developed a restaurant, we identified the site for the new restaurant, purchased the site or leased it from a third party, and built the restaurant and equipped it with all required equipment. We selected and trained the franchisee and supervisory personnel who would operate the restaurant. In addition, we financed approximately 80% of the franchise fee and leased the restaurant and equipment to the franchisee. In accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (herein referred to as “GAAP”), the equipment lease between the Company and the franchisee was treated as a sale in our financial statements.

Our involvement in the development and financing of new restaurants allowed the Company to charge a core franchise fee and development and financing fees totaling $50,000 to $575,000. The franchisee typically paid approximately 20% of the initial franchise fee in cash, and we financed the remaining amount over five to eight years. The financing of the initial franchise fee allowed the Company to derive interest income from the financing of the core franchise fee and development and financing fees, and the leasing of property and equipment to franchisees. We also continue to receive revenues from the franchisee as follows: (1) a royalty equal to 4.5% of the restaurant’s sales; (2) income from the leasing of the restaurant property and related equipment; (3) revenue from the sale of certain proprietary products, primarily pancake mixes; (4) a local advertising fee equal to about 2% of the restaurant’s sales, which is usually collected by us and then paid to a local advertising cooperative to cover the cost of media purchases and other advertising expenses; and (5) a national advertising fee equal to 1% of the restaurant’s sales. In some cases, we have agreed to accept reduced royalties for a period of time from franchisees in order to assist them in establishing their businesses, where business conditions justify it.

New Business Model

Under the New Business Model, our approach to franchising is similar to that of most franchising systems in the foodservice industry. Franchisees can undertake individual store development or multi-store development. Under the single-store development program, the franchisee is required to pay a non-refundable location fee of $15,000. If the proposed site is approved for development, the location fee of $15,000 is credited against an initial franchise fee of $50,000. The franchisee then uses his or her own capital and financial resources along with third party financial sources to acquire a site, build and equip the business and fund working capital needs.

In addition to offering franchises for individual restaurants, the Company offers multi-store development agreements. These multi-store development agreements provide franchisees with an exclusive right to develop new IHOP restaurants in designated geographic territories for specified periods of time. Multi-store developers are required to develop and operate a specified number of restaurants according to an agreed upon development schedule. Multi-store developers are required to pay a development fee of $20,000 for each restaurant to be developed under a multi-store development agreement. Additionally, for each store which is actually developed, the franchise developer must pay an

5




initial franchise fee of $40,000 against which the development fee of $20,000 is credited. The number of stores and the schedule of stores to be developed under multi-store development agreements are negotiated on an agreement by agreement basis. The average franchise period under the New Business Model is 20 years. With respect to restaurants developed under the New Business Model, the Company receives continuing revenues from the franchisee as follows: (1) a royalty equal to 4.5% of the restaurant’s sales; (2) revenue from the sale of certain proprietary products, primarily pancake mixes; (3) a local advertising fee equal to about 2% of the restaurant’s sales, which is usually paid to a local advertising cooperative; and (4) a national advertising fee equal to 1% of the restaurant’s sales.

In 2005, we began to charge a franchise renewal fee of approximately $50,000 per franchise agreement. This fee was charged to existing franchisees who refranchise their restaurants upon the expiration of the original franchise agreement.

Area License Agreements

We have long-term area licensing agreements covering the state of Florida and the southern-most counties of Georgia and the province of British Columbia, Canada. As of December 31, 2006, the area licensee for the state of Florida and certain counties in Georgia operated or sub-franchised a total of 148 IHOP restaurants and the area licensee for the province of British Columbia, Canada operated or sub-franchised a total of 12 IHOP restaurants. The area license agreements provide for royalties ranging from 0.5% to 2% of sales, and advertising fees of 0.25% of sales and give the area licensees the right to develop new IHOP restaurants in their territories. We also derive revenue from the sale of proprietary products to these area licensees and their sub-franchisees. We treat the revenues from our area licensees as franchise operations revenues for financial reporting purposes.

Company-Operated Restaurants

Company-operated restaurants are comprised of our dedicated company-operations market in Cincinnati, Ohio. In addition, from time to time, restaurants developed by the Company under the Old Business Model are returned by franchisees to the Company and operated by the Company. The type and number of company-operated restaurants varies from time to time as we develop new restaurants, reacquire franchised restaurants and franchise reacquired restaurants.

At the end of 2006, the Company operated a total of ten IHOP restaurants, all of which are located in our dedicated Company market of Cincinnati. The Company will operate these restaurants in order to highlight best practices in operations and training, and perform various marketing, development and operations tests that can be instructive in the development of new business ideas. Restaurants that we reacquire from franchisees usually require investment in remodeling and rehabilitation before being refranchised. As a consequence, a number of reacquired company-operated restaurants are likely to incur operating losses during the period of their rehabilitation.

Refranchising Program

From time to time, we reacquire restaurants from franchisees for various reasons including franchisees not meeting their financial obligations to the Company. Our strategy is to refranchise these restaurants without operating the restaurant whenever possible. However, when it is necessary to operate the restaurant, our goal is to refranchise the restaurant as quickly as possible. We never operated five of the nine total restaurants refranchised in 2006. In 2006, the average time from the takeback to refranchising restaurants was approximately 19 days.

6




Remodel Program

We require all of our franchisees to periodically remodel their restaurants. In most instances, we require that the restaurants be remodeled at least every five years. In 2004, we finalized our new “ICON” remodel package. We believe that the new “ICON” remodel design will continue to revitalize the IHOP brand and create an environment that our guests can enjoy throughout the day. In 2006, there were 182 remodels completed, bringing the total number of restaurants remodeled under the new “ICON” remodel package to 351. We believe that our franchisees will complete approximately 220 remodels in 2007.

Composition of Franchise System

The table below sets forth information regarding the distribution of single-store and multi-store franchisees in the IHOP system as of December 31, 2006. It does not include information concerning our area licensees or their sub-franchisees.

Number of Restaurants
Held by Franchisee

 

 

 

Franchisees

 

Percent
of Total

 

Restaurants

 

Percent
of Total

 

One

 

 

175

 

 

 

47.8

%

 

 

175

 

 

 

15.5

%

 

Two to Five

 

 

143

 

 

 

39.1

%

 

 

386

 

 

 

34.1

%

 

Six to Ten

 

 

31

 

 

 

8.5

%

 

 

229

 

 

 

20.2

%

 

Eleven to Fifteen

 

 

7

 

 

 

1.9

%

 

 

88

 

 

 

7.8

%

 

Sixteen and over

 

 

10

 

 

 

2.7

%

 

 

254

 

 

 

22.4

%

 

Total

 

 

366

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

 

1,132

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

 

Restaurant Operations and Support

It is our goal to make every dining experience at both franchise and company-operated restaurants a satisfying one. Our franchisees and managers of company-operated restaurants always strive to exceed guests’ expectations. We hold firm to the belief that a satisfied guest will be a repeat guest and will tell others about our restaurants. To ensure that our guests’ expectations are fulfilled, we take steps to make certain that all restaurants are operated in accordance with uniform operating standards and specifications relating to the quality and preparation of menu items, selection of menu items, maintenance, repair and cleanliness of premises, and the appearance and conduct of employees.

Our Operations Department is charged with ensuring that these high standards are met at all times. We have developed our operating standards in consultation with our franchisee operators. These standards are detailed in our Manual of Standard Operating Procedures.

The Company has established a rating system whereby all IHOP franchisees are evaluated and graded on important operational standards. The evaluation consists of many factors including consultation, mystery shop and health department scores. The franchisee grades are on an “A” through “F” scale. Our Operations Department works closely with all of our operators in order to improve their scores and grades. However, in the cases of “D” and “F” operators, immediate improvement is expected or proactive efforts are undertaken to remove these operators from our system.

Each franchise restaurant is assigned a Franchise Business Consultant and an Operational Assessment Specialist. The Franchise Business Consultant regularly visits an assigned group of restaurants and is responsible for consultation with franchisees regarding financial, operational, marketing, and human resource objectives, including certification of trainers, and development of strategies and tactics for each franchise restaurant. In addition, the Franchise Business Consultant assists the franchisee in the achievement of sales objectives. The Operational Assessment Specialist visits an assigned group of restaurants at least twice a year, and is responsible for conducting operational audits, providing

7




consultation reports, and assessing product quality, quality assurance, equipment, facilities, and management techniques. The Company expects to outsource the Operational Assessment Specialist functions in 2007.

Training is ongoing at all IHOP restaurants. A prospective franchisee is required to participate in an extensive training program before he or she is first sold a franchise. The training program involves classroom study and hands-on operational training in one of our regional training restaurants. Each franchisee learns to cook, wait on tables, serve as a host, wash dishes and perform each of the other tasks necessary to operate a successful restaurant. New restaurant opening teams provide on-site instruction to restaurant employees to assist in the opening of most new IHOP restaurants.

The Company offers additional training courses periodically throughout the year on subjects such as operations improvement, guest service, leadership, technology in the restaurants, and new menu items. In 2007, the Company is rolling out its new IHOP Restaurant Training Program (“IRTP”) which is a comprehensive program aimed at training all non-management, restaurant-level employees. This program is a paper/video based program, designed to be flexible to the learner and adaptable to different franchisee systems. It covers full training for Servers, Cook positions, Host/Hostess/Cashiers, Dish Machine Operators, and Bussers. The program was created and tested in 2006 and is being rolled out in the first quarter of 2007.

The IHOP menu offers a large selection of high-quality, moderately priced products designed to appeal to a broad guest base. These include a wide variety of pancakes, waffles, omelets and breakfast specialties, chicken, steak, sandwiches, salads and lunch and dinner specialties. Most IHOP restaurants offer special items for children and seniors at reduced prices. In recognition of local tastes, IHOP restaurants typically offer regional specialties that complement the IHOP core menu. Our Product Research and Development Department works together with franchisees and our Operations and Marketing Departments to continually develop new menu and promotion ideas. These new items are thoroughly evaluated in our test kitchen and in limited regional tests, which include both operational tests and media supported tests, before being introduced throughout the system through core menu updates at least once annually. The purpose of adding new items is to enhance the menu through improving existing items and adding new items which will appeal to our customers. All our efforts are based on consumer research and feedback,which help us identify opportunities for improvement to existing items as well as for developing new items.

Mystery Shop Program

The Company utilizes an independent firm to conduct unannounced and anonymous visits to each IHOP restaurant several times each quarter. These “mystery shoppers” provide the Company and our franchisees direct independent feedback at the restaurant on food quality, cleanliness, service and other aspects of the “guest” experience at IHOP restaurants. This on-going independent Mystery Shop Program is designed to give us a better understanding of how our restaurant teams operate and how we measure against our competitors. As a result, we are able to apply the individual feedback from each mystery shop visit at the restaurant level and work closely with our franchisees to develop a specific action plan to improve each restaurant’s performance. This program is incorporated into the Company’s rating system which evaluates and grades all IHOP franchisees. The Company believes improved operations of each individual restaurant through this rating system will provide a basis for continued increases in same-store sales performance over time.

Marketing and Advertising

All IHOP franchisees and company-operated restaurants contribute 2% of sales to local advertising cooperatives. The advertising co-ops use these funds to purchase television advertising time, radio

8




advertising time and place advertisements in printed media or direct mail locally. In addition to these forms of advertising, we encourage other local marketing by our franchisees. These marketing programs often include discount coupons and specials aimed at increasing guest traffic and encouraging repeat business.

In addition, IHOP franchisees and company-operated restaurants contribute 1% of sales to a national advertising fund. We pursue national television advertising, in recognition of the national scope of the chain and the economies of scale available to national advertisers. Continuing our use of national advertising and our new successful advertising campaign, we implemented four promotions in 2006 supported with national advertising and two others supported with local media. The combined impact of the media spending, the creative campaign and the execution at the store level helped us achieve a system-wide same-store sales increase of 2.5% for the year, on top of the 2.9% increase in 2005. In 2007, with the strong support of our franchisees, a portion of our local cooperative advertising will be reallocated to our national advertising fund allowing us to reach our target audience more frequently and in a more effective way through increased national spending.

In 2007, we plan to launch six promotions, five of which will be advertised on national television. We plan to continue to use our very successful “Come hungry. Leave happy.” advertising campaign and our strategy of building on our breakfast strength while growing sales at lunch, dinner and other day parts. With the appeal of limited time offerings unique to IHOP, the power of national advertising and the positive momentum in the field, we expect to continue to drive increased same-store sales throughout our system.

Purchasing

We have entered into supply contracts for pancake mixes and pricing agreements for most major products carried in IHOP restaurants to ensure the availability of quality products at competitive prices. We also have negotiated agreements with food distribution companies to limit markups charged on food and restaurant supplies purchased by individual IHOP restaurants. In some instances, we are required to enter into commitments to purchase food and other items on behalf of the IHOP system as a whole for the purpose of supplying limited-time promotions. At December 31, 2006, our outstanding purchase commitments for upcoming limited-time offers advertised on television were $0.7 million. We have developed processes to facilitate the liquidation of these commitments to minimize financial exposure. In addition, to take advantage of economies associated with system-wide volume purchasing, the Company and our franchisees have developed procurement processes to secure favorable pricing agreements based on system-wide ordering and ensure availability for most major products carried in IHOP restaurants.

Competition and Markets

The restaurant business is highly competitive and is affected by, among other things, changes in eating habits and preferences, local, regional and national economic conditions, population trends and traffic patterns. The principal bases of competition in the industry are the type, quality and price of the food products served. Additionally, restaurant location, quality and speed of service, advertising, name identification and attractiveness of facilities are important.

The acquisition of sites is also highly competitive. Our franchisees often compete with other restaurant chains and retail businesses for suitable sites for the development of new restaurants.

Foodservice chains in the United States include the following segments: quick-service sandwich, chicken, pizza, fast casual, family restaurant, casual dining, dinner house, buffet, hotel restaurant and contract/catering. Differentiated chains competing within their segments against each other and local, single-outlet operators characterize the current structure of the U.S. restaurant and institutional foodservice market.

9




Information published in 2006 by The Nations Restaurant News ranked IHOP 25 out of the top 100 foodservice chains based on estimated fiscal 2005 system-wide sales in the United States. The same publication included nine family restaurant chains in its top 100 chains, and IHOP ranked second in this segment based on system-wide sales.

The Company also competes against other franchising organizations both within and outside the restaurant industry for new franchise developers.

Trademarks and Service Marks

We have registered our trademarks and service marks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. These include “International House of Pancakes,” “IHOP” and variations of each, as well as “The Never Empty Coffee Pot,” “Rooty Tooty Fresh ‘N Fruity,” and “Harvest Grain ‘N Nut.” We also register new trademarks and service marks from time to time. We have also registered our trademarks and service marks and variations thereof in Canada for use by our current licensees. Where feasible and appropriate, we register our trademarks and service marks in other nations for future use.

In 2006, we became aware of certain technical issues relating to registrations and applications filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office prior to July 5, 1999 (the “Pre-1999 Registrations”), which include registrations for various “IHOP” and “International House of Pancakes” marks. These issues affected the continued validity of the Pre-1999 Registrations and made inaccurate certain statements in the Uniform Franchise Offering Circular (“UFOC”) we used during certain periods after July 5, 1999.

The invalidity of the Pre-1999 Registrations affects our ability to take advantage of certain trademark enforcement features available under the Lanham Act (15 U.S.C. §1051 et seq.) with respect to the trademarks covered by the Pre-1999 Registrations. We have taken and will continue to take corrective actions including canceling the Pre-1999 Registrations and obtaining new registrations for any affected trademarks that are still in use. We anticipate these steps will be fully effective within the next 18-24 months. Our intellectual property rights include the common law rights in the marks that are subject to the Pre-1999 Registrations, as well as post-July 5, 1999 registrations for logos which contain “IHOP” and “International House of Pancakes” and rights in other more recent registered marks, such as “Come Hungry. Leave Happy.”

We may rely upon the extensive common law rights in the trademarks subject to Pre-1999 Registrations derived from established usage of the “IHOP” and “International House of Pancakes” marks and IHOP’s presence in 49 states to address trademark infringement under federal and state law. Federal registration is not required to bring a trademark infringement claim under Section 43(a) of the Lanham Act or to bring unfair competition claims under state law. We do not need to rely on its U.S. federal registrations as bases to obtain or maintain foreign trademark registrations. Accordingly, we should continue to have the ability to enforce our existing rights in the affected marks.

In addition, we have taken the corrective actions we believe necessary with respect to any misstatements in the UFOCs derived from the invalid trademark registrations, including the filing of amendments to those UFOCs in those States where amended filings are required.

We believe that any issues regarding the invalidity of the federal registrations of the affected marks and the related UFOC misstatements have not had and will not have any material impact on the IHOP Franchisees or our business.

We are not aware of any infringing uses that could materially affect our business, or any prior claim to any rights in these marks that would prevent us from using or licensing the use of those marks for IHOP Restaurants in any area of the United States. In addition, we believe that the inadvertent misstatements in the UFOCs derived from the invalid trademark registrations have had no adverse consequences to us or to

10




our Franchisees and that adverse regulatory action based on the inadvertent misstatements in the UFOCs is not reasonably likely to occur.

Seasonal Operations

The Company does not consider its operations to be seasonal to any material degree.

Government Regulation

We are subject to various federal, state and local laws affecting our business as well as a variety of regulatory provisions relating to zoning of restaurant sites, sanitation, health and safety. As a franchisor, we are subject to state and federal laws regulating various aspects of franchise operations and sales. These laws impose registration and disclosure requirements on franchisors in the offer and sale of franchises. In certain cases, they also apply substantive standards to the relationship between franchisor and franchisee, including primarily defaults, termination, non-renewal of franchises, and the potential impact of new IHOP restaurants on sales levels at existing IHOP restaurants. Environmental requirements have not had a material effect on the operations of our company-operated restaurants or the restaurants of our franchisees.

Various federal and state labor laws govern our relationships with our employees. These include such matters as minimum wage requirements, overtime and other working conditions. Significant additional government-imposed increases in minimum wages, paid leaves of absence, mandated health benefits or increased tax reporting and tax payment requirements with respect to employees who receive gratuities could, however, be detrimental to the economic viability of franchisee-operated and company-operated IHOP restaurants.

Employees

At December 31, 2006, we employed 972 persons, of whom 267 were full-time, non-restaurant, corporate personnel.

Item 1A.                Risk Factors.

Risks Related to the Food Service Industry.   Food service businesses may be affected by changes in consumer tastes, national, regional and local economic and political conditions, demographic trends, and the impact on consumer eating habits of new information regarding diet, nutrition and health. The performance of individual restaurants may be adversely affected by factors such as traffic patterns, demographics and the type, number and location of competing restaurants.

