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Description of Business and Presentation of Financial Statements (Policy)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable: Our accounts receivable consist of amounts due from customers that are primarily companies in the petroleum industry. Credit is extended based on our evaluation of the customer’s financial condition, and in certain circumstances collateral, such as letters of credit or guarantees, is required. We reserve for doubtful accounts based on our historical loss experience as well as specific accounts identified as high risk, which historically have been minimal. Credit losses are charged to the allowance for doubtful accounts when an account is deemed uncollectible. Our allowance for doubtful accounts was $4.0 million and $2.3 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Inventories

Inventories: Inventories related to our refining operations are stated at the lower of cost, using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method for crude oil and unfinished and finished refined products, or market. In periods of rapidly declining prices, LIFO inventories may have to be written down to market value due to the higher costs assigned to LIFO layers in prior periods. In addition, the use of the LIFO inventory method may result in increases or decreases to cost of sales in years that inventory volumes decline as the result of charging cost of sales with LIFO inventory costs generated in prior periods. An actual valuation of inventory under the LIFO method is made at the end of each year based on the inventory levels at that time. Accordingly, interim LIFO calculations are based on management’s estimates of expected year-end inventory levels and are subject to the final year-end LIFO inventory valuation.

Inventories consisting of process chemicals, materials and maintenance supplies and renewable identification numbers (“RINs”) are stated at the lower of weighted-average cost or net realizable value.

Inventories of our PCLI operations are stated at the lower of cost, using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method, or net realizable value.
Goodwill and Long-lived Assets
Goodwill and Long-lived Assets: As of September 30, 2017, our goodwill balance was $2.2 billion, with goodwill assigned to our Refining, PCLI and HEP segments of $1.7 billion, $0.2 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively. During 2017, we recognized $185.2 million in goodwill as a result of our PCLI acquisition, all of which has been assigned to our PCLI segment. See Note 16 for additional information on our segments. Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not subject to amortization and is tested annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Our goodwill impairment testing first entails a comparison of our reporting unit fair values relative to their respective carrying values. If carrying value exceeds fair value for a reporting unit, we measure goodwill impairment as the excess of the carrying amount of reporting unit goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill based on estimates of the fair value of all assets and liabilities in the reporting unit. As of September 30, 2017, we have a cumulative goodwill impairment of $309.3 million, all of which relates to goodwill assigned to our Cheyenne Refinery reporting unit that was fully impaired in the second quarter of 2016.

Additionally, the carrying amount of our goodwill may fluctuate from period to period due to the effects of foreign currency translation adjustments on goodwill assigned to our PCLI segment.

We performed our annual goodwill impairment testing as of July 1, 2017 and determined the fair value of our El Dorado reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by approximately 10%. A reasonable expectation exists that further deterioration in gross margins could result in an impairment of goodwill and the long-lived assets of the El Dorado reporting unit at some point in the future and such impairment charges could be material. Additionally, testing indicated no impairment of goodwill attributable to our HEP or PCLI reporting units.

Our long-lived assets principally consist of our refining assets that are organized as refining asset groups and our PCLI business. The refinery asset groups also constitute our individual refinery reporting units that are used for testing and measuring goodwill impairments. Our long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment by identifying whether indicators of impairment exist and if so, assessing whether the long-lived assets are recoverable from estimated future undiscounted cash flows. The actual amount of impairment loss measured, if any, is equal to the amount by which the asset group’s carrying value exceeds its fair value. As a result of our impairment testing in the second quarter of 2016, we determined that the carrying value of the long-lived assets of the Cheyenne Refinery had been impaired and recorded long-lived asset impairment charges of $344.8 million.

During the second quarter of 2017, we incurred long-lived asset impairment charges totaling $23.2 million, including $19.2 million of construction-in-progress consisting primarily of engineering work for a planned expansion of our Woods Cross refinery to add lubricants production capabilities. During the second quarter of 2017, we concluded to no longer pursue this expansion for various reasons including our recent acquisition of PCLI. The remaining $4.0 million in charges relate to property, plant and equipment that we expensed in the form of accelerated depreciation in the income statement.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition: Refined product sales and related cost of sales are recognized when products are shipped and title has passed to customers. HEP recognizes pipeline transportation revenues as products are shipped through its pipelines. All revenues are reported inclusive of shipping and handling costs billed and exclusive of any taxes billed to customers. Shipping and handling costs incurred are reported in cost of products sold.
For PCLI subsidiaries in Canada and in the U.S., a portion of sales are made to marketers and distributors under agreements which provide certain rights of return or provisions for PCLI to repurchase product in order to sell directly to end customers. Based on the terms of these agreements, PCLI defers revenues and cost of revenues on sales to Canadian marketers until the related products have been sold to end customers, and PCLI recognizes revenues for sales to its U.S. distributors when products are shipped to the distributors, net of allowances for returns related to inventories PCLI is expected to repurchase from the distributors to sell directly to end customers.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign Currency Translation: The functional currency of our PCLI operations consists of the respective local currency of its foreign operations, which includes the Canadian dollar, the euro and Chinese renminbi. Balance sheet accounts are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect as of the balance sheet date. Revenue and expense accounts are translated using the weighted-average exchange rates during the period presented. Foreign currency translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.

In connection with our PCLI acquisition on February 1, 2017, we issued intercompany notes to initially fund certain of PCLI’s foreign businesses. Remeasurement adjustments resulting from the conversion of such intercompany financing from local currencies to the U.S. dollar are recorded as gains and losses as a component of other income (expense) in the income statement. Such adjustments are not recorded to the PCLI segment operations, but to corporate and other. See Note 16 for additional information on our segments.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes: Provisions for income taxes include deferred taxes resulting from temporary differences in income for financial and tax purposes, using the liability method of accounting for income taxes. The liability method requires the effect of tax rate changes on deferred income taxes to be reflected in the period in which the rate change was enacted. The liability method also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance unless it is more likely than not that the assets will be realized.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recorded an income tax expense of $173.6 million compared to $6.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. This increase was due principally to pre-tax income during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to a pre-tax loss in the same period of 2016. Our effective tax rates, before consideration of earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, were 34.9% and 2.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Potential interest and penalties related to income tax matters are recognized in income tax expense. We believe we have appropriate support for the income tax positions taken and to be taken on our income tax returns and that our accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open years based on an assessment of many factors, including past experience and interpretations of tax law applied to the facts of each matter.
Inventory Repurchase Obligations
Inventory Repurchase Obligations: We periodically enter into same-party sell / buy transactions, whereby we sell certain refined product inventory and subsequently repurchase the inventory in order to facilitate delivery to certain locations. Such sell / buy transactions are accounted for as inventory repurchase obligations under which proceeds received under the initial sell is recognized as an inventory repurchase obligation that is subsequently reversed when the inventory is repurchased. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, we received proceeds of $36.7 million and $43.9 million, respectively, and repaid $37.9 million and $44.9 million, respectively, under these sell / buy transactions.
New Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements

Hedge Accounting
In August 2017, Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,” was issued amending hedge accounting recognition and presentation requirements, including elimination of the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness, and eases certain documentation and assessment requirements. This standard has an effective date of January 1, 2019. We do not expect adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Post-retirement Benefit Cost
In March 2017, ASU 2017-07, “Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost,” was issued amending current GAAP related to the income statement presentation of the components of net periodic post-retirement cost (credit). This standard has an effective date of January 1, 2018. We do not expect adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Share-Based Compensation
In March 2016, ASU 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” was issued which simplifies the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2017 on a prospective basis with the excess tax expense from stock-based compensation recognized as a discrete item in our provision for income taxes. We had no such excess tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The new standard also requires that employee taxes paid when an employer withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes be reported as financing activities in the statement of cash flows on a retrospective basis. Previously, this activity was included in operating activities. The impact of this change for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Finally, consistent with our existing policy, we have elected to account for forfeitures on an estimated basis.

Leases
In February 2016, ASU 2016-02, “Leases,” was issued requiring leases to be measured and recognized as a lease liability, with a corresponding right-of-use asset on the balance sheet. This standard has an effective date of January 1, 2019, and we are evaluating the impact of this standard.

Inventories Measurement
In July 2015, ASU 2015-11, “Inventory - Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory,” was issued requiring measurement of inventories, other than inventories accounted for using the LIFO method, to be measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is defined as the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonable, predictable cost of completion, disposal and transportation. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2017 for our affected inventories, which is primarily our PCLI inventory valued on a FIFO basis, and it had no material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Revenue Recognition
In May 2014, ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” was issued requiring revenue to be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the expected consideration for these goods or services. This standard has an effective date of January 1, 2018, and we anticipate using the modified retrospective implementation method, whereby a cumulative effect adjustment is recorded to retained earnings as of the date of initial application. In preparing for adoption, we have evaluated the terms conditions and performance obligations under our existing contracts with customers. Furthermore, we have implemented policies to ensure compliance with this new standard, which we do not expect to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.