10-Q 1 d10q.htm FORM 10-Q Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

 


FORM 10-Q

 


 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period ended March 31, 2006

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 


Commission file number 1-4629

GOLDEN WEST FINANCIAL CORPORATION

Incorporated Pursuant to the Laws of Delaware State

 


IRS – Employer Identification No. 95-2080059

1901 Harrison Street, Oakland, California 94612

(510) 446-3420

 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer x                    Accelerated filer ¨                    Non-accelerated filer ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes  x    No  ¨

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of April 30, 2006:

Common Stock — 308,587,061 shares.

 



Table of Contents

GOLDEN WEST FINANCIAL CORPORATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page No.

INDEX OF TABLES

   2

Forward Looking Statements

   3

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Item 1. Financial Statements

  

Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition – March 31, 2006 and 2005 and December 31, 2005

   4

Consolidated Statement of Net Earnings – For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

   5

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows – For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

   6

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity – For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005

   8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   9

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   14

Overview

   14

Financial Highlights

   16

Financial Condition

   18

The Loan Portfolio

   18

Investments

   27

Other Assets

   27

Deposits

   28

Borrowings

   29

Management of Risk

   30

Management of Interest Rate Risk

   30

Management of Credit Risk

   35

Management of Other Risks

   46

Results of Operations

   48

Net Interest Income

   48

Noninterest Income

   50

General and Administrative Expenses

   50

Taxes on Income

   50

Liquidity and Capital Management

   50

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

   53

Critical Accounting Policies and Uses of Estimates

   53

New Accounting Pronouncements

   53

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

   54

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

   54

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

  

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   55

Item 5. Other Information

   55

Item 6. Exhibits

   56

 

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Table of Contents

INDEX OF TABLES

 

     Page

Selected Financial Data

  

Financial Highlights (Table 1)

   16

Asset, Liability, and Equity Components as Percentages of the Total Balance Sheet (Table 2)

   18

Selected Financial Results (Table 29)

   48

Loan Portfolio

  

Balance of Loans Receivable and MBS by Component (Table 3)

   19

Loan Originations and Repayments (Table 4)

   19

Equity Lines of Credit and Fixed-Rate Second Mortgages (Table 5)

   20

Net Deferred Loan Costs (Table 6)

   21

Loan Originations by State (Table 7)

   21

Loan Portfolio by State (March 31, 2006) (Table 8)

   22

Loan Portfolio by State (March 31, 2005) (Table 9)

   23

ARM Originations by Index (Table 10)

   24

ARM Portfolio by Index (Table 11)

   25

Mortgage Originations by LTV or CLTV Bands (Table 22)

   38

Mortgage Portfolio Balance by LTV or CLTV Bands (Table 23)

   40

Deferred Interest in the Loan Portfolio by LTV/CLTV Bands and Year of Origination (Table 24)

   42

Management of Credit Risk

  

Nonperforming Assets and Troubled Debt Restructured (Table 25)

   43

Nonperforming Assets by State (March 31, 2006) (Table 26)

   44

Nonperforming Assets by State (March 31, 2005) (Table 27)

   44

Changes in Allowance for Loan Losses (Table 28)

   46

Asset / Liability Management

  

Relationship between Indexes and Short-Term Market Interest Rates and Expected Impact on Primary Spread (Table 16)

   31

Summary of Key Indexes (Table 17)

   32

Yield on Interest-Earning Assets, Cost of Funds, and Primary Spread (Table 18)

   33

Average Primary Spread (Table 19)

   34

Repricing of Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities, Repricing Gaps, and Gap Ratios (Table 20)

   34

Average Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities (Three Months Ended March 31) (Table 30)

   49

Deposits

  

Deposits (Table 15)

   29

Borrowings

  

Maturities and Fair Value of the Interest Rate Swaps and the Related Hedged Senior Debt (Table 21)

   35

Regulatory Capital

  

Regulatory Capital Ratios, Minimum Capital Requirements, and Well-Capitalized Capital Requirements (March 31, 2006) (Table 31)

   52

Regulatory Capital Ratios, Minimum Capital Requirements, and Well-Capitalized Capital Requirements (March 31, 2005) (Table 32)

   52

Other

  

Federal Funds Sold, Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell, and Other Investments (Table 12)

   27

Securities Available for Sale (Table 13)

   27

Capitalized Mortgage Servicing Rights (Table 14)

   28

 

2


Table of Contents

Forward Looking Statements

This report may contain various forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include projections, statements of the plans and objectives of management for future operations, statements of future economic performance, assumptions underlying these statements, and other statements that are not statements of historical facts. Forward-looking statements are subject to significant business, economic and competitive risks, uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond Golden West’s control. Should one or more of these risks, uncertainties or contingencies materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated. Among the key risk factors that may have a direct bearing on Golden West’s results of operations and financial condition are

 

    competitive practices in the financial services industries;

 

    operational and systems risks;

 

    general economic and capital market conditions, including fluctuations in interest rates;

 

    economic conditions in certain geographic areas; and

 

    the impact of current and future laws, governmental regulations and accounting and other rulings and guidelines affecting the financial services industry in general and Golden West’s operations in particular.

In addition, actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in any forward-looking statements.

 

3


Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Golden West Financial Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

    

March 31

2006

   December 31
2005
  

March 31

2005

Assets

        

Cash

   $ 242,496    $ 518,161    $ 311,607

Federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreement to resell, and other investments

     1,579,133      1,321,626      1,674,914

Securities available for sale, at fair value

     359,549      382,499      379,082

Purchased mortgage-backed securities available for sale, at fair value

     10,904      11,781      13,548

Purchased mortgage-backed securities held to maturity, at cost

     291,302      303,703      357,843

Mortgage-backed securities with recourse held to maturity, at cost

     1,104,248      1,168,480      1,440,341

Loans receivable:

        

Loans held for sale

     136,526      83,365      40,988

Loans held for investment less allowance for loan losses

     120,756,630      117,798,600      105,641,104
                    

Total Loans Receivable

     120,893,156      117,881,965      105,682,092

Interest earned but uncollected

     420,400      392,303      298,693

Investment in capital stock of Federal Home Loan Banks

     1,887,906      1,857,580      1,662,312

Foreclosed real estate

     10,408      8,682      10,840

Premises and equipment, net

     409,582      403,084      398,181

Other assets

     347,372      365,299      358,396
                    

Total Assets

   $ 127,556,456    $ 124,615,163    $ 112,587,849
                    

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

        

Deposits

   $ 61,583,224    $ 60,158,319    $ 55,593,265

Advances from Federal Home Loan Banks

     38,508,932      38,961,165      35,511,757

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     5,900,000      5,000,000      4,050,000

Bank notes

     2,976,916      2,393,951      2,485,936

Senior debt

     8,075,302      8,194,266      5,955,989

Taxes on income

     771,388      547,653      730,094

Other liabilities

     697,734      688,844      681,310

Stockholders’ equity

     9,042,960      8,670,965      7,579,498
                    

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

   $ 127,556,456    $ 124,615,163    $ 112,587,849
                    

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Golden West Financial Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Net Earnings

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands except per share figures)

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31

     2006    2005

Interest Income:

     

Interest on loans

   $ 1,954,585    $ 1,311,341

Interest on mortgage-backed securities

     21,390      25,540

Interest and dividends on investments

     43,410      27,413
             
     2,019,385      1,364,294

Interest Expense:

     

Interest on deposits

     512,019      298,318

Interest on advances

     429,456      223,268

Interest on repurchase agreements

     62,384      25,264

Interest on other borrowings

     132,460      60,071
             
     1,136,319      606,921
             

Net Interest Income

     883,066      757,373

Provision for loan losses

     4,293      884
             

Net Interest Income after Provision for Loan Losses

     878,773      756,489

Noninterest Income:

     

Fees

     12,959      11,113

Gain on the sale of securities and loans

     2,183      1,758

Other

     21,442      16,933
             
     36,584      29,804

Noninterest Expense:

     

General and administrative:

     

Personnel

     192,989      151,831

Occupancy

     24,568      22,225

Technology and telecommunications

     23,693      21,422

Deposit insurance

     1,925      1,855

Advertising

     6,513      7,540

Other

     21,599      19,366
             
     271,287      224,239

Earnings before Taxes on Income

     644,070      562,054

Taxes on income

     253,124      213,804
             

Net Earnings

   $ 390,946    $ 348,250
             

Basic Earnings Per Share

   $ 1.27    $ 1.13
             

Diluted Earnings Per Share

   $ 1.25    $ 1.12
             

Dividends declared per common share

   $ .08    $ .06
             

Average common shares outstanding

     308,397,529      306,861,057

Average diluted common shares outstanding

     311,808,276      311,539,734

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Golden West Financial Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31

 
     2006     2005  

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

    

Net earnings

   $ 390,946     $ 348,250  

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Provision for loan losses

     4,293       884  

Amortization of net deferred loan costs

     94,153       59,815  

Depreciation and amortization

     13,935       12,996  

Loans originated for sale

     (83,385 )     (53,319 )

Sales of loans

     195,641       91,114  

Increase in interest earned but uncollected

     (26,571 )     (38,639 )

Increase in deferred interest

     (216,899 )     (35,600 )

Federal Home Loan Bank stock dividends

     (22,528 )     (15,665 )

Decrease (increase) in other assets

     17,927       (30,534 )

Increase (decrease) in other liabilities

     (9,919 )     254,474  

Increase in taxes on income

     233,262       191,128  

Other, net

     5,186       (301 )
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     596,041       784,603  

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

    

New loan activity:

    

New real estate loans originated for investment portfolio

     (11,482,607 )     (11,121,418 )

Real estate loans purchased

     (228 )     (168 )

Other, net

     (345,139 )     (89,095 )
                
     (11,827,974 )     (11,210,681 )

Real estate loan principal repayments

     8,814,455       6,185,494  

Repayments of mortgage-backed securities

     74,786       128,610  

Proceeds from sales of foreclosed real estate

     9,761       11,249  

Increase in federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and other investments

     (257,507 )     (738,561 )

Decrease (increase) in securities available for sale

     (629 )     303  

Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock

     (9,324 )     (95,352 )

Additions to premises and equipment

     (20,780 )     (20,063 )
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (3,217,212 )     (5,739,001 )

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Golden West Financial Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
 
     2006     2005  

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

    

Net increase in deposits

   $ 1,424,905     $ 2,627,954  

Additions to Federal Home Loan Bank advances

     2,558,000       4,350,000  

Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances

     (3,010,233 )     (2,620,139 )

Proceeds from agreements to repurchase securities

     3,400,000       2,000,000  

Repayments of agreements to repurchase securities

     (2,500,000 )     (1,850,000 )

Increase (decrease) in bank notes

     582,965       (223,959 )

Net proceeds from senior debt

     598,200       697,134  

Repayments of senior debt

     (700,000 )     -0-  

Dividends on common stock

     (24,675 )     (18,414 )

Proceeds from the exercise of stock options

     8,580       11,008  

Excess tax benefits from stock option exercises

     7,764       -0-  
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

     2,345,506       4,973,584  
                

Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash

     (275,665 )     19,186  

Cash at beginning of period

     518,161       292,421  
                

Cash at end of period

   $ 242,496     $ 311,607  
                

Supplemental cash flow information:

    

Cash paid for:

    

Interest

   $ 1,123,236     $ 567,877  

Income taxes

     12,904       22,676  

Cash received for interest and dividends

     1,753,387       1,225,309  

Noncash investing activities:

    

Loans receivable and loans underlying mortgage-backed securities converted from adjustable rate to fixed-rate

     183,836       27,635  

Loans transferred to foreclosed real estate

     11,830       10,405  

Loans securitized into mortgage-backed securities with recourse recorded as loans receivable

     4,570,042       1,149,968  

Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity desecuritized into adjustable rate loans and recorded as loans receivable

     -0-       163,416  

Loans transferred to held for investment from loans held for sale

     2,473       2,016  

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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Golden West Financial Corporation

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31, 2006  
     Number of
Shares
   Common
Stock
   Additional
Paid-in
Capital
   Retained
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balance at January 1, 2006

   308,041,776    $ 30,804    $ 338,997    $ 8,077,466     $ 223,698     $ 8,670,965  

Net earnings

        -0-      -0-      390,946       -0-       390,946  

Change in unrealized gains on securities available for sale

        -0-      -0-      -0-       (14,601 )     (14,601 )
                     

Comprehensive income

                  376,345  

Stock-based compensation

        -0-      3,981      -0-       -0-       3,981  

Common stock issued upon exercise of stock options, including tax benefits

   511,585      51      16,293      -0-       -0-       16,344  

Cash dividends on common stock

        -0-      -0-      (24,675 )     -0-       (24,675 )
                                           

Balance at March 31, 2006

   308,553,361    $ 30,855    $ 359,271    $ 8,443,737     $ 209,097     $ 9,042,960  
                                           
     Three Months Ended March 31, 2005  
     Number of
Shares
   Common
Stock
   Additional
Paid-in
Capital
   Retained
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balance at January 1, 2005

   306,524,716    $ 30,652    $ 263,770    $ 6,728,998     $ 251,456     $ 7,274,876  

Net earnings

        -0-      -0-      348,250       -0-       348,250  

Change in unrealized gains on securities available for sale

        -0-      -0-      -0-       (36,222 )     (36,222 )
                     

Comprehensive income

                  312,028  

Common stock issued upon exercise of stock options, including tax benefits

   602,050      61      10,947      -0-       -0-       11,008  

Cash dividends on common stock

        -0-      -0-      (18,414 )     -0-       (18,414 )
                                           

Balance at March 31, 2005

   307,126,766    $ 30,713    $ 274,717    $ 7,058,834     $ 215,234     $ 7,579,498  
                                           

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE A – Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies of Golden West Financial Corporation and subsidiaries (Golden West or Company) are more fully described in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on March 8, 2006 (SEC File No. 1-4629).

Principles of Consolidation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements, including World Savings Bank, FSB (WSB) and World Savings Bank, FSB (Texas) (WTX), for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) that are necessary for a fair statement of the results for such three-month periods have been included. The operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to current year presentation. Specifically, prepayment fees and late charges received on the Company’s loan portfolio were reclassified on the Consolidated Statement of Net Earnings from “Noninterest Income – Fees” to “Interest Income – Interest on loans” and “Interest Income – Interest on mortgage-backed securities.” As a result of these reclassifications, net interest income increased by $53 million and noninterest income decreased by the same amount for the three month period ended March 31, 2005. For the quarter ended March 31, 2006, $84 million of prepayment fees and late charges was included in interest income. These reclassifications had no effect on “Net Earnings.” Prepayment fees and late charges on loans that the Company services for others continue to be reported in “Noninterest Income – Fees.”

New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (SFAS 156). This Statement amends SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities,” with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value, if practicable. It permits an entity to choose either the amortization method or the fair value measurement method for subsequent measurement for each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement will be effective for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006, but early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the two measurement methods. The adoption of this Statement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FASB statement No. 123 (Revised), “Share-Based Payment,” (SFAS 123R) using the modified prospective transition method. Please refer to NOTE C – Stock Options for detail. FASB Staff Position (FSP) SFAS 123R, “Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards” provides a practical transition election related to accounting for the tax effects of share-based payments to employees. The Company elected to adopt the transition method described in the FSP.

