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Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Principles of Consolidation


Gray’s consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries and a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which we are the primary beneficiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Variable Interest Entity


In October 2013, we entered into a series of transactions with the News-Press Gazette Company and Excalibur Broadcasting, LLC (collectively with its subsidiaries, “Excalibur”), pursuant to which we acquired the non-license assets for $9.0 million, and Excalibur acquired the license assets for $3.0 million, of KJCT-TV and associated low power stations (collectively, “KJCT-TV”), in the Grand Junction, Colorado market. In connection therewith, we entered into a shared services agreement, pursuant to which we provide certain services, including back-office, engineering and sales support, and a lease agreement, pursuant to which we provide studio and office space, to Excalibur. We have also entered into a put and call option agreement with Excalibur, pursuant to which we have the right to purchase, and Excalibur has the right to require us to purchase, the license assets of KJCT-TV, upon receipt of Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) approval (the “Excalibur Option”). In


connection with the consummation of Excalibur’s acquisition of KJCT-TV’s license assets, Excalibur incurred approximately $3.0 million of debt which Gray has guaranteed. The assets of Excalibur can only be used to settle the obligations of Excalibur. In compliance with FCC regulations, Excalibur maintains complete responsibility for and control over programming, finances, personnel and operations of KJCT-TV. See Note 2 “Acquisitions” and Note 3 “Long-Term Debt” for more information.


We consolidate a VIE when we are determined to be the primary beneficiary. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), in determining whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE for financial reporting purposes, we consider whether we have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and whether we have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns that would be significant to the VIE. Based on the terms of our agreements with, the significance of our investment in, and our guarantee of the debt of, Excalibur, we have determined that Excalibur is a VIE of Gray. We believe we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE because, subject to the ultimate control of the licensees, we have the power to direct the activities which significantly impact the economic performance of Excalibur through the services we provide, and our obligation to absorb losses and earn returns that would be considered significant to Excalibur. Included in our consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 is net revenue of $0.4 million attributable to Excalibur.


The carrying amounts and classification of the assets and liabilities of Excalibur mentioned above have been included in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2013 as follows (in thousands):


   

December 31,

2013

 

Assets:

       

Current assets:

       

Cash

  $ 473  

Accounts receivable

    524  

Current portion of program broadcast rights, net

    42  

Prepaid and other current assets

    7  

Total current assets

    1,046  
         

Property and equipment, net

    883  

Deferred loan costs, net

    174  

Broadcast licenses

    4,161  

Other intangible assets, net

    575  

Total assets

  $ 6,839  
         

Liabilities:

       

Current liabilities:

       

Accounts payable

  $ 14  

Employee compensation and benefits

    8  

Accrued interest

    2  

Other accrued expenses

    13  

Accrued expenses due to Gray

    651  

Current portion of program broadcast obligations

    45  

Current portion of long-term debt

    200  

Total current liabilities

    933  
         

Long-term debt, less current portion

    2,800  

Other long-term liabilities

    3,106  

Total liabilities

  $ 6,839  

The assets of Excalibur can only be used to settle the obligations of Excalibur and may not be sold, or otherwise disposed of, except for assets sold or replaced with others of like kind or value. Other long-term liabilities of $3.1 million representing the fair value of the Excalibur Option and accrued expenses due to Gray of $0.7 million as of December 31, 2013 were eliminated in our consolidated financial statements. The Excalibur Option would allow Gray to acquire the license assets of KJCT-TV for an exercise price that was less than the carrying value of such assets as of December 31, 2013.

Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Investment in Broadcasting Company


We have an investment in Sarkes Tarzian, Inc. (“Tarzian”) whose principal business is the ownership and operation of two television stations. As of June 30, 2013, the most recent period for which we have Tarzian’s financial statements, our investment represented 32.4% of the total outstanding common stock of Tarzian (both in terms of the number of shares of common stock outstanding and in terms of voting rights), but such investment represented 67.9% of the equity of Tarzian for purposes of dividends, if paid, as well as distributions in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or other sale of


Tarzian. This investment is accounted for under the cost method of accounting and reflected as a non-current asset on our balance sheet. We have no commitment to fund the operations of Tarzian nor do we have any representation on Tarzian’s board of directors or any other influence over Tarzian’s management. We believe the cost method is appropriate to account for this investment given the existence of a single voting stockholder and our lack of management influence

Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition


Broadcast advertising revenue is generated primarily from the sale of television advertising time to local, national and political advertisers. Internet advertising revenue is generated from the sale of advertisements associated with our stations’ websites. Our aggregate internet revenue is derived from two sources. The first is advertising or sponsorship opportunities directly on our websites, referred to as “direct internet revenue.” The other source is television advertising time purchased by our clients to directly promote their involvement in our websites, referred to as “internet-related commercial time sales.”Advertising revenue is billed to the customer and recognized when the advertisement is broadcast or appears on our stations’ websites. Retransmission consent revenue consists of payments to us from cable, satellite and other multiple video program distribution systems for their retransmission of our broadcast signals. Retransmission consent revenue is recognized as earned over the life of the retransmission consent contract. Other revenue consists primarily of revenue earned from the production of programming and payments from tower space rent. Revenue from the production of programming is recognized as the programming is produced. Tower rent is recognized over the life of the rental agreements. Consulting revenue, if any, is generated from consulting services provided and typically includes a base and an incentive component. Revenue from the base component is fixed and is recognized on a straight line basis over the term of the consulting agreement. Revenue from the incentive component, if any, is variable and is typically determined by performance. Revenue from the incentive component of a consulting agreement is recognized when the amount earned becomes estimable and payment is probable.


Cash received which has not yet been recognized as revenue is presented as deferred revenue. Revenue which has been earned but not yet received is recognized as revenue and presented as a receivable.

Advertising Barter Transactions, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Barter Transactions


We account for trade barter transactions involving the exchange of tangible goods or services with our customers as revenue. The revenue is recorded at the time the advertisement is broadcast and the expense is recorded at the time the goods or services are used. The revenue and expense associated with these transactions are based on the fair value of the assets or services involved in the transaction. Trade barter revenue and expense recognized for each of the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (amounts in thousands):


   

Year Ended December 31,

 
   

2013

   

2012

   

2011

 

Trade barter revenue

  $ 1,390     $ 1,248     $ 1,529  

Trade barter expense

    (1,262 )     (1,267 )     (1,421 )

Net trade barter income (loss)

  $ 128     $ (19 )   $ 108  

We do not account for barter revenue and related barter expense generated from network or syndicated programming as such amounts are not material. Furthermore, any such barter revenue


recognized would then require the recognition of an equal amount of barter expense. The recognition of these amounts would not have a material effect upon net income.

Advertising Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Advertising Expense


We recorded advertising expense of $0.9 million, $0.9 million and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We expense all advertising expenditures as they are incurred.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Our actual results could differ materially from these estimated amounts. Our most significant estimates are used for our allowance for doubtful accounts in receivables, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, amortization of program rights and intangible assets, pension costs, income taxes, employee medical insurance claims, useful lives of property and equipment and contingencies.

Loans and Leases Receivable, Allowance for Loan Losses Policy [Policy Text Block]

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts


Our allowance for doubtful accounts is equal to at least 85% of our receivable balances that are 120 days old or older. We may provide allowances for certain receivable balances that are less than 120 days old when warranted by specific facts and circumstances. We recorded expenses for this allowance of $0.4 million, $0.1 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We generally write-off accounts receivable balances when the customer files for bankruptcy or when all commonly used methods of collection have been exhausted.

Program Broadcast Rights [Policy Text Block]

Program Broadcast Rights


The total license fee payable under a program license agreement allowing us to broadcast programs is recorded at the beginning of the license period and is charged to operating expense over the period that the programs are broadcast. The portion of the unamortized balance expected to be charged to operating expense in the succeeding year is classified as a current asset, with the remainder classified as a non-current asset. The liability for license fees payable under program license agreements is classified as current or long-term, in accordance with the payment terms of the various license agreements

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment


Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is computed principally by the straight-line method. Maintenance, repairs and minor replacements are charged to operations as incurred; the purchase of new assets, major replacements and betterments are capitalized. The cost of any assets sold or retired and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts at the time of disposition, and any resulting profit or loss is reflected in income or expense for the period.


The following table lists components of property and equipment by major category (dollars in thousands):


   

December 31,

   

Estimated

Useful Lives

 
   

2013

   

2012

   

(in years)

 

Property and equipment:

                         

Land

  $ 25,656     $ 24,383            

Buildings and improvements

    59,021       55,709     7 to 40  

Equipment

    323,603       313,761     3 to 20  
      408,280       393,853            

Accumulated depreciation

    (264,659 )     (258,715 )          

Total property and equipment, net

  $ 143,621     $ 135,138            

 For the year ended December 31, 2013, our total property and equipment balance, excluding accumulated depreciation, increased approximately $10.0 million as a result of acquisitions. The remaining change in the balances between December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 was due to routine purchases of equipment, less retirements.

