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Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies

Basis of Presentation - The operations of NextEra Energy, Inc. (NEE) are conducted primarily through its wholly-owned subsidiary Florida Power & Light Company (FPL) and its wholly-owned indirect subsidiary NextEra Energy Resources, LLC (NEER).  FPL, a rate-regulated electric utility, supplies electric service to approximately 4.6 million customer accounts throughout most of the east and lower west coasts of Florida.  NEER invests in independent power projects through both controlled and consolidated entities and non-controlling ownership interests in joint ventures essentially all of which are accounted for under the equity method.

The consolidated financial statements of NEE and FPL include the accounts of their respective majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries.  All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  Certain amounts included in prior years' consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.  The preparation of financial statements requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Regulation - FPL is subject to regulation by the Florida Public Service Commission (FPSC) and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).  Its rates are designed to recover the cost of providing electric service to its customers including a reasonable rate of return on invested capital.  As a result of this cost-based regulation, FPL follows the accounting guidance that allows regulators to create assets and impose liabilities that would not be recorded by non-rate regulated entities.  Regulatory assets and liabilities represent probable future revenues that will be recovered from or refunded to customers through the ratemaking process.

Cost recovery clauses, which are designed to permit full recovery of certain costs and provide a return on certain assets allowed to be recovered through the various clauses, include substantially all fuel, purchased power and interchange expenses, conservation and certain environmental-related expenses, certain revenue taxes and franchise fees.  Beginning in 2009, pre-construction costs and carrying charges on construction costs for FPL's planned two additional nuclear units at Turkey Point and carrying charges on construction costs for FPL's approximately 450 megawatt (mw) to 490 mw of additional capacity at St. Lucie and Turkey Point are also recoverable through a cost recovery clause.  Also beginning in 2009, costs incurred for FPL's three solar generating facilities are recoverable through a cost recovery clause.  In accordance with the 2010 rate agreement, cost recovery for FPL's West County Energy Center (WCEC) Unit No. 3, which was placed in service in May 2011, is permitted up to the amount of the projected annual fuel savings for customers during the term of the 2010 rate agreement through a cost recovery clause and is reported as retail base revenues.  See Revenues and Rates below.  Revenues from cost recovery clauses are recorded when billed; FPL achieves matching of costs and related revenues by deferring the net underrecovery or overrecovery.  Any underrecovered costs or overrecovered revenues are collected from or returned to customers in subsequent periods.

If FPL were no longer subject to cost-based rate regulation, the existing regulatory assets and liabilities would be written off unless regulators specify an alternative means of recovery or refund.  In addition, the FPSC has the authority to disallow recovery of costs that it considers excessive or imprudently incurred.  The continued applicability of regulatory accounting is assessed at each reporting period.

Revenues and Rates - FPL's retail and wholesale utility rate schedules are approved by the FPSC and the FERC, respectively.  FPL records unbilled base revenues for the estimated amount of energy delivered to customers but not yet billed.  Unbilled base revenues are included in customer receivables on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets and amounted to approximately $160 million and $148 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  FPL's operating revenues also include amounts resulting from cost recovery clauses (see Regulation above), franchise fees, gross receipts taxes and surcharges related to storm-recovery bonds (see Note 9 - FPL).  Franchise fees and gross receipts taxes are imposed on FPL; however, the FPSC allows FPL to include in the amounts charged to customers the amount of the gross receipts tax for all customers and the franchise amount for those customers located in the jurisdiction that imposes the fee.  Accordingly, franchise fees and gross receipts taxes are reported gross in operating revenues and taxes other than income taxes and other in NEE's and FPL's consolidated statements of income and were approximately $716 million, $687 million and $791 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.  The revenues from the surcharges related to storm-recovery bonds included in operating revenues in NEE's and FPL's consolidated statements of income were approximately $100 million, $101 million and $91 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.  FPL also collects municipal utility taxes which are reported gross in customer receivables and accounts payable on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets.

