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Loans
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2013
Loans [Abstract]  
Loans

Note 4Loans

The following table provides the balance of loans by portfolio segment as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, and December 31, 2012:
           
    September 30 December 31 
(Dollars in thousands)   2013 2012 2012 
Commercial:           
 Commercial, financial, and industrial  $7,746,942 $8,466,450 $8,796,956 
 Commercial real estate 1,173,711  1,229,855  1,168,235 
Retail:           
 Consumer real estate (a) 5,458,047  5,735,904  5,688,703 
 Permanent mortgage (b) 697,694  805,511  765,583 
 Credit card & other 332,162  286,063  289,105 
Loans, net of unearned income$15,408,556 $16,523,783 $16,708,582 
Allowance for loan losses 255,710  281,744  276,963 
Total net loans  $15,152,846 $16,242,039 $16,431,619 

Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation.

  • Balances as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, and December 31, 2012 include $349.3 million, $417.0 million and $402.4 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 14 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.
  • Balances as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, and December 31, 2012 include $11.7 million, $14.2 million and $13.2 million of restricted and secured real estate loans, respectively. See Note 14 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

Components of the Loan Portfolio

The loan portfolio was disaggregated into segments and then further disaggregated into classes for certain disclosures. A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which FHN develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for credit losses. A class is generally determined based on the initial measurement attribute (i.e., amortized cost or purchased credit impaired), risk characteristics of the loan, and FHN's method for monitoring and assessing credit risk. Commercial loan portfolio segments include commercial, financial, and industrial (“C&I”) and commercial real estate (“CRE”). Commercial classes within C&I include general C&I, loans to mortgage companies, the trust preferred loans (“TRUPs”)(i.e., loans to bank and insurance-related businesses) portfolio and purchase credit impaired ("PCI") loans. Loans to mortgage companies includes commercial lines of credit to qualified mortgage companies exclusively for the temporary warehousing of eligible mortgage loans prior to the borrower's sale of those mortgage loans to third party investors. Commercial classes within commercial real estate include income CRE, residential CRE and PCI loans. Retail loan portfolio segments include consumer real estate, permanent mortgage, and the credit card and other portfolio. Retail classes include HELOC, real estate (“R/E”) installment and PCI loans within the consumer real estate segment, permanent mortgage (which is both a segment and a class), and credit card and other.

Acquisition

On June 7, 2013, FHN acquired substantially all of the assets and liabilities of MNB from the FDIC. The acquisition included approximately $249 million of loans. These loans are recorded at fair value which incorporates expected credit losses in accordance with ASC 805 resulting in no carryover of allowance for loan loss from the acquiree. See Note 2 - Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information regarding the acquisition. At acquisition, FHN designated certain loans as purchase credit impaired (see discussion below) with the remaining loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, "Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs". For loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, the difference between the loans' book value to MNB and the estimated fair value at the time of the acquisition will be accreted back into interest income over the remaining contractual life and the subsequent accounting and reporting will be similar to FHN's originated loan portfolio.

Purchase Credit Impaired Loans

ASC 310-30 "Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer", provides guidance for acquired loans that have experienced deterioration of credit quality between origination and the time of acquisition and for which the timely collection of the interest and principal is no longer reasonably assured ("PCI loans"). PCI loans are initially recorded at fair value which was estimated by discounting expected cash flows at acquisition date. The expected cash flows includes all contractually expected amounts (including interest) and incorporates an estimate for future expected credit losses, pre-payment assumptions, and yield requirement for a market participant, among other things. To the extent possible, certain PCI loans were aggregated with composite interest rate and expectation of cash flows expected to be collected for the pool. Aggregation into loan pools is based on common risk characteristics that include similar credit risk or risk ratings, and one or more predominant risk characteristics. PCI pools are accounted for as a single unit.

Accretable yield is the excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the initial investment in the loan and is recognized in interest income over the remaining life of the loan, or pool of loans. Nonaccretable difference is the difference between the contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition. In quarters subsequent to the acquisition date, FHN re-estimates expected cash flows for PCI loans. Increases in expected cash flows from the last measurement will result in reversal of any nonaccretable difference (or allowance for loan losses to the extent any has been recorded) with a prospective positive impact on interest income. Decreases to the expected cash flows will result in an increase in the allowance for loan losses through increased provision expense. Generally, PCI loans will not be reported as nonperforming loans, troubled debt restructurings (if pooled), or impaired loans unless there has been an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of a loan below amortized cost or if it is probable that a loan has become impaired in periods subsequent to the acquisition.

The following table reflects FHN's contractually required payments receivable, cash flows expected to be collected, and the fair value of purchase credit impaired ("PCI") loans at the acquisition date of June 7, 2013. The table has been revised from second quarter 2013 as the PCI population was finalized in third quarter 2013.