Deferred Charges, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Deferred Loan Costs


Loan acquisition costs are amortized over the life of the applicable indebtedness using a straight-line method that approximates the effective interest method.

Asset Retirement Obligations, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Asset Retirement Obligations


We own office equipment, broadcasting equipment, leasehold improvements and transmission towers, some of which are located on, or are housed in, leased property or facilities. At the conclusion of several of these leases we are obligated to dismantle, remove and otherwise properly dispose of and remediate the facility or property. We estimate our asset retirement obligations based upon the cash flows of the costs expected to be incurred and the net present value of those estimated amounts. The asset retirement obligation is recognized as a non-current liability and as a component of the cost of the related asset. Changes to our asset retirement obligation resulting from revisions to the timing or the amount of the original undiscounted cash flow estimates are recognized as an increase or decrease to the carrying amount of the asset retirement obligation and the related asset retirement cost capitalized as part of the related property, plant, or equipment. Changes in the asset retirement obligation resulting from accretion of the net present value of the estimated cash flows are recognized as operating expenses. We recognize depreciation expense of the capitalized cost over the estimated life of the lease. Our estimated obligations become due at varying times during the years 2013 through 2059. The liability recognized for our asset retirement obligations was approximately $516,000 and $505,000 as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, we recorded an expense of $17,000, $25,000 and $5,000, respectively, related to our asset retirement obligations.

Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Concentration of Credit Risk


We sell advertising air-time on our broadcasts and advertising space on our websites to national and local advertisers within the geographic areas in which we operate. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition, and generally advance payment is not required except for political advertising. Credit losses are provided for in the financial statements and consistently have been within our expectations that are based upon our prior experience.


For the year ended December 31, 2013, approximately 25%, 10% and 9% of our broadcast advertising revenue was obtained from advertising sales to advertising customers in the automotive, medical and restaurant industries, respectively. We experienced similar industry-based concentrations of revenue in the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. Although our revenues can be affected by changes within these industries, we believe this risk is in part mitigated due to the fact that no one customer accounted for in excess of 5% of our broadcast advertising revenue in any of these periods. Furthermore, we believe that our large geographic operating area partially mitigates the potential effect of regional economic changes.

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Earnings Per Share


We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the relevant period. The weighted-average number of common shares outstanding does not include restricted shares. These shares, although classified as issued and outstanding, are considered contingently returnable until the restrictions lapse and, in accordance with GAAP, are not included in the basic earnings per share calculation until the shares vest. Diluted earnings per share is computed by including all potentially dilutive common shares, including restricted stock and shares underlying stock options, in the diluted weighted-average shares outstanding calculation, unless their inclusion would be antidilutive.


The following table reconciles basic weighted-average shares outstanding to diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands):


   

Year Ended December 31,

 
   

2013

   

2012

   

2011

 

Weighted-average shares outstanding – basic

    57,630       57,170       57,117  

Weighted-average shares underlying stock options and restricted shares

    342       92       1  

Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted

    57,972       57,262       57,118  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Valuation of Broadcast Licenses, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets


From January 1, 1994 through December 31, 2013, we acquired a significant number of television stations. Among the assets acquired in these transactions were broadcast licenses issued by the FCC, goodwill and other intangible assets.


For broadcast licenses acquired prior to January 1, 2002, we recorded their respective values using a residual method (analogous to “goodwill”) where the excess of the purchase price paid in the acquisition over the fair value of all identified tangible and intangible assets acquired was attributed to the broadcast license. This residual basis approach generally produces higher valuations of broadcast licenses when compared to applying an income method as discussed below.


For broadcast licenses acquired after December 31, 2001, we recorded their respective values using an income approach. Under this approach, a broadcast license is valued based on analyzing the estimated after-tax discounted future cash flows of the acquired station, assuming an initial hypothetical start-up operation maturing into an average performing station in a specific television market and giving consideration to other relevant factors such as the technical qualities of the broadcast license and the number of competing broadcast licenses within that market. The income approach generally produces lower valuations of broadcast licenses when compared to applying the residual method. For television stations acquired after December 31, 2001, we allocate the residual value of the station to goodwill. 


When renewing broadcast licenses, we incur regulatory filing fees and legal fees. We expense these fees as they are incurred.


