XML 28 R18.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.3.0.15
Supplemental Information About The Credit Quality Of Financing Receivables And Allowance For Losses On Financing Receivables
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Supplemental Information About Credit Quality Of Financing Receivables And Allowance For Losses On Financing Receivables [Abstract] 
Supplemental Information About The Credit Quality Of Financing Receivables And Allowance For Losses On Financing Receivables

12. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE CREDIT QUALITY OF FINANCING RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOSSES ON FINANCING RECEIVABLES

Pursuant to new disclosures required by ASC 310-10, effective December 31, 2010, we provide further detailed information about the credit quality of our Commercial, Real Estate and Consumer financing receivables portfolios. For each portfolio, we describe the characteristics of the financing receivables and provide information about collateral, payment performance, credit quality indicators, and impairment. While we provide data on selected credit quality indicators in accordance with the new disclosure requirements of ASC 310-10, we manage these portfolios using delinquency and nonearning data as key performance indicators. The categories used within this section such as impaired loans, troubled debt restructuring and nonaccrual financing receivables are defined by the authoritative guidance and we base our categorization on the related scope and definitions contained in the related standards. The categories of nonearning and delinquent are defined by us and are used in our process for managing our financing receivables. Definitions of these categories are provided below:

Impaired loans are larger-balance or restructured loans for which it is probable that the lender will be unable to collect all amounts due according to original contractual terms of the loan agreement.

Troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) are those loans for which we have granted a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties where we do not receive adequate compensation. Such loans are classified as impaired, and are individually reviewed for specific reserves.

Nonaccrual financing receivables are those on which we have stopped accruing interest. We stop accruing interest at the earlier of the time at which collection of an account becomes doubtful or the account becomes 90 days past due. Although we stop accruing interest in advance of payments, we recognize interest income as cash is collected when appropriate provided the amount does not exceed that which would have been earned at the historical effective interest rate.

Nonearning financing receivables are a subset of nonaccrual financing receivables for which cash payments are not being received or for which we are on the cost recovery method of accounting (i.e., any payments are accounted for as a reduction of principal). This category excludes loans purchased at a discount (unless they have deteriorated post acquisition).

Delinquent financing receivables are those that are 30 days or more past due based on their contractual terms.

The same financing receivable may meet more than one of the definitions above. Accordingly, these categories are not mutually exclusive and it is possible for a particular loan to meet the definitions of a TDR, impaired loan, nonaccrual loan and nonearning loan and be included in each of these categories in the tables that follow. The categorization of a particular loan also may not be indicative of the potential for loss.

 

On July 1, 2011, we adopted FASB ASU 2011-02, an amendment to ASC 310, Receivables. ASU 2011-02 provides guidance for determining whether a restructuring of a debt constitutes a TDR. ASU 2011-02 requires that a restructuring be classified as a TDR when it is both a concession and the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties. The amendment also clarifies the guidance on a creditor's evaluation of whether it has granted a concession. The amendment applies to restructurings that have occurred subsequent to January 1, 2011. As a result of adopting these amendments on July 1, 2011, we have classified an additional $271 million of financing receivables as TDRs and have recorded an increase of $77 million to our allowance for losses on financing receivables.

 

Our loss mitigation strategy intends to minimize economic loss and, at times, can result in rate reductions, principal forgiveness, extensions, forbearance or other actions, which may cause the related loan to be classified as a TDR.

 

We utilize certain loan modification programs for borrowers experiencing financial difficulties in our Consumer loan portfolio. These loan modification programs are primarily concentrated in our non-U.S. residential mortgage and non-U.S. installment and revolving portfolios and include short-term (three months or less) interest rate reductions and payment deferrals, which were not part of the terms of the original contract and are not classified as TDRs. We sold our U.S. residential mortgage business in 2007 and as such, do not participate in the U.S. government-sponsored mortgage modification programs.

 

Our allowance for losses on financing receivables on these modified consumer loans is determined based upon a formulaic approach that estimates the probable losses inherent in the portfolio based upon statistical analyses of the portfolio. Data related to redefault experience is also considered in our overall reserve adequacy review. Once the loan has been modified, it returns to current status (re-aged) only after receipt of at least three consecutive minimum monthly payments or the equivalent cumulative amount, subject to a re-aging limitation of once a year, or twice in a five-year period in accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council guidelines on Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management policy issued in June 2000. We believe that the allowance for losses would not be materially different had we not re-aged these accounts.

