XML 26 R15.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.8.0.1
LOANS AND LEASES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS AND LEASES
LOANS AND LEASES
Following is a summary of loans and leases, net of unearned income:

(in thousands)
Originated
Loans and
Leases
 
Acquired
Loans
 
Total
Loans and
Leases
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
5,465,150

 
$
3,346,325

 
$
8,811,475

Commercial and industrial
3,688,120

 
591,849

 
4,279,969

Commercial leases
279,582

 

 
279,582

Other
39,347

 

 
39,347

Total commercial loans and leases
9,472,199

 
3,938,174

 
13,410,373

Direct installment
1,737,242

 
134,397

 
1,871,639

Residential mortgages
2,131,338

 
630,763

 
2,762,101

Indirect installment
1,524,330

 
171

 
1,524,501

Consumer lines of credit
1,135,488

 
558,295

 
1,693,783

Total consumer loans
6,528,398

 
1,323,626

 
7,852,024

Total loans and leases, net of unearned income
$
16,000,597

 
$
5,261,800

 
$
21,262,397

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
5,174,783

 
$
3,567,081

 
$
8,741,864

Commercial and industrial
3,495,247

 
675,420

 
4,170,667

Commercial leases
266,720

 

 
266,720

Other
17,063

 

 
17,063

Total commercial loans and leases
8,953,813

 
4,242,501

 
13,196,314

Direct installment
1,755,713

 
149,822

 
1,905,535

Residential mortgages
2,036,226

 
666,465

 
2,702,691

Indirect installment
1,448,268

 
165

 
1,448,433

Consumer lines of credit
1,151,470

 
594,323

 
1,745,793

Total consumer loans
6,391,677

 
1,410,775

 
7,802,452

Total loans and leases, net of unearned income
$
15,345,490

 
$
5,653,276

 
$
20,998,766


The loans and leases portfolio categories are comprised of the following:
Commercial real estate includes both owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied loans secured by commercial properties;
Commercial and industrial includes loans to businesses that are not secured by real estate;
Commercial leases consist of leases for new or used equipment;
Other is comprised primarily of credit cards and mezzanine loans;
Direct installment is comprised of fixed-rate, closed-end consumer loans for personal, family or household use, such as home equity loans and automobile loans;
Residential mortgages consist of conventional and jumbo mortgage loans for 1-4 family properties;
Indirect installment is comprised of loans originated by approved third parties and underwritten by us, primarily automobile loans; and
Consumer lines of credit include home equity lines of credit and consumer lines of credit that are either unsecured or secured by collateral other than home equity.
The loans and leases portfolio consists principally of loans to individuals and small- and medium-sized businesses within our primary market areas of Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and northern West Virginia.
The following table shows certain information relating to commercial real estate loans:
 
(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2018
 
December 31,
2017
Commercial construction, acquisition and development loans
$
1,167,699

 
$
1,170,175

Percent of total loans and leases
5.5
%
 
5.6
%
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
Percent owner-occupied
35.2
%
 
35.3
%
Percent non-owner-occupied
64.8
%
 
64.7
%

Acquired Loans
All acquired loans were initially recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. Refer to the Acquired Loans section in Note 1 of our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of ASC 310-20 and ASC 310-30 loans. The outstanding balance and the carrying amount of acquired loans included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:
(in thousands)
March 31,
2018
 
December 31,
2017
Accounted for under ASC 310-30:
 
 
 
Outstanding balance
$
4,853,516

 
$
5,176,015

Carrying amount
4,521,926

 
4,834,256

Accounted for under ASC 310-20:
 
 
 
Outstanding balance
754,251

 
835,130

Carrying amount
733,037

 
812,322

Total acquired loans:
 
 
 
Outstanding balance
5,607,767

 
6,011,145

Carrying amount
5,254,963

 
5,646,578


The outstanding balance is the undiscounted sum of all amounts owed under the loan, including amounts deemed principal, interest, fees, penalties and other, whether or not currently due and whether or not any such amounts have been written or charged-off.
The carrying amount of purchased credit impaired loans included in the table above totaled $1.7 million at March 31, 2018 and $1.9 million at December 31, 2017, representing 0.03% of the carrying amount of total acquired loans as of each date.
The following table provides changes in accretable yield for all acquired loans accounted for under ASC 310-30. Loans accounted for under ASC 310-20 are not included in this table.

 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in thousands)
2018
 
2017
Balance at beginning of period
$
708,481

 
$
467,070

Acquisitions

 
443,261

Reduction due to unexpected early payoffs
(25,833
)
 
(20,560
)
Reclass from non-accretable difference
64,216

 
23,106

Disposals/transfers
(57
)
 
(36
)
Other
(403
)
 

Accretion
(59,079
)
 
(25,241
)
Balance at end of period
$
687,325

 
$
887,600


Cash flows expected to be collected on acquired loans are estimated quarterly by incorporating several key assumptions similar to the initial estimate of fair value. These key assumptions include probability of default and the amount of actual prepayments after the acquisition date. Prepayments affect the estimated life of the loans and could change the amount of interest income, and possibly principal expected to be collected. In reforecasting future estimated cash flows, credit loss expectations are adjusted as necessary. Improved cash flow expectations for loans or pools are recorded first as a reversal of previously recorded impairment, if any, and then as an increase in prospective yield when all previously recorded impairment has been recaptured. Decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment through a charge to the provision for credit losses and credit to the allowance for credit losses.
During the three months ended March 31, 2018, there was an overall improvement in cash flow expectations which resulted in a net reclassification of $64.2 million from the non-accretable difference to accretable yield. This reclassification was $23.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The reclassification from the non-accretable difference to the accretable yield results in prospective yield adjustments on the loan pools.
Credit Quality
Management monitors the credit quality of our loan portfolio using several performance measures to do so based on payment activity and borrower performance.
Non-performing loans include non-accrual loans and non-performing TDRs. Past due loans are reviewed on a monthly basis to identify loans for non-accrual status. We place originated loans on non-accrual status and discontinue interest accruals on originated loans generally when principal or interest is due and has remained unpaid for a certain number of days or when the full amount of principal and interest is due and has remained unpaid for a certain number of days, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Commercial loans and leases are placed on non-accrual at 90 days, installment loans are placed on non-accrual at 120 days and residential mortgages and consumer lines of credit are generally placed on non-accrual at 180 days, though we may place a loan on non-accrual prior to these past due thresholds as warranted. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Non-accrual loans may not be restored to accrual status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate ability to collect the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured. The majority of TDRs are loans in which we have granted a concession on the interest rate or the original repayment terms due to the borrower’s financial distress.
Following is a summary of non-performing assets:

(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2018
 
December 31,
2017
Non-accrual loans
$
77,684

 
$
74,635

Troubled debt restructurings
24,452

 
23,481

Total non-performing loans
102,136

 
98,116

Other real estate owned
40,980

 
40,606

Total non-performing assets
$
143,116

 
$
138,722

Asset quality ratios:
 
 
 
Non-performing loans / total loans and leases
0.48
%
 
0.47
%
Non-performing loans + OREO / total loans and leases + OREO
0.67
%
 
0.66
%
Non-performing assets / total assets
0.45
%
 
0.44
%

The carrying value of residential other real estate owned held as a result of obtaining physical possession upon completion of a foreclosure or through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure amounted to $4.8 million at March 31, 2018 and $3.6 million at December 31, 2017. The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 totaled $13.8 million and $15.2 million, respectively.
The following tables provide an analysis of the aging of loans by class segregated by loans and leases originated and loans acquired:
(in thousands)
30-89 Days
Past Due
 
> 90 Days
Past Due
and Still
Accruing
 
Non-
Accrual
 
Total
Past Due
 
Current
 
Total
Loans and
Leases
Originated Loans and Leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
8,345

 
$
1

 
$
27,349

 
$
35,695

 
$
5,429,455

 
$
5,465,150

Commercial and industrial
6,793

 
3

 
19,705

 
26,501

 
3,661,619

 
3,688,120

Commercial leases
692

 

