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Securities
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Securities [Abstract]  
Securities

 

SECURITIES

The amortized cost and fair value of securities are as follows:

Securities Available For Sale:

Securities Held To Maturity:

 

     Amortized
Cost
     Gross
Unrealized
Gains
     Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Fair Value  

March 31, 2012

          

U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agencies and corporations

   $ 4,441       $ 340       $ —        $ 4,781   

Residential mortgage-backed securities:

          

Agency mortgage-backed securities

     888,484         29,006         (471     917,019   

Agency collateralized mortgage obligations

     115,104         731         (88     115,747   

Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations

     19,652         107         (1,313     18,446   

States of the U.S. and political subdivisions

     147,990         6,236         (81     154,145   

Collateralized debt obligations

     1,563         —           (176     1,387   

Other debt securities

     1,324         —           (23     1,301   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ 1,178,558       $ 36,420       $ (2,152   $ 1,212,826   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2011

          

U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agencies and corporations

   $ 4,523       $ 360       $ —        $ 4,883   

Residential mortgage-backed securities:

          

Agency mortgage-backed securities

     683,100         28,722         —          711,822   

Agency collateralized mortgage obligations

     54,319         573         (11     54,881   

Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations

     24,348         143         (1,373     23,118   

States of the U.S. and political subdivisions

     147,748         6,877         —          154,625   

Collateralized debt obligations

     1,592         —           (314     1,278   

Other debt securities

     1,582         25         (181     1,426   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ 917,212       $ 36,700       $ (1,879   $ 952,033   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Corporation classifies securities as trading securities when management intends to sell such securities in the near term. Such securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains (losses) reflected through the consolidated statement of income. The Corporation classified certain securities acquired in conjunction with the Parkvale and CBI acquisitions as trading securities. The Corporation both acquired and sold these trading securities during the quarters in which each of these acquisitions occurred. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Corporation did not hold any trading securities.

 

Gross gains and gross losses were realized on securities as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended  
     March 31,  
     2012     2011  

Gross gains

   $ 349      $ 250   

Gross losses

     (241     (196
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
   $ 108      $ 54   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of March 31, 2012, the amortized cost and fair value of securities, by contractual maturities, were as follows:

 

     Available for Sale      Held to Maturity  
     Amortized
Cost
     Fair
Value
     Amortized
Cost
     Fair
Value
 

Due in one year or less

   $ 27,164       $ 27,213       $ 7,731       $ 7,826   

Due from one to five years

     346,262         346,200         12,313         12,873   

Due from five to ten years

     21,405         22,401         43,678         45,470   

Due after ten years

     64,617         50,753         91,596         95,445   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     459,448         446,567         155,318         161,614   

Residential mortgage-backed securities:

           

Agency mortgage-backed securities

     337,045         342,654         888,484         917,019   

Agency collateralized mortgage obligations

     299,109         302,330         115,104         115,747   

Non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations

     3,866         3,842         19,652         18,446   

Equity securities

     2,055         2,408         —           —     
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 1,101,523       $ 1,097,801       $ 1,178,558       $ 1,212,826   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Maturities may differ from contractual terms because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. Periodic payments are received on mortgage-backed securities based on the payment patterns of the underlying collateral.

At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, securities with a carrying value of $587,865 and $547,727, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits, trust deposits and for other purposes as required by law. Securities with a carrying value of $747,289 and $680,212 at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, were pledged as collateral for short-term borrowings.

Following are summaries of the fair values and unrealized losses of securities, segregated by length of impairment:

Securities available for sale:

As of March 31, 2012, securities with unrealized losses for less than 12 months include 10 investments in U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agencies and corporations, 15 investments in residential mortgage-backed securities (10 investments in agency mortgage-backed securities, 1 investment in an agency collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) and 4 investments in non-agency CMOs), 3 investments in states of the U.S. and political subdivisions, 8 investments in collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and 2 investments in equity securities. Securities with unrealized losses of greater than 12 months include 1 investment in a residential mortgage-backed security (non-agency CMO), 13 investments in CDOs, and 5 investments in other debt securities as of March 31, 2012. The Corporation does not intend to sell the debt securities and it is not more likely than not the Corporation will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis.

The Corporation's unrealized losses on CDOs relate to investments in trust preferred securities (TPS). The Corporation's portfolio of TPS consists of single-issuer and pooled securities. The single-issuer securities are primarily from money-center and large regional banks. The pooled securities consist of securities issued primarily by banks and thrifts, with some of the pools including a limited number of insurance companies. Investments in pooled securities are all in mezzanine tranches except for one investment in a senior tranche, and are secured by over-collateralization or default protection provided by subordinated tranches. The non-credit portion of unrealized losses on investments in TPS is attributable to temporary illiquidity and the uncertainty affecting these markets, as well as changes in interest rates.

 

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment

The Corporation evaluates its investment securities portfolio for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) on a quarterly basis. Impairment is assessed at the individual security level. The Corporation considers an investment security impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its cost or amortized cost basis.