 

For commercial loans, we evaluate changes in terms and conditions to determine whether those changes meet the criteria for classification as a TDR on a loan-by-loan basis. In CLL, these changes primarily include: changes to covenants, short-term payment deferrals and maturity extensions. For these changes, we receive economic consideration, including additional fees and/or increased interest rates, and evaluate them under our normal underwriting standards and criteria. Changes to Real Estate's loans primarily include maturity extensions, principal payment acceleration, changes to collateral terms, and cash sweeps, which are in addition to, or sometimes in lieu of, fees and rate increases. The determination of whether these changes to the terms and conditions of our commercial loans meet the TDR criteria includes our consideration of all of the relevant facts and circumstances. When the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, we carefully evaluate these changes to determine whether they meet the form of a concession. In these circumstances, if the change is deemed to be a concession, we classify the loan as a TDR.

COMMERCIAL

Substantially all of our commercial portfolio comprises secured collateral positions. CLL products include loans and leases collateralized by a wide variety of equipment types, cash flow loans, asset-backed loans and factoring arrangements. Our loans and leases are secured by assets such as heavy machinery, vehicles, medical equipment, corporate aircraft, and office imaging equipment. Cash flow financing is secured by our ability to liquidate the underlying assets of the borrower and the asset-backed loans and factoring arrangements are secured by customer accounts receivable, inventory, and/or machinery and equipment. The portfolios in our Energy Financial Services and GECAS businesses are primarily collateralized by energy generating assets and commercial aircraft, respectively. Our senior secured position and risk management expertise provide loss mitigation against borrowers with weak credit characteristics.

 

Financing Receivables and Allowance for Losses

The following table provides further information about general and specific reserves related to Commercial financing receivables.

Commercial      Financing receivables at 
       September 30, December 31, 
(In millions)      2011 2010 
             
CLL            
    Americas(a)      $81,072 $88,558 
    Europe       37,130  37,498 
    Asia       11,914  11,943 
    Other(a)       469  664 
Total CLL       130,585  138,663 
             
Energy Financial Services       5,977  7,011 
             
GECAS       11,841  12,615 
             
Other       1,388  1,788 
             
Total Commercial financing receivables, before allowance for losses    $149,791 $160,077 
             
Non-impaired financing receivables      $143,974 $154,257 
General reserves       817  1,014 
             
Impaired loans       5,817  5,820 
Specific reserves       829  1,031 
             
             

  • During the third quarter of 2011, we transferred our Railcar lending and leasing portfolio from CLL Other to CLL Americas. Prior-period amounts were reclassified to conform to the current-period presentation.

 

Past Due Financing Receivables

The following table displays payment performance of Commercial financing receivables.

  At 
Commercial September 30, 2011  December 31, 2010 
  Over 30 days  Over 90 days  Over 30 days  Over 90 days 
  past due  past due  past due  past due 
             
CLL            
    Americas 1.1% 0.7% 1.2% 0.8%
    Europe 4.0  2.3  4.2  2.3 
    Asia 1.7  1.1  2.2  1.4 
    Other 0.6  0.6  2.4  1.2 
Total CLL 2.0  1.2  2.1  1.3 
             
Energy Financial Services 0.3  0.3  0.9  0.8 
             
GECAS 0.4  0.0  0.0  0.0 
             
Other 4.3  4.0  5.8  5.5 
             
Total 1.8  1.1  2.0  1.2 
             

Nonaccrual Financing Receivables

The following table provides further information about Commercial financing receivables that are classified as nonaccrual. Of our $4,867 million and $5,463 million of nonaccrual financing receivables at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, $1,243 million and $1,016 million are currently paying in accordance with their contractual terms, respectively.

CommercialNonaccrual financing Nonearning financing 
 receivables at receivables at 
 September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, 
(Dollars in millions)2011 2010 2011 2010 
             
CLL            
    Americas$2,553 $3,208 $1,967 $2,573 
    Europe 1,599  1,415  1,086  1,241 
    Asia 379  616  230  406 
    Other 16  7  16  6 
Total CLL 4,547  5,246  3,299  4,226 
             
Energy Financial Services 135  78  135  62 
             
GECAS 62    62   
             
Other 123  139  71  102 
Total$4,867 $5,463 $3,567 $4,390 
             
Allowance for losses percentage 33.8% 37.4% 46.1% 46.6%
             

Impaired Loans

The following table provides information about loans classified as impaired and specific reserves related to Commercial.

