Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Guarantee obligations [Table Text Block]

The maximum potential payments and the carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities were as follows (in millions):

	December 31, 2018		June 30, 2019
Maximum potential payments	$	1,163	$	1,043
Carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities	351		324

Warranty [Table Text Block]

The estimate of our future warranty and field service action costs, net of estimated supplier recoveries, for the periods ended June 30 was as follows (in millions):

	First Half
	2018			2019
Beginning balance	$	5,296		$	5,137
Payments made during the period	(1,911		)	(2,192		)
Changes in accrual related to warranties issued during the period	1,252			1,424
Changes in accrual related to pre-existing warranties	337			715
Foreign currency translation and other	(96		)	23
Ending balance	$	4,878		$	5,107