Net Property (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]

Net property at December 31 was as follows (in millions):

	2021		2022
Land	$	450	$	371
Buildings and land improvements	12,438		11,946
Machinery, equipment, and other	39,636		38,964
Software	4,598		5,042
Construction in progress	2,152		3,203
Total land, plant and equipment, and other	59,274		59,526
Accumulated depreciation	(32,342)		(31,781)
Net land, plant and equipment, and other	26,932		27,745
Tooling, net of amortization	10,207		9,520
Total	$	37,139	$	37,265

Property-related expenses, excluding net investment in operating leases, for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions):

	2020		2021		2022
Depreciation and other amortization	$	2,792	$	2,986	$	2,878
Tooling amortization	2,747		2,706		2,556
Total (a)	$	5,539	$	5,692	$	5,434
Maintenance and rearrangement	$	1,670	$	1,940	$	2,083

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(a)    Includes impairment of held-for-sale long-lived assets.  See Note 22 for additional information.