 

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NOTE B – Earnings Per Share

The Company calculates Basic Earnings Per Share (EPS) and Diluted EPS in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, “Earnings Per Share” (SFAS 128). The following is a summary of the calculation of basic and diluted EPS:

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

(Dollars in thousands except per share figures)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
     2006    2005

Net earnings

   $ 390,946    $ 348,250
             

Average common shares outstanding

     308,397,529      306,861,057

Dilutive effect of outstanding common stock equivalents

     3,410,747      4,678,677
             

Average diluted common shares outstanding

     311,808,276      311,539,734
             

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.27    $ 1.13

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.25    $ 1.12

NOTE C – Stock Options

The Company’s shareholder-approved 1996 Stock Option Plan authorized the issuance of up to 42 million shares of the Company’s common stock for non-qualified and incentive stock option grants to key employees. The 1996 Stock Option Plan expired on February 1, 2006, after which no further options may be granted under this Plan.

The Company’s shareholder-approved 2005 Stock Incentive Plan was effective on April 27, 2005. The 2005 Stock Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 25 million shares of the Company’s common stock for awards to key employees of non-qualified and incentive stock options, restricted stock, stock units, and stock appreciation rights. At March 31, 2006, all 25 million shares authorized under the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan were available for awards.

The exercise price for all non-qualified and incentive stock options granted under the 1996 Stock Option Plan was set at fair market value as of the date of grant. The outstanding options under the 1996 Stock Option Plan provide for vesting after two to five years, after which time the vested options may be exercised at any time until ten years after the date of grant.

 

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Outstanding options at March 31, 2006, were held by 670 employees and had expiration dates ranging from May 31, 2006 to January 30, 2016. A summary of the transactions follows:

Options Outstanding

(Dollars in thousands except per share figures)

(Unaudited)

 

     Shares    

Weighted
Average
Exercise

Price Per
Share

   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

Outstanding, December 31, 2005

   10,262,688     $ 33.24      

Granted

   2,000       70.90      

Exercised

   (511,585 )     16.77      

Forfeited or expired

   (31,800 )     48.10      
                  

Outstanding, March 31, 2006

   9,721,303     $ 34.06    6.04years    $ 328,929
                  

Vested, March 31, 2006

   4,840,003     $ 17.35    3.93years    $ 244,676
                  

Nonvested, March 31, 2006

   4,881,300     $ 50.64      
                  

Vested or expected to vest, March 31, 2006 (a)

   9,602,771     $ 33.75    6.01years    $ 327,935
                  

 

(a) The difference between options outstanding at March 31, 2006 and vested or expected to vest at March 31, 2006 is the expected forfeitures.

All vested options are exercisable. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $26.9 million.

The following table summarizes the status of the Company’s nonvested options as of March 31, 2006:

Nonvested Options

(Unaudited)

 

     Shares     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
   Weighted
Average
Fair Value
Per Share

Balance at December 31, 2005

   4,911,100     $ 50.61    $ 13.82

Granted

   2,000       70.90      18.35

Vested

   -0-       n/a      n/a

Forfeited

   (31,800 )     48.10      13.12
                   

Balance at March 31, 2006

   4,881,300     $ 50.64    $ 13.83
                   

As of March 31, 2006, there was $39.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock-based compensation arrangements granted. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.53 years.

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions used for grants in the first three months of 2006: dividend yields of 0.7%; expected volatilities of 21%; expected lives of 5.0 years; and risk-free interest rates of 4.50%.

The expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock and other factors. The expected term of the options granted represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be

 

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outstanding. It is estimated based on the historical exercise of options and employee turnover. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

Stock-Based Compensation

Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for its stock-based employee compensation plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” (APB 25) and related interpretations, as permitted by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (SFAS 123). No stock-based employee compensation cost was recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Net Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2005, as all options granted under those plans had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant.

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FASB statement No. 123 (Revised), “Share-Based Payment,” (SFAS 123R) using the modified prospective transition method. Under this transition method, compensation cost recognized in the first quarter of 2006 includes: (a) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123, and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R. In accordance with SFAS 123R, results for prior periods have not been restated.

As a result of adopting SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, the Company’s earnings before taxes on income and net earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2006, were $3.6 million and $2.2 million lower, respectively, than if the Company had continued to account for stock-based compensation under APB 25. Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2006 would have been $1.27 and $1.26, respectively, if the Company had not adopted SFAS 123R, compared to reported basic and diluted earnings per share of $1.27 and $1.25, respectively. Stock-based compensation included in net deferred loan costs was $381 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company presented all tax benefits of deductions resulting from the exercise of stock options as operating cash flows in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. SFAS 123R requires the cash flows resulting from the tax benefits resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized for those options (excess tax benefits) to be classified as financing cash flows. The $7.8 million excess tax benefit classified as a financing cash inflow would have been classified as an operating cash inflow if the Company had not adopted SFAS 123R.

 

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The following table illustrates the effect on net earnings and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to options granted under the Company’s stock option plans in the prior period presented. For purposes of this pro forma disclosure, the fair value of the options is estimated using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model and amortized into expense over the options’ vesting periods.

Pro Forma Net Earnings and Earnings Per Share

(Dollars in thousands except per share figures)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
2005
 

Net earnings, as reported

   $ 348,250  

Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net earnings, net of related tax effects

     -0-  

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects

     (1,294 )
        

Pro forma net earnings

   $ 346,956  
        

Basic earnings per share

  

As reported

   $ 1.13  

Pro forma

     1.13  

Diluted earnings per share

  

As reported

   $ 1.12  

Pro forma

     1.11  

 

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

Headquartered in Oakland, California, Golden West Financial Corporation is one of the nation’s largest financial institutions with assets of $127.6 billion as of March 31, 2006. Our principal operating subsidiary is World Savings Bank, FSB (WSB). WSB has a subsidiary, World Savings Bank, FSB (Texas) (WTX). As of March 31, 2006, we operated 283 savings branches in ten states and had lending operations in 39 states under the World name.

We have assumed that readers have reviewed or have access to our 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which contains the latest audited financial statements and notes thereto, together with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations as of December 31, 2005, and for the year then ended. Copies of our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to such reports are available, free of charge, through the Securities and Exchange Commission website at www.sec.gov and our website at www.gdw.com as soon as reasonably practicable after their filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Our Business Model

We are a residential mortgage portfolio lender. In order to increase net earnings under this business model, we focus principally on:

 

    growing net interest income, which is the difference between the interest and dividends earned on loans and other investments and the interest paid on customer deposits and borrowings;

 

    maintaining a healthy primary spread, which is the difference between the yield on interest-earning assets and the cost of deposits and borrowings;

 

    expanding the adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) portfolio, which is our primary earning asset;

 

    managing interest rate risk, principally by originating and retaining monthly adjusting ARMs in portfolio, and matching these ARMs with liabilities that respond in a similar manner to changes in interest rates;

 

    managing credit risk, principally by originating high-quality loans to minimize nonperforming assets and troubled debt restructured and by closely monitoring our loan portfolio;

 

    maintaining a strong capital position to support growth and provide operating flexibility;

 

    controlling expenses; and

 

    managing operations risk through strong internal controls.

This discussion and analysis includes those material changes in liquidity and capital resources that have occurred since December 31, 2005, as well as material changes in results of operations during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Quarter in Review

Results for the first quarter of 2006 included the following:

 

    diluted earnings per share amounted to $1.25 for the first quarter of 2006, up 12% from the $1.12 reported for the comparable period in 2005;

 

    net interest income grew 17% to $883 million for the first three months of 2006 due to loan portfolio growth partially offset by a decrease in the average primary spread from 2.65% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 to 2.57% for the three months ended March 31, 2006;

 

   

our general and administrative expenses increased 21% from $224 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 to $271 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2006; because average assets grew

 

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more slowly than expenses between the same periods, our general and administrative expense to average assets ratio increased to .86% for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to .82% for the comparable period in 2005;

 

    our loan portfolio increased to $122.3 billion at March 31, 2006, up 14% from $107.5 billion at March 31, 2005, and 99% of the loan portfolio was ARMs at each of those period ends;

 

    our first quarter loan originations amounted to $11.6 billion as compared to $11.2 billion for the first quarter of 2005;

 

    99% of originations for the first three months of 2006 were ARMs;

 

    there was a shift in the predominant index used for our loan originations, thereby changing the mix of the ARM loans in our portfolio from March 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006; for the first quarter of 2006, 95% of originations were indexed to the Cost of Savings Index (COSI), and from March 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006, COSI increased from 32% to 54% of our ARM portfolio while the percentage of loans indexed to the Certificate of Deposit Index (CODI) decreased from 53% to 37% of our ARM portfolio during that same period;

 

    the ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets remained at very low levels but increased slightly from .31% at March 31, 2005 to .34% at March 31, 2006; net chargeoffs to average loans and MBS were zero basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005;

 

    deposits increased $1.4 billion in the first quarter of 2006 compared to an increase of $2.6 billion in the first quarter of 2005; and

 

    our stockholders’ equity increased to $9.0 billion at March 31, 2006 compared to $7.6 billion at March 31, 2005.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to current year presentation. Specifically, in the first quarter of 2006, the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS), our primary regulator, changed its financial reporting practice for the classification of fees received from the early prepayment of loans and loan late charges. This adjustment by the OTS led to a change in industry practice in the reporting of prepayment fees and late charges in interest income rather than as previously reported in fee income. Accordingly, the Company reclassified prepayment fees and late charges received on the Company’s loans receivable on the Consolidated Statement of Net Earnings from “Noninterest Income – Fees” to “Interest Income – Interest on loans” and “Interest Income – Interest on mortgage-backed securities.” As a result of these reclassifications, net interest income has increased by $53 million and noninterest income has decreased by the same amount for the three-month period ended March 31, 2005. For the quarter ended March 31, 2006, $84 million of prepayment fess and late charges was included in interest income. Although these reclassifications had no effect on “Net Earnings,” the yield on the loan portfolio, the net interest margin, and the primary spread were adjusted to reflect this change. Prepayment fees and late charges on loans that the Company services for others continue to be reported in “Noninterest Income – Fees.”

The following tables summarize selected financial information about how we performed at and for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to prior periods.

 

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T able 1

Financial Highlights

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands except per share figures)

 

     March 31
2006
    December 31
2005
    March 31
2005
 

Assets

   $ 127,556,456     $ 124,615,163     $ 112,587,849  

Loans receivable including mortgage-backed securities (MBS)(a)

     122,299,610       119,365,929       107,493,824  

Adjustable rate mortgages and MBS (b)

     119,239,909       116,369,564       104,481,133  

Fixed-rate mortgages held for investment including MBS(b)

     1,213,817       1,241,426       1,442,476  

Fixed-rate mortgages held for sale including MBS(b)

     136,183       82,400       40,988  

Adjustable rate mortgages as a % of total loans receivable and MBS

     99 %     99 %     99 %

Loans serviced for others with recourse

   $ 2,173,801     $ 2,138,348     $ 2,150,751  

Loans serviced for others without recourse

     2,003,421       2,020,402       2,165,174  

Nonperforming assets

   $ 436,888     $ 382,353     $ 353,234  

Nonperforming assets/total assets

     .34 %     .31 %     .31 %

Troubled debt restructured/total assets

     .00 %     .00 %     .00 %

Net chargeoffs/average loans

     .00 %     .00 %     .00 %

Stockholders’ equity

   $ 9,042,960     $ 8,670,965     $ 7,579,498  

Stockholders’ equity/total assets

     7.09 %     6.96 %     6.73 %

Book value per common share

   $ 29.31     $ 28.15     $ 24.68  

Common shares outstanding

     308,553,361       308,041,776       307,126,766  

Yield on interest-earning assets

     6.69 %     6.35 %     5.22 %

Cost of funds

     4.14 %     3.78 %     2.62 %

Primary spread

     2.55 %     2.57 %     2.60 %

Number of Employees:

      

Full-time

     11,251       10,495       9,491  

Part-time

     1,159       1,109       1,049  

World Savings Bank, FSB (WSB):

      

Total assets

   $ 126,936,046     $ 124,370,304     $ 111,787,577  

Stockholder’s equity

     8,995,322       8,607,176       7,706,837  

Stockholder’s equity/total assets

     7.09 %     6.92 %     6.89 %

Regulatory capital ratios:(c)

      

Tier 1 capital (core or leverage)

     6.94 %     6.76 %     6.72 %

Total risk-based capital

     13.30 %     13.02 %     12.93 %

World Savings Bank, FSB (Texas) (WTX):

      

Total assets

   $ 13,326,013     $ 13,270,487     $ 12,780,523  

Stockholder’s equity

     755,627       744,749       692,751  

Stockholder’s equity/total assets

     5.67 %     5.61 %     5.42 %

Regulatory capital ratios:(c)

      

Tier 1 capital (core or leverage)

     5.67 %     5.61 %     5.42 %

Total risk-based capital

     24.73 %     24.77 %     24.16 %

 

(a) Includes loans in process, net deferred loan costs, allowance for loan losses, and discounts.

 

(b) Excludes loans in process, net deferred loan costs, allowance for loan losses, and discounts.

 

(c) For regulatory purposes, the requirements to be considered “well-capitalized” are 5.0% for Tier 1 capital (core or leverage) and 10.0% for total risk-based capital.

 

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Table 1 (continued)

Financial Highlights

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands except per share figures)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
 
     2006     2005  

Real estate loans originated

   $ 11,565,992     $ 11,174,737  

New adjustable rate mortgages as a percentage of real estate loans originated

     99 %     99 %

Refinances as a percentage of real estate loans originated

     84 %     78 %

Deposits increase

   $ 1,424,905     $ 2,627,954  

Net earnings

     390,946       348,250  

Basic earnings per share

     1.27       1.13  

Diluted earnings per share

     1.25       1.12  

Ratios:(a)

    

Net earnings/average stockholders’ equity (ROE)

     17.64 %     18.78 %

Net earnings/average assets (ROA)

     1.24 %     1.27 %

Net interest margin(b)

     2.84 %     2.79 %

General and administrative expense/average assets

     .86 %     .82 %

Efficiency ratio(c)

     29.50 %     28.49 %

 

(a) Ratios are annualized by multiplying the quarterly computation by four. Averages are computed by adding the beginning balance and each monthend balance during the quarter and dividing by four.

 

(b) Net interest margin is net interest income divided by average earning assets.

 

(c) Efficiency ratio is defined as general and administrative expense divided by the sum of net interest income and noninterest income.

 

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FINANCIAL CONDITION

The following table summarizes our major asset, liability, and equity components in percentage terms at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005.