Multi-unit food service businesses such as ours can also be materially and adversely affected by widespread negative publicity of any type, but particularly regarding food quality, illness, obesity, injury or other health concerns with respect to certain foods. All restaurants are operated in accordance with uniform operating standards and specifications relating to the quality and preparation of menu items, maintenance, repair and cleanliness of premises. Nevertheless, the risk of food-borne illness cannot be completely eliminated. Any outbreak of such illness attributed to our restaurants or within the food service industry or any widespread negative publicity regarding our brands or the restaurant industry in general could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

11




Dependence on frequent deliveries of fresh produce and groceries subjects food service businesses, such as ours, to the risk that shortages or interruptions in supply, caused by adverse weather or other conditions, could adversely affect the availability, quality and cost of ingredients. In addition, unfavorable trends or developments concerning factors such as inflation, increased cost of food, labor, construction, fuel, utilities, technology, insurance and employee benefits (including increases in hourly wage, and workers’ compensation and other insurance premiums), increases in the number and locations of competing restaurants, regional weather conditions and the availability of experienced management and hourly employees, may also adversely affect the food service industry in general. Changes in economic conditions affecting our customers could reduce traffic in some or all of our restaurants or impose practical limits on pricing, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Our continued success will depend in part on our ability to anticipate, identify and respond to changing conditions.

Risks Associated with the Company’s Development Plan.   The Company relies on franchisees to develop IHOP restaurants. Development involves substantial risks, including the risk of (a) the availability of suitable locations and terms of the sites designated for development, (b) the ability of franchise developers to fulfill their commitments to build new IHOP restaurants in the numbers and time frames covered by their development agreements, (c) the availability of financing to franchisees at acceptable rates and terms, (d) delays in completion of construction, (e) developed properties not achieving desired revenue or cash flow levels once opened, (f) competition for suitable development sites, (g) changes in governmental rules, regulations, and interpretations (including interpretations of the requirements of the American with Disabilities Act (ADA), and (h) general economic and business conditions.

Although we intend to manage our future restaurant development to reduce such risks, we cannot be sure that present or future development will perform in accordance with our expectations. We cannot be sure that the development and construction of the facilities will be completed, or that any such development will be completed in a timely manner. Our inability to expand in accordance with our plans or manage our growth could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Entering New Domestic Markets.   We cannot be sure that we will be able to successfully expand or acquire critical market presence for our brands in new geographic markets, as we may encounter well-established competitors with substantially greater financial resources. Our franchisees may be unable to find attractive locations, acquire name recognition, successfully market our products and attract new customers. Competitive circumstances and consumer characteristics in new market segments and new geographic markets may differ substantially from those in the market segments and geographic markets in which we have substantial experience. We cannot assure that our franchisees will be able to profitably operate new franchised restaurants in new geographic markets. Management decisions to curtail or cease investment in certain locations or markets may result in impairment charges.

Risks Related to Entering New International Markets.   We cannot be sure that we will be successful in our international markets or in achieving expected growth. Certain inherent risks are associated with international markets such as foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, interpretation and application of laws and regulations, restrictive actions of foreign or United States governmental authorities affecting trade and foreign investment, including protective measures such as export and customs duties and tariffs and restrictions on the level of foreign ownership, import or other business licensing requirements, the enforceability of intellectual property and contract rights, and lower levels of consumer spending on a per capita basis than in the United States.

Risks Related to Competition.   The restaurant industry is highly competitive with respect to price, service, location, personnel and the type and quality of food. Each of our restaurants competes directly and indirectly with a large number of national and regional restaurant chains, as well as with locally-owned

12




quick service restaurants, fast-casual restaurants, sandwich shops and similar types of businesses. The trend toward convergence in grocery, deli, and restaurant services may increase the number of our competitors. Such increased competition could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Certain of our competitors have introduced a variety of new products and engaged in substantial price discounting in recent years and may continue to do so in the future. We plan to continue our product promotion schedule supported by national and local advertising, as well as strengthen our core menu. However, there can be no assurance of the success of our new products, initiatives or our overall strategies or that competitive product offerings, pricing and promotions will not have an adverse effect upon our results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Advertising.   We plan to continue our advertising campaign “Come hungry. Leave happy.” which we believe resonates positively with our customers, as well as continue to shift advertising expenditures from local market spending to coordinated national spending with the support of our franchisees. Should our competitors increase spending on advertising and promotion, should the cost of television or radio advertising increase, or our advertising funds decrease for any reason, including implementation of reduced spending strategies, or should our advertising and promotion be less effective than that of our competitors, there could be a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Income Taxes.   Our income tax provision is based on estimates of federal and state income tax liabilities and includes effective state and local income tax rates, allowable tax credits for items such as FICA taxes paid on reported tip income and estimates related to depreciation expenses allowable for tax purposes. Thus, our income tax provision may vary quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year based on these estimates. We usually file our income tax returns a number of months after our fiscal year-end. All tax returns are subject to audit by federal and state governments, usually years after the returns are filed, and could be subject to differing interpretation of the tax laws. The ultimate outcome of these audits could have an adverse effect upon our results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, our tax contingency reserves result from estimates of potential liabilities resulting from differences between actual and audited results. Changes in the tax contingency reserve result from resolution of audits of prior year filings, the expiration of the statute of limitations, changes in tax laws and current year estimates for asserted and unasserted items. Inherent uncertainties exist in estimates of tax contingencies due to changes in tax law, both legislated and concluded through the various jurisdictions’ tax court systems. Significant changes in our estimates could adversely affect our reported results.

Risks Related to Franchise Operations.   The opening and success of franchised restaurants depends on various factors, including the demand for our franchises and the selection of appropriate franchisee candidates, the availability of suitable sites, the negotiation of acceptable lease or purchase terms for new locations, permitting and regulatory compliance, the ability to meet construction schedules, the availability of financing and other capabilities of our franchisees and developers. We cannot be sure that developers planning the opening of franchised restaurants will have the business abilities or sufficient access to financial resources necessary to open the restaurants required by their agreements. We cannot be sure that franchisees will successfully participate in our strategic initiatives or operate their restaurants in a manner consistent with our concept and standards. In addition, certain federal and state laws govern our relationships with our franchisees. See “Risks Related to Government Regulations” below.

Risks Related to Government Regulations.   The restaurant industry is subject to extensive federal, state and local governmental regulations, including those relating to the preparation and sale of food and those relating to building and zoning requirements. We and our franchisees are also subject to licensing and regulation by state and local departments relating to health, sanitation and safety standards, and to laws governing our relationships with employees, including minimum wage requirements, overtime, working conditions and citizenship requirements. The ability to obtain or maintain such licenses or publicity

13




resulting from actual or alleged violations of such laws could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. We are also subject to federal regulation and certain state laws which govern the offer and sale of franchises. Many state franchise laws impose substantive requirements on franchise agreements, including limitations on non-competition provisions and on provisions concerning the termination or non-renewal of a franchise. Some states require that certain materials be registered before franchises can be offered or sold in that state. The failure to obtain or retain licenses or approvals to sell franchises could adversely affect us and our franchisees. Changes in, and the cost of compliance with, government regulations could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

Risks Related to Trademarks and Service Marks.   We are dependent on continued rights to use, exploit and protect our trademarks and service marks, many of which have been in use for many years. In 2006, we became aware of certain technical issues relating to registrations and applications filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office prior to July 5, 1999 (the “Pre 1999 Registrations”), which include registrations for various “IHOP” and “International House of Pancakes” marks. These issues affected the continued validity of the Pre-1999 Registrations and made inaccurate certain statements in the Uniform Franchise Offering Circular (“UFOC”) we used during certain periods after July 5, 1999.

The invalidity of the Pre-1999 Registrations affects our ability to take advantage of certain trademark enforcement features available under the Lanham Act with respect to the trademarks covered by the Pre-1999 Registrations. We have taken and will continue to take corrective actions including canceling the Pre-1999 Registrations and obtaining new registrations for any affected trademarks that are still in use. We anticipate these steps will be fully effective within the next 18-24 months.

Our intellectual property rights include the common law rights in the marks that are subject to the Pre-1999 Registrations, as well as post-July 5, 1999 registrations for logos which contain “IHOP” and “International House of Pancakes” and rights in other more recent registered marks, such as “Come Hungry. Leave Happy.” We may rely upon the extensive common law rights in the trademarks subject to Pre-1999 Registrations derived from established usage of the “IHOP” and “International House of Pancakes” marks and IHOP’s presence in 49 states to address trademark infringement under federal and state law. Federal registration is not required to bring a trademark infringement claim under Section 43(a) of the Lanham Act or to bring unfair competition claims under state law. We do not need to rely on its U.S. federal registrations as bases to obtain or maintain foreign trademark registrations. Accordingly, we should continue to have the ability to enforce our existing rights in the affected marks.

Under the Lanham Act, there are a number of benefits afforded to marks registered on the Principal Register of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. These benefits include, among other things: (1) constructive notice that the registrant of the mark has the right to use the mark throughout the United States; (2) prima facie evidence that the mark is valid; (3) prima facie evidence that the mark has been in continuous use since filing of the application; (4) the fact that the mark cannot be attacked on the basis of prior use or descriptiveness, after five years of continuous use; and (5) the existence of certain rights under international conventions that assist in foreign registration of the mark. The invalidity of the Pre-1999 Registrations means that we will not be able to rely on these provisions of the Lanham Act until the new registrations are effective.

In addition, we have taken the corrective actions we believe necessary with respect to any misstatements in the UFOCs derived from the invalid trademark registrations, including the filing of amendments to those UFOCs in those States where amended filings are required.

We believe that any issues regarding the invalidity of the federal registrations of the affected marks and the related UFOC misstatements have not had and will not have any material impact on the IHOP Franchisees or our business.

14




We are not aware of any infringing uses that could materially affect our business, or any prior claim to any rights in these marks that would prevent us from using or licensing the use of those marks in any area of the United States. In addition, we believe that the inadvertent misstatements in the UFOCs derived from the invalid trademark registrations have had no adverse consequences to us or to our Franchisees and that adverse regulatory action based on the inadvertent misstatements in the UFOCs is not reasonably likely to occur.

Risks Related to the Failure of Internal Controls.   The Company maintains a documented system of internal controls which is reviewed and monitored by the Audit Committee and tested by the Company’s full time Internal Audit Department to meet the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 standards. The Internal Audit Department reports to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The Company believes it has a well-designed system to maintain adequate internal controls on the business. However, there can be no assurance that there will not be any control deficiencies in the future. Should we become aware of any significant control deficiencies, the Audit Committee will require prompt remediation. We have devoted significant resources to document, test, monitor and improve our internal controls and will continue to do so; however, we cannot be certain that these measures will ensure that our controls are adequate in the future or that adequate controls will be effective in preventing fraud. If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we might not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. Any failures in the effectiveness of our internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our operating results or cause us to fail to meet reporting obligations.

Item 1B.               Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

15




Item 2.                        Properties.

The table below shows the location and status of the 1,302 IHOP restaurants as of December 31, 2006:

Location

 

 

 

Franchise

 

Company-
Operated

 

Area
License

 

Total

 

United States

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alabama

 

 

17

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

17

 

 

Alaska

 

 

2

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

2

 

 

Arizona

 

 

32

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

32

 

 

Arkansas

 

 

12

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

12

 

 

California

 

 

221

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

221

 

 

Colorado

 

 

28

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

28

 

 

Connecticut

 

 

5

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

5

 

 

Delaware

 

 

3

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

3

 

 

Florida

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

145

 

 

 

145

 

 

Georgia

 

 

56

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

59

 

 

Hawaii

 

 

2

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

2

 

 

Idaho

 

 

8

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

8

 

 

Illinois

 

 

50

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

50

 

 

Indiana

 

 

17

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

17

 

 

Iowa

 

 

8

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

8

 

 

Kansas

 

 

14

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

14

 

 

Kentucky

 

 

2

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

3

 

 

Louisiana

 

 

20

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

20

 

 

Maine

 

 

1

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1

 

 

Maryland

 

 

28

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

28

 

 

Massachusetts

 

 

16

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

16

 

 

Michigan

 

 

15

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

15

 

 

Minnesota

 

 

9

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

9

 

 

Mississippi

 

 

9

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

9

 

 

Missouri

 

 

23

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

23

 

 

Montana

 

 

4

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

4

 

 

Nebraska

 

 

6

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

6

 

 

Nevada

 

 

22

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

22

 

 

New Hampshire

 

 

2

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

2

 

 

New Jersey

 

 

34

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

34

 

 

New Mexico

 

 

11

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

11

 

 

New York

 

 

37

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

37

 

 

North Carolina

 

 

32

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

32

 

 

North Dakota

 

 

1

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1

 

 

Ohio

 

 

18

 

 

 

9

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

27

 

 

Oklahoma

 

 

20

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

20

 

 

Oregon

 

 

9

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

9

 

 

Pennsylvania

 

 

16

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

16

 

 

Rhode Island

 

 

1

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1

 

 

South Carolina

 

 

22

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

22

 

 

South Dakota

 

 

2

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

2

 

 

Tennessee

 

 

26

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

26

 

 

Texas

 

 

158

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

158

 

 

Utah

 

 

18

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

18

 

 

Virginia

 

 

48

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

48

 

 

Washington

 

 

27

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

27

 

 

West Virginia

 

 

5

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

5

 

 

Wisconsin

 

 

12

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

12

 

 

Wyoming

 

 

3

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

3

 

 

International

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canada

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

12

 

 

Totals

 

 

1,132

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

160

 

 

 

1,302

 

 

 

16




As of December 31, 2006, all of the ten company-operated restaurants were located on sites leased by us from third parties. Of the 1,132 franchisee-operated restaurants, 61 were located on sites owned by us, 725 were located on sites leased by us from third parties and 346 were located on sites owned or leased by franchisees. All of the restaurants operated by area licensees were located on sites owned or leased by the area licensees.

Our leases with our landlords generally provide for an initial term of 20 to 25 years, with most having one or more five-year renewal options in our favor. The leases typically provide for payment of rents in an amount equal to the greater of a fixed amount or a specified percentage of gross sales and for payment by us of taxes, insurance premiums, maintenance expenses and certain other costs. Historically, it has been our practice to seek and extend, through negotiation, those leases that expire without renewal options. However, from time to time we choose not to renew a lease or are unsuccessful in negotiating satisfactory renewal terms. When this occurs, the restaurant is closed and possession of the premises is returned to the landlord.

We currently lease our principal corporate offices in Glendale, California under a lease expiring in June 2010. We also lease small executive suite space in various cities across the United States for use as regional offices.

Item 3.                        Legal Proceedings.

We are party to certain litigation arising in the ordinary course of business which, in the opinion of management, should not have a material adverse effect upon either the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Item 4.                        Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.

17




PART II

Item 5.        Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “IHP”. As of January 31, 2007, there were approximately 7,632 stockholders of record.

The following table sets forth the high and low prices of our common stock for each quarter of 2006 and 2005 as reported by the NYSE.

 

 

Fiscal Year 2006

 

Fiscal Year 2005

 

 

 

Prices

 

Dividends

 

Prices

 

Dividends

 

Quarter

 

 

 

High

 

Low

 

Paid

 

High

 

Low

 

Paid

 

First

 

$

53.80

 

$

45.82

 

 

$

0.25

 

 

$

50.50

 

$

39.90

 

 

$

0.25

 

 

Second

 

51.09

 

43.94

 

 

0.25

 

 

50.34

 

38.50

 

 

0.25

 

 

Third

 

48.91

 

44.06

 

 

0.25

 

 

46.05

 

37.97

 

 

0.25

 

 

Fourth

 

54.59

 

46.30

 

 

0.25

 

 

49.46

 

39.03

 

 

0.25

 

 

 

In March 2003, the board of directors first declared a cash dividend of $0.25 per common share, which was paid in May 2003. At that time, the board of directors indicated its intention to declare and pay quarterly dividends in the future, subject to the discretion of the board of directors and the Company’s earnings, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects and other factors. The Company has paid regular quarterly dividends of $0.25 per common share since May 2003.

On January 16, 2007, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per common share payable February 20, 2007, to stockholders of record as of February 1, 2007.

The following table provides information relating to the Company’s repurchases of stock during the fourth quarter of 2006:

Period

 

 

 

Total
Number
of Shares
Purchased

 

Average
Price Paid
per Share

 

Total
Number
of Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs(1)

 

Maximum
Number of Shares
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs(2)

 

October 1, 2006—October 31, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,208,424

 

 

November 1, 2006—November 30, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,208,424

 

 

December 1, 2006—December 31, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,208,424

 

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,208,424

 

 


(1)   Total number of shares repurchased through December 31, 2006 under the stock repurchase plan announced in January 2003 is 4,991,576. This includes 4,102,290 shares repurchased in 2003, 2004 and 2005.

(2)   The above-mentioned stock repurchase plan provided for the repurchase of up to 7.2 million shares, which includes a 2.0 million share increase authorized by our Board of Directors on August 21, 2006.

18




The following graph shows a comparison of the cumulative total return to shareholders for the Company, the S&P 500 Composite Index (the”S&P 500”) and the Value-Line Restaurants Index (the “Restaurant Index”) from December 31, 2001 through December 31, 2006. The graph assumes an initial investment in stock of $100 and subsequent reinvestment of any dividends.

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return*
IHOP Corp, Standard & Poors 500 And Value Line Restaurants Index
(Performance Results Through 12/31/06)

GRAPHIC

 

 

2001

 

2002

 

2003

 

2004

 

2005

 

2006

 

IHOP Corp

 

100.00

 

81.91

 

134.48

 

150.40

 

172.36

 

197.56

 

Standard & Poors 500

 

100.00

 

76.63

 

96.85

 

105.56

 

108.73

 

123.54

 

Restaurants

 

100.00

 

92.12

 

136.13

 

183.17

 

200.12

 

248.25

 

 

Assumes $100 invested at the close of trading 12/01 in IHOP Corp common stock, Standard & Poors 500, and Restaurants.


*       Cumulative total return assumes reinvestment of dividends.

Source: Value Line, Inc.

19




Item 6.                        Selected Financial Data.