 

(Dollars in thousands)June 7, 2013 
Contractually required payments including interest$ 79,676 
Less: nonaccretable difference  (23,750) 
Cash flows expected to be collected  55,926 
Less: accretable yield  (6,650) 
Fair value of loans acquired$ 49,276 

The following table presents a rollforward of the accretable yield for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013: 
       
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2013 September 30, 2013 
Balance, beginning of period$ 6,432 $ - 
Impact of acquisition/purchase on June 7, 2013  -   6,650 
Accretion  (821)   (1,039) 
Adjustment for payoffs  (15)   (15) 
Balance, end of period$ 5,596 $ 5,596 

At September 30, 2013, there were no additions to the allowance for loan losses or adjustments to the nonaccretable difference. The following table reflects the outstanding principal balance and carrying amounts of the acquired PCI loans as of September 30, 2013: 
       
 September 30, 2013 
(Dollars in thousands)Ending balance Unpaid balance 
Commercial, financial and industrial$ 2,410 $ 2,758 
Commercial real estate  45,443   63,061 
Consumer real estate  894   1,309 
Credit card and other  17   24 
Total$ 48,764 $ 67,152 

Concentrations

FHN has a concentration of loans secured by residential real estate (40 percent of total loans), the majority of which is in the consumer real estate portfolio (35 percent of total loans). Loans to finance and insurance companies total $1.6 billion (21 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 10 percent of the total loans). FHN had loans to mortgage companies totaling $0.7 billion (9 percent of the C&I portfolio, or 5 percent of total loans) as of September 30, 2013. As a result, 30 percent of the C&I category was sensitive to impacts on the financial services industry.

Regulatory Focus on Consumer Loan Accounting and Reporting

In first quarter 2012, the Office of the Comptroller of Currency ("OCC") issued interagency guidance related to ALLL estimation and nonaccrual practices, and risk management policies for junior lien loans. As a result, FHN modified its nonaccrual policies in first quarter 2012, to place current second liens on nonaccrual if the first lien is owned or serviced by FHN and is 90 or more days past due. For non FHN-serviced first liens, in second quarter 2013, FHN received information from a third party vendor regarding the performance status of those first liens and placed stand-alone second liens on nonaccrual if the first lien was 90 days or more past due or had been modified. Because probable incurred losses had been contemplated in the allowance for loan loss estimate in prior quarters, this new information did not result in a significant increase in the ALLL.

In third quarter 2012, the OCC clarified that residential real estate loans in which personal liability has been discharged through Chapter 7 bankruptcy and not reaffirmed by the borrower are collateral dependent and should be reported as nonaccruing troubled debt restructuring ("TDR"). As a result, FHN charged-down such loans to the net realizable value of the collateral and the remaining balances were reported as nonaccruing TDRs regardless of the loan's delinquency status. With the implementation of this guidance, provision expense increased by approximately $30 million and net charge-offs increased by $40.0 million in third quarter 2012.

Because of the composition of FHN's residential real estate portfolios, these changes most significantly impacted the consumer real estate portfolio segment. The level of nonperforming loans and TDRs in the consumer real estate and permanent mortgage portfolios was affected by the regulatory actions discussed above.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses       

The ALLL includes the following components: reserves for commercial loans evaluated based on pools of credit graded loans and reserves for pools of smaller-balance homogeneous retail loans, both determined in accordance with ASC 450-20-50. The reserve factors applied to these pools are an estimate of probable incurred losses based on management's evaluation of historical net losses from loans with similar characteristics and are subject to qualitative adjustments by management to reflect current events, trends, and conditions (including economic considerations and trends). The slow economic recovery, performance of the housing market, unemployment levels, the regulatory environment, regulatory guidance, and both positive and negative portfolio segment-specific trends, are examples of additional factors considered by management in determining the ALLL. The ALLL also includes reserves determined in accordance with ASC 310-10-35 for loans determined by management to be individually impaired.

Commercial

For commercial loans, reserves are established using historical net loss factors by grade level, loan product, and business segment. An assessment of the quality of individual commercial loans is made utilizing credit grades assigned internally based on a dual grading system which estimates both the probability of default (“PD”) and loss severity in the event of default. PD grades range from 1-16 while estimated loss severities, or loss given default (“LGD”) grades, range from 1-12. This credit grading system is intended to identify and measure the credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the migration of loans between grading categories. It is also integral to the estimation methodology utilized in determining the allowance for loan losses since an allowance is established for pools of commercial loans based on the credit grade assigned. The appropriate relationship team performs the process of categorizing commercial loans into the appropriate credit grades, initially as a component of the approval of the loan, and subsequently throughout the life of the loan as part of the servicing regimen. The proper loan grade for larger exposures is confirmed by a senior credit officer in the approval process. To determine the most appropriate credit grade for each loan, the credit risk grading system employs scorecards for particular categories of loans that consist of a number of objective and subjective measures that are weighted in a manner that produces a rank ordering of risk within pass-graded credits. Loan grading discipline is regularly reviewed by Credit Risk Assurance to determine if the process continues to result in accurate loan grading across the portfolio. FHN may utilize availability of guarantors/sponsors to support lending decisions during the credit underwriting process and when determining the assignment of internal loan grades.

Retail

The ALLL for smaller-balance homogenous retail loans is determined based on pools of similar loan types that have similar credit risk characteristics. FHN manages retail loan credit risk on a class basis. Reserves by portfolio are determined using segmented roll-rate models that incorporate various factors including historical delinquency trends, experienced loss frequencies, and experienced loss severities. Generally, reserves for retail loans reflect inherent losses in the portfolio that are expected to be recognized over the following twelve months.