 
1,399

 
2,091

 
277,491

 
279,582

Other
183

 
73

 
1,000

 
1,256

 
38,091

 
39,347

Total commercial loans and leases
16,013

 
77

 
49,453

 
65,543

 
9,406,656

 
9,472,199

Direct installment
8,129

 
3,913

 
8,411

 
20,453

 
1,716,789

 
1,737,242

Residential mortgages
14,870

 
1,982

 
5,254

 
22,106

 
2,109,232

 
2,131,338

Indirect installment
6,850

 
511

 
2,234

 
9,595

 
1,514,735

 
1,524,330

Consumer lines of credit
4,550

 
821

 
2,769

 
8,140

 
1,127,348

 
1,135,488

Total consumer loans
34,399

 
7,227

 
18,668

 
60,294

 
6,468,104

 
6,528,398

Total originated loans and leases
$
50,412

 
$
7,304

 
$
68,121

 
$
125,837

 
$
15,874,760

 
$
16,000,597

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
8,273

 
$
1

 
$
24,773

 
$
33,047

 
$
5,141,736

 
$
5,174,783

Commercial and industrial
8,948

 
3

 
17,077

 
26,028

 
3,469,219

 
3,495,247

Commercial leases
1,382

 
41

 
1,574

 
2,997

 
263,723

 
266,720

Other
83

 
153

 
1,000

 
1,236

 
15,827

 
17,063

Total commercial loans and leases
18,686

 
198

 
44,424

 
63,308

 
8,890,505

 
8,953,813

Direct installment
13,192

 
4,466

 
8,896

 
26,554

 
1,729,159

 
1,755,713

Residential mortgages
14,096

 
2,832

 
5,771

 
22,699

 
2,013,527

 
2,036,226

Indirect installment
10,313

 
611

 
2,240

 
13,164

 
1,435,104

 
1,448,268

Consumer lines of credit
5,859

 
1,014

 
2,313

 
9,186

 
1,142,284

 
1,151,470

Total consumer loans
43,460

 
8,923

 
19,220

 
71,603

 
6,320,074

 
6,391,677

Total originated loans and leases
$
62,146

 
$
9,121

 
$
63,644

 
$
134,911

 
$
15,210,579

 
$
15,345,490


(in thousands)
30-89
Days
Past Due
 
> 90 Days
Past Due
and Still
Accruing
 
Non-
Accrual
 
Total
Past
Due (1) (2)
 
Current
 
(Discount) Premium
 
Total
Loans
Acquired Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
32,697

 
$
64,550

 
$
3,735

 
$
100,982

 
$
3,433,231

 
$
(187,888
)
 
$
3,346,325

Commercial and industrial
5,135

 
4,617

 
4,652

 
14,404

 
612,354

 
(34,909
)
 
591,849

Total commercial loans
37,832

 
69,167

 
8,387

 
115,386

 
4,045,585

 
(222,797
)
 
3,938,174

Direct installment
2,826

 
1,746

 

 
4,572

 
128,754

 
1,071

 
134,397

Residential mortgages
15,113

 
13,059

 

 
28,172

 
642,966

 
(40,375
)
 
630,763

Indirect installment

 
1

 

 
1

 
7

 
163

 
171

Consumer lines of credit
5,357

 
2,139

 
1,176

 
8,672

 
561,906

 
(12,283
)
 
558,295

Total consumer loans
23,296

 
16,945

 
1,176

 
41,417

 
1,333,633

 
(51,424
)
 
1,323,626

Total acquired loans
$
61,128

 
$
86,112

 
$
9,563

 
$
156,803

 
$
5,379,218

 
$
(274,221
)
 
$
5,261,800

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
34,928

 
$
63,092

 
$
3,975

 
$
101,995

 
$
3,657,152

 
$
(192,066
)
 
$
3,567,081

Commercial and industrial
3,187

 
6,452

 
5,663

 
15,302

 
698,265

 
(38,147
)
 
675,420

Total commercial loans
38,115

 
69,544

 
9,638

 
117,297

 
4,355,417

 
(230,213
)
 
4,242,501

Direct installment
5,267

 
2,013

 

 
7,280

 
141,386

 
1,156

 
149,822

Residential mortgages
17,191

 
15,139

 

 
32,330

 
675,499

 
(41,364
)
 
666,465

Indirect installment

 
1

 

 
1

 
10

 
154

 
165

Consumer lines of credit
6,353

 
3,253

 
1,353

 
10,959

 
596,298

 
(12,934
)
 
594,323

Total consumer loans
28,811

 
20,406

 
1,353

 
50,570

 
1,413,193

 
(52,988
)
 
1,410,775

Total acquired loans
$
66,926

 
$
89,950

 
$
10,991

 
$
167,867

 
$
5,768,610

 
$
(283,201
)
 
$
5,653,276


(1)
Past due information for acquired loans is based on the contractual balance outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
(2)
Acquired loans are considered performing upon acquisition, regardless of whether the customer is contractually delinquent, if we can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of expected cash flows on such loans. In these instances, we do not consider acquired contractually delinquent loans to be non-accrual or non-performing and continue to recognize interest income on these loans using the accretion method. Acquired loans are considered non-accrual or non-performing when, due to credit deterioration or other factors, we determine we are no longer able to reasonably estimate the timing and amount of expected cash flows on such loans. We do not recognize interest income on acquired loans considered non-accrual or non-performing.
We utilize the following categories to monitor credit quality within our commercial loan and lease portfolio:

Rating
Category
Definition
Pass
in general, the condition of the borrower and the performance of the loan is satisfactory or better
 
 
Special Mention
in general, the condition of the borrower has deteriorated, requiring an increased level of monitoring
 
 
Substandard
in general, the condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the performance of the loan could further deteriorate if deficiencies are not corrected
 
 
Doubtful
in general, the condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the collection in full of both principal and interest is highly questionable or improbable
The use of these internally assigned credit quality categories within the commercial loan and lease portfolio permits management’s use of transition matrices to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. Our internal credit risk grading system is based on past experiences with similarly graded loans and leases and conforms with regulatory categories. In general, loan and lease risk ratings within each category are reviewed on an ongoing basis according to our policy for each class of loans and leases. Each quarter, management analyzes the resulting ratings, as well as other external statistics and factors such as delinquency, to track the migration performance of the commercial loan and lease portfolio. Loans and leases within the Pass credit category or that migrate toward the Pass credit category generally have a lower risk of loss compared to loans and leases that migrate toward the Substandard or Doubtful credit categories. Accordingly, management applies higher risk factors to Substandard and Doubtful credit categories.
The following tables present a summary of our commercial loans and leases by credit quality category, segregated by loans and leases originated and loans acquired:

 
Commercial Loan and Lease Credit Quality Categories
(in thousands)
Pass
 
Special
Mention
 
Substandard
 
Doubtful
 
Total
Originated Loans and Leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
5,195,183

 
$
148,120

 
$
121,542

 
$
305

 
$
5,465,150

Commercial and industrial
3,412,745

 
191,627

 
80,803

 
2,945

 
3,688,120

Commercial leases
269,837

 
3,518

 
6,227

 

 
279,582

Other
38,231

 
43

 
1,073

 

 
39,347

Total originated commercial loans and leases
$
8,915,996

 
$
343,308

 
$
209,645

 
$
3,250

 
$
9,472,199

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
4,922,872

 
$
152,744

 
$
98,728

 
$
439

 
$
5,174,783

Commercial and industrial
3,266,966

 
132,975

 
92,091

 
3,215

 
3,495,247

Commercial leases
260,235

 
4,425

 
2,060

 

 
266,720

Other
15,866

 
43

 
1,154

 

 
17,063

Total originated commercial loans and leases
$
8,465,939

 
$
290,187

 
$
194,033

 
$
3,654

 
$
8,953,813

Acquired Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
2,877,345

 
$
225,364

 
$
243,402

 
$
214

 
$
3,346,325

Commercial and industrial
520,361

 
28,166

 
43,314

 
8

 
591,849

Total acquired commercial loans
$
3,397,706

 
$
253,530

 
$
286,716

 
$
222

 
$
3,938,174

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
3,102,788

 
$
250,987

 
$
213,089

 
$
217

 
$
3,567,081

Commercial and industrial
603,611

 
26,059

 
45,661

 
89

 
675,420

Total acquired commercial loans
$
3,706,399

 
$
277,046

 
$
258,750

 
$
306

 
$
4,242,501


Credit quality information for acquired loans is based on the contractual balance outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017.
We use delinquency transition matrices within the consumer and other loan classes to enable management to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. Each month, management analyzes payment and volume activity, Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) scores and other external factors such as unemployment, to determine how consumer loans are performing.
Following is a table showing consumer loans by payment status:

 
Consumer Loan Credit Quality
by Payment Status
(in thousands)
Performing
 
Non-
Performing
 
Total
Originated loans
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
Direct installment
$
1,721,589

 
$
15,653

 
$
1,737,242

Residential mortgages
2,115,204

 
16,134

 
2,131,338

Indirect installment
1,521,906

 
2,424

 
1,524,330

Consumer lines of credit
1,130,978

 
4,510

 
1,135,488

Total originated consumer loans
$
6,489,677

 
$
38,721

 
$
6,528,398

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
Direct installment
$
1,739,060

 
$
16,653

 
$
1,755,713

Residential mortgages
2,019,816

 
16,410

 
2,036,226

Indirect installment
1,445,833

 
2,435

 
1,448,268

Consumer lines of credit
1,147,576

 
3,894

 
1,151,470

Total originated consumer loans
$
6,352,285

 
$
39,392

 
$
6,391,677

Acquired loans
 
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
Direct installment
$
134,327