TABLE 2

Asset, Liability, and Equity Components as

Percentages of the Total Balance Sheet

 

     March 31
2006
    December 31
2005
    March 31
2005
 

Assets:

      

Cash and investments

   1.7 %   1.8 %   2.1 %

Loans receivable and MBS

   95.9     95.8     95.5  

Other assets

   2.4     2.4     2.4  
                  
   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %
                  

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:

      

Deposits

   48.3 %   48.3 %   49.4 %

FHLB advances

   30.2     31.2     31.5  

Other borrowings

   13.3     12.5     11.1  

Other liabilities

   1.1     1.0     1.3  

Stockholders’ equity

   7.1     7.0     6.7  
                  
   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %
                  

The Loan Portfolio

Almost all of our assets are monthly adjustable rate mortgages on residential properties. We originate and retain these loans in portfolio. As discussed below, we emphasize ARMs with interest rates that change monthly to reduce our exposure to interest rate risk. We sell most of the fixed-rate loans that we originate, as well as loans that customers convert from ARMs to fixed-rate loans.

Loans Receivable and Mortgage-Backed Securities

The following table shows the components of our loans receivable and mortgage-backed securities (MBS) portfolio at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005.

 

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TABLE 3

Balance of Loans Receivable and MBS by Component

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     March 31
2006
    December 31
2005
    March 31
2005
 

Loans

   $ 70,378,952     $ 66,339,220     $ 72,342,994  

Securitized loans (a)

     48,804,503       49,870,206       31,809,871  

Other (b)

     1,709,701       1,672,539       1,529,227  
                        

Total loans receivable

     120,893,156       117,881,965       105,682,092  
                        

MBS with recourse (c)

     1,104,248       1,168,480       1,440,341  

Purchased MBS

     302,206       315,484       371,391  
                        

Total MBS

     1,406,454       1,483,964       1,811,732  
                        

Total loans receivable and MBS

   $ 122,299,610     $ 119,365,929     $ 107,493,824  
                        

ARMs as a percentage of total loans receivable and MBS

     99 %     99 %     99 %
                        

 

(a) Loans securitized after March 31, 2001 are classified as securitized loans and included in loans receivable.

 

(b) Includes loans in process, net deferred loan costs, allowance for loan losses, and other miscellaneous discounts.

 

(c) Loans securitized prior to April 1, 2001 are classified as MBS with recourse held to maturity.

The balance of loans receivable and MBS is affected primarily by loan originations and loan and MBS repayments. The following table provides information about our loan originations and loan and MBS repayments for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 4

Loan Originations and Repayments

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
 

Loan Originations

     2006       2005  

Real estate loans originated

   $ 11,565,992     $ 11,174,737  

ARMs as a % of originations

     99 %     99 %

Fixed-rate mortgages as a % of originations

     1 %     1 %

Refinances as a % of originations

     84 %     78 %

Purchases as a % of originations

     16 %     22 %

First mortgages originated for portfolio as a % of originations

     97 %     98 %

First mortgages originated for sale as a % of originations

     1 %     0 %

Repayments

    

Loan and MBS repayments (a)

   $ 8,889,241     $ 6,314,104  

Loan and MBS repayment rate (b)

     30 %     25 %

 

(a) Loan and MBS repayments consist of monthly amortization and loan payoffs. For ELOCs, only amounts paid at the termination of the line of credit are included in repayments. Prior to 2006, repayments of ELOCs were not included in repayments.

 

(b) The loan and MBS repayment rate is the quarterly repayments annualized as a percentage of the prior quarter’s ending loan and MBS balance.

 

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The dollar volume of our originations increased slightly in the first three months of 2006 versus the same period in 2005 due to the continued popularity of ARMs and an increase in the average loan size, offset by a decrease in the number of loans originated.

Loan and MBS repayments, including amortization and loan payoffs, were higher in the first quarter of 2006 as compared to the comparable period in 2005 as a result of the larger portfolio balance and a higher repayment rate. Also, included in the 2006 repayment numbers are amounts paid at the termination of an ELOC. Prior to 2006, ELOC terminations were not included in repayments. The repayment rate in 2006 increased because home sales continued at high levels, refinance activity remained high as borrowers continued to borrow against the equity in their homes, and many borrowers opted to switch from an ARM loan to a fixed-rate mortgage in order to lock in the favorable rates and payments available on comparatively low-cost fixed-rate mortgages.

Equity Lines of Credit and Fixed-Rate Second Mortgages

Most of our loans are collateralized by first deeds of trust on one- to four-family homes. We also offer borrowers equity lines of credit (ELOCs). These ELOCs are collateralized typically by second deeds of trust and occasionally by first deeds of trust. The ELOCs we originate are indexed either to the Certificate of Deposit Index (CODI) discussed in “Management of Interest Rate Risk—Asset/Liability Management” or the Prime Rate as published in the Money Rates table in The Wall Street Journal (Central Edition). For the three months ended March 31, 2006, $281 million of ELOCs were originated (includes only amounts drawn at the time of establishment), of which $271 million were tied to CODI and $10 million were tied to the Prime Rate. We also originate a small volume of fixed-rate second mortgages secured by second deeds of trust. We originate second deeds of trust on properties that have a first mortgage with us. The following table provides information about our activity in ELOCs and fixed-rate second mortgages for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 5

Equity Lines of Credit and Fixed-Rate Second Mortgages

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31

Equity Lines of Credit

     2006      2005

ELOC originations (a)

   $ 280,687    $ 178,521

New ELOCs established (b)

     596,776      384,541

ELOC outstanding balance

     2,993,166      2,586,418

ELOC maximum total line of credit available

     4,728,437      3,957,814

Fixed-Rate Second Mortgages

     

Fixed-rate second mortgage originations

   $ 1,971    $ 1,344

Sales of fixed-rate second mortgages

     -0-      -0-

Fixed-rate seconds held for investment

     53,388      112,021

 

(a) Only the dollar amount of ELOCs drawn at the establishment of the line of credit is included in originations.

 

(b) Includes the maximum total line of credit available for new ELOCs.

Net Deferred Loan Costs

Included in the balance of loans receivable are net deferred loan costs associated with originating loans. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP), we defer loan fees charged and certain loan origination costs. The combined amounts have resulted in net deferred costs. These net deferred loan costs are amortized over the contractual life of the related loans. The amortized amount lowers loan interest income and net interest income which reduces the reported yield on our loan portfolio, our primary spread, and our net interest margin. If a loan pays off before the end of its contractual life, any remaining net deferred cost is charged to loan interest income at that time. The vast majority of the amortization of net deferred loan costs shown in the following table is accelerated amortization resulting from early payoffs of loans.

 

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The following table provides information on net deferred loan costs for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 6

Net Deferred Loan Costs

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
 
     2006     2005  

Beginning balance of net deferred loan costs

   $ 1,152,143     $ 915,008  

Net loan costs deferred

     131,455       125,520  

Amortization of net deferred loan costs

     (94,026 )     (59,216 )

Net deferred loan costs transferred from MBS

     6       915  
                

Ending balance of net deferred loan costs

   $ 1,189,578     $ 982,227  
                

The increase in the balance of net deferred loan costs from March 31, 2005 to March 31, 2006 resulted primarily from the growth in the loan portfolio.

Lending Operations

At March 31, 2006, we had lending operations in 39 states. Our largest source of mortgage origination volume continues to be loans secured by residential properties in California, which is the largest residential mortgage market in the United States. The following table shows originations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 for Northern and Southern California and for our next five largest origination states by dollar amount in the first quarter of 2006.

TABLE 7

Loan Originations by State

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
     2006    2005

Northern California

   $ 4,101,838    $ 4,174,210

Southern California

     3,699,908      3,455,060
             

Total California

     7,801,746      7,629,270

Florida

     966,870      735,222

New Jersey

     426,619      401,081

Arizona

     332,501      224,445

Virginia

     216,885      252,638

Maryland

     195,090      146,391

Other states

     1,626,281      1,785,690
             

Total

   $ 11,565,992    $ 11,174,737
             

 

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The following tables show loans receivable and MBS with recourse by state at March 31, 2006 and 2005 for Northern and Southern California and all other states with more than 2% of the total loan balance at March 31, 2006.

TABLE 8

Loan Portfolio by State (a)

March 31, 2006

(Dollars in thousands)

 

    

Residential

Real Estate

  

Commercial

Real
Estate

       

Loans

as a % of
Portfolio

 

State

   Single-Family
1 – 4 Units
   Multi-Family
5+ Units
     

Total

Loans

  

Northern California

   $ 39,112,454    $ 1,744,520    $ 7,971    $ 40,864,945    33.98 %

Southern California

     31,466,983      1,494,900      802      32,962,685    27.41  
                                  

Total California

     70,579,437      3,239,420      8,773      73,827,630    61.39  

Florida

     8,698,152      80,080      118      8,778,350    7.30  

New Jersey

     5,546,271      -0-      254      5,546,525    4.61  

Texas

     3,235,270      155,479      8      3,390,757    2.82  

Illinois

     2,822,724      138,646      -0-      2,961,370    2.46  

Virginia

     2,660,717      2,954      -0-      2,663,671    2.21  

Washington

     1,827,182      729,961      -0-      2,557,143    2.13  

Arizona

     2,426,178      70,740      -0-      2,496,918    2.08  

Other states (b)

     17,685,814      367,514      504      18,053,832    15.00  
                                  

Totals

   $ 115,481,745    $ 4,784,794    $ 9,657      120,276,196    100.00 %
                              

Loans on deposits

              11,507   

Other (c)

              1,709,701   
                  

Total loans receivable and MBS with recourse

            $ 121,997,404   
                  

 

(a) The table includes the balances of loans that were securitized and retained as MBS with recourse.

 

(b) Each state included in Other states had a total loan balance that was less than 2% of total loans at March 31, 2006.

 

(c) Includes loans in process, net deferred loan costs, allowance for loan losses, and other miscellaneous discounts.

 

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TABLE 9

Loan Portfolio by State (a)

March 31, 2005

(Dollars in thousands)

 

    

Residential

Real Estate

                

State

  

Single-Family

1 – 4 Units

  

Multi-Family

5+ Units

  

Commercial
Real

Estate

  

Total

Loans

  

Loans

as a % of

Portfolio

 

Northern California

   $ 35,136,901    $ 1,780,565    $ 8,926    $ 36,926,392    34.97 %

Southern California

     27,705,611      1,495,519      960      29,202,090    27.66  
                                  

Total California

     62,842,512      3,276,084      9,886      66,128,482    62.63  

Florida

     6,359,991      72,792      216      6,432,999    6.09  

New Jersey

     4,641,215      -0-      273      4,641,488    4.40  

Texas

     3,243,448      147,541      120      3,391,109    3.21  

Illinois

     2,625,970      139,356      -0-      2,765,326    2.62  

Virginia

     2,218,006      3,029      -0-      2,221,035    2.10  

Washington

     1,644,617      738,969      -0-      2,383,586    2.26  

Arizona

     1,615,810      70,473      -0-      1,686,283    1.60  

Other states (b)

     15,592,331      336,153      4,157      15,932,641    15.09  
                                  

Totals

   $ 100,783,900    $ 4,784,397    $ 14,652      105,582,949    100.00 %
                              

Loans on deposits

              10,257   

Other (c)

              1,529,227   
                  

Total loans receivable and MBS with recourse

            $ 107,122,433   
                  

 

(a) The table includes the balances of loans that were securitized and retained as MBS with recourse.

 

(b) Each state included in Other states had a total loan balance that was less than 2% of total at March 31, 2006.

 

(c) Includes loans in process, net deferred loan costs, allowance for loan losses, and other miscellaneous discounts.

Securitization Activity

We often securitize our portfolio loans into mortgage-backed securities. We do this because MBS are a more valuable form of collateral for borrowings than whole loans. Because we have retained all of the beneficial interests in these MBS securitizations to date, GAAP requires that securitizations formed after March 31, 2001 be classified as securitized loans and included in our loans receivable. Securitization activity for the three months ended March 31, 2006 amounted to $4.6 billion compared to $1.1 billion for the same period in 2005. The volume of securitization activity fluctuates depending on the amount of collateral needed for borrowings and liquidity management.

Loans securitized prior to April 1, 2001 are classified as MBS with recourse held to maturity. MBS that are classified as held to maturity are those that we have the ability and intent to hold until maturity.

Structural Features of our ARMs

After bank regulators authorized ARMs in 1981 to help mortgage lenders better manage interest rate risk, we and other major residential portfolio lenders in California and elsewhere evaluated various ARM products to find solutions that would benefit borrowers and also allow us to manage interest rate risk without assuming undue credit risk. The product selected by most major residential portfolio lenders on the West Coast, and various others throughout the country, was a product often described as an “option ARM” because of the payment options available to borrowers. For the past 25 years, we have continued to originate our version of the option ARM because we believe that borrowers benefit from its structural features and because we have developed pricing, underwriting, appraisal, and other processes over the years to help us manage potential credit risks. Although we have originated some other types of ARMs, almost all of our ARMs are option ARMs.

 

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The option ARMs that we have originated since 1981 have the following structural features that are described in more detail below:

 

    an interest rate that changes monthly and is based on an index plus a fixed margin set at origination;

 

    payment options;

 

    features that allow for deferred interest to be added to the loans; and

 

    lifetime interest rate caps, and in some cases interest rate floors, that limit the range of interest rates on the loans.

Interest Rates and Indexes. The option ARMs we originate have interest rates that change monthly based on an index plus a fixed margin that is set at the time we make the loan. The index value changes monthly and consequently the loan interest rate changes monthly. For most of our lending, the indexes used are the Golden West Cost of Savings Index (COSI) and the Certificate of Deposit Index (CODI). Our portfolio also contains loans indexed to the Eleventh District Cost of Funds Index (COFI). Details about these indexes, including the reporting and repricing lags associated with them, are discussed in “Management of Interest Rate Risk—Asset/Liability Management.” The ELOCs we originate are indexed either to CODI or the Prime Rate.

As further described in “Management of Interest Rate Risk - Asset/Liability Management,” we have focused on originating ARMs with indexes that meet our customers’ needs and match well with our liabilities. The following table shows the distribution of ARM originations by index for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 10

Adjustable Rate Mortgage Originations by Index (a)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31  

ARM Index

   2006    % of
Total
    2005    % of
Total
 

COSI

   $ 11,028,939    96 %   $ 4,337,776    39 %

CODI (b)

     359,916    3 %     6,472,036    58 %

COFI

     65,758    1 %     127,509    1 %

Prime

     9,711    0 %     175,491    2 %

LIBOR (c)

     3,475    0 %     -0-    0 %
                          

Total

   $ 11,467,799    100 %   $ 11,112,812    100 %
                          

 

(a) Only the dollar amount of ELOCs drawn at the establishment of the line of credit is included in originations.

 

(b) Includes ELOCs tied to CODI.

 

(c) LIBOR is the London Interbank Offered Rate.

The proportion of our ARM originations tied to each index varies in different interest, operating, and competitive environments. In the first quarter of 2006, COSI was appealing to our customers because COSI was lower than CODI and moved more slowly than CODI as short-term interest rates rose. From December 31, 2005 until March 31, 2006, COSI increased by .32% from 3.24% to 3.56%, while CODI increased by .49% from 3.51% to 4.00% during the same period.

 

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The following table shows the distribution by index of the Company’s outstanding balance of adjustable rate mortgages (including ARM MBS) at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005.