Individually Impaired

Generally, classified nonaccrual commercial loans over $1 million and all commercial and consumer loans classified as TDRs are deemed to be impaired and are individually assessed for impairment measurement in accordance with ASC 310-10-35. PCI loans are not considered impaired loans unless there are declines in fair value in reporting periods subsequent to the acquisition date. For all commercial portfolio segments, commercial TDRs and other individually impaired commercial loans are measured based on the present value of expected future payments discounted at the loan's effective interest rate (“the DCF method”), observable market prices, or for loans that are solely dependent on the collateral for repayment, the net realizable value. For loans measured using the DCF method or by observable market prices, if the recorded investment in the impaired loan exceeds this amount, a specific allowance is established as a component of the ALLL until such time as a loss is expected and recognized; for impaired collateral-dependent loans, FHN will charge off the full difference between the book value and the best estimate of net realizable value. 

Generally, the allowance for TDRs in all consumer portfolio segments is determined by estimating the expected future cash flows using the modified interest rate (if an interest rate concession), incorporating payoff and net charge-off rates specific to the TDRs within the portfolio segment being assessed, and discounted using the pre-modification interest rate. The discount rates of variable rate TDRs are adjusted to reflect changes in the interest rate index in which the rates are tied. The discounted cash flows are then compared to the outstanding principal balance in order to determine required reserves. Residential real estate loans discharged through bankruptcy are collateral-dependent and are charged down to net realizable value.

The following table provides a rollforward of the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012: 
    CommercialConsumerPermanentCredit Card   
(Dollars in thousands)C&IReal EstateReal EstateMortgageand Other Total 
Balance as of July 1, 2012$ 110,645$ 41,546$ 133,421$ 29,112$ 6,327$ 321,051 
Charge-offs  (7,077)  (4,446)  (69,351)  (2,889)  (3,259)  (87,022) 
Recoveries  1,892  1,240  2,941  734  908  7,715 
Provision  1,081  (10,991)  48,938  (1,400)  2,372  40,000 
Balance as of September 30, 2012  106,541  27,349  115,949  25,557  6,348  281,744 
Balance as of January 1, 2012  130,413  55,586  165,077  26,194  7,081  384,351 
Charge-offs  (23,310)  (18,070)  (132,618)  (10,597)  (9,238)  (193,833) 
Recoveries  8,568  2,779  12,255  1,905  2,719  28,226 
Provision  (9,130)  (12,946)  71,235  8,055  5,786  63,000 
Balance as of September 30, 2012  106,541  27,349  115,949  25,557  6,348  281,744 
Allowance - individually evaluated for impairment  28,672  183  31,629  20,988  237  81,709 
Allowance - collectively evaluated for impairment  77,869  27,166  84,320  4,569  6,111  200,035 
Loans, net of unearned as of September 30, 2012:             
 Individually evaluated for impairment  153,480  66,357  145,481  129,101  913  495,332 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  8,312,970  1,163,498  5,590,423  676,410  285,150  16,028,451 
Total loans, net of unearned   8,466,450  1,229,855  5,735,904  805,511  286,063  16,523,783 
Balance as of July 1, 2013  93,502  13,931  120,848  27,103  6,550  261,934 
Charge-offs  (4,869)  (515)  (16,412)  (1,366)  (2,884)  (26,046) 
Recoveries  3,242  587  4,398  841  754  9,822 
Provision  (495)  (3,010)  11,992  (1,022)  2,535  10,000 
Balance as of September 30, 2013   91,380  10,993  120,826  25,556  6,955  255,710 
Balance as of January 1, 2013  96,191  19,997  128,949  24,928  6,898  276,963 
Charge-offs  (16,201)  (2,612)  (58,792)  (6,577)  (8,236)  (92,418) 
Recoveries  9,839  2,703  14,932  1,609  2,082  31,165 
Provision  1,551  (9,095)  35,737  5,596  6,211  40,000 
Balance as of September 30, 2013   91,380  10,993  120,826  25,556  6,955  255,710 
Allowance - individually evaluated for impairment  15,702  1,581  38,426  18,646  212  74,567 
Allowance - collectively evaluated for impairment  75,678  9,412  82,400  6,910  6,743  181,143 
Loans, net of unearned as of September 30, 2013:             
 Individually evaluated for impairment  102,729  30,266  170,401  144,036  648  448,080 
 Collectively evaluated for impairment  7,641,803  1,098,002  5,286,752  553,658  331,497  14,911,712 
 Purchased credit impaired loans  2,410  45,443  894  -  17  48,764 
Total loans, net of unearned $ 7,746,942$ 1,173,711$ 5,458,047$ 697,694$ 332,162$ 15,408,556 

Impaired Loans                     
                       
The following tables provide information at September 30, 2013 and 2012, by class related to individually impaired loans and consumer TDR's. Recorded investment is defined as the amount of the investment in a loan, before valuation allowance but which does reflect any direct write-down of the investment. For purposes of this disclosure, PCI loans and LOCOM have been excluded. 
              
           Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 
  At September 30, 2013 September 30, 2013 September 30, 2013 
     Unpaid    Average Interest Average Interest 
  RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecorded Income Recorded Income 
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowanceInvestment Recognized Investment Recognized 
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:                   
Commercial:                     
 General C&I$34,193 $43,677 $ - $40,812 $ - $51,845 $ 108 
 TRUPs 6,500  6,500   -  6,500   -  10,583   - 
 Income CRE 12,939  24,219   -  17,959   -  24,828   168 
 Residential CRE 0  182   -  5,483   -  10,860   122 
 Total$53,632 $74,578 $ - $70,754 $ - $98,116 $ 398 
Retail:                     
 HELOC (a)$18,323 $40,867 $ - $19,016 $ - $20,032 $ - 
 R/E installment loans (a) 11,632  15,102   -  11,913   -  12,166   - 
 Permanent mortgage (a) 14,531  14,531   -  14,663   -  14,168   - 
 Total$44,486 $70,500 $ - $45,592 $ - $46,366 $ - 
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:                   
Commercial:                     
 General C&I$31,672 $38,075 $2,447 $27,944 $ 71 $16,319 $ 108 
 TRUPs 33,610  33,610  13,255  38,655   -  39,185   - 
 Income CRE 10,274  11,330  765  7,552   70  3,859   96 
 Residential CRE 7,053  12,383  816  4,567   68  1,869   84 
 Total$82,609 $95,398 $17,283 $78,718 $ 209 $61,232 $ 288 
Retail:                     
 HELOC$68,903 $71,708 $15,702 $68,287 $ 483 $65,005 $ 1,373 
 R/E installment loans 71,543  72,686  22,724  75,084   336  72,571   1,025 
 Permanent mortgage 129,505  129,702  18,646  127,187   776  124,421   2,164 
 Credit card & other 648  648  212  682   7  732   23 
 Total$270,599 $274,744 $57,284 $271,240 $ 1,602 $262,729 $ 4,585 
Total commercial$136,241 $169,976 $17,283 $149,472 $ 209 $159,348 $ 686 
Total retail$315,085 $345,244 $57,284 $316,832 $ 1,602 $309,095 $ 4,585 
Total impaired loans$451,326 $515,220 $74,567 $466,304 $ 1,811 $468,443 $ 5,271 

  • All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

           Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 
  September 30, 2012 September 30, 2012 September 30, 2012 
     Unpaid    Average Interest Average Interest 
  RecordedPrincipalRelatedRecordedIncome RecordedIncome 
(Dollars in thousands)InvestmentBalanceAllowanceInvestmentRecognized InvestmentRecognized 
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:                     
Commercial:                     
 General C&I$ 59,215 $ 75,587 $ - $ 60,669 $ 142 $ 67,098 $ 549 
 TRUPs  45,892   45,892   -   46,446   -   46,446   - 
 Income CRE  44,956   69,684   -   48,166   96   56,305   249 
 Residential CRE  19,993   36,108   -   21,167   70   22,142   204 
 Total$ 170,056 $ 227,271 $ - $ 176,448 $ 308 $ 191,991 $ 1,002 
Retail:                     
 HELOC (a)$ 13,086 $ 40,222 $ - $ 142 $ - $ 48 $ - 
 R/E installment loans (a)  8,696   24,263   -   95   -   32   - 
 Permanent mortgage (a)  13,282   17,040   -   144   -   48   - 
 Total$ 35,064 $ 81,525 $ - $ 381 $ - $ 128 $ - 
Impaired loans with related allowance recorded:                     
Commercial:                     
 General C&I$ 20,580 $ 22,374 $ 7,351 $ 19,764 $ 33 $ 17,512 $ 100 
 TRUPs  33,700   33,700   21,321   33,700   -   33,700   - 
 Income CRE  1,408   1,408   183   1,469   14   1,815   43 
 Residential CRE  -   -   -   8,700   -   10,577   - 
 Total$ 55,688 $ 57,482 $ 28,855 $ 63,633 $ 47 $ 63,604 $ 143 
Retail:                     
 HELOC$ 57,020 $ 57,422 $ 12,980 $ 57,097 $ 389 $ 53,469 $ 1,173 
 R/E installment loans  66,679   67,053   18,649   67,272   294   68,444   835 
 Permanent mortgage  115,819   115,880   20,988   117,679   714   94,442   2,104 
 Credit card & other  913   913   237   923   2   1,015   23 
 Total$ 240,431 $ 241,268 $ 52,854 $ 242,971 $ 1,399 $ 217,370 $ 4,135 
Total commercial$ 225,744 $ 284,753 $ 28,855 $ 240,081 $ 355 $ 255,595 $ 1,145 
Total retail$ 275,495 $ 322,793 $ 52,854 $ 243,352 $ 1,399 $ 217,498 $ 4,135 
Total impaired loans$ 501,239 $ 607,546 $ 81,709 $ 483,433 $ 1,754 $ 473,093 $ 5,280 

  • All discharged bankruptcy loans are charged down to an estimate of net realizable value and do not carry any allowance.

 

Asset Quality Indicators

As previously discussed, FHN employs a dual grade commercial risk grading methodology to assign an estimate for PD and the LGD for each commercial loan using factors specific to various industry, portfolio, or product segments that result in a rank ordering of risk and the assignment of grades PD 1 to PD 16. Each PD grade corresponds to an estimated one-year default probability percentage; a PD 1 has the lowest expected default probability, and probabilities increase as grades progress down the scale. PD 1 through PD 12 are “pass” grades. PD grades 13-16 correspond to the regulatory-defined categories of special mention (13), substandard (14), doubtful (15), and loss (16). Pass loan grades are required to be reassessed annually or earlier whenever there has been a material change in the financial condition of the borrower or risk characteristics of the relationship. All commercial loans over $1 million and certain commercial loans over $500,000 that are graded 13 or worse are reassessed on a quarterly basis. LGD grades are assigned based on a scale of 1-12 and represent FHN's expected recovery based on collateral type in the event a loan defaults.