 
$
70

 
$
134,397

Residential mortgages
630,763

 

 
630,763

Indirect installment
171

 

 
171

Consumer lines of credit
556,633

 
1,662

 
558,295

Total acquired consumer loans
$
1,321,894

 
$
1,732

 
$
1,323,626

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
Direct installment
$
149,751

 
$
71

 
$
149,822

Residential mortgages
666,465

 

 
666,465

Indirect installment
165

 

 
165

Consumer lines of credit
592,384

 
1,939

 
594,323

Total acquired consumer loans
$
1,408,765

 
$
2,010

 
$
1,410,775


Loans and leases are designated as impaired when, in the opinion of management, based on current information and events, the collection of principal and interest in accordance with the loan and lease contract is doubtful. Typically, we do not consider loans and leases for impairment unless a sustained period of delinquency (i.e., 90-plus days) is noted or there are subsequent events that impact repayment probability (i.e., negative financial trends, bankruptcy filings, imminent foreclosure proceedings, etc.). Impairment is evaluated in the aggregate for consumer installment loans, residential mortgages, consumer lines of credit and commercial loan and lease relationships less than $0.5 million based on loan and lease segment loss given default. For commercial loan and lease relationships greater than or equal to $0.5 million, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a market interest rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Consistent with our existing method of income recognition for loans and leases, interest income on impaired loans, except those classified as non-accrual, is recognized using the accrual method. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.
Following is a summary of information pertaining to originated loans and leases considered to be impaired, by class of loan and lease:

(in thousands)
Unpaid
Contractual
Principal
Balance
 
Recorded
Investment
With No
Specific
Reserve
 
Recorded
Investment
With
Specific
Reserve
 
Total
Recorded
Investment
 
Specific
Reserve
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
At or for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
30,584

 
$
25,478

 
$
1,751

 
$
27,229

 
$
305

 
$
25,988

Commercial and industrial
26,034

 
15,859

 
5,007

 
20,866

 
2,945

 
20,479

Commercial leases
1,399

 
1,399

 

 
1,399

 

 
1,486

Other

 

 

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases
58,017

 
42,736

 
6,758

 
49,494

 
3,250

 
47,953

Direct installment
18,623

 
15,653

 

 
15,653

 

 
16,153

Residential mortgages
17,448

 
16,134

 

 
16,134

 

 
16,272

Indirect installment
4,648

 
2,424

 

 
2,424

 

 
2,429

Consumer lines of credit
5,698

 
4,510

 

 
4,510

 

 
4,202

Total consumer loans
46,417

 
38,721

 

 
38,721

 

 
39,056

Total
$
104,434

 
$
81,457

 
$
6,758

 
$
88,215

 
$
3,250

 
$
87,009

At or for the Year Ended
December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
$
27,718

 
$
21,748

 
$
2,906

 
$
24,654

 
$
439

 
$
24,413

Commercial and industrial
29,307

 
11,595

 
4,457

 
16,052

 
3,215

 
23,907

Commercial leases
1,574

 
1,574

 

 
1,574

 

 
1,386

Other

 

 

 

 

 

Total commercial loans and leases
58,599

 
34,917

 
7,363

 
42,280

 
3,654

 
49,706

Direct installment
19,375

 
16,653

 

 
16,653

 

 
16,852

Residential mortgages
17,754

 
16,410

 

 
16,410

 

 
15,984

Indirect installment
5,709

 
2,435

 

 
2,435

 

 
2,279

Consumer lines of credit
5,039

 
3,894

 

 
3,894

 

 
3,815

Total consumer loans
47,877

 
39,392

 

 
39,392

 

 
38,930

Total
$
106,476

 
$
74,309

 
$
7,363

 
$
81,672

 
$
3,654

 
$
88,636










Interest income continued to accrue on certain impaired loans and totaled approximately $1.6 million and $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The above tables do not reflect the additional allowance for credit losses relating to acquired loans. Following is a summary of the allowance for credit losses required for acquired loans due to changes in credit quality subsequent to the acquisition date:
(in thousands)
March 31,
2018
 
December 31,
2017
Commercial real estate
$
2,732

 
$
4,976

Commercial and industrial
1,785

 
(415
)
Total commercial loans
4,517

 
4,561

Direct installment
1,804

 
1,553

Residential mortgages
518

 
484

Indirect installment
240

 
177

Consumer lines of credit
(242
)
 