Commercial(a)With no specific allowance With a specific allowance
  Recorded Unpaid Average  Recorded Unpaid   Average
 investment principal investment in investment principal Associated investment in
(In millions)in loans balance loans in loans balance allowance loans
                     
September 30, 2011                    
                     
CLL                    
    Americas$2,136 $2,104 $2,126 $1,433 $1,571 $439 $1,494
    Europe 1,103  1,036  1,016  561  539  260  570
    Asia 59  50  97  139  107  71  228
    Other 0  0  3  12  12  3  3
Total CLL 3,298  3,190  3,242  2,145  2,229  773  2,295
Energy Financial Services 4  4  24  131  132  19  104
GECAS 88  88  67  3  3  2  14
Other 63  63  68  85  84  35  103
Total$3,453 $3,345 $3,401 $2,364 $2,448 $829 $2,516
                     

December 31, 2010                    
                     
CLL                    
    Americas$2,030 $2,127 $1,547 $1,699 $1,744 $589 $1,754
    Europe 802  674  629  566  566  267  563
    Asia 119  117  117  338  303  132  334
    Other 0  0  9  0  0  0  0
Total CLL 2,951  2,918  2,302  2,603  2,613  988  2,651
Energy Financial Services 54  61  76  24  24  6  70
GECAS 24  24  50  0  0  0  31
Other 58  57  30  106  99  37  82
Total$3,087 $3,060 $2,458 $2,733 $2,736 $1,031 $2,834
                     
                     

  • We recognized $133 million, $88 million and $49 million of interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the year ended December 31, 2010 and the nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively, principally on a cash basis. A substantial majority of this amount was related to income recognized in our CLL Americas business. The total average investment in impaired loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, was $5,172 million.

 

Impaired loans classified as TDRs in our CLL business were $3,620 million and $2,911 million at September 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010, respectively, and were primarily attributable to CLL Americas ($2,691 million and $2,347 million, respectively). For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we modified $1,408 million of loans classified as TDRs, primarily in CLL Americas ($810 million) and CLL EMEA ($521 million). Changes to these loans primarily included debt to equity exchange, extensions, interest only payment periods and forbearance or other actions, which are in addition to, or sometimes in lieu of, fees and rate increases. Of our modifications classified as TDRs in the last nine months, $41 million have subsequently experienced a payment default.

 

Credit Quality Indicators

Substantially all of our Commercial financing receivables portfolio is secured lending and we assess the overall quality of the portfolio based on the potential risk of loss measure. The metric incorporates both the borrower's credit quality along with any related collateral protection.

 

Our internal risk ratings process is an important source of information in determining our allowance for losses and represents a comprehensive, statistically validated approach to evaluate risk in our financing receivables portfolios. In deriving our internal risk ratings, we stratify our Commercial portfolios into twenty-one categories of default risk and/or six categories of loss given default to group into three categories: A, B and C. Our process starts by developing an internal risk rating for our borrowers, which are based upon our proprietary models using data derived from borrower financial statements, agency ratings, payment history information, equity prices and other commercial borrower characteristics. We then evaluate the potential risk of loss for the specific lending transaction in the event of borrower default, which takes into account such factors as applicable collateral value, historical loss and recovery rates for similar transactions, and our collection capabilities. Our internal risk ratings process and the models we use are subject to regular monitoring and validation controls. The frequency of rating updates is set by our credit risk policy, which requires annual Audit Committee approval. The models are updated on a regular basis and statistically validated annually, or more frequently as circumstances warrant.

 

The table below summarizes our Commercial financing receivables by risk category. As described above, financing receivables are assigned one of twenty-one risk ratings based on our process and then these are grouped by similar characteristics into three categories in the table below. Category A is characterized by either high credit quality borrowers or transactions with significant collateral coverage which substantially reduces or eliminates the risk of loss in the event of borrower default. Category B is characterized by borrowers with weaker credit quality than those in Category A, or transactions with moderately strong collateral coverage which minimizes but may not fully mitigate the risk of loss in the event of default. Category C is characterized by borrowers with higher levels of default risk relative to our overall portfolio or transactions where collateral coverage may not fully mitigate a loss in the event of default.