When impairment of an equity security is considered to be other-than-temporary, the security is written down to its fair value and an impairment loss is recorded as a loss within non-interest income in the consolidated statement of income. When impairment of a debt security is considered to be other-than-temporary, the amount of the OTTI recorded as a loss within non-interest income and thereby recognized in earnings depends on whether the Corporation intends to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.

If the Corporation intends to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, OTTI shall be recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the investment's amortized cost basis and its fair value.

If the Corporation does not intend to sell the debt security and it is not more likely than not the Corporation will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, OTTI shall be separated into the amount representing credit loss and the amount related to all other market factors. The amount related to credit loss shall be recognized in earnings. The amount related to other market factors shall be recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes.

The Corporation performs its OTTI evaluation process in a consistent and systematic manner and includes an evaluation of all available evidence. Documentation of the process is as extensive as necessary to support a conclusion as to whether a decline in fair value below cost or amortized cost is temporary or other-than-temporary and includes documentation supporting both observable and unobservable inputs and a rationale for conclusions reached. In making these determinations for pooled TPS, the Corporation consults with third-party advisory firms to provide additional valuation assistance.

This process considers factors such as the severity, length of time and anticipated recovery period of the impairment, recoveries or additional declines in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date, recent events specific to the issuer, including investment downgrades by rating agencies and economic conditions in its industry, and the issuer's financial condition, repayment capacity, capital strength and near-term prospects.

For debt securities, the Corporation also considers the payment structure of the debt security, the likelihood of the issuer being able to make future payments, failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest and principal payments, whether the Corporation has made a decision to sell the security and whether the Corporation's cash or working capital requirements or contractual or regulatory obligations indicate that the debt security will be required to be sold before a forecasted recovery occurs. For equity securities, the Corporation also considers its intent and ability to retain the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for a recovery in fair value. Among the factors that the Corporation considers in determining its intent and ability to retain the security is a review of its capital adequacy, interest rate risk position and liquidity. The assessment of a security's ability to recover any decline in fair value, the ability of the issuer to meet contractual obligations, the Corporation's intent and ability to retain the security, and whether it is more likely than not the Corporation will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis require considerable judgment.

Debt securities with credit ratings below AA at the time of purchase that are repayment-sensitive securities are evaluated using the guidance of ASC 325, Investments - Other. All other securities are required to be evaluated under ASC 320, Investments – Debt Securities.

The Corporation invested in TPS issued by special purpose vehicles (SPVs) which hold pools of collateral consisting of trust preferred and subordinated debt securities issued by banks, bank holding companies, thrifts and insurance companies. The securities issued by the SPVs are generally segregated into several classes known as tranches. Typically, the structure includes senior, mezzanine and equity tranches. The equity tranche represents the first loss position. The Corporation generally holds interests in mezzanine tranches. Interest and principal collected from the collateral held by the SPVs are distributed with a priority that provides the highest level of protection to the senior-most tranches. In order to provide a high level of protection to the senior tranches, cash flows are diverted to higher-level tranches if the principal and interest coverage tests are not met.

 

The Corporation prices its holdings of TPS using Level 3 inputs in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, and guidance issued by the SEC. In this regard, the Corporation evaluates current available information in estimating the future cash flows of these securities and determines whether there have been favorable or adverse changes in estimated cash flows from the cash flows previously projected. The Corporation considers the structure and term of the pool and the financial condition of the underlying issuers. Specifically, the evaluation incorporates factors such as over-collateralization and interest coverage tests, interest rates and appropriate risk premiums, the timing and amount of interest and principal payments and the allocation of payments to the various tranches. Current estimates of cash flows are based on the most recent trustee reports, announcements of deferrals or defaults, and assumptions regarding expected future default rates, prepayment and recovery rates and other relevant information. In constructing these assumptions, the Corporation considers the following:

 

   

that current defaults would have no recovery;

 

   

that some individually analyzed deferrals will cure at rates varying from 10% to 90% after the deferral period ends;

 

   

recent historical performance metrics, including profitability, capital ratios, loan charge-offs and loan reserve ratios, for the underlying institutions that would indicate a higher probability of default by the institution;

 

   

that institutions identified as possessing a higher probability of default would recover at a rate of 10% for banks and 15% for insurance companies;

 

   

that financial performance of the financial sector continues to be affected by the economic environment resulting in an expectation of additional deferrals and defaults in the future;

 

   

whether the security is currently deferring interest; and

 

   

the external rating of the security and recent changes to its external rating.

The primary evidence utilized by the Corporation is the level of current deferrals and defaults, the level of excess subordination that allows for receipt of full principal and interest, the credit rating for each security and the likelihood that future deferrals and defaults will occur at a level that will fully erode the excess subordination based on an assessment of the underlying collateral. The Corporation combines the results of these factors considered in estimating the future cash flows of these securities to determine whether there has been an adverse change in estimated cash flows from the cash flows previously projected.

