Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

The following table reflects the changes in carrying amounts of goodwill by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2020:



(In thousands)	Harsco Environmental Segment			Harsco Clean Earth Segment			Harsco Rail Segment		Consolidated Totals
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	395,113		$	330,230		$	13,026	$	738,369
Changes to goodwill (a)	1,785			(129		)	—		1,656
Foreign currency translation	(12,143		)	—			—		(12,143		)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	384,755		$	330,101		$	13,026	$	727,882

(a) The changes to goodwill relate to immaterial acquisitions in the Harsco Environmental Segment.

The Company tests for goodwill impairment annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist, or if a decision is made to dispose of a business. The Company performs the annual goodwill impairment test as of October 1 and monitors for triggering events on an ongoing basis. The Company determined that, as of March 31, 2020, no interim goodwill impairment testing was necessary.

The Company has concluded that no triggering event occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2020. However, a prolonged economic downturn resulting from the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic could impact the Company's future projected cash flows used to estimate fair value, and/or result in a sustained decrease in the Company’s share price, which could indicate an impairment.

Intangible assets, net on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of the following:



	March 31, 2020				December 31, 2019
(In thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer related	$	143,092	$	99,280	$	143,996	$	99,327
Permits	170,448		7,045		170,322		4,694
Technology related	36,739		6,142		36,467		5,635
Trade names	31,558		2,801		31,719		2,182
Air rights	26,139		549		26,139		411
Patents	192		132		249		168
Other	3,677		1,176		3,765		1,158
Total	$	411,845	$	117,125	$	412,657	$	113,575

Amortization expense for intangible assets was as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31
(In thousands)	2020		2019
Amortization expense for intangible assets	$	5,918	$	1,939

The estimated amortization expense for the next five fiscal years based on current intangible assets is as follows:



(In thousands)	2020		2021		2022		2023		2024
Estimated amortization expense (b)	$	24,300	$	23,100	$	22,400	$	22,400	$	22,400

(b)

These estimated amortization expense amounts do not reflect the potential effect of future foreign currency exchange fluctuations.