CommercialSecured
(In millions)A B C Total
            
September 30, 2011           
            
CLL           
    Americas(a)$73,994 $2,688 $4,390 $81,072
    Europe 33,731  734  1,323  35,788
    Asia 10,851  159  711  11,721
    Other(a) 371  25  73  469
Total CLL 118,947  3,606  6,497  129,050
            
Energy Financial Services 5,763  196  18  5,977
            
GECAS 11,360  439  42  11,841
            
Other 1,388  0  0  1,388
Total$137,458 $4,241 $6,557 $148,256

December 31, 2010           
            
CLL           
    Americas(a)$78,939 $4,103 $5,516 $88,558
    Europe 33,642  840  1,262  35,744
    Asia 10,777  199  766  11,742
    Other(a) 544  66  54  664
Total CLL 123,902  5,208  7,598  136,708
            
Energy Financial Services 6,775  183  53  7,011
            
GECAS 11,034  1,193  388  12,615
            
Other 1,788  0  0  1,788
Total$143,499 $6,584 $8,039 $158,122
            
            

  • During the third quarter of 2011, we transferred our Railcar lending and leasing portfolio from CLL Other to CLL Americas. Prior-period amounts were reclassified to conform to the current-period presentation.

 

For our secured financing receivables portfolio, our collateral position and ability to work out problem accounts mitigates our losses. Our asset managers have deep industry expertise that enables us to identify the optimum approach to default situations. We price risk premiums for weaker credits at origination, closely monitor changes in creditworthiness through our risk ratings and watch list process, and are engaged early with deteriorating credits to minimize economic loss. Secured financing receivables within risk Category C are predominantly in our CLL businesses and are primarily comprised of senior term lending facilities and factoring programs secured by various asset types including inventory, accounts receivable, cash, equipment and related business facilities as well as franchise finance activities secured by underlying equipment.

 

Loans within Category C are reviewed and monitored regularly, and classified as impaired when it is probable that they will not pay in accordance with contractual terms. Our internal risk rating process identifies credits warranting closer monitoring; and as such, these loans are not necessarily classified as nonearning or impaired.

 

Substantially all of our unsecured Commercial financing receivables portfolio is attributable to our Interbanca S.p.A. and GE Sanyo Credit acquisitions in Europe and Asia, respectively. At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, these financing receivables included $258 million and $208 million rated A, $680 million and $964 million rated B, and $597 million and $783 million rated C, respectively.

REAL ESTATE

Our real estate portfolio primarily comprises fixed and floating loans secured by commercial real estate. Our Debt portfolio is underwritten based on the cash flows generated by underlying income-producing commercial properties and secured by first mortgages. Our Business Properties portfolio is underwritten primarily by the credit quality of the borrower and secured by tenant and owner-occupied commercial properties.

 

Financing Receivables and Allowance for Losses

The following table provides further information about general and specific reserves related to Real Estate financing receivables.

Real Estate      Financing receivables at 
        September 30,  December 31, 
(In millions)       2011  2010 
             
Debt      $25,748 $30,249 
Business Properties       8,630  9,962 
             
Total Real Estate financing receivables, before allowance for losses    $34,378 $40,211 
             
Non-impaired financing receivables      $25,021 $30,394 
General reserves       281  338 
             
Impaired loans       9,357  9,817 
Specific reserves       860  1,150 
             

Past Due Financing Receivables

The following table displays payment performance of Real Estate financing receivables.

 At 
Real Estate September 30, 2011  December 31, 2010 
  Over 30 days Over 90 days  Over 30 days Over 90 days 
  past due past due  past due past due 
             
Debt 4.3% 3.6% 4.3% 4.1%
Business Properties 3.8  3.6  4.6  3.9 
Total 4.2  3.6  4.4  4.0 

Nonaccrual Financing Receivables

The following table provides further information about Real Estate financing receivables that are classified as nonaccrual. Of our $7,285 million and $9,719 million of nonaccrual financing receivables at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, $5,821 million and $7,888 million are currently paying in accordance with their contractual terms, respectively.