Effective March 1, 2010, pursuant to an FPSC final order (FPSC rate order) new retail base rates for FPL were established, resulting in an increase in retail base revenues of approximately $75 million on an annualized basis.  The FPSC rate order also established a regulatory return on common equity (ROE) of 10.0% with a range of plus or minus 100 basis points and an adjusted regulatory equity ratio of 59.1%.  It also shifted certain costs from retail base rates to the capacity cost recovery clause (capacity clause).  In addition, the FPSC rate order directed FPL to reduce depreciation expense (surplus depreciation credit) over the 2010 to 2013 period related to a depreciation reserve surplus of approximately $895 million.  In February 2011, the FPSC issued a final order approving a stipulation and settlement agreement between FPL and principal parties in FPL's 2009 rate case regarding FPL's base rates (2010 rate agreement), which enables FPL to earn a regulatory ROE of up to 11% per year over the term of the 2010 rate agreement. Key elements of the 2010 rate agreement, which is effective through December 31, 2012, are as follows:

Subject to the provisions of the 2010 rate agreement, retail base rates are effectively frozen through the end of 2012.
Incremental cost recovery through FPL’s capacity clause for WCEC Unit No. 3, which was placed in service in May 2011, is permitted up to the amount of the projected annual fuel savings for customers during the term of the 2010 rate agreement.
Future storm restoration costs would be recoverable on an accelerated basis beginning 60 days from the filing of a cost recovery petition, but capped at an amount that produces a surcharge of no more than $4 for every 1,000 kilowatt-hours (kwh) of usage on residential bills during the first 12 months of cost recovery.  Any additional costs would be eligible for recovery in subsequent years.  If storm restoration costs exceed $800 million in any given calendar year, FPL may request an increase to the $4 surcharge to recover the amount above $800 million.
If FPL's earned regulatory ROE falls below 9%, FPL may seek retail base rate relief.  If FPL's earned regulatory ROE rises above 11%, any party to the 2010 rate agreement may seek a reduction in FPL’s retail base rates.  In determining the regulatory ROE for all purposes under the 2010 rate agreement, earnings will be calculated on an actual, non-weather-adjusted basis.
FPL can vary the amount of surplus depreciation credit taken in any calendar year up to a cap in 2010 of $267 million, a cap in subsequent years of $267 million plus the amount of any unused portion from prior years, and a total cap of $776 million (surplus depreciation credit cap) over the course of the 2010 rate agreement, provided that in any year of the 2010 rate agreement FPL must use at least enough surplus depreciation credit to maintain a 9% earned regulatory ROE but may not use any amount of surplus depreciation credit that would result in an earned regulatory ROE in excess of 11%.

Under the terms of a rate agreement approved in 2005 (2005 rate agreement), which was in effect from January 1, 2006 through February 28, 2010, retail base rates did not increase except to allow recovery of the revenue requirements of FPL's three power plants that achieved commercial operation during the term of the 2005 rate agreement: Turkey Point Unit No. 5 in 2007 and WCEC Units Nos. 1 and 2 in 2009.  Under the terms of the 2005 rate agreement, FPL's electric property depreciation rates were based upon the comprehensive depreciation studies it filed with the FPSC in March 2005; however, FPL reduced depreciation on its plant in service by $125 million each year as allowed by the 2005 rate agreement.  The 2005 rate agreement also provided for a revenue sharing mechanism, whereby revenues from retail base operations in excess of certain thresholds would be shared with customers.  During the term of the 2005 rate agreement, FPL's revenues did not exceed the thresholds.

In January 2012, FPL filed a formal notification with the FPSC indicating its intent to initiate a base rate proceeding.  The notification stated that, based on preliminary estimates, FPL expects to request a base rate increase of approximately $525 million effective January 2013 and an additional base rate increase of approximately $170 million annually commencing when the modernized Cape Canaveral plant becomes operational, which is expected to occur in June 2013.  FPL expects to propose an allowed regulatory ROE of 11.25% with a 0.25% ROE adder, which is included in the base rate increase FPL expects to request, if FPL maintains the lowest typical residential customer bill among all the electric utilities in Florida. FPL expects to file its formal request to initiate a base rate proceeding before the end of the first quarter of 2012.  A final FPSC decision regarding FPL's base rates is expected in the fourth quarter of 2012 in time for new rates to be effective January 1, 2013.