Five-Year Financial Summary

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

 

 

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Franchise revenues

 

$

179,331

 

$

167,384

 

$

157,584

 

$

140,131

 

$

123,050

 

Rental income

 

132,101

 

131,626

 

131,763

 

117,258

 

99,595

 

Company restaurant sales

 

13,585

 

13,964

 

31,564

 

74,880

 

74,433

 

Financing revenues

 

24,543

 

35,049

 

38,091

 

72,536

 

68,796

 

Total revenues

 

349,560

 

348,023

 

359,002

 

404,805

 

365,874

 

Costs and expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Franchise expenses

 

83,079

 

78,768

 

77,402

 

64,265

 

55,139

 

Rental expenses

 

97,904

 

98,391

 

95,392

 

86,620

 

73,812

 

Company restaurant expenses

 

15,601

 

15,095

 

34,701

 

81,737

 

78,422

 

Financing expenses

 

11,881

 

20,336

 

20,674

 

43,619

 

38,185

 

General and administrative expenses

 

63,543

 

58,801

 

59,890

 

54,575

 

49,526

 

Other expense, net

 

4,659

 

4,870

 

2,664

 

3,867

 

4,983

 

Impairment and closure charges

 

43

 

896

 

14,112

 

2,187

 

450

 

Reorganization charges

 

 

 

 

9,085

 

 

Total costs and expenses

 

276,710

 

277,157

 

304,835

 

345,955

 

300,517

 

Income before income taxes

 

72,850

 

70,866

 

54,167

 

58,850

 

65,357

 

Provision for income taxes

 

28,297

 

26,929

 

20,746

 

22,068

 

24,509

 

Net income

 

$

44,553

 

$

43,937

 

$

33,421

 

$

36,782

 

$

40,848

 

Net income per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

2.46

 

$

2.26

 

$

1.62

 

$

1.72

 

$

1.95

 

Diluted

 

$

2.43

 

$

2.24

 

$

1.61

 

$

1.70

 

$

1.92

 

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

18,085

 

19,405

 

20,606

 

21,424

 

20,946

 

Diluted

 

18,298

 

19,603

 

20,791

 

21,614

 

21,269

 

Dividends declared per share(a)

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

$

.75

 

$

 

Dividends paid per share(a)

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

$

.75

 

$

 

Balance Sheet Data (end of year)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

19,516

 

$

23,111

 

$

44,031

 

$

27,996

 

$

98,739

 

Marketable securities

 

 

 

14,504

 

45,537

 

 

Property and equipment, net

 

309,737

 

317,959

 

326,848

 

314,221

 

286,226

 

Total assets

 

768,870

 

771,080

 

821,677

 

843,004

 

819,800

 

Long-term debt

 

94,468

 

114,210

 

133,768

 

139,615

 

145,768

 

Capital lease obligations

 

170,412

 

172,681

 

173,925

 

177,664

 

171,170

 

Stockholders’ equity(a)

 

289,213

 

293,846

 

339,764

 

382,360

 

364,389

 


(a)           In March 2003, the board of directors declared its first quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per common share which was paid in May 2003. The Company has paid regular quarterly dividends of $0.25 per common share since May 2003. The board of directors indicated its intention to declare quarterly dividends in the future, however, any future dividend declarations will be made at the discretion of the board of directors and will be based on the Company’s earnings, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects and other factors.

20




Item 7.                        Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements in certain circumstances. Certain forward-looking statements are contained in this report. They use such words as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “plan,” or other similar terminology. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause the actual results to be materially different than those expressed or implied in such statements. These factors include, but are not limited to: risks associated with the implementation of the Company’s strategic growth plan; the availability of suitable locations and terms for the sites designated for development; the ability of franchise developers to fulfill their commitments to build new IHOP restaurants in the numbers and time frames covered by their development agreements; legislation and government regulation including the ability to obtain satisfactory regulatory approvals; conditions beyond the Company’s control such as weather, natural disasters, disease outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics impacting the Company’s customer base or food supplies or acts of war or terrorism; availability and cost of materials and labor; cost and availability of capital; competition; continuing acceptance of the IHOP and International House of Pancakes brands and concepts by guests and franchisees; the Company’s overall marketing, operational and financial performance; economic and political conditions; adoption of new, or changes in, accounting policies and practices; and other factors discussed from time to time in the Company’s press releases, public statements and/or filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The following discussion and analysis provides information we believe is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition. The discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

General

In January 2003, we announced significant changes in the way we conduct our business. These changes included a transition from company-financed restaurant development (the “Old Business Model”) to a more traditional franchise development model, in which franchisees finance and develop new restaurants (the “New Business Model”). We completed the transition from our Old Business Model to our New Business Model by the end of 2004.

Franchising

Our franchising activities relating to new restaurants for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 included only franchisee-financed development. Our franchising activities for the year ended December 31, 2004 included both company-financed and franchisee-financed development. For clarity of presentation, the discussion below is separated between those activities specific to the Old Business Model and those which apply to the New Business Model.

Old Business Model

Under the Old Business Model, when we developed a restaurant, we identified the site for the new restaurant, purchased the site or leased it from a third party, and built the restaurant and equipped it with all required equipment. We selected and trained the franchisee and supervisory personnel who would operate the restaurant. In addition, we typically financed approximately 80% of the franchise fee, and leased the restaurant and equipment to the franchisee. In accordance with GAAP, the equipment lease between the Company and the franchisee was treated as a sale in our financial statements.

Our involvement in providing a “turnkey” restaurant opportunity to franchisees allowed us to charge a core franchise fee and development and financing fees totaling $50,000 to $575,000. The franchisee

21




typically paid approximately 20% of the initial franchise fee in cash, and we financed the remaining amount over five to eight years. The financing of the initial franchise fee allowed the Company to derive interest income from the financing of the core franchise fee and development and financing fees, and the leasing of property and equipment to franchisees. We also continue to receive revenues from the franchisee as follows: (1) a royalty equal to 4.5% of the restaurant’s sales; (2) income from the leasing of the restaurant property and related equipment; (3) revenue from the sale of certain proprietary products, primarily pancake mixes; (4) a local advertising fee equal to about 2% of the restaurant’s sales, which is usually collected by us and then paid to a local advertising cooperative; and (5) a national advertising fee equal to 1% of the restaurant’s sales. In some cases, we have agreed to accept reduced royalties for a period of time from franchisees in order to assist them in establishing their businesses, where business conditions justify it.

New Business Model

Under the New Business Model, our approach to franchising is similar to that of most franchising systems in the foodservice industry. Franchisees can undertake individual new store development or new multi-store development. Under the single store development program, the franchisee is required to pay a non-refundable location fee of $15,000. If the proposed site is approved for development, the location fee of $15,000 is credited against an initial franchise fee of $50,000. The franchisee then uses his or her own capital and financial resources to acquire the site, build and equip the business and fund working capital needs.

In addition to offering franchises for individual restaurants, the Company offers multi-store development agreements. These multi-store development agreements provide franchisees with an exclusive right to develop new IHOP restaurants in designated geographic territories for a specified period of time. Multi-store developers are required to develop and operate a specified number of restaurants according to an agreed upon development schedule. Multi-store developers are required to pay a development fee of $20,000 for each restaurant to be developed under a multi-store development agreement. Additionally, for each store which is actually developed, the franchise developer must pay an initial franchise fee of $40,000 against which the development fee of $20,000 is credited. The number of stores and the schedule of stores to be developed under multi-store development agreements are negotiated on an agreement by agreement basis. With respect to restaurants developed under the New Business Model, the Company receives continuing revenues from the franchisee as follows: (1) a royalty equal to 4.5% of the restaurant’s sales; (2) revenue from the sale of certain proprietary products, primarily pancake mixes; (3) a local advertising fee equal to about 2% of the restaurant’s sales, which is usually paid to a local advertising cooperative; and (4) a national advertising fee equal to 1% of the restaurant’s sales.

While there is no specific profile for franchise candidates, the Company primarily markets franchises to existing operators who currently own and operate one or more restaurants in the IHOP system, and to operators in other non-competing segments of the restaurant business which meet our operating standards. By the end of 2006, approximately 78% of the restaurants in the development pipeline were in the hands of existing franchise developers and 22% in the hands of developers new to the system since the implementation of the New Business Model.

Segment Reporting

Our revenues and expenses are recorded in four categories: franchise operations, rental operations, company restaurant operations and financing operations.

Franchise operations revenue consists primarily of royalty revenues, sales of proprietary products, advertising fees and the portion of the franchise fees allocated to the Company’s intellectual property.

22




Franchise operations expenses include contributions to the national advertising fund, the cost of proprietary products, pre-opening training expenses and other franchise related costs.

Rental operations revenue includes revenue from operating leases and interest income from direct financing leases. Rental operations expenses are costs of operating leases and interest expense on capital leases for franchisee-operated restaurants.

Company restaurant sales are retail sales at company-operated restaurants. Company restaurant expenses are operating expenses at company-operated restaurants and include food, labor and benefits, utilities, rent and other restaurant operating costs.

Financing operations revenue consists of the portion of franchise fees not allocated to the Company’s intellectual property and sales of equipment as well as interest income from the financing of franchise fees and equipment leases. Financing operations expenses are primarily the cost of restaurant equipment and interest expense not associated with capital leases.

23




Restaurant Data

The following table sets forth, for each of the past three years, the number of effective restaurants in the IHOP system and information regarding the percentage change in sales at those restaurants compared to the same period in the prior year. “Effective restaurants” are the number of restaurants in a given period, adjusted to account for restaurants open for only a portion of the period. Information is presented for all effective restaurants in the IHOP system, which includes IHOP restaurants owned by the Company, as well as those owned by franchisees and area licensees. Sales of restaurants that are owned by franchisees and area licensees are not attributable to the Company. However, we believe that presentation of this information is useful in analyzing our revenues because franchisees and area licensees pay us royalties and advertising fees that are generally based on a percentage of their sales, as well as rental payments under leases that are usually based on a percentage of their sales. Management also uses this information to make decisions about future plans for the development of additional restaurants as well as evaluation of current operations.

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

Restaurant Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effective restaurants(a)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Franchise

 

1,095

 

1,047

 

993

 

Company

 

8

 

7

 

29

 

Area license

 

156

 

151

 

145

 

Total

 

1,259

 

1,205

 

1,167

 

System-wide(b)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales percentage change(c)

 

7.4

%

5.4

%

11.4

%

Same-store sales percentage change(d)

 

2.5

%

2.9

%

5.3

%

Franchise(b)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales percentage change(b)(c)

 

7.5

%

6.2

%

14.4

%

Same-store sales percentage change(d)

 

2.5

%

2.9

%

5.2

%

Company

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales percentage change(c)

 

(2.7

)%

(55.8

)%

(57.8

)%

Area License(b)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales percentage change(b)(c)

 

6.5

%

8.7

%

16.4

%


(a)           “Effective restaurants” are the number of restaurants in a given fiscal period adjusted to account for restaurants open for only a portion of the period. Information is presented for all effective restaurants in the IHOP system, which includes IHOP restaurants owned by the Company as well as those owned by franchisees and area licensees.

(b)           “System-wide sales” are retail sales of IHOP restaurants operated by franchisees, area licensees and the Company, as reported to the Company. Franchise restaurant sales were $482.0 million and $1.9 billion for the fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, respectively, and sales at area license restaurants were $50.0 million and $203.3 million for the fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, respectively. Sales of restaurants that are owned by franchisees and area licensees are not attributable to the Company.

(c)            “Sales percentage change” reflects, for each category of restaurants, the percentage change in sales in any given fiscal year compared to the prior fiscal year for all restaurants in that category.

(d)          “Same-store sales percentage change” reflects the percentage change in sales, in any given fiscal year compared to the prior fiscal year, for restaurants that have been operated throughout both fiscal periods that are being compared and have been open for at least 18 months. Because of new unit openings and store closures, the restaurants open throughout both fiscal periods being compared will be different from period to period. Same-store sales percentage change does not include data on restaurants located in Florida.

24




The following table summarizes our restaurant development and franchising activity:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

Restaurant Development Activity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

1,242

 

1,186

 

1,165

 

1,103

 

1,017

 

New openings

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Company-developed

 

4

 

4

 

6

 

56

 

85

 

Franchisee-developed(a)

 

57

 

58

 

35

 

13

 

10

 

Area license(a)

 

8

 

5

 

6

 

5

 

6

 

Total new openings

 

69

 

67

 

47

 

74

 

101

 

Closings

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Company and franchise

 

(8

)

(11

)

(26

)

(12

)

(13

)

Area license

 

(1

)

 

 

 

(2

)

End of year

 

1,302

 

1,242

 

1,186

 

1,165

 

1,103

 

Summary—end of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Franchise(a)

 

1,132

 

1,082

 

1,028

 

979

 

890

 

Company

 

10

 

7

 

10

 

44

 

76

 

Area license(a)

 

160

 

153

 

148

 

142

 

137

 

Total

 

1,302

 

1,242

 

1,186

 

1,165

 

1,103

 

Restaurant Franchising Activity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Company-developed

 

 

3

 

8

 

72

 

79

 

Franchisee-developed(a)

 

57

 

58

 

35

 

13

 

10

 

Rehabilitated and refranchised

 

9

 

26

 

33

 

19

 

10

 

Total restaurants franchised

 

66

 

87

 

76

 

104

 

99

 

Reacquired by the Company

 

(8

)

(23

)

(12

)

(11

)

(10

)

Closed

 

(8

)

(10

)

(15

)

(4

)

(11

)

Net addition

 

50

 

54

 

49

 

89

 

78

 


(a)           We historically reported restaurants in Canada as franchise restaurants although the restaurants were operated under an area license agreement. Beginning with 2004, Canadian restaurants are reported as “Area License.” Prior year information has been restated to conform to the current year presentation.

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires senior management to make estimates, assumptions and subjective or complex judgments that are inherently uncertain and may significantly impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Changes in the estimates, assumptions and judgments affecting the application of these policies may result in materially different amounts being reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. We consider the following policies to be most critical in understanding the judgments that are involved in preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Income Taxes

We provide for income taxes based on our estimate of federal and state income tax liabilities. Our estimates include, but are not limited to, effective state and local income tax rates, allowable tax credits for items such as FICA taxes paid on reported tip income and estimates related to depreciation expense allowable for tax purposes. We usually file our income tax returns several months after our fiscal year-end.

25




All tax returns are subject to audit by federal and state governments, usually years after the returns are filed, and could be subject to differing interpretation of the tax laws.

Deferred tax accounting requires that we evaluate net deferred tax assets to determine if these assets will more likely than not be realized in the foreseeable future. This test requires projection of our taxable income into future years to determine if there will be taxable income sufficient to realize the tax assets. The preparation of the projections requires considerable judgment and is subject to change to reflect future events and changes in the tax laws.

Tax contingency reserves result from our estimates of potential liabilities resulting from differences between actual and audited results. Changes in the tax contingency reserves result from resolution of audits of prior year filings, the expiration of the statute of limitations, changes in tax laws and current year estimates for asserted and unasserted items. Inherent uncertainties exist in estimates of tax contingencies due to changes in tax law, both legislated and concluded through the various jurisdictions’ tax court systems. Significant changes in our estimates could materially affect our reported results.

Leases

Of the 1,132 franchisee-operated restaurants, 61 were located on sites owned by us, 725 were located on sites leased by us from third parties and 346 were located on sites owned or leased by franchisees. We account for our leases under the provisions of FASB Statement No. 13, Accounting for Leases (SFAS 13) and subsequent amendments, which require that our leases be evaluated and classified as operating or capital leases for financial reporting purposes. We recognize rent expense for our operating leases, which have escalating rentals over the term of the lease, on the straight-line basis over the initial term. In addition, the lease term is deemed to commence when we take physical possession of the leased property. We historically capitalized the straight-line rent amounts during the construction period of leased properties. Straight-line rent subsequent to the construction period and prior to the restaurant opening was recognized as expense. However, in accordance with FASB Staff Position FAS 13-1, “Accounting for Rental Costs Incurred during a Construction Period,” beginning in January 2006, straight-line rent amounts are expensed during the construction period of leased properties. We use a consistent lease term when calculating depreciation of leasehold improvements, when determining straight-line rent expense and when determining classification of our leases as either operating or capital. Contingent rents are generally amounts due as a result of sales in excess of amounts stipulated in certain restaurant leases and are included in rent expense as they accrue.

Certain of our lease agreements contain tenant improvement allowances. For purposes of recognizing incentives, we amortize the incentives over the shorter of the estimated useful life or lease term. For tenant improvement allowances, we also record a deferred rent liability or an obligation in our non-current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS 123R. Under the provisions of SFAS 123R, stock-based compensation cost is estimated at the grant date based on the award’s fair value as calculated by a Black-Scholes option pricing model and is recognized as expense ratably over the requisite service period. The Black-Scholes model requires various highly judgmental assumptions including volatility, forfeiture rates, and expected option life. If any of the assumptions used in the model change significantly, stock-based compensation expense may differ materially in the future from that recorded in the current period.

New Accounting Pronouncements

At its March 28, 2006 meeting, the FASB approved the issuance of a draft abstract EITF Issue No. 06-3, “How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should Be

26




Presented in the Income Statement (That is, Gross versus Net Presentation)”, which addresses the income statement disclosure on taxes assessed by a governmental authority that is directly imposed on a revenue-producing transaction between a seller and a customer, and may include, but are not limited to, sales, use, value-added, and some excise taxes. The presentation of taxes on either a gross (included in revenues and costs) or a net (excluded from revenues) basis is an accounting policy decision that should be disclosed pursuant to Opinion 22. In addition, for any such taxes that are reported on a gross basis, a company should disclose the amounts of those taxes in interim and annual financial statements for each period for which an income statement is presented if those amounts are significant and can be done on an aggregate basis. When issued, EITF Issue No. 06-3 would be effective for financial reports for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2006. We currently account for taxes on a net basis; therefore, EITF 06-3 should not have any significant impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes,” which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, and clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. FIN 48 requires that we recognize the impact of a tax position in our financial statements if that position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle is recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. We do not believe that the adoption of FIN 48 will have a material impact on our statement of financial position, as any adjustment upon adoption would be a cumulative impact on retained earnings.

In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”) which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 requires companies to disclose the fair value of their financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy, as defined. SFAS No. 157 may require companies to provide additional disclosures based on that hierarchy. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact adoption of SFAS No. 157 may have on our consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”) which provides interpretive guidance on the consideration of the effects of prior year misstatements in quantifying current year misstatements for the purpose of a materiality assessment. Correcting prior year financial statements for immaterial errors would not require previously filed reports to be amended. If a Company determines that an adjustment to prior year financial statements is required upon adoption of SAB 108 and does not elect to restate its previous financial statements, then it must recognize the cumulative effect of applying SAB 108 in fiscal 2006 beginning balances of the affected assets and liabilities with a corresponding adjustment to the fiscal 2006 opening balance in retained earnings. SAB 108 is effective for interim periods of the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SAB 108 on its consolidated financial statements.

Comparison of the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

2006 Financial Performance and Strategic Direction

In 2006, the Company executed strategies focused on key financial levers of our business—growth of same-store sales and the development of restaurants. These strategies included: energizing the IHOP brand, improving the operational performance of our restaurants, and maximizing franchise development.

27




To enhance the IHOP brand in 2006, our 2.5% system-wide same-store sales increase consisted of increases in guest traffic that significantly outpaced moderated increases in guest check averages. Our ability to drive positive traffic results—counter to what the family restaurant segment of the restaurant industry experienced in 2006—reflects the strength of our marketing and operations strategies, as well as pricing moderation exhibited by our franchisees, which further re-enforced IHOP’s price/value relationship with guests. Our same-store sales growth in the fourth quarter of 2006 was supported by strong limited-time offers of French Toast Fantasy and Super Rooty Tooty Fresh ‘N Fruity as well as the further optimization of gift card sales during the holiday season. In November 2006, we adopted an enhanced system-wide menu which incorporated eight new offerings, including a new category of savory crepes, among other items, as well as the integration of the IHOP for Me nutritional guidelines menu.

In 2007, we have taken steps to increase our national advertising presence with more efficient media buying strategies to support our six planned limited-time promotions in 2007. In addition, we are launching our IHOP ‘n Go”—our To Go program in every restaurant which will be supported by national advertising. We expect positive same-store sales growth in 2007 to be between 2% and 4%.