Real EstateNonaccrual financing Nonearning financing 
 receivables at receivables at 
 September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, 
(Dollars in millions)2011 2010 2011 2010 
             
Debt$6,648 $9,039 $714 $961 
Business Properties 637  680  314  386 
Total$7,285 $9,719 $1,028 $1,347 
             
Allowance for losses percentage 15.7% 15.3% 111.0% 110.5%
             

Impaired Loans

The following table provides information about loans classified as impaired and specific reserves related to Real Estate.

Real Estate(a)With no specific allowance With a specific allowance
 Recorded Unpaid Average Recorded Unpaid   Average
 investment principal investment investment principal Associated investment
(In millions)in loans balance in loans in loans balance allowance in loans
                     
September 30, 2011                    
                     
Debt$3,759 $3,822 $3,571 $4,922 $4,918 $737 $5,654
Business Properties 237  237  211  439  525  123  475
Total$3,996 $4,059 $3,782 $5,361 $5,443 $860 $6,129
                     

December 31, 2010                    
                     
Debt$2,814 $2,873 $1,598 $6,323 $6,498 $1,007 $6,116
Business Properties 191  213  141  489  476  143  382
Total$3,005 $3,086 $1,739 $6,812 $6,974 $1,150 $6,498
                     
                     

  • We recognized $309 million, $189 million and $200 million of interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the year ended December 31, 2010 and the nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively, principally on a cash basis. A substantial majority of this amount was related to our Real Estate-Debt portfolio. The total average investment in impaired loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was $7,842 million.

 

Real Estate TDRs increased from $4,866 million at December 31, 2010 to $6,730 million at September 30, 2011, primarily driven by loans scheduled to mature during 2011, some of which were modified during 2011 and classified as TDRs upon modification. We deem loan modifications to be TDRs when we have granted a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty and we do not receive adequate compensation in the form of an effective interest rate that is at current market rates of interest given the risk characteristics of the loan or other consideration that compensates us for the value of the concession. The limited liquidity and higher return requirements in the real estate market for loans with higher loan-to-value (LTV) ratios has typically resulted in the conclusion that the modified terms are not at current market rates of interest, even if the modified loans are expected to be fully recoverable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we modified $2,978 million of loans classified as TDRs, substantially all in our Debt portfolio. Changes to these loans primarily included maturity extensions, principal payment acceleration, changes to collateral or covenant terms and cash sweeps, which are in addition to, or sometimes in lieu of, fees and rate increases. Of our modifications classified as TDRs in the last nine months, $196 million have subsequently experienced a payment default.

 

Credit Quality Indicators

Due to the primarily non-recourse nature of our Debt portfolio, loan-to-value ratios provide the best indicators of the credit quality of the portfolio. By contrast, the credit quality of the Business Properties portfolio is primarily influenced by the strength of the borrower's general credit quality, which is reflected in our internal risk rating process, consistent with the process we use for our Commercial portfolio.

 Loan-to-value ratio at
 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010
 Less than 80% to Greater than Less than 80% to Greater than
(In millions)80% 95% 95% 80% 95% 95%
                  
Debt$14,588 $5,053 $6,107 $12,362 $9,392 $8,495
                  
 Internal Risk Rating at
 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010
(In millions)A B C A B C
                  
Business Properties$8,048 $103 $479 $8,746 $437 $779

Within Real Estate, these financing receivables are primarily concentrated in our North American and European Lending platforms and are secured by various property types. Collateral values for Real Estate-Debt financing receivables are updated at least semi-annually, or more frequently for higher risk loans. A substantial majority of the Real Estate-Debt financing receivables with loan-to-value ratios greater than 95% are paying in accordance with contractual terms. Substantially all of these loans and substantially all of the Real Estate-Business Properties financing receivables included in Category C are impaired loans which are subject to the specific reserve evaluation process described in Note 1 in our 2010 consolidated financial statements. The ultimate recoverability of impaired loans is driven by collection strategies that do not necessarily depend on the sale of the underlying collateral and include full or partial repayments through third-party refinancing and restructurings.

CONSUMER

Our Consumer portfolio is largely non-U.S. and primarily comprises residential mortgage, sales finance, and auto and personal loans in various European and Asian countries. At September 30, 2011, our U.S. consumer financing receivables included private-label credit card and sales financing for approximately 51 million customers across the U.S. with no metropolitan area accounting for more than 6% of the portfolio. Of the total U.S. consumer financing receivables, approximately 63% relate to credit card loans, which are often subject to profit and loss sharing arrangements with the retailer (which are recorded in revenues), and the remaining 37% are sales finance receivables, which provide financing to customers in areas such as electronics, recreation, medical and home improvement.

 

Financing Receivables and Allowance for Losses

The following table provides further information about general and specific reserves related to Consumer financing receivables.

Consumer      Financing receivables at 
       September 30, December 31, 
(In millions)      2011 2010 
             
Non-U.S. residential mortgages      $38,708 $40,011 
Non-U.S. installment and revolving credit       19,801  20,132 
U.S. installment and revolving credit       43,249  43,974 
Non-U.S. auto       6,462  7,558 
Other       8,017  8,304 
Total Consumer financing receivables, before allowance for losses    $116,237 $119,979 
             
Non-impaired financing receivables      $113,144 $117,431 
General reserves       3,161  3,945 
             
Impaired loans       3,093  2,548 
Specific reserves       721  555 
             
             

Past Due Financing Receivables

The following table displays payment performance of Consumer financing receivables.

  At 
Consumer September 30, 2011  December 31, 2010 
  Over 30 days  Over 90 days  Over 30 days  Over 90 days 
  past due  past due(a)  past due  past due(a) 
             
Non-U.S. residential mortgages 13.6% 8.9% 13.7% 8.8%
Non-U.S. installment and revolving credit 4.2  1.3  4.5  1.3 
U.S. installment and revolving credit 5.1  2.1  6.2  2.8 
Non-U.S. auto 3.2  0.5  3.3  0.6 
Other 3.7  2.0  4.2  2.3 
Total 7.6  4.1  8.1  4.4 
             
             

  • Included $42 million and $65 million of loans at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, which are over 90 days past due and accruing interest.

 

Nonaccrual Financing Receivables

The following table provides further information about Consumer financing receivables that are classified as nonaccrual.

 Nonaccrual financing Nonearning financing 
Consumerreceivables at receivables at 
 September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, 
(Dollars in millions)2011 2010 2011 2010 
             
Non-U.S. residential mortgages$3,753 $3,986 $3,619 $3,738 
Non-U.S. installment and revolving credit 347  302  299  289 
U.S. installment and revolving credit 882  1,201  882  1,201 
Non-U.S. auto 35  46  35  46 
Other 491  600  441  478 
Total$5,508 $6,135 $5,276 $5,752 
             
Allowance for losses percentage 70.5% 73.3% 73.6% 78.2%
             

Impaired Loans

The vast majority of our Consumer nonaccrual financing receivables are smaller balance homogeneous loans evaluated collectively, by portfolio, for impairment and therefore are outside the scope of the disclosure requirement for impaired loans. Accordingly, impaired loans in our Consumer business represent restructured smaller balance homogeneous loans meeting the definition of a TDR, and therefore subject to the disclosure requirement for impaired loans, and commercial loans in our Consumer–Other portfolio. The recorded investment of these impaired loans totaled $3,093 million (with an unpaid principal balance of $2,662 million) and comprised $50 million with no specific allowance, primarily all in our ConsumerOther portfolio, and $3,043 million with a specific allowance of $721 million at September 30, 2011. The impaired loans with a specific allowance included $370 million with a specific allowance of $95 million in our Consumer–Other portfolio and $2,673 million with a specific allowance of $626 million across the remaining Consumer business and had an unpaid principal balance and average investment of $2,246 million and $2,262 million, respectively, at September 30, 2011. We recognized $101 million, $114 million and $79 million of interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the year ended December 31, 2010 and the nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively, principally on a cash basis. A substantial majority of this amount related to income recognized in our Consumer–U.S. installment and revolving credit portfolio. The total average investment in impaired loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was $1,874 million.