NEER's revenue is recorded on the basis of commodities delivered, contracts settled or services rendered, and includes estimated amounts yet to be billed to customers.  Certain commodity contracts for the purchase and sale of power that meet the definition of a derivative are recorded at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized as revenue, unless hedge accounting is applied.  See Energy Trading and Note 3.

Electric Plant, Depreciation and Amortization - The cost of additions to units of property of FPL and NEER is added to electric utility plant.  In accordance with regulatory accounting, the cost of FPL's units of utility property retired, less estimated net salvage value, is charged to accumulated depreciation.  Maintenance and repairs of property as well as replacements and renewals of items determined to be less than units of utility property are charged to other operations and maintenance (O&M) expenses.  At December 31, 2011, the electric generating, transmission, distribution and general facilities of FPL represented approximately 48%, 12%, 36% and 4%, respectively, of FPL's gross investment in electric utility plant in service.  Substantially all of FPL's properties are subject to the lien of FPL's mortgage, which secures most debt securities issued by FPL.  A number of NEER's generating facilities are encumbered by liens securing various financings.  The net book value of NEER's assets serving as collateral was approximately $8 billion at December 31, 2011.  The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, as amended (Recovery Act), provided for an option to elect a cash grant (convertible investment tax credits (ITCs)) for certain renewable energy property (renewable property).  Convertible ITCs are recorded as a reduction in property, plant and equipment on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets and were approximately $1.2 billion ($186 million at FPL) and $1.0 billion ($186 million at FPL) at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and are amortized as a reduction to depreciation and amortization expense over the estimated life of the related property. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, approximately $95 million (none at FPL) and $429 million ($124 million at FPL), respectively, of such convertible ITCs are included in other receivables on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets.

Depreciation of FPL's electric property is primarily provided on a straight-line average remaining life basis.  FPL includes in depreciation expense a provision for fossil plant dismantlement, interim asset removal costs, accretion related to asset retirement obligations (see Decommissioning of Nuclear Plants, Dismantlement of Plants and Other Accrued Asset Removal Costs), storm recovery amortization and amortization of pre-construction costs associated with planned nuclear units recovered through a cost recovery clause.  For substantially all of FPL's property, depreciation studies are performed and filed with the FPSC at least every four years.  As part of the FPSC rate order, the FPSC approved new depreciation rates which became effective January 1, 2010.  In addition, in accordance with the 2010 rate agreement, FPL can vary the amount of surplus depreciation credit taken in any calendar year up to a maximum of $267 million (with any unused portion of the maximum rolling over to and available in subsequent years), provided its regulatory ROE remains within the range of 9% to 11%; FPL may use up to a maximum of $776 million in surplus depreciation credit over the course of the 2010 rate agreement.  FPL recognized approximately $187 million and $4 million of the surplus depreciation credit cap in 2011 and 2010, respectively.  Under the terms of the 2005 rate agreement, FPL's electric property depreciation rates were based upon the comprehensive depreciation studies it filed with the FPSC in March 2005; however FPL reduced depreciation by $125 million annually as was allowed by the 2005 rate agreement.  The weighted annual composite depreciation rate for FPL's electric plant in service, including capitalized software, but excluding the effects of decommissioning, dismantlement and the depreciation adjustments discussed above, was approximately 3.2%, 3.2% and 3.6% for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

NEER's electric plants in service less salvage value, if any, are depreciated primarily using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives.  NEER's effective depreciation rates, excluding decommissioning, were 4.0%, 4.4% and 4.2% for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.  NEER reviews the estimated useful lives of its fixed assets on an ongoing basis.  In 2011, this review indicated that the actual lives of certain equipment at NEER's wind plants are expected to be longer than the previously estimated useful lives used for depreciation purposes.  As a result, effective January 1, 2011, NEER changed the estimates of the useful lives of certain equipment to better reflect the estimated periods during which these assets are expected to remain in service.  The useful lives of substantially all of the wind plants’ equipment that were previously estimated to be 25 years were increased to 30 years.  The effect of this change in estimate was to reduce depreciation and amortization expense by approximately $75 million, increase net income by $44 million and increase basic and diluted earnings per share by approximately $0.11 for the year ended December 31, 2011.

