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Loans And Allowance For Loan Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Loans And Allowance For Loan Losses [Abstract]  
Loans And Allowance For Loan Losses

LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Following is a summary of loans, net of unearned income:

 

     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Commercial real estate

   $ 2,521,571       $ 2,341,646   

Commercial real estate – FL

     135,547         154,081   

Commercial and industrial

     1,451,144         1,363,692   

Commercial leases

     118,050         110,795   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     4,226,312         3,970,214   

Direct installment

     1,082,964         1,029,187   

Residential mortgages

     1,187,448         670,936   

Indirect installment

     563,929         540,789   

Consumer lines of credit

     704,773         607,280   

Other

     37,366         38,261   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 7,802,792       $ 6,856,667   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Commercial loans include both owner occupied and non-owner occupied loans secured by commercial properties, as well as commercial and industrial loans. Commercial leases consist of loans for new or used equipment. Direct installment is comprised of fixed-rate, closed-end consumer loans for personal, family or household use, such as home equity loans and automobile loans. Residential mortgages consist of conventional and jumbo mortgage loans for non-commercial properties. Indirect installment is comprised of loans written by third parties, primarily automobile loans. Consumer lines of credit include home equity lines of credit (HELOC) and consumer lines of credit that are either unsecured or secured by collateral other than home equity. Other is comprised primarily of mezzanine loans and student loans.

The loan portfolio consists principally of loans to individuals and small- and medium-sized businesses within the Corporation's primary market area of Pennsylvania and northeastern Ohio. The portfolio also includes commercial real estate loans in Florida, of which 32% were land-related and 68% were non land-related as of March 31, 2012. Additionally, the portfolio contains consumer finance loans to individuals in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Tennessee and Kentucky, which totaled $157,885 or 2.0% of total loans as of March 31, 2012, compared to $163,856 or 2.4% of total loans as of December 31, 2011. Due to the relative insignificance of these consumer finance loans and the lower risk profile relative to the Florida loans, they are not segregated from other consumer loans.

As of March 31, 2012, approximately 54% of the commercial real estate loans, including those in Florida, were owner-occupied, while the remaining 46% were non-owner-occupied. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Corporation had commercial construction loans of $189,233 and $210,098, respectively, representing 2.4% and 3.1% of total loans, respectively.

For each reporting period, total cash flows (both principal and interest) expected to be collected over the remaining life of the loan incorporate assumptions regarding default rates, loss severities, the amounts and timing of prepayments, the value of underlying collateral based on independent appraisals that the Corporation reviews for acceptability and considering the time and costs of foreclosure and disposition of the collateral and other factors that reflect then-current market conditions. The Corporation modifies, updates and refines assumptions as circumstances change. Contractual cash flows at each reporting period are determined utilizing the amortized cost method of loan accounting after recognition of contractual interest.

Purchased Credit-Impaired (PCI) Loans

The Corporation has acquired loans for which there was evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected.

Following are provisional amounts recognized for PCI loans identified in the Corporation's acquisition of Parkvale:

 

     At
Acquisition
 

Contractually required principal and interest at acquisition

   $ 8,989   

Contractual cash flows not expected to be collected (non-accretable difference)

     2,835   
  

 

 

 

Expected cash flows at acquisition

     6,154   

Interest component of expected cash flows (accretable difference)

     589   
  

 

 

 

Fair value at acquisition

   $ 5,565   
  

 

 

 

Following is additional information about PCI loans identified in the Corporation's acquisition of Parkvale:

 

     At
Acquisition
     March 31,
2012
 

Outstanding balance

   $ 8,989       $ 9,074   

Carrying amount

     5,565         5,492   

Allowance for loan losses

     n/a         —     

Impairment recognized since acquisition

     n/a         —     

Allowance reduction recognized since acquisition

     n/a         —     

 

   Contractual
Receivable
    Non-
Accretable
Difference
    Expected
Cash Flows
    Accretable
Yield
    Carrying
Amount
 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012

          

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 51,693      $ (33,377   $ 18,316      $ (2,477   $ 15,839   

Acquisitions

     8,989        (2,835     6,154        (589     5,565   

Accretion

     —          —          —          205        205   

Payments received

     (2,402     —          (2,402     —          (2,402

Reclass from non-accretable difference

     —          117        117        (117     —     

Disposals/transfers

     —          —          —          —          —     

Contractual interest

     855        (855     —          —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

   $ 59,135      $ (36,950   $ 22,185      $ (2,978   $ 19,207   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2011

          

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 20,356      $ (15,589   $ 4,767      $ (791   $ 3,976   

Acquisitions

     38,890        (19,401     19,489        (2,025     17,464   

Accretion

     —          —          —          903        194   

Payments received

     (4,784     —          (4,784     —          (4,075

Reclass from non-accretable difference

     —          709        709        (709     —     

Disposals/transfers

     (6,128     4,263        (1,865     145        (1,720

Contractual interest

     3,359        (3,359     —          —          —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at end of period

   $ 51,693      $ (33,377   $ 18,316      $ (2,477   $ 15,839   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accretion in the table above includes $117 in 2012 and $709 in 2011 that primarily represents payoffs received on certain loans in excess of expected cash flows.

Credit Quality

Management monitors the credit quality of the Corporation's loan portfolio on an ongoing basis. Measurement of delinquency and past due status are based on the contractual terms of each loan.

Non-performing loans include non-accrual loans and non-performing troubled debt restructurings (TDRs). Past due loans are reviewed on a monthly basis to identify loans for non-accrual status. The Corporation places a loan on non-accrual status and discontinues interest accruals generally when principal or interest is due and has remained unpaid for 90 to 180 days depending on the loan type. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all unpaid interest recognized in the current year is reversed. Non-accrual loans may not be restored to accrual status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate collectibility of the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured. TDRs are loans in which the borrower has been granted a concession on the interest rate or the original repayment terms due to financial distress. Non-performing assets also include debt securities on which OTTI has been taken in the current or prior periods that have not been returned to accrual status.

Following is a summary of non-performing assets:

 

Following is an age analysis of the Corporation's past due loans, by class:

 

     30-89 Days
Past Due
     >90 Days
Past Due and

Still Accruing
     Non-
Accrual
     Total
Past Due
     Current      Total
Loans
 

March 31, 2012

                 

Commercial real estate

   $ 13,613       $ 16,772       $ 39,575       $ 69,960       $ 2,451,611       $ 2,521,571   

Commercial real estate – FL

     —           —           39,021         39,021         96,526         135,547   

Commercial and industrial

     3,837         998         7,622         12,457         1,438,687         1,451,144   

Commercial leases

     1,999         —           1,176         3,175         114,875         118,050   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     19,449         17,770         87,394         124,613         4,101,699         4,226,312   

Direct installment

     7,662         2,691         3,100         13,453         1,069,511         1,082,964   

Residential mortgages

     16,465         25,589         2,818         44,872         1,142,576         1,187,448   

Indirect installment

     3,398         415         986         4,799         559,130         563,929   

Consumer lines of credit

     1,804         1,038         620         3,462         701,311         704,773   

Other

     39         12         3,500         3,551         33,815         37,366   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 48,817       $ 47,515       $ 98,418       $ 194,750       $ 7,608,042       $ 7,802,792   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

December 31, 2011

                 

Commercial real estate

   $ 13,868       $ 9,612       $ 37,134       $ 60,614       $ 2,281,032       $ 2,341,646   

Commercial real estate – FL

     —           —           39,122         39,122         114,959         154,081   

Commercial and industrial

     2,164         690         6,956         9,810         1,353,882         1,363,692   

Commercial leases

     1,102         5         1,084         2,191         108,604         110,795   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     17,134         10,307         84,296         111,737         3,858,477         3,970,214   

Direct installment

     8,228         3,614         2,525         14,367         1,014,820         1,029,187   

Residential mortgages

     14,492         3,342         2,443         20,277         650,659         670,936   

Indirect installment

     5,031         282         918         6,231         534,558         540,789   

Consumer lines of credit

     1,253         586         653         2,492         604,788         607,280   

Other

     36         —           3,500         3,536         34,725         38,261   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 46,174       $ 18,131       $ 94,335       $ 158,640       $ 6,698,027       $ 6,856,667   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Corporation utilizes the following categories to monitor credit quality within its commercial loan portfolio:

 

Rating
Category
  

Definition

Pass    in general, the condition of the borrower and the performance of the loan is satisfactory or better
Special Mention    in general, the condition of the borrower has deteriorated although the loan performs as agreed
Substandard   

in general, the condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the performance of

the loan could further deteriorate if deficiencies are not corrected

Doubtful   

in general, the condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the collection in full

of both principal and interest is highly questionable or improbable

 

The use of these internally assigned credit quality categories within the commercial loan portfolio permits management's use of migration and roll rate analysis to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. The Corporation's internal credit risk grading system is based on past experiences with similarly graded loans and conforms with regulatory categories. In general, loan risk ratings within each category are reviewed on an ongoing basis according to the Corporation's policy for each class of loans. Each quarter, management analyzes the resulting ratings, as well as other external statistics and factors such as delinquency, to track the migration performance of the commercial loan portfolio. Loans that migrate toward the Pass credit category or within the Pass credit category generally have a lower risk of loss and; therefore, a lower risk factor compared to loans that migrate toward the Substandard or Doubtful credit categories, which generally have a higher risk of loss and; therefore, a higher risk factor applied to those related loan balances.

Following is a table showing commercial loans by credit quality category:

 

     Commercial Loan Credit Quality Categories  
      Pass      Special
Mention
     Substandard      Doubtful      Total  

March 31, 2012

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 2,278,693       $ 81,587       $ 152,581       $ 8,710       $ 2,521,571   

Commercial real estate – FL

     69,723         12,921         52,903         —           135,547   

Commercial and industrial

     1,353,573         52,008         43,948         1,615         1,451,144   

Commercial leases

     116,015         151         1,884         —           118,050   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 3,818,004       $ 146,667       $ 251,316       $ 10,325       $ 4,226,312   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

December 31, 2011

              

Commercial real estate

   $ 2,127,334       $ 73,701       $ 139,578       $ 1,033       $ 2,341,646   

Commercial real estate – FL

     70,802         16,002         67,277         —           154,081   

Commercial and industrial

     1,275,230         49,282         38,171         1,009         1,363,692   

Commercial leases

     105,631         3,362         1,802         —           110,795   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 3,578,997       $ 142,347       $ 246,828       $ 2,042       $ 3,970,214   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Corporation uses payment status and delinquency migration analysis within the consumer and other loan classes to enable management to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. Each month, management analyzes payment and volume activity, as well as other external statistics and factors such as unemployment, to determine how consumer loans are performing.

Following is a table showing consumer and other loans by payment activity:

 

     Consumer Loan Credit Quality by Payment Status  
      Performing      Non-Performing      Total  

March 31, 2012

        

Direct installment

   $ 1,075,957       $ 7,007       $ 1,082,964   

Residential mortgages

     1,177,299         10,149         1,187,448   

Indirect installment

     562,881         1,048         563,929   

Consumer lines of credit

     704,038         735         704,773   

Other

     33,866         3,500         37,366   

December 31, 2011

        

Direct installment

   $ 1,022,025       $ 7,162       $ 1,029,187   

Residential mortgages

     661,392         9,544         670,936   

Indirect installment

     539,810         979         540,789   

Consumer lines of credit

     606,533         747         607,280   

Other

     34,761         3,500         38,261   

Loans are designated as impaired when, in the opinion of management, based on current information and events, the collection of principal and interest in accordance with the loan contract is doubtful. Typically, the Corporation does not consider loans for impairment unless a sustained period of delinquency (i.e., 90-plus days) is noted or there are subsequent events that impact repayment probability (i.e., negative financial trends, bankruptcy filings, imminent foreclosure proceedings, etc.). Impairment is evaluated in the aggregate for consumer installment loans, residential mortgages, consumer lines of credit, commercial leases and commercial loan relationships less than $500. For loan relationships greater than or equal to $500, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a market interest rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Consistent with the Corporation's existing method of income recognition for loans, interest on impaired loans, except those classified as non-accrual, is recognized as income using the accrual method. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.

Following is a summary of information pertaining to loans considered to be impaired, by class of loans:

Troubled Debt Restructurings

TDRs are loans whose contractual terms have been modified in a manner that grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. TDRs typically result from loss mitigation activities and could include the extension of a maturity date, interest rate reduction, principal forgiveness, deferral or decrease in payments for a period of time and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.

 

Following is a summary of the composition of total TDRs:

     March 31,
2012
     December 31,
2011
 

Accruing:

     

Performing

   $ 10,599       $ 10,130   

Non-performing

     11,416         11,893   

Non-accrual

     11,044         10,827   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 33,059       $ 32,850   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

TDRs that are accruing and performing include loans that met the criteria for non-accrual of interest prior to restructuring for which the Corporation can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of the expected cash flows on such loans and for which the Corporation expects to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans. During the first three months of 2012, the Corporation returned to performing status $1,582 in restructured loans, all of which were secured by residential mortgages that have consistently met their modified obligations for an extended period of time. TDRs that are accruing and non-performing are comprised of loans that have not demonstrated a consistent repayment pattern for more than six months. TDRs that are on non-accrual are comprised of loans that have been 90 days or more past due at some point in time. These loans are not placed on accruing status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate collectibility of the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured as evidenced by a period of satisfactory performance of greater than six months. Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, and result in potential incremental losses which are factored into the allowance for loan losses estimate.

Excluding purchased impaired loans, commercial loans whose terms have been modified in a TDR are generally placed on non-accrual, individually analyzed and measured for estimated impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. The Corporation's allowance for loan losses included specific reserves for commercial TDRs of $0 and $41 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Upon default, the amount of the recorded investment in the TDR in excess of the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs is generally considered a confirmed loss and is charged-off against the allowance for loan losses.

All other classes of loans, which are primarily secured by residential properties, whose terms have been modified in a TDR are pooled and measured for estimated impairment based on the expected net present value of the estimated future cash flows of the pool. The Corporation's allowance for loan losses included pooled reserves for these classes of loans of $1,082 and $847 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Upon default of an individual loan, the Corporation's charge-off policy is followed accordingly for that class of loan.

The majority of TDRs are the result of interest rate concessions for a limited period of time. Following is a summary of loans, by class, that have been restructured during the periods indicated:

     Three Months Ended
March 31, 2012
 
     Number
of
Contracts
     Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
     Post-
Modification

Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 

Commercial real estate

     —         $ —         $ —     

Commercial real estate - FL

     —           —           —     

Commercial and industrial

     1         117         73   

Commercial leases

     —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     1         117         73   

Direct installment

     94         600         605   

Residential mortgages

     13         377         416   

Indirect installment

     6         9         9   

Consumer lines of credit

     2         3         3   

Other

     —           —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     116       $ 1,106       $ 1,106   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Following is a summary of TDRs, by class of loans, for which there was a payment default during the periods indicated. Default occurs when a loan is 90 days or more past due and is within 12 months of restructuring.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level that, in management's judgment, is believed adequate to absorb probable losses associated with specifically identified loans, as well as estimated probable credit losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance for loan losses is based on management's evaluation of potential loan losses in the loan portfolio, which includes an assessment of past experience, current economic conditions in specific industries and geographic areas, general economic conditions, known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio, the estimated value of underlying collateral and residuals and changes in the composition of the loan portfolio. Determination of the allowance is inherently subjective as it requires significant estimates, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on historical loss experience and consideration of current environmental factors and economic trends, all of which are susceptible to significant change. Loan losses are charged off against the allowance when the loss actually occurs or when a determination is made that a loss is probable, while recoveries of amounts previously charged off are credited to the allowance. A provision for credit losses is recorded based on management's periodic evaluation of the factors previously mentioned as well as other pertinent factors. Evaluations are conducted at least quarterly and more often as deemed necessary.

Management estimates the allowance for loan losses pursuant to ASC 450, Contingencies, and ASC 310, Receivables. ASC 310 is applied to commercial loans that are individually evaluated for impairment. Under ASC 310, a loan is impaired when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the loan will not be repaid according to its original contractual terms, including both principal and interest. Management performs individual assessments of impaired commercial loan relationships greater than or equal to $500 to determine the existence of loss exposure and, where applicable, the extent of loss exposure based upon the present value of expected future cash flows available to pay the loan, or based upon the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs where a loan is collateral dependent. Commercial loans excluded from individual assessment, as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer installment, residential mortgages, consumer lines of credit and commercial leases, are evaluated for loss exposure under ASC 450 based upon historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans.