The following tables provide the balances of commercial loan portfolio classes with associated allowance, disaggregated by PD grade as of September 30, 2013 and 2012: 
 September 30, 2013 
    Loans to                 Allowance 
 General Mortgage    IncomeResidential   Percentage  for Loan
(Dollars in thousands)C&I Companies TRUPS (a) CRECRETotal of Total  Losses
PD Grade:                         
1$ 228,555 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 228,555  3% $ 81 
2  179,955   -   -   -   -   179,955  2    79 
3  194,880   -   -   2,687   -   197,567  2    224 
4  311,097   -   -   -   -   311,097  4    517 
5  790,748   -   -   11,823   216   802,787  9    1,363 
6  938,609   40,200   -   44,311   286   1,023,406  12    1,973 
7  1,125,031   202,128   -   228,814   9,978   1,565,951  17    3,377 
8  881,668   308,282   -   202,417   5,058   1,397,425  16    4,895 
9  615,180   152,275   -   203,308   1,499   972,262  11    7,981 
10  451,318   29,008   -   139,026   1,066   620,418  7    8,640 
11  399,082   473   -   69,945   277   469,777  5    10,338 
12  124,916   -   -   57,534   1,224   183,674  2    2,425 
13  159,675   -   332,707   33,439   1,324   527,145  6    8,596 
14,15,16  172,346   335   3,335   73,737   10,033   259,786  3    34,601 
Collectively evaluated for impairment  6,573,060   732,701   336,042   1,067,041   30,961   8,739,805  99    85,090 
Individually evaluated for impairment  65,865   -   36,864   23,213   7,053   132,995  1    17,283 
Total commercial loans$ 6,638,925 $ 732,701 $ 372,906 $ 1,090,254 $ 38,014 $ 8,872,800 (b) 100% $ 102,373 

 September 30, 2012 
    Loans to                Allowance 
 GeneralMortgage  IncomeResidential  Percent of for Loan
(Dollars in thousands)C&ICompaniesTRUPS (a)CRECRETotalTotal Losses
PD Grade:                        
1$ 213,872 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 213,872  2 $ 54 
2  183,044   -   -   2,557   -   185,601  2    93 
3  129,183   -   -   8,210   -   137,393  1    79 
4  255,875   -   -   5,660   26   261,561  3    226 
5  500,389   -   -   28,115   117   528,621  6    1,027 
6  899,007   129,816   -   166,183   5,024   1,200,030  12    3,002 
7  997,337   327,812   -   156,309   4,056   1,485,514  15    7,868 
8  936,437   959,623   -   172,200   515   2,068,775  21    12,028 
9  651,137   186,130   -   172,544   1,375   1,011,186  10    10,084 
10  508,520   33,302   -   96,892   1,336   640,050  7    8,103 
11  462,654   -   -   84,635   2,024   549,313  6    9,112 
12  175,688   -   -   11,848   1,278   188,814  2    2,709 
13  154,787   -   338,177   75,408   3,705   572,077  6    9,211 
14,15,16  270,180   -   -   133,941   29,540   433,661  5    41,439 
Collectively evaluated for impairment  6,338,110   1,636,683   338,177   1,114,502   48,996   9,476,468  98    105,035 
Individually evaluated for impairment  79,795   -   73,685   46,364   19,993   219,837  2    28,855 
Total commercial loans$ 6,417,905 $ 1,636,683 $ 411,862 $ 1,160,866 $ 68,989 $ 9,696,305  100 $ 133,890 
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. 

  • Balances as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, presented net of $29.4 million and $34.2 million, respectively, in lower of cost or market (“LOCOM”) valuation allowance. Based on the underlying structure of the notes, the highest possible internal grade is "13".
  • Balance as of September 30, 2013, excludes PCI loans amounting to $47.9 million.

The retail portfolio is comprised primarily of smaller-balance loans which are very similar in nature in that most are standard products and are backed by residential real estate. Because of the similarities of retail loan-types, FHN is able to utilize the Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) score, among other attributes, to assess the quality of consumer borrowers. FICO scores are refreshed on a quarterly basis in an attempt to reflect the recent risk profile of the borrowers. Accruing delinquency amounts are indicators of asset quality within the credit card and other retail portfolio.

The following tables reflect period-end balances and average FICO scores by origination vintage for the HELOC, real estate installment, and permanent mortgage classes of loans as of September 30, 2013 and 2012:
                    
HELOC                  
(Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2013 September 30, 2012 
     Average Average    Average Average 
  Period End OriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalance FICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2003$ 88,416  711  702 $ 135,605  718  710 
2003  163,576  728  714   235,546  733  724 
2004  421,542  727  717   514,791  728  718 
2005  548,756  733  720   642,027  734  719 
2006  400,023  741  725   474,706  741  726 
2007  421,964  744  728   498,011  745  729 
2008  233,642  754  747   267,346  755  748 
2009  121,555  750  744   152,687  753  748 
2010  120,022  753  750   150,243  754  752 
2011  119,553  758  754   146,768  759  758 
2012  145,507  759  759   117,905  761  759 
2013  111,976  762  761   -   -   - 
Total$2,896,532  741  730 $ 3,335,635  740  731 

                    
R/E Installment LoansSeptember 30, 2013September 30, 2012
(Dollars in thousands)    Average Average    Average Average 
  Period End Origination Refreshed Period End Origination Refreshed 
Origination VintageBalance  FICO FICO Balance FICO FICO 
pre-2003$ 26,603  682  684 $ 41,783  686  686 
2003  81,915  716  725   122,330  721  730 
2004  58,244  701  699   78,439  707  706 
2005  170,742  717  711   224,780  718  713 
2006  183,847  716  701   244,101  719  703 
2007  264,851  725  709   338,306  728  711 
2008  91,883  723  720   122,014  728  720 
2009  39,549  742  736   67,590  748  744 
2010  131,004  747  754   163,618  745  751 
2011  347,315  761  761   428,167  760  759 
2012  707,972  764  764   569,141  765  761 
2013  457,590  758  754   -   -   - 
Total$2,561,515  746  742 $2,400,269  741  733 

                    
Permanent MortgageSeptember 30, 2013September 30, 2012
(Dollars in thousands)    Average Average    Average Average 
  Period EndOriginationRefreshedPeriod EndOriginationRefreshed
Origination VintageBalanceFICOFICOBalanceFICOFICO
pre-2004$ 205,111  725  725 $ 220,499  726  729 
2004  24,595  712  693   31,422  715  692 
2005  41,643  738  712   52,058  739  716 
2006  81,932  731  711   94,898  734  706 
2007  236,819  733  710   275,594  734  711 
2008  107,594  741  714   131,040  742  712 
Total$ 697,694  731  713 $ 805,511  732  712 
                    

The following table reflects accruing delinquency amounts for the credit card and other portfolio classes as of September 30:
             
 Credit Card Other 
(Dollars in thousands)2013 2012 2013 2012 
Accruing delinquent balances:            
30-89 days past due$ 1,480 $ 1,666 $ 803 $ 594 
90+ days past due  1,258   1,352   138   477 
Total$ 2,738 $ 3,018 $ 941 $ 1,071 

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

 

For all portfolio segments and classes, loans are placed on nonaccrual status if it becomes evident that full collection of principal and interest is at risk, impairment has been recognized as a partial charge-off of principal balance, or on a case-by-case basis if FHN continues to receive payments, but there are atypical loan structures or other borrower-specific issues. PCI loans are classified in the table below as accruing. FHN has a meaningful portion of loans that are classified as nonaccrual even though loan payments are being received; these include residential real estate loans where the borrower has been discharged of personal obligation through bankruptcy, and also current second lien loans behind first lien loans with performance issues. The determination of whether a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status generally follows the same internal policies and procedures as other portfolio loans. However, FHN will typically place a consumer real estate loan on nonaccrual status if it is 30 or more days delinquent at the time of modification and is determined to be a TDR, except for residential real estate secured loans discharged in bankruptcy (“discharged bankruptcies”) that are placed on nonaccrual regardless of delinquency status. Stand-alone second liens are placed on nonaccrual status if they are behind first liens that are 90 days or more past due or the first lien has been modified.

 

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on September 30, 2013: 
                             
  Accruing Non-Accruing   
     30-89 90+       30-89 90+ Total    
     Days Days Total    Days Days Non- Total 
(Dollars in thousands)Current  Past Due Past Due Accruing Current  Past Due Past Due Accruing Loans 
Commercial (C&I):                           
General C&I$ 6,565,838 $ 7,314 $ 247 $ 6,573,399 $ 33,582 $ 3,610 $ 28,334 $ 65,526 $ 6,638,925 
Loans to mortgage companies  731,684   682   -   732,366   -   -   335   335   732,701 
TRUPs (a)  336,042   -   -   336,042   -   -   36,864   36,864   372,906 
Purchased credit impaired loans  1,942   468   -   2,410   -   -   -   -   2,410 
Total commercial (C&I)  7,635,506   8,464   247   7,644,217   33,582   3,610   65,533   102,725   7,746,942 
Commercial real estate:                           
Income CRE  1,063,940   5,438   283   1,069,661   6,791   -   13,802   20,593   1,090,254 
Residential CRE  33,442   177   -   33,619   285   -   4,110   4,395   38,014 
Purchased credit impaired loans  44,241   637   565   45,443   -   -   -   -   45,443 
Total commercial real estate  1,141,623   6,252   848   1,148,723   7,076   -   17,912   24,988   1,173,711 
Consumer real estate:                           
HELOC  2,778,336   24,072   12,641   2,815,049   61,733   5,521   14,229   81,483   2,896,532 
R/E installment loans  2,499,516   14,156   6,475   2,520,147   29,549   3,048   7,877   40,474   2,560,621 
Purchased credit impaired loans  894   -   -   894   -   -   -   -   894 
Total consumer real estate  5,278,746   38,228   19,116   5,336,090   91,282   8,569   22,106   121,957   5,458,047 
Permanent mortgage  643,385   5,097   12,239   660,721   13,518   1,321   22,134   36,973   697,694 
Credit card & other                           
Credit card  186,749   1,480   1,258   189,487   -   -   -   -   189,487 
Other  140,318   803   138   141,259   1,399   -   -   1,399   142,658 
Purchased credit impaired loans  17   -   -   17   -   -   -   -   17 
Total credit card & other  327,084   2,283   1,396   330,763   1,399   -   -   1,399   332,162 
Total loans, net of unearned$ 15,026,344 $ 60,324 $ 33,846 $ 15,120,514 $ 146,857 $ 13,500 $ 127,685 $ 288,042 $ 15,408,556 

  • Total TRUPs includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $29.4 million.

The following table reflects accruing and non-accruing loans by class on September 30, 2012: 
                            
 Accruing Non-Accruing   
    30-89 90+       30-89 90+ Total     
     Days Days Total     Days Days Non- Total  
(Dollars in thousands) CurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingCurrentPast DuePast DueAccruingLoans
Commercial (C&I):                           
General C&I$ 6,315,340 $ 25,221 $ 428 $ 6,340,989 $ 36,480 $ 9,734 $ 30,702 $ 76,916 $ 6,417,905 
Loans to mortgage companies  1,636,683   -   -   1,636,683   -   -   -   -   1,636,683 
TRUPs (a)  338,177   -   -   338,177   -   -   73,685   73,685   411,862 
Total commercial (C&I)  8,290,200   25,221   428   8,315,849   36,480   9,734   104,387   150,601   8,466,450 
Commercial real estate:                           
Income CRE  1,111,616   2,393   -   1,114,009   10,552   3,689   32,616   46,857   1,160,866 
Residential CRE  51,288   823   -   52,111   1,654   126   15,098   16,878   68,989 
Total commercial real estate  1,162,904   3,216   -   1,166,120   12,206   3,815   47,714   63,735   1,229,855 
Consumer real estate:                           
HELOC   3,246,585   36,223   18,774   3,301,582   20,990   1,195   11,868   34,053   3,335,635 
R/E installment loans  2,350,465   18,332   10,185   2,378,982   12,954   2,470   5,863   21,287   2,400,269 
Total consumer real estate  5,597,050   54,555   28,959   5,680,564   33,944   3,665   17,731   55,340   5,735,904 
Permanent mortgage  748,470   15,241   7,774   771,485   18,165   2,095   13,766   34,026   805,511 
Credit card & other                           
Credit card  183,893   1,666   1,352   186,911   -   -   -   -   186,911 
Other  96,245   594   477   97,316   1,835   1   -   1,836   99,152 
Total credit card & other  280,138   2,260   1,829   284,227   1,835   1   -   1,836   286,063 
Total loans, net of unearned$ 16,078,762 $ 100,493 $ 38,990 $ 16,218,245 $ 102,630 $ 19,310 $ 183,598 $ 305,538 $ 16,523,783 

  • Total TRUPs includes LOCOM valuation allowance of $34.2 million.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

As part of FHN's ongoing risk management practices, FHN attempts to work with borrowers when necessary to extend or modify loan terms to better align with their current ability to repay. Extensions and modifications to loans are made in accordance with internal policies and guidelines which conform to regulatory guidance. Each occurrence is unique to the borrower and is evaluated separately. FHN considers regulatory guidelines when restructuring loans to ensure that prudent lending practices are followed. As such, qualification criteria and payment terms consider the borrower's current and prospective ability to comply with the modified terms of the loan.

A modification is classified as a TDR if the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and it is determined that FHN has granted a concession to the borrower. FHN may determine that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty if the borrower is currently in default on any of its debt, or if it is probable that a borrower may default in the foreseeable future. Many aspects of a borrower's financial situation are assessed when determining whether they are experiencing financial difficulty, particularly as it relates to commercial borrowers due to the complex nature of loan structures, business/industry risk, and borrower/guarantor structures. Concessions could include reductions of interest rates, extension of the maturity date at a rate lower than current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, reduction of accrued interest, or principal forgiveness. When evaluating whether a concession has been granted, FHN also considers whether the borrower has provided additional collateral or guarantors and whether such additions adequately compensate FHN for the restructured terms. The assessments of whether a borrower is experiencing (or is likely to experience) financial difficulty and whether a concession has been granted is subjective in nature and management's judgment is required when determining whether a modification is classified as a TDR.

For all classes within the commercial portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through forbearance agreements (generally 6 to 12 months). Forbearance agreements could include reduced interest rates, reduced payments, release of guarantor in exchange for payment, or entering into short sale agreements. FHN's proprietary modification programs for consumer loans are generally structured using parameters of U.S. government-sponsored programs such as Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”). Within the HELOC and R/E installment loans classes of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 1 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. Permanent mortgage TDRs are typically modified by reducing the interest rate (in increments of 25 basis points to a minimum of 2 percent for up to 5 years) and a possible maturity date extension to reach an affordable housing debt ratio. After 5 years the interest rate steps up 1 percent every year thereafter until it reaches the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac," "Freddie," or "FHLMC") Weekly Survey Rate cap. Contractual maturities may be extended to 40 years on permanent mortgages and to 30 years for consumer real estate loans. Within the credit card class of the consumer portfolio segment, TDRs are typically modified through either a short-term credit card hardship program or a longer-term credit card workout program. In the credit card hardship program, borrowers may be granted rate and payment reductions for 6 months to 1 year. In the credit card workout program, customers are granted a rate reduction to 0 percent and term extensions for up to 5 years to pay off the remaining balance.

On September 30, 2013 and 2012, FHN had $385.3 million and $371.4 million portfolio loans classified as TDRs, respectively. For TDRs in the loan portfolio, FHN had loan loss reserves of $61.3 million and $60.0 million, or 16 percent as of September 30, 2013 and 2012. Additionally, FHN had restructured $193.0 million and $171.9 million of loans held-for-sale as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Loans held-for-sale are presented at UPB before fair value adjustments and do not carry reserves.

The following tables reflect portfolio loans (excluding acquired loans) that were classified as TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012: 
                  
  Three Months Ended September 30, 2013 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 
    Pre-Modification Post-Modification   Pre-Modification Post-Modification 
    Outstanding Outstanding   Outstanding Outstanding 
(Dollars in thousands) Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment 
Commercial (C&I):                
General C&I 2 $ 1,161 $ 1,134  10 $ 17,350 $ 17,313 
 Total commercial (C&I) 2   1,161   1,134  10   17,350   17,313 
Commercial real estate:                
Income CRE -   -   -  1   288   288 
Residential CRE -   -   -  -   -   - 
 Total commercial real estate -   -   -  1   288   288 
Consumer real estate:                
HELOC 72   5,212   5,194  279   21,729   21,479 
R/E installment loans 70   4,589   4,541  346   24,264   24,100 
 Total consumer real estate 142   9,801   9,735  625   45,993   45,579 
Permanent mortgage 15   3,864   4,074  41   16,907   17,311 
Credit card & other 13   44   39  41   198   187 
Total troubled debt restructurings 172 $ 14,870 $ 14,982  718 $ 80,736 $ 80,678 

  Three Months Ended September 30, 2012 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012 
    Pre-Modification Post-Modification   Pre-Modification Post-Modification 
    Outstanding Outstanding   Outstanding Outstanding 
(Dollars in thousands) Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Number Recorded Investment Recorded Investment 
Commercial (C&I):                
General C&I 8 $ 4,285 $ 4,244  19 $ 22,406 $ 22,264 
 Total commercial (C&I) 8   4,285   4,244  19   22,406   22,264 
Commercial real estate:                
Income CRE 3   4,538   4,144  9   13,045   12,502 
Residential CRE -   -   -  2   88   87 
 Total commercial real estate 3   4,538   4,144  11   13,133   12,589 
Consumer real estate:                
HELOC 737   17,087   16,916  831   27,730   27,511 
R/E installment loans 567   13,604   13,445  677   26,782   25,710 
 Total consumer real estate 1,304   30,691   30,361  1,508   54,512   53,221 
Permanent mortgage 61   16,641   16,648  123   66,308   66,710 
Credit card & other 26   101   97  188   1,063   1,025 
Total troubled debt restructurings 1,402 $ 56,256 $ 55,494  1,849 $ 157,422 $ 155,809 

The following table presents TDRs which were re-defaulted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, and as to which the modification occurred 12 months or less prior to the re-default. Financing receivables that became classified as TDRs within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the period are calculated by first identifying TDRs that were in default during the period and then determining whether they were modified within the 12 months prior to the default. For purposes of this disclosure, FHN generally defines payment default as a loan being 30 plus days past due.
            
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 
  September 30, 2013 September 30, 2013 
    Recorded   Recorded 
(Dollars in thousands)Number Investment Number Investment 
Commercial (C&I):          
General C&I 6 $ 1,870  8 $ 5,977 
 Total commercial (C&I) 6   1,870  8   5,977 
Commercial real estate:          
Income CRE 3   750  4   1,548 
Residential CRE -   -  1   33 
 Total commercial real estate 3   750  5   1,581 
Consumer real estate:          
HELOC 1   35  10   512 
R/E installment loans 3   229  6   350 
 Total consumer real estate 4   264  16   862 
Permanent mortgage 4   2,071  14   6,507 
Credit card & other 8   34  15   61 
Total troubled debt restructurings 25 $ 4,989  58 $ 14,988 

  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 
  September 30, 2012 September 30, 2012 
    Recorded   Recorded 
(Dollars in thousands)Number Investment Number Investment 
Commercial (C&I):          
General C&I 9 $ 8,559  27 $ 21,618 
 Total commercial (C&I) 9   8,559  27   21,618 
Commercial real estate:          
Income CRE 9   10,396  19   18,840 
Residential CRE 1   73  3   259 
 Total commercial real estate 10   10,469  22   19,099 
Consumer real estate:          
HELOC 15   1,749  31   3,379 
R/E installment loans 4   210  33   3,392 
 Total consumer real estate 19   1,959  64   6,771 
Permanent mortgage 6   2,743  9   3,515 
Credit card & other 4   17  19   69 
Total troubled debt restructurings 48 $ 23,747  141 $ 51,072 

The determination of whether a TDR is placed on nonaccrual status generally follows the same internal policies and procedures as other portfolio loans. However, FHN will typically place a consumer real estate loan on nonaccrual status if it is 30 or more days delinquent upon modification into a TDR. For commercial loans, nonaccrual TDRs that are reasonably assured of repayment according to their modified terms may be returned to accrual status by FHN upon a detailed credit evaluation of the borrower's financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms. For consumer loans, FHN's evaluation supporting the decision to return a modified loan to accrual status includes consideration of the borrower's sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable period prior to the date on which the loan is returned to accrual status, which is generally a minimum of six months. FHN may also consider a borrower's sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable time prior to the restructuring in assessing whether the borrower can meet the restructured terms, as it may indicate that the borrower is capable of servicing the level of debt under the modified terms. Otherwise, FHN will continue to classify restructured loans as nonaccrual. Consistent with regulatory guidance, upon sustained performance and classification as a TDR over FHN's year-end, the loan will be removed from TDR status as long as the modified terms were market-based at the time of modification.