Nuclear Fuel - FPL and NEER have several contracts for the supply of uranium, conversion, enrichment and fabrication of nuclear fuel.  See Note 14 - Contracts.  FPL's and NEER's nuclear fuel costs are charged to fuel expense on a unit of production method.

Construction Activity - Allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC) is a non-cash item which represents the allowed cost of capital, including an ROE, used to finance FPL construction projects.  The portion of AFUDC attributable to borrowed funds is recorded as a reduction of interest expense and the remainder is recorded as other income.  FPSC rules limit the recording of AFUDC to projects that have an estimated cost in excess of 0.5% of a utility's plant in service balance and require more than one year to complete.  FPSC rules allow construction projects below the 0.5% threshold as a component of rate base.  During 2011, AFUDC was capitalized at a rate of 6.41% and amounted to approximately $50 million. During the period January 2010 through March 2010 and during April 2010 through December 2010, AFUDC was capitalized at a rate of 7.41% and 6.41%, respectively, and amounted to approximately $50 million for the year.  During 2009, AFUDC was capitalized at a rate of 7.41%, and amounted to approximately $74 million.  See Note 14 - Commitments.

FPL's construction work in progress includes construction materials, progress payments on major equipment contracts, third-party engineering costs, AFUDC and other costs directly associated with the construction of various projects.  Upon completion of the projects, these costs are transferred to electric utility plant in service.  Capitalized costs associated with construction activities are charged to O&M expenses when recoverability is no longer probable.  See Regulation above for information on recovery of costs associated with new nuclear capacity and solar generating facilities.

NEER capitalizes project development costs once it is probable that such costs will be realized through the ultimate construction of a power plant or sale of development rights.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010, NEER's capitalized development costs totaled approximately $89 million and $99 million, respectively, which are included in other assets on NEE's consolidated balance sheets.  These costs include land rights and other third-party costs directly associated with the development of a new project.  Upon commencement of construction, these costs either are transferred to construction work in progress or remain in other assets, depending upon the nature of the cost.  Capitalized development costs are charged to O&M expenses when it is probable that these costs are not realizable.

NEER's construction work in progress includes construction materials, prepayments on turbine generators and other equipment, third-party engineering costs, capitalized interest and other costs directly associated with the construction and development of various projects.  Interest capitalized on construction projects amounted to approximately $104 million, $71 million and $85 million during 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.  Interest expense allocated from NextEra Energy Capital Holdings, Inc. (NEECH) to NEER is based on a deemed capital structure of 70% debt.  Upon commencement of plant operation, costs associated with construction work in progress are transferred to electric utility plant in service and other property.

Asset Retirement Obligations - NEE and FPL each account for asset retirement obligations and conditional asset retirement obligations (collectively, AROs) under accounting guidance that requires a liability for the fair value of an ARO to be recognized in the period in which it is incurred if it can be reasonably estimated, with the offsetting associated asset retirement costs capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived assets.  The asset retirement cost is subsequently allocated to expense using a systematic and rational method over the asset’s estimated useful life.  Changes in the ARO resulting from the passage of time are recognized as an increase in the carrying amount of the liability and as accretion expense, which is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated statements of income.  Changes resulting from revisions to the timing or amount of the original estimate of cash flows are recognized as an increase or a decrease in the asset retirement cost, or income when asset retirement cost is depleted, in the case of NEE's non-rate regulated operations, and ARO and regulatory liability, in the case of FPL.  See Decommissioning of Nuclear Plants, Dismantlement of Plants and Other Accrued Asset Removal Costs below and Note 13.

Decommissioning of Nuclear Plants, Dismantlement of Plants and Other Accrued Asset Removal Costs - For ratemaking purposes, FPL accrues for the cost of end of life retirement and disposal of its nuclear, fossil and solar plants over the expected service life of each unit based on nuclear decommissioning and fossil and solar dismantlement studies periodically filed with the FPSC.  In addition, FPL accrues for interim removal costs over the life of the related assets based on depreciation studies approved by the FPSC.  As approved by the FPSC, FPL previously suspended its annual decommissioning accrual.  For financial reporting purposes, FPL recognizes decommissioning and dismantlement liabilities in accordance with accounting guidance that requires a liability for the fair value of an ARO to be recognized in the period in which it is incurred.  Any differences between expense recognized for financial reporting purposes and the amount recoverable through rates are reported as a regulatory liability in accordance with regulatory accounting.  See Electric Plant, Depreciation and Amortization, Asset Retirement Obligations and Note 13.

Nuclear decommissioning studies are performed at least every five years and are submitted to the FPSC for approval.  FPL filed updated nuclear decommissioning studies with the FPSC in December 2010.  These studies reflect FPL's current plans, under the operating licenses, for prompt dismantlement of Turkey Point Units Nos. 3 and 4 following the end of plant operation with decommissioning activities commencing in 2032 and 2033, respectively, and provide for St. Lucie Unit No. 1 to be mothballed beginning in 2036 with decommissioning activities to be integrated with the prompt dismantlement of St. Lucie Unit No. 2 in 2043.  These studies also assume that FPL will be storing spent fuel on site pending removal to a U.S. government facility.  The studies indicate FPL's portion of the ultimate costs of decommissioning its four nuclear units, including costs associated with spent fuel storage above what is expected to be refunded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under a spent fuel settlement agreement, to be approximately $6.2 billion.  FPL's portion of the ultimate cost of decommissioning its four units, expressed in 2011 dollars, is estimated by the studies to aggregate $2.3 billion.

Restricted funds for the payment of future expenditures to decommission FPL's nuclear units are included in nuclear decommissioning reserve funds, which are included in special use funds on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets.  Marketable securities held in the decommissioning funds are primarily classified as available for sale and carried at fair value with market adjustments, including any other than temporary impairment losses, resulting in a corresponding adjustment to the related regulatory liability accounts consistent with regulatory treatment.  See Note 5.  Contributions to the funds have been suspended since 2005.  Fund earnings, net of taxes, are reinvested in the funds.  Earnings are recognized as income/loss and then recorded to reflect a corresponding increase/decrease in the related regulatory liability accounts.  As a result, there is no effect on net income.  During 2011, 2010 and 2009, fund earnings on decommissioning funds were approximately $66 million, $76 million and $81 million, respectively.  The tax effects of amounts not yet recognized for tax purposes are included in accumulated deferred income taxes.

Fossil and solar plant dismantlement studies are performed at least every four years and are submitted to the FPSC for approval.  FPL's latest fossil and solar plant dismantlement studies became effective January 1, 2010 and resulted in an increase in the annual expense from $15 million to $18 million which is recorded in depreciation and amortization expense in NEE's and FPL's consolidated statements of income.  At December 31, 2011, FPL's portion of the ultimate cost to dismantle its fossil and solar units is approximately $860 million, or $421 million expressed in 2011 dollars.

NEER records nuclear decommissioning liabilities for Seabrook Station (Seabrook), Duane Arnold Energy Center (Duane Arnold) and Point Beach Nuclear Power Plant (Point Beach) in accordance with accounting guidance that requires a liability for the fair value of an ARO to be recognized in the period in which it is incurred.  The liability is being accreted using the interest method through the date decommissioning activities are expected to be complete.  See Note 13.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010, NEER's ARO related to nuclear decommissioning totaled approximately $383 million and $478 million, respectively, and was determined using various internal and external data and applying a probability percentage to a variety of scenarios regarding the life of the plant and timing of decommissioning.  NEER's portion of the ultimate cost of decommissioning its nuclear plants, including costs associated with spent fuel storage above what is expected to be refunded by the DOE under a spent fuel settlement agreement, is estimated to be approximately $11.4 billion, or $1.9 billion expressed in 2011 dollars.

Seabrook files a comprehensive nuclear decommissioning study with the New Hampshire Nuclear Decommissioning Financing Committee (NDFC) every four years; the most recent study was filed in 2011 and the final order on the proposed decommissioning funding plan is pending NDFC approval. Seabrook's decommissioning funding plan is also subject to annual review by the NDFC, and in January 2012, the NDFC issued an interim order suspending Seabrook's decommissioning funding requirements pending the NDFC's final order.  Currently, there are no ongoing decommissioning funding requirements for Duane Arnold and Point Beach, however, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has the authority to require additional funding in the future.  NEER's portion of Seabrook's, Duane Arnold's and Point Beach's restricted funds for the payment of future expenditures to decommission these plants is included in nuclear decommissioning reserve funds, which are included in special use funds on NEE's consolidated balance sheets.  Marketable securities held in the decommissioning funds are primarily classified as available for sale and carried at fair value.  Market adjustments result in a corresponding adjustment to other comprehensive income (OCI), except for unrealized losses associated with marketable securities considered to be other than temporary, including any credit losses, which are recognized as other than temporary impairment losses on securities held in nuclear decommissioning funds in NEE's consolidated statements of income.  Fund earnings are recognized in income and are reinvested in the funds either on a pretax or after-tax basis.  See Note 5.  The tax effects of amounts not yet recognized for tax purposes are included in accumulated deferred income taxes.

Major Maintenance Costs - FPL uses the accrue-in-advance method for recognizing costs associated with planned major nuclear maintenance, in accordance with regulatory treatment, and records the related accrual as a regulatory liability.  FPL expenses costs associated with planned fossil maintenance as incurred.  FPL's estimated nuclear maintenance costs for each nuclear unit's next planned outage are accrued over the period from the end of the last outage to the end of the next planned outage.  Any difference between the estimated and actual costs is included in O&M expenses when known.  The accrued liability for nuclear maintenance costs at December 31, 2011 and 2010 totaled approximately $49 million and $58 million, respectively, and is included in regulatory liabilities - other.  For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, FPL recognized approximately $97 million, $100 million and $84 million, respectively, in nuclear maintenance costs which are included in O&M expenses in NEE's and FPL's consolidated statements of income.

NEER uses the deferral method to account for certain planned major maintenance costs.  NEER's major maintenance costs for its nuclear generating units and combustion turbines are capitalized and amortized on a unit of production method over the period from the end of the last outage to the beginning of the next planned outage.  NEER's capitalized major maintenance costs, net of accumulated amortization, totaled approximately $133 million and $95 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and are included in other assets.  For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, NEER recognized approximately $77 million, $88 million and $73 million in major maintenance costs which are included in O&M expenses in NEE's consolidated statements of income.

Cash Equivalents - Cash equivalents consist of short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

Restricted Cash - At December 31, 2011 and 2010, NEE had approximately $88 million ($37 million for FPL) and $111 million ($39 million for FPL), respectively, of restricted cash included in other current assets on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets, which was restricted primarily for margin cash collateral and debt service payments.  Where offsetting positions exist, restricted cash related to margin cash collateral is netted against derivative instruments. See Note 3.  In addition, NEE had approximately $565 million of noncurrent restricted cash at December 31, 2011 related to loan proceeds held for construction at NEER, which was included in other assets on NEE's consolidated balance sheets.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - FPL maintains an accumulated provision for uncollectible customer accounts receivable that is estimated using a percentage, derived from historical revenue and write-off trends, of the previous five months of revenue.  Additional amounts are included in the provision to address specific items that are not considered in the calculation described above.  NEER regularly reviews collectibility of its receivables and establishes a provision for losses estimated as a percentage of accounts receivable based on the historical bad debt write-off trends for its retail electricity provider operations and, when necessary, using the specific identification method for all other receivables.

Inventory - FPL values materials, supplies and fossil fuel inventory using a weighted-average cost method.  NEER's materials, supplies and fossil fuel inventories are carried at the lower of weighted-average cost or market, unless evidence indicates that the weighted-average cost (even if in excess of market) will be recovered with a normal profit upon sale in the ordinary course of business.

Energy Trading - NEE provides full energy and capacity requirements services primarily to distribution utilities, which include load-following services and various ancillary services, in certain markets and engages in power and gas marketing and trading activities to optimize the value of electricity and fuel contracts and generating facilities, as well as to take advantage of expected favorable commodity price movements.  Trading contracts that meet the definition of a derivative are accounted for at fair value and realized gains and losses from all trading contracts, including those where physical delivery is required, are recorded net for all periods presented.  See Note 3.

Securitized Storm-Recovery Costs, Storm Fund and Storm Reserve - In connection with the 2007 storm-recovery bond financing (see Note 9 - FPL), the net proceeds to FPL from the sale of the storm-recovery property were used primarily to reimburse FPL for its estimated net of tax deficiency in its storm and property insurance reserve (storm reserve) and provide for a storm and property insurance reserve fund (storm fund).  Upon the issuance of the storm-recovery bonds, the storm reserve deficiency was reclassified to securitized storm-recovery costs and is recorded as a regulatory asset on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets.  As storm-recovery charges are billed to customers, the securitized storm-recovery costs are amortized and included in depreciation and amortization in NEE's and FPL's consolidated statements of income.  Marketable securities held in the storm fund are classified as available for sale and are carried at fair value with market adjustments, including any other than temporary impairment losses, resulting in a corresponding adjustment to the storm reserve.  Fund earnings, net of taxes, are reinvested in the fund.  The tax effects of amounts not yet recognized for tax purposes are included in accumulated deferred income taxes.  The storm fund is included in special use funds on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets and was approximately $125 million at both December 31, 2011 and 2010.  See Note 5.

The storm reserve that was reestablished in an FPSC financing order related to the issuance of the storm-recovery bonds is not reflected on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2011 or 2010 because the associated regulatory asset does not meet the specific recognition criteria under the accounting guidance for certain regulated entities.  As a result, the storm reserve will be recognized as a regulatory liability as the storm-recovery charges are billed to customers and charged to depreciation and amortization in NEE's and FPL's consolidated statements of income.  Although NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2011 reflect a storm reserve of approximately $54 million (included in regulatory liabilities - other on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets), FPL had the capacity to absorb up to approximately $202 million in future prudently incurred storm restoration costs without seeking recovery through a rate adjustment from the FPSC or filing a petition with the FPSC.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - NEE evaluates on an ongoing basis the recoverability of its assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.  An impairment loss is required to be recognized if the carrying value of the asset exceeds the undiscounted future net cash flows associated with that asset.  The impairment loss to be recognized is the amount by which the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds the asset's fair value.  In most instances, the fair value is determined by discounting estimated future cash flows using an appropriate interest rate. See Note 4 - Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - NEE's goodwill and other intangible assets are as follows:

 
Weighted-
Average
Useful Lives
 
December 31,
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
(years)
 
(millions)
Goodwill:
 
 
 
 
 
Merchant reporting unit
 
 
$
72

 
$
72

Wind reporting unit
 
 
50

 
45

Fiber-optic telecommunications reporting unit
 
 
25

 

Total goodwill
 
 
$
147

 
$
117

Other intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Purchased power agreements
19
 
$
70

 
$
87

Customer lists
7
 
45

 
34

Other, primarily land and transmission rights, permits and licenses
29
 
231

 
249

Total
 
 
346

 
370

Less accumulated amortization
 
 
88

 
93

Total other intangible assets - net
 
 
$
258

 
$
277



NEE's goodwill relates to various acquisitions which were accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.  Other intangible assets are amortized, primarily on a straight-line basis, over their estimated useful lives.  For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, amortization expense was approximately $14 million, $18 million and $14 million, respectively, and is expected to be approximately $12 million, $9 million, $8 million, $7 million and $5 million for 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively.

Goodwill and other intangible assets are included in other assets on NEE's consolidated balance sheets.  Goodwill is assessed for impairment at least annually by applying a fair value-based analysis.  Other intangible assets are periodically reviewed when impairment indicators are present to assess recoverability from future operations using undiscounted future cash flows.

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans - NEE allocates net periodic pension benefit income to its subsidiaries based on the pensionable earnings of the subsidiaries' employees; net periodic supplemental executive retirement plan (SERP) benefit costs to its subsidiaries based upon actuarial calculations by participant; and postretirement health care and life insurance benefits (other benefits) net periodic benefit costs to its subsidiaries based upon the number of eligible employees at each subsidiary.

NEE's regulatory assets and liabilities are established in association with accounting guidance which requires recognition of the funded status of benefit plans in the balance sheet, with changes in the funded status recognized in comprehensive income within shareholders' equity in the year in which the changes occur.  Since NEE is the plan sponsor, and its subsidiaries do not have separate rights to the plan assets or direct obligations to their employees, this accounting guidance is reflected at NEE and not allocated to the subsidiaries.  The portion of previously unrecognized actuarial gains and losses, prior service costs or credits and transition obligations that are estimated to be allocable to FPL as net periodic benefit (income) cost in future periods and that otherwise would be recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) are classified as regulatory assets and liabilities at NEE in accordance with regulatory treatment.