(77
)
Total consumer loans
2,320

 
2,137

Total allowance on acquired loans
$
6,837

 
$
6,698


Troubled Debt Restructurings
TDRs are loans whose contractual terms have been modified in a manner that grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. TDRs typically result from loss mitigation activities and could include the extension of a maturity date, interest rate reduction, principal forgiveness, deferral or decrease in payments for a period of time and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral.
Following is a summary of the composition of total TDRs:
 
(in thousands)
Originated
 
Acquired
 
Total
March 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
Accruing:
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
$
19,525

 
$
249

 
$
19,774

Non-performing
21,283

 
3,169

 
24,452

Non-accrual
10,668

 
357

 
11,025

Total TDRs
$
51,476

 
$
3,775

 
$
55,251

December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
Accruing:
 
 
 
 
 
Performing
$
19,538

 
$
266

 
$
19,804

Non-performing
20,173

 
3,308

 
23,481

Non-accrual
10,472

 
234

 
10,706

Total TDRs
$
50,183

 
$
3,808

 
$
53,991


TDRs that are accruing and performing include loans that met the criteria for non-accrual of interest prior to restructuring for which we can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of the expected cash flows on such loans and for which we expect to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, we returned to performing status $1.2 million in restructured residential mortgage loans that have consistently met their modified obligations for more than six months. TDRs that are accruing and non-performing are comprised of consumer loans that have not demonstrated a consistent repayment pattern on the modified terms for more than six months, however it is expected that we will collect all future principal and interest payments. TDRs that are on non-accrual are not placed on accruing status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate collectability of the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured. Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, and may result in potential incremental losses which are factored into the allowance for credit losses.
Excluding purchased impaired loans, commercial loans over $0.5 million whose terms have been modified in a TDR are generally placed on non-accrual, individually analyzed and measured for estimated impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. Our allowance for credit losses included specific reserves for commercial TDRs and pooled reserves for individually impaired loans under $0.5 million based on loan segment loss given default. Upon default, the amount of the recorded investment in the TDR in excess of the fair value of the collateral, less estimated selling costs, is generally considered a confirmed loss and is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. The reserve for commercial TDRs included in the allowance for credit losses is presented in the following table:
 
(in thousands)
March 31,
2018
 
December 31,
2017
Specific reserves for commercial TDRs
$
726

 
$
95

Pooled reserves for individual commercial loans
519

 
469


All other classes of loans, which are primarily secured by residential properties, whose terms have been modified in a TDR are pooled and measured for estimated impairment based on the expected net present value of the estimated future cash flows of the pool. Our allowance for credit losses included pooled reserves for these classes of loans of $4.0 million for both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Upon default of an individual loan, our charge-off policy is followed accordingly for that class of loan.
Following is a summary of TDR loans, by class:

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)
Number
of
Contracts
 
Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Commercial real estate
1

 
$
328

 
$
328

Commercial and industrial
1

 
1,687

 
1,230

Total commercial loans
2

 
2,015

 
1,558

Direct installment
182

 
1,135

 
1,056

Residential mortgages
11

 
501

 
504

Indirect installment
9

 
13

 
12

Consumer lines of credit
21

 
352

 
287

Total consumer loans
223

 
2,001

 
1,859

Total
225

 
$
4,016

 
$
3,417

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands)
Number
of
Contracts
 
Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Commercial real estate
1

 
$
114

 
$
109

Commercial and industrial

 

 

Total commercial loans
1

 
114

 
109

Direct installment
171

 
1,488

 
1,412

Residential mortgages
8

 
163

 
176

Indirect installment
5

 
17

 
14

Consumer lines of credit
22

 
742

 
729

Total consumer loans
206

 
2,410

 
2,331

Total
207

 
$
2,524

 
$
2,440


Following is a summary of originated TDRs, by class, for which there was a payment default, excluding loans that were either charged-off or cured by period end. Default occurs when a loan is 90 days or more past due and is within 12 months of restructuring.
 
 
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)
Number of
Contracts
 
Recorded
Investment
Direct installment
45

 
$
130

Residential mortgages
4

 
190

Indirect installment
5

 
10

Consumer lines of credit
1

 
196

Total consumer loans
55

 
526

Total
55

 
$
526


 
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands)
Number of
Contracts
 
Recorded
Investment
Direct installment
29

 
$
82

Residential mortgages
2

 
224

Indirect installment
6

 
10

Consumer lines of credit
1

 
34

Total consumer loans
38

 
350

Total
38

 
$
350