Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company’s year-to-date tax provision is comprised of the most recent estimated annual effective tax rate applied to year-to-date pre-tax ordinary income. The tax impacts of unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are recorded discretely in the interim period in which they occur. In addition, the tax provision is adjusted for the interim period impact of non-benefited pre-tax losses.

The estimated annual effective tax rate, before discrete items, applied to ordinary income was 21.7% in the first quarter of 2024 and 23.4% in the first quarter of 2023. The 2024 and 2023 rates were higher than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to additional estimated U.S. tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) and other foreign earnings, incremental state tax and foreign taxes on earnings also subject to U.S. federal income tax, foreign earnings subject to tax in higher rate jurisdictions than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, and nondeductible expenses. The 2024 rate was lower than the 2023 rate primarily due to a U.S. tax benefit recognized for foreign tax credits in 2024 and lower net U.S. tax on GILTI and other foreign earnings.

For the first quarter of 2024 and 2023, the tax rate including discrete items was 19.8% and 32.7%, respectively. In the first quarter of 2024, the Company recorded a discrete net tax benefit of $7 attributable to a $6 benefit to release a valuation allowance related to U.S. foreign tax credits and a net tax benefit of $1 for other small items. In the first quarter of 2023, the Company recorded a discrete net tax charge of $21 attributable to a $20 tax reserve established in France (See Note P) and a discrete net tax charge of $1 for other small items.

The tax provision was comprised of the following:

	First quarter ended
	March 31,
	2024		2023
Pre-tax income at estimated annual effective income tax rate before discrete items	$	66	$	51
Interim period treatment of operational losses in foreign jurisdictions for which no tax benefit is recognized	1		—
Tax reserve (P)	—		20
Other discrete items	(7)		1
Provision for income taxes	$	60	$	72