TABLE 11

Adjustable Rate Mortgage Portfolio by Index

(Including ARM MBS)

(Dollars in thousands)

 

ARM Index

  

March 31

2006

   % of
Total
    December 31
2005
   % of
Total
   

March 31

2005

   % of
Total
 

COSI

   $ 64,647,629    54 %   $ 56,382,694    48 %   $ 33,240,552    32 %

CODI (a)

     43,258,517    37 %     47,557,461    41 %     55,599,449    53 %

COFI

     9,848,149    8 %     10,408,640    9 %     12,770,727    12 %

Prime

     1,272,440    1 %     1,793,888    2 %     2,583,536    3 %

Other (b)

     213,174    0 %     226,881    0 %     286,869    0 %
                                       

Total

   $ 119,239,909    100 %   $ 116,369,564    100 %   $ 104,481,133    100 %
                                       

 

(a) Includes ELOCs tied to CODI.

 

(b) Primarily ARMs tied to the twelve-month rolling average of the One-Year Treasury Constant Maturity (TCM).

Between March 31, 2005 and March 31, 2006, the portion of our ARMs tied to the COSI index increased while the portion of ARMs tied to CODI decreased. As further described in “Management of Interest Rate Risk – Asset/Liability Management,” a change in the index mix of loans in our portfolio can affect the yield on our interest-earning assets and our primary spread.

Payment Options. The option ARM provides our borrowers with up to four payment options. These payment options include a minimum payment, an interest-only payment, a payment that enables the loan to pay off over its original term, and a payment that enables the loan to pay off 15 years from origination. In addition to these four specified payment options, borrowers may elect a payment of any amount above the minimum payment.

Substantially all of the ARMs we originate allow the borrower to select an initial monthly payment for the first year of the loan. The initial monthly payment selected is limited by a floor that we set and becomes the minimum monthly payment due on the loan. To maintain payment flexibility, nearly every new borrower selects the initial monthly payment equal to the floor, even if the borrower intends to make higher monthly payments. The minimum monthly payment for substantially all our ARMs is reset annually. The new minimum monthly payment amount generally cannot exceed the prior year’s minimum monthly payment amount by more than 7.5%. Periodically, this 7.5% cap does not apply. For example, for most of the loans this 7.5% cap does not apply on the tenth annual payment change of the loan and every fifth annual payment change thereafter. For a small number of loans, the 7.5% cap does not apply on the fifth annual payment change of the loan and every fifth annual payment change thereafter.

Although most of our loans have payments due on a monthly cycle, a significant number of borrowers elect to make payments on a biweekly cycle. A biweekly payment cycle results in a shorter period required to fully amortize the loan.

Deferred Interest. Deferred interest refers to interest that is added to the outstanding loan principal balance when the payment a borrower makes is less than the monthly interest due on the loan. Our loans have had this deferred interest feature for a quarter of a century. Borrowers may always make a high enough monthly payment to avoid or minimize deferred interest, and many borrowers do so. Borrowers may also pay down the balance of deferred interest in whole or in part at any time without a prepayment fee.

 

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Table of Contents

Our loans provide that deferred interest may occur as long as the loan balance remains below a cap based on a percentage of the original mortgage amount. A 125% cap on the loan balance applies to loans with original loan-to-value ratios at or below 85%, which includes almost all of the loans we originate. Loans with original loan-to-values above 85% have a 110% cap. If the loan balance reaches the applicable limit, additional deferred interest may not be allowed to occur and we may increase the minimum monthly payment to an amount that would amortize the loan over its remaining term. In this case, the new minimum monthly payment amount could increase beyond the 7.5% annual payment cap described above, and continue to increase each month thereafter, if the applicable loan balance cap is still being reached and the current minimum monthly payment amount would not be enough to fully amortize the loan by the scheduled maturity date.

The amount of deferred interest a loan incurs depends on a number of factors outside our control, including changes in the underlying index and the borrower’s payment behavior. If a loan’s index were to increase and remain at relatively high levels, the amount of deferred interest on the loan would be expected to trend higher, absent other mitigating factors such as monthly payments that meet or exceed the amount of interest then due. Similarly, if the index were to decline and remain at relatively low levels, the amount of deferred interest on the loan would be expected to trend lower.

Additional discussion of deferred interest can be found in “Management of Credit Risk – Close Monitoring of the Loan Portfolio.”

Lifetime Caps and Floors. During the life of a typical ARM loan, the interest rate may not be raised above a lifetime cap which is set at the time of origination or assumption. Virtually all of our ARMs are subject to a lifetime cap. The weighted average maximum lifetime cap rate on our ARM loan portfolio (including MBS with recourse before any reduction for loan servicing and guarantee fees) was 12.09% or 5.27% above the actual weighted average rate at March 31, 2006, versus 12.15% or 5.68% above the actual weighted average rate at December 31, 2005, and 12.15% or 6.83% above the weighted average rate at March 31, 2005.

During the life of some of our ARM loans, the interest rate may not be decreased to a rate below a lifetime floor which is set at the time of origination or assumption. At March 31, 2006, approximately $4.6 billion of our ARM loans (including MBS with recourse) have lifetime floors. As of March 31, 2006, $170 million of ARM loans had reached their rate floors, compared to $277 million at December 31, 2005, and $1.2 billion at March 31, 2005. The weighted average floor rate on the loans that had reached their floor was 6.35% at March 31, 2006 compared to 6.09% at December 31, 2005 and 5.43% at March 31, 2005. Without the floor, the average rate on these loans would have been 5.77% at March 31, 2006, 5.52% at December 31, 2005, and 4.66% at March 31, 2005.

Other Lending Activity

In addition to the monthly adjusting ARMs described above, we originate and have in portfolio a small volume of ARMs with initial interest rates and monthly payments that are fixed for periods of 12 to 36 months, after which the interest rate adjusts monthly and the monthly payment resets annually. Additionally, we originate a small volume of ARMs where the interest rate adjusts every six months subject to a periodic interest rate cap; some of these ARMs provide for interest-only payments for the first five years.

From time to time, as part of our efforts to retain loans and loan customers, we may waive or temporarily modify certain terms of a loan. Some borrowers elect to modify their loans to fixed-rate loans for one, three, or five years. These modifications amounted to $185 million for the first three months of 2006 compared to $46 million for the comparable period in 2005. We retain these modified loans in portfolio. Additionally, some borrowers choose to convert their ARM to a fixed-rate mortgage for the remainder of the term. During the first three months of 2006, $184 million of loans were converted at the customer’s request from ARMs to fixed-rate loans, compared to $28 million for the first quarter of 2005. We sell most of the converted fixed-rate loans.

 

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Table of Contents

Investments

We invest funds not immediately needed to fund our loan operations in short-term instruments. Our practice is to invest only with counterparties that have high credit ratings. Investments are reported in either “Federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and other investments” or “Securities available for sale, at fair value” on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. The following tables summarize information about the Company’s investments.

TABLE 12

Federal Funds Sold, Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell,

and Other Investments

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     March 31
2006
   December 31
2005
   March 31
2005

Federal funds sold

   $ 979,133    $ 1,096,626    $ 899,914

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

     -0-      -0-      775,000

Eurodollar time deposits

     600,000      225,000      -0-
                    

Total federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell, and other investments

   $ 1,579,133    $ 1,321,626    $ 1,674,914
                    

The weighted average yields on federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other investments were 4.91%, 4.11%, and 2.90% at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, respectively.

TABLE 13

Securities Available for Sale

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     March 31
2006
   December 31
2005
   March 31
2005

U.S. government obligation

   $ 1,782    $ 1,765    $ 1,771

Freddie Mac stock

     342,820      367,267      355,184

Other

     14,947      13,467      22,127
                    

Total securities available for sale

   $ 359,549    $ 382,499    $ 379,082
                    

We hold stock in the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) that we obtained in 1984 with a cost basis of $6 million. Included in the balances above are net unrealized gains on Freddie Mac stock of $337 million, $362 million, and $350 million at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, respectively. The weighted average yields of securities available for sale, excluding equity securities, were 4.21%, 4.24%, and 2.42% at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, respectively. At March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, we had no securities held for trading.

Other Assets

Capitalized Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Company recognizes as assets the rights to service loans for others. When we retain the servicing rights upon the sale of loans, the allocated cost of these rights is capitalized as an asset and then amortized over the expected life of the loan. The amount capitalized is based on the relative fair value of the servicing rights and the loans on the sale date. We do not have a large portfolio of capitalized mortgage servicing rights (CMSRs), primarily because we retain our ARM originations in portfolio and only sell a limited number of fixed-rate loans to third parties. CMSRs are included in “Other assets” on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.

 

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Table of Contents

The following table shows the changes in CMSRs for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 14

Capitalized Mortgage Servicing Rights

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
 
     2006     2005  

CMSRs

    

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 39,702     $ 60,544  

New CMSRs from loan sales

     2,254       1,416  

Amortization

     (6,438 )     (7,779 )
                

Balance, end of period

     35,518       54,181  

Valuation Allowance

    

Balance, beginning of period

     (568 )     (7,310 )

Recovery of (provision for) valuation allowance

     568       1,337  
                

Balance, end of period

     -0-       (5,973 )
                

CMSRs, net

   $ 35,518     $ 48,208  
                

The estimated amortization of the March 31, 2006 balance for the remainder of 2006 and the five years ending 2011 is $17.6 million (2006), $12.9 million (2007), $4.7 million (2008), $309 thousand (2009), $10 thousand (2010), and $-0- (2011). Actual results may vary depending upon the level of the payoffs of the loans currently serviced.

The estimated fair value of CMSRs is regularly reviewed and can change up or down depending on market conditions. We stratify the serviced loans by year of origination or modification, term to maturity, and loan type. If the estimated fair value of a loan strata is less than its book value, we establish a valuation allowance for the estimated temporary impairment through a charge to noninterest income. We also recognize any other-than-temporary impairment as a direct write-down.

The estimated fair value of CMSRs as of March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005 was $55 million, $54 million, and $58 million, respectively. The book value of the Company’s CMSRs did not exceed the fair value at March 31, 2006 and, therefore, no valuation allowance for impairment was required. The book value of the Company’s CMSRs for certain of the Company’s loan strata exceeded the fair value by $1 million at December 31, 2005 and by $6 million at March 31, 2005, and as a result, we had a valuation allowance of those amounts.

Deposits

We raise deposits on a retail basis through our branch system and the Internet, and, from time to time, through the money markets. Retail deposits increased during the first quarter of 2006 by $1.4 billion compared to an increase of $2.6 billion in the first quarter of 2005. Although customers responded favorably to our promoted products in both years, first quarter 2006 deposit growth was lower than the record level set in 2005, because in 2006 consumers had additional attractive investment alternatives, including aggressively priced products advertised by competitors. Transaction accounts represented 29% of the total balance of deposits at March 31, 2006 compared to 32% at December 31, 2005 and 52% at March 31, 2005. These transaction accounts included checking accounts, money market deposit accounts, and passbook accounts.

 

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Table of Contents

The following table shows the Company’s deposits by interest rate and by remaining maturity at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005.

TABLE 15

Deposits

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     March 31
2006
   December 31
2005
   March 31
2005
     Rate     Amount    Rate     Amount    Rate     Amount

Deposits by rate:

              

Interest-bearing checking accounts

   1.69 %   $ 4,796,067    1.69 %   $ 4,916,067    1.32 %   $ 5,072,338

Savings accounts (a)

   2.44       13,082,640    2.20       14,141,337    1.91       23,867,795

Term certificate accounts with original maturities of: 4 weeks to 1 year

   4.12       30,390,434    3.77       28,956,796    2.95       16,850,485

1 to 2 years

   4.17       9,390,716    3.87       8,082,385    2.67       4,988,871

2 to 3 years

   3.11       991,795    2.90       1,086,506    2.45       1,319,087

3 to 4 years

   3.12       691,012    3.05       728,817    3.25       1,090,829

4 years and over

   4.34       2,224,327    4.33       2,227,145    4.53       2,370,395

Retail jumbo CDs

   1.40       16,233    1.31       19,266    1.69       33,465
                          
     $ 61,583,224      $ 60,158,319      $ 55,593,265
                          

Deposits by remaining maturity:

              

No contractual maturity

   2.24 %   $ 17,878,707    2.07 %   $ 19,057,404    1.80 %   $ 28,940,133

Maturity within one year

   4.11       41,239,598    3.77       38,139,593    2.91       22,993,596

1 to 5 years

   3.95       2,463,999    3.99       2,960,596    3.71       3,658,774

Over 5 years

   3.70       920    3.31       726    3.28       762
                          
     $ 61,583,224      $ 60,158,319      $ 55,593,265
                          

 

(a) Includes money market deposit accounts and passbook accounts.

The weighted average cost of deposits was 3.56% at March 31, 2006, 3.24% at December 31, 2005, and 2.39% at March 31, 2005.

Borrowings

In addition to funding real estate loans with deposits, we also utilize borrowings. Most of our borrowings are variable interest rate instruments tied to LIBOR. In the first three months of 2006, borrowings increased by $1.0 billion to $55.5 billion from $54.5 billion at yearend 2005 in order to fund the loan growth described earlier.

Advances from Federal Home Loan Banks

An important type of borrowing we use comes from the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs). These borrowings are known as “advances.” WSB is a member of the FHLB of San Francisco, and WTX is a member of the FHLB of Dallas. Advances are secured by pledges of certain loans, MBS, and capital stock of the FHLBs that we own. FHLB advances amounted to $38.5 billion at March 31, 2006, compared to $39.0 billion at December 31, 2005, and $35.5 billion at March 31, 2005.

Other Borrowings

In addition to borrowing from the FHLBs, we borrow from other sources to maintain flexibility in managing the availability and cost of funds for the Company.

We borrow funds from the capital markets on both a secured and unsecured basis. Most of WSB’s capital market funding consists of unsecured senior debt and bank notes. Debt securities with maturities 270 days or longer are reported as senior debt and debt securities with maturities less than 270 days are reported as bank notes on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. WSB has a program that allows for the issuance of up to an aggregate amount of $8.0 billion of unsecured senior notes with maturities ranging from 270

 

29


Table of Contents

days to thirty years. WSB issued $600 million in notes under this program in the first three months of 2006, $2.95 billion in 2005, and $1.3 billion in 2004, and as of March 31, 2006, $3.15 billion remained available for issuance under this program. WSB issued $3.0 billion of senior debt under a prior program in 2004. As of March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and March 31, 2005, WSB had a total of $7.1 billion, $7.2 billion and $5.0 billion of long-term unsecured senior debt outstanding. As of March 31, 2006, WSB’s unsecured senior debt ratings were Aa3 and AA- from Moody’s and S&P, respectively.

WSB also has a short-term bank note program that allows up to $5.0 billion of short-term notes with maturities of less than 270 days to be outstanding at any point in time. At March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, WSB had $3.0 billion, $2.4 billion, and $2.5 billion, respectively, of short-term bank notes outstanding. As of March 31, 2006, WSB’s short-term bank notes were rated P-1 and A-1+ by Moody’s and S&P, respectively.

