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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Income Taxes (Thousands of Dollars) [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

(7) Income Taxes

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States and various state and international jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is regularly audited by U.S. federal, state and local, and international tax authorities in various tax jurisdictions.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”).  The Tax Act made broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code which impacted 2017 including, but not limited to, reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate and requiring a one-time tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries.

On December 22, 2017, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) established a one-year measurement period to complete the accounting for the ASC 740 income tax effects of the Tax Act.  An entity recognizes the impact of those amounts for which the accounting is complete.  For matters that have not been completed, provisional amounts are recorded to the extent they can be reasonably estimated.  For amounts for which a reasonable estimate cannot be determined, no adjustment is made until such estimate can be completed. 

As a result, the Company recorded a one-time tax expense of $47,800 in the first quarter of 2018 which reversed certain discrete benefits recorded in 2017 as well as increased our provisional deemed repatriation tax liability. In the third quarter, the estimate was further revised based on additional guidance and a one-time tax benefit of $17,336 was recorded.

Prior to the enactment of the Tax Act, the Company previously considered the earnings in non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested and, accordingly, recorded no deferred income taxes. The Tax Act eliminates the deferral of U.S. income tax on these foreign earnings by imposing a one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax and as a result, the Company now intends to repatriate substantially all of the accumulated foreign earnings. The Company still has significant cash needs outside the United States and we are currently analyzing our global working capital and cash requirements. However, tax reform gives the Company flexibility to manage cash globally. In 2017, the Company recorded $1,657 of non-US local country withholding taxes as part of the provisional repatriation tax amount, which will be incurred due to certain future cash distributions. In the third quarter, the Company recorded an additional $2,412 of net tax that reflects the state and local impact of proposed dividends from non-US subsidiaries to the parent Company. The Company will continue to record these additional tax effects, if any, in the period that the on-going distribution analysis is completed and is able to make reasonable estimates.

The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for years before 2013. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. state or local and non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities in its major jurisdictions for years before 2012. The Company is currently under income tax examination in several U.S. state and local and non-U.S. jurisdictions.