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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2013
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

11. Income Taxes

The Company is under continuous examination by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and tax authorities in other countries and states in which the Company has significant business operations. The tax years under examination and open for examination vary by jurisdiction. The IRS has completed its field examination of the Company's federal tax returns for years through 2007; however, refund claims for certain years continue to be reviewed by the IRS. In addition, the Company is currently under examination by the IRS for the years 2008 through 2011.

 

The Company believes it is reasonably possible that its unrecognized tax benefits could decrease within the next 12 months by as much as $629 million principally as a result of potential resolutions of prior years' tax items with various taxing authorities. The prior years' tax items include unrecognized tax benefits relating to the deductibility of certain expenses or losses and the attribution of taxable income to a particular jurisdiction or jurisdictions. Of the $629 million of unrecognized tax benefits, approximately $517 million relates to amounts that if recognized would be recorded to shareholders' equity and would not impact the effective tax rate. With respect to the remaining $112 million, it is not possible to quantify the impact that the decrease could have on the effective tax rate and net income due to the inherent complexities and the number of tax years open for examination in multiple jurisdictions. Resolution of the prior years' items that comprise this remaining amount could have an impact on the effective tax rate and on net income, either favorably (principally as a result of settlements that are less than the liability for unrecognized tax benefits) or unfavorably (if such settlements exceed the liability for unrecognized tax benefits).

 

The effective tax rate was 29.6 percent and 31.2 percent for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, respectively, and 28.7 percent and 28.9 percent for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, respectively. The tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 reflects the resolution of certain prior years' tax items, while the tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 reflects the realization of certain foreign tax credits.

 

The tax rates for all periods reflect the level of pretax income in relation to a generally consistent level of recurring permanent tax benefits and geographic mix of business.