We also borrow funds through transactions in which securities are sold under agreements to repurchase. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are entered into with selected major government securities dealers and large banks, using MBS from our portfolio as collateral, and amounted to $5.9 billion, $5.0 billion, and $4.1 billion at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, respectively.

Golden West, at the holding company level, occasionally issues senior or subordinated unsecured debt. In December 2005, Golden West filed a registration statement that allows us to issue up to $2.0 billion of debt securities. As of March 31, 2006, no debt was outstanding under this registration statement. At March 31, 2006, Golden West, at the holding company level, had $995 million of senior debt outstanding compared to $994 million at December 31, 2005 and $993 million at March 31, 2005, respectively. Golden West had no subordinated debt outstanding during those time periods. As of March 31, 2006, Golden West’s senior debt was rated A1 and A+ by Moody’s and S&P, respectively, and its subordinated debt was rated A2 and A by Moody’s and S&P, respectively.

MANAGEMENT OF RISK

Our business strategy is to achieve sustainable earnings growth utilizing a low-risk business approach. We continue to execute and refine our business model to manage the key risks associated with being a residential mortgage portfolio lender, namely interest rate risk and credit risk. We also manage other risks, such as operational, regulatory, and management risk.

Management of Interest Rate Risk

Overview

Interest rate risk generally refers to the risk associated with changes in market interest rates that could adversely affect a company’s financial condition. We strive to manage interest rate risk through the operation of our business, rather than relying on capital market techniques such as derivatives. Our strategy for managing interest rate risk includes:

 

    focusing on originating and retaining monthly adjusting ARMs in our portfolio;

 

    funding these ARM assets with liabilities that respond in a similar manner to changes in market rates; and

 

    selling most of the limited number of fixed-rate loans that we originate, as well as fixed-rate loans that result from existing customers converting from ARMs.

As discussed further below, these strategies help us to maintain a close relationship between the yield on our assets and the cost of our liabilities throughout the interest rate cycle and thereby limit the sensitivity of net interest income and our primary spread to changes in market rates.

 

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Table of Contents

Asset/Liability Management

Monthly-Adjusting ARMs. Our principal strategy to manage interest rate risk is to originate and keep in portfolio ARMs that provide interest rate sensitivity to the asset side of the balance sheet. The interest rates on most of our ARMs adjust monthly. At March 31, 2006, ARMs constituted 99% of our loan and MBS portfolio, and 96% of our ARM portfolio adjusted monthly.

Timing Lags. The primary difference between how our ARMs and how our liabilities respond to interest rate changes is principally timing related. Specifically, rates on our liabilities tend to adjust more rapidly to interest rate changes than the yield on our ARM portfolio, primarily because of built-in reporting and repricing lags that are inherent in the indexes. Reporting lags occur because of the time it takes to gather the data needed to compute the indexes. Repricing lags occur because it may take a period of time before changes in market interest rates are significantly reflected in the indexes.

This timing disparity between the repricing of our assets and liabilities can temporarily affect our primary spread until the indexes are able to reflect, or “catch up” with, the changes in market rates. Over a full interest rate cycle, the timing lags will tend to offset one another. The following chart summarizes the different relationships the indexes and short-term market interest rates could have at any point in time and the expected impact on our primary spread.

TABLE 16

Relationship between Indexes and Short-Term Market Interest Rates

and Expected Impact on Primary Spread

 

Market Interest Rate Scenarios

  

Relationship between Indexes and Short-Term Market
Interest Rates and Expected Impact
on Primary Spread

Market interest rates increase    The index increase lags the market interest rate increase, and therefore the primary spread would normally be expected to narrow temporarily until the index catches up with the higher market interest rates.
Market interest rates decline    The index decrease lags the market interest rate decrease, and therefore the primary spread would normally be expected to widen temporarily until the index catches up with the lower market interest rates.
Market interest rates remain constant    The primary spread would normally be expected to stabilize when the index catches up to the current market rate level.

As the table above indicates, although market rate changes impact the primary spread, the impact is principally a timing issue until the market rates are reflected in the applicable index. Also, a gradual change in rates would tend to have less of an impact on the primary spread than a sharp rise or decline in rates.

ARM Indexes and Liability Matching. To mitigate the lags discussed above, our ARM index strategy strives to match portions of our ARM portfolio with liabilities that have similar repricing characteristics, by which we mean the frequency of rate changes and the responsiveness of rate changes to fluctuations in market interest rates. The following table describes the indexes we use and shows how these indexes are intended to match with our liabilities. ARMs funded with savings historically have had similar repricing lags. The repricing lags of ARMs and LIBOR-based market-rate borrowings have historically been somewhat different. In particular, most of the Company’s interest rate sensitivity has come from slowly repricing ARM loans funded with LIBOR-based borrowings that adjust relatively rapidly and fully to movements in short-term market interest rates.

 

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TABLE 17

Summary of Key Indexes

 

   

COSI

 

CODI

 

COFI

How the Index is

Calculated

  Equal to Golden West’s cost of savings as reported monthly.   Based on a market rate, specifically the monthly yield of three-month certificates of deposit (secondary market), as published by the Federal Reserve Board. CODI is calculated by adding the twelve most recently published monthly yields together and dividing the result by twelve.   Equal to the monthly average cost of deposits and borrowings of savings institution members of the Federal Home Loan Bank System’s Eleventh District, which is comprised of California, Arizona, and Nevada.
Matching and Activity Levels      

How the Index

Matches the

Company’s

Liabilities

  COSI equals our own cost of savings. COSI and the cost of our deposits are therefore matched subject only to the reporting lag described below.   Historically, the three-month CD yield on which CODI is based has closely tracked LIBOR. Most of our borrowings from the FHLBs and the capital markets are based on LIBOR. The 12-month rolling aspect of CODI creates a timing lag.   Historically, COFI has tracked our cost of savings. The match is not perfect however, because COFI includes the cost of savings and borrowings of many other institutions as well as our own.

% ARM

Originations for

First Three

Months of 2006

  96%   3%   1%

Percentage of

ARM Portfolio at

March 31, 2006

  54%   37%   8%
Timing Lags (see descriptions in the paragraph below)  
Reporting Lag   One month   One month   Two months
Repricing Lag   Yes, because the rates paid on many of our deposits may not respond immediately or fully to a change in market rates, but this lag is offset by the same repricing lag on our deposits.   Yes, because CODI is a 12-month rolling average and it takes time before the index is able to reflect, or “catch up” with, a change in market rates.   Yes, because the portfolio of liabilities comprising COFI do not all reprice immediately or fully to changes in market rates. Historically, this lag has been largely offset by a similar repricing lag on our deposits.

Several dynamics affect our ability to achieve our desired matching of COSI and COFI loans with deposits and CODI loans with LIBOR-based borrowings, including:

 

    the relative values of our ARM indexes, which directly affect the index chosen by borrowers;

 

    the relative volumes of loan originations and repayments, which can alter the index mix of loans in the portfolio; and

 

    the volume of deposits we attract, which is influenced by competition and investment alternatives, and which directly affects the amount of LIBOR-based borrowings we must use to fund the ARM portfolio.

In the first quarter of 2006, COSI ARMs increased at a faster pace than our deposits, resulting in LIBOR-based borrowings being used to fund some COSI ARMs.

 

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Primary Spread Influences. As discussed above, market interest rate movements are the most significant factor that affects our primary spread. The primary spread is also influenced by:

 

    the shape of the yield curve (the difference between short-term and long-term interest rates) and competition in the home lending market, both of which influence the pricing of our adjustable and fixed-rate mortgage products;

 

    the prices that we pay for our borrowings;

 

    loan prepayment rates, which can influence the yield on our mortgage portfolio, for example when ARMs with higher yields pay off and are replaced by ARMs with lower yields; and

 

    loan customer retention efforts which can result in changes to the pricing or terms of some of the Company’s mortgages.

The table below shows the primary spread, and its main components, at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005.

TABLE 18

Yield on Interest-Earning Assets, Cost of Funds, and Primary Spread

 

     March 31
2006
    December 31
2005
    March 31
2005
 

Yield on loan portfolio and MBS

   6.71 %   6.37 %   5.25 %

Yield on investments

   4.91     4.11     2.90  
                  

Yield on interest-earning assets

   6.69     6.35     5.22  
                  

Cost of deposits

   3.56     3.24     2.39  

Cost of borrowings

   4.78     4.37     2.89  
                  

Cost of funds

   4.14     3.78     2.62  
                  

Primary spread

   2.55 %   2.57 %   2.60 %
                  

During 2005, the Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee raised the Federal Funds rate, a key short-term interest rate, eight times, bringing the rate up to 4.25% at December 31, 2005 as compared to 2.25% at December 31, 2004. During the first three months of 2006, the Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee raised the Federal Funds rate two times, bringing the rate up to 4.75% at March 31, 2006. As a consequence, our cost of funds, which is related primarily to the level of short-term market interest rates, also increased. At the same time, the yield on our earning assets responded more slowly due to the ARM index lags described above.

In addition to the impact of rising short-term interest rates, our primary spread was also influenced by several other factors in the first quarter of 2006, including:

 

    LIBOR-based borrowings funded a portion of our COSI ARM portfolio that, on the whole, had a lower yield than our CODI ARM portfolio;

 

    higher yielding ARMs paid off and were replaced by ARMs with lower yields; and

 

    the terms of some borrowers’ loans were temporarily modified to lower rates in order to retain these loans.

If these trends continue during 2006, we would expect continued pressure on the primary spread.

 

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The following table shows the average primary spread by quarter.

TABLE 19

Average Primary Spread

 

     For the Quarter Ended  
     Mar. 31
2006
    Dec. 31
2005
    Sep. 30
2005
    Jun. 30
2005
    Mar. 31
2005
 

Average primary spread

   2.57 %   2.61 %   2.66 %   2.62 %   2.65 %
                              

For the five years ended March 31, 2006, which included periods of both falling and rising interest rates, our primary spread averaged 2.94%.

Repricing Gap. Mortgage portfolio lenders often provide a table with information about the “repricing gap,” which is the difference between the repricing of assets and liabilities. The following gap table shows the volume of assets and liabilities that reprice within certain time periods as of March 31, 2006, as well as the repricing gap and the cumulative repricing gap as a percentage of assets.

TABLE 20

Repricing of Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities,

Repricing Gaps, and Gap Ratios

As of March 31, 2006

(Dollars in millions)

 

     Projected Repricing(a)
     0 – 3
Months
    4 – 12
Months
    1 - 5
Years
    Over 5
Years
    Total

Earning Assets:

          

Investments

   $ 1,939     $ -0-     $ -0-     $ -0-     $ 1,939

MBS:

          

Adjustable rate

     1,054       -0-       -0-       -0-       1,054

Fixed-rate

     15       34       156       147       352

Loans receivable:

          

Adjustable rate

     117,754       1,224       898       -0-       119,876

Fixed-rate held for investment

     84       177       383       237       881

Fixed-rate held for sale

     136       -0-       -0-       -0-       136

Other(b)

     1,977       -0-       -0-       136       2,113
                                      

Total

   $ 122,959     $ 1,435     $ 1,437     $ 520     $ 126,351
                                      

Interest-Bearing Liabilities:

          

Deposits(c)

   $ 33,381     $ 25,737     $ 2,464     $ 1     $ 61,583

FHLB advances

     37,235       86       685       503       38,509

Other borrowings

     14,021       300       2,136       495       16,952

Impact of interest rate swaps

     1,900       -0-       (1,900 )     -0-       -0-
                                      

Total

   $ 86,537     $ 26,123     $ 3,385     $ 999     $ 117,044
                                      

Repricing gap

   $ 36,422     $ (24,688 )   $ (1,948 )   $ (479 )   $ 9,307
                                      

Cumulative gap

   $ 36,422     $ 11,734     $ 9,786     $ 9,307    
                                  

Cumulative gap as a percentage of total assets

     28.6 %     9.2 %     7.7 %    
                            

 

(a) Based on scheduled maturity or scheduled repricing; loans and MBS reflect scheduled amortization and projected prepayments of principal based on current rates of prepayment.

 

(b) Includes primarily cash in banks and FHLB stock.

 

(c) Deposits with no maturity date, such as checking, passbook, and money market deposit accounts, are assigned zero months.

 

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If all repricing assets and liabilities responded equally to changes in the interest rate environment, then the gap analysis would suggest that our earnings would rise when interest rates increase and would fall when interest rates decrease. However, as discussed above, the Company’s experience has been that the timing lags in our indexes tend to cause the rates on our liabilities to change more quickly than the yield on our assets.

Interest Rate Swaps

We manage interest rate risk principally through the operation of our business. On occasion, however, we do enter into derivative contracts, particularly interest rate swaps. As of March 31, 2006, we had three interest rate swaps that were used to effectively convert payments on WSB’s fixed-rate senior debt to floating-rate payments. These interest rate swaps were designated as fair value hedges and qualified for what is called the shortcut method of hedge accounting. Because the swaps qualify for the shortcut method, an ongoing assessment of hedge effectiveness is not required, and the change in fair value of the hedged item is deemed to be equal to the change in the fair value of the interest rate swap. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of these swaps had no impact on the Consolidated Statement of Net Earnings. We do not hold any derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

The following table illustrates as of March 31, 2006, the maturities and weighted average rates for the interest rate swaps and the hedged fixed-rate senior debt.

Table 21

Maturities and Fair Value of the Interest Rate Swaps and the Related Hedged Senior Debt

As of March 31, 2006

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Expected Maturity Date as of March 31, 2006  
     2008     2009     Total
Balance
    Fair
Value
 

Hedged Fixed-Rate Senior Debt

        

Contractual maturity

   $ 700,000     $ 1,200,000     $ 1,900,000     $ 1,836,694  

Weighted average interest rate

     4.27 %     4.39 %     4.34 %  

Swap Contracts

         $ (56,380 )

Weighted average interest rate paid

     4.76 %     4.87 %     4.83 %  

Weighted average interest rate received

     4.15 %     4.19 %     4.18 %  

The net effect of these transactions was that the Company effectively converted fixed-rate senior debt to floating-rate senior debt with a weighted average interest rate of 5.00% at March 31, 2006. The range of floating interest rates paid on swap contracts in the first three months of 2006 was 4.48% to 4.98%. The range of fixed interest rates received on swap contracts in the first three months of 2006 was 4.09% to 4.39%.

Management of Credit Risk

Credit risk refers to the risk of loss if a borrower fails to perform under the terms of a mortgage loan and the realized value upon the sale of the underlying collateral is not sufficient to cover the loan amount and the costs of foreclosure and sale.

Among the steps we take to manage credit risk are the following:

 

    emphasizing high-quality loans on moderately priced properties;

 

    manually underwriting each loan we originate;

 

    using internal appraisal staff to appraise most properties we lend on, and having our internal appraisal staff review each external appraisal before underwriting decisions are made;

 

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    limiting the amount we will lend relative to a property’s original appraised value;

 

    maintaining mortgage insurance and pool mortgage insurance coverage to reduce the potential credit risk of most loans with an original loan-to-value (LTV) or combined loan-to-value (CLTV) over 80%; and

 

    closely monitoring the loan portfolio and taking early steps to protect our interests.