The Corporation's portfolio of trust preferred CDOs consists of 29 pooled issues and six single issue securities. Two of the pooled issues are senior tranches; the remaining 27 are mezzanine tranches. At March 31, 2012, the 29 pooled TPS had an estimated fair value of $24,192 while the single-issuer TPS had an estimated fair value of $7,786. The Corporation has concluded from the analysis performed at March 31, 2012 that it is probable that the Corporation will collect all contractual principal and interest payments on all of its single-issuer and pooled TPS sufficient to recover the amortized cost basis of the securities.

The Corporation did not recognize any impairment losses on securities for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011.

At March 31, 2012, nine of the 12 pooled TPS on which OTTI has been previously recognized were classified as non-performing investments. The other three of the 12 investments on which OTTI was taken in prior years have returned to performing status due to improvements in expected cash flows with income of $133 accreted beginning in the first quarter of 2012.

 

The following table presents a summary of the cumulative credit-related OTTI charges recognized as components of earnings for securities for which a portion of an OTTI is recognized in other comprehensive income:

 

     March 31,
2012
    December 31,
2011
 

Beginning balance of the amount related to credit loss for which a portion of OTTI was recognized in other comprehensive income

   $ (18,398   $ (18,332

Additions related to credit loss for securities with previously recognized OTTI

     —          (37

Additions related to credit loss for securities with initial OTTI

     —          (29
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance of the amount related to credit loss for which a portion of OTTI was recognized in other comprehensive income

   $ (18,398   $ (18,398
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

TPS continue to experience price volatility as the secondary market for such securities remains limited. Write-downs, when required, are based on an individual security's credit performance and its ability to make its contractual principal and interest payments. Should credit quality deteriorate to a greater extent than projected, it is possible that additional write-downs may be required. The Corporation monitors actual deferrals and defaults as well as expected future deferrals and defaults to determine if there is a high probability for expected losses and contractual shortfalls of interest or principal, which could warrant further impairment. The Corporation evaluates its entire TPS portfolio each quarter to determine if additional write-downs are warranted.

 

The following table provides information relating to the Corporation's TPS as of March 31, 2012:

 

 

States of the U.S. and Political Subdivisions

The Corporation's municipal bond portfolio of $182,881 as of March 31, 2012 is highly rated with an average rating of AA and 99.8% of the portfolio rated A or better. General obligation bonds comprise 99.5% of the portfolio. Geographically, the municipal bonds support the Corporation's footprint as 76.8% of the securities are from municipalities located throughout Pennsylvania. The average holding size of the securities in the municipal bond portfolio is $1,010. This portfolio is also supported by underlying insurance as 77.4% of the securities have credit support.

Non-Agency CMOs

The Corporation purchased $161,151 of non-agency CMOs from 2003 through 2005. At the time of purchase, these securities were all rated AAA, with an original average loan-to-value (LTV) ratio of 66.1% and original credit score of 724. At origination, the credit support, or the amount of loss the collateral pool could absorb before the AAA securities would incur a credit loss, ranged from 2.0% to 7.0%. Since the time of these original purchases, all of which are classified as held to maturity, two holdings have been sold and one holding has paid off. The Corporation acquired an additional $42,870 of non-agency CMOs from acquisitions, retaining $4,298 and selling $38,572. These acquired securities are classified as available for sale. Non-agency CMOs have a book value of $23,518 at March 31, 2012. Paydowns during the first three months of 2012 amounted to $2,704, an annualized paydown rate of 37.7%. The credit support range at March 31, 2012 was 4.0% to 20.5%, due to paydowns, continued good credit performance and the sale of one non-agency CMO having a book value of $2,848 during the first quarter of 2012. National delinquencies, an early warning sign of potential default, have been increasing for the past five years. The slight upward trend of the rate of delinquencies throughout 2011 has continued through the first quarter of 2012. All non-agency CMO holdings are current with regards to principal and interest.

The rating agencies monitor the underlying collateral performance of these non-agency CMOs for delinquencies, foreclosures and defaults. They also factor in trends in bankruptcies and housing values to ultimately arrive at an expected loss for a given piece of defaulted collateral. Based on deteriorating performance of the collateral, many of these types of securities have been downgraded by the rating agencies. For the Corporation's portfolio, six of the eleven non-agency CMOs have been downgraded since the original purchase date.

The Corporation determines its credit-related losses by running scenario analysis on the underlying collateral. This analysis applies default assumptions to delinquencies already in the pipeline, projects future defaults based in part on the historical trends for the collateral, applies a rate of severity and estimates prepayment rates. Because of the limited historical trends for the collateral, multiple default scenarios were analyzed including scenarios that significantly elevate defaults over the next 12—18 months. Based on the results of the analysis, the Corporation's management has concluded that there are currently no credit-related losses in its non-agency CMO portfolio. The one non-agency CMO that incurred a credit-related loss in 2011 was sold in March 2012 as a result of further credit deterioration and resulted in a net loss on sale of $226, which was recognized in first quarter 2012 earnings.

The following table provides information relating to the Corporation's non-agency CMOs as of March 31, 2012: