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Loans
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2014
Loans [Abstract]  
Loans

Note 4Loans

The following table provides the balance of loans by portfolio segment as of March 31, 2014 and 2013, and December 31, 2013:
           
    March 31 December 31 
(Dollars in thousands)   2014 2013 2013 
Commercial:           
 Commercial, financial, and industrial  $7,752,995 $8,091,186 $7,923,576 
 Commercial real estate   1,152,418  1,115,879  1,133,279 
Retail:           
 Consumer real estate (a) 5,258,014  5,590,180  5,333,371 
 Permanent mortgage (b) 622,242  793,282  662,242 
 Credit card & other 333,792  299,143  336,606 
Loans, net of unearned income$15,119,461 $15,889,670 $15,389,074 
Allowance for loan losses 247,246  265,218  253,809 
Total net loans  $14,872,215 $15,624,452 $15,135,265 

  • Balances as of March 31, 2014 and 2013, and December 31, 2013 include $86.7 million, $386.4 million, and $333.8 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 14 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
  • Balances as of March 31, 2013, and December 31, 2013 include $13.0 million and $11.2 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 14 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

COMPONENTS OF THE LOAN PORTFOLIO

The loan portfolio is disaggregated into segments and then further disaggregated into classes for certain disclosures. GAAP defines a portfolio segment as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. A class is generally determined based on the initial measurement attribute (i.e., amortized cost or purchased credit impaired), risk characteristics of the loan, and FHN's method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. Commercial loan portfolio segments include commercial, financial and industrial ("C&I") and commercial real estate ("CRE"). Commercial classes within C&I include general C&I, loans to mortgage companies, the trust preferred loans ("TRUPs") (i.e. long-term unsecured loans to bank and insurance - related businesses) portfolio and purchased credit impaired ("PCI") loans. Loans to mortgage companies includes commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies exclusively for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower's sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors. Commercial classes within commercial real estate include income CRE, residential CRE and PCI loans. Retail loan portfolio segments include consumer real estate, permanent mortgage, and the credit card and other portfolio. Retail classes include HELOC, real estate ("R/E") installment and PCI loans within the consumer real estate segment, permanent mortgage (which is both a segment and a class), and credit card and other.

Concentrations

FHN has a concentration of loans secured by residential real estate (39 percent of total loans), the majority of which is in the consumer real estate portfolio (35 percent of total loans). Loans to finance and insurance companies total $1.6 billion (21 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 11 percent of the total loans). FHN had loans to mortgage companies, commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies exclusively for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower's sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors, totaling $0.7 billion (9 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 5 percent of total loans) as of March 31, 2014. As a result, 30 percent of the C&I category was sensitive to impacts on the financial services industry.

Acquisition

On June 7, 2013, FHN acquired substantially all of the assets and liabilities of MNB from the FDIC. The acquisition included approximately $249 million of loans. These loans were initially recorded at fair value which incorporates expected credit losses, among other things, in accordance with ASC 805 resulting in no carryover of allowance for loan loss from the acquiree. At acquisition, FHN designated certain loans as purchased credit impaired (see discussion below) with the remaining loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, "Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs". For loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, the difference between the loans' book value to MNB and the estimated fair value at the time of the acquisition will be accreted back into interest income over the remaining contractual life and the subsequent accounting and reporting will be similar to FHN's originated loan portfolio.

Purchased Credit Impaired Loans

ASC 310-30, "Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer," provides guidance for acquired loans that have experienced deterioration of credit quality between origination and the time of acquisition and for which the timely collection of the interest and principal is no longer reasonably assured ("PCI loans"). FHN considered several factors when determining whether a loan met the definition of a PCI loan at the time of acquisition including accrual status, loan grade, delinquency trends, prior partial charge-offs, as well as both originated versus refreshed credit scores and ratios when available.

PCI loans were initially recorded at fair value which was estimated by discounting expected cash flows at acquisition date. The expected cash flow includes all contractually expected amounts (including interest) and incorporates an estimate for future expected credit losses, pre-payment assumptions, and yield requirement for a market participant, among other things. To the extent possible, certain PCI loans were aggregated into pools with composite interest rate and cash flows expected to be collected for the pool. Aggregation into loan pools is based on common risk characteristics that include similar credit risk or risk ratings, and one or more predominant risk characteristics. Generally, FHN pooled loans with smaller balances and common internal loan grades and portfolio types. Subsequent to the initial accounting at acquisition, each PCI pool is accounted for as a single unit.

Accretable yield is the excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the initial investment in the loan and is recognized in interest income over the remaining life of the loan, or pool of loans. Nonaccretable difference is the difference between the contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition. FHN estimates expected cash flows for PCI loans on a quarterly basis. Increases in expected cash flows from the last measurement will result in reversal of any nonaccretable difference (or allowance for loan losses to the extent any has been recorded) with a prospective positive impact on interest income. Decreases to the expected cash flows will result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses through increased provision expense.

FHN does not report PCI loans as nonperforming loans due to the accretion of interest income. Additionally, PCI loans that have been pooled and subsequently modified will not be reported as troubled debt restructurings since the pool is the unit of measurement.

The following table presents a rollforward of the accretable yield for the three months ended March 31, 2014: 
    
 Three Months Ended 
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2014 
Balance, beginning of period$ 13,490 
Additions  111 
Accretion  (1,657) 
Adjustment for payoffs  (233) 
Adjustment for charge-offs  (64) 
Increase in accretable yield (a)  4,181 
Balance, end of period$ 15,828 

  • Includes changes in the accretable yield due to both transfers from the nonaccretable difference and the impact of changes in the expected timing of the cash flows.

At March 31, 2014, the ALLL related to PCI loans was $1.9 million and loan loss provision recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2014 was $1.2 million. The following table reflects the outstanding principal balance and carrying amounts of the acquired PCI loans as of March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013: 
             
 March 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 
(Dollars in thousands)Carrying value Unpaid balance Carrying value Unpaid balance 
Commercial, financial and industrial$ 6,693 $ 8,503 $ 7,077 $ 9,169 
Commercial real estate  37,067   52,690   38,042   53,648 
Consumer real estate  693   973   878   1,291 
Credit card and other  -   -   12   21 
Total$ 44,453 $ 62,166 $ 46,009 $ 64,129 

Impaired Loans               
                 
The following tables provide information at March 31, 2014 and 2013, by class related to individually impaired loans and consumer TDR's. Recorded investment is defined as the amount of the investment in a loan, before valuation allowance but which does reflect any direct write-down of the investment. For purposes of this disclosure, PCI loans and LOCOM have been excluded. 
         
  March 31, 2014 
     Unpaid    Average Interest 
  RecordedPrincipalRelated Recorded Income 
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowance Investment Recognized 
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:             
Commercial:               
 General C&I$14,130 $15,648 $ - $20,378 $ - 
 TRUPs 0  0   -  3,250   - 
 Income CRE 8,500  16,529   -  8,512   - 
 Total$22,630 $32,177 $ - $32,140 $ - 
Retail:               
 HELOC (a)$16,151 $37,723 $ - $16,488 $ - 
 R/E installment loans (a) 10,400  13,360   -  10,705   - 
 Permanent mortgage (a) 7,854  11,078   -  8,157   - 
 Total$34,405 $62,161 $ - $35,350 $ - 
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:               
Commercial:               
 General C&I$27,723 $33,911 $1,201 $22,232 $ 79 
 TRUPs 13,550  13,550  3,986  23,580   - 
 Income CRE 11,821  13,540  783  12,097   102 
 Residential CRE 6,380  11,675  712  6,647   63 
 Total$59,474 $72,676 $6,682 $64,556 $ 244 
Retail:               
 HELOC$73,287 $74,730 $17,080 $71,792 $ 434 
 R/E installment loans 73,738  74,645  26,573  73,015   269 
 Permanent mortgage 113,989  127,958  19,211  113,493   723 
 Credit card & other 772  772  236  658   11 
 Total$261,786 $278,105 $63,100 $258,958 $ 1,437 
Total commercial$82,104 $104,853 $6,682 $96,696 $ 244 
Total retail$296,191 $340,266 $63,100 $294,308 $ 1,437 
Total impaired loans$378,295 $445,119 $69,782 $391,004 $ 1,681 

  • All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

             
  March 31, 2013 
     Unpaid    Average Interest 
  RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecordedIncome 
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowanceInvestmentRecognized 
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:               
Commercial:               
 General C&I$ 60,849 $ 73,873 $ - $ 60,581 $ 80 
 TRUPs  10,000   10,000   -   17,000   - 
 Income CRE  28,136   40,034   -   30,968   75 
 Residential CRE  14,294   21,507   -   14,467   63 
 Total$ 113,279 $ 145,414 $ - $ 123,016 $ 218 
Retail:               
 HELOC (a)$ 21,058 $ 41,036 $ - $ 20,698 $ - 
 R/E installment loans (a)  13,329   16,143   -   11,825   - 
 Permanent mortgage (a)  10,771   14,634   -   9,991   - 
 Total$ 45,158 $ 71,813 $ - $ 42,514 $ - 
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:               
Commercial:               
 General C&I$ 3,754 $ 3,754 $ 1,159 $ 7,027 $ - 
 TRUPs  40,200   40,200   14,304   36,950   - 
 Income CRE  1,071   1,071   156   1,075   11 
 Total$ 45,025 $ 45,025 $ 15,619 $ 45,052 $ 11 
Retail:               
 HELOC$ 63,066 $ 63,474 $ 16,559 $ 61,358 $ 426 
 R/E installment loans  68,474   69,136   24,219   69,082   285 
 Permanent mortgage  109,283   121,993   22,239   116,487   683 
 Credit card & other  747   747   231   782   8 
 Total$ 241,570 $ 255,350 $ 63,248 $ 247,709 $ 1,402 
Total commercial$ 158,304 $ 190,439 $ 15,619 $ 168,068 $ 229 
Total retail$ 286,728 $ 327,163 $ 63,248 $ 290,223 $ 1,402 
Total impaired loans$ 445,032 $ 517,602 $ 78,867 $ 458,291 $ 1,631 
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. 

  • All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

 

Asset Quality Indicators

FHN employs a dual grade commercial risk grading methodology to assign an estimate for the probability of default ("PD") and the loss given default ("LGD") for each commercial loan using factors specific to various industry, portfolio, or product segments that result in a rank ordering of risk and the assignment of grades PD 1 to PD 16. Each PD grade corresponds to an estimated one-year default probability percentage; a PD 1 has the lowest expected default probability, and probabilities increase as grades progress down the scale. PD 1 through PD 12 are “pass” grades. PD grades 13-16 correspond to the regulatory-defined categories of special mention (13), substandard (14), doubtful (15), and loss (16). Pass loan grades are required to be reassessed annually or earlier whenever there has been a material change in the financial condition of the borrower or risk characteristics of the relationship. All commercial loans over $1 million and certain commercial loans over $500,000 that are graded 13 or worse are reassessed on a quarterly basis. LGD grades are assigned based on a scale of 1-12 and represent FHN's expected recovery based on collateral type in the event a loan defaults. See Note 5 - Allowance for Loan Losses for further discussion on the credit grading system.

The following tables provide the balances of commercial loan portfolio classes with associated allowance, disaggregated by PD grade as of March 31, 2014 and 2013:  
 March 31, 2014  
    Loans to                 Allowance  
 General Mortgage    IncomeResidential   Percentage  for Loan 
(Dollars in thousands)C&I Companies TRUPS (a) CRECRETotal of Total  Losses 
PD Grade:                          
1$ 233,362 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 233,362  3% $ 90  
2  218,944   -   -   1,719   -   220,663  2    88  
3  225,715   -   -   4,639   82   230,436  3    199  
4  367,591   -   -   13,148   215   380,954  4    487  
5  778,522   -   -   96,447   5,835   880,804  10    2,348  
6  947,462   69,207   -   196,101   5,815   1,218,585  14    1,743  
7  1,081,770   159,207   -   249,317   6,413   1,496,707  16    2,698  
8  936,597   301,197   -   224,339   52   1,462,185  16    4,053  
9  662,311   115,936   -   90,336   1,379   869,962  10    7,392  
10  391,737   58,205   -   61,584   1,834   513,360  6    6,180  
11  392,249   5,659   -   30,402   1,816   430,126  5    9,704  
12  119,196   -   -   33,142   1,732   154,070  2    2,403  
13  152,035   -   326,158   12,262   2,180   492,635  6    7,968  
14,15,16  138,680   141   9,385   39,257   6,783   194,246  2    34,332  
Collectively evaluated for impairment  6,646,171   709,552   335,543   1,052,693   34,136   8,778,095  99    79,685  
Individually evaluated for impairment  41,853   -   13,115   20,321   6,380   81,669  1    6,682  
Total commercial loans$ 6,688,024 $ 709,552 $ 348,658 $ 1,073,014 $ 40,516 $ 8,859,764 (b) 100% $ 86,367 (c) 

 March 31, 2013 
    Loans to                Allowance 
 GeneralMortgage  IncomeResidential  Percent of for Loan
(Dollars in thousands)C&ICompaniesTRUPS (a)CRECRETotalTotal Losses
PD Grade:                        
1$ 169,342 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 169,342  2 $ 51 
2  172,481   -   -   2,513   -   174,994  2    82 
3  164,654   -   -   6,241   -   170,895  2    101 
4  309,242   -   -   6,188   216   315,646  3    421 
5  672,509   -   -   34,672   275   707,456  8    1,284 
6  939,686   121,538   -   148,174   7,308   1,216,706  13    3,206 
7  1,012,012   329,484   -   177,656   1,877   1,521,029  17    3,397 
8  1,015,430   411,119   -   237,433   257   1,664,239  18    5,314 
9  641,720   227,410   -   123,351   765   993,246  11    8,851 
10  461,381   40,177   -   106,948   1,053   609,559  7    7,805 
11  440,142   -   -   54,810   1,801   496,753  5    9,837 
12  168,677   -   -   22,233   188   191,098  2    2,808 
13  114,717   -   337,725   36,729   10,585   499,756  5    8,371 
14,15,16  227,018   351   3,335   76,433   14,672   321,809  3    34,096 
Collectively evaluated for impairment  6,509,011   1,130,079   341,060   1,033,381   38,997   9,052,528  98    85,624 
Individually evaluated for impairment  64,603   -   46,433   29,207   14,294   154,537  2    15,619 
Total commercial loans$ 6,573,614 $ 1,130,079 $ 387,493 $ 1,062,588 $ 53,291 $ 9,207,065  100 $ 101,243 

  • Balances as of March 31, 2014 and 2013, presented net of $26.6 million and $30.9 million, respectively, in lower of cost or market (“LOCOM”) valuation allowance. Based on the underlying structure of the notes, the highest possible internal grade is "13".
  • Balance as of March 31, 2014, excludes PCI loans amounting to $45.6 million.
  • Allowance excludes $1.9 million related to PCI loans as of March 31, 2014.

The retail portfolio is comprised primarily of smaller-balance loans which are very similar in nature in that most are standard products and are backed by residential real estate. Because of the similarities of retail loan-types, FHN is able to utilize the Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score, among other attributes, to assess the quality of consumer borrowers. FICO scores are refreshed on a quarterly basis in an attempt to reflect the recent risk profile of the borrowers. Accruing delinquency amounts are indicators of asset quality within the credit card and other retail portfolio.

The following tables reflect period end balances and average FICO scores by origination vintage for the HELOC, real estate installment, and permanent mortgage classes of loans as of March 31, 2014 and 2013:
                    
HELOC                  
  March 31, 2014 March 31, 2013 
     Average Average    Average Average 
(Dollars in thousands) Period End OriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalance FICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2003$ 73,926  710  703 $ 108,054  714  705 
2003  130,144  723  709   208,233  732  723 
2004  375,252  726  715   469,608  727  717 
2005  517,957  732  721   592,322  734  719 
2006  375,022  740  727   437,889  740  725 
2007  396,409  743  728   460,916  745  728 
2008  217,360  753  748   250,427  754  747 
2009  113,703  751  746   134,294  752  745 
2010  110,958  753  748   133,917  753  749 
2011  110,815  758  754   129,303  759  756 
2012  133,618  759  759   155,758  760  758 
2013  169,429  760  757   27,853  756  754 
2014  23,224  756  755   -   -   - 
Total$2,747,817  741  731 $ 3,108,574  740  729 

                    
R/E Installment LoansMarch 31, 2014March 31, 2013
     Average Average    Average Average 
(Dollars in thousands) Period End Origination Refreshed Period End Origination Refreshed 
Origination VintageBalance  FICO FICO Balance FICO FICO 
pre-2003$ 21,069  681  687 $ 33,454  685  682 
2003  68,747  715  724   101,107  719  727 
2004  51,187  701  699   66,809  703  701 
2005  150,669  716  711   197,153  717  711 
2006  165,515  715  700   209,755  718  703 
2007  236,727  724  708   299,659  726  711 
2008  80,067  722  718   104,651  725  716 
2009  37,048  742  733   53,302  746  744 
2010  120,128  748  754   146,048  746  750 
2011  323,992  760  759   390,546  760  761 
2012  675,368  764  765   741,406  764  762 
2013  509,103  757  753   137,716  761  759 
2014  70,577  756  750   -   -   - 
Total$2,510,197  746  743 $2,481,606  744  739 

                    
Permanent MortgageMarch 31, 2014March 31, 2013
     Average Average    Average Average 
(Dollars in thousands) Period EndOriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalanceFICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2004$ 178,765  725  728 $ 249,523  726  727 
2004  21,398  712  691   28,662  714  691 
2005  38,586  737  715   47,382  739  713 
2006  72,413  728  706   89,179  732  712 
2007  213,580  733  711   260,136  734  711 
2008  97,500  741  712   118,400  742  712 
Total$ 622,242  730  712 $ 793,282  731  711 
                    

The following table reflects accruing delinquency amounts for the credit card and other portfolio classes as of March 31:
             
 Credit Card Other 
(Dollars in thousands)2014 2013 2014 2013 
Accruing delinquent balances:            
30-89 days past due$ 1,810 $ 1,430 $ 761 $ 723 
90+ days past due  1,622   1,483   130   90 
Total$ 3,432 $ 2,913 $ 891 $ 813 

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

 

For all portfolio segments and classes other than PCI loans, loans are placed on nonaccrual status if it becomes evident that full collection of principal and interest is at risk, impairment has been recognized as a partial charge-off of principal balance, or on a case-by-case basis if FHN continues to receive payments, but there are atypical loan structures or other borrower-specific issues. PCI loans are classified in the table below as accruing. FHN has a meaningful portion of loans that are classified as nonaccrual even though loan payments are being received; these include residential real estate loans where the borrower has been discharged of personal obligation through bankruptcy, and also current second lien loans behind first lien loans with performance issues. The determination of whether a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status generally follows the same internal policies and procedures as other portfolio loans. However, FHN will typically place a consumer real estate loan on nonaccrual status if it is 30 or more days delinquent at the time of modification and is determined to be a TDR, except for residential real estate secured loans discharged in bankruptcy (“discharged bankruptcies”) that are placed on nonaccrual regardless of delinquency status. Current stand-alone second liens are placed on nonaccrual status if they are junior to first liens that are 90 days or more past due or the first lien has been modified into a TDR.

 

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on March 31, 2014: 
                             
  Accruing Non-Accruing   
     30-89 90+       30-89 90+ Total    
     Days Days Total    Days Days Non- Total 
(Dollars in thousands)Current  Past Due Past Due Accruing Current  Past Due Past Due Accruing Loans 
Commercial (C&I):                           
General C&I$ 6,629,412 $ 19,049 $ 452 $ 6,648,913 $ 16,332 $ 3,341 $ 19,438 $ 39,111 $ 6,688,024 
Loans to mortgage companies  709,339   72   -   709,411   -   -   141   141   709,552 
TRUPs (a)  335,543   -   -   335,543   -   -   13,115   13,115   348,658 
Purchased credit impaired loans  5,291   -   1,470   6,761   -   -   -   -   6,761 
Total commercial (C&I)  7,679,585   19,121   1,922   7,700,628   16,332   3,341   32,694   52,367   7,752,995 
Commercial real estate:                           
Income CRE  1,049,843   10,955   -   1,060,798   1,814   330   10,072   12,216   1,073,014 
Residential CRE  37,516   282   -   37,798   -   -   2,718   2,718   40,516 
Purchased credit impaired loans  31,515   5,830   1,543   38,888   -   -   -   -   38,888 
Total commercial real estate  1,118,874   17,067   1,543   1,137,484   1,814   330   12,790   14,934   1,152,418 
Consumer real estate:                           
HELOC  2,624,763   23,734   12,459   2,660,956   67,361   5,395   14,105   86,861   2,747,817 
R/E installment loans  2,447,448   10,812   6,074   2,464,334   35,069   3,486   6,605   45,160   2,509,494 
Purchased credit impaired loans  703   -   -   703   -   -   -   -   703 
Total consumer real estate  5,072,914   34,546   18,533   5,125,993   102,430   8,881   20,710   132,021   5,258,014 
Permanent mortgage  573,095   6,101   2,845   582,041   15,924   2,048   22,229   40,201   622,242 
Credit card & other                           
Credit card  180,011   1,810   1,622   183,443   -   -   -   -   183,443 
Other  148,062   761   130   148,953   1,396   -   -   1,396   150,349 
Total credit card & other  328,073   2,571   1,752   332,396   1,396   -   -   1,396   333,792 
Total loans, net of unearned$ 14,772,541 $ 79,406 $ 26,595 $ 14,878,542 $ 137,896 $ 14,600 $ 88,423 $ 240,919 $ 15,119,461 

  • Total TRUPs includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $26.6 million.

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on March 31, 2013: 
                            
 Accruing Non-Accruing   
    30-89 90+       30-89 90+ Total     
     Days Days Total     Days Days Non- Total  
(Dollars in thousands) CurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingCurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingLoans
Commercial (C&I):                           
General C&I$ 6,493,628 $ 13,177 $ 428 $ 6,507,233 $ 22,439 $ 9,694 $ 34,248 $ 66,381 $ 6,573,614 
Loans to mortgage companies  1,129,728   -   -   1,129,728   -   -   351   351   1,130,079 
TRUPs (a)  341,060   -   -   341,060   -   -   46,433   46,433   387,493 
Total commercial (C&I)  7,964,416   13,177   428   7,978,021   22,439   9,694   81,032   113,165   8,091,186 
Commercial real estate:                           
Income CRE  1,031,037   4,679   -   1,035,716   5,643   1,705   19,524   26,872   1,062,588 
Residential CRE  41,576   -   -   41,576   1,383   -   10,332   11,715   53,291 
Total commercial real estate  1,072,613   4,679   -   1,077,292   7,026   1,705   29,856   38,587   1,115,879 
Consumer real estate:                           
HELOC   3,022,483   28,914   18,135   3,069,532   28,072   1,390   9,580   39,042   3,108,574 
R/E installment loans  2,432,315   11,977   8,456   2,452,748   19,692   2,685   6,481   28,858   2,481,606 
Total consumer real estate  5,454,798   40,891   26,591   5,522,280   47,764   4,075   16,061   67,900   5,590,180 
Permanent mortgage  741,500   6,025   11,126   758,651   12,866   1,266   20,499   34,631   793,282 
Credit card & other                           
Credit card  178,310   1,430   1,483   181,223   -   -   -   -   181,223 
Other  115,390   723   90   116,203   1,717   -   -   1,717   117,920 
Total credit card & other  293,700   2,153   1,573   297,426   1,717   -   -   1,717   299,143 
Total loans, net of unearned$ 15,527,027 $ 66,925 $ 39,718 $ 15,633,670 $ 91,812 $ 16,740 $ 147,448 $ 256,000 $ 15,889,670 

  • Total TRUPs includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $30.9 million.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

As part of FHN's ongoing risk management practices, FHN attempts to work with borrowers when necessary to extend or modify loan terms to better align with their current ability to repay. Extensions and modifications to loans are made in accordance with internal policies and guidelines which conform to regulatory guidance. Each occurrence is unique to the borrower and is evaluated separately. FHN considers regulatory guidelines when restructuring loans to ensure that prudent lending practices are followed. As such, qualification criteria and payment terms consider the borrower's current and prospective ability to comply with the modified terms of the loan.

A modification is classified as a TDR if the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and it is determined that FHN has granted a concession to the borrower. FHN may determine that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty if the borrower is currently in default on any of its debt, or if it is probable that a borrower may default in the foreseeable future. Many aspects of a borrower's financial situation are assessed when determining whether they are experiencing financial difficulty, particularly as it relates to commercial borrowers due to the complex nature of loan structures, business/industry risk, and borrower/guarantor structures. Concessions could include reductions of interest rates, extension of the maturity date at a rate lower than current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, reduction of accrued interest, or principal forgiveness. When evaluating whether a concession has been granted, FHN also considers whether the borrower has provided additional collateral or guarantors, among other things, and whether such additions adequately compensate FHN for the restructured terms. The assessments of whether a borrower is experiencing (or is likely to experience) financial difficulty and whether a concession has been granted is subjective in nature and management's judgment is required when determining whether a modification is classified as a TDR.

For all classes within the commercial portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through forbearance agreements (generally 6 to 12 months). Forbearance agreements could include reduced interest rates, reduced payments, release of guarantor, or entering into short sale agreements. FHN's proprietary modification programs for consumer loans are generally structured using parameters of U.S. government-sponsored programs such as Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”). Within the HELOC and R/E installment loans classes of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 1 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. Permanent mortgage TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 2 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. After 5 years the interest rate steps up 1 percent every year thereafter until it reaches the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac," "Freddie," or "FHLMC") Weekly Survey Rate cap. Contractual maturities may be extended to 40 years on permanent mortgages and to 30 years for consumer real estate loans. Within the credit card class of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through either a short-term credit card hardship program or a longer-term credit card workout program. In the credit card hardship program, borrowers may be granted rate and payment reductions for 6 months to 1 year. In the credit card workout program, customers are granted a rate reduction to 0 percent and term extensions for up to 5 years to pay off the remaining balance.

In 2012, the OCC clarified that the discharge of personal liability through bankruptcy proceedings should be considered a concession. As a result, FHN classifies all non-reaffirmed residential real estate loans after bankruptcy as nonaccruing TDRs.

On March 31, 2014 and 2013, FHN had $353.4 million and $352.4 million portfolio loans classified as TDRs, respectively. For TDRs in the loan portfolio, FHN had loan loss reserves of $65.8 million and $64.6 million, or 19 percent as of March 31, 2014, and 18 percent as of March 31, 2013. Additionally, $137.0 million and $128.6 million of loans held-for-sale as of March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively were classified as TDRs.

The following table reflects portfolio loans that were classified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013: 
                  
  2014 2013 
    Pre-Modification Post-Modification   Pre-Modification Post-Modification 
    Outstanding Outstanding   Outstanding Outstanding 
(Dollars in thousands) Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment 
Commercial (C&I):                
General C&I - $ - $ -  5 $ 1,242 $ 1,238 
 Total commercial (C&I) -   -   -  5   1,242   1,238 
Commercial real estate:                
Income CRE -   -   -  -   -   - 
Residential CRE -   -   -  -   -   - 
 Total commercial real estate -   -   -  -   -   - 
Consumer real estate:                
HELOC 67   5,790   5,768  115   7,759   7,551 
R/E installment loans 72   5,143   5,102  179   6,285   6,233 
 Total consumer real estate 139   10,933   10,870  294   14,044   13,784 
Permanent mortgage 12   4,593   4,087  12   4,737   4,852 
Credit card & other 20   87   85  11   62   59 
Total troubled debt restructurings 171 $ 15,613 $ 15,042  322 $ 20,085 $ 19,933 

The following table presents TDRs which re-defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, and as to which the modification occurred 12 months or less prior to the re-default. Financing receivables that became classified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the period are calculated by first identifying TDRs that defaulted during the period and then determining whether they were modified within the 12 months prior to the default. For purposes of this disclosure, FHN generally defines payment default as 30 or more plus days past due.
            
  2014 2013 
    Recorded   Recorded 
(Dollars in thousands)Number Investment Number Investment 
Commercial (C&I):          
General C&I 4 $ 512  7 $ 6,052 
 Total commercial (C&I) 4   512  7   6,052 
Commercial real estate:          
Income CRE 2   389  3   1,397 
Residential CRE -   -  1   33 
 Total commercial real estate 2   389  4   1,430 
Consumer real estate:          
HELOC 4   307  7   344 
R/E installment loans 3   118  4   129 
 Total consumer real estate 7   425  11   473 
Permanent mortgage -   -  9   4,398 
Credit card & other 2   4  2   5 
Total troubled debt restructurings 15 $ 1,330  33 $ 12,358 

The determination of whether a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status generally follows the same internal policies and procedures as other portfolio loans. However, FHN will typically place a consumer real estate loan on nonaccrual status if it is 30 or more days delinquent upon modification into a TDR. For commercial loans, nonaccrual TDRs that are reasonably assured of repayment according to their modified terms may be returned to accrual status by FHN upon a detailed credit evaluation of the borrower's financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms. For consumer loans, FHN's evaluation supporting the decision to return a modified loan to accrual status includes consideration of the borrower's sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable period prior to the date on which the loan is returned to accrual status, which is generally a minimum of six months. FHN may also consider a borrower's sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable time prior to the restructuring in assessing whether the borrower can meet the restructured terms, as it may indicate that the borrower is capable of servicing the level of debt under the modified terms. Otherwise, FHN will continue to classify restructured loans as nonaccrual. Consistent with regulatory guidance, upon sustained performance and classification as a TDR over FHN's year-end, the loan will be removed from TDR status as long as the modified terms were market-based at the time of modification.