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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
 
The Company's effective tax rate was 35.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to 38.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The effective tax rate in 2016 was lower primarily due to application of a lower state tax rate to the deferred tax balances.

 The total gross unrecognized tax benefit as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $4.2 million and $3.9 million, respectively, excluding interest, penalties and related tax benefits. The Company estimates the unrecognized tax benefit may decrease over the upcoming 12 months by an amount up to $1.3 million related to settlements with taxing authorities and the lapse of statutes of limitations. For the remaining liability, due to the uncertainties related to these tax matters, the Company is unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate as to when cash settlement with a taxing authority will occur.

As of June 30, 2016, accrued interest was $5.3 million and accrued penalties were less than $0.1 million, excluding any related income tax benefits. As of December 31, 2015, accrued interest was $4.9 million and accrued penalties were less than $0.1 million, excluding any related income tax benefits. The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as a component of its income tax provision recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

The Company files federal income tax returns and the Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in various state and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to federal, state or non-United States tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2008. In the second quarter of 2013, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued a Revenue Agent’s Report related to its examination of the Company’s U.S federal income tax return for the tax years 2008 to 2010. The Company disagrees with a portion of the proposed assessments and has contested them through the IRS administrative appeals procedures. The Company anticipates the appeals process will conclude during 2016. The Company continues to believe that adequate reserves have been provided relating to all matters contained in the tax periods open to examination.