As part of our strategic efforts, we are examining ways that consumers could access the brand differently which could include tailored formats for non-traditional locations such as airports, smaller towns and military bases. In 2007, we are also examining potential product licensing opportunities that will increase our brand’s exposure in local grocery stores.

In order to improve the operational performance of our restaurants, we refined our “A/B” operator rating system in 2006. We evaluate each franchise operator on an “A” through “F” scale based on a range of objective criteria including Mystery Shop reports, operational assessments, participation in training programs, and the maintenance of required management infrastructure. In many ways, we have raised our operational expectations for all IHOP restaurants. To further enhance our rating system, we are now outsourcing the operational assessment of franchise restaurants to a third party company that specializes in inspections. Beginning in March 2007, and continuing quarterly, we will utilize this third party company’s auditing services to assess critical items necessary to successfully and safely operate an IHOP restaurant.

Franchisees and our Florida area licensee developed and opened 65 new IHOP restaurants in 2006 continuing our effort to maximize franchise development. As of year-end, our franchise development pipeline includes as many as 470 restaurants signed, optioned or pending development by franchisees in the U.S., Canada, Mexico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In 2007, we expect to open 61 to 66 new restaurants in the IHOP system. We also ended the year with 182 restaurant remodels completed by franchisees, for a total of 351 restaurant ICON package remodels completed to date. Restaurant remodels will continue with approximately another 200 franchise remodels expected in 2007, bringing our total to approximately 550 remodels completed.

Overview

Our 2006 financial results were driven by an increase in franchise operations profit, due to higher revenues associated with franchise restaurant retail sales. Partially offsetting this increase was an increase in general and administrative expenses in 2006 compared to 2005. A comparison of our financial results for 2006 to those in 2005 included:

·       An increase in same-store sales of 2.5% in 2006;

·       An increase in franchise operations profit of $7.6 million or 8.6%;

·       An increase in cash flows provided by operating activities in 2006 to $64.9 million, compared to $55.4 million in 2005;

28




·       An increase in general and administrative expenses of $4.7 million or 8.1%. Excluding stock-based compensation expense in the amount of $3.9 million in 2006, general and administrative expenses would have increased by $1.1 million or 1.9% in 2006 compared to the prior year; and

·       A decrease in diluted weighted average shares outstanding of 6.7%.

Franchise Operations

Franchise revenues consist primarily of royalty revenues, sales of proprietary products, advertising fees and the portion of the franchise fees allocated to the Company’s intellectual property. Franchise expenses include contributions to the national advertising fund, the cost of proprietary products, pre-opening training expenses and other franchise related expenses. Key factors which can be used in evaluating and understanding our franchise operations segment include:

·       Franchise retail sales; and

·       Number of restaurants franchised.

Franchise operations profit, which is franchise revenues less franchise expenses, increased by $7.6 million or 8.6% in 2006 compared to 2005. The 8.6% increase in franchise operations profit was due to the changes in franchise revenues and expenses discussed below.

Franchise restaurant retail sales are sales recorded at restaurants that are owned by franchisees and area licensees and are not attributable to the Company. Franchise restaurant retail sales are useful in analyzing our franchise revenues because franchisees and area licensees pay us royalties and other fees that are generally based on a percentage of their sales.

Franchise revenues grew by $11.9 million or 7.1% in 2006 compared to 2005. Franchise revenues grew primarily due to a 7.5% increase in franchise restaurant retail sales in 2006 compared to 2005. The 7.5% increase in franchise restaurant retail sales was primarily attributable to the following:

·       Effective franchise restaurants increased by 4.6%; and

·       Same-store sales for franchise restaurants increased by 2.5%.

“Effective restaurants” are the number of restaurants in a given fiscal period adjusted to account for restaurants open for only a portion of the period. Effective franchise restaurants increased by 48 or 4.6% due to new restaurant openings in 2006 and the annualized effect of new restaurant development in 2005.

The increases in same-store sales for franchise restaurants of 2.5% in 2006 was driven by increased guest traffic that significantly outpaced moderate increases in guest check averages. In 2006, our limited-time promotions, All You Can Eat Pancakes, Funnel Cake Carnival, French Toast Fantasy and Super Rooty Tooty Fresh ‘N Fruity, contributed to the increased guest traffic as well as pricing moderation demonstrated by our franchisees which further re-enforced IHOP’s price/value relationship with guests.

Franchise expenses increased by $4.3 million or 5.5% in 2006 compared to 2005. Franchise expenses such as advertising and the cost of proprietary products are related to franchise restaurant retail sales. The increase in franchise expenses was primarily a result of the 7.5% increase in franchise restaurant retail sales. Partially offsetting this increase, franchise expenses benefited from lower incentives to our franchisees for point-of-sale system purchases, as well as a reduction in the amount of financial relief granted to franchisees. The reduction in franchisee relief granted was primarily due to fewer underperforming restaurants in our system than in previous years.

29




Rental Operations

Rental income includes revenue from operating leases and interest income from direct financing leases. Rental expenses are costs of prime operating leases and interest expense on prime capital leases on franchisee-operated restaurants.

A prime lease is a lease between the Company and a third party, the landlord, whereby the Company pays rent to the landlord. Restaurants on these leases are either subleased to a franchisee or, in a few instances, operated by the Company. A sublease is a lease between the Company and a franchisee, whereby the franchisee pays rent to the Company.

Rental operations profit, which is rental income less rental expenses, increased by $1.0 million or 2.9% in 2006 compared to 2005. Rental operations profit in 2006 was primarily impacted by the increase in same-store sales for franchise restaurants of 2.5% in 2006.

Company Restaurant Operations

Company restaurant operations is comprised of our dedicated company-operations market in Cincinnati, Ohio. In addition, from time to time, restaurants developed by the Company under the Old Business Model are returned by franchisees to the Company and operated by the Company.

Company restaurant sales are retail sales at company-operated restaurants. Company restaurant expenses are operating expenses at company-operated restaurants and include food, labor and benefits, utilities, rent and other restaurant operating costs. Key factors which can be used in evaluating and understanding our company operations segment include:

·       Company restaurant retail sales;

·       Labor and benefits costs;

·       Food costs; and

·       Changes in the number of effective company-operated restaurants.

Company restaurant operations loss, which is company restaurant sales less company restaurant expenses, was $2.0 million in 2006 or 78.3% more than the loss of $1.1 million in 2005. Company restaurant operations loss in 2006 was due primarily to lower levels of sales at recently opened locations in our Cincinnati market. At the end of the fourth quarter of 2006, we operated ten restaurants, all of which are located in our dedicated Company market of Cincinnati, Ohio.

Financing Operations

Financing revenues consist of franchise fees not allocated to the Company’s intellectual property, sales of equipment, as well as interest income from the financing of franchise fees and equipment leases. Financing expenses are primarily the cost of restaurant equipment and interest expense not associated with capital leases. Key factors which can be used in evaluating and understanding our financing operations segment include:

·       Changes in franchise and equipment note balances;

·       Franchise fees of franchise restaurants, which are based on the number and the average price of company-developed restaurants refranchised; and

·       Amount of debt outstanding.

Financing operations profit, which is financing revenues less financing expenses, decreased by $2.1 million or 13.9% in 2006 compared to 2005. This 13.9% decrease in financing operations profit was

30




primarily due to the decrease in franchise and equipment note interest as a result of declining long-term note balances. The Company anticipates long-term note balances to continue to decrease as our franchise fee and equipment notes receivables amortize continually in the future.

Financing revenues decreased by $10.5 million or 30.0% in 2006 compared to the prior year. The decrease in revenues was partially due to the decrease in revenues associated with the number of rehabilitated and refranchised restaurants under the Old Business Model. In 2006, there were nine rehabilitated and refranchised restaurants compared to 26 in 2005. In addition, the decrease in financing revenues in 2006 compared to 2005 was impacted by the decrease in franchise and equipment note interest due to the expected reduction in franchise fee note balances.

Financing expenses decreased by $8.5 million or 41.6% in 2006 compared to 2005. This decrease was partially due to the decrease in costs associated with the number of restaurants rehabilitated and refranchised in 2006 compared to 2005. In addition, the decrease in financing expenses was impacted by the decrease in interest expense associated with our conventional debt.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased by $4.7 million or 8.1% in 2006 compared to the prior year, primarily due to expenses in the amount of $3.9 million in 2006 related to the implementation of FASB Statement 123(R), Share-Based Payment, which requires all share-based payments, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their estimated fair values. Excluding stock-based compensation expense in the amount of $3.9 million in 2006, general and administrative expenses would have increased by $1.1 million or 1.9% in 2006 compared to 2005. In addition, expenses related to our Performance Share Plans for executive management increased by $1.1 million in 2006 compared to 2005 as a result of the addition of a third cycle of performance share awards in 2006. General and administrative expenses were also impacted by normal increases in salaries and wages of $0.7 million or 2.8% in 2006 compared to 2005, which was offset by a decrease in legal professional services. Legal professional services decreased in the amount of $1.0 million or 63.2% in 2006 compared to 2005 as a result of fewer legal expenses related to cases aimed at removing poor performing operators from the IHOP system.

Provision for Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate for 2006 was 38.8% compared to 38.0% in 2005. The increase in our effective tax rates was primarily due to a recent review and adjustment for higher tax rates in states in which we operate.

Balance Sheet Accounts

Long-term receivables at December 31, 2006 decreased to $302.1 million from $319.3 million at December 31, 2005 due primarily to the pay-down of principal by franchisees in the amount of $17.8 million. This was partially offset by an increase of $4.5 million primarily in franchise fees and equipment leases receivable resulting from our refranchising of company-operated restaurants.

Other assets at December 31, 2006 increased to $67.9 million from $52.5 million at December 31, 2005, primarily due to an $11.0 million increase in deferred rent on operating subleases. Rental income on operating subleases is reflected in the income statement on the straight-line basis in accordance with GAAP. Deferred rents on operating subleases is the difference between straight-line rents and the actual amounts received. Deferred rents on operating subleases will continue to increase until the straight-line rents equal the actual amounts received, after which deferred rents will begin to decrease. As a result of refranchising efforts in 2006, the Company had nine new operating subleases. In addition, other assets

31




increased due to deferred securitization costs in the amount of $4.0 million related to a securitized financing scheduled to be completed in early 2007.

Other liabilities at December 31, 2006 increased to $74.7 million from $67.1 million at December 31, 2005, primarily due to a $5.6 million increase in deferred rent on operating prime leases. Rental expense on operating prime leases is reflected in the income statement on the straight-line basis over the life of the lease excluding options in accordance with GAAP. Deferred rents on operating prime leases is the difference between straight-line rents and the actual amounts paid. Deferred rents on operating prime leases will continue to increase until the straight-line rents equal the actual amounts paid, after which deferred rents will begin to decrease.

Stockholders’ Equity

On August 21, 2006, we announced that the Board of Directors had approved a 2.0 million share increase in our total share repurchase authorization, for a total of 7.2 million shares authorized for repurchase since inception of the program in January 2003. We have repurchased approximately 5.0 million shares of its common stock since the inception of the program, resulting in a total of $203.0 million spent on share repurchases. We repurchased approximately 0.9 million shares of common stock for $42.7 million in 2006. As of December 31, 2006, we were authorized to repurchase up to an additional 2.2 million shares under our stock repurchase program. Also, in 2003, we began paying a quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per share of common stock. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details.

Comparison of the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004

Overview

Our 2005 financial results were favorably impacted by an increase in franchise operations profit, due to higher revenues associated with franchise restaurant retail sales and additional fees from franchising activity. In addition general and administrative expenses decreased in 2005 compared to 2004. Also, the Company benefited from the exclusion of the one-time charge for strategic repositioning of company-operated restaurants. A comparison of our financial results for 2005 to those in 2004 included:

·       An increase in net income of $10.5 million or 31.5% to $43.9 million in 2005 from $33.4 million in 2004;

·       An increase in net income per diluted share of $0.63 or 39.1% to $2.24;

·       An increase in same-store sales of 2.9%;

·       A decrease in cash flows provided by operating activities in 2005 to $55.4 million, compared to $67.0 million in 2004; and

·       A decrease in general and administrative expenses of $1.1 million or 1.8% to $58.8 million in 2005 compared to $59.9 million in 2004.

Franchise Operations

Franchise revenues consist primarily of royalty revenues, sales of proprietary products, advertising fees and the portion of the franchise fees allocated to the Company’s intellectual property. Franchise expenses include contributions to the national advertising fund, the cost of proprietary products, pre-opening training expenses and other franchise related expenses. Key factors which can be used in evaluating and understanding our franchise operations segment include:

·       Franchise retail sales; and

32




·       Number of restaurants franchised.

Franchise operations profit, which is franchise revenues less franchise expenses, increased by $8.4 million or 10.5% in 2005 compared to 2004. The 10.5% increase in franchise operations profit was due to the changes in franchise revenues and expenses discussed below.

Franchise restaurant retail sales are sales recorded at restaurants that are owned by franchisees and area licensees and are not attributable to the Company. Franchise restaurant retail sales are useful in analyzing our franchise revenues because franchisees and area licensees pay us royalties and other fees that are generally based on a percentage of their sales.

Franchise revenues grew by $9.8 million or 6.2% in 2005 compared to 2004. Franchise revenues grew primarily due to a 6.2% increase in franchise restaurant retail sales and higher fees associated with the sale of franchise developed restaurants. In 2005 there were 58 franchised developed restaurants compared to 35 in 2004. The 6.2% increase in franchise restaurant retail sales was primarily attributable to the following:

·       Effective franchise restaurants increased by 5.4%; and

·       Same-store sales for franchise restaurants increased by 2.9%.

“Effective restaurants” are the number of restaurants in a given fiscal period adjusted to account for restaurants open for only a portion of the period. Effective restaurants increased by 54 or 5.4% due to new restaurant openings in 2005 and the annualized effect of new restaurant development in 2004, as well as restaurants refranchised in 2004.

The Company believes the increase in same-store sales was driven by menu price increases, new product promotions, a fourth flight of national advertising and a focus on operations excellence. During the first half of 2005, same-store sales performance came in at 0.8% with average check increases offsetting declines in traffic. Beginning in the second half of the year, with the introduction of “Funnel Cake Carnival” and “French Toast Festival,” the Company regained momentum ending the year with same-store sales of 2.9% and reversing negative traffic trends in the first half of the year with positive traffic performance in the second half. The Company believes these campaigns contributed to increases in check averages and guest traffic by creating new product news and another reason for our customers to visit. In 2005 there were four flights, or schedules, of advertising supported by national television.

In addition, in 2005 the Company continued its Mystery Shop Program. Under this program, the Company has engaged an independent firm to conduct unannounced and anonymous visits to each IHOP restaurant several times each quarter. These “mystery shoppers” provide the Company and our franchisees direct independent feedback at the restaurant level on food quality, cleanliness, service and other aspects of the guests’ experience at IHOP restaurants. A total of approximately 18,000 mystery shops were done in 2005 on all the restaurants in the IHOP system, averaging 15 shops for the year for each restaurant. This program is incorporated into the Company’s rating system which evaluates and grades all IHOP franchisees. The Company believes improved operations of each individual restaurant through this rating system will provide a basis for continued increases in same-store sales performance over time. In addition, franchise operations profit was impacted by the 53rd week in 2004, which added approximately $1.5 million in pretax profit in 2004.

Franchise expenses increased by $1.4 million or 1.8% in 2005 compared to 2004. Franchise expenses such as advertising and the cost of proprietary products are related to franchise restaurant retail sales. The increase in franchise expenses was primarily a result of the 6.2% increase in franchise restaurant retail sales. This increase was partially offset by lower point-of-sale subsidies the Company provided to franchisees for Micros point-of-sale system installations. In addition, franchise expenses were impacted by a reduction in company contributions to the national advertising fund. We are obligated to pay 3% of retail

33




sales on behalf of our franchisees towards advertising and certain other expenses relating to the operation of our Marketing Department. The additional advertising expense in 2004 was above and beyond the 3% contractual obligation and was in support of our strategic decision to strengthen our IHOP brand.

Rental Operations

Rental income includes revenue from operating leases and interest income from direct financing leases. Rental expenses are costs of operating leases and interest expense on capital leases on franchisee-operated restaurants. The number of prime leases and subleases on franchised restaurants are the key factors which can be used in evaluating and understanding our rental operations segment.

A prime lease is a lease between the Company and a third party, the landlord, whereby the Company pays rent to the landlord. Restaurants on these leases are either subleased to a franchisee or operated by the Company. A sublease is a lease between the Company and a franchisee, whereby the franchisee pays rent to the Company.

Rental operations profit, which is rental income less rental expenses, decreased by $3.1 million or 8.6% in 2005 compared to 2004. This 8.6% decrease was due to the changes in rental income and expenses discussed below. In addition, our rental segment was impacted by lowered rent margins related to our aggressive refranchising efforts in 2004. The lowered rent margins were a result of rent concessions that we extended on some refranchised restaurants in 2004 and 2005.

The following table represents the number of effective prime leases and subleases for both lease types, capital and operating, as of December 31, 2005:

 

 

Prime Lease

 

Sublease

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2005

 

2004

 

Capital

 

 

293

 

 

 

285

 

 

 

211

 

 

 

218

 

 

Operating

 

 

518

 

 

 

503

 

 

 

587

 

 

 

561

 

 

Total

 

 

811

 

 

 

788

 

 

 

798

 

 

 

779

 

 

 

Rental income decreased by $0.1 million or 0.1% in 2005 compared to 2004. The decrease in rental income was primarily due to a decrease in interest income from capital leases, resulting from a decrease in effective capital subleases. In addition, rental income in 2005 was reduced by $1.3 million due to the write-off of deferred rent resulting from terminated subleases on restaurants reacquired. Deferred rent on operating subleases is the difference between straight-line rent and the actual amount received. This was partially offset by the increase in rental income associated with the number of effective operating subleases. In addition, 2004 benefited by the 53rd week which added approximately $2.0 million in revenue in 2004 due to the collection of an extra week of rent.

Rental expenses increased by $3.0 million or 3.1% in 2005 compared to 2004. This increase in rental expenses was primarily due to an increase in rental costs associated with an increase in the number of effective capital and operating prime leases due to our refranchising activity in 2004 and 2005. The increase in effective capital and operating prime leases was also a result of restaurants opened in 2004.

Company Restaurant Operations

Company restaurant operations is comprised of two separate categories: restaurants in our dedicated company-operations market of Cincinnati, Ohio, and restaurants returned to the Company by franchisees under our Old Business Model, where the Company developed and financed restaurants.

Company restaurant sales are retail sales at company-operated restaurants. Company restaurant expenses are operating expenses at company-operated restaurants and include food, labor and benefits,

34




utilities, rent and other restaurant operating costs. Key factors which can be used in evaluating and understanding our company operations segment include:

·       Change in effective company-operated restaurants;

·       Labor and benefits costs; and

·       Food costs.

Company restaurant operations loss, which is company restaurant sales less company restaurant expenses, was $1.1 million in 2005 or 63.9% lower than the loss of $3.1 million in 2004. The improvement in company operations loss in 2005 was driven primarily by the decrease in effective company-operated restaurants. Effective company-operated restaurants decreased by 75.9% in 2005 compared to 2004. This was due to the refranchising and closure of company-operated restaurants as a result of our strategic repositioning in 2004.