Our objective is to minimize nonperforming assets to limit losses and thereby maintain high profitability. Our business strategy does not involve assuming additional credit risk in the portfolio in order to be able to charge higher prices to consumers.

Underwriting and Appraisal Processes

Our underwriting process evaluates the creditworthiness of potential borrowers based primarily on credit history and an evaluation of the potential borrower’s ability to repay the loan. When evaluating a borrower’s ability to pay, we assess the ability to make fully amortizing monthly payments, even if the borrower has the option to make a lower initial monthly payment. In our underwriting decisions, we also evaluate the characteristics of the property and the loan transaction, including whether the borrower is purchasing or refinancing the property and will occupy the property. We use systems developed internally based on decades of experience evaluating credit risk. Although we use credit scores and technological tools to help with underwriting evaluations, our trained underwriting personnel review each file and analyze a wide range of relevant factors when making final judgments. Higher-level approvals within the underwriting organization are obtained when circumstances warrant.

We appraise the property that secures the loan by assessing its market value and marketability. We maintain an internal staff to conduct and review property appraisals. Any external appraisers we use for loans that we originate and retain in portfolio are required to go through a training program with us, and each external appraisal is reviewed by our internal appraisal staff. We do not rely on any external automated valuation models (AVMs) in our appraisal process.

Our underwriting and appraisal processes are separate from our loan origination process to assure independence and accountability. The underwriting and appraisal processes that we use for loans originated for sale may differ from that described above due to the purchaser’s specific standards and system requirements.

Lending on Moderately Priced Properties

In our originations, we focus on high-quality loans on moderately priced properties because these properties tend to hold their values better than high-priced properties, particularly in weak housing markets. We do not emphasize lending on higher-priced properties because of concerns about greater price volatility and the larger potential loss if these loans do not perform. Although we originate a high volume of loans in California, we do virtually no lending in the more volatile high-priced end of the California real estate market. We have adopted this strategy in an effort to minimize our credit risk exposure if adverse conditions were to occur in California. The average loan size for our California one- to four-family first mortgage originations for the first three months of 2006 was approximately $355 thousand compared to $315 thousand for the same period in 2005.

Loan-to-Value Ratio and Use of Mortgage Insurance

The loan-to-value ratio, or LTV, is the loan balance of a first mortgage expressed as a percentage of the appraised value of the property at the time of origination. A combined loan-to-value, or CLTV, refers to the sum of the first and second mortgage loan balances as a percentage of the total appraised value at the time of origination. When we discuss LTVs below, we are referring to cases when our borrower obtained only a first mortgage from us at origination. When we discuss CLTVs below, we are referring to cases when our borrower obtained both a first mortgage and a second mortgage from us. The second mortgage may be either a fixed-rate loan or an ELOC.

 

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The table below shows that we focus our lending activity on loans that have original LTVs or CLTVs at or below 80%, and that few originations have LTVs or CLTVs greater than 90%. Historically, loans with LTVs or CLTVs at or below 80% at origination have resulted in lower losses compared to loans originated with LTVs or CLTVs above 80%.

The table also provides information about our use of primary mortgage insurance and pool mortgage insurance, which reduces the potential credit risk with respect to new loans with LTVs or CLTVs over 80%. We use primary mortgage insurance on some first mortgage loans to reimburse us for losses up to a specified percentage per loan, thereby reducing the effective LTV to below 80%. Less than 1% of our 2006 and 2005 first mortgage originations with LTVs above 80% did not have mortgage insurance, and most of these uninsured loans had original LTVs below 85%. We carry pool mortgage insurance on most ELOCs and most fixed-rate seconds held for investment when the CLTV exceeds 80% at origination. For ELOCs the cumulative losses covered by this pool mortgage insurance are limited to 10% or 20% of the aggregate of the highest balance of each loan originally in the pool. For fixed-rate seconds the cumulative losses covered by this pool mortgage insurance are limited to 10% or 20% of the original balance of each insured pool. As loans in a pool pay off, the effective coverage for the remaining loans in the pool may exceed 10% or 20%.

 

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TABLE 22

Mortgage Originations by

LTV or CLTV Bands

(Dollars in Millions)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31  
     2006     2005  
     $
Volume
   % of
Total
    $
Volume
   % of
Total
 

First mortgage LTVs:

          

At or below 80.00%:

          

60.00% or less

   $ 1,950    16.9 %   $ 1,839    16.5 %

60.01% to 70.00%

     2,809    24.3       2,727    24.4  

70.01% to 80.00%

     5,615    48.5       5,724    51.2  
                          

Subtotal

     10,374    89.7       10,290    92.1  
                          

80.01% to 85.00%:

          

With mortgage insurance

     1    .0       1    .0  

With no mortgage insurance

     65    .6       27    .3  
                          

Subtotal

     66    .6       28    .3  
                          

85.01% to 90.00%:

          

With mortgage insurance

     2    .0       3    .0  

With no mortgage insurance

     0    .0       0    .0  
                          

Subtotal

     2    .0       3    .0  
                          

Greater than 90.00%:

          

With mortgage insurance

     2    .0       5    .0  

With no mortgage insurance

     0    .0       0    .0  
                          

Subtotal

     2    .0       5    .0  
                          

Total first mortgage LTVs

     10,444    90.3       10,326    92.4  
                          

First and second mortgage CLTVs: (a)

          

At or below 80.00%:

          

60.00% or less

     203    1.8       101    .9  

60.01% to 70.00%

     136    1.2       83    .8  

70.01% to 80.00%

     144    1.2       81    .7  
                          

Subtotal

     483    4.2       265    2.4  
                          

80.01% to 85.00%:

          

With pool insurance on seconds

     78    .7       70    .6  

With no pool insurance

     0    .0       0    .0  
                          

Subtotal

     78    .7       70    .6  
                          

85.01% to 90.00%:

          

With pool insurance on seconds

     539    4.6       510    4.6  

With no pool insurance

     1    .0       2    .0  
                          

Subtotal

     540    4.6       512    4.6  
                          

Greater than 90.00%:

          

With pool insurance on seconds

     21    .2       2    .0  

With no pool insurance

     0    .0       0    .0  
                          

Subtotal

     21    .2       2    .0  
                          

Total first and second CLTVs

     1,122    9.7       849    7.6  
                          

Total originations by LTV & CLTV bands

   $ 11,566    100.0 %   $ 11,175    100.0 %
                          

 

(a) The CLTV calculation excludes any unused portion of a line of credit.

 

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The table below provides additional LTV and CLTV detail about our portfolio. Most of the loans in our mortgage portfolio have LTVs or CLTVs at or below 80%, and we have only a small number of loans with LTVs or CLTVs above 90%. Most first mortgage loans with LTVs above 90% have primary mortgage insurance. The table also shows that we generally maintain pool insurance for first and second loans with CLTVs above 80%, and that the limited balance of loans with CLTVs above 90% are almost all insured. Most of the uninsured first mortgages with LTVs between 80.01% and 85% were originated with LTVs at or below 80% and subsequently increased above 80% due to deferred interest; at March 31, 2006, the weighted average LTV of these loans was 80.9%. At March 31, 2006 and 2005, the aggregate average of LTVs and CLTVs on the loans in portfolio was 68%.

The LTV and CLTV calculations that we provide generally do not take into account any changes in property values since the time of origination, even if market data suggests that properties have appreciated in value. We recognize the limitations of this approach, but we use this convention because bank regulators historically have preferred original values for reporting purposes. Although the denominator of the LTV or CLTV calculation generally remains fixed, the numerator does change over time, and could increase beyond the original loan balance if borrowers incur deferred interest or decrease below the original loan balance if borrowers amortize or pay down the principal on their loans.

 

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TABLE 23

Mortgage Portfolio Balance by

LTV or CLTV Bands (a)

(Dollars in Millions)

 

     March 31, 2006     December 31, 2005     March 31, 2005  
     Balance    % of
Total
    Balance    % of
Total
    Balance    % of
Total
 

First mortgage LTVs:

               

At or below 80.00%:

               

60.00% or less

   $ 22,156    18.4 %   $ 21,786    18.6 %   $ 19,869    18.8 %

60.01% to 70.00%

     23,334    19.4       23,234    19.8       22,129    21.0  

70.01% to 80.00%

     40,535    33.7       40,549    34.5       39,208    37.1  
                                       

Subtotal

     86,025    71.5       85,569    72.9       81,206    76.9  
                                       

80.01% to 85.00%:

               

With mortgage insurance

     67    .1       71    .1       78    .1  

With no mortgage insurance

     14,936    12.4       13,072    11.1       6,688    6.3  
                                       

Subtotal

     15,003    12.5       13,143    11.2       6,766    6.4  
                                       

85.01% to 90.00%:

               

With mortgage insurance

     169    .2       171    .2       173    .2  

With no mortgage insurance

     26    .0       25    .0       23    .0  
                                       

Subtotal

     195    .2       196    .2       196    .2  
                                       

Greater than 90.00%:

               

With mortgage insurance

     95    .1       114    .1       186    .2  

With no mortgage insurance

     24    .0       23    .0       29    .0  
                                       

Subtotal

     119    .1       137    .1       215    .2  
                                       

Total first mortgage LTVs

     101,342    84.3       99,045    84.4       88,383    83.7  
                                       

First and second mortgage CLTVs: (b)

               

At or below 80.00%:

               

60.00% or less

     4,821    4.0       4,569    3.9       3,593    3.4  

60.01% to 70.00%

     3,520    2.9       3,390    2.9       2,981    2.8  

70.01% to 80.00%

     4,323    3.6       4,214    3.6       4,135    3.9  
                                       

Subtotal

     12,664    10.5       12,173    10.4       10,709    10.1  
                                       

80.01% to 85.00%:

               

With pool insurance on seconds

     778    .7       795    .7       967    .9  

With no pool insurance

     536    .4       423    .3       308    .3  
                                       

Subtotal

     1,314    1.1       1,218    1.0       1,275    1.2  
                                       

85.01% to 90.00%:

               

With pool insurance on seconds

     2,550    2.1       2,782    2.4       4,192    4.0  

With no pool insurance

     15    .0       14    .0       25    .0  
                                       

Subtotal

     2,565    2.1       2,796    2.4       4,217    4.0  
                                       

Greater than 90.00%:

               

With pool insurance on seconds

     2,378    2.0       2,123    1.8       978    1.0  

With no pool insurance

     11    .0       11    .0       16    .0  
                                       

Subtotal

     2,389    2.0       2,134    1.8       994    1.0  
                                       

Total first and second CLTVs

     18,932    15.7       18,321    15.6       17,195    16.3  
                                       

Total portfolio by LTV and CLTV bands (c)

   $ 120,274    100.0 %   $ 117,366    100.0 %   $ 105,578    100.0 %
                                       

 

(a) The mortgage portfolio balances include deferred interest.

 

(b) The CLTV calculation excludes any unused portion of a line of credit.

 

(c) The total portfolio figures exclude loans on deposits, loans in process, net deferred loan costs, allowance for loans losses, and other miscellaneous premiums and discounts.

We believe that by emphasizing original LTVs below 80%, minimizing loans with LTVs and CLTVs above 90%, and insuring most loans with original LTVs or CLTVs above 80%, we have helped to mitigate our exposure to a disruption in the real estate market that could cause property values to decline. Nonetheless, it is

 

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reasonable to expect that a significant decline in the values of residential real estate could result in increased rates of delinquencies, foreclosures, and losses.

Close Monitoring of the Loan Portfolio

In addition to the steps we take to manage credit risk when loans are first originated, we also actively monitor our loan portfolio. In doing so, our objective is to detect any credit risk issues early so we can mitigate risks in the portfolio and also can revise terms for new originations. For example, we do the following:

 

    conduct periodic loan reviews;

 

    analyze market trends in lending territories and appropriately adjust loan terms, such as required original LTV or CLTV ratios;

 

    review loans that become nonperforming assets to evaluate if there were detectable signs we should incorporate into the training of underwriting and appraisal staff;

 

    identify segments of the portfolio that might have more vulnerability to credit risk, either because of geography, LTV or CLTV ratio, credit score, or a combination of these and other factors; and

 

    work with customers who may present potential risks, either now or in the future, and offer them counseling or other programs to try to reduce the potential for future problems.

As a risk-averse portfolio lender, we closely monitor and analyze many factors that could impact the credit risk of individual loans or segments of loans in the portfolio. One of these factors is deferred interest, which has received recent industry-wide attention largely because new participants in the option ARM market have been originating a greater volume of loans that can incur deferred interest.

We have 25 years of experience managing a portfolio of loans structured to allow borrowers to incur deferred interest. Our experience suggests that deferred interest is principally a loan-by-loan credit issue. We believe that much of the deferred interest in our portfolio is on loans with limited credit risk. A loan may have limited credit risk for one or more reasons, including the following:

 

    the loan had a low original LTV or CLTV;

 

    the property value appreciated, resulting in a low current LTV or CLTV;

 

    the borrower’s payment is at or near the fully-indexed rate;

 

    the borrower has a strong credit history or substantial assets;

 

    the loan has a limited amount of deferred interest;

 

    the borrower periodically pays down a deferred interest balance; or

 

    the loan is covered by mortgage or pool insurance.

In addition, as discussed above under “The Loan Portfolio – Structural Features of our ARMs,” we have structured our loans to try to reduce the potential credit risk that might result from a significant early increase in a borrower’s payment. In particular, most of our loans are scheduled to have a payment change without respect to any annual limit in order to reamortize the loan over its remaining life at the end of the tenth year or when the loan balance reaches 125% of the original amount. We term this reamortization a “recast.” Historically, most loans in our portfolio have paid off before the loan’s payment is recast.

The following table shows the amount of deferred interest in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2006 by LTV and CLTV and year of origination. The table shows that much of the deferred interest in the portfolio is in loans that we believe have limited credit risk, such as loans with LTVs or CLTVs at or below 80%. Based on published industry data, we also believe many of the properties securing the loans we originated prior to 2005 have experienced price appreciation.

 

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TABLE 24

Deferred Interest in the Loan Portfolio

by LTV/CLTV Bands and Year of Origination

As of March 31, 2006

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

     Year of Origination (a)
     2006    2005    2004    2003 and
Prior
   Total

Deferred interest balance by LTV/CLTV (b)

              

At or below 80.00%

              

60.00% or less

   $ 1,117    $ 38,998    $ 34,153    $ 11,776    $ 86,044

60.01% to 70.00%

     1,581      54,831      44,953      12,875      114,240

70.01% to 80.00%

     2,865      123,681      104,698      29,229      260,473
                                  

Subtotal

     5,563      217,510      183,804      53,880      460,757
                                  

80.01% to 85.00%

     1,748      87,156      72,219      16,577      177,700

85.01% to 90.00%

     85      3,724      3,538      1,387      8,734

Greater than 90.00% (c)

     158      9,439      7,208      1,719      18,524
                                  

Total deferred interest

   $ 7,554    $ 317,829    $ 266,769    $ 73,563    $ 665,715
                                  

 

(a) The first lien’s origination year is used in this table if a second lien has a different origination year from the associated first lien.

 

(b) First mortgage LTVs and first and second mortgage CLTVs are both included in this table. These calculations rarely take into account any changes in property value since the time of origination.

 

(c) Approximately 99% of this deferred interest is on loans covered by primary mortgage or pool insurance.

The aggregate amount of deferred interest in the loan portfolio amounted to $666 million, $449 million, and $90 million at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, respectively. Deferred interest amounted to less than .55% of the total loan portfolio on those dates. Deferred interest levels increased primarily because the balance of ARM loans in our portfolio increased by $44 billion since 2003, the indexes on our ARMs increased, the minimum payment on most new and many existing loans was less than the interest due, and many borrowers made monthly payments that were lower than the amount of interest due. We do not believe the aggregate amount of deferred interest in the portfolio is a principal indicator of credit risk exposure. Nonetheless, we carefully monitor the payment behavior and performance of all loans with deferred interest.

Based on our 25-year track record with ARM loans that have the potential for deferred interest, together with our underwriting and appraisal processes, we believe we can manage incremental credit risk that may be associated with loans with deferred interest. We continually analyze the portfolio and market trends to try to detect issues early enough so we can minimize future credit losses. As short-term interest rates have risen, we increased the minimum payment allowable on many of our new originations because the discount between the minimum payment and the fully-indexed payment affects the amount of deferred interest loans incur and could affect the loans’ potential credit risk.

Asset Quality

An important measure of the soundness of our loan and MBS portfolio is the ratio of nonperforming assets (NPAs) and troubled debt restructured (TDRs) to total assets. Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans (that is, loans, including loans securitized into MBS with recourse, that are 90 days or more past due) and real estate acquired through foreclosure. No interest is recognized on nonaccrual loans. TDRs are made up of loans on which delinquent payments have been capitalized or on which temporary interest rate reductions have been made, primarily to customers impacted by adverse economic conditions.

 

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Our credit risk management practices have enabled us to have low NPAs and TDRs throughout our history. However, even by our standards, NPAs and TDRs have been unusually low in recent years. Although we believe that our lending practices have historically been the primary contributor to our low NPAs and TDRs, the sustained period of low interest rates and rapid home price appreciation during the past several years contributed to the low level of NPAs and TDRs. It is unlikely that such historically low levels of NPAs and TDRs will continue indefinitely. As the table below shows, there has been an increase in NPAs during the past year.

The following table sets forth the components of our NPAs and TDRs and the various ratios to total assets at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005.

TABLE 25

Nonperforming Assets and Troubled Debt Restructured

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     March 31
2006
    December 31
2005
    March 31
2005
 

Nonaccrual loans

   $ 426,480     $ 373,671     $ 342,394  

Foreclosed real estate

     10,408       8,682       10,840  
                        

Total nonperforming assets

   $ 436,888     $ 382,353     $ 353,234  
                        

TDRs

   $ 123     $ 124     $ 3,121  
                        

Ratio of NPAs to total assets

     .34 %     .31 %     .31 %
                        

Ratio of TDRs to total assets

     .00 %     .00 %     .00 %
                        

Ratio of NPAs and TDRs to total assets

     .34 %     .31 %     .32 %
                        

 

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The following tables set forth the components of our NPAs for Northern and Southern California and for all states with more than 2% of the total loan balance at March 31, 2006.

TABLE 26

Nonperforming Assets by State

March 31, 2006

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Nonaccrual Loans(a) (b)   

Foreclosed

Real Estate (FRE)

      
     Residential
Real Estate
   Commercial
Real
   Residential
Real Estate
   Total    NPAs as
a% of
 

State

   1 – 4    5+    Estate    1 - 4    5+    NPAs    Loans  

Northern California

   $ 113,670    $ -0-    $ -0-    $ -0-    $ -0-    $ 113,670    .28 %

Southern California

     68,991      257      45      334      -0-      69,627    .21  
                                                
     182,661      257      45      334      -0-      183,297    .25  

Florida

     23,615      -0-      -0-      310      -0-      23,925    .27  

New Jersey

     23,904      -0-      -0-      71      -0-      23,975    .43  

Texas

     40,684      -0-      -0-      6,260      -0-      46,944    1.38  

Illinois

     18,925      160      -0-      96      -0-      19,181    .65  

Virginia

     3,261      -0-      -0-      -0-      -0-      3,261    .12  

Washington

     11,678      -0-      -0-      -0-      -0-      11,678    .46  

Arizona

     2,399      -0-      -0-      -0-      -0-      2,399    .10  

Other states(c)

     116,837      2,054      -0-      3,337      -0-      122,228    .68  
                                                

Totals

   $ 423,964    $ 2,471    $ 45    $ 10,408    $ -0-    $ 436,888    .36 %
                                                

 

(a) Nonaccrual loans are loans that are 90 days or more past due and interest is not recognized on these loans.

 

(b) The balances include loans that were securitized into MBS with recourse.

 

(c) Each state included in Other states has a total loan balance that is less than 2% of total loans at March 31, 2006.

TABLE 27

Nonperforming Assets by State

March 31, 2005

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Nonaccrual Loans(a) (b)    FRE            
    

Residential

Real Estate

  

Commercial

Real

  

Residential

Real Estate

   Total   

NPAs as

a % of

 

State

   1 – 4    5+    Estate    1 - 4    5+    NPAs    Loans  

Northern California

   $ 95,867    $ -0-    $ -0-    $ 907    $ -0-    $ 96,774    .26 %

Southern California

     49,677      47      104      -0-      -0-      49,828    .17  
                                                
     145,544      47      104      907      -0-      146,602    .22  

Florida

     23,845      -0-      -0-      -0-      -0-      23,845    .37  

New Jersey

     20,083      -0-      -0-      101      -0-      20,184    .43  

Texas

     37,877      -0-      -0-      5,221      -0-      43,098    1.27  

Illinois

     14,801      -0-      -0-      129      -0-      14,930    .54  

Virginia

     1,523      -0-      -0-      -0-      -0-      1,523    .07  

Washington

     10,171      -0-      -0-      -0-      -0-      10,171    .43  

Arizona

     4,030      -0-      -0-      -0-      -0-      4,030    .24  

Other states(c)

     84,176      193      -0-      4,482      -0-      88,851    .56  
                                                

Totals

   $ 342,050    $ 240    $ 104    $ 10,840    $ -0-    $ 353,234    .33 %
                                                

 

(a) Nonaccrual loans are loans that are 90 days or more past due and interest is not recognized on these loans.

 

(b) The balances include loans that were securitized into MBS with recourse.

 

(c) Each state included in Other states has a total loan balance that is less than 2% of total loans at March 31, 2006.

The low balance of NPAs at March 31, 2006, although still indicative of a strong economy, increased from March 31, 2005, reflecting both the growth of the loan portfolio and some initial signs of moderation in various housing markets. In particular, rising interest rates in general and high home prices in some regions have somewhat reduced demand for home purchases, leading to lower rates of home value appreciation in some markets and flat to declining prices in others. Should demand continue to weaken, we could see further increases in our level of NPAs. Relatively high levels of NPAs persist in Texas due to weakness in certain residential

 

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lending markets. Other states included in the March 31, 2006 table above with ratios of NPAs as a percentage of loans over 1.00% were Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Carolina. The aggregate amount of NPAs in those states was $48 million or 1.55% of total outstanding loans in those states at March 31, 2006. We closely monitor all delinquencies and take appropriate steps to protect our interests. Interest foregone on nonaccrual loans (loans 90 days or more past due) amounted to $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared to $1.3 million for the first quarter of 2005.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses reflects our estimate of the probable credit losses inherent in the loans receivable balance. Each quarter we review the allowance. Additions to or reductions from the allowance are reflected in the provision for loan losses in current earnings.

In order to evaluate the adequacy of the allowance, we determine an allocated component and an unallocated component. The allocated component consists of reserves on loans that we evaluate on a pool basis, primarily our large portfolio of one-to four-family loans, as well as loans that we evaluate on an individual basis, such as major multi-family and commercial real estate loans. However, the entire allowance is available to absorb credit losses inherent in the total loan receivable balance.

To evaluate the adequacy of the reserves for pooled loans, we use a model that is based on our historical repayment rates, foreclosure rates, and loss experience over multiple business cycles. Data for the model is gathered using an internal database that identifies and measures losses on loans and foreclosed real estate broken down by age of the loan. To evaluate the adequacy of reserves on individually evaluated loans, we measure impairment based on the fair value of the collateral taking into consideration the estimated sale price, cost of refurbishing the security property, payment of delinquent property taxes, and costs of disposal.

We have also established an unallocated component to address the imprecision and range of probable outcomes inherent in our estimates of credit losses. The amount of the unallocated reserve takes into consideration many factors, including trends in economic growth, unemployment, housing market activity, home prices for the nation and individual geographic regions, and the level of mortgage turnover. The ratios of allocated allowance and unallocated allowance to total allowance may change from period to period.

 

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The table below shows the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 28

Changes in Allowance for Loan Losses

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31
 
     2006     2005  

Beginning allowance for loan losses

   $ 295,859     $ 290,110  

Provision for losses

     4,293       884  

Loans charged off

     (1,411 )     (1,226 )

Recoveries

     1,224       424  
                

Ending allowance for loan losses

   $ 299,965     $ 290,192  
                

Annualized ratio of provision for loan losses to average loans receivable and MBS with recourse held to maturity

     .01 %     .00 %
                

Annualized ratio of net chargeoffs to average loans receivable and MBS with recourse held to maturity

     .00 %     .00 %
                

Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans held for investment and MBS with recourse held to maturity

     .25 %     .27 %
                

Ratio of allowance for loan losses to NPAs

     68.7 %     82.2 %
                

The provision for loan losses reflected the increase in nonperforming assets.

Management of Other Risks

We manage other risks that are common to companies in other industries, including operational, regulatory, and management risk.

Operational Risk

Operational risk refers to the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed processes or systems, human factors, or external events. These events could result in financial losses and other negative consequences, including reputational harm.

We mitigate operational risk in a variety of ways, including the following:

 

    we promote a corporate culture focused on high ethical conduct, superior customer service, and continual process and productivity improvements;

 

    we focus our efforts on a single line of business;

 

    our management and Board of Directors generally have long tenures with the Company, giving us the benefit of experience and institutional memory in managing through business cycles and addressing other strategic issues;

 

    our business managers have the responsibility for adopting and monitoring appropriate controls for their business units, both under long-standing banking regulations and Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;

 

    we have maintained an Internal Audit Department for decades that regularly audits our business, including operational controls and information security; the Internal Audit Department reports directly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, all of the members of which are independent directors under the New York Stock Exchange’s corporate governance standards;

 

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    we maintain strong relationships and open dialogue with our regulators, who regularly conduct evaluations of our operations and controls;

 

    our management has regular discussions with rating agencies that routinely evaluate our creditworthiness;

 

    our business managers and other employees, as well as internal and external legal counsel and auditors, understand they are expected to communicate any material issues not otherwise properly addressed promptly to senior management and, if appropriate, the Board of Directors or a committee thereof;

 

    we monitor the strength and reputations of our counterparties;

 

    we perform as many of the business functions and operations internally as economically feasible to retain control of our operations;

 

    we have and enforce codes of conduct and ethics for employees, officers, and directors; and

 

    we have insurance and contingency plans in place in case of enterprise-wide business interruption.

Although these actions cannot fully protect us from all operational risks, we believe that they do help protect us from many adverse events and also reduce the severity of issues that might arise.

Regulatory Risk

By regulatory risk, we mean the risk that laws or regulations could change in a manner that adversely affects our business. This is a risk that is largely outside our control, although we participate in and monitor legal, regulatory, and judicial developments that could impact our business. Among the issues that have received attention recently include:

 

    laws and regulations that impact lending, deposit, and mutual fund activities;

 

    rules that affect the amount of regulatory capital that banks and other types of financial institutions are required to maintain;

 

    changes to the regulation of the housing government sponsored enterprises, including the Federal Home Loan Banks; and

 

    federal and state privacy laws and regulations that impact how customer information can be used.

We continue to work with policymakers, trade groups, and others to try to ensure that any legal or regulatory developments reflect sound public policy and do not uniquely and adversely affect us.

Management Risk

Management risk is mitigated by having well-trained and experienced employees in key positions who can assume management roles in both the immediate and longer-term future. In addition, senior management meets at least twice a year with the Board of Directors in executive sessions to discuss recommendations and evaluations of potential successors to key members of management, along with a review of any development plans that are recommended for such individuals.

 

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table summarizes selected income statement results for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 29

Selected Financial Results

(Dollars in thousands)

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31

 
     2006     2005  

Interest income

   $ 2,019,385     $ 1,364,294  

Interest expense

     1,136,319       606,921  
                

Net interest income

     883,066       757,373  

Provision for loan losses

     4,293       884  

Noninterest income

     36,584       29,804  

General and administrative expenses

     271,287       224,239  

Taxes on income

     253,124       213,804  
                

Net earnings

   $ 390,946     $ 348,250  
                

Average earning assets

   $ 124,364,450     $ 108,489,822  

Average primary spread

     2.57 %     2.65 %

Net Interest Income

The largest component of our revenue and earnings is net interest income, which is the difference between the interest and dividends earned on loans and other investments and the interest paid on customer deposits and borrowings. Long-term growth of our net interest income, and hence earnings, is related to the ability to expand the mortgage portfolio, our primary earning asset, by originating and retaining high-quality adjustable rate mortgages. In the short term, however, net interest income can be influenced by business conditions, especially movements in short-term interest rates and changes in the ARM index mix.

The 17% increase in net interest income in the first three months of 2006 compared with the prior year resulted primarily from the growth in the loan portfolio, our principal earning asset. Between March 31, 2006 and March 31, 2005, our earning asset balance increased by $15 billion or 13%. This growth resulted from strong mortgage originations which more than offset loan repayments and loan sales. Partially offsetting the benefit to net interest income of a larger average earning asset balance in the first quarter of 2006 was a decrease in our average primary spread, which is the monthly average of the month end difference between the yield on loans and other investments and the rate paid on deposits and borrowings. The primary spread is discussed under “Management of Interest Rate Risk - Asset/Liability Management.”