Stock-Based Compensation - NEE accounts for stock-based payment transactions based on grant-date fair value.  Compensation costs for awards with graded vesting are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.  See Note 11 - Stock-Based Compensation.

Retirement of Long-Term Debt - Gains and losses that result from differences in FPL's reacquisition cost and the book value of long-term debt which is retired are deferred as a regulatory asset or liability and amortized to interest expense ratably over the remaining life of the original issue, which is consistent with its treatment in the ratemaking process.  NEECH and NEER recognize such differences as other income (deductions) at the time of retirement.

Income Taxes - Deferred income taxes are provided on all significant temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities.  In connection with the tax sharing agreement between NEE and its subsidiaries, the income tax provision at each subsidiary reflects the use of the "separate return method," except that tax benefits that could not be used on a separate return basis, but are used on the consolidated tax return, are recorded by the subsidiary that generated the tax benefits.  Any remaining consolidated income tax benefits or expenses are recorded at the corporate level.  Included in other regulatory assets and other regulatory liabilities on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets is the revenue equivalent of the difference in accumulated deferred income taxes computed under accounting rules, as compared to regulatory accounting rules.  The net regulatory asset totaled $171 million and $151 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and is being amortized in accordance with the regulatory treatment over the estimated lives of the assets or liabilities for which the deferred tax amount was initially recognized.

NEER recognizes ITCs as a reduction to income tax expense when the related energy property is placed into service.  Production tax credits (PTCs) are recognized as wind energy is generated and sold based on a per kwh rate prescribed in applicable federal and state statutes and are recorded as a reduction of current income taxes payable, unless limited by tax law in which instance they are recorded as deferred tax assets.  NEE and FPL record a deferred income tax benefit created by the convertible ITCs on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of renewable property.  For NEER, this deferred income tax benefit is recorded in income tax expense in the year that the renewable property is placed in service.  For FPL, this deferred income tax benefit is offset by a regulatory liability, which is amortized as a reduction of depreciation expense over the approximate lives of the related renewable property in accordance with the regulatory treatment.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the net deferred income tax benefits associated with the convertible ITCs were approximately $56 million and $58 million, respectively, and are included in other regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities on NEE's and FPL's consolidated balance sheets.

A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.  NEE recognizes interest income (expense) related to unrecognized tax benefits (liabilities) in interest income and interest expense, respectively, net of the amount deferred at FPL.  At FPL, the offset to accrued interest receivable (payable) on income taxes is classified as a regulatory liability (regulatory asset) which will be amortized to income (expense) over a five-year period upon settlement in accordance with regulatory treatment.  All tax positions taken by NEE in its income tax returns that are recognized in the financial statements must satisfy a more-likely-than-not threshold.  See Note 6.

Sale of Differential Membership Interests - Certain indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of NEER sold their Class B membership interest in entities that have ownership interests in wind facilities, with generating capacity totaling approximately 1,916 mw at December 31, 2011, to third-party investors.  In exchange for the cash received, the holders of the Class B membership interests will receive a portion of the economic attributes of the facilities, including tax attributes, for a variable period.  The transactions are not treated as a sale under the accounting rules and the proceeds received are deferred and recorded in deferral related to differential membership interests on NEE's consolidated balance sheets.  The deferred amount is being recognized as an adjustment to taxes other than income taxes and other in NEE's consolidated statements of income as the Class B members receive their portion of the economic attributes.  NEE continues to operate and manage the wind facilities, and consolidates the entities that own the wind facilities.

Guarantees - NEE's and FPL's payment guarantees and related contracts provided to unconsolidated entities entered into after December 31, 2002, for which it or a subsidiary is the guarantor, are recorded at fair value.  See Note 14 - Commitments.

Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) - An entity is considered to be a VIE when its total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, or its equity investors, as a group, lack the characteristics of having a controlling financial interest.  A reporting company is required to consolidate a VIE as its primary beneficiary when it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance, and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.  NEE and FPL evaluate whether an entity is a VIE whenever reconsideration events as defined by the accounting guidance occur.  See Note 9.