 

Impaired loans classified as TDRs in our Consumer business were $2,914 million and $2,256 million at September 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010, respectively. We utilize certain loan modification programs for borrowers experiencing financial difficulties in our Consumer loan portfolio. These loan modification programs primarily include interest rate reductions and payment deferrals in excess of three months, which were not part of the terms of the original contract, and are primarily concentrated in our non-U.S. residential mortgage and U.S. credit card portfolios. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we modified $1,510 million of consumer loans for borrowers experiencing financial difficulties, which are classified as TDRs, and included $730 million of non-U.S. consumer loans, primarily residential mortgages, credit cards and personal loans and approximately $780 million of credit card loans in the U.S. We expect borrowers whose loans have been modified under these programs to continue to be able to meet their contractual obligations upon the conclusion of the modification. For loans modified as TDRs in the last nine months, $184 million have subsequently experienced a payment default, primarily in our U.S. credit card and non-U.S. residential mortgage portfolios.

Credit Quality Indicators

Our Consumer financing receivables portfolio comprises both secured and unsecured lending. Secured financing receivables comprise residential loans and lending to small and medium-sized enterprises predominantly secured by auto and equipment, inventory finance, and cash flow loans. Unsecured financing receivables include private-label credit card financing. A substantial majority of these cards are not for general use and are limited to the products and services sold by the retailer. The private label portfolio is diverse with no metropolitan area accounting for more than 6% of the related portfolio.

Non-U.S. residential mortgages

For our secured non-U.S. residential mortgage book, we assess the overall credit quality of the portfolio through loan-to-value ratios (the ratio of the outstanding debt on a property to the value of that property at origination). In the event of default and repossession of the underlying collateral, we have the ability to remarket and sell the properties to eliminate or mitigate the potential risk of loss. The table below provides additional information about our non-U.S. residential mortgages based on loan-to-value ratios.

 Loan-to-value ratio at
 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010
 80% or Greater than Greater than 80% or Greater than Greater than
(In millions)less 80% to 90% 90% less 80% to 90% 90%
                  
Non-U.S. residential mortgages$21,921 $6,580 $10,207 $22,403 $7,023 $10,585

The majority of these financing receivables are in our U.K. and France portfolios and have re-indexed loan-to-value ratios of 85% and 57%, respectively. We have third-party mortgage insurance for approximately 67% of the balance of Consumer non-U.S. residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios greater than 90% at September 30, 2011. Such loans were primarily originated in the U.K. and France.

Installment and Revolving Credit

For our unsecured lending products, including the non-U.S. and U.S. installment and revolving credit and non-U.S. auto portfolios, we assess overall credit quality using internal and external credit scores. Our internal credit scores imply a probability of default which we consistently translate into three approximate credit bureau equivalent credit score categories, including (a) 681 or higher which are considered the strongest credits; (b) 615 to 680, considered moderate credit risk; and (c) 614 or less, which are considered weaker credits.

 Internal ratings translated to approximate credit bureau equivalent score at
 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010
 681 or 615 to 614 or 681 or 615 to 614 or
(In millions)higher 680 less higher 680 less
                  
Non-U.S. installment and                 
    revolving credit$10,429 $5,185 $4,187 $10,192 $5,749 $4,191
U.S. installment and                 
    revolving credit 26,912  8,743  7,594  25,940  8,846  9,188
Non-U.S. auto 4,425  1,256  781  5,379  1,330  849

Of those financing receivable accounts with credit bureau equivalent scores of 614 or less at September 30, 2011, 94% relate to installment and revolving credit accounts. These smaller balance accounts have an average outstanding balance less than one thousand U.S. dollars and are primarily concentrated in our retail card and sales finance receivables in the U.S. (which are often subject to profit and loss sharing arrangements), and closed-end loans outside the U.S., which minimizes the potential for loss in the event of default. For lower credit scores, we adequately price for the incremental risk at origination and monitor credit migration through our risk ratings process. We continuously adjust our credit line underwriting management and collection strategies based on customer behavior and risk profile changes.

 

Consumer – Other

Secured lending in ConsumerOther comprises loans to small and medium-sized enterprises predominantly secured by auto and equipment, inventory finance, and cash flow loans. We develop our internal risk ratings for this portfolio in a manner consistent with the process used to develop our Commercial credit quality indicators, described above. We use the borrower's credit quality and underlying collateral strength to determine the potential risk of loss from these activities.

 

At September 30, 2011, Consumer – Other financing receivables of $6,027 million, $759 million and $1,231 million were rated A, B, and C, respectively. At December 31, 2010, Consumer – Other financing receivables of $6,415 million, $822 million and $1,067 million were rated A, B, and C, respectively.