Net Property (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]

Net property at December 31 was as follows (in millions):

	2022		2023
Land	$	371	$	367
Buildings and land improvements	11,946		12,636
Machinery, equipment, and other	38,964		41,202
Software	5,042		5,423
Construction in progress	3,203		5,308
Total land, plant and equipment, and other	59,526		64,936
Accumulated depreciation	(31,781)		(33,679)
Net land, plant and equipment, and other	27,745		31,257
Tooling, net of amortization	9,520		9,564
Total	$	37,265	$	40,821

Property-related expenses, excluding net investment in operating leases, for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions):

	2021		2022		2023
Depreciation and other amortization	$	2,986	$	2,878	$	3,041
Tooling amortization	2,706		2,556		2,340
Total (a)	$	5,692	$	5,434	$	5,381
Maintenance and rearrangement	$	1,940	$	2,083	$	1,909

__________

(a)    Includes impairment of held-for-sale long-lived assets.  See Note 22 for additional information.