Financing Operations

Financing revenues consist of development and financing fees (which, under our Old Model, is the portion of franchise fees not allocated to the Company’s intellectual property) and sales of equipment, as well as interest income from the financing of franchise fees and equipment leases. Financing expenses are primarily the cost of restaurant equipment and interest expense not associated with capital leases. Key factors which can be used in evaluating and understanding our financing operations segment include:

·       Changes in franchise and equipment notes; and

·       Development and financing fees of franchise restaurants, which are based on the number and the average price of company-developed restaurants franchised.

Financing operations profit, which is financing revenues less financing expenses, decreased by $2.7 million or 15.5% in 2005 compared to 2004. This 15.5% decrease in financing operations profit was primarily due to the decrease in franchise and equipment note interest as a result of declining long-term note balances. In addition, our financing segment in 2004 was impacted by the 53rd week which added approximately $0.5 million in pretax profit in 2004.

Financing revenues decreased by $3.0 million or 8.0% in 2005 compared to the prior year. The decrease in revenues was primarily a result of the decrease in franchise and equipment note interest due to the expected reduction in franchise fee note balances. In addition, financing revenues were impacted by a decrease in the number of company-developed and rehabilitated and refranchised restaurants. There were 29 company-developed and rehabilitated and refranchised restaurants in 2005 compared to 41 in 2004. This was a result of the transition to the New Business Model from our Old Business Model as well as a reduction in the number of restaurants refranchised in 2005 versus 2004.

Financing expenses decreased by $0.3 million or 1.6% in 2005 compared to 2004. This is primarily due to a decrease in equipment costs associated with the decreased number of company-developed and franchised restaurants. In addition, financing expenses were impacted by increased interest expense as a result of the variable interest rate associated with some of our conventional debt.

35




General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased by $1.1 million or 1.8% in 2005 as a result of a proactive cost management effort undertaken in 2005 to offset soft same-store sales performance in the first half of the year. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the following:

·       Decreased travel and conference and management consulting expenses; and

·       Decreased recruiting and relocation expenses primarily due to the relocation expenses incurred in 2004 for the development of our dedicated market in Cincinnati.

The decrease in general and administrative expenses listed above in 2005 was partially offset by increased depreciation and amortization expenses associated with information technology investments and increased expenses related to our Performance Share Plans for Executive Management. The increased expenses related to our Performance Share Plans were due to the addition of a second cycle of performance share awards in 2005. The Company expects to resume some general and administrative spending growth in 2006 to support essential new initiatives.

Impairment and Closure Charges

Impairment and closure charges decreased to $0.9 million in 2005 from $14.1 million in 2004. Impairment and closure charges in 2005 included the impairment of long lived assets on one restaurant closed in 2005, and impairment losses on six restaurants in which the reacquisition values exceeded the historical resale values. Impairment and closure charges in 2004 were primarily for the impairment of long lived assets on 14 restaurants. The decision to close or impair the restaurants in 2004 was a result of a comprehensive analysis that examined restaurants not meeting minimum return on investment thresholds and certain other operating performance criteria and represented a change in strategy from prior practices. The assets for these restaurants were written down to their estimated fair value.

Provision for Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate for 2005 was 38.0% compared to 38.3% in 2004.

Balance Sheet Accounts

Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2005 decreased to $23.1 million from $44.0 million at December 31, 2004, primarily due to the repurchase of shares in 2005 at an aggregate cost of $77.5 million under our stock repurchase program exceeding the increase in cash generated from operations and the pay-down of notes receivable.

There were no marketable securities at December 31, 2005 compared to $14.5 million at December 31, 2004, as marketable securities were sold for cash which was used to repurchase shares in 2005 under our stock repurchase program.

Long-term receivables at December 31, 2005 decreased to $319.3 million from $337.2 million at December 31, 2004 due primarily to the pay-down of principal by franchisees in the amount of $19.4 million. This was partially offset by an increase of $13.0 million in franchise fee and equipment leases receivable brought about through our refranchising of company-operated restaurants.

Other assets at December 31, 2005 increased to $52.5 million from $40.3 million at December 31, 2004, primarily due to an $11.6 million increase in deferred rent on operating subleases. Rental income on operating subleases is reflected in the income statement on a straight-line basis in accordance with GAAP. Deferred rents on operating subleases is the difference between straight-line rents and the actual amounts received. Deferred rents on operating subleases will continue to increase until the straight-line rents equal

36




the actual amounts received, after which deferred rents will begin to decrease. As a result of refranchising efforts in 2005, the Company had 28 new operating subleases.

Other liabilities at December 31, 2005 increased to $67.1 million from $58.7 million at December 31, 2004, primarily due to a $6.5 million increase in deferred rent on operating prime leases. Rental expense on operating prime leases is reflected in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease excluding options in accordance with GAAP. Deferred rents on operating prime leases is the difference between straight-line rents and the actual amounts paid. Deferred rents on operating prime leases will continue to increase until the straight-line rents equal the actual amounts paid, after which deferred rents will begin to decrease.

Stockholders’ Equity

On September 20, 2005, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had approved a 1.0 million share increase in the Company’s total share repurchase authorization, for a total of 4.6 million shares authorized for repurchase since inception of the program in January 2003. The Company has repurchased approximately 4.1 million shares of its common stock since the inception of the program, resulting in a total of $160.3 million spent on share repurchases. The Company repurchased approximately 1.8 million shares of common stock for $77.5 million in 2005. As of December 31, 2005, we were authorized to repurchase up to an additional 0.5 million shares under our stock repurchase program. Also, in 2003, the Company began paying a quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per share of common stock. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more details.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our cash from operations and principal receipts from notes and equipment contracts receivable are the sources of cash that allow us to pursue our capital investment strategies and to return cash to our stockholders. Accordingly, over the last several years we have utilized our excess cash flow to:

·       Repurchase our common stock in order to return excess capital to our stockholders and provide further capital return to our stockholders through dividends, which we began paying in 2003;

·       Invest in new assets related to the development of our company operations market in Cincinnati, Ohio for the purpose of developing operations initiatives, product testing and training programs; and

·       Invest in information technology which includes supporting point-of-sales systems in our franchise restaurants and improving franchise support at the Restaurant Support Center.

At present, it is the Company’s intention to continue to utilize excess cash flow for these and other corporate purposes.

Sources and Uses of Cash

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash provided by operating activities and principal receipts from notes and equipment contracts receivable from our franchisees. Principal uses of cash are common stock repurchases, payments of dividends, capital investment, and payments on debt.

Cash provided by operating activities is primarily driven by revenues earned and collected from our franchisees. Franchise revenues primarily are royalties, advertising fees, and sales of proprietary products which fluctuate with increases or decreases in franchise retail sales. Franchise retail sales are impacted by the development of IHOP restaurants by our franchisees and by fluctuations in same-store sales.

Cash provided by operating activities increased to $64.9 million in 2006 from $55.4 million in 2005. The increase was due primarily to the realization of a non-recurring $14.7 million dollar tax benefit in 2006

37




from the refinement of asset lives assigned to assets for tax depreciation purposes. This was partially offset by our $11.0 million net income tax obligation as a result of an accounting adjustment settlement with the Internal Revenue Service previously announced in November 2006.

The following table represents the principal receipts on various receivables due from our franchisees as of December 31, 2006:

 

 

Principal Receipts Due By Period

 

 

 

2007

 

2008

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011

 

Thereafter

 

Total

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Equipment leases(1)

 

$

6,707

 

$

6,735

 

$

6,913

 

$

6,939

 

$

6,938

 

$

132,732

 

$

166,964

 

Direct financing leases(2)

 

2,408

 

2,985

 

3,498

 

4,082

 

4,771

 

103,428

 

121,172

 

Franchise notes and other(3)

 

8,620

 

7,400

 

5,700

 

4,249

 

2,452

 

3,266

 

31,687

 

Total

 

$

17,735

 

$

17,120

 

$

16,111

 

$

15,270

 

$

14,161

 

$

239,426

 

$

319,823

 


(1)          Equipment lease receivables extend through the year 2029.

(2)          Direct financing lease receivables extend through the year 2024.

(3)          Franchise note receivables extend through the year 2015.

The decline in principal receipts in future periods primarily reflects the associated decrease in long-term receivables attributable to the Company’s decision to no longer finance the development of franchise restaurants.

Strategic Alternatives

We intend to seek opportunities for growth, including potentially significant investments in, or acquisitions of, other non-competitive restaurant businesses where we can do so on favorable economic terms. In the event the Company makes a significant investment in, or acquisition of other non-competitive restaurant businesses, the Company may need to seek additional financing.

Share Repurchases and Dividends

On August 21, 2006, the Board of Directors approved a 2.0 million share increase in the Company’s ongoing share repurchase authorization. Based on previous share repurchase authorizations, the Company repurchased 889,286 shares of common stock for $42.7 million in 2006 under our stock repurchase program. As of December 31, 2006, 2.2 million shares remained to be purchased on the Company’s total share repurchase authorization. Since 2003, the Company has bought back 5.0 million shares for a total of $203.0 million.

The Company has paid regular quarterly dividends of $0.25 per common share since May 2003. On January 16, 2007, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per common share, payable on February 20, 2007, to stockholders of record as of February 1, 2007. Future dividends will be declared at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

Future share repurchases and dividends could be affected by a restriction on consolidated tangible net worth in our $25.0 million non-collateralized revolving credit agreement. This agreement restricts us to a minimum of $214,000 plus 25.0% of consolidated net income on a cumulative basis from December 31, 2004. Under this agreement, consolidated tangible net worth includes shareholders’ equity, less intangible assets, and less restricted investments in excess of 10% of shareholders equity. This agreement is therefore influenced by additional share repurchases. In addition, there are other covenants in the note purchase agreements governing our 5.20% senior notes and our 5.88% senior notes which may also limit the Company’s ability to repurchase stock. In August 2006, the Company announced that it will seek to borrow up to $200 million, consisting of $175 million in medium term notes and a $25 million revolving credit

38




facility. The funds from this borrowing will be used primarily to repay the Company’s existing debt in a manner which would remove these restrictive covenants limiting share repurchase activity. The Company expects this transaction to be completed in the first quarter of 2007.

Capital Investment

Capital expenditures were increased to $9.4 million in 2006 from $7.4 million in 2005. This increase was primarily due to the timing of costs associated with the continued development of our dedicated company operations market in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 2006, we developed four restaurants in our dedicated company operations market in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

The following are our significant contractual obligations and payments as of December 31, 2006:

 

 

Payments Due By Period

 

Contractual Obligations

 

 

 

Less than
1 Year

 

1-3 Years

 

3-5 Years

 

More than
5 Years

 

Total

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Debt excluding capital leases

 

$

26,350

 

$

45,842

 

$

38,858

 

$

26,721

 

$

137,771

 

Operating leases

 

64,005

 

126,313

 

120,161

 

758,640

 

1,069,119

 

Capital leases

 

23,648

 

47,735

 

48,309

 

238,951

 

358,643

 

Purchase commitments

 

693

 

 

 

 

693

 

Total minimum payments

 

114,696

 

219,890

 

207,328

 

1,024,312

 

1,566,226

 

Less interest

 

(25,256

)

(45,112

)

(38,017

)

(98,410

)

(206,795

)

 

 

$

89,440

 

$

174,778

 

$

169,311

 

$

925,902

 

$

1,359,431

 

 

Our debt excluding capital leases in the amount of $26.4 million for the first year in the table above includes our second annual installment payments in the amount of $13.6 million on our 5.20% senior notes and our 5.88% senior notes due in October 2007.

Debt Instruments and Related Covenants

As an additional source of liquidity, we have a $25.0 million non-collateralized revolving credit agreement with a maturity date of September 28, 2007. Borrowings under the agreement bear interest at the bank’s reference rate (prime) or, at our option, at the bank’s quoted rate or at a Eurodollar rate. A commitment fee of 0.25% per annum is payable on unborrowed funds available under the agreement. The prime rate was 8.25% at December 31, 2006 and 7.25% at December 31, 2005. There was no outstanding balance under the agreement at December 31, 2006, nor were there any borrowings under the agreement during 2006. There was no outstanding balance under the agreement at December 31, 2005 nor were there any borrowings under the agreement during 2005.

Item 7A.                Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

The Company is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates on debt and changes in commodity prices. The Company does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. Our exposure to interest rate risk relates to our $25.0 million revolving line of credit and our $12.0 million mortgage term loan with our banks. Borrowings under the revolving line of credit bear interest at the bank’s reference rate (prime) or, at our option, at the bank’s quoted rate or at a Eurodollar rate. There was no balance outstanding under the revolving line of credit at December 31, 2006 nor were there any borrowings under the agreement during 2006. The mortgage term loan had a balance outstanding of $7.7 million at December 31, 2006 and has a maturity date of May 2013. The loan is collateralized by certain IHOP restaurants. Borrowings under the mortgage term loan bear interest at the London

39




Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus the applicable margin. The applicable margin will be a function of the funded debt to EBITDA ratio, as defined in the loan agreement. This rate was 7.85% at December 31, 2006. The impact on our results of operations due to a hypothetical 1% interest rate change would be immaterial.

In March 2002, we entered into a $17.2 million variable rate term loan also included in leasehold mortgage term loans. This loan, which accrues interest at one-month LIBOR, will amortize over twelve years and has a maturity date of April 1, 2014. The outstanding balance as of December 31, 2006, was $12.3 million. The interest rate was 7.85% at December 31, 2006. The lending institution required us to enter into an interest rate swap agreement for 50% of the loan, or $8.6 million, as a means of reducing our interest rate exposure. This strategy uses an interest rate swap to effectively convert $8.6 million in variable rate borrowings into fixed rate liabilities. The interest rate swap agreement is considered to be a hedge against changes in the amount of future cash flows associated with interest payments on this variable rate loan.

Many of the food products purchased by the Company and its franchisees and area licensees are affected by commodity pricing and are, therefore, subject to unpredictable price volatility. We attempt to mitigate price fluctuations by entering into forward purchase agreements on all our major products. None of these food product contracts or agreements is a derivative instrument. Extreme changes in commodity prices and/or long-term changes could affect our franchisees, area licensees and company-operated restaurants adversely. We expect that in most cases the IHOP system would be able to pass increased commodity prices through to its consumers via increases in menu prices. From time to time, competitive circumstances could limit short-term menu price flexibility, and in those cases margins would be negatively impacted by increased commodity prices. This would be mitigated by the fact that the majority of IHOP restaurants are franchised and our revenue stream from franchisees is based on the gross sales of the restaurants. We believe that any changes in commodity pricing that cannot be adjusted for by changes in menu pricing or other strategies would not be material to either our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

In some instances, the Company is required to enter into commitments to purchase food and other items on behalf of the IHOP system as a whole in support of our limited-time promotions. At December 31, 2006, our outstanding purchase commitments for upcoming limited-time offers advertised on television were $0.7 million. The Company has developed processes to facilitate the liquidation of these commitments to minimize financial exposure.

40







IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share amounts)

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

19,516

 

$

23,111

 

Receivables, net

 

45,571

 

43,690

 

Reacquired franchises and equipment held for sale, net

 

 

273

 

Inventories

 

396

 

537

 

Prepaid expenses

 

7,493

 

2,899

 

Deferred income taxes

 

5,417

 

 

Total current assets

 

78,393

 

70,510

 

Long-term receivables

 

302,088

 

319,335

 

Property and equipment, net

 

309,737

 

317,959

 

Excess of costs over net assets acquired

 

10,767

 

10,767

 

Other assets

 

67,885

 

52,509

 

Total assets

 

$

768,870

 

$

771,080

 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Current maturities of long-term debt

 

$

19,738

 

$

19,564

 

Accounts payable

 

14,689

 

15,083

 

Accrued employee compensation and benefits

 

13,359

 

10,745

 

Other accrued expenses

 

11,317

 

9,030

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

2,882

 

Current portion of capital lease obligations

 

5,002

 

4,491

 

Total current liabilities

 

64,105

 

61,795

 

Long-term debt, less current maturities

 

94,468

 

114,210

 

Deferred income taxes

 

76,017

 

61,414

 

Capital lease obligations, less current maturities

 

170,412

 

172,681

 

Other liabilities

 

74,655

 

67,134

 

Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6 and 12)

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, $1 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding

 

 

 

Common stock, $.01 par value, 40,000,000 shares authorized; 2006: 22,818,007 shares issued and 17,873,548 shares outstanding; 2005: 22,464,760 shares issued and 18,409,587 shares outstanding

 

227

 

225

 

Additional paid-in-capital

 

131,748

 

120,922

 

Retained earnings

 

358,975

 

332,560

 

Deferred compensation

 

 

(747

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(133

)

(205

)

Treasury stock, at cost (2006: 4,944,459 shares; 2005: 4,055,173 shares)

 

(201,604

)

(158,909

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

289,213

 

293,846

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

768,870

 

$

771,080

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

42




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Franchise revenues

 

$

179,331

 

$

167,384

 

$

157,584

 

Rental income

 

132,101

 

131,626

 

131,763

 

Company restaurant sales

 

13,585

 

13,964

 

31,564

 

Financing revenues

 

24,543

 

35,049

 

38,091

 

Total revenues

 

349,560

 

348,023

 

359,002

 

Costs and Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Franchise expenses

 

83,079

 

78,768

 

77,402

 

Rental expenses

 

97,904

 

98,391

 

95,392

 

Company restaurant expenses

 

15,601

 

15,095

 

34,701

 

Financing expenses

 

11,881

 

20,336

 

20,674

 

General and administrative expenses

 

63,543

 

58,801

 

59,890

 

Other expense, net

 

4,659

 

4,870

 

2,664

 

Impairment and closure charges

 

43

 

896

 

14,112

 

Total costs and expenses

 

276,710

 

277,157

 

304,835

 

Income before income taxes

 

72,850

 

70,866

 

54,167

 

Provision for income taxes

 

28,297

 

26,929

 

20,746

 

Net income

 

$

44,553

 

$

43,937

 

$

33,421

 

Net income per share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

2.46

 

$

2.26

 

$

1.62

 

Diluted

 

$

2.43

 

$

2.24

 

$

1.61

 

Weighted average shares outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

18,085

 

19,405

 

20,606

 

Diluted

 

18,298

 

19,603

 

20,791

 

Dividends declared per share

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

Dividends paid per share

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

$

1.00

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

43




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands, except share amounts)

 

 

Common Stock

 

Additional

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated
Other

 

Treasury

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares
Issued

 

Amount

 

Paid-in
Capital

 

Retained
Earnings

 

Deferred
Compensation

 

Comprehensive
Loss

 

Stock, at
cost

 

Contribution
To ESOP

 

Total

 

Balance, December 31, 2003

 

21,994,068

 

 

$

220

 

 

 

$

104,661

 

 

$

295,448

 

 

$

(191

)

 

 

$

(545

)

 

$

(19,443

)

 

$

2,210

 

 

$

382,360

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,421

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,421

 

Unrealized gain on interest rate swap, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

144

 

 

 

 

 

 

144

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,565

 

Repurchase of treasury shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(63,890

)

 

 

 

(63,890

)

Reissuance of treasury shares
to ESOP

 

 

 

 

 

 

907

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,318

 

 

(2,225

)

 

 

Issuance of shares pursuant to stock plans

 

258,682

 

 

3

 

 

 

5,607

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,610

 

Tax benefit from stock options
exercised

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,722

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,722

 

Dividends—common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(20,696

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(20,696

)

Amortization of deferred
compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

168

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

168

 

Contribution to ESOP

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

925

 

 

925

 

Balance, December 31, 2004

 

22,252,750

 

 

223

 

 

 

112,897

 

 

308,173

 

 

(23

)

 

 

(401

)

 

(82,015

)

 

910

 

 

339,764

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

43,937

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

43,937

 

Unrealized gain on interest rate swap,
net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

196

 

 

 

 

 

 

196

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

44,133

 

Repurchase of treasury shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(77,474

)

 

 

 

(77,474

)

Reissuance of treasury shares
to ESOP

 

 

 

 

 

 

330

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

580

 

 

(910

)

 

 

Issuance of shares pursuant to stock plans

 

190,510

 

 

2

 

 

 

5,083

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,085

 

Issuance of restricted stock

 

21,500

 

 

 

 

 

1,034

 

 

 

 

(1,034

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of restricted stock grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

287

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

287

 

Tax benefit from stock options
exercised

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,578

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,578

 

Dividends—common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(19,550

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(19,550

)

Amortization of deferred
compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23

 

Balance, December 31, 2005

 

22,464,760

 

 

225

 

 

 

120,922

 

 

332,560

 

 

(747

)

 

 

(205

)

 

(158,909

)

 

 

 

293,846

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

44,553

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

44,553

 

Unrealized gain on interest rate swap, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

72

 

 

 

 

 

 

72

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

44,625

 

Repurchase of treasury shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(42,695

)

 

 

 

(42,695

)

Issuance of shares pursuant to stock plans

 

204,447

 

 

2

 

 

 

5,942

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,944

 

Stock option expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,905

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,905

 

Issuance of restricted stock

 

148,800

 

 

 

 

 

(747

)

 

 

 

747

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of restricted stock grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,006

 

Tax benefit from stock options
exercised

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,720

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,720

 

Dividends—common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(18,138

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(18,138

)

Balance, December 31, 2006

 

22,818,007

 

 

$

227

 

 

 

$

131,748

 

 

$

358,975

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

(133

)

 

$

(201,604

)

 

$

 

 

$

289,213

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

44




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

Cash flows from operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

44,553

 

$

43,937

 

$

33,421

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows provided by operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

20,050

 

19,866

 

18,736

 

Impairment and closure charges

 

43

 

896

 

14,112

 

Deferred income taxes

 

6,304

 

(3,689

)

(6,000

)

Stock-based compensation expense

 

3,911

 

287

 

 

Excess tax benefit from stock options exercised

 

(1,720

)

 

 

Contribution to ESOP

 

 

 

925

 

Tax benefit from stock options exercised

 

 

1,578

 

1,722

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Receivables

 

(2,524

)

(148

)

1,590

 

Inventories

 

141

 

(389

)

408

 

Prepaid expenses

 

(4,594

)

(487

)

1,867

 

Accounts payable

 

(394

)

(2,050

)

3,293

 

Accrued employee compensation and benefits

 

2,614

 

1,560

 

(2,777

)

Other accrued expenses

 

(802

)

(2,336

)

2,442

 

Other

 

(2,723

)

(3,672

)

(2,758

)

Cash flows provided by operating activities

 

64,859

 

55,353

 

66,981

 

Cash flows from investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additions to property and equipment

 

(9,426

)

(7,365

)

(16,631

)

Additions to long term receivables

 

(159

)

(36

)

(485

)

Purchase and redemption of marketable securities, net

 

 

13,843

 

31,033

 

Proceeds from sale of land and building

 

 

890

 

3,207

 

Principal receipts from notes and equipment contracts receivable

 

17,781

 

19,403

 

21,428

 

Additions to reacquired franchises held for sale

 

(594

)

(2,387

)

(1,288

)

Property insurance proceeds

 

1,694

 

 

 

Cash flows provided by investing activities

 

9,296

 

24,348

 

37,264

 

Cash flows from financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from landlords

 

 

1,000

 

 

Repayment of long-term debt

 

(19,568

)

(5,838

)

(5,733

)

Principal payments on capital lease obligations

 

(4,088

)

(3,844

)

(3,501

)

Dividends paid

 

(18,138

)

(19,550

)

(20,696

)

Purchase of treasury stock

 

(42,695

)

(77,474

)

(63,890

)

Proceeds from stock options exercised

 

5,944

 

5,085

 

5,610

 

Excess tax benefit from stock options exercised

 

1,720

 

 

 

Deferred financing costs

 

(925

)

 

 

Cash flows used in financing activities

 

(77,750

)

(100,621

)

(88,210

)

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

 

(3,595

)

(20,920

)

16,035

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

 

23,111

 

44,031

 

27,996

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

 

$

19,516

 

$

23,111

 

$

44,031

 

Supplemental disclosures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid (net of amounts capitalized of $0, $0 and $100, respectively)

 

$

29,759

 

$

29,967

 

$

28,108

 

Income taxes paid

 

35,142

 

30,795

 

17,354

 

Capital lease obligations incurred

 

2,329

 

3,050

 

632

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

45




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Operations

IHOP Corp. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) engage exclusively in the food-service industry, primarily in the United States, where we franchise and operate International House of Pancakes, or IHOP, restaurants. In January 2003, we announced significant changes in the way we conduct our business. These changes included a transition from company-financed restaurant development (the “Old Business Model”) to a more traditional franchise development model, in which franchisees finance and develop new restaurants (the “New Business Model”).

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of IHOP Corp. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassification

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year information to conform to the current year presentation. These include the reclassification of amortization of restricted stock from depreciation and amortization to stock-based compensation expense on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Fiscal Periods

The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Sunday nearest to December 31 of each year. For convenience, we report all fiscal years as ending on December 31 and fiscal quarters as ending on March 31, June 30 and September 30.

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. They also affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

At times, the Company purchases highly liquid, investment-grade securities with an original maturity of three months or less. These cash equivalents are stated at cost which approximates market value. We do not believe that we are exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. At times, cash and cash equivalent balances may be in excess of FDIC insurance limits.

Inventories

Inventories consisting of merchandise and supplies are stated at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or market.

46




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

1.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

Category

 

 

 

Depreciable Life

Buildings and improvements

 

25 - 40 years

Leaseholds and improvements

 

Shorter of primary lease term or 3 - 25 years

Equipment and fixtures

 

3 - 10 years

Properties under capital leases

 

Primary lease term

 

Accounting for Long-Lived Assets

We regularly evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment at the individual restaurant level. Restaurant assets are evaluated for impairment at least on a quarterly basis or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a restaurant may not be recoverable. We consider factors such as the number of years the restaurant has been operated by the Company, sales trends, cash flow trends, remaining lease life, and site specific considerations which may apply on a case by case basis. These impairment evaluations require an estimation of cash flows over the remaining useful life of the asset.

Recoverability of a restaurant’s assets is measured by comparing the assets’ carrying value to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated over the assets’ remaining useful life. If the total expected undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, the carrying amount is written down to the estimated fair value, and a loss resulting from impairment is recognized by a charge to earnings. The fair value is determined by discounting the future cash flows based on our cost of capital.

The Company may decide to close certain company-operated restaurants. Typically such decisions are based on operating performance or strategic considerations. In these instances, we reserve, or write-off, the full carrying value of these restaurants as impaired.

Periodically, the Company will reacquire a previously franchised restaurant. At the time of reacquisition, the franchise will be recorded at the lower of (1) the sum of the franchise receivables and costs of reacquisition, or (2) the estimated net realizable value. The net realizable value of a reacquired franchise is based on the Company’s average five-year historical franchise resale value. The historical resale value used in 2006 was $200,000. An impairment loss will be recognized equal to the amount by which the reacquisition value exceeds the historical resale value.

Assumptions and estimates made by the Company related to long-lived assets are affected by factors such as economic conditions, changes in franchise historical resale values, and changes in operating performance. As the Company assesses the ongoing expected cash flows and carrying value of its long-lived assets, these factors could cause the Company to realize impairment charges.

Excess of Costs Over Net Assets Acquired

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually and more frequently if circumstances indicate that it may be impaired. Our

47




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

1.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

analysis in 2006 concluded that since the estimated fair value of Equity of Franchise Operations exceeded the book value, no impairment exists.

Self-Insurance Liability

We are self-insured for a significant portion of our employee workers’ compensation obligations. The Company maintains stop-loss coverage with third party insurers to limit its total exposure. The accrued liability associated with these programs is based on our estimate of the ultimate costs to be incurred to settle known claims and claims incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. Our estimated liability is not discounted and is based on a number of assumptions and factors, including historical trends, actuarial assumptions and economic conditions. If actual trends, including the severity or frequency of claims, differ from our estimates, our financial results could be impacted.

Revenue Recognition

Our revenues and expenses are recorded in four categories: franchise operations, rental operations, company restaurant operations and financing operations.

The franchise operations revenue consists primarily of royalty revenues, sales of proprietary products, advertising fees and the portion of the franchise fees allocated to the Company’s intellectual property. Rental operations revenue includes revenue from operating leases and interest income from direct financing leases. Company restaurant sales are retail sales at company-operated restaurants. Financing operations revenue consists of the portion of franchise fees not allocated to the Company’s intellectual property and sales of equipment as well as interest income from the financing of franchise fees and equipment leases.

Sales by company-operated restaurants are recognized on a cash basis. Revenues from franchised and area licensed restaurants include continuing rent and service fees and initial franchise fees. Continuing fees are recognized in the period earned. Initial franchise fees are recognized upon the opening of a restaurant, which is when the Company has performed substantially all initial services required by the franchise agreement. Fees from development agreements are deferred and recorded into income when a restaurant under the development agreement is opened.

Leases

The Company leases the majority of all IHOP restaurants. The restaurants are subleased to our franchisees or in a few instances are operated by the Company. The Company’s leases generally provide for an initial term of 15 to 25 years, with most having one or more five-year renewal options in favor of the Company. The rental payments or receipts on those property leases that meet the capital lease criteria will result in the recognition of interest expense or interest income and a reduction of capital lease obligation or financing lease receivable. Capital lease obligations are amortized based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate and direct financing leases are amortized using the implicit interest rate. Assets under capital leases are included in Property and Equipment and are depreciated over the shorter of their useful lives or the life of the lease. The rental payments or receipts on leases that meet the operating lease criteria are recorded as rental expense or rental income. Rental expense and rental income for these operating leases are recognized on the straight-line basis over the original terms of the leases. The difference

48




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

1.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

between straight-line rent expense or income and actual amounts paid or received represents deferred rent and is included in the balance sheets as other assets or other liabilities, respectively.

We historically capitalized the straight-line rent amounts during the construction period of leased properties. Straight-line rent subsequent to the construction period and prior to the restaurant opening was recognized as expense. However, in accordance with FASB Staff Position FAS 13-1, “Accounting for Rental Costs Incurred during a Construction Period,” beginning in January 2006, straight-line rent amounts are expensed during the construction period of leased properties. The adoption of FAS 13-1 did not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Preopening Expenses

Expenditures related to the opening of new restaurants, other than those for capital assets, are charged to expense when incurred.

Net Advertising Expense

Net advertising expenses included in company restaurant operations and franchise operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 were $1.0 million, $1.1 million and $3.8 million, respectively. In addition, significant advertising expenses are also incurred by franchisees through local advertising cooperatives and a national advertising fund.

Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes are determined using the liability method. A deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities as measured by the enacted tax rates that are expected to be in effect when these differences reverse. Deferred tax expense is the result of changes in the deferred tax asset or liability. If necessary, valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to their expected realizable values.

Net Income Per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common share equivalents included in the diluted computation represent shares issuable upon assumed exercises of outstanding stock options using the treasury stock method.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive income or loss components which, under GAAP, bypass the income statement and are reported in the balance sheets as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. As of December 31, 2006, our interest rate swap liability was $0.2 million. In 2006, 2005 and 2004 the Company had other comprehensive income of $72,000, $196,000, and $144,000, respectively, due to an unrealized gain, net of tax, on an interest rate swap that the Company entered into during 2002.

49




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

1.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values of all cash and cash equivalents, notes receivable and equipment contracts receivable as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, approximated their carrying amounts in the balance sheets as of those dates. The estimated fair values of notes receivable and equipment leases receivable are based on current interest rates offered for similar loans in our present lending activities.

The estimated fair values of long-term debt are based on current rates available to the Company for similar debt of the same remaining maturities. The carrying values of long-term debt at December 31, 2006 and 2005 were $94,468,000 and $114,210,000, respectively, and the fair values at those dates were $87,479,000 and $107,790,000, respectively.

New Accounting Pronouncements

At its March 28, 2006 meeting, the FASB approved the issuance of a draft abstract EITF Issue No. 06-3, “How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should Be Presented in the Income Statement (That is, Gross versus Net Presentation)”, which addresses the income statement disclosure on taxes assessed by a governmental authority that is directly imposed on a revenue-producing transaction between a seller and a customer, and may include, but are not limited to, sales, use, value-added, and some excise taxes. The presentation of taxes on either a gross (included in revenues and costs) or a net (excluded from revenues) basis is an accounting policy decision that should be disclosed pursuant to Opinion 22. In addition, for any such taxes that are reported on a gross basis, a company should disclose the amounts of those taxes in interim and annual financial statements for each period for which an income statement is presented if those amounts are significant and can be done on an aggregate basis. When issued, EITF Issue No. 06-3 would be effective for financial reports for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2006. We currently account for taxes on a net basis; therefore, EITF 06-3 should not have any significant impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes,” which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, and clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. FIN 48 requires that we recognize the impact of a tax position in our financial statements if that position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle is recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. We do not believe that the adoption of FIN 48 will have a material impact on our statement of financial position, as any adjustment upon adoption would be a cumulative impact on retained earnings.

In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”) which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 requires companies to disclose the fair value of their financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy, as defined. SFAS No. 157 may require companies to provide additional disclosures based on that hierarchy. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact adoption or SFAS No. 157 may have on our consolidated financial statements.

50




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

1.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”) which provides interpretive guidance on the consideration of the effects of prior year misstatements in quantifying current year misstatements for the purpose of a materiality assessment. Correcting prior year financial statements for immaterial errors would not require previously filed reports to be amended. If a Company determines that an adjustment to prior year financial statements is required upon adoption of SAB 108 and does not elect to restate its previous financial statements, then it must recognize the cumulative effect of applying SAB 108 in fiscal 2006 beginning balances of the affected assets and liabilities with a corresponding adjustment to the fiscal 2006 opening balance in retained earnings. SAB 108 is effective for interim periods of the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SAB 108 on its consolidated financial statements.

2.   Receivables

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Accounts receivable

 

$

29,195

 

$

26,647

 

Notes receivable

 

31,687

 

41,692

 

Equipment leases receivable

 

166,964

 

173,140

 

Direct financing leases receivable

 

121,172

 

122,881

 

 

 

349,018

 

364,360

 

Less allowance for doubtful accounts

 

(1,359

)

(1,335

)

 

 

347,659

 

363,025

 

Less current portion

 

(45,571

)

(43,690

)

Long-term receivables

 

$

302,088

 

$

319,335

 

 

Accounts receivable primarily includes receivables due from franchisees and distributors. Notes receivable include franchise fee notes in the amount of $30,179,000 and $39,943,000 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Franchise fee notes have a term of five to eight years and are due in equal weekly installments, primarily bear interest averaging 9.69% per annum, and are collateralized by the franchise. The term of an equipment contract coincides with the term of the corresponding restaurant building lease. Equipment contracts are due in equal weekly installments, primarily bear interest averaging 10.24% per annum, and are collateralized by the equipment. Where applicable, franchise fee notes, equipment contracts and building leases contain cross-default provisions wherein a default under one constitutes a default under all. There is not a disproportionate concentration of credit risk in any geographic area.

51




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

2.   Receivables (Continued)

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts:

 

 

Accounts and Notes
Receivable

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Balance at December 31, 2003

 

 

$

1,321

 

 

Provision

 

 

860

 

 

Charge-offs

 

 

(1,155

)

 

Recoveries

 

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2004

 

 

$

1,026

 

 

Provision

 

 

984

 

 

Charge-offs

 

 

(715

)

 

Recoveries

 

 

40

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2005

 

 

$

1,335

 

 

Provision

 

 

1,149

 

 

Charge-offs

 

 

(1,154

)

 

Recoveries

 

 

29

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2006

 

 

$

1,359

 

 

 

3.   Property and Equipment

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Land

 

$

31,260

 

$

31,260

 

Buildings and improvements

 

57,851

 

57,851

 

Leaseholds and improvements

 

257,007

 

251,398

 

Equipment and fixtures

 

23,905

 

21,464

 

Construction in progress

 

2,966

 

2,779

 

Properties under capital lease obligations

 

62,196

 

60,493

 

 

 

435,185

 

425,245

 

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(125,448

)

(107,286

)

Property and equipment, net

 

$

309,737

 

$

317,959

 

 

Buildings and improvements are structures, and improvements to structures, on land owned by the Company. Leaseholds and improvements are structures, and improvements to structures, on land leased by the Company. Equipment and fixtures are primarily computer equipment and office furniture. Properties under capital lease represent the values of property leased under a capital lease. The value of leased property is recorded at the lower of the fair value of the leased property, or the present value of the minimum lease payments, at the inception of the lease.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization includes accumulated amortization for properties under capital lease obligations in the amount of $17,040,000 and $14,526,000 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

52




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

4.   Reacquired Franchises and Equipment Held for Sale

Reacquired franchises and equipment held for sale are accounted for on the specific identification basis. At the date of reacquisition, the franchise and equipment are recorded at the lower of (1) the sum of the franchise receivables and costs of reacquisition, or (2) the estimated net realizable value. Pending the sale of such franchise, the carrying value is amortized ratably over the remaining life of the asset or lease and the estimated net realizable value is evaluated in conjunction with our impairment evaluation of long-lived assets. The estimated net realizable value used in 2006 was $200,000 for each franchise held for resale. Reacquired franchises and equipment held for sale, net, was $0 and $273,000 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

5.   Debt

Debt consists of the following components:

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Senior Notes due November 2008, payable in equal annual installments commencing November 2000, at a fixed interest rate of 7.42%

 

$

7,778

 

$

11,667

 

Senior Notes Series B due October 2012, at a fixed interest rate of 5.88%

 

5,000

 

5,000

 

Senior Notes Series A due October 2012, at a fixed interest rate of 5.20%

 

81,428

 

95,000

 

Leasehold mortgage term loans and other

 

20,000

 

22,107

 

Total debt

 

114,206

 

133,774

 

Less current maturities

 

(19,738

)

(19,564

)

Long-term debt

 

$

94,468

 

$

114,210

 

 

The Senior Notes due in 2008 are non-collateralized.

In 2002, the Company completed a private placement of $100 million of non-collateralized senior notes in two tranches ($5 million and $95 million) due in October 2012. The notes have an average fixed interest rate of 5.234% with annual principal payments of $13.6 million commencing October 2006. Proceeds from the sale of the senior notes were used to fund capital expenditures for new restaurants and for general corporate purposes.

Included in leasehold mortgage term loans is a loan amount totaling $7.7 million and $8.6 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, due May 2013. The loan is collateralized by certain IHOP restaurants. Borrowings under this loan agreement bear interest at the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus the applicable margin. The applicable margin is a function of the funded debt to EBITDA as defined under the loan agreement. This rate was 7.85% and 6.79% at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

On March 13, 2002, the Company entered into a $17.2 million variable rate term loan also included in leasehold mortgage term loans. This loan, which accrues interest at one-month LIBOR, will amortize over twelve years and has a maturity date of April 1, 2014. The outstanding balance as of December 31, 2006

53




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

5.   Debt (Continued)

and 2005 was $12.3 million and $13.5 million, respectively. The interest rate was 7.85% at December 31, 2006. The lending institution required the Company to enter into an interest rate swap agreement for 50% of the loan, or $8.6 million, as a means of reducing the Company’s interest rate exposure. This strategy uses an interest rate swap to effectively convert $8.6 million in variable rate borrowings into fixed rate liabilities. The interest rate swap agreement is considered to be a hedge against changes in the amount of future cash flows associated with interest payments on this variable rate loan. As a result, the interest rate swap agreement is stated at fair value and the related net loss of $0.1 million on this agreement as of December 31, 2006 is reflected in stockholders’ equity as a component of comprehensive income (loss).

The Company has a non-collateralized revolving credit agreement with a bank in the amount of $25.0 million with a maturity date of September 28, 2007. Borrowings under the agreement bear interest at the bank’s reference rate (prime) or, at our option, at the bank’s quoted rate or at a Eurodollar rate. A commitment fee of 0.25% per annum is payable on unborrowed funds available under the agreement. The prime rate was 8.25% and 7.25% at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company has $25.0 million available for borrowing as of December 31, 2006.

Future share repurchases and dividends could be affected by a restriction on consolidated tangible net worth in our $25.0 million non-collateralized revolving credit agreement. This agreement restricts us to a minimum of $214,000 plus 25.0% of consolidated net income on a cumulative basis from December 31, 2004. Under this agreement, consolidated tangible net worth includes shareholders’ equity, less intangible assets, and less restricted investments in excess of 10% of shareholders equity. This agreement is therefore influenced by additional share repurchases. In addition, there are other covenants in the note purchase agreements governing our 5.20% senior notes and our 5.88% senior notes which may also limit the Company’s ability to repurchase stock. In August 2006, the Company announced its intention to refinance its existing debt which would remove these restrictive covenants limiting share repurchase activity. The Company expects this transaction to be completed in the first quarter of 2007.

Our long term debt maturities for the years succeeding December 31, 2006 are as follows:

 

 

(In thousands)

 

2007

 

 

$

19,738

 

 

2008

 

 

19,928

 

 

2009

 

 

16,243

 

 

2010

 

 

16,465

 

 

2011

 

 

16,705

 

 

Thereafter

 

 

25,127

 

 

 

 

 

$

114,206

 

 

 

6.   Leases

The Company leases the majority of all IHOP restaurants. The restaurants are subleased to our franchisees or in a few instances operated by the Company. These noncancelable leases and subleases consist primarily of land, buildings and improvements.

54




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

6.   Leases (Continued)

The following is the Company’s net investment in direct financing lease receivables:

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Total minimum rents receivable

 

$

279,561

 

$

296,022

 

Less unearned income

 

(158,389

)

(173,141

)

Net investment in direct financing lease receivables

 

121,172

 

122,881

 

Less current portion

 

(2,408

)

(2,023

)

Long-term direct financing lease receivables

 

$

118,764

 

$

120,858

 

 

Contingent rental income, which is the amount above and beyond base rent, for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $17,952,000, $17,752,000 and $17,576,000, respectively.

The following is the Company’s net investment in equipment leases receivable:

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Total minimum leases receivable

 

$

351,802

 

$

377,533

 

Less unearned income

 

(184,838

)

(204,393

)

Net investment in equipment leases receivables

 

166,964

 

173,140

 

Less current portion

 

(6,707

)

(6,467

)

Long-term equipment leases receivable

 

$

160,257

 

$

166,673

 

 

The following are minimum future lease payments on the Company’s noncancelable leases as lessee at December 31, 2006:

 

 

Capital
Leases

 

Operating
Leases

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

2007

 

$

23,648

 

$

64,005

 

2008

 

23,776

 

63,576

 

2009

 

23,959

 

62,737

 

2010

 

24,205

 

60,930

 

2011

 

24,104

 

59,231

 

Thereafter

 

238,951

 

758,640

 

Total minimum lease payments

 

358,643

 

$

1,069,119

 

Less interest

 

(183,229

)

 

 

Capital lease obligations

 

175,414

 

 

 

Less current portion

 

(5,002

)

 

 

Long-term capital lease obligations

 

$

170,412

 

 

 

 

55




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

6.   Leases (Continued)

The asset cost and carrying amount on company-owned property leased at December 31, 2006, was $89.1 million and $76.7 million, respectively. The asset cost and carrying amounts represent the land and building asset values and net book values on sites leased to franchisees.

The minimum future lease payments shown above have not been reduced by the following future minimum rents to be received on noncancelable subleases and leases of owned property at December 31, 2006:

 

 

Direct
Financing
Leases

 

Operating
Leases

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

2007

 

$

18,133

 

$

92,203

 

2008

 

18,426

 

92,817

 

2009

 

18,493

 

93,130

 

2010

 

18,580

 

94,258

 

2011

 

18,641

 

94,708

 

Thereafter

 

187,288

 

1,353,716

 

Total minimum rents receivable

 

$

279,561

 

$

1,820,832

 

 

The Company has noncancelable leases, expiring at various dates through 2032, that require payment of contingent rents based upon a percentage of sales of the related restaurant as well as property taxes, insurance and other charges. Subleases to franchisees of properties under such leases are generally for the full term of the lease obligation at rents that include the Company’s obligations for property taxes, insurance, contingent rents and other charges. Generally, the noncancelable leases include renewal options. Contingent rent expense for all noncancelable leases for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $3,275,000, $3,291,000 and $3,224,000, respectively. Minimum rent expense for all noncancelable operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $63,825,000, $62,669,000 and $61,376,000, respectively.

7.   Stock-Based Compensation

From time to time, the Company grants stock options and restricted stock to officers, directors and employees of the Company under the 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2001 Plan”) and the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “2005 Plan”). The stock options generally vest over a three year period and have a maturity of ten years from the issuance date. Option exercise prices equal the closing price on the New York Stock Exchange of the common stock on the date of grant. Restricted stock provides for the issuance of a share of the Company’s common stock at no cost to the holder and generally vests over terms determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. The restricted stock generally vests only if the employee is actively employed by the Company on the vesting date, and unvested restricted shares are forfeited upon termination, retirement before age 65, death or disability, unless the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors determines otherwise. When vested options and restricted stock are issued, the Company generally issues new shares from its authorized but unissued share pool or utilizes treasury stock. Stock-based compensation for the year ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 of $3.9 million and $0.3 million, respectively, has been recognized

56




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

7.   Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

as a component of general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.

Beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2006, the Company adopted FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, which is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. Statement 123(R) supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and amends FASB Statement No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. Generally, the approach in Statement 123(R) is similar to the approach described in Statement 123. Statement 123(R) requires all share-based payments, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative. Statement 123(R) also requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of recognized compensation cost to be reported as a financing cash flow, rather than as an operating cash flow. This requirement reduces net operating cash flows and increases net financing cash flows in periods after adoption. The Company adopted Statement 123(R) effective January 2006, using the modified prospective method. This method requires the recognition of compensation costs for share-based payments based on their grant-date fair value from the beginning of the fiscal period in which the recognition provisions are first applied.

The estimated fair values of the options granted for each of the three years ending December 31, 2006 were calculated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following summarizes the assumptions used in the 2006 Black-Scholes model:

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

Risk free interest rate

 

4.67

%

3.99

%

3.06

%

Weighted average volatility

 

28.2

%

27.1

%

36.8

%

Dividend yield

 

1.96

%

2.12

%

2.80

%

Expected years until exercise

 

5 Years

 

5 Years

 

5 Years

 

Forfeitures

 

12.03

%

N/A

 

N/A

 

Weighted average fair value of options granted

 

$

13.81

 

$

11.67

 

$

10.16

 

 

Prior to 2006, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” we elected to account for stock options under the intrinsic value method which required compensation expense to be recorded only if, on the date of grant, the current market price of the Company’s common stock exceeded the exercise price the employee must pay for the stock. The Company’s policy was to grant stock options at the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of grant. The Company’s net income and net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2005 would have been reduced if compensation cost related to stock options had been recorded in the financial statements based on fair value at the grant dates.

57




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

7.   Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

As a result of adopting SFAS 123R, the impact to our net income for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $2.4 million (net of $1.5 million tax benefit). The impact on basic earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $0.14 per share, and the impact on diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $0.14. Pro forma net income as if the fair value based method had been applied to all awards is as follows (in thousands, except net income per share data):

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(In thousands, except
per share amounts)

 

Net income, as reported

 

$

44,553

 

$

43,937

 

$

33,421

 

Add stock-based compensation expense included in reported net income, net of tax

 

2,392

 

192

 

104

 

Less stock-based compensation expense determined under the fair-value accounting method, net of tax

 

(2,392

)

(1,947

)

(1,765

)

Net income, pro forma

 

$

44,553

 

$

42,182

 

$

31,760

 

Net income per share-basic, as reported

 

$

2.46

 

$

2.26

 

$

1.62

 

Net income per share-basic, pro forma

 

$

2.46

 

$

2.17

 

$

1.54

 

Net income per share-diluted, as reported

 

$

2.43

 

$

2.24

 

$

1.61

 

Net income per share-diluted, pro forma

 

$

2.43

 

$

2.15

 

$

1.53

 

 

The following table summarizes the components of the Company’s stock-based compensation programs recorded as expense (in thousands):

 

 

Twelve Months Ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

Restricted Stock:

 

 

 

 

 

Pre-tax compensation expense

 

$

2,006

 

$

287

 

Tax benefit

 

(779

)

(109

)

Restricted stock expense, net of tax

 

1,227

 

178

 

Stock Options:

 

 

 

 

 

Pre-tax compensation expense

 

1,905

 

23

 

Tax benefit

 

(740

)

(9

)

Stock option expense, net of tax

 

1,165

 

14

 

Total Stock-Based Compensation:

 

 

 

 

 

Pre-tax compensation expense

 

3,911

 

310

 

Tax benefit

 

(1,519

)

(118

)

Total Stock-Based compensation expense, net of tax

 

$

2,392

 

$

192

 

 

58




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

7.   Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

A summary of activity related to restricted stock for the year ended December 31, 2006 is presented below:

 

 

Shares

 

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

 

Nonvested at December 31, 2005

 

21,500

 

 

$

48.09

 

 

Granted

 

148,800

 

 

50.65

 

 

Released

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

 

 

 

Nonvested at December 31, 2006

 

170,300

 

 

$

50.32

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2006, $6.2 million and $1.4 million (including forfeitures) of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock and stock options, respectively, is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.4 years for restricted stock and 1.0 years for stock options.

8.   Stockholders’ Equity

In 2006, the Board of Directors declared and paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.25 per common share for each of the quarters. The Board of Directors indicated its intention to declare quarterly dividends in the future, however, any future dividend declarations will be made at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will be based on the Company’s earnings, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects and other factors.

The Stock Incentive Plan (the “1991 Plan”) was adopted in 1991 and amended and restated in 1998 to authorize the issuance of up to 3,760,000 shares of common stock pursuant to options, restricted stock, and other long-term stock-based incentives to officers and key employees of the Company. The 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2001 Plan”) was adopted in 2001 and amended and restated in 2005 to authorize the issuance of up to 2,200,000 shares of common stock. No option can be granted at an option price of less than the fair market value at the date of grant as defined by the Plan. Exercisability of options is determined at, or after, the date of grant by the administrator of both Plans. All options granted under both Plans through December 31, 2006, become exercisable one-third after one year, two-thirds after two years and 100% after three years or immediately upon a change in control of the Company, as defined by both Plans.

The Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “Directors Plan”) was adopted in 1994 and amended and restated in 1999 to authorize the issuance of up to 400,000 shares of common stock pursuant to options to non-employee members of the Company’s Board of Directors. Options are to be granted at an option price equal to 100% of the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant. Options granted pursuant to the Directors Plan vest and become exercisable one-third after one year, two-thirds after two years and 100% after three years or immediately upon a change in control of the Company, as defined by the Plan. Options for the purchase of shares are granted to each non-employee Director under the Directors Plan as follows: (1) an option to purchase 15,000 shares on February 23, 1995, or on the Director’s election to the Board of Directors if he or she was not a Director on such date, and (2) an

59




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

8.   Stockholders’ Equity (Continued)

option to purchase 5,000 shares annually in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders for that year.

The 2005 Stock Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “2005 Plan”) was adopted in 2005 to authorize the issuance of up to 200,000 shares of common stock to non-employee members of the Company’s Board of Directors. Awards may be made in common stock, in options to purchase common stock, or in shares of common stock subject to certain restrictions (“Restricted Stock”), or any combination thereof. The terms and conditions of awards granted are established by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, but become immediately vested upon a change in control of the Company, as defined by the Plan. Options are to be granted at an option price not less than 100% of the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant. The 2005 Plan provides for an initial grant of Restricted Stock (“Initial Grant”). At the end of a specified performance period, the number of shares in the Initial Grant will be increased or decreased, based on the percentage increase or decrease in the fair market value of the common stock during the performance period.

Information regarding activity for stock options outstanding under the Company’s stock option plans is as follows:

Shares Under Option

 

 

 

Shares

 

Weighted Average
Exercise Price

 

Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in Years)

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2003

 

1,008,043

 

 

$

24.09

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

265,450

 

 

36.17

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(258,682

)

 

21.69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Terminated

 

(56,168

)

 

26.12

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2004

 

958,643

 

 

27.97

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

319,050

 

 

47.49

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(190,510

)

 

26.70

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Terminated

 

(8,350

)

 

32.76

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2005

 

1,078,833

 

 

33.93

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

10,850

 

 

50.96

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(204,447

)

 

29.07

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Terminated

 

(60,547

)

 

42.71

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2006

 

824,689

 

 

$

34.71

 

 

 

6.42

 

 

 

$

14,299,098

 

 

Vested and Expected to Vest at December 31, 2006

 

806,378

 

 

34.45

 

 

 

0.17

 

 

 

$

14,195,990

 

 

Exercisable at December 31, 2006

 

557,060

 

 

30.00

 

 

 

5.68

 

 

 

$

12,283,734

 

 

 

60




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

8.   Stockholders’ Equity (Continued)

Information regarding options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2006 is as follows:

Range of Exercise Prices

 

 

 

Number
Outstanding
as of
12/31/2006

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Number
Exercisable as of
12/31/2006

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

$14.94 - $24.33

 

 

210,664

 

 

 

4.48

 

 

 

$

21.85

 

 

 

210,664

 

 

 

$

21.85

 

 

$27.33 - $35.79

 

 

209,832

 

 

 

5.58

 

 

 

$

29.90

 

 

 

194,834

 

 

 

$

29.48

 

 

$36.10 - $46.70

 

 

163,226

 

 

 

7.37

 

 

 

$

37.57

 

 

 

81,008

 

 

 

$

36.68

 

 

$48.09 - $51.20

 

 

240,967

 

 

 

8.20

 

 

 

$

48.21

 

 

 

70,554

 

 

 

$

48.09

 

 

$14.94 - $51.20

 

 

824,689

 

 

 

6.42

 

 

 

$

34.71

 

 

 

557,060

 

 

 

$

30.00

 

 

 

On May 4, 2006 and August 21, 2006, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had approved a 0.6 million and 2.0 million share increase, respectively, in the Company’s total share repurchase authorization, for a total of 7.2 million shares authorized for repurchase since inception of the program in January 2003. The Company has repurchased 5.0 million shares of its common stock since the inception of the program, resulting in a total of $203.0 million spent on share repurchases. The Company repurchased approximately 0.9 million shares of common stock for $42.7 million in 2006. As of December 31, 2006, the Company was authorized to repurchase up to an additional 2.2 million shares under our stock repurchase program. Depending on market conditions and other factors, these purchases may be commenced or suspended at any time or from time to time without prior notice.

9.   Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is as follows:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Provision for income taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

27,990

 

$

28,033

 

$

23,073

 

State and foreign

 

4,500

 

2,585

 

3,673

 

 

 

32,490

 

30,618

 

26,746

 

Deferred

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

(4,005

)

(1,249

)

(5,258

)

State

 

(188

)

(2,440

)

(742

)

 

 

(4,193

)

(3,689

)

(6,000

)

Provision for income taxes

 

$

28,297

 

$

26,929

 

$

20,746

 

 

61




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

9.   Income Taxes (Continued)

The provision for income taxes differs from the expected federal income tax rates as follows:

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

Statutory federal income tax rate

 

35.0

%

35.0

%

35.0

%

State and other taxes, net of federal tax benefit

 

3.8

 

3.0

 

3.3

 

Effective tax rate

 

38.8

%

38.0

%

38.3

%

 

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following components:

 

 

2006

 

2005

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Differences in capitalization and depreciation and amortization of reacquired franchises and equipment

 

$

4,273

 

$

7,179

 

Differences in capitalization and depreciation

 

 

9,950

 

Other

 

14,008

 

11,230

 

Deferred tax assets

 

18,281

 

28,359

 

Differences between financial and tax accounting in the recognition of franchise and equipment sales

 

(76,603

)

(86,022

)

Differences in capitalization and depreciation

 

(4,650

)

 

Differences between book and tax basis of property and equipment

 

(7,628

)

(4,715

)

Deferred dividends

 

 

(1,918

)

Deferred tax liabilities

 

(88,881

)

(92,655

)

Net deferred tax liabilities

 

$

(70,600

)

$

(64,296

)

Net deferred tax asset (liability)—current

 

5,417

 

(2,882

)

Net deferred tax asset (liability)—non current

 

(76,017

)

(61,414

)

Net deferred tax (liabilities)

 

$

(70,600

)

$

(64,296

)

 

The Company entered into a Pre-Filing Agreement (“PFA”) with the United States Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). The PFA allowed for accelerated depreciation of certain fixed assets, and resulted in a reduction in the Company’s current income tax liability in 2006 with a corresponding increase in its net deferred income tax liability of $14.7 million.

In November 2006, the Company reached a settlement with the IRS with respect to the IRS examination of the Company’s federal income tax returns for the years 2000 through 2003. The settlement requires the Company to accelerate the recognition of income related to the reporting of initial franchise fees to the years under examination.  As a result of the settlement, the Company recognized additional taxable income of $21.9 million in total for the tax years 2000 through 2003 and paid additional tax and interest of $11.0 million. As provided in the settlement, the Company is entitled to deduct the reversal of the $21.9 million in the tax years 2004 through 2008 at a rate of approximately $4.4 million per year.

10.   Employee Benefit Plans

In 1987, the Company adopted a noncontributory Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”). The ESOP is a stock bonus plan under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan covered

62




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

10.   Employee Benefit Plans (Continued)

Company employees who met the minimum credited service requirements of the plan. Employees whose terms of service were covered by a collective bargaining agreement were not eligible for the ESOP unless the terms of such agreement specifically provided for participation in the ESOP.

Effective December 1, 2005, the Company terminated the ESOP, thereby transferring all ESOP shares into the Company’s 401(K) Plan. All unvested ESOP account balances became immediately vested on December 1, 2005. Employees have the option of selling their ESOP shares through the 401(K) Plan.

The cost of the ESOP was borne by the Company through contributions determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with the ESOP provisions and Internal Revenue Service regulations. The contributions to the plan for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 were $910,000 and $2,210,000, respectively. The contribution for the year ended December 31, 2004 was made in shares of IHOP Corp. common stock.

Shares of stock acquired by the ESOP were allocated to each eligible employee and held by the ESOP. Upon the employee’s termination after vesting, or in certain other limited circumstances, the employee’s shares were distributed to the employee according to his or her direction.

In 2001, the Company adopted a defined contribution plan authorized under Section 401(K) of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan covers Company employees who meet the minimum credited service requirements of the 401(K) plan. Employees whose terms of service are covered by a collective bargaining agreement are not eligible. Employees may contribute the maximum allowable for the current year of their pre-tax covered compensation as determined by the limitations of the tax code. IHOP Corp. common stock is not an investment option for employees in the 401(K) plan. Substantially all of the administrative cost of the 401(K) plan is borne by the Company. Beginning in 2004, the Company matches 100% of the employees’ contribution up to 3% of eligible compensation. This contribution was $0.6 million in 2006.

Beginning with the 2005 plan year, the Company will fund, to eligible participants in the Plan, a profit sharing cash contribution equal to 3% of eligible compensation. For the 2006 plan year, the contribution is estimated to be $0.9 million and will be paid in early 2007.

11.   Related Party Transactions

In 2001, the Company loaned $1.2 million to its President and Chief Executive Officer. A portion of the loan ($600,000) was a personal loan. Pursuant to the employment agreement signed by the President and Chief Executive Officer in December 2001, this personal loan is interest free and forgiven in annual increments of $100,000. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005 the outstanding balance of this personal loan was $100,000 and $200,000, respectively. The other portion of the loan ($600,000) was an interest free bridge loan used to fund a portion of the down payment on a new home. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the remaining balance of this loan was zero.

12.   Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to various claims and legal actions that have arisen in the ordinary course of business. We believe such claims and legal actions, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. In some instances, the Company is required to enter into commitments to purchase food and other items on behalf of the IHOP system as a whole in support of our limited-time promotions. At December 31, 2006, our outstanding

63




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

12.   Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)

purchase commitments for upcoming limited-time offers advertised on television were $0.7 million. The Company has developed processes to facilitate the liquidation of these commitments to minimize financial exposure.

In 2006, we became aware of certain technical issues relating to registrations and applications filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office prior to July 5, 1999 (the “Pre-1999 Registrations”). These issues affected the continued validity of certain of the Pre-1999 Registrations and also made inaccurate certain statements in the Uniform Franchise Offering Circular (“UFOC”) we used during certain periods after July 5, 1999 (See Trademarks and Service Marks at page 10 above). We believe that any issues regarding the invalidity of the federal registrations of the affected marks and the related UFOC misstatements have not had and will not have any material impact on IHOP’s Franchisees or our consolidated financial statements.

13.   Segment Reporting

Our revenues and expenses are recorded in four categories: franchise operations, rental operations, company restaurant operations and financing operations.

Franchise operations revenue consists primarily of royalty revenues, sales of proprietary products, advertising fees and the portion of franchise fees allocated to the Company’s intellectual property. Franchise operations expenses include contributions to the national advertising fund, the cost of proprietary products, pre-opening training expenses and other franchise related costs.

Rental operations revenue includes revenue from operating leases and interest income from direct financing leases. Rental operations expenses are costs of operating leases and interest expense on capital leases on franchisee-operated restaurants.

Company restaurant sales are retail sales at company-operated restaurants. Company restaurant expenses are operating expenses at company-operated restaurants and include food, labor and benefits, utilities, rent and other restaurant operating costs.

Financing operations revenue consists of the portion of franchise fees not allocated to the Company’s intellectual property and sales of equipment as well as interest income from the financing of franchise fees and equipment leases. Financing operations expenses are primarily the cost of restaurant equipment and interest expense not associated with capital leases.

64




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

13.   Segment Reporting (Continued)

Prior period segment information has been restated to conform with the current year presentation. Information on segments and a reconciliation to income before income taxes are as follows:

 

 

Franchise
Operations

 

Rental
Operations

 

Company
Restaurant
Operations

 

Finance
Operations

 

General and
Administrative
and Other

 

Consolidated
Total

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Year Ended December 31, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues from external
customers

 

 

$

179,331

 

 

 

$

132,101

 

 

 

$

13,585

 

 

 

$

24,543

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

349,560

 

 

Intercompany real estate charges

 

 

 

 

 

20,535

 

 

 

388

 

 

 

 

 

 

(20,923

)

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

 

 

 

6,268

 

 

 

379

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,403

 

 

 

20,050

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

 

 

 

21,361

 

 

 

514

 

 

 

7,709

 

 

 

 

 

 

29,584

 

 

Impairment and closure charges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

43

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

43

 

 

Income tax expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

28,297

 

 

 

28,297

 

 

Income (loss) before income
taxes

 

 

96,252

 

 

 

34,197

 

 

 

(2,016

)

 

 

12,662

 

 

 

(68,245

)

 

 

72,850

 

 

Total assets

 

 

35,608

 

 

 

255,545

 

 

 

8,701

 

 

 

198,651

 

 

 

270,365

 

 

 

768,870

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues from external
customers

 

 

$

167,384

 

 

 

$

131,626

 

 

 

$

13,964

 

 

 

$

35,049

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

348,023

 

 

Intercompany real estate charges

 

 

 

 

 

20,462

 

 

 

259

 

 

 

 

 

 

(20,721

)

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

 

 

 

6,503

 

 

 

246

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,117

 

 

 

19,866

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

 

 

 

21,513

 

 

 

368

 

 

 

8,261

 

 

 

 

 

 

30,142

 

 

Impairment and closure charges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

896

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

896

 

 

Income tax expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

26,929

 

 

 

26,929

 

 

Income (loss) before income
taxes

 

 

88,616

 

 

 

33,235

 

 

 

(1,131

)

 

 

14,713

 

 

 

(64,567

)

 

 

70,866

 

 

Total assets

 

 

28,657

 

 

 

252,287

 

 

 

7,065

 

 

 

215,105

 

 

 

267,966

 

 

 

771,080

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues from external
customers

 

 

$

157,584

 

 

 

$

131,763

 

 

 

$

31,564

 

 

 

$

38,091

 

 

 

$

 

 

 

$

359,002

 

 

Intercompany real estate charges

 

 

 

 

 

20,198

 

 

 

471

 

 

 

 

 

 

(20,669

)

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

 

 

 

5,629

 

 

 

1,203

 

 

 

 

 

 

11,904

 

 

 

18,736

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

 

 

 

18,914

 

 

 

781

 

 

 

8,175

 

 

 

 

 

 

27,870

 

 

Impairment and closure charges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,112

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,112

 

 

Income tax expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,746

 

 

 

20,746

 

 

Incomes (loss) before income
taxes

 

 

80,182

 

 

 

36,371

 

 

 

(3,137

)

 

 

17,417

 

 

 

(76,666

)

 

 

54,167

 

 

Total assets

 

 

27,576

 

 

 

252,230

 

 

 

2,360

 

 

 

231,335

 

 

 

308,176

 

 

 

821,677

 

 

 

65




IHOP Corp. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

14.   Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

 

 

Revenues

 

Operating
Margin

 

Net Income

 

Net Income
Per Share—
Basic(a)

 

Net Income
Per Share—
Diluted(a)

 

 

 

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1st Quarter

 

$

88,517

 

 

$

36,575

 

 

 

$

12,594

 

 

 

$

0.68

 

 

 

$

0.68

 

 

2nd Quarter

 

85,074

 

 

33,381

 

 

 

10,306

 

 

 

0.57

 

 

 

0.56

 

 

3rd Quarter

 

88,037

 

 

36,000

 

 

 

11,323

 

 

 

0.63

 

 

 

0.62

 

 

4th Quarter

 

87,932

 

 

35,139

 

 

 

10,330

 

 

 

0.58

 

 

 

0.57

 

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1st Quarter

 

$

85,823

 

 

$

33,518

 

 

 

$

10,075

 

 

 

$

0.50

 

 

 

$

0.50

 

 

2nd Quarter

 

82,908

 

 

33,808

 

 

 

11,929

 

 

 

0.60

 

 

 

0.60

 

 

3rd Quarter

 

91,302

 

 

34,858

 

 

 

11,972

 

 

 

0.62

 

 

 

0.62

 

 

4th Quarter

 

87,990

 

 

33,249

 

 

 

9,961

 

 

 

0.53

 

 

 

0.53

 

 


(a)           The quarterly amounts may not add to the full year amount due to rounding.

66




Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Driectors and
Stockholders of IHOP Corp.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for Share-Based Payments in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004) on January 2, 2006.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of IHOP Corp’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 27, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Los Angeles, California

February 27, 2007

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries

We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, management’s assessment that IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of IHOP Corp. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 and our report dated February 27, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Los Angeles, California

February 27, 2007

 

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Item 9.                        Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A.                Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such terms are defined under rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this assessment, our management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end period covered by this annual report.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2006.

Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included elsewhere herein.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our fourth fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B.               Other Information.

None.

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PART III

Item 10.                 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

Information appearing under the captions “Information Concerning Nominees and Members of the Board of Directors,” “Executive Officers of the Company” and “Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act” contained in the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

The information regarding the Registrant’s audit committee financial experts set forth in the sections entitled “Board Committees and their Functions” and “Report of the Audit Committee” contained in the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

In 2004, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company adopted a Code of Ethics for Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers, including the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer and controller. A copy of the Code of Ethics is available on the Company’s web site at www.ihop.com. The Company intends to post on its web site any amendments to, or waivers of, this Code of Ethics within two days of any such amendment or waiver.

In accordance with the requirements of Section 303A.12(a) of the NYSE’s listed company standards, on June 23, 2006, Julia A. Stewart, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, certified to the NYSE that she was unaware of any violation of the NYSE’s corporate governance listing standards. In addition, our CEO and CFO certify the accuracy of the financial statements contained in our periodic reports, and so certified in this Form 10-K through the filing of Section 302 certifications as exhibits to this Form 10-K.

Item 11.                 Executive Compensation.

Information appearing under the captions “Executive Compensation—Summary of Compensation,” “Executive Compensation—Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights,” “Executive Officers of the Company—Employment Agreements,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks—Insider Participation” and “Compensation Committee Report” contained in the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12.                 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

Information appearing under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans” contained in the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13.                 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

Information appearing under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence” contained in the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14.                 Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

Information appearing under the caption “Independent Auditor Fees” contained in the 2007 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

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PART IV

Item 15.                 Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a)(1)   Consolidated Financial Statements

The following documents are contained in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005.

Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

(a)(2)   Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(a)(3)   Exhibits

Exhibits that are not filed herewith have been previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are incorporated herein by reference. Management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements are marked with an asterisk.

3.1

 

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of IHOP Corp. (Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

3.2

 

Bylaws of IHOP Corp. (Exhibit 3.2 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

3.3

 

Amendment to the bylaws of IHOP Corp. dated November 14, 2000 (Exhibit 3.3 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2001 is incorporated herein by reference).

4.1

 

Senior Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 19, 1992, among IHOP Corp., International House of Pancakes, Inc. (“IHOP, Inc.”) and Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York and other purchasers (Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

4.2

 

Senior Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 1, 1996, among IHOP, Inc., IHOP Corp. and Jackson National Life Insurance Company and other purchasers (Exhibit 4.2 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

4.3

 

First Amendment to Senior Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 28, 2002, among IHOP Inc., IHOP Corp., and Jackson National Life Insurance Company and other purchasers (Exhibit 4.3 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

4.4

 

Revolving line of credit note among International House of Pancakes, Inc., a Delaware Corporation and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated as of June 28, 2001 (Exhibit 4.4 to Registrant’s 2001 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

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4.5

 

First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2002, among International House of Pancakes, Inc., a Delaware Corporation and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Exhibit 4.7 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2002 is incorporated herein by reference).

4.6

 

Loan Agreement dated as of April 27, 2001, among IHOP Properties, Inc., International House of Pancakes, Inc., IHOP Corp., IHOP Realty Corp., and Bank of America, N.A. (Exhibit 4.5 to Registrant’s 2001 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

4.7

 

First Addendum to loan agreement, dated as of March 13, 2002, among IHOP Properties, Inc., International House of Pancakes, Inc., IHOP Corp., IHOP Realty Corp., and Bank of America, N.A. (Exhibit 4.6 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2003 is incorporated herein by reference).

4.8

 

Second Addendum to loan agreement, dated as of October 28, 2002, among IHOP Properties, Inc., International House of Pancakes, Inc., IHOP Corp., IHOP Realty Corp., and Bank of America, N.A. (Exhibit 4.8 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

4.9

 

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 28, 2002, among IHOP Corp., International House of Pancakes, Inc. and AIG Annuity Insurance Company and other purchasers (Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2002 is incorporated herein by reference).

4.10

 

Amended and restated Intercreditor Agreement, dated as of October 28, 2002, among Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., MONY Life Insurance Company and other noteholders (Exhibit 4.10 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

4.11

 

Third Addendum to loan agreement, dated as of March 8, 2004, among IHOP Properties, Inc., International House of Pancakes, Inc., IHOP Corp., IHOP Realty Corp., and Bank of America, N.A. (Exhibit 4.11 to Registrant’s 2003 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

4.12

 

Second Amendment to Senior Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2005, among IHOP Corp., and Jackson National Life Insurance Company and other purchasers (Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference).

4.13

 

First Amendment and Waiver to Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2005, among IHOP Corp., International House of Pancakes, Inc. and AIG Annuity Insurance Company and other purchasers (Exhibit 4.2 to Registrant’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference).

4.14

 

Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2005, by and between International House of Pancakes, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant’s Form 8-K for May 31, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference).

4.15

 

Form of revolving line of credit note, dated as of May 31, 2005, by and between International House of Pancakes, Inc. in favor of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Form 8-K for May 31, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference).

4.16

 

Fourth Addendum to loan agreement, dated as of February 10, 2006, among IHOP Properties, Inc., International House of Pancakes, Inc., IHOP Corp., IHOP Realty Corp., and Bank of America, N.A. (Exhibit 4.16 to Registrant’s 2005 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

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4.17

 

Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of September 29, 2006, by and between International House of Pancakes, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Form 8-K for September 29, 2006, is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.1

 

Employment Agreement between IHOP Corp. and Mark D. Weisberger (Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.2

 

Employment Agreement between IHOP Corp. and Richard C. Celio (Exhibit 10.4 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.3

 

Employment Agreement between IHOP Corp. and Tom Conforti dated March 25, 2003 (Exhibit 10.5 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.4

 

Employment Agreement between IHOP Corp. and Julia A. Stewart (Exhibit 10.10 to Registrant’s 2001 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.5

 

Employment Agreement between IHOP Corp. and Dennis R. Farrow (Registrant’s Form 8-K dated July 10, 2006 is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.6

 

Area Franchise Agreement, effective as of May 5, 1988, by and between IHOP, Inc. and FMS Management Systems, Inc. (Exhibit 10.8 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.7

 

International House of Pancakes Employee Stock Ownership Plan as Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2001 (Exhibit 10.12 to Registrant’s 2001 Form 10- K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.8

 

Third Amendment to the International House of Pancakes Employee Stock Ownership Plan, dated as of December 30, 2002 (Exhibit 10.10 to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.9

 

IHOP Corp. 1994 Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors as Amended and Restated February 23, 1999 (Annex “A” to Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on Tuesday, May 11, 1999 is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.10

 

IHOP Corp. 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2001 Plan”) (Appendix “B” to Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 15, 2001 is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.11

 

International House of Pancakes 401(k) Plan (Exhibit 10.15 to Registrant’s 2001 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.12

 

IHOP Corp. Executive Incentive Plan effective January 1, 2005 (Exhibit 10.12 to Registrant’s 2004 Form 10-K in incorporated herein by reference).

*10.13

 

IHOP Corp. 2001 Stock Incentive Plan Non-qualified Stock Option Agreement (Exhibit 10.15 to Registrant’s 2003 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.14

 

IHOP Corp. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “2005 Plan”) (Appendix “A” to Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 24, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference).

*10.15

 

IHOP Corp. 2001 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended and Restated March 1, 2004 (Appendix “B” to Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on Tuesday, May 24, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference).

11.0

 

Statement Regarding Computation of Per Share Earnings.

14.0

 

IHOP Corp. Code of Ethics for Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers (Exhibit 14.0 to Registrant’s 2004 Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference).

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21.1

 

Subsidiaries of IHOP Corp.

23.1

 

Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.

31.1

 

Certification of CEO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

31.2

 

Certification of CFO pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

32.1

 

Certification of CEO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2

 

Certification of CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

74




SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 1st day of March, 2007.

IHOP CORP.

 

By:

/s/ JULIA A. STEWART

 

 

Julia A. Stewart

 

 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant, and in the capacities indicated, on this 1st day of March 2007.

Name

 

 

 

Title

 

/s/ JULIA A. STEWART

 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Julia A. Stewart

 

 

/s/ THOMAS CONFORTI

 

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

Thomas Conforti

 

 

/s/ A. ALLEN ARROYO

 

Controller and Assistant Treasurer (Principal

A. Allen Arroyo

 

Accounting Officer)

/s/ LARRY ALAN KAY

 

Director

Larry Alan Kay

 

 

/s/ H. FREDERICK CHRISTIE

 

Director

H. Frederick Christie

 

 

/s/ RICHARD J. DAHL

 

Director

Richard J. Dahl

 

 

/s/ FRANK EDELSTEIN

 

Director

Frank Edelstein

 

 

/s/ MICHAEL S. GORDON

 

Director

Michael S. Gordon

 

 

/s/ CAROLINE W. NAHAS

 

Director

Caroline W. Nahas

 

 

/s/ GILBERT T. RAY

 

Director

Gilbert T. Ray

 

 

/s/ PATRICK W. ROSE

 

Director

Patrick W. Rose

 

 

 

75