During the first quarter of 2012, the Corporation adjusted its methodology for calculating the allowance for loan losses to refine the supporting calculations. The minimum threshold for individual commercial relationships evaluated for impairment and specific valuation under ASC 310 is now $500. The historical loss period for commercial loan loss rate analysis was adjusted to utilize a full 3-year period migration model. These changes along with related higher loss rates for commercial loans under $500 resulted in a slight increase in the overall allowance for loan losses. The changes appropriately reflect inherent loss in the portfolio during this recovery stage of the current economic cycle. The 3-year period captures both a steep economic decline and a moderate recovery.

Management also evaluates the impact of various qualitative factors which pose additional risks that may not adequately be addressed in the analyses described above. Historical loss rates for each loan category may be adjusted for levels of and trends in loan volumes, large exposures, charge-offs, recoveries, delinquency, non-performing and other impaired loans. In addition, management takes into consideration the impact of changes to lending policies; the experience and depth of lending management and staff; the results of internal loan reviews; concentrations of credit; mergers and acquisitions; weighted average risk ratings; competition, legal and regulatory risk; market uncertainty and collateral illiquidity; national and local economic trends; or any other common risk factor that might affect loss experience across one or more components of the portfolio. The assessment of relevant economic factors indicates that the Corporation's primary markets historically tend to lag the national economy, with local economies in the Corporation's primary market areas also improving or weakening, as the case may be, but at a more measured rate than the national trends. Regional economic factors influencing management's estimate of reserves include uncertainty of the labor markets in the regions the Corporation serves and a contracting labor force due, in part, to productivity growth and industry consolidations. The determination of this component of the allowance is particularly dependent on the judgment of management.

 

Following are summaries of changes in the allowance for loan losses by loan class for the periods indicated:

Following are summaries of the individual and collective allowance for loan losses and corresponding loan balances by class for the periods indicated:

     Allowance      Loans Outstanding  
     Individually
Evaluated
for
Impairment
     Collectively
Evaluated
for
Impairment
     Purchased
Credit-
Impaired

Loans
     Loans      Individually
Evaluated
for
Impairment
     Collectively
Evaluated
for

Impairment
     Purchased
Credit-
Impaired

Loans
 

March 31, 2012

                    

Commercial real estate

   $ 2,137       $ 29,305         —         $ 2,521,571       $ 38,086       $ 2,464,278       $ 19,207   

Commercial real estate – FL

     3,389         9,566         —           135,547         39,021         96,526         —     

Commercial and industrial

     556         26,318         —           1,451,144         8,363         1,442,781         —     

Commercial leases

     —           1,669         —           118,050         —           118,050         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     6,082         66,858         —           4,226,312         85,470         4,122,635         19,207   

Direct installment

     —           13,750         —           1,082,964         —           1,082,964         —     

Residential mortgages

     —           4,499         —           1,187,448         —           1,187,448         —     

Indirect installment

     —           5,385         —           563,929         —           563,929         —     

Consumer lines of credit

     —           5,361         —           704,773         —           704,773         —     

Other

     —           158         —           37,366         —           37,366         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 6,082       $ 96,011         —         $ 7,802,792       $ 85,470       $ 7,698,115       $ 19,207   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

December 31, 2011

                    

Commercial real estate

   $ 2,482       $ 27,855         —         $ 2,341,646       $ 36,566       $ 2,289,241       $ 15,839   

Commercial real estate – FL

     2,389         10,557         —           154,081         39,122         114,959         —     

Commercial and industrial

     2,276         23,200         —           1,363,692         7,816         1,355,876         —     

Commercial leases

     —           1,556         —           110,795         —           110,795         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases

     7,147         63,168         —           3,970,214         83,504         3,870,871         15,839   

Direct installment

     —           14,814         —           1,029,187         —           1,029,187         —     

Residential mortgages

     —           4,437         —           670,936         —           670,936         —     

Indirect installment

     —           5,503         —           540,789         —           540,789         —     

Consumer lines of credit

     —           5,447         —           607,280         —           607,280         —     

Other

     —           146         —           38,261         —           38,261         —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 7,147       $ 93,515         —         $ 6,856,667       $ 83,504       $ 6,757,324       $ 15,839