In 2020, we acquired three businesses in our Aerospace segment and two businesses in our Combat Systems segment for an aggregate of approximately $205.

In 2018, in addition to the acquisition of CSRA (described below), we acquired three businesses in our Aerospace segment, a business in our Combat Systems segment and a business in our Technologies segment for an aggregate of approximately $400.

The operating results of these acquisitions have been included with our reported results since the respective closing dates. The purchase prices of the acquisitions have been allocated to the estimated fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired, with any excess purchase price recorded as goodwill.

In 2020, we completed the sale of a business in our Aerospace segment and two businesses in our Technologies segment, one of which was classified as held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet on December 31, 2019. In 2019, we completed the sale of a business in our Technologies segment that was classified as held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet on December 31, 2018. In 2018, we completed the sale of three businesses in our Technologies segment: a commercial health products business, CSRA operations that we were required by a government customer to dispose of to address an organizational conflict of interest with respect to services provided to the customer and a public-facing contact-center business.

On April 3, 2018, we acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of CSRA for $41.25 per share in cash plus the assumption of outstanding net debt. CSRA is a provider of IT solutions to the defense, intelligence and federal civilian markets and is included in our Technologies segment.

Fair Value of Net Assets Acquired. The following table summarizes the allocation of the $9.7 billion cash purchase price to the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, with the excess recorded as goodwill:


Cash and equivalents	$	45
Accounts receivable	155
Unbilled receivables	415
Other current assets	303
Property, plant and equipment, net	326
Intangible assets, net	2,066
Goodwill	7,935
Other noncurrent assets	369
Total assets	$	11,614
Accounts payable	$	(135)
Customer advances and deposits	(151)
Current lease obligation	(51)
Other current liabilities	(434)
Noncurrent lease obligation	(207)
Noncurrent deferred tax liability	(355)
Other noncurrent liabilities	(532)
Total liabilities	$	(1,865)
Net assets acquired	$	9,749

Pro Forma Information (Unaudited). The following pro forma information presents our consolidated revenue and earnings from continuing operations as if the acquisition of CSRA and the related financing transactions had occurred on January 1, 2017:


Year Ended December 31	2018
Revenue	$	37,534
Earnings from continuing operations	3,390
Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations	$	11.33

The pro forma information was prepared by combining our reported historical results with the historical results of CSRA for the pre-acquisition periods. In addition, the reported historical amounts were adjusted for the following items, net of associated tax effects:

• The removal of CSRA operations that we were required by a government customer to dispose of to address an organizational conflict of interest with respect to services provided to the customer.

The pro forma information does not reflect the realization of expected cost savings or synergies from the acquisition, and does not reflect what our combined results of operations would have been had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2017.


	Aerospace		Marine Systems		Combat Systems		Information Technology		Mission Systems		Technologies		Total Goodwill
December 31, 2018 (a)	$	2,813	$	297	$	2,633	$	9,622	$	4,229	$	—	$	19,594
Acquisitions/divestitures (b)	3		—		15		77		6		—		101
Other (c)	15		—		33		1		(67)		—		(18)




December 31, 2019 (a)	2,831		297		2,681		9,700		4,168		—		19,677
Acquisitions (b)	72		—		65		—		—		—		137
Other (c)	162		—		40		46		(9)		—		239

Change in reporting unit composition (d)	—		—		—		(9,746)		(4,159)		13,905		—
December 31, 2020 (e)	$	3,065	$	297	$	2,786	$	—	$	—	$	13,905	$	20,053

(a)Goodwill in the Information Technology and Mission Systems reporting units is net of $536 and $1.3 billion of accumulated impairment losses, respectively.

(c)Consists primarily of adjustments for foreign currency translation and for the allocation of goodwill to operations classified as held for sale.

(d)Effective December 31, 2020, we reorganized our Information Technology and Mission Systems operating segments into a single Technologies segment. See Note A for additional information regarding the segment reorganization. This reorganization similarly changed the composition of our reporting units. Accordingly, goodwill of the Information Technology and Mission Systems reporting units was combined and assigned to the Technologies reporting unit.


	Gross Carrying Amount (a)		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount (a)		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
December 31	2020						2019
Contract and program intangible assets (b)	$	3,399	$	(1,600)	$	1,799	$	3,776	$	(1,779)	$	1,997
Trade names and trademarks	516		(229)		287		474		(195)		279
Technology and software	134		(106)		28		164		(126)		38
Other intangible assets	161		(158)		3		159		(158)		1
Total intangible assets	$	4,210	$	(2,093)	$	2,117	$	4,573	$	(2,258)	$	2,315

(a)Changes in gross carrying amounts consist primarily of adjustments for write-offs of fully amortized intangible assets, acquired intangible assets and foreign currency translation.

We did not recognize any impairments of our intangible assets in 2020, 2019 or 2018. The amortization lives (in years) of our intangible assets on December 31, 2020, were as follows:


Intangible Asset						Range of Amortization Life
Contract and program intangible assets						7-30
Trade names and trademarks						30
Technology and software						5-15
Other intangible assets						7

Amortization expense is included in operating costs and expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $261 in 2020, $277 in 2019 and $270 in 2018. We expect to record annual amortization expense over the next five years as follows: