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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Income Taxes 
Income Taxes

M. Income Taxes – The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2011 and 2010 was 19.6% (provision on income) and 81.7% (benefit on income), respectively.

The rate for the 2011 third quarter differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to foreign income taxed in lower rate jurisdictions and a $15 net discrete income tax benefit for various items, primarily attributable to adjustments made related to the filing of prior year tax returns in various jurisdictions and the reversal of a valuation allowance for capital losses now available to be used against future capital gains.

The rate for the 2010 third quarter differs by 116.7% from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to a $41 discrete income tax benefit for the reversal of a valuation allowance as a result of previously restricted net operating losses of a foreign subsidiary now available, an $8 favorable impact for operational losses in certain foreign jurisdictions that are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate calculation (impact reversed by the end of 2010), and a $19 net discrete tax benefit for various other items.

The effective tax rate for the 2011 and 2010 nine-month periods was 25.3% (provision on income) and 46.0% (provision on income), respectively.

The rate for the 2011 nine-month period differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to foreign income taxed in lower rate jurisdictions.

The rate for the 2010 nine-month period differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to a $79 discrete income tax charge as a result of a change in the tax treatment of federal subsidies received related to prescription drug benefits provided under certain retiree health care benefit plans that were determined to be actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D and a $19 discrete income tax charge based on settlement discussions of several matters with international taxing authorities (this amount represents a decrease to Alcoa's unrecognized tax benefits), partially offset by the $41 discrete income tax benefit mentioned above, a $24 discrete income tax benefit related to a Canadian provincial tax law change permitting a tax return to be filed in U.S. dollars, and a $9 net discrete income tax benefit for various other items.