 

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TABLE 30

Average Daily Balances, Annualized Average Yield, and End of Period Yield

for Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31, 2006
    Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005
 
     Average
Daily
Balances(a)
   Annualized
Average
Yield
    End of
Period
Yield
    Average
Daily
Balances(a)
   Annualized
Average
Yield
    End of
Period
Yield
 

ASSETS

              

Loans receivable and MBS(b)

   $ 119,940,709    6.59 %   6.71 %   $ 104,311,027    5.13 %   5.25 %

Investments

     1,642,680    5.08     4.91 (c)     1,569,104    2.99     2.90 (c)

Invest. in capital stock of FHLBs

     1,868,596    4.82     n/a (d)     1,627,567    3.85     n/a (d)
                                      

Earning assets

   $ 123,451,985    6.54 %   6.69 %   $ 107,507,698    5.08 %   5.22 %
                                      

LIABILITIES

              

Deposits:

              

Checking accounts

   $ 4,678,119    1.72 %   1.69 %   $ 5,147,670    1.33 %   1.32 %

Savings accounts (e)

     13,356,946    2.29     2.44       28,086,093    1.92     1.91  

Term accounts

     42,648,932    3.90     4.10       20,466,834    2.86     3.02  
                                      

Total deposits

     60,683,997    3.38     3.56       53,700,597    2.22     2.39  

Advances from FHLBs

     38,285,504    4.49     4.75       35,072,030    2.55     2.83  

Reverse repurchases

     5,518,625    4.52     4.75       3,963,806    2.55     2.80  

Other borrowings (f)

     11,359,862    4.66     4.93       8,181,564    2.94     3.19  
                                      

Interest-bearing liabilities

   $ 115,847,988    3.92 %   4.14 %   $ 100,917,997    2.41 %   2.62 %
                                      

Average net yield

      2.62 %        2.67 %  
                          

Primary Spread

        2.55 %        2.60 %
                      

Net interest income

   $ 883,066        $ 757,373     
                      

Net yield on average earning assets (g)

      2.86 %        2.82 %  
                      

 

(a) Includes balances of assets and liabilities that were acquired and matured within the same month.

 

(b) Includes nonaccrual loans (loans that are 90 days or more past due).

 

(c) Freddie Mac stock pays dividends; no end of period interest yield applies.

 

(d) FHLB stock pays dividends; no end of period interest yield applies.

 

(e) Includes money market deposit accounts and passbook accounts.

 

(f) As of March 31, 2006, the Company had entered into three interest rate swaps to effectively convert certain fixed-rate debt to variable-rate debt. The effect of the interest rate swaps is reflected in the average yield and end of period yield.

 

(g) Net interest income divided by daily average of earning assets.

 

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Noninterest Income

Noninterest income for the first quarter of 2006 was comparable to the amount reported in the same period in 2005.

General and Administrative Expenses

G&A expenses increased by 21% in the first quarter of 2006 due primarily to the continued investment in resources, mainly personnel, to support future growth. In addition, as a result of adopting SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, the Company recognized $3.6 million of stock option expense in salary expense for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

G&A as a percentage of average assets (the “G&A ratio”) on an annualized basis was .86% for the first quarter of 2006 compared to .82% for the same period in 2005. The G&A ratio was higher in the first quarter of 2006 as compared to the same period in 2005 because average assets grew slower than the growth in G&A expense and because of the stock option expense recognized in 2006 as noted above. G&A as a percentage of net interest income plus noninterest income (the “efficiency ratio”) amounted to 29.50% for the first quarter of 2006 compared to 28.49% for the first quarter of 2005.

Taxes on Income

We utilize the accrual method of accounting for income tax purposes. Taxes as a percentage of earnings were 39.3% for the first quarter of 2006 compared to 38.0% for the comparable periods in 2005. From quarter to quarter, the effective tax rate may fluctuate due to various state tax matters, particularly changes in the volume of business activity in the various states in which we operate.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

Liquidity Management

The objective of our liquidity management is to ensure we have sufficient liquid resources to meet all our obligations in a timely and cost-effective manner under both normal operational conditions and periods of market stress. We monitor our liquidity position on a daily basis so that we have sufficient funds available to meet operating requirements, including supporting our lending and deposit activities and replacing maturing obligations. We also review our liquidity profile on a regular basis to ensure that the capital needs of Golden West and its bank subsidiaries are met and that we can maintain strong credit ratings.

The creation and maintenance of collateral is an important component of our liquidity management. Loans, securitized loans, and to a much smaller extent purchased MBS are available to be used as collateral for borrowings. Our objective is to maintain a sufficient supply and variety of collateral so that we have the flexibility to access different secured borrowings at any time. We regularly test ourselves against various scenarios to confirm that we would have more than sufficient collateral to meet borrowing needs under both current and adverse market conditions

The principal sources of funds for Golden West at the holding company level are dividends from subsidiaries, interest on investments, and the proceeds from the issuance of debt securities. Various statutory and regulatory restrictions and tax considerations limit the amount of dividends WSB can distribute to Golden West. The principal liquidity needs of Golden West are for the payment of interest and principal on debt securities, capital contributions to its insured bank subsidiary, dividends to stockholders, the repurchase of Golden West stock, and general and administrative expenses. At March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, Golden West’s total cash and investments amounted to $1.0 billion, $1.0 billion, and $846 million, respectively.

 

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WSB’s principal sources of funds are cash flows generated from loan repayments; deposits; borrowings from the FHLB of San Francisco; borrowings from its WTX subsidiary; bank notes; debt collateralized by mortgages, MBS, or securities; sales of loans; earnings; and borrowings from Golden West. In addition, WSB has other alternatives available to provide liquidity or finance operations including wholesale certificates of deposit, federal funds purchased, and additional borrowings from private and public offerings of debt. Furthermore, under certain conditions, WSB may borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco to meet short-term cash needs. As of March 31, 2006, WSB maintained approximately $9.9 billion of collateral with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco to expedite its ability to borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank if necessary.

Capital Management

Strong capital levels are important for the safe and sound operation of a financial institution. One of our key operating objectives is to maintain a strong capital position to support growth of our loan portfolio and provide substantial operating flexibility. Also, capital invested in earning assets enhances profit. Maintaining strong capital reserves also allows our bank subsidiaries to meet and exceed regulatory capital requirements and contributes to favorable credit ratings. As of March 31, 2006, WSB, our primary subsidiary, had credit ratings of Aa3 and AA-, respectively, from Moody’s Investors Service and Standard & Poor’s, the nation’s two leading credit evaluation agencies.

Stockholders’ Equity

Our stockholders’ equity amounted to $9.0 billion, $8.7 billion, and $7.6 billion at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, respectively. All of our stockholders’ equity is tangible common equity. Stockholders’ equity increased by $372 million during the first three months of 2006 as a result of net earnings partially offset by decreased market values of securities available for sale and by the payment of quarterly dividends to stockholders. Stockholders’ equity increased by $305 million during the first three months of 2005 as a result of net earnings partially offset by the decreased market values of securities available for sale and the payment of quarterly dividends to stockholders. Our stockholders’ equity to total asset ratio was 7.09%, 6.96%, and 6.73% at March 31, 2006, December 31, 2005, and March 31, 2005, respectively.

Uses of Capital

As in prior years, we retained most of our earnings in the first quarter of 2006. The 17% annualized growth in our net worth for the first three months of 2006 allowed us to support the substantial growth in our loan portfolio. Expanding the balance of our loans receivable is the first priority for use of our capital, because these earning assets generate the net interest income that is our largest source of revenue.

In September 2001, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 31,733,708 shares. Unless modified or revoked by the Board of Directors, the 2001 authorization does not expire. We did not purchase any shares of Golden West common stock in 2006. As of March 31, 2006, 17,671,358 shares remained available for purchase under the stock purchase program that our Board of Directors authorized. Earnings from WSB are expected to continue to be the major source of funding for the stock repurchase program. The repurchase of Golden West stock is not intended to have a material impact on the normal liquidity of the Company.

Regulatory Capital

Our bank subsidiaries, WSB and WTX, are subject to capital requirements described in detail in Note R to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Form 10-K. As of March 31, 2006, the date of the most recent report to the Office of Thrift Supervision, WSB and WTX were considered “well-capitalized,” the highest capital tier established by the OTS and other bank regulatory agencies. There are no conditions or events that have occurred since that date that we believe would have an impact on the “well-capitalized”

 

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categorization of WSB or WTX. These high capital levels qualify our bank subsidiaries for the minimum federal deposit insurance rates and enable our subsidiaries to minimize time-consuming and expensive regulatory burdens.

The following tables show WSB’s and WTX’s regulatory capital ratios and compare them to the OTS minimum requirements at March 31, 2006 and 2005.

TABLE 31

Regulatory Capital Ratios, Minimum Capital Requirements,

and Well-Capitalized Capital Requirements

March 31, 2006

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     ACTUAL     MINIMUM CAPITAL
REQUIREMENTS
    WELL-CAPITALIZED
CAPITAL
REQUIREMENTS
 
     Capital    Ratio     Capital    Ratio     Capital    Ratio  

WSB and Subsidiaries

               

Tangible

   $ 8,787,593    6.94 %   $ 1,899,313    1.50 %     —      —    

Tier 1 (core or leverage)

     8,787,593    6.94       5,064,834    4.00     $ 6,331,043    5.00 %

Tier 1 risk-based

     8,787,593    12.88       —      —         4,094,382    6.00  

Total risk-based

     9,079,164    13.30       5,459,176    8.00       6,823,971    10.00  

WTX

               

Tangible

   $ 755,627    5.67 %   $ 199,804    1.50 %     —      —    

Tier 1 (core or leverage)

     755,627    5.67       533,051    4.00     $ 666,314    5.00 %

Tier 1 risk-based

     755,627    24.63       —      —         184,038    6.00  

Total risk-based

     758,655    24.73       245,384    8.00       306,731    10.00  

TABLE 32

Regulatory Capital Ratios, Minimum Capital Requirements,

and Well-Capitalized Capital Requirements

March 31, 2005

(Dollars in thousands)

 

     ACTUAL     MINIMUM CAPITAL
REQUIREMENTS
    WELL-CAPITALIZED
CAPITAL
REQUIREMENTS
 
     Capital    Ratio     Capital    Ratio     Capital    Ratio  

WSB and Subsidiaries

               

Tangible

   $ 7,484,304    6.72 %   $ 1,671,672    1.50 %     —      —    

Tier 1 (core or leverage)

     7,484,304    6.72       4,457,793    4.00     $ 5,572,241    5.00 %

Tier 1 risk-based

     7,484,304    12.45       —      —         3,608,026    6.00  

Total risk-based

     7,773,330    12.93       4,810,702    8.00       6,013,377    10.00  

WTX

               

Tangible

   $ 692,751    5.42 %   $ 191,708    1.50 %     —      —    

Tier 1 (core or leverage)

     692,751    5.42       511,221    4.00     $ 639,026    5.00 %

Tier 1 risk-based

     692,751    24.08       —      —         172,604    6.00  

Total risk-based

     695,049    24.16       230,139    8.00       287,673    10.00  

 

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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Like other mortgage lenders and in the ordinary course of our business, we engage in financial transactions that are not recorded on the balance sheet. We also enter into certain contractual obligations. For additional information on off-balance sheet arrangements and other contractual obligations, see “Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations” in the Company’s 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND USES OF ESTIMATES

Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events, including interest rate levels and repayments. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements. Management reviews and approves our significant accounting policies on a quarterly basis and discusses them with the Audit Committee at least annually. The policy regarding the determination of our allowance for loan losses is our most critical accounting policy and is described in “Critical Accounting Policies and Uses of Estimates” and in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company’s 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In March 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets – an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (SFAS 156). This Statement amends SFAS 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities,” with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value, if practicable. It permits an entity to choose either the amortization method or the fair value measurement method for subsequent measurement for each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement will be effective for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006, but early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the two subsequent measurement methods. The adoption of this Statement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FASB statement No. 123 (Revised), “Share-Based Payment,” (SFAS 123R) using the modified prospective transition method. Please refer to NOTE C – Stock Options under Item 1 above for detail. FASB Staff Position (FSP) SFAS 123R, “Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards” provides a practical transition election related to accounting for the tax effects of share-based payments to employees. The Company elected to adopt the transition method described in the FSP.

 

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We estimate the sensitivity of our net interest income, net earnings, and capital ratios to interest rate changes and anticipated growth based on simulations using an asset/ liability model which takes into account the lags described on pages 31 through 32. The simulation model projects net interest income, net earnings, and capital ratios based on a significant interest rate increase that is sustained for a thirty-six month period. The model is based on the actual maturity and repricing characteristics of interest-rate sensitive assets and liabilities which takes into account the lags previously described. For mortgage assets, the model incorporates assumptions regarding the impact of changing interest rates on prepayment rates, which are based on our historical prepayment experience. The model also factors in projections for loan and liability growth. Based on the information and assumptions in effect at March 31, 2006, a 200 basis point rate increase sustained over a thirty-six month period would temporarily reduce our primary spread, but would not adversely affect our long-term profitability and financial strength.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2006. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the Company’s periodic SEC filings.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

No changes were made in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, these controls during the quarter ended March 31, 2006.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

The Company held its annual meeting of shareholders on May 3, 2006. A brief description of each matter voted on and the results of the shareholder voting are set forth below:

 

     For    Against     

1.      The election of three directors are set forth below:

        

Maryellen C. Herringer

   281,986,708    2,463,962   

Kenneth T. Rosen

   281,316,137    3,134,533   

Herbert M. Sandler

   281,128,742    3,321,928   
     For    Against    Abstain

2.      Ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as the Company’s independent auditors for 2006

   281,818,931    1,395,674    1,236,065

Each of the following directors who were not up for re-election at the annual meeting of shareholders will continue to serve as directors: Jerry Gitt, Antonia Hernandez, Bernard Osher, Patricia A. King, Marion O. Sandler, and Leslie Tang Schilling.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

On January 23, 2006, pursuant to Section 10A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company approved the engagement of Deloitte & Touche LLP to perform auditing services and certain non-audit services for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2006. The non-audit services include tax compliance and planning, reviews of Federal and California tax returns, and the licensing of software for enterprise zone credit determinations.

 

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit No.  

Description

  3 (a)   Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 1-4629) for the quarter ended March 31, 2004.
  3 (b)   By-Laws of the Company, as amended, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (file No. 1-4629) for the quarter ended June 30, 2004.
  4 (a)   The Registrant agrees to furnish to the Commission, upon request, a copy of each instrument with respect to issues of long-term debt, the authorized principal amount of which does not exceed 10% of the total assets of the Company.
10 (a)   1996 Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated February 2, 1996, and as further amended May 2, 2001, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-4629) for the year ended December 31, 2002.
10 (b)   Incentive Bonus Plan, as amended and restated, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit A of the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed on March 15, 2002, for the Company’s 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
10 (c)   Deferred Compensation Agreement between the Company and James T. Judd is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-4629) for the year ended December 31, 1986.
10 (d)   Deferred Compensation Agreement between the Company and Russell W. Kettell is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-4629) for the year ended December 31, 1986.
10 (e)   Deferred Compensation Agreement between the Company and Gary R. Bradley is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10 (e) of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-4629) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10 (f)   Form of Supplemental Retirement Agreement between the Company and certain executive officers is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(g) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-4629) for the year ended December 31, 2002.
10 (g)   Form of Indemnification Agreement for use by the Company with its directors is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(h) of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 1-4629) for the quarter ended March 31, 2003.
10 (h)   2005 Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit A of the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement and Schedule 14A, filed on March 11, 2005, for the Company’s 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The Form of Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement under the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to the 8-K filed on October 25, 2005.

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

31.1    Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
31.2    Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
31.3    Section 302 Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
32       Section 906 Certification of Principal Executive Officers and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

 

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

   

GOLDEN WEST FINANCIAL CORPORATION

Dated: May 9, 2006

   

/s/ Russell W. Kettell

   

Russell W. Kettell

   

President and Chief Financial Officer

   

/s/ William C. Nunan

   

William C. Nunan

    Group Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

 

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