Other intangible assets that we have acquired include network affiliation agreements, retransmission agreements, advertising contracts, client lists, talent contracts and leases. Each of our stations is affiliated with at least one broadcast network. We believe that the value of a television station is derived primarily from the attributes of its broadcast license rather than its network affiliation agreement. As a result, we have allocated only minimal values to our network affiliation agreements. We have classified our other intangible assets as definite-lived intangible assets. The amortization period of our other intangible assets is equal to the shorter of their estimated useful life or contract period. When renewing other intangible asset contracts, we incur legal fees which are expensed as incurred.

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Including Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Annual Impairment Testing of Intangible Assets 


We test for impairment of our intangible assets on an annual basis on the last day of each fiscal year. However, if certain triggering events occur, we will test for impairment during the relevant reporting period.


For purposes of testing goodwill for impairment, each of our individual television stations is considered a separate reporting unit. We review each television station for possible goodwill impairment by comparing the estimated fair value of each respective reporting unit to the recorded value of that reporting unit’s net assets. If the estimated fair value exceeds the recorded net asset value, no goodwill impairment is deemed to exist. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit does not exceed the recorded value of that reporting unit’s net assets, we then perform, on a notional basis, a purchase price allocation by allocating the reporting unit’s fair value to the fair value of all tangible and identifiable intangible assets with residual fair value representing the implied fair value of goodwill of that reporting unit. The recorded value of goodwill for the reporting unit is written down to this implied value.


To estimate the fair value of our reporting units, we utilize a discounted cash flow model supported by a market multiple approach. We believe that a discounted cash flow analysis is the most appropriate methodology to test the recorded value of long-term assets with a demonstrated long-lived / enduring franchise value. We believe the results of the discounted cash flow and market multiple approaches provide reasonable estimates of the fair value of our reporting units because these approaches are based on our actual results and reasonable estimates of future performance, and also take into consideration a number of other factors deemed relevant by us, including but not limited to, expected future market revenue growth, market revenue shares and operating profit margins. We have historically used these approaches in determining the value of our goodwill. We also consider a market multiple approach utilizing market multiples to corroborate our discounted cash flow analysis. We believe that this methodology is consistent with the approach that a strategic market participant would utilize if they were to value one of our television stations.


For testing of our broadcast licenses and other intangible assets for potential impairment of their recorded asset values, we compare their estimated fair value to the respective asset’s recorded value. If the fair value is greater than the asset’s recorded value, no impairment expense is recorded. If the fair value does not exceed the asset’s recorded value, we record an impairment expense equal to the amount that the asset’s recorded value exceeded the asset’s fair value. We use the income method to estimate the fair value of all broadcast licenses irrespective of whether they were initially recorded using the residual or income methods.


For further discussion of our goodwill, broadcast licenses and other intangible assets, see Note 11 “Goodwill and Intangible Assets”.

Market Capitalization, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Market Capitalization


When we test our broadcast licenses and goodwill for impairment, we also consider our market capitalization. As of December 31, 2013, our market capitalization was greater than our book value

Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss


Our accumulated other comprehensive loss balances as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 consist of adjustments to our pension liabilities net of related income tax benefits as follows (in thousands):


   

December 31,

 
   

2013

   

2012

 

Accumulated balances of items included in accumulated other comprehensive loss:

               

Increase in pension liability

  $ (17,064 )   $ (33,065 )

Income tax benefit

    (6,655 )     (12,895 )

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  $ (10,409 )   $ (20,170 )
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Recent Accounting Pronouncements


We have reviewed all recently issued accounting pronouncements. Of those pronouncements that have been issued but are not yet effective, we do not anticipate a material impact upon our financial statements upon our adoption of those pronouncements.


In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists. This ASU clarifies guidance on the financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. We are currently evaluating the expected effects of this ASU; however, we do not anticipate that our adoption of this ASU will result in a material change in our financial statement presentation.


In January 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. ASU No. 2013-01 clarifies that ordinary trade receivables and receivables are not in the scope of ASU No. 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. Specifically, ASU No. 2011-11 applies only to


derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse purchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions that are either offset in accordance with specific criteria contained in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification or subject to a master netting arrangement or similar agreement.


Entities were required to apply the amendments in ASU No. 2013-01 for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. An entity was required to provide the required disclosures retrospectively for all periods presented. The effective date is the same as the effective date of ASU No. 2011-11. Effective January 1, 2013, we implemented this ASU without any impact to our financial statements.

Reclassification, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Reclassifications


Certain reclassifications have been made in the current liability and the long-term liability sections of our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012 in order to conform to the presentation as of December 31, 2013. The reclassifications did not change our total current liabilities or total long-term liabilities as of December 31, 2012.