Retirement Benefits (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Compensation and Retirement Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Assumptions Used [Table Text Block]

The assumptions used to determine benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost were as follows:

	Pension Benefits
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans				Worldwide OPEB
	2015		2016		2015		2016		2015		2016
Weighted Average Assumptions at December 31
Discount rate	4.27	%	4.03	%	3.20	%	2.44	%	4.23	%	4.00	%
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.80		3.50		3.40		3.38		3.81		3.51
Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Net Benefit Cost for the Year Ended December 31
Discount rate - Service Cost	3.94	%	4.60	%	3.06	%	3.36	%	3.93	%	4.53	%
Effective interest rate on benefit obligation	3.94		3.46		3.06		2.72		3.93		3.48
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	6.75		6.75		6.11		5.56		—		—
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.80		3.80		3.40		3.40		3.76		3.81

Schedule of defined benefit plans expense [Table Text Block]

The pre-tax net periodic benefit cost for our defined benefit pension and OPEB plans for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions):

	Pension Benefits
	U.S. Plans									Non-U.S. Plans									Worldwide OPEB
	2014			2015			2016			2014			2015			2016			2014			2015			2016
Service cost	$	507		$	586		$	510		$	468		$	532		$	483		$	54		$	60		$	49
Interest cost	1,992			1,817			1,524			1,189			936			782			269			236			194
Expected return on assets	(2,735		)	(2,928		)	(2,693		)	(1,534		)	(1,480		)	(1,339		)	—			—			—
Amortization of prior service costs/(credits)	155			155			170			55			47			38			(229		)	(204		)	(142		)
Net remeasurement (gain)/loss	641			1,964			900			2,801			(974		)	1,876			681			(292		)	220
Separation programs/other	19			17			12			83			39			81			—			1			—
Settlements and curtailments	—			—			—			13			—			2			—			—			—
Net periodic benefit cost/(income)	$	579		$	1,611		$	423		$	3,075		$	(900	)	$	1,923		$	775		$	(199	)	$	321

Schedule Of Defined Benefit Plan Obligations [Table Text Block]

The year-end status of these plans was as follows (in millions):

	Pension Benefits
	U.S. Plans						Non-U.S. Plans						Worldwide OPEB
	2015			2016			2015			2016			2015			2016
Change in Benefit Obligation
Benefit obligation at January 1	$	47,103		$	44,936		$	33,223		$	29,639		$	6,375		$	5,701
Service cost	586			510			532			483			60			49
Interest cost	1,817			1,524			936			782			236			194
Amendments	99			—			4			—			1			14
Separation programs and other	(27		)	(30		)	40			71			1			—
Curtailments	—			—			—			2			—			—
Settlements	—			—			(29		)	(131		)	—			—
Plan participant contributions	26			27			24			22			23			20
Benefits paid	(2,949		)	(2,966		)	(1,350		)	(1,252		)	(402		)	(382		)
Foreign exchange translation	—			—			(2,995		)	(2,576		)	(301		)	49
Actuarial (gain)/loss	(1,719		)	1,745			(746		)	3,584			(292		)	220
Benefit obligation at December 31	44,936			45,746			29,639			30,624			5,701			5,865
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	44,844			41,252			25,675			25,141			—			—
Actual return on plan assets	(755		)	3,538			1,722			3,041			—			—
Company contributions	130			130			1,345			1,346			—			—
Plan participant contributions	26			27			24			22			—			—
Benefits paid	(2,949		)	(2,966		)	(1,350		)	(1,252		)	—			—
Settlements	—			—			(29		)	(131		)	—			—
Foreign exchange translation	—			—			(2,238		)	(2,612		)	—			—
Other	(44		)	(42		)	(8		)	(6		)	—			—
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	41,252			41,939			25,141			25,549			—			—
Funded status at December 31	$	(3,684	)	$	(3,807	)	$	(4,498	)	$	(5,075	)	$	(5,701	)	$	(5,865	)
Amounts Recognized on the Balance Sheet
Prepaid assets	$	—		$	—		$	1,611		$	1,515		$	—		$	—
Other liabilities	(3,684		)	(3,807		)	(6,109		)	(6,590		)	(5,701		)	(5,865		)
Total	$	(3,684	)	$	(3,807	)	$	(4,498	)	$	(5,075	)	$	(5,701	)	$	(5,865	)
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (pre-tax)
Unamortized prior service costs/(credits)	$	553		$	383		$	278		$	213		$	(475	)	$	(322	)
Pension Plans in which Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	26,021		$	26,170		$	9,634		$	10,039
Fair value of plan assets	22,967			23,204			4,636			4,700
Accumulated Benefit Obligation at December 31	$	43,698		$	44,513		$	26,835		$	27,166
Pension Plans in which Projected Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31
Projected benefit obligation	$	44,936		$	45,746		$	11,238		$	11,703
Fair value of plan assets	41,252			41,939			5,129			5,113
Projected Benefit Obligation at December 31	$	44,936		$	45,746		$	29,639		$	30,624

Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments [Table Text Block]

The expected future benefit payments were as follows (in millions):

	Benefit Payments
	Pension
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		Worldwide OPEB
2017	$	3,030	$	1,170	$	350
2018	3,020		1,080		350
2019	2,980		1,100		350
2020	2,970		1,120		340
2021	2,950		1,130		340
2022-2026	14,750		5,980		1,710

Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]

The fair value of our defined benefit pension plan assets (including dividends and interest receivables of $363 million and $94 million for U.S. and non-U.S. plans, respectively) by asset category at December 31 was as follows (in millions):

	2015
	U.S. Plans												Non-U.S. Plans
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Assets measured at NAV (a)		Total			Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Assets measured at NAV (a)		Total
Asset Category
Equity
U.S. companies	$	1,935	$	4		$	—	$	—	$	1,939		$	1,647	$	1		$	—	$	86	$	1,734
International companies	1,082		10			1		7		1,100			1,290		292			1		29		1,612
Total equity	3,017		14			1		7		3,039			2,937		293			1		115		3,346
Fixed Income
U.S. government	5,209		—			—		—		5,209			138		—			—		—		138
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises	—		3,106			—		—		3,106			—		10			—		—		10
Non-U.S. government	—		1,588			—		—		1,588			—		10,650			—		—		10,650
Corporate bonds (b)
Investment grade	—		18,687			—		—		18,687			—		2,027			—		—		2,027
High yield	—		1,576			9		—		1,585			—		539			—		—		539
Other credit	—		412			—		—		412			—		65			—		—		65
Mortgage/other asset-backed	—		1,101			12		—		1,113			—		292			—		—		292
Commingled funds	—		—			—		174		174			—		—			—		379		379
Derivative financial instruments, net	22		(231		)	—		—		(209		)	1		(130		)	—		—		(129		)
Total fixed income	5,231		26,239			21		174		31,665			139		13,453			—		379		13,971
Alternatives
Hedge funds	—		175			—		2,548		2,723			—		108			—		1,762		1,870
Private equity	—		—			—		2,745		2,745			—		—			—		633		633
Real estate	—		20			—		963		983			—		1			—		681		682
Total alternatives	—		195			—		6,256		6,451			—		109			—		3,076		3,185
Cash and cash equivalents (c)	221		1,103			—		—		1,324			—		556			—		—		556
Other (d)	—		(1,227		)	—		—		(1,227		)	—		(1,173		)	5,256		—		4,083
Total assets at fair value	$	8,469	$	26,324		$	22	$	6,437	$	41,252		$	3,076	$	13,238		$	5,257	$	3,570	$	25,141

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(a) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

(b) “Investment grade” bonds are those rated Baa3/BBB- or higher by at least two rating agencies; “High yield” bonds are those rated below investment grade; “Other credit” refers to non-rated bonds.

(c) Primarily short-term investment funds to provide liquidity to plan investment managers and cash held to pay benefits.

(d) For U.S. plans, primarily cash related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). For non-U.S plans, primarily Ford-Werke, plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.4 billion at year-end 2015) and cash related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales).

NOTE 13.RETIREMENT BENEFITS(Continued)

The fair value of our defined benefit pension plan assets (including dividends and interest receivables of $345 million and $93 million for U.S. and non-U.S. plans, respectively) by asset category at December 31 was as follows (in millions):

	2016
	U.S. Plans												Non-U.S.Plans
	Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Assets measured at NAV (a)		Total			Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Assets measured at NAV (a)		Total
Asset Category
Equity
U.S. companies	$	2,353	$	6		$	—	$	—	$	2,359		$	1,614	$	93		$	—	$	—	$	1,707
International companies	1,457		19			1		7		1,484			1,278		360			—		—		1,638
Total equity	3,810		25			1		7		3,843			2,892		453			—		—		3,345
Fixed Income
U.S. government	5,157		—			—		—		5,157			433		—			—		—		433
U.S. government-sponsored enterprises	—		3,030			—		—		3,030			—		57			—		—		57
Non-U.S. government	—		1,343			—		—		1,343			—		11,171			—		—		11,171
Corporate bonds (b)
Investment grade	—		8,922			—		—		8,922			—		1,014			—		—		1,014
High yield	—		11,512			13		—		11,525			—		1,338			—		—		1,338
Other credit	—		203			—		—		203			—		—			—		—		—
Mortgage/other asset-backed	—		855			—		—		855			—		242			—		—		242
Commingled funds	—		—			—		153		153			—		379			—		—		379
Derivative financial instruments, net	27		(213		)	—		—		(186		)	5		28			—		—		33
Total fixed income	5,184		25,652			13		153		31,002			438		14,229			—		—		14,667
Alternatives
Hedge funds	—		158			—		2,802		2,960			—		215			—		1,383		1,598
Private equity	—		—			—		2,548		2,548			—		—			—		679		679
Real estate	—		—			—		1,135		1,135			—		(2		)	—		485		483
Total alternatives	—		158			—		6,485		6,643			—		213			—		2,547		2,760
Cash and cash equivalents (c)	218		1,385			—		—		1,603			—		97			—		—		97
Other (d)	—		(1,152		)	—		—		(1,152		)	—		(572		)	5,252		—		4,680
Total assets at fair value	$	9,212	$	26,068		$	14	$	6,645	$	41,939		$	3,330	$	14,420		$	5,252	$	2,547	$	25,549

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(a) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

(b) “Investment grade” bonds are those rated Baa3/BBB- or higher by at least two rating agencies; “High yield” bonds are those rated below investment grade; “Other credit” refers to non-rated bonds.

(c) Primarily short-term investment funds to provide liquidity to plan investment managers and cash held to pay benefits.

(d) For U.S. plans, primarily cash related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). For non-U.S plans, primarily Ford-Werke, plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.5 billion at year-end 2016) and cash related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales).

Schedule of Changes in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 defined benefit pension plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the years ended December 31 (in millions):

	2015
			Return on plan assets
	Fair Value at January 1		Attributable to Assets Held at December 31			Attributable to Assets Sold		Net Purchases/ (Settlements)			Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3			Fair Value at December 31
U.S. Plans	$	48	$	(9	)	$	—	$	(4	)	$	(13	)	$	22
Non-U.S. Plans (a)	4,725		531			—		—			1			5,257
	2016
			Return on plan assets
	Fair Value at January 1		Attributable to Assets Held at December 31			Attributable to Assets Sold		Net Purchases/ (Settlements)			Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3			Fair Value at December 31
U.S. Plans	$	22	$	5		$	—	$	(13	)	$	—		$	14
Non-U.S. Plans (a)	5,257		(5		)	—		—			—			5,252

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(a) Primarily Ford-Werke plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.4 billion and $4.5 billion at year-end 2015 and 2016, respectively). Return on plan assets attributable to assets held at December 31, 2015 reflects a change in valuation technique (totaling $725 million) noted in the alternative assets